Portfolio Martin Berg

Portfolio Martin Berg

Academic projects from the architecture departments at KTH, Stockholm, Sweden and ETH, Z체rich, Switzerland.

Contents 1. S채lgen 4 - Adaptable Housing in Stockholm 2. Auditorium Building in Kr채ftriket 3. New Convention Center in Zurich 4. Learning from Paris 5. Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen

View from Birger Jarlsgatan

Sälgen 4

- Adaptable housing in Stockholm

Intro Today, the interest for the city center of Stockholm is big, not least among architects. The once questioned qualities of the classic block structures are now highly valued and focused on during today’s expansion of the city centre and its urban qualities outside of its outer boundaries. This is implemented in the design of contemporary projects like for example Hammarby Sjöstad. In this project I’ve examined the classic block structure of Stockholm by designing an addition of housing to it. I see my design as a comment to what contemporary architecture and city planning in Stockholm could be. Questions I have dealt with during my process relate to building typologies, urbanity, flexibility, permanence, everydayness and learning from the context that we live in and are confront with on a daily basis.

As a starting point I chose one of few gaps left in the city center. For more background information to this project, see separate Thesis Booklet.

My chosen site is Sälgen 4 at Östermalm in Stockholm; a corner location within an existing block. The site never got built as it once was proposed, and still today there is a gap between the two neighboring gables. Ever since the block was built in the twenties, a gas station has been occupying the space. That function will probably disappear soon for different reasons, following the fate of almost every gas station in the city center. This fact makes working with this site even more interesting.

The site is what one could say part of a typical block setting in Stockholm. A special quality is however the northwest boarder that is overlooking Jarlaplan; an open space of infrastructure but also green. Here lies potential for creating housing with a great view (see diagram). Two streets passes by the site; the heavy trafficked Birger Jarlsgatan and the more small scaled Kungstensgatan (see diagram). In total the site is exposed to a very high level of noise, which with today’s building regulations needs to be taken into consideration when designing, which I will discuss later on. From the courtyard, the site is exposed to the morning sun, while the boundary to Birger Jarlsgatan is exposed for the most of the daily sun. In the summer the boundary towards Kungstensgatan will be exposed for evening sun. The whole block has a raised courtyard, housing for example garages and an auditorium.

Flundran 5 Ludvig Hedin 1882-83

Muraren 11 Höög & Morssing 1915-16

Berget 10 Sven Markelius 1929-30

Gökungen 6 Carl R Lindström 1930-32

Väktaren 12 Björn Hedvall 1936-1938

Stenbrottet 10 Westrin & Szejnman 1971

Pagen 15 FFNS Arkitekter 1987

Designationen 53 FFNS Arkitekter 1988

Tygeln 1 Tengbom Arkitekter (2014)

Typological compilation

A selection of corner buildings in Stockholm with a similar setting to my site

I started this project by analyzing selected corner houses in the city center of Stockholm. I selected buildings that fitted my program and the qualities of my site, while also covering a broad time spectrum. The result was a typological assembly of corner houses and their inhabited properties, which I’ve used as a source for inspiration in this project. See separate assembly for further information.

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Despite that the ways that we live today often differs a lot from the way of life in the end of the 19th century, “Flundran” and other similar houses are standing still and offer highly demanded places to live. One important aspect to this fact I believe lies in the generic qualities of the house; its ability to adapt to the mayor social and technical changes from the last 130 years. This is something that I chose to focus extra on in this project.

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From my typological assembly I’ve found an extra interest in the house at the block “Flundran” from year 1883 (the oldest of all my chosen references). The plan drawing is very abstract and lacks both furniture and text. The two different types of walls make up a more or less abstract pattern. When looking at the drawing, there is a present indeterminacy imagining how one could occupy the space. This is further emphasized through the extra door to each apartment; once used by the maid, but today maybe allowing for a separate home office or a division of the apartment into two. Also the sequence of rooms opens up for interpretation; they often have access from two sides; a corridor from the one side and from another room on the other. That makes them suitable for either private rooms or a sequence of common rooms.

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Reference photo, Tomtebogatan, Stockholm - street with present “everydayness“ - possible source for inspiration?

Spring 2014 | Thesis Project | Sälgen 4 - Adaptable housing in Stockholm

Figure-ground diagram of the site with surroundings 1:3000

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Siteplan 1:800 Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

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Example 1: An office

Example 3: A co-operative living arrangement

Two rooms with working spaces for six employees and a separate room for the manager. The kitchen and central space are used as the common space. The meeting room is located by the entrance with the possibility to be shielded off from the rest of the office. Generous room for storage.

Maximized use of private rooms. Doors between the rooms are closed or less frequently used in favor for the doors connecting to the inner part of the apartment. Private rooms are equipped with beds but also with places to work and socialize. The central space is used as a living room with the chairs by the kitchen bench as complementary seating.

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Example 4: A family with children

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Taking advantage of enfilade and possible circle movement with a set of common rooms opened to each other. The dining table is placed in the central space of the apartment with the possibility to expand when larger gatherings are taking place. By the entrance is a home office located, whilst the bedroom and private bathroom creates an intimate inner zone.

Two children sharing the same room in favor for a generous common space. Separate master bedroom with a home office. The private and the common spaces are clearly divided into separate zones, with the possibility of temporary turning the living room into a guest room.

Floor 2-6, furnished 1:150

Kitchen

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Loggia, ventilated

Possible private spaces

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Possible private zone

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Possible circular movements

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Possibilities for expansion

My design My design closes the today unfinished block of houses and provides the courtyard with a better acoustic environment. The building height is about 20,5 meters towards the street, which corresponds with the heights of neighboring buildings.

The facade is clad with concrete panels, which are pigmented to get a beige color and cast against a pattern creating a rough surface similar to some old render techniques. On the entrance level the facade has been clad with stone and the roof has been clad with copper sheets. The facade has been given a simple grid pattern, within all window sizes fit. The result is a simple and calm facade that corresponds well with its surrounding buildings.

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The building has six floors and an additional top floor and a basement. The entrance level has four spaces for renting out. Here is also the garage ramp, space for household waste and the entrances to the two staircases located. A “sunken” courtyard with laundry and common space is found on the back.

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The basement houses a garage with 11 parking lots that give a parking rate of over 0,5. Storage, bike room, push-/wheelchair room and technical facilities are also located here.

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Floor 2 to 6 contain apartments and are repeated through the building. The ceiling heights are 2,65 m. There are four apartments on each floor, each between 130 and 140 m2 in size, with 3 to 4 rooms and a kitchen. All apartments have windows in two directions. The plans are divided into three, with a dark core in the middle and rooms on either side along the facades. The core contains the technical necessities of the apartments like kitchen and bathroom but also walk-in closets, passages and halls. This division enabled the 14 meter deep plan, where one has access from the core to each room. It also enables the possibility for the apartment to be divided into zones of different intimacy; the entrance hall can together with the room beside create an almost autonomous part of the apartment, while the passage and the inner rooms can create a more intimate part completely cut off from guests.

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Every apartment has been given two walk-in closets, with the convincement that they further enhance the flexibility of the apartments. They don’t have the negative effect on the furnishing of the rooms the way wardrobes have and they can be used more freely for different types of storage. If necessary or wished for, separate wardrobes can be added to the rooms by the inhabitants.

If the possibility of zoning is not wished for, there is instead a possibility to create cross connections between the rooms in the apartment, creating so called ”enfilades”. These axes have great architectural qualities and create new spatial sequences in the apartments. These qualities are best in the corner apartments, where the axis ends with a window. These doors are located in a way that minimizes their impact on the furnishing opportunities. Due to acoustic reasons, rooms are always separated by swing doors. Sliding doors are being used, but only where the acoustic demands are minor.

The rooms are over four meter wide, and usually even deeper, enhancing the possibility for different furnish layouts.

In the middle of each apartment is the kitchen located. Right beside is a central space suitable as a dining or living room. The extra seating opportunity by the kitchen bench can become an important complement. When the space beside the kitchen is used as the only common space, every other room can be private making the usage of space very economical. ”The Balkony is dead. Long live the loggia?” is the name of an article written by Frank Kaltenbach in year 2006. There are many reasons why I’ve chosen to use the loggia in this project. It is a great quality to have an outdoor space in direct connection to the apartment, usually accomplished by a balcony. Anyhow, due to the poor light conditions and the tight measurements on the courtyard, I have decided to move the outdoor spaces to the street façade, where both sun and great views are provided. The loggia then has the advantage of being easily glazed to reduce noise, without any negative effects for the facade or street. Neighboring rooms, usually three, can all be provided by natural ventilation from the loggia, with the positive effect of reduced impact of street noise. The loggia can also be part of a so called ”extendable space” when opened up to the central space. This is creating the possibility for a longer dining table at a bigger gathering etc.

Elevation towards Kungstensgatan 1:800

On top of the building are two flats located, one 180 m2 with five and the other one 160 m2 with four rooms. Terraces are located on each side and the reduce depth led to a plan with a formal set of rooms to the street and a more informal set of spaces to the courtyard.

Section BB 1:800

Spring 2014 | Thesis Project | Sälgen 4 - Adaptable housing in Stockholm

Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

View from kitchen

Flexibility Buildings today are built to last for about 100 years. During that period of time they will need to adapt to changes that are unknown beforehand. Changes can be social or technical within one single household or more widely spread due to demographic, economical or environmental reasons. The definition for flexible housing is broad but what I have been focusing on in this project is mainly the adaptability of dwellings to social changes.

There are many reasons to build flexible houses, i.e. not optimizing them to one single purpose. During the lifespan of a building it will have to serve different households with different needs; far beyond an image of a standard family configuration. Even the very same person will during its life have different demands on the dwelling. If we compare the way we live today we can also see that it greatly differs to the way people lived the last 100 years, giving the conclusion that the way of life is in constant change.

Ceramic tiles 10 mm Tile adhesive 5 mm Inclining screed 70 - 80 mm Reinforced concrete 250 mm Plaster 10 mm

Water canal

One answer to this issue, one could say, would be to create buildings with a shorter lifespan. On the other hand this “solution” avoids the actual problem and would have a both economical and environmental impact; two of many reasons not to go this way. Another answer could be to create a great variety of apartments, allowing households to find apartment suitable for their current needs.

This requires on the other hand a constant stock of vacant houses of different types; a situation unlikely to occur.

- Parquet flooring 15 mm - Screed 60 mm - Plastic sheet 1 mm - Impact sound insulation 20 mm - Concrete Slab 250 mm - Plaster 10 mm

Horizontal joint

- Coloured concrete with texture 120 mm - Ventilated cavity 40 mm - Thermal insulation 140 mm - Reinforced concrete 150 mm - Plaster 10 mm

Wooden window frames

There are ways to categorize different types of flexibility. Tatjana Schneider and Jeremy Till use the terms soft and hard flexibility. With soft flexibility they mean multiple use of space without architectural or structural modifications, for example through enabling a great number of furniture layout. With hard flexibility they mean internal alterations with the help of elements that can be changed, through example tearing or putting up walls.

Section, loggia 1:100

Section, window 1:100

Bernard Leupen makes a similar categorization with the terms alterability and polyvalence, with alterability corresponding to hard flexibility and polyvalence to soft flexibility. He also adds a third category: extendability, referring to spaces that are able to expand without the need for tearing down a wall or such, for example through opening up a room to a terrace.

What I have chosen to focus on in this project is mainly the soft flexibility or the so called polyvalent space. When looking at Stockholm and its stock of houses in its city center, this is a quality that I find striking. This paradox between the cities old, somewhat permanent structures and its contemporary and constantly changing life I find fascinating and also challenging to integrate in my own design.

When creating polyvalent spaces, the possibility for the inhabitants to create zones of different intimacy is a way to enable increased ways of occupying space.

That could for example enable that one part of the dwelling could easily be rented out or being a home office. One way of accomplishing this is through putting one room close to the entrance, together with a separate bathroom. Another example of enabling zones is through dividing rooms with more than of just one wall, limiting the risk of noise leakage. This can be accomplished through example different floors or by dividing rooms by small passages or other “neutral spaces” like a hall or kitchen.

Physical model, bird’s-eye view

Elevation 1:100

Another layer in making flexible dwellings is to enable different use of a space. An equal set of rooms, similar in their sizes, with shapes close to the square for greater furnishing possibilities, makes them more sensible for different kinds of interpretation. This to another paradox; the on the architectural drawing less dynamic floor plan create on the other hand the most dynamic ways to inhabit the spaces.

This tactic will generate bigger rooms, maybe with a possible living room being a bit smaller. Widths that repeatedly occur when reading about flexible measures, or when studying the biggest units in a dwelling, are at least 3,6m, but often 4,0m or wider. Bigger rooms also enable private spaces to accommodate more than just a place to sleep but also for socializing, working etc.

View from courtyard

The opportunity to create polyvalence also lies in the design of space sequences.

By letting rooms have two doors, with at least one accessed to a neutral space, create the possibility for the inhabitant to use the room as either a private space or as part of an ”enfilade”, i.e. a set of less intimate spaces connected to each other.

Doors can be opened and closed on daily basis or less frequently.

References Nylander, Ola et al. (2007) Bostadens rum, Stockholm Leupen, Bernard (2006) Frame and generic space, Rotterdam Schneider, Tatjana & Till, Jeremy (2007) Flexible housing, London Christ, Emanuel et al. (2012) Typology – Hong Kong, Rome, [...] Zürich Bermejo Pascuala, Carlos (2011) Floor plan manual housing, Basel Hultin, Olof et al. (2009) Guide till Stockholms arkitektur, Stockholm Westholm, Sigurd (1993) Stockholmsbyggen 1916 – 1940 Holm, Lennart et al. (1991) Från bostadsnöd till önskehem Siebel, Walter, Zukunft des Wohnens, Archplus 176/177, pp. 44-47 Kaltenbach, Frank, The balkony is dead […], Detail 2006/3, pp. 162-164 Askergren, Mikael, En pizza i Kärrtorp, Kritik 2013:21, s. 28 - 43

Plan 1:100

Physical model, street view Spring 2014 | Thesis Project | Sälgen 4 - Adaptable housing in Stockholm

View from room Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

Auditorium Building in Kräftriket Kräftriket, with many buildings belonging to the University of Stockholm, needs an additional building containing a larger lecture hall and several seminar rooms. The buildings are located in apicturesque setting on the northern boarder of Stockholm city centre, next to the lake Brunnsviken.

Visitors commonly arrive by bus from the main road (see site plan), i.e. the new building will often be approached from the south. Parking opportunities are within the campus or just north of it.

The building site is located on a courtyard like space, surrounded by existing brick buildings. Among these buildings I recognized two types of typologies – a grander and more symmetrical one to the south, west and north, and a more timid, small scaled and broken type on the eastern side, on top of a small hill. My extension connects mainly to the latter.

The new building is placed on the small hill mentioned, and reaches out from it in two directions, where it is adjusting itself to the high differences. A horizontal eave emphasize the differences in height.

The building is “crowned” by a several roof lanterns, referring to the often very intricate roof structures of the surrounding buildings. Right across the hill runs a walking path commonly used. The new building, together with the old ones, form a more urban part of this path, where also the main entrance is located under a canopy roof.

When entering the building, one first reach a square shaped foyer with a big window facing south (see upper floor plan). For bigger gatherings this is a good place for pauses and to serve food, and from here you can enter directly into the auditorium. The foyer continues in a winding way, with windows to the west, facing the courtyard. This is a place for everyday use, such as studying, resting etc. Here is the kitchenette, stair and elevator, together with the access to four seminar rooms, located. Downstairs are two additional seminar rooms located, a secondary entrance, together with WC and lockers (see lower floor plan). Here is also a secondary, more accessible entrance to the lower auditorium part located.

The building is constructed mainly out of load bearing walls together with a few columns. The auditorium on the other hand has load bearing beams, concealed by a suspended ceiling, which improve the acoustics, hides the installations and brings down warm light from the roof lanterns (see section AA). The roof lanterns are places between the beams in the auditorium and the walls in the upper seminar rooms.

Exterior view, courtyard

The auditorium creates a rather closed volume in the centre of the courtyard and at the entrance. In this a way the buildling tackles its relationship with the old, grand buildings with a great amount of windows. Since having so much closed façade, I decided to work with a brick pattern, which also relates to the very intricate old brick façades (see exterior perspective, courtyard).

Exterior view, main entrance

Fall Term 2013 | Idea, Decorum, Virtues | Auditorium Building

Site plan 1:5000

Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

Physical site model Interior view, foyer

Section DD 1:600

Section CC 1:600

Elevation south west 1:600

Elevation north west 1:600

Elevation north east 1:600

Elevation south east 1:600

Interior view, auditorium

Fall Term 2013 | Idea, Decorum, Virtues | Auditorium Building

Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

Section BB 1:300

Section AA 1:300

Fall Term 2013 | Idea, Decorum, Virtues | Auditorium Building

Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

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6. WC and lockers 7. Cleaning storage 8. General storage 9. Electricy, Telecom 10. Plant room

Upper floor 1:300

Fall Term 2013 | Idea, Decorum, Virtues | Auditorium Building

Professor Johan Celsing, assistant professor Roger Spetz and lecturer Tobias Nissen | Student: Martin Berg

New Convention Center in Zurich Der Gerold Area is a complex site. The railway landscape to the south, the heavy trafficed bridge to the west and the closed bank facades together with a car ramp to the north makes the conditions tough. Potential on the other hand lies in the close distance to the railway station and the popular Viadukt street.

This design proposes a building that is directed inwards. Within the site it creates a new street that is open to the public. That makes it possible to break the bigness of the scale of the surroundings and to create more urban qualities. The building heights continiue the heights of the surroundings and leave the Primetower as the only solitaire.

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View, public plaza

Physical models, design process

Physical model, final design

Martin Berg, Spring Term 2013

Physical model, final design

New Convention Center in Zurich, Switzerland

Professorship Annette Gigon / Mike Guyer

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Martin Berg, Spring Term 2013

New Convention Center in Zurich, Switzerland

Professorship Annette Gigon / Mike Guyer

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Upper ground floor 1:1200

Martin Berg, Spring Term 2013

New Convention Center in Zurich, Switzerland

Professorship Annette Gigon / Mike Guyer

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Martin Berg, Spring Term 2013

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New Convention Center in Zurich, Switzerland

Professorship Annette Gigon / Mike Guyer

Learning from Paris - Typology Transfer

Since 1966, when the military vacated the Basel Barracks, the site has been a semi public space in the city center of Basel, Switzerland. In designing this building on this site we took inspiration from the Parisian arcade and Hôtel particulier. The result was a superblock consisting of dwelling, ateliers and shops, which form several courtyards of different sizes and level of intimacy. Through the block goes a public axis that crosses the main square shaped courtyard and ends up at the Rhine River. Towards the street the facades are of a more formal character, which becomes softer towards the courtyards.

Photomontage street façade

Martin Berg & Lâra Içöz, Fall Term 2012

Learning from Paris, Typology Transfer

Assistant professorship Emanuel Christ & Christoph Gantenbein

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Learning from Paris, Typology Transfer

Assistant professorship Emanuel Christ & Christoph Gantenbein

Photomontage courtyard

Martin Berg & Lâra Içöz, Fall Term 2012

Learning from Paris, Typology Transfer

Assistant professorship Emanuel Christ & Christoph Gantenbein

Elevation north west 1:1200

Elevation north east 1:1200

Elevation south east 1:1200

Elevation south west 1:1200

Plan level 2-5 1:600

Cross section 1:1200

Longitudinal section 1:1200

Martin Berg & Lâra Içöz, Fall Term 2012

Learning from Paris, Typology Transfer

Assistant professorship Emanuel Christ & Christoph Gantenbein

Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen The site at Blasieholmen in Stockholm, Sweden, is despite its central location to some extent a backside. It has potential of being nice and frequently visited, things that a new Nobel Museum can contribute to.

I chose to place a slender building volume on the edge of the site. In this way I succesfully avoid creating a building that reduces views and sunlight or that splits up the site in two. The building has a long facade towards the park, which visually allows people from outside to take part of the activities in the building and the other way around. I believe that the Nobel Musem with its broad spectrum of activities can create an informal whole together with the park.

Towards the existing buildings the museum creates a more closed facade containing small rooms with regular room heights. Mainly administrative parts of the program are located here, together with toilets, elevators etc. The rooms towards the park on the other hand are big with double height and glazed facades. The public part of the program is located here such as the exhibition spaces, library etc. Sunlight and daylight is taken care of through curtains of different kinds, which gives the facade a more lively apperance. In between this division of the building is a big, top lit atrium space, where the main stair is located.

Todays site.

Some smaller existing buildings on the site are demolished.

The volume is placed towards existing buildings in order to create a big and coherent public space.

The unbuilt space with its large trees, nice views and exposure to sunlight has potentional to become a frequently visited park in direct connection to the museum.

In plan, the building adapts to the existing city fabric and splits in two by a small street, where the main entrances are placed. The southern volume is dedicated for a tourist center and a small convention center.At the narrow street north west of the building are loading of goods taken care of. The park on the other hand is for pedestrians only.

The building is continuing the existing city pattern through allowing the street to cross it.

The building consists of mainly concrete, glass andsteel. The construcion is made up of both columns and walls, each emphazing the different kinds of spaces in the building.

The building turns one of its sides to the existing buildings and the other to the park. The building height is kept low in order to create a building scale coherent with the park.

Towards the existing buildings the museum has a more closed facade and smaller rooms.

Towards the park the facade is more opened up and the rooms bigger. The basement connects the two volumes on either side of the street.

Across the museum is a atrium which brings down light into the volume. Vertical communication is located here.

The view through the atrium and the park is unobstructed with great freedom of crossing.

Towards the existing buildings is the celing height in the basement raised, in order to let daylight in. Towards the park is the ground floor set back to protect itself from direct sunlight and to provide shelter from rain.

The rooms towards the existing buildings are given normal ceiling heights, while the rooms towards the park are given double heights .

Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen Bachelor Degree Project Spring 2010 Student: Martin Berg Coordinator and examinor: Alexis Pontvik

Site plan 1:4000

Interior view

Facade south east 1:800

Exterior view

Facade south west 1:800

Facade north west 1:800 Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen Bachelor Degree Project Spring 2010 Student: Martin Berg Coordinator and examinor: Alexis Pontvik

Section A-A with perspective 1:100 Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen Bachelor Degree Project Spring 2010 Student: Martin Berg Coordinator and examinor: Alexis Pontvik

B

A

A

B

Basement 1:800

Ground floor 1:800

1. Repro 2. Bokvård 3. Arkiv, arkivmagasin och boklager 4. Korttidsmagasin 5. Verkstäder 6. Långtidsmagasin 7. Sopor 8. Lokalvård 9. Drift 10. Lokaler tillhörande Nationalmuseum 11. Kök 12. Café och restaurang 13. Tjänsterum för bibliotek 14. Bibliotek 15. Grupprum 16. Receptions- och lånedisk 17. Läs- och datorplatser

18. Butik och bokhandel 19. Kontor, extra 20. Foajé / entréhall / information 21. Kapprum 22. Foajé, konferans 23. Turistcenter 24. Kontor 25. Mötesrum 26. Workshop / kombikontor 27. Biograf 28. Inlastning 29. Hörsal / filmsal 30. Aktivitetscentrum för barn och ungdom 31. Vaktmästeri 32. Kontor, public interface 33. Kontor, forskningsavdelning 34. Introduktionsutställning

1st floor 1:800 35. Loge 36. Förråd och drift 37. Auditorium 38. Cellkontor 39. Sammanträdesrum 40. Närförråd / post / kopiering 41. Kontor, Nobelmuseum 42. Pausrum 43. Restaurang 44. Bar 45. Tillfälliga utställningar 46. Permanent utställning 47. Seminarierum 48. Kontor, webbgruppen 49. Datorrum 50. Vilorum

2nd floor 1:800

3rd floor 1:800

4rd floor 1:800

Section A-A 1:800

Nobel Museum at Blasieholmen Bachelor Degree Project Spring 2010 Student: Martin Berg Coordinator and examinor: Alexis Pontvik