Essay On Romanticism

For many years, this period and these writers were known as the American Renaissance, a coin termed by F.O. Matthiessen in his book of that name in 1941. This book set the parameters of how to read and connect these writers until relatively recently, when its limitations, especially in terms of defining the "canon" of literary giants and what made them (all male) "giants" have been recognized and challenged. However, the term is still useful to some degree. It is a misnomer, if one thinks of the period as a time of rebirth of some earlier literary greatness, as the European Renaissance, because there was nothing to be "reborn." The great writers of this period, roughly 1840–1865 although more particularly...show more content... There is nothing comparable in so short a period in Europe. Is there any relationship between this literary outburst and the conflicts which would soon lead to war?

As is so often true, there are no good answers, but lots of good speculation. Cultural there was time for literature and art; the practical matters such as the essential of making a living and establishing political independence had been squared. There were American publishers and even more important, copyright laws protected writers from having their works printed, without their permission or pay, in England. There were readers, often women eager to expand their minds. It was actually possible to make a kind of living as a writer, although it was difficult and limited, making these writers agonize over the problem of "vocation." There was also a strong national pride, self–conscious and anti–British.

Politically the time was ripe. The 18th century left a heritage of optimism about man's possibilities and perfectability. The lofty ideals of democracy asserted the value of individuals, regardless of class, and education. Of course, these values primarily applied to white males. In fact, tensions were building which cried out for creative release. Inequality, not equality was the rule for many, especially women and slaves. The clash of these realities with the idealistic rhetoric led writers to take extremes, championing individualism yet also seeing the darker sides of a fragmenting

Romanticism and Rationalism Romanticism began in the mid–18th century and reached its height in the 19th century. The Romantic literature of the nineteenth century holds in its topics the ideals of the time period, concentrating on emotion, nature, and the expression of "nothing." The Romantic era was one that focused on the commonality of humankind and, while using emotion and nature; the poets and their works shed light on people's universal natures. Romanticism as a movement declined in the late 19th century and early 20th century with the growing dominance of Realism in the literature and the rapid advancement of science and technology. However, Romanticism was very impressionative on most individuals during its time....show more content...

Thoreau felt by doing this society would have a harder time to mold him into what it wanted him to think. Thoreau left a life of luxury for "voluntary poverty". Even though he was "poorer in his outward riches" he was wealthy in his "inward riches". A good number of romantic views of Nature suggested using Nature as ones tool to learn. This is evident in William Wordsworth's poem "The Tables Turned. In the poem "The Tables Turned" Wordsworth states to "quit your books [for it is] a dull and endless strife[;] enough of Science; close up those barren leaves." Wordsworth believed piece that books were useless to learn from. He believed that we should "Let Nature be [our] Teacher [for it]...may teach you more of man [and] moral good and evil[, more] than all the sages can." Wordsworth agreed with the previous notion that to understand the divine and oneself, they must first start with understanding Nature. This View of studying Nature is taken one step further by Charles Darwin. Perhaps the most appealing quality of Darwin's work was that it accounted for phenomenon in a purely naturalistic manner. It was the most scientific explanation yet, completely removing the supernatural explanation, and setting him apart from the theorists before him. The major unsettled scientific question of Darwin's Theory was be in regards to natural selection as the mechanism for change, which became

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Romanticism

When we think of romance or romantic we often associate the term with love. People talk about how they want their significant others to be more 'romantic'. But what does the term 'romantic' really mean. Does it mean giving flowers, spending an evening alone by candlelight, bringing home extravagant gifts, or reciting beautiful poetry. Within today's society it can mean any one of those things and many more. But in the late eighteenth, early nineteenth century (1780–1830)Romance was considered something different altogether. To the Romantics of this era romance was a way of life. It was their whole life. Romance was their way of expressing themselves to the fullest as they...show more content... The Imagination was no longer just a faculty for creating fictions. For the Romantics it was a means by which they could communicate truth,

and as different as the poets of this era were they all shared the belief in the importance of Imagination. What they did not share was the religious beliefs and social truths of their society. For the first time in English

Literature the poets failed to find Christianity satisfying. Through Imagination, romantic poets were able to seek out their own concept of spiritual truth. In actuality Imagination was the key to their existence. They believed that without it they were nothing, and with it they could glimpse the inner most secrets of the Universe. It was John Keats that once wrote " I am certain of nothing but the holiness of the Heart's affections, and the Imagination". The Romantics fascination with Imagination also accounts for another of their concerns–childhood. They believed that children saw things more clearly than adults did. Children did not have reason, habit, and customs to cloud their innocent minds.

They valued the freshness and immediacy of child like intuition over adult reasoning and experience. Another favorite subject of the Romantic poets was the poet himself. Examples of this would be Wordsworth's The Prelude, or Byron's Don Juan. In these poems the poet expressed the

Poetry is a varied art form. Poetry is expression with words, using aesthetics and definition. Word choice in poetry is the single most important thing. Devices such as assonance, alliteration and rhythm work in a poem to convey a certain image or to facilitate understanding. Similes and metaphors can take two unlike objects, such as a potato and cinderblock, and if done the correct way use them to describe how Abraham Lincoln dealt with scoundrels. Poetry is beautiful. One of the best genres in poetry, let alone a great literary movement isRomanticism or the post–enlightenment Romantics. Romanticism was a philosophical and literary movement in the middle to late seventeen hundreds. It surfaced as a reaction to the Enlightenment Ideas...show more content...

The major writers in Romanticism are Percy Shelly, Lord Byron,John Keats, William Blake, William Wordsworth, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

I will be examining two second generation Romantic poets Lord Byron, Percy Shelly, I have chosen to examine the poems; She walks in beauty, and A Lament based on the ideas most valued by Romantic poets; Love and beauty, and youth and inevitable death. She walks in beauty by Lord Byron

SHE walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that's best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellow'd to that tender light 5 Which heaven to gaudy day denies. One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impair'd the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens o'er her face; 10 Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling–place. And on that cheek, and o'er that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent, The smiles that win, the tints that glow, 15

But tell of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!

She Walks in Beauty is a poem by Lord Byron. Byron was an English poet who spearheaded the second generation of Romantic Poets. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest English poets. This

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Romanticism is a term which is difficult to define. According to Marilyn Butler "English Romanticism is impossible to define with historical precision because the term itself is historically unsound. It is now applied to English writers of the first quarter of the nineteenth century, who did not think of themselves as Romantics. Instead they divided themselves by literary precept and by ideology into several distinct groups, dubbed by their opponents "Lakeists," "Cockneys," Satanists," Scotsmen" (qtd. in Kroeber, Ruoff, 7). Shureteh claims that there are three very crucial essays on Romanticism:

1. On the Discrimination of Romanticisms by Arthur Lovejoy (1924)

2. The Concept of Romanticism in Literary History by Rene Wellek (1949)

3. Toward a Theory of Romanticism by Morse Peckham (1952)...show more content...

The most important aim of this volume was to show the proper way of perception of the surrounding world by a poet. The importance of expression was emphasised, thus the piece of writing should be an example of expressive rather than mimetic art. The nature of poetry was described as "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings". Every human being who wants to be authentic should try to find new forms of expression. One can notice these attempts in Lyrical Ballads (Zbierski, 451). The romantic aesthetic programme included four main points which covered themes and language of works, aims of romantic literature and the structure of romantic poetry which is still influential. The first point of Wordsworthian aesthetic programme is connected with themes of works, i. e. descriptions of day–to–day life of uneducated people, rural orphans, handicapped, (e. g. The Idiot Boy) people who suffered or rejoiced. Wordsworth achieved perfection thanks to interweaving simplicity of the characters and their expressiveness at the same time (Mroczkowski, 311, Zbierski

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Romanticism Essay

Romanticism represents the radical changes witnessed in literature, art, philosophy, and religion during the 18th and 19th centuries. During the period, there were notable shifts from the widely recognized orthodoxy and neoclassicism of the prior times that had been influencing the critical standings in the world. Romanticism consists of three focal objects, emotions, freedom, and imagination. While analyzing the literary works of different authors over the course of time, these items have further been accessorized into typical characteristics. These include integrity, authenticity, subjectivity, focus on personal life rather than the society as a whole, spontaneous thoughts, the superiority of imagination in comparison with reason, beauty, love for nature and individualism. Romanticism also embeds the concept of intellectualism to draw the element of positivity. The ideas of self–consciousness evoke different opinions among authors with critics arguing that romantics are poets who tend to internal everything

Romanticism and Self–Consciousness

The concept of Romanticism gained ground following the 18th–century political revolutions that shook the traditional lives of societies across the globe. In particular, the French revolution that took place in 1789 led to the introduction of multiple changes in the way people lived. Alterations in the ways of thinking became a necessary addition to ensure efficient blending into the new sequences. For these reasons, the term

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Romanticism can be used to describe a time period when poets, painters, essayists and composers increasingly came to view nature itself as the greatest teacher (Sayre 177). Romantic artist believed that the past Classical values of dominance were over. Romanticism believed by a new way of living one where emotion and feeling can into play. Romantics had a very deep and passionate feeling for the beauty of nature and how it corresponds to life. The emotion of the new view of an individual creator, whose creative spirit is more important than strict adherence to formal rules and traditional procedures in romanticism (Britannica). I feel that people felt a time of relief when painting they did not need to feel like they were subject to a certain...show more content...

The last canvas I found is the opposite in a way of the two I talked about. The Consummation of the Empire, I found this picture strange at first, that is why I chose it. Consummation meaning the completion of something, it is representing the finishing of Civilization. The point is nature has been taken over, nature is not the main focus anymore, the big white buildings seem to take over most of the land with lots of people as well. So how does this painting play a role in Romantic times ? Instead of taking what is beautiful out of something bad it does the opposite. This painting takes something that is beautiful, meaning the big white buildings, the clear blue sky and what seems to be a lot of people and makes you realize that nature is more important. In all three of these canvases, it seems that the color and texture play a role in how the artist is trying to explain emotions and how what they have gone through or what they may want to go through can affect their

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Romanticism, Romanticism, in a way, was a reaction against rigid Classicism, Rationalism, and Deism of the eighteenth century. Strongest in application between 1800 and 1850, the Romantic Movement differed from country to country and from romanticist to romanticist. Because it emphasized change it was an atmosphere in which events occurred and came to affect not only the way humans thought and expressed them, but also the way they lived socially and politically (Abrams, M.H. Pg. 13). "Romanticism emphasized the individual, the subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, and the transcendental," (Thompson, E.P. Pg. 108–109). Among thecharacteristic attitudes of Romanticism...show more content...

(Thompson, E.P. Pgs 33–34) The first phase of Romantic Movement was in Germany, which was marked by the innovations in both content and literary style and by a preoccupation with the mystical, the subconscious, and the supernatural. (Abrams, M.H. Pg.68) The most momentous national movement was Germany's. The Germans rebelled not only against Napoleonic rule, but also against the century old upper hand of French civilization. They rebelled not only against the French armies, but also against the philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment. "The years of the French Revolution and Napoleon were, for Germany, the year of it greatest Cultural Efflorescence." (Abrams, M.H. Pg. 73) Germany became the most "romantic" of all countries, and German influence spread throughout Europe.

In the nineteenth century, the Germans came to be widely regarded as intellectual leaders, like the French had been a century before. Most of the German thought had come from nationalism in a broad sense. A wealth of talents, including Friedrich Hölderlin, the early Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Jean Paul, Novalis, Ludwig Tieck, A.W. and Friedrich Schlegel, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, and Friedrich Schelling belong to this first phase. In Revolutionary France, the Vicomte de Chateabriande and Mme de Stael were the chief initiators of Romanticism, by virtue of

"Fill your paper with the breathings of your heart," these are the words of William Wordsworth, an English Romantic Poet that helped pave the way for Romanticism in the early nineteenth century. John Keats and Percy Bysshe Shelley, also English Romantic Poets, were influenced by Wordsworth's works. All are known for their many beautiful and revolutionary poems. They allowed influences of life and their surroundings to contribute to their works of art. The challenges of life create a pathway to creative imagination.

William Wordsworthwas born in Northwest England in 1770. He was orphaned at a young age losing his mother then his father and was sent away to school where he received a good education (Aubrey). While entering adulthood, in...show more content...

During his early school days, he was bullied due to his more pretty rather than handsome looks, because of this he developed a hatred for oppression which lasted a lifetime (O'Connor). The victimization he endured and the social as well as political injustices he observed and read about led him to become a dissident against irresponsible power, recognizing in self–seeking forte and undemanding conformism props to injustice. Having started writing in his teens Shelley first wrote about gothic horror despite his passion to change the world. He commenced in Oxford in early 1810, but was expelled short of a year due to an iconoclasm publication he wrote with Thomas Hogg. It wasn't until 1813 while living in London that his first important poem was published by Thomas Hookham, during this time he also befriended William Goodwin "the primary source of Shelley's egalitarian political thought." (O'Connor). Shelley traveled a bit more after this moving from place to place exploring different types of writing. Then by 1818 he fell into a transformed wordsworthian form of writing with the poems "Hymn to intellectual beauty" and "Mont Blanc." These two poems suggest a nonanthropomorphic something whose influence is behind all things but can only be known secondarily through one's own creative intellect. In 1839 "Peter Bell the Third" was published, a wordsworthian parody by Shelley written in 1819. Having been acquainted with many Get more content

Romanticism The start of the Romantic Age coincided with the start of the French Revolution in 1789. It ends in 1837. Just as the revolution was changing the social order, the romantic poets were taking literature in a whole new direction. The mechanical reason that pervaded the work of the previous era was replaced by strong emotions and a return to nature. Animals and respect for nature were frequently used subjects in works of his period. The first generation of poets included William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Sir Walter Scott. Their primary contribution to literature was with their lyrical ballads. They used the typical romantic themes of respect for nature and all of its creatures. Wordsworth is above all the poet...show more content...

He has raised Luke like a mother raised his son. He has also changed his clothes when Luke was a little boy. When Luke has turned eighteenth, he decided to go to a big city for work, and free his land. Michael takes his son to the mountain valley, and he shows him a work they have done together. Michael tells him that he is going to work without him after he is gone, and he kisses his son and cries. Luke leaves the house in the morning before sunrise. Neighbors wish him good luck, and pray for him as he passes their doors. After some days, his parent receives a letter from their relatives that he is doing very well. Luke writes his parent letters full of amazing news. Months after months, Luke becomes slower in his work and forgets about everything his father told him. He follows wrong path that brings him disgrace and shame. He goes back home, but nothing is same like he left it. He is no more young, he is getting old, and his body strength is not like before. He loses his property, and also the cottage that has named the Evening Star. Everything he owns is gone except the oak tree which still stands.

In conclusion, Michael, who loves his son more than anything, tells his son not to leave them alone; however, Luke goes to a big city, and forgets about the goals he has been told to complete. He brings shame and disgrace to himself, and he loses everything he owns. The Romantic Period corresponds to the 19th century. Marked by the Romantic Get

Romanticism and the Enlightenment can be compared to black and white; completely opposite, yet one cannot exist without the other. During the age of enlightenment we saw an increased focus on Liberty, education, Science and Reason, These factors would play a large role in how enlightened thinkers would view human reason, but a new school of Philosophy known as romanticism would soon emerge. Romanticism would come to question the enlightenment and all that it stood for, they had they own views, and ideologies that differed directly from the thinkers of the enlightenment, and would come to complicate the enlightenments view of Human Reason. John Locke's Of Civil Government set up and conscribed many theory's that would become values of the enlightened thinkers. While Jean–Jacques Rousseau and Johann Wolfgang Geothe would see reason as a factor of corruption in society, while Locke believed that the human need for education, self–improvement, and analytical thinking was a common extension of the state of nature. John Locke became one of the founding fathers of the enlightenment, the foundation of liberalism and a highly influential...show more content... Many romantics believed that the human experience lied far beyond reason. This was a direct answer and rebellion against the enlightenment thinkers. Goethe would come into the picture with his 1774 book The sorrows of young Werther, where he writes and perfectly illustrates, the tortured artist who is over come with emotions and passion, who thinks with very little reason, he writes "A wonderful serenity has taken possession of my entire soul, like these sweet spring morning with I enjoy with all my heart" (195). Generally it takes emphasis off the ideals and current views of human reason that is seen so highly in the

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Introduction

Because we did not do the presentation for The Cultural Dimension of Europe, we now made a make–up assignment. In this make–up assignment we made a discussion paper over romanticism as a way of looking at the world. First we have an introduction about romanticism and then we have four debating points to discuss. Firstly does history repeat itself, focusing at the reaction of romanticism on events in the 18th century to the reaction of romanticism on events nowadays? Secondly is a green world a good world? Thirdly if you are religious, are you a romanticist? And fourthly are politics and the economy created by rationalization?

Body

First an introduction about, romanticism. Romanticism started about 200 years ago. This was the...show more content... But why was nature so important for romanticists? Romanticism and nature are connected because the artists and philosophers of the romantic period emphasized the glory and beauty of nature, and the power of the natural world. Some scholars of romanticism believe that the romanticists treated nature in an almost religious way. Reasons for the development of this strong connection between nature and romanticism include the Industrial Revolution, which led many people to leave rural areas and live in cities, separated from the natural world. In addition, during the 18th and 19th centuries when romanticism was popular, large areas of European and North American wilderness had been tamed, so that it had become generally much safer for people to travel into these areas and observe their natural wonders. The connection between romanticism and nature may have also risen in part as a backlash against the scientific emphasis of enlightenment philosophy, and against the cultural norms of that period. Many romanticist artists, writers, and philosophers believe in the natural world as a source of healthy emotions and ideas. By contrast, the emerging urban, industrialized world was often portrayed as a source of unhealthy emotions, morals, and thoughts. Romanticists such as Henry David Thoreau believed that humans were meant to live in the world of nature, rather than the urban world. The connection between Romanticism and nature was largely formed with this core concept that man's true self can be found in the wilderness, rather than in the

Romanticism was a movement in art and literature that started in the late 18th century and continued throughout the 19th century in Europe and America. The movement rebelled against classicism. The basic idea in Romanticism is that reason cannot explain everything. This in contrast to the Age of Enlightenment, which focused more on scientific and rational thinking, Romantics searched for deeper appeals, emotional directness of personal experience and visionary relationship to imagination and aspiration. Romantics favoured more natural, emotional and personal artistic themes. Some of the most notable writers of Romanticism were Mary Shelley,Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Victor Hugo, Jean–Jacques Rousseau, and Friedrich von Schiller....show more content...

There meets Victor weakened by cold in a sledge. In the play, victor compares the landscapes of Orkney with that of his native country as distinct. He describes Orkney as cold and rough whereas Switzerland was colorful and lively. He explains the beauty of nature in his words as "It was a most beautiful season; never did the fields bestow a more plentiful harvest or the vines yield a more luxuriant vintage, but my eyes were insensible to the charms of nature". Frankenstein is clearly a romantic novel striving against the traditional boundaries. Victor was involved in developing a monster against the advice of his professors. He was trying to be a perfect scientist. Not only Victor, the monster character too was portrayed to strive against the traditional boundaries by trying to make a connection with the human world and with other living beings. Because the monster could not succeed in making that connection, it was asking Victor to create another monster for its company. The author makes the characters to show deep desire and emotions even though those are not achievable which are romantic.

Les Miserables is a characteristic romantic work in both theme and form. In theme the novel assaults the traditional social structure, glorifies freedom of thought and spirit, and makes a hero of the average individual. In this novel the several characters were portrayed as heros. It follows the lives and interactions of several French

Romanticism And Romanticism

In Anna Karenina, Vintage Tolstoy said, "He stepped down, trying not to look long at her, as if she were the sun, yet he saw her, like the sun, even without looking." If he tags a girl likes the sun, which means he is not seeing anything else, seeing nothing but only that girl in his eyes. Just a few short words that have great train wreck coming and only those who are always delusions of love frantically, can claw up such that verse. With a person who always adores love and follows the feeling like me, the Romantic era got me in.

The major strides give people a better understanding of the human person – the central figure of art, a better understanding of the relationship between human– nature, and also –society. In this context appeared more likely, many artistic movements, what's includingRomanticism, are present in the field of literature, painting, music... Romanticism comes from the romances of medieval times, which to refer to knights, heroes, and distant lands, unfinished love ... It's the result of emotional expression, subjective mood of the people, by reflecting the dreams and aspirations of ordinary people should rise above reality.

The "Wuthering Height" by Emily Bronte is a diamond in the treasures of English literature. At the beginning of thenovel, it was a little sleepy and we would see some strange things in the house with Heathcliff, who was a very understanding person. However, a little chapter later, we would become increasingly drawn into the novel.

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Romanticism Soaked in sweat, I finally finished a mile run around the neighborhood. While grasping for air, my neighbor Kayla must have noticed that I took my daily run. She decided to bring me a bottle of water and converse a little while. One of the things we discuss was how I have been up multiple nights reading for all four of my classes that I have been taking this semester. Kayla was very shocked that I decided to enroll in British literature knowing that I strongly dislike the language difference. After listening to me vent about my semester, she was very interested on what I learned about the romantic era. I wasn't aware that Kayla found British literature interesting especially romantic novels and poems. There are three important...show more content...

"I imagine not that 'tis a new Thing to you, to be told, you are the greatest Charm in Nature to our Sex: I shall therefore, not to fill up my Letter with any impertinent Praises on your Wit or Person, only tell you, that I am infinite in Love with both, and if you have a Heart not too deeply engag'd, should think myself the happiest of my Sex in being capable of inspiring it with some Tenderness" (Haywood 281). The narrator of the story explained how the original character disguised herself in order for her lover to have the same affection she had for him. During the romantic era writers portrayed this type of force often when an individual was rejected. It raises thoughts of the rejection being a primary factor during the eighteenth century. Secondly, nature play a huge role in the romantic era literature. During this time writers used nature to describe things from a different perspective. Margaret Cavendish "Song by Lady Happy, as a Sea–Goddess" uses the environment throughout the poem. This poem explains how loneliness can cause you to become desperate in ways that are unexplainable. The narrative of this poem is a women who is alone on an island or area surrounded by water, she uses siren in order to lure people in. Cavendish portray the fishes as the individuals the narrator lure in from the sea. "On silver waves I sit and sing, And then the fish lie listening: then resting on a rocky stone I comb my hair with fishes bone" (Cavendish 5–8). Once the

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Even today, man finds himself asking, "What is beautiful?" Many would point to nature when prompted with such a question; however, few realize that a similar question was posed and a similar answer given back in Romantic Great Britain, but to a whole new degree. British Romanticism was a reaction against technology as well as a cry to turn back to the beauty of nature, and its advocating troops held no more than a pen and paper in hand (Lorcher). Authors of the Romantic era used literature to open the eyes of a society bogged down by the chaos and clutter of everyday life, and the ideas that they promoted still affect man to this very day. The Romantic Movement spans approximately from 1783 to 1832 (Bernbaum). This was a time of...show more content... a change from a mechanical conception of the world to an enthusiastic religion of nature, from rational virtue to emotional sensibility, from ... egoism to humanitarian benevolence, from realism to optimism, from acceptance of things as they are to faith in progress, from contentment with urban civilization to sentimental primitivism. (Bush 43) Romantics protested strongly to the "contemporary evils" of their time, such as poverty and warfare (Bernbaum xxvii). They believed that such atrocities existed because there were still men in the world motivated by greed and pride. But they did not let this knowledge force them into a state of despondency; instead, they looked forward to the future, when such things might improve (Bernbaum). Romantics hoped that one day man's imagination would awaken and life could be what it was meant to be: "free, natural, beautiful, and humane" (Bernbaum xxvii). This desire for a natural life came from the Romantic's love and admiration of nature. To him, nature was "emotionally expressive" and the only real source of peace (Lorcher). Romantics discovered truth, virtue, and beauty not by routine examination, but by moments of inspiration in which they could see something for what it truly was (Bernbaum). They did not experience such inspiration by focusing on the exterior, the everyday affairs of mundane life; instead, they focused on the interior (Bernbaum). This is why man's imagination Get more content

Throughout history there have been many critics that believe literary movements arise out of rebellions against the literature of the present era. While they are not entirely wrong, it is more reasonable to believe that realism, as well as Naturalism was a rebellious reaction to the traits of the Romantic Movements. These rebels began to write more stories that had traits that included, but were not limited to: greed, lust, and confusion. Realist writers were rebelling against the stories that would often include themes of honor, chivalry, and service due to the fact that they didn't believe they depicted what real life was like for the average working man. When understanding the origins of Romanticism, the two major schools of Romanticism, and the origins of Realism, it is more believable that Realism was a rebellious reaction of the Romantic Movement. Romanticism was an intellectual movement that involved specific types of musical, artistic, and literary elements in each project. Romanticism had first been recognized in Europe towards more of the end of the 18th century and was at it's peak from 1800's to 1850's. Romanticism was most known for its characteristics that had put a large emphasis on individualism and and emotion. One quote from the Romanticism packet of stories that supports this idea of individualism can be found in the passage titled, The Devil and Tom Walker, towards the beginning of the piece. The passage states, "They lived in a forlorn–looking house

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Romanticism In Literature

Romanticism in literature, began around 1750 and lasted until 1870. Different from the classical ways of Neoclassical Age(1660–1798), it relied on imagination, idealization of nature and freedom of thought and expression.

Two men who influenced the era with their writings were William Wordsworth and SamuelTaylor Coleridge, both English poets of the time. Their edition of "Lyrical Ballads';, stressed the importance of feeling and imagination. Thus in romantic Literature the code was imagination over reason, emotion over logic, and finally intuition over science. All of these new ways discouraged and didn't tolerate the more classic way of literature. Other significant writers of the...show more content...

References to this can be found in "Ode to Evening'; by William Collins, and "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard'; by Thomas Gray.

With the freedom that Romanticism brought came the broadening of the writers horizons. The Middle Ages became topic of many stories and settings. The nostalgia of more Gothic times put more exotic ideas into the author's minds. The supernatural became a substantial part of the literature.

Outcomes of this new idea were "Lines Written a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey';, by Wordsworth, and "The Castle of Otranto';, written by Horace Walpole.

The world of the supernatural and exoticness was reinforced by two main things. One was pure rebellion against the standards of the eighteenth–century rationalism, such as the structure of neoclassical society. The second was the rediscovery of folk tales and ballads, particularly the ones collected by Facob and Wilhelm Karl Grimm, also know as the Brothers Grimm. These gave an inspiration to write many of the pieces of a supernatural nature for the writers of the Romantic Age.

The Romantic Age started to lose it's glitter by the middle of the nineteenth–century. Literature started to get serious again focusing on issues such as problems of religion and faith and politics of the English democracy. Now instead of journeying to mythical places through the reading people Get

Romanticism

"In spite of its representation of potentially diabolical and satanic powers, its historical and geographic location and its satire on extreme Calvinism, James Hogg's Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner proves to be a novel that a dramatises a crisis of identity, a theme which is very much a Romantic concern." Discuss.

Examination of Romantic texts provides us with only a limited and much debated degree of commonality. However despite the disparity of Romanticism (or Romanticisms) as a movement it would be true to say that a prevalent aspect of Romantic literature that unites many different forms of the movement, is a concern with the divided self. As the empirical Rationalism of the eighteenth century was...show more content... Griffiths agrees that the "central distinctive feature of Romanticism is the search for a reconciliation between the inner vision and the outer experience." Duncan Wu asserts that Romantic texts are often concerned with "division..and reunion between the body and the spirit." (Wu, xvii). David Oakleaf specifically applies this theme to Confessions identifying it as Robert Wringhim's "refusal to accept himself as both a spiritual and corporeal creature." (Oakleaf, 27).

It is worth noting that Hogg himself felt somewhat torn between his traditional "spiritual" side and his intellectual "corporeal" side. We shall see that this is a biographical detail of Hogg's life that spills over considerably in his depiction of a crisis of identity in Confessions.

It is also worth remembering that what is conveniently termed the "Romantic period" was one of great social and political division. Britain itself was undergoing a societal "crisis of identity" catalysed by the industrial revolution, increased literacy and the noble beginnings of the French Revolution. As a result the literature of the age reflected this on a number of levels both overt and covert; tangible and spiritual.

In the Scotland of Confessions almost everything is at odds with everything else. It is fraught with historical, religious and familial divisions and, more substantially, divisions of identity. Although Scottish religious and political history provides an effective

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Romanticism

Romanticism is a movement in the arts that flourished in Europe and America throughout much of the 19th century from the period of the French revolution in 1789. Romantic artists' glorified nature, idealized the past, and celebrated the divinity of creation. There is a fundamental emphasis on freedom of self expression, sincerity, spontaneity and originality. The movement rebelled against classicism, and artists turned to sources of inspiration for subject matter and artistic style. Their treatment of subject was emotional rather than reasonable, intuitive rather than analytical. Among other Romantics, the focus on the human being was manifested in a fascination with the eerie and exotic and with the effects of guilt, ...show more content...

This extended chronological spectrum (1770–1870) also permits recognition as Romantic the poetry of Robert Burns and William Blake in England, the early writings of Goethe and Schiller in Germany, and the great period of influence for Rousseau's writings throughout Europe. The early Romantic period thus coincides with what is often called the "age of revolutions" including, of course, the American (1776) and the French (1789) revolutions an age of upheavals in political, economic, and social traditions, the age which witnessed the initial transformations of the Industrial Revolution. A revolutionary energy was also at the core ofRomanticism, which quite consciously set out to transform not only the theory and practice of poetry (and all art), but the very way we perceive the world.

The romantic period emphasized the self, creativity, imagination and the value of art. This is in contrast to the Enlightenment emphasis on Rationalism and Empiricism.

It roots can be found in the work of Jean–Jacques Rousseau and Immanuel Kant. Philosophers and writers associated with the Romantic Movement include Johann Wolfgang von Goethe(1749–1832), Freidrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling (1775–1854), and George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

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