ARCHITECTUREPORTFOLIO
BENCROSS University of Tennessee Knoxville College of Architectecture & Design bencross5087@gmail.com 615.969.5773
THE CAVE & COMMONS
PASSIVE SOLAR HOUSE
FALL 2012
SPRING 2011
NET-ZERO STUDIO
MATERIALS & METHODS STUDIO
PROFESSOR MARK DEKAY
PROFESSOR HANSJÖRG GÖRITZ
L.E.A.P. BUILDING
URBAN ALTERNATIVE
MIXED MEDIA
FALL 2011
SPRING 2012
2006-2012
INTEGRATIONS STUDIO
HAITI STUDIO
PROFESSOR WILLIAM MARTELLA
PROFESSOR JOHN MCRAE
THE CAVE & COMMONS ¦ NET-ZERO PROJECT anchorage, alaska ¦ net-zero studio ¦ fall 2012
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Net-Zero Studio Professor Mark DeKay, co-author of Sun Wind & Light, led his 5th year students to learn the latest passive energy methods and systems so that they could apply them towards the design of an energy efficient Brewpub/Beer Garden. In order for the studio, as a whole, to discover the variety of passive energy design methods and systems, the studio was divided into teams and chose specific regions of the U.S. to design their building. Each team then conducted an extensive climate analysis of their chosen city. After the climate analysis, the teams chose plausible sites for their Brewpub/Beer Garden. Finally, each team was given the choice to work together, or separate and design their building individually. My partner and I chose Anchorage, AK, a region with dynamic climate changes, which would provide challenging design opportunities.
July
9 a.m.
12 p.m.
3 p.m.
Site & Climate Analysis This phase of the project consisted of sun, wind, light, temperature, and bio-climate studies. Anchorage is located in the subartic climate of the North American region. Due to it’s location, Anchorage receives abundant amounts of sunlight in the summer, but limited amounts in the winter. The lack of sunlight and cold temperatures create many challenges for designing a zero-energy building.
January
March/September
Our site was chosen for its views to the ocean and mountains, its proximity to the downtown community, and its adjacency to the city greenway. The site is also located next to the railway and Elmendorf Air Force Base, both giving strong history and identity to the city of Anchorage.
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HYPOCAUST FLOOR
Passive Heating System This is known as a “closed-loop collection & radiant discharge system. For this harsh climate, the expense for a double façade was necessary.
ROCK BED STORAGE
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1) Collection → Discharge
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HYPOCAUST
HYPOCAUST
STORAGE
STORAGE
2) Collection → Storage
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Closed-Loop Collection & Radiant Discharge System HYPOCAUST
STORAGE
The system is made of of three main parts: collection, discharge, and storage. When sunlight is available, solar heat is collected through the double façade, then is either discharged through the hypocaust floor or transferred to the rock bed storage below the brewery. At night, the excess heat stored earlier in the day is released into the pub. In order to trap the heat from escaping through the double façade, we used a movable insulated envelope, an idea taken from the “Sliding House” precent. It was very appropriate in our situation not only because of the weather conditions, but also of its analogy to the railway.
3) Storage → Discharge
1) Collection → Discharge Solar heat is collected through the double façade system and transferred vertically to the air trough. The air trough then distributes the heated air horizontally through channels in the hypocaust floor. The heated air warms the concrete, which then heats the surrounding rooms. 2) Collection → Storage If the pub space becomes overheated, a louver system in the collector closes off, preventing direct heat gain to the room. The louvers have a dark surface, which will maximize the solar gain in the collector. Rather than that heated air traveling to the hypocaust floor for discharge, it travels to the rock bed storage in the brewery where it can be stored for later use. 3) Storage → Discharge When sunlight is not available and the pub space becomes too cold, the moveable insulated envelope closes over the collector. The envelopes rest on a track system. Fans then blow the stored heat from the rock bed to the hypocaust floor to be discharged into the room.
SERVICE
KITCHEN
MECHANICAL
PUB
BREWERY
CAVE
Program The Cave & Commons is made of three components: the pub, the brewery, and the beer garden. The intent of our design is to create an atmosphere much like a German beer hall where guests are inclined to drink with strangers and build community.
PUB BEER GARDEN BREWERY
Moveable Insulated Envelope In elevation, it’s understood how the envelope closes over the building. The system is very quiet but moves slowly since it operates off of a low amount of electricity. During the winter the envelope remains closed since there is not enough significant sunlight to capture and snowfall can hinder the system.
The priority of this project was to design the most sustainable brewpub by using passive energy saving methods. After designing passive methods, we continued to apply active methods such as solar panels and wind turbines. With methods such as burrowing, thermal collection, linear plan, and movable parts, our design uses a necessary and effective combination of both passive and active energy efficient design.
PASSIVE SOLAR HOUSE ¦ POST-ATOMIC HOUSING PROJECT knoxville, tennessee ¦ materials & methods studio ¦ spring 2011
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Post-Atomic Housing Project Professor Hansjorg Goritz led this studio to design a community south of the Knoxville area, then design the house within that community. Our studio first worked in groups and as individuals to research and propose designs for the community. Later, we worked along with our “Materials & Methods” class in order to gain a better understanding of how a building comes together. The intent of design for these homes was similar to that of the post-atomic “Case Study Houses” from the mid-twentieth century, to be affordable, efficient, and timeless.
Passive Solar House The chevron shaped plan of this house harnesses the sun’s energy like that of Frank Lloyd Wright’s “Solar Hemicycle (Jacobs II) house, but is less expensive to construct because there are no curves.
Like the Solar Hemicycle house, this house is bermed around the north, east and west sides. By burrowing the house, moderating thermal heat gain, and allowing proper ventilation, energy consumption is minimalized.
June 21 March & Sept 21
Dec 21
A ROOF SECTION METAL ROOFING DECKING VAPOR MEMBRANE OSB POLYURETHANE INSULATION
B FOOTING SECTION
DOUBLE-GLAZED WINDOW WINDOW FRAME SEALANT RIGID INSULATION ANCHOR BOLT & PIN VAPOR MEMBRANE CONCRETE
INSECT SCREEN JOIST FASCIA PERABLE WINDOW
GRAVEL DRAIN SOIL KEY
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L.E.A.P. BUILDING ¦ INTEGRATIONS PROJECT downtown knoxville, tn ¦ integrations studio ¦ fall 2011
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Integrations Studio The intent of Integrations Studio is for the student to experience the practicality of design for a client by taking them from the conceptual to development phase. Students integrate their structural, mechanical, lighting, and construction knowledge attained through technical courses in attempt to design a LEED certified building. Along with designing the buildings and their systems, students made extensive calculations of the mechanical, electrical, and structural systems while creating our own product catalogs in order to calculate the LEED status acquired.
Structure GREEN ROOF
KAWNEER 7500 CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM COLT SOLAR SHADING SYSTEM
DUCTWORK DIFFUSER
ROOF
16”x28” CONCRETE BEAM 4”x16” CONCRETE JOIST 16”x36” CONCRETE BEAM
16”x16” CONCRETE COLUMN
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
BUCKET LIGHTING
16” CAST-IN-PLACE THERMOMASS STRUCTURALLY INSULATED CONCRETE
GROUND LEVEL
L.E.A.P. | Landscape, Engineering, Architecture, & Planning For this design, the concept deals with solid and void. The “glass boxâ€? represents the void that is cut from the solid concrete masses. Programatically, the void space is open and lively for the work environment while the solid space is quieter for offices and meetings. A semi-transparent glass louver system is placed on the south façade for energy savings.
Structural & MEP Systems Although it was not a requirement for the course, I challenged myself to use Revit in order to better understand how parts and systems come together, to make accurate energy calculations, and to improve my knowledge of the software.
L.E.A.P. Building Besides the office space needed for the L.E.A.P. firm, the program also includes two restaurants at ground level. The “glass box� lies over a passage that allows pedestrians to access outdoor dining and a courtyard on the north side of the building.
URBAN ALTERNATIVE ¦ THE HAITI PROJECT fond des blancs, haiti ¦ haiti studio ¦ spring 2012
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JEA AN THOM THOM HOMAS’ AS S PROPER PRO PERTY PER TY
PHA HASE SE 2
PHASE PHA SE 1
The Haiti Studio
LOCAL AIR RSTR RIP
After the catastrophic earthquake of 2010, much of Haiti was left in shambles. Soon after, with the help of Chris King and several sponsors, the University of Tennessee has been able to offer students the chance to put their knowledge towards helping many Haitians. Jean Thomas, a major community figure in Fond des Blancs, has coordinated with the University for various projects to be designed and built. The studio from the previous year designed a school for the community. This studio was given the task to design a start-up community and homes to occupy it.
Young Professional Patriate House The Haitians’ cultural differences force the designer to understand how the household works in Haitian society. Differences include preferances such as darkness inside the home, connection of interior and exterior spaces, and apparent separation of private and public space.
Passive Stack Ventilation Conceptually, this house is designed to allow guests passage from the entrance to the back of the home through the living room. This creates connection between the indoor and outdoor while giving the living room hierarchy. The double height living room space is created by the monitor roof, which is great for tropical conditions due to efficient stack ventilation.
Construction Documents The houses that were designed by the studio were compiled into a catalog for future residents to choose from. Each design included a complete set of construction documents and have the possibility of being built.
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1.5"X1.5" PURLIN @ 2' O.C. METAL ROOFING 2"X8" DOUBLE TOP PLATE 8"X8" CONCRETE BEAM VENT BLOCK
8"X12" REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM RAFTER HANGER METAL ROOF
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1.5"X1.5" PURLIN @ 24" O.C. METAL ROOFING 2"X8" TOP PLATE 8"X8" REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
8"X8" REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM
8"X8"X12" CMU BLOCK
8"X8"X16" CMU BLOCK
#3 RE-BAR ABOVE AND BELOW CMU WALL OPENINGS VENT BLOCK
4" CONCRETE SLAB 6" OF COMPACT AGGRAGATE
4" CONCRETE SLAB 6" OF COMPACT AGGRAGATE
SOIL
SOIL
2'X1' CONTINUOUS FOOTER
2' X 1' CONTINUOUS FOOTER
3 #5 RE-BAR
3 #5 RE-BAR
“Column Shadow Study” | Pencil | Representation II
MIXED MEDIA ¦ ART+ARCHITECTURE knoxville, tn ¦ various studios ¦ 2008-2012
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“Staircase” | Pencil | Architecture Application
“Leaves” | Pencil | Architecture Application
“Bicycle” | Pencil | Architecture Application
“Crouching (Replication)” | Charcoal | SCAD
“Shoe, Egg, Paper” | Pencil | Representation I
“Shoe, Egg, Paper Thought Process” | Pencil | Representation I
“Swiss Army Knife” | Pencil | Representation II
“Torchbearer” | Pencil | Representation I
“Courtyard” | Pen & Ink Wash | Art 101
“River Overlook” | Pen | Art 101
“Notre Dame Cathedral” | Pen | Sketchbook
“Perspective” | Pencil | Drawing for Storyboarding
“Blackhawk Down” | Pen & Marker | Drawing for Storyboarding
“Chessboard” | Acrylic | HS Art III
“Gollum” | Colored Pencil | HS Art IV
“Never Sleeps” | Digital | Arch. Photography
“Color Coordinate” | Digital | Arch. Photography
“Under the Bridge” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Bridge at Dawn” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Early Practice” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Bridge & Fog” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Crane” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Bridge Deconstruction” | Film | Arch. Photography
“Boathouse” | Film | Arch. Photography
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