BIONOTICIAS 3ª semana de noviembre 2024

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BioNoticias

3ª semana de noviembre 2024

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BioNoticias. Resumen de prensa semanal

Elaborado por la Biblioteca de Biología. Universidad de Salamanca

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Biología

Un pájaro de la era de los dinosaurios revela las raíces de la inteligencia aviar

Algunas aves, como los cuervos, son conocidos por su inteligencia para resolver problemas.

Las emisiones de CO2 alcanzarán los 41.600 millones de toneladas en 2024

Las emisiones totales de CO2, que incluyen las emisiones fósiles y las derivadas del cambio de uso del suelo, alcanzarán los 41.600 millones de toneladas este año, un nuevo récord que muestra que el mundo aún no ha llegado al pico de contaminación.

Creada la primera cartografía precisa de las inundaciones provocadas por la DANA

Una investigación coordinada por la profesora del departamento de Geografía de la Universitat de València Carmen Zornoza ha elaborado la cartografía de las inundaciones provocadas DANA del pasado 29 de octubre.

Más del 40 % de las especies de coral se enfrentan a la extinción

El estado de conservación de 892 especies de corales que forman los arrecifes de aguas cálidas ha sido reevaluado para la Lista Roja de la UICN.

Las sorprendentes habilidades de los elefantes con las mangueras

El uso de herramientas no es exclusivo de los humanos.

Identifican 175 especies de plantas invasoras en el noroeste de la península

Una investigación liderada por la Universidad de Oviedo ha identificado 175 especies de plantas invasoras en la región IberoAtlántica, una área biogeográfica que incluye el arco atlántico, que abarca Galicia, Asturias, el norte de Castilla y León, el País Vasco y el norte de Portugal.

Los chimpancés realizan mejor las tareas informáticas difíciles si tienen público

Los seres humanos prestamos mucha atención a cómo nos ven los demás y damos importancia a las valoraciones de nuestros iguales.

Comienza la COP29 con una llamada para elevar la meta de financiación climática

En la apertura de la cumbre, la mayor cita mundial para debatir sobre cambio climático, ha participado además del presidente de la anterior cumbre en Dubái (COP28), el sultán Ahmed Al-Jaber, el secretario ejecutivo de la ONU para el cambio climático, Simon Stiell.

La ciencia detrás del mecanismo de sacudida de los perros

Un equipo de la Universidad de Harvard (EE UU) han estudiado en ratones el mecanismo de sacudida, un reflejo común a muchos mamíferos peludos diseñado para expulsar agua y parásitos.

El 2024 será el año más cálido y el primero por encima de 1,5 °C

El Servicio Copernicus de Cambio Climático (C3S), puesto en marcha por el Centro Europeo de Predicción Meteorológica a Medio Plazo en nombre de la Comisión Europea, publica mensualmente boletines que informan sobre los cambios observados en las temperaturas globales del aire y el mar en superficie, la cubierta de hielo marino y las variables hidrológicas.

¿Qué hizo a la DANA tan destructiva? Factores ambientales y humanos

Los expertos apuntan desde hace tiempo a un incremento de las crecidas fluviales intensas y repentinas en las ramblas.

How plants evolved multiple ways to override genetic instructions

Biologists have investigated the inner workings of DNA methylation in plants.

Research finds coyotes thriving despite human and predator pressures

Research sheds light on how coyotes, North America's most successful predators, are responding to various environmental pressures, including human development, hunting and competition with larger carnivores.

A new approach to modeling complex biological systems

Biological engineers developed a computational approach to extracting useful information from large biological datasets.

Hydrogels harness sunlight: A step closer to artificial photosynthesis

Researchers designed bioinspired hydrogels capable of using sunlight to produce hydrogen and oxygen from water.

Scientists trained AI to detect faces in pain, in goats

An AI model could accurately identify goats in pain, opening up better treatment opportunities for animals and non-verbal patients.

Research reveals how stormy conditions affect albatrosses' ability to feed

Researchers used biologging technology to analyse movements, activity patterns and eating habits of two species of Southern Ocean albatrosses to see how they responded to extreme weather.

New insights into the Denisovans: New hominin group that interbred with modern day humans

Scientists believe individuals of the most recently discovered 'hominin' group (the Denisovans) that interbred with modern day humans passed on some of their genes via multiple, distinct interbreeding events that helped shape early human history.

Scarlet Macaw parents 'play favorites,' purposefully neglect younger chicks

Researchers have discovered that scarlet macaws purposefully neglect feeding the youngest chicks in most broods, even when resources are plentiful.

Insect-killing fungi find unexpected harmony in war

A new study reveals that two strains of pathogenic fungi unexpectedly divide insect victims amongst themselves rather than aggressively compete for resources.

New study maps dramatic 100million-year explosion in color signals used by animals

A recent study finds that color vision evolved in animals more than 100 million years before the emergence of colorful fruits and flowers.

GPS system for microorganisms could revolutionize police work

A research team developed an AI tool that traces back the most recent places you have been to.

Study of mountaineering mice sheds light on evolutionary adaptation

Highland deer mice and their lowland cousins ventured on a simulated seven-week ascent to 6,000 meters.

How plants grow thicker, not just taller

Using a computer model that reveals how plants grow thicker over time, biologists have uncovered how cells are activated to produce wood tissue.

Secret behind the corpse flower's famous stench

A new study on titan arum commonly known as the corpse flower for its smell like rotting flesh uncovers fundamental genetic pathways and biological mechanisms that produce heat and odorous chemicals when the plant blooms.

First amber find on the Antarctic continent

Roughly 90 million years ago, climatic conditions in Antarctica were suitable for resin-producing trees.

Defense or growth -- How plants allocate resources

The more a plant species invests in defense, the less potential it has for growth, according to a study.

The Shellowship of the Ring: Two new snail species named after Tolkien characters

Researchers have named two newly discovered freshwater snail species from Brazil after characters from The Lord of the Rings.

Facing the wind: How trees behave across various forest settings and weather events

A recent study on Cryptomeria japonica plots shows that trees dissipate wind energy by switching between two swaying behaviors at specific wind speeds, offering insights that may help in improved forest management to minimize damage caused by storms.

In greening Arctic, caribou and muskoxen play key role

A new study highlights the importance of caribou and muskoxen to the greening Arctic tundra, linking grazing with plant phenology and abundance in the Arctic tundra.

A new wrinkle in turtles: Their genomes fold in a unique way, researchers find

A study described the threedimensional architecture of turtle genomes, which fold in a configuration unlike any other animal observed so far.

A new paradigm in high-speed photoacoustic small animal wholebody imaging

A team develops high-speed rotational scanning PACT system for monitoring whole-body biodynamic.

A milestone in the study of octopus arms

Research describes a computational model that captures the intricate muscular architecture of an octopus arm.

Sleep is no light matter for bees

Disrupted sleep cycles are a well known concern for human health and function, and now researchers have found similar impacts on insects.

Bulges calculated in the supercomputer: How cells digest their internal canal system

Inside cells, there exists an extensive system of canals known as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which consists of membrane-encased tubes that are partially broken down as needed -- for instance in case of a nutrient deficiency.

Remarkable new swimming sea slug in the deep sea

Researchers have discovered a remarkable new species of sea slug that lives in the deep sea.

The mystery of 'selfish' B chromosomes in rye solved

Some chromosomes, such as B chromosomes, can increase their inheritance rate to their own advantage.

Young coral use metabolic tricks to resist bleaching

Coral larvae reduce their metabolism and increase nitrogen uptake to resist bleaching in high temperatures, according to a new study.

More evidence that Europe's ancient landscapes were open woodlands: Oak, hazel and yew were abundant

A new study finds that the disturbance-demanding plant species oak, hazel and yew were abundant in Europe's forests before modern humans arrived, strengthening the argument that ancient vegetation was not the shady closed-canopy forests often imagined.

On the origin of life: How the first cell membranes came to exist

Few questions have captivated humankind more than the origin of life on Earth.

Biomedicina

From pets to pests: Researchers explore new tool to fight diseasecarrying insects

Researchers are testing a product commonly used to treat ticks and fleas on pets to target fly and mosquito larvae with the goal of helping reduce the spread of diseases carried by these insects.

Organ donation: Opt-out defaults do not increase donation rates, study finds

A recent study shows that switching to an opt-out organ donation policy, where all adults are presumed organ donors unless they explicitly opt out, does not increase donations from deceased donors.

How to reduce social media stress by leaning in instead of logging off Young people's mental health may depend on how they use social media, rather than how much time they spend using it.

Bioluminescent proteins made from scratch enable non-invasive, multifunctional biological imaging

Completely artificial proteins that produce bioluminescence can serve as a non-invasive method for bioimaging, diagnostics, drug discovery, and more.

We may be overestimating the association between gut bacteria and disease, machine learning study finds

Many bacterial-linked illnesses, such as inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer, are associated with an overgrowth of gut bacteria thought to be bad actors.

Lab-grown human immune system uncovers weakened response in cancer patients

These miniature immune system models known as human immune organoids mimic the real-life environment where immune cells learn to recognize and attack harmful invaders and respond to vaccines.

Time alone heightens 'threat alert' in teenagers -- even when connecting on social media

Scientists detect a heightened 'threat vigilance' reaction in adolescents after a few hours of isolation, which socializing online doesn't appear to ameliorate.

Immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab improves outcomes for patients with soft tissue sarcoma

Addition of the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab to standard of care for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma of the limb significantly improved disease-free survival, according to the results of the SU2C-SARC032 clinical trial.

New study links air pollution with higher rates of head and neck cancer

A recent study correlates higher levels of pollutant particulate matter to higher occurrences of head and neck aerodigestive cancer.

Synthetic cells emulate natural cellular communication

A research team has succeeded in synthesizing simple, environmentally sensitive cells complete with artificial organelles.

Grabbing pizza with coworkers isn't just fun -- it could boost your teamwork skills

Forming memories around shared experiences, whether something fun like grabbing a pizza or as emotionally straining as an employee strike, has a way of binding people together.

Study show the effectiveness of a portable EKG patch

Research shows that a newlydeveloped wireless EKG patch is as accurate, if not more accurate, than results from traditional EKG machines.

Updated guidance reaffirms CPR with breaths essential for cardiac arrest following drowning

The American Heart Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics update recommendations for untrained lay rescuers and trained rescuers resuscitating adults and children who have drowned.

Novel calculator predicts risk of epilepsy after rare stroke

A practical calculator predicts the risk of epilepsy after venous stroke.

Glioblastoma: New treatment attacks brain tumors from multiple angles

Glioblastoma is the most common kind of malignant brain tumor in adults.

Debunked: Children aren't quicker at picking up new motor skills than adults

Contrary to popular belief, children aren't better at learning new skills than adults.

Blood vessel-like coating could make medical devices safer for patients Researchers have developed a groundbreaking coating that could make medical devices safer for millions of patients, reducing the risks associated with blood clots and dangerous bleeding.

Early treatment for nerve tumors prevents serious problems, study finds

Small cranial nerve tumors that can cause hearing loss, vertigo and ringing in the ears are often watched rather than treated, but a new study is set to change how the tumors, called vestibular schwannomas, are managed.

Using personal care products during and after pregnancy can increase exposure to toxic chemicals

For people who are pregnant or nursing, more use of personal care products is associated with higher detectable levels of synthetic chemicals known to have adverse health effects, a new study found.

Cognitive decline and loneliness linked in older adults over short time periods

Loneliness and cognitive performance were related in the short term for older adults, according to a new study.

Researchers suggest stress hormones explain how obesity causes diabetes

Obesity causes insulin resistance by increasing activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the release of the stress hormone norepinephrine, according to a new study.

Combination approach shows promise for treating rare, aggressive cancers

A research team has shown that that combining pembrolizumab, an immunotherapy drug, with standard chemotherapy can improve treatment outcomes for patients with small cell bladder cancer and small cell/neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

'Sleepy cannabis': Cannabinol increases sleep, study suggests

Research shows that a nonhallucinogenic marijuana constituent increases both REM and non-REM sleep in rats.

Super microscope shows nanoscale biological process for the first time

A new microscope is capable of live imaging of biological processes in such detail that moving protein complexes are visible.

Protein degradation strategy offers new hope in cancer therapy

A team of scientists has used a novel approach to identify protein degraders that target Pin1, a protein involved in pancreatic cancer development.

DNA packaging directly affects how fast DNA is copied in cells

Researchers have found that the way DNA is packaged in cells can directly impact how fast DNA itself is copied during cell division.

'Moonlighting' enzymes can lead to new cancer therapies

Researchers reveal that metabolic enzymes known for their roles in energy production and nucleotide synthesis are taking on unexpected 'second jobs' within the nucleus, orchestrating critical functions like cell division and DNA repair.

One genomic test can diagnose nearly any infection

A genomic test developed by researchers to rapidly detect almost any kind of pathogen virus, bacteria, fungus or parasite has proved successful after a decade of use.

Researchers develop nanofiber patch for treatment of psoriasis

Researchers have developed a patch for easier and more effective treatment of psoriasis.

Using CRISPR to decipher whether gene variants lead to cancer

Researchers have combined two gene editing methods.

Researchers identify a potential biomarker of Parkinson's disease progression

Researchers have identified a potential biomarker of Parkinson's disease progression.

Adequate sleep significantly reduces the risk of hypertension in adolescents

Adolescents who meet the recommended guidelines of nine to 11 hours of sleep per day were shown to have a significantly lower risk of hypertension, according to a study.

Fear of another heart attack may be a major source of ongoing stress for survivors

Fear of another heart attack was a significant ongoing contributor to how heart attack survivors perceive their health, according to a study.

Age-related health decline a predictor of future dementia risk

A new study has found frailty increases a person's risk of dementia, but early intervention may be the key to prevention.

La doble vida de las enzimas metabólicas

Investigadoras del Centro de Regulación Genómica (CRG) revelan que las enzimas metabólicas, conocidas por su papel en la producción de energía y la síntesis de nucleótidos, están asumiendo un segundo empleo dentro del núcleo.

While more is better, even moderate amounts of exercise may reduce risk for common heart condition

Adding an extra hour every week of physical activity may lower the chance of developing the most common type of irregular heartbeat (arrythmia) by 11%, a study shows.

New option for treating prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide.

Tumor suppressor forms gel-like assemblies to sacrifice cancer cells Scientists uncovered a previously unrecognized tumor suppression mechanism through the study of condensates and ribosome formation.

Pandemic-era increase in alcohol use persists, research shows A new finds that heavy drinking among adult Americans increased more than 20 percent during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic and continued for the following two years.

Consistent bedtime linked with better child emotion and behavior regulation

A consistent bedtime may be more important to a child's ability to control their emotions and behavior than the duration or quality of their sleep, according to a new publication.

Asthma may place children at risk of memory difficulties

Asthma is associated with memory difficulties in children, and early onset of asthma may exacerbate memory deficits, according to a new study.

International canine gene research database accelerates biomedical research

A new database covering over 100 different canine tissues can significantly enhance our understanding of hereditary diseases and provide valuable information for health research in both dogs and humans.

Study reveals best timing for getting the RSV vaccine during pregnancy to protect newborns

Current guidelines recommend that pregnant people receive a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) which typically causes mild, cold-like symptoms in most adults but can be deadly for infants -during weeks 32-36 of pregnancy.

Bystander CPR up to 10 minutes after cardiac arrest may protect brain function

The sooner a lay rescuer (bystander) starts cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on a person having a cardiac arrest at home or in public, up to 10 minutes after the arrest, the better the chances of survival and brain protection, according to an analysis of nearly 200,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in the U.S. from 2013 to 2022.

A causal theory for studying the cause-and-effect relationships of genes

Researchers developed theoretical foundations for methods that could identify the best way to aggregate genes into modules and efficiently learn the underlying cause-andeffect relationships among them.

AI can detect serious neurologic changes in babies in the NICU using video data alone

Study findings could serve as a foundation for broader neuromonitoring applications across intensive care units globally.

Scientists use microcellular drones to deliver lung cancer-killing drugs

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded with customizable anti-cancer antisense oligonucleotides suppressed cancer growth.

'Emotional contagion' a factor in seniors' mental health

A new study finds that seniors who tend to mirror other people's feelings are more likely to show signs of being anxious or depressed themselves.

Study leads the way to early detection and treatment of aggressive prostate cancer

Scientists uncover functionality of a genetic variant in the prostate specific antigen (PSA) gene to improve the current diagnostic test to help distinguish aggressive from non-aggressive prostate cancers.

Patients may become unnecessarily depressed by common heart medicine

All patients who have had a heart attack are typically treated using beta blockers.

Researchers uncover new role of mutant proteins in some of the deadliest cancers

Researchers have discovered a new way in which RAS genes, which are commonly mutated in cancer, may drive tumor growth beyond their well-known role in signaling at the cell surface.

Finding function for noncoding RNAs using a new kind of CRISPR

Genes contain instructions for making proteins, and a central dogma of biology is that this information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins.

Histonas para frenar las infecciones bacterianas

Los antibióticos han salvado millones de vidas de las enfermedades infecciosas, siendo considerados uno de los descubrimientos más relevantes del siglo XX.

Experiences of discrimination linked to postpartum weight retention

Researchers have been unable to explain why after giving birth, Black patients are two to three times as likely to retain or gain additional weight compared to their white counterparts, even when prepregnancy weight and gestationalweight trajectories are comparable.

Older adult prostate cancer patients are increasingly being overtreated Increasing percentages of some older U.S. men with intermediate-risk and high-risk prostate cancers are undergoing treatments that carry risks of side effects that can significantly reduce the quality of life without extending life, according to a new study.

New antibody could be promising cancer treatment

Researchers have developed a new form of precision medicine, an antibody, with the potential to treat several types of cancer.

Signals from the gut could transform rheumatoid arthritis treatment

Changes in the gut microbiome before rheumatoid arthritis is developed could provide a window of opportunity for preventative treatments, new research suggests.

Robot that watched surgery videos performs with skill of human doctor, researchers report

A robot, trained for the first time by watching videos of seasoned surgeons, executed the same surgical procedures as skillfully as the human doctors, say researchers.

10 percent of children in highburden tuberculosis settings may develop the disease by age 10

A new study has assessed TB infection and active TB disease during children's first decade of life in high-burden settings.

Do no harm: Researchers help doctors identify words they should never say to patients

Seriously ill patients and family members face intense emotional suffering, and researchers, say clinicians must engage in 'compassionate communication' as part of the treatment process.

Dog-owner interaction is reflected in heart rate variability

A recent study showed that the heart rate variability of a dog and its owner adapt to each other during interaction.

Study links liver-brain communication to daily eating patterns

People who work the nightshift or odd hours and eat at irregular times are more prone to weight gain and diabetes, likely due to eating patterns not timed with natural daylight and when people typically eat.

New take on immunotherapy reinvigorates T cells by blocking uptake of energy-sapping cancer byproducts

Blocking a protein that imports lactic acid, a metabolic byproduct of cancer cells, reinvigorated exhausted T cells and led to improved tumor control in mouse models of cancer, according to a new study that describes how shutting off T cell access to inhibitory metabolites could be a promising new approach to cancer immunotherapy.

New study traces impact of COVID19 pandemic on global movement and evolution of seasonal flu Increased capabilities for genomic surveillance have offered new insights into global viral evolution.

Personalized cancer care

More than half of midlands-based cancer patients whose genomes were successfully sequenced through the 100,000 Genomes Project.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria could pose major health threat across Asia

A virulent new strain of antibioticresistant bacteria that causes severe disease could be spreading widely across Asia posing significant challenges to global public health.

One gene provides diagnoses for 30 patients whose condition was unexplained for years

An international team of researchers has provided a genetic diagnosis for 30 individuals whose condition was undiagnosed for years despite extensive clinical or genetic testing.

Elite coaches see compassion as a path to better performance

The potential of using compassion as a tool in elite sport is high, both for the individual athlete and in terms of sporting results, a study involving high-performance coaches shows.

New haptic patch transmits complexity of touch to the skin

Thin, flexible device could help people with visual impairments 'feel' surroundings.

Groundbreaking research unlocks precision therapy for drug-resistant leukaemia

Scientists investigated how an inherited genetic variation common among East Asians contributes to drug resistance in cancer cells, driving more aggressive cancer growth.

Flagship AI-ready dataset released in type 2 diabetes study

Researchers today are releasing the flagship dataset from an ambitious study of biomarkers and environmental factors that might influence the development of type 2 diabetes.

Key pathway leading to neurodegeneration in early stages of ALS identified

Researchers identify a key pathway leading to neurodegeneration in early stages of ALS, hinting at the potential for short-circuiting the progression of the fatal disease if diagnosed early.

Current test accommodations for students with blindness do not fully address their needs

Researchers in Japan have demonstrated that the current accommodations for examinees with blindness for examinations such as those related to admissions are inadequate, particularly for examinations requiring the reading of complex tables.

School suspensions and expulsions can lead to a lifetime of depression, study finds

A new study shows that children who are suspended or expelled from school report higher rates of depression in adolescence and into adulthood.

SARS-CoV-2 'steals' our proteins to protect itself from the immune system

Researchers have discovered that SARS-CoV-2 hijacks three important host proteins that dampen the activity of the complement system, a key component of early antiviral immunity.

New medical AI tool identifies more cases of long COVID from patient health records

Researchers have developed a new precision AI tool to identify hidden cases of long COVID from patient medical records.

Memories are not only in the brain, new research finds

It's common knowledge that our brains -- and, specifically, our brain cells store memories.

Prevalence of unrecognized cognitive impairment in socially and economically vulnerable older adults is high

One of the first studies to investigate the prevalence of unrecognized cognitive impairment among patients seen at Federally Qualified Health Centers, has found that it is ubiquitous, especially among minoritized older adults.

Plastic device aids robot-assisted heart surgery

A team has developed a plastic surgical field expansion plate that can help surgeons during robotassisted heart surgery.

Researchers develop robotic sensory cilia that monitor internal biomarkers to detect and assess airway diseases

Mechanical engineers have developed a system of artificial cilia capable of monitoring mucus conditions in human airways to better detect infection, airway obstruction, or the severity of diseases like Cystic Fibrosis (CF), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) and lung cancer.

Vivir desastres naturales como una DANA durante el embarazo afecta al desarrollo cerebral de los recién nacidos

Una revisión sistemática realizada por científicos de la Universidad de Granada (UGR), basada en una muestra de más de 1,3 millones de madres y recién nacidos en diferentes países como Estados Unidos, China, Chile, Canadá, Australia e India, determina que la exposición materna a desastres naturales se asocia a un peor desarrollo cerebral en los recién nacidos.

Researchers make glioblastoma cells visible to attacking immune cells

Researchers have identified a possible way to make glioblastoma cells vulnerable to different types of immunotherapy.

Study identifies hip implant materials with the lowest risk of needing revision

Hip implants with a delta ceramic or oxidized zirconium head and highly crosslinked polyethylene liner or cup had the lowest risk of revision during the 15 years after surgery, a new study has found.

Disruption of visual stability

A research team has been investigating the question of how we perceive a stable environment despite constant eye movements.

Sewage surveillance proves powerful in combating antimicrobial resistance

Sewage surveillance is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against antimicrobial resistance with the potential to protect vulnerable communities more effectively.

Why some patients don't respond well to wet macular degeneration treatment

A new study explains not only why some patients with wet age-related macular degeneration (or 'wet' AMD) fail to have vision improvement with treatment, but also how an experimental drug could be used with existing wet AMD treatments to save vision.

Research shows caterpillar fungus can slow down growth of cancer cells

New research into a chemical produced by a caterpillar fungus that has shown promise as a possible cancer treatment has revealed how it interacts with genes to interrupt cell growth signals.

Does more virtual care mean more low-value care? Study suggests no One of the top worries about telehealth is that it will drive up the use of tests and scans that patients don't need, wasting money and resources.

What makes human culture unique? Why is human culture -- the shared body of knowledge passed down across generations so much more powerful than animal cultures?

New study sheds light on the role of sound and music in gendered toy marketing

New research reveals that the music and soundscapes used in toy commercials are reinforcing rigid gender norms, shaping the way children perceive masculinity and femininity.

Nasal swab tests predict COVID-19 disease severity, study finds New research is providing a more precise prediction of COVID-19 severity that can be found by looking at autoantibodies in the nasal cavity, leading to more personalized treatment plans.

Detecting evidence of lung cancer in exhaled breath

Exhaled breath contains chemical clues to what's going on inside the body, including diseases like lung cancer.

New study challenges social media's mental health impact

A new study has challenged the perception heavy social media use has a significant impact on mental health, finding little to no relationship between the two.

Very early medication abortion is effective and safe, study finds Clinics and hospitals currently defer medication abortion until ultrasound confirms a pregnancy inside the uterus.

Mice tails whip up new insights into balance and neurodegenerative disease research

Why do mice have tails? The answer to this is not as simple as you might think.

Pathogens which cling to microplastics may survive wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment fails to kill several human pathogens when they hide out on microplastics in the water, according to a new study.

Study expands understanding of how fecal microbiota transplants may work to restore gut health

In a study that identified male chromosome genetic material in the intestines of female patients undergoing fecal transplants, researchers say they have significantly expanded scientific understanding of how some of these transplants may succeed and work.

Vitamin D during pregnancy boosts children's bone health even at age seven

Children whose mothers took extra vitamin D during pregnancy continue to have stronger bones at age seven, according to research.

Astrocitos: nuestra memoria no es solo cosa de las neuronas

Cuando se hablaba de memoria, hasta ahora en el mundo académico predominaba la idea de que conjuntos específicos de neuronas, denominados engramas, se activaban con el aprendizaje y almacenaban los recuerdos para posteriormente rememorar lo aprendido en cada experiencia relevante.

Effects of preterm birth extend into adulthood, study finds

By analyzing all live births in Canada over a six-year period and following children for more than two decades, researchers found that preterm births and the related cognitive, development and physical health impacts of prematurity are associated with lower income, employment and university enrollment.

Use of 'genetic scissors' carries risks

The CRISPR tool is capable of repairing the genetic defect responsible for the immune disease chronic granulomatous disease.

Sleepiness during the day may be tied to pre-dementia syndrome

Older people who are sleepy during the day or lack enthusiasm for activities due to sleep issues may be more likely to develop a syndrome that can lead to dementia, according to a new study.

Newly discovered neurons change our understanding of how the brain handles hunger

A new cell type provides a missing piece of the neural network regulating appetite.

Five minutes of extra exercise a day could lower blood pressure

New research suggests that adding a small amount of physical activity such as uphill walking or stairclimbing into your day may help to lower blood pressure.

Probability training: Preventing errors of reasoning in medicine and law

A new study shows how students can better understand and interpret conditional probabilities.

How hypoxia helps cancer spread

Scientists have identified 16 genes that breast cancer cells use to survive in the bloodstream after they've escaped the low-oxygen regions of a tumor.

Cracking the code of DNA circles in cancer: Potential therapy

Tiny circles called ecDNA are critical in cancer development and drug resistance.

High cost of childbirth and postpartum care causes biggest financial hardship for lower-income families with commercial insurance

The cost of childbirth and postpartum health care results in significant, ongoing financial hardship, particularly for lowerincome families with commercial insurance.

Bioengineers shed light on dosing challenges for cancer immunotherapy

A team of bioengineers has developed a mathematical model that clarifies why interleukin-12 (IL12) a potent immune-boosting protein that holds promise for cancer treatment -- loses effectiveness over time when used as an immunotherapeutic.

What happens in your brain while you watch a movie

By scanning the brains of people while they watched movie clips, neuroscientists have created the most detailed functional map of the brain to date.

Researchers have uncovered the mechanism in the brain that constantly refreshes memory

Researchers have discovered a neural mechanism for memory integration that stretches across both time and personal experience.

Alzheimer's and alcohol use disorder share similar gene expression patterns, study finds By examining RNA in hundreds of thousands of individual brain cells, scientists further support that alcohol use disorder could accelerate Alzheimer's disease progression, paving the way for future targeted treatments.

Biotecnología

Directed evolution of engineered virus-like particles with improved production and transduction efficiencies

Engineered virus-like particles are improved through directed evolution.

A bacterial neoantigen cancer vaccine

Neoantigen cancer vaccines hold great promise for cancer treatment but are often limited by the immunosuppressive tumor environment.

El IRNASA-CSIC busca una vacuna frente a garrapatas blandas en su microbiota intestinal y salival

Un estudio centrado en la garrapata ‘Ornithodoros moubata’ muestra el potencial de las denominadas vacunas antimicrobiota como estrategia innovadora para un control sostenible y específico de estos parásitos transmisores de enfermedades.

Una investigación ayuda a entender el dolor asociado a las infecciones virales

Mediante la realización de experimentos con ratones infectados con el virus del herpes, científicos de Brasil y Estados Unidos identificaron un sensor inmunológico que al reconocer fragmentos virales activa a las neuronas responsables del dolor.

First proof-of-mechanism for RNA editing in

humans

The first clinical results for an RNAediting oligonucleotide designed to correct a disease-causing single-base mutation in mRNA have been released.

Saturation profiling of drug-resistant genetic variants using prime editing PEER-seq characterizes the drug resistance profiles of thousands of genetic variants.

Shot

in the arm for biotech fuels

The US Department of Energy (DOE) in October conditionally committed nearly $3 billion to two companies to scale up the production of sustainable jet fuel made from crops, vegetable oils and animal fats.

Cancer cases in bluebird’s gene therapy trials

Over 10% of patients with a fatal neurodegenerative disease who received bluebird bio’s FDAapproved gene therapy Skysona (elivaldogene autotemcel) have developed hematological cancers, further highlighting the well-known risks of using lentiviral vectors.

Wasp gut microbes yield beer with extra tang

Beer lovers can now enjoy their wildest drink yet thanks to a yeast carried by wasps.

Virus-like elements

Recent patents relating to retroviruses, transposons and other virus-like elements for use in gene transfer and gene therapy.

Multimodal scanning of genetic variants with base and prime editing

Thousands of rare oncogene variants are evaluated using multimodal gene editing screens.

Beyond the blood: expanding CAR T cell therapy to solid tumors

Recent clinical trials testing CAR T cells on solid tumors have yielded promising outcomes that can be enhanced with further CAR engineering.

Obtienen polvos solubles con propiedades antiinflamatorias a partir de la pulpa de la cáscara del café

El nuevo producto, desarrollado por un equipo del Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL-CSIC-UAM), se basa en aprovechar un residuo del café.

Amyloid is everywhere, but new treatments could stop the toxic build up

Amyloid deposits are present in the brains of cognitively impaired individuals, but also accumulate throughout the body.

Medioambiente

Can we live on our planet without destroying it?

How much land, water, and other resources does our lifestyle require?

And how can we adapt this lifestyle to stay within the limits of what the Earth can give? A new article tackles these questions.

Anti-fatberg invention could help unclog city sewers

Engineers have invented a protective coating for concrete pipes that could help drastically reduce the formation of fatbergs in sewers.

México aprueba una reforma constitucional para prohibir el maltrato animal

La Cámara de Diputados de México ha aprobado en lo general y en lo particular con una modificación, el dictamen que reforma y adiciona los artículos 3, 4 y 73 de la Constitución mexicana, en materia de protección y cuidado animal.

Possible to limit climate change to 1.5°C, if EU and 17 other countries go beyond their own targets

A new study finds that limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius is still possible, but some countries require support to meet their climate responsibilities.

Building a diverse wildland fire workforce to meet future challenges

Wildland firefighters are under significant strain, often overworked and underpaid despite the growing need to respond to larger, more destructive fires.

'Drowning' mangrove forests in Maldives signal global coastal threat

Researchers have found evidence that mangrove forests which protect tropical and subtropical coastlines -- are drowning in the Maldives.

Carbon recycling instead of plastic trash

Plastics are inescapable in our daily lives. The vast amounts of plastic garbage heaped in landfills and in the environment, however, are as problematic as the plastics are useful.

Fossil fuel CO2 emissions increase again in 2024

Global carbon emissions from fossil fuels have reached a record high in 2024, according to new research.

Machine learning predicts highestrisk groundwater sites to improve water quality monitoring

An interdisciplinary team of researchers has developed a machine learning framework that uses limited water quality samples to predict which inorganic pollutants are likely to be present in a groundwater supply.

Fighting microplastics for a cleaner future

Creating sustainable chemicals and developing better waste management will contribute to better sustainability.

Was 'Snowball Earth' a global event? Study delivers best proof yet A series of rocks hiding around Colorado's Rocky Mountains may hold clues to a frigid period in Earth's past when glaciers several miles thick covered the entire planet.

50 years of survey data confirm African elephant decline

A study found large-scale declines of African elephants in the first continent-wide analysis of population survey data.

Novel machine learning techniques measure ocean oxygen loss more accurately

Using data from historic ship measurements and Argo floats, researchers introduced a machine learning technique that improves assessment and analysis of the ocean's declining oxygen levels.

More than one third of Vietnam's mammal species are at risk of extinction, study finds

A recent study highlights that over one-third of Vietnam's 329 mammal species are threatened with extinction.

Discovery taps 'hot carriers' for ondemand, emissions-free hydrogen and catalyst regeneration

Researchers have developed a new photocatalyst that could render steam methane reforming entirely emissions-free and extend catalyst lifetimes.

Research team successfully produces microbial plastic to replace PET bottles

Researchers have succeeded in developing a microbial strain that efficiently produces pseudoaromatic polyester monomer to replace polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using systems metabolic engineering.

Elephant seal colony declines one year after avian flu outbreak

A year after an outbreak of H5N1 killed thousands of elephant seals in Argentina, only about a third of the seals normally expected here returned, scientists estimate.

Why health and price, not sustainability, drive US meat consumption choices

Environmental sustainability isn't a major factor influencing meat consumption decisions for most Americans, despite increasing awareness of the climate impacts of red meat production, according to researchers.

How to improve and accelerate testing of chemicals

Recommendations from DEFRA's Hazardous Substances Advisory Committee (HSAC) have set out steps that could make the UK a leader in more ethical, safer, and costeffective chemical testing, through early adoption of a risk-based approach to regulation (also called next generation risk assessment).

Up to 30% of the power used to train AI is wasted: Here's how to fix it

A less wasteful way to train large language models, such as the GPT series, finishes in the same amount of time for up to 30% less energy, according to a study.

Some of the world's least polluting populations are at much greater risk of flooding fueled by climate change

A new study has exposed for the first time how inhabitants of the smallest countries globally, contributing least to climate change, already bear the brunt of its devastating consequences and the burden is likely to worsen.

PFAS removal process aims to stamp out pollution ahead of semiconductor industry growth

A study is the first to describe an electrochemical strategy to capture, concentrate and destroy mixtures of diverse chemicals known as PFAS -including the increasingly prevalent ultra-short-chain PFAS from water in a single process.

Heartier Heinz? How scientists are learning to help tomatoes beat the heat

Biologists found what makes some types of tomatoes more heattolerant, yielding insights that could help crops adapt to climate change.

Scientists find space-for-time substitutions exaggerate urban bird-habitat ecological relationships

A common way ecologists predict population counts may be an unreliable way of forecasting future bird counts in urban areas, meaning scientists may be overestimating and underestimating the losses of certain species.

Microplastics impact cloud formation, likely affecting weather and climate

Scientists have spotted microplastics, tiny pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters, in some of the most pristine environments on Earth, from the depths of the Mariana Trench to the snow on Mt. Everest to the mountaintop clouds of China and Japan.

Las baterías recicladas de coche eléctrico aportarán en 2030 el 84,5% del litio para hacer nuevas

El reciclaje de baterías de vehículos eléctricos aportarán en 2030 el 84,5% del litio y el 60,2% que precisarán las que se produzcan ese año, según Recyclia.

Chalk-coated textiles cool in urban environments

As air temperatures stay elevated through fall months, people may still want clothes that cool them down while outside, especially if they live in cities that stay warmer than rural landscapes.

Más de 200 cigüeñas electrocutadas en torres eléctricas en Cataluña durante el paso migratorio de este otoño

Los Agentes Rurales han contabilizado 226 cigüeñas blancas que han muerto electrocutadas en las torres eléctricas de Endesa en Cataluña durante el paso migratorio de este otoño, lo que se ha comunicado tanto a la compañía eléctrica como al juzgado que investiga a la compañía.

Deep ocean clues to a million-yearold ice age puzzle revealed in new study

A new study challenges theories regarding the origins of a significant transition through the Earth's ice ages.

Measurements from 'lost' Seaglider offer new insights into Antarctic ice melting

New research reveals for the first time how a major Antarctic ice shelf has been subjected to increased melting by warming ocean waters over the last four decades.

Encouraging quiet during zoo visits might lead to a better appreciation of the animals

Encouraging quietness during zoo trips can help visitors better appreciate their inhabitants and lead to more fulfilling, respectful and informative experiences, a new paper argues.

Greener and cleaner: Yeast-green algae mix improves water treatment

Researchers have discovered that the combination of green algae and yeast enhances the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

Nanoparticle bursts over the Amazon rainforest

Atmospheric aerosol particles are essential for the formation of clouds and precipitation, thereby influencing the Earth's energy budget, water cycle, and climate.

Power of aesthetic species on social media boosts wildlife conservation efforts, say experts

Facebook and Instagram can boost wildlife conservation efforts through public awareness and engagement, according to a new study.

How prisons fall short in protecting the incarcerated from climate disasters

A new study paints a grim picture of how blistering heat, wildfire smoke and other extreme weather events impact Colorado's jail and prison population.

Plastics pollution worsen the impacts of all Planetary Boundaries

Plastic pollution exacerbates the impacts of all planetary boundaries, including climate change, ocean acidification and biodiversity loss, a new paper shows.

New PFAS testing method created

Researchers have discovered a new way to detect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water.

Pioneering Planetary Boundaries science as key to mitigating rising planetary risks The Planetary Boundaries framework is a pivotal tool for tackling the climate crisis and safeguarding humanity's future on Earth.

Researchers drive solid-state innovation for renewable energy storage

Scientists are developing a formula for success by studying how a new type of battery fails.

Planting trees in the Arctic could make global warming worse, not better, say scientists

Tree planting has been widely touted as a cost-effective way of reducing global warming, due to trees' ability to store large quantities of carbon from the atmosphere.

New PFAS testing method created

Researchers have discovered a new way to detect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water.

Could crowdsourcing hold the key to early wildfire detection?

Computer science researchers have developed a new crowdsourcing system that dramatically slashes wildfire mapping time from hours to seconds using a network of low-cost mobile phones mounted on properties in high fire threat areas.

Power grids supplied largely by renewable sources experience lower intensity blackouts

New research into the vulnerability of power grids served by weatherdependent renewable energy sources (WD-RESs) such as solar and wind paints a hopeful picture as various countries around the globe attempt to meet their climate emissions targets with the research showing grids with high penetration of WD-RESs tend to have reduced blackout intensities in the US.

'Shallow' sports and 'deep' social hierarchies: Not all pecking orders are created equal

Researchers have added a new dimension to the mathematics used to predict the outcomes of all manner of competitions, including sports, games and social hierarchies in both humans and animals.

Washington coast avian flu outbreak devastated Caspian terns, jumped to seals

An epidemiological study found that 56 percent of a large breeding colony of Caspian terns died from a 2023 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza at Rat Island in Washington state.

Investigating performance limitations in cost-effective materials for perovskite solar cells

Researchers investigated the internal properties of low-cost materials used in perovskite solar cells, which are attracting attention for their high efficiency, using electron spin resonance (ESR) to analyze these materials at a microscopic level.

Pathogens which cling to microplastics may survive wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment fails to kill several human pathogens when they hide out on microplastics in the water, according to a new study.

Earthquake prediction techniques lend quick insight into strength, reliability of materials

Materials scientists can now use insight from a very common mineral and well-established earthquake and avalanche statistics to quantify how hostile environmental interactions may impact the degradation and failure of materials used for advanced solar panels, geological carbon sequestration and infrastructure such as buildings, roads and bridges.

La contaminación por plomo alcanza los glaciares tibetanos

Las actividades humanas han provocado la contaminación de algunos de los lugares más remotos del mundo, como glaciares en el Tíbet, según demuestra un nuevo estudio.

Locally optimized urban form reduces carbon dioxide emissions

While atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are higher than ever before, an estimated 2.5 billion additional people are expected to integrate into urban areas worldwide by 2050, making reduced urban CO2 emissions a priority.

Ciencia

Meteorite contains evidence of liquid water on Mars 742 million years ago

An asteroid struck Mars 11 million years ago and sent pieces of the red planet hurtling through space.

Gas-churning monster black holes

Scientists using observations from NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory have discovered, for the first time, the signal from a pair of monster black holes disrupting a cloud of gas in the center of a galaxy.

Three galactic 'red monsters' in the early Universe

Astronomers have identified three ultra-massive galaxies nearly as massive as the Milky Way already in place within the first billion years after the Big Bang.

Giving robots superhuman vision using radio signals

Researchers have developed PanoRadar, a new tool to give robots superhuman vision by transforming simple radio waves into detailed, 3D views of the environment.

Breakthrough in photonic time crystals could change how we use and control light

An international research team has for the first time designed realistic photonic time crystals exotic materials that exponentially amplify light.

A formula for life? New model calculates chances of intelligent beings in our Universe and beyond

The chances of intelligent life emerging in our Universe -- and in any hypothetical ones beyond it -can be estimated by a new theoretical model which has echoes of the famous Drake Equation.

Compact error correction: Towards a more efficient quantum 'hard drive'

Two quantum information theorists have solved a decades-old problem that will free up quantum computing power.

New solar composition ratios that could reconcile longstanding questions

A team combined compositional data of primitive bodies like Kuiper Belt objects, asteroids and comets with new solar data sets to develop a revised solar composition that potentially reconciles spectroscopy and helioseismology measurements for the first time.

Astronomers' theory of how galaxies formed may be upended

The standard model for how galaxies formed in the early universe predicted that the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) would see dim signals from small, primitive galaxies.

Swirling polar vortices likely exist on the Sun

Like the Earth, the Sun likely has swirling polar vortices, according to new research.

Einstein's equations collide with the mysteries of the Universe

Why is the expansion of our Universe accelerating?

Quantum vortices confirm superfluidity in supersolid

Supersolids are a new form of quantum matter that has only recently been demonstrated. The state of matter can be produced artificially in ultracold, dipolar quantum gases.

Astrophysicists use echoes of light to illuminate black holes

Researchers have developed an innovative technique to search for black hole light echoes.

Imaging nuclear shapes by smashing them to smithereens

Scientists have demonstrated a new way to use high-energy particle smashups at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to reveal subtle details about the shapes of atomic nuclei.

Biblioteca. Facultad de Biología

Universidad de Salamanca. Campus Miguel de Unamuno c/Donantes de Sangre s/n 37007 Salamanca angelpoveda@usal.es

http://bibliotecabiologia.usal.es/

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