thermodynamics-notes1

Page 1

AP BIOLOGY CELLULAR ENERGETICS

ENERGY EXCHANGES L AWS OF T HERMODYNAMICS First Law • •

Energy cannot be created or destroyed Energy can be transferred and transformed

Second Law • • •

Every energy transfer makes the universe more disordered Entropy = measure of disorder Whenever energy is transferred some is lost as heat Amt of useful energy decreases whenever energy is transferred

PROBLEM Living organisms are highly ordered; decrease entropy Question: Do living organisms violate the 2 nd law? ANSWER No • Living organism is a closed system • Must consider organism & environment • Living organisms u Maintain highly ordered structure at expense of increased entropy of surroundings u Take in complex high energy molecules, extract energy, release simpler, low energy molecules (CO2 and H 2O) and heat to environment

Cellular Energetics page 1


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thermodynamics-notes1 by Joan Rasmussen - Issuu