Chapter 3: Kalinga Palace Architecture

Kalinga palace architecture developed during the rule of various dynasties that ruled the region, such as the Eastern Ganga, the Suryavanshi Gajapatis, and the Marathas. Kalinga was home to several royal families who built magnificent palaces to reflect their power and wealth. Some of these palaces are still standing today, offering a glimpse into the region's rich cultural heritage. It is also knows for its unique blend of indigenous and foreign influences.

A notable royal palace in Odisha is the Ansupa Palace, popularly known today as “Saranda Gada”, was built by the Eastern Gangas in the 12th century AD. The palace is located on the banks of the Ansupa Lake and is known for its impressive architecture and intricate figurines. Today, the palace is in ruins, but efforts are being made to preserve and restore it.

The Maratha ruler, Chhatrapati Shivaji, also contributed to Kalinga palace architecture with the restoration and development of the Raj Bhavan Palace in Cuttack in the 17th century CE. It was originally constructed by the Mughal Subedar stationed at Cuttack. The palace features a mix of Mughal and Kalinga architectural styles, with intricate carvings and detailed stonework. Currently the palace is popularly known as the Lal Bagh Palace

The Barabati palace was built in the 17th century by the Marathas and is a blend of Mughal and Odia architecture. The palace is known for its impressive architecture, with features such as domes, arches, and intricate carvings. The main entrance of the palace is a large archway, leading to a large central courtyard which is surrounded by several rooms on two storeys The palace is constructed using red sandstone and laterite, which give it a distinct reddish-brown hue. The palace has several ornate arches and balconies, which are adorned with elaborate carvings of floral motifs, mythological figures, and geometric patterns. Overall, the Barabati Palace is a remarkable example of the fusion of Mughal and Odia architecture. The unique architectural elements make it an impressive structure that continues to inspire and influence contemporary architecture in India.

The Brundaban Palace at Paralakhemundi, built on the banks of Mahendratanaya river is influenced by post modern style of architecture, while adding touches of traditional Kalinga Architecture to German architecture. This two-story, white building is supported by close to 40 pillars. The prominent features of this palace were the wide verandah, portico, and hawa mahal. It contains separate quarters for the King and the Queen. Due to tragic events, the Royal family disconnected it from their property and is currently being managed by the Tourism department.

Sailashree Palace is a historic palace located in Balangir, was built in the early 20th century by the royal family of Balangir, is a blend of traditional Odia and European architecture. It has remarkable architectural features such as high arches, columns, and intricate carvings. The palace has two stories and is built using red laterite stone and white sandstone, giving it a distinct reddish-brown and white color scheme. The palace's most striking feature is its central dome, which is topped by a weather vane. The dome is surrounded by several smaller domes, arches, and balconies, each adorned with intricate carvings of traditional Odisha style. The interiors of the palace are decorated with ornate chandeliers, antique furniture, and traditional Odia artwork.

There are several other notable Kalinga architecture palaces which were not only functional structures but are also works of art, showcasing the creativity and ingenuity of the architects and craftsmen involved in its making.

Chapter 4: Influence on Other Regions

Kalinga architecture has had a significant influence on the architecture of other regions in India, particularly in the eastern part of the country. The intricate carvings and details in Kalinga architecture have inspired craftsmen and architects across the country, leading to the development of new architectural styles and designs. One of the most prominent examples of Kalinga architecture's influence can be seen in the architecture of the neighbouring state of Bengal and Andhra Pradesh The terracotta temples of Bishnupur in Bengal are an excellent example of Kalinga's influence on Bengali architecture. The carvings are similar to those found in Kalinga's famous temples, such as the Lingaraj Temple and the Jagannath Temple. The Dakshineswar Kali Temple in Kolkata, built in the 19th century, is another prime example of this influence.

Kalinga architecture has also influenced the architecture of neighbouring countries such as Bhutan, Nepal, Thailand, Indonesia etc. The traditional architecture of these countries features intricate carvings and details similar to those seen in Kalinga architecture. The architectural influence of Kalinga also extended beyond the Indian subcontinent. The temple architecture of Angkor Wat built during the 12th century in Cambodia shows a clear influence of Kalinga's style, with similar features like large courtyards, ornate pavilions, and intricate carvings.

The intricate carvings and details in Kalinga architecture have inspired craftsmen and architects across the country and beyond, leading to the development of new architectural styles and designs.