Time to step up; for the sake of our children Has there ever been a more uncertain and changing time in education? When are all the school structure, curriculum, exam and qualification system reforms going to end? Well the truth is, ‘change’ has been about the only constant in education, particularly over the last 20 years or so. I recently heard that under the last Labour term we were subjected to more than 700 Government driven initiatives. Go on; spend 30 seconds or so listing as many policy acronyms as you can. The real issue in the current climate is not that there is more change on the horizon; it is that we feel a profound sense of disenfranchisement. As parents and as teachers we are aware that the system needs reforming, but there doesn’t seem to be a clear strategy for the way forward; the two Michaels have given a whole new meaning to ‘take the Mickey’ over the past four years. What makes it worse is that the profession feels alone; teachers are drowning under the weight of constant criticism, isolated by the destruction of morale. It is time to ask a hard question of ourselves; is it really change that is driving us mad or a loss of control, a lack of professional respect? The truth is of course, that change is not a new phenomenon but it is an exponential one; it is not caused by policy makers and managers, it is part of the evolutionary process. So stopping change is not an option but where so many bosses/ministers have got it so wrong is that change is not something that is best driven by five year plans, policy reviews and external imposition, it is at its most effective when it is organic and based on the evolution of practice and the process of action research from within. People have become so battered by external forces that we have hunkered down in the hope that the storm will pass; it is a natural instinct that when we are under pressure or threat we retreat and seek out a safer, simpler, often rose-tinted shelter. If we are to seize back our professionalism, our sanity and the rights of our kids then we must come out from the shelter and lead. We must stop simply reacting to the retro thinking and endless baiting from Mickey and Goofy and start to fight back by demonstrating our vision in practice; we must demonstrate our professionalism, passion and abilities to translate action research into active and organic teaching and learning. To do that we must start by getting out more, away from our classrooms and out of our schools; collaborating and talking to other teachers and parents to really stimulate our own thinking and to help understand the challenges the future really holds for our kids.
We must network more, not just with fellow educators but with local business leaders, charitable groups and social enterprises. We must rediscover our professional eloquence, not in cyber space or on Twitter and LinkedIn but in our staff rooms and classrooms and most importantly of all, we must stop waiting to be told what to do. How many of us are on pause, waiting for the new curriculum or an OFSTED call or God forbid, both? The world’s most successful organisations and people are always evolving and changing but they are in control of it. I recently discovered that Apple operate a mantra built around the idea that they simply cannot afford to employ people who need managing; they want people who constantly question, challenge and develop but above all things, are passionate about what they do and as a result, drive their own agenda. They are open to change, in fact seek it but on their own terms. We are less than a year away from the next General Election and another dramatic change in policy and political landscape. The truth is that we, as teachers and parents, are the only constant in education and our children rely on us, not Westminster, to educate them so that they will thrive in the future; a future filled with uncertainty, change and opportunity. We need to make a promise to each other, for the sake of our kids; let’s not wait to see what our next Government does to our schools and then moan about their lack of courage and understanding. This time let’s come together, talk, collaborate and create a new and dynamic plan that is truly worthy of our young and the generations that will follow them.
Also available from Bloomsbury Education Achievement for All by Sonia Blandford and Catherine Knowles Once Upon an If by Peter Worley The A-Z of School Improvement by Tim Brighouse and David Woods 100 Ideas for Secondary Teachers: Outstanding Lessons by Ross Morrison McGill 8 Qualities of Successful School Leaders by Jeremy Sutcliffe Coming soon Leading From the Edge by James Hilton
9781472912824_FM_Rev_txt_prf.indd ii
6/25/2014 5:55:24 PM
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today Education • Our Children • Their Futures
Second edition Richard Gerver Foreword by Sir Ken Robinson
L ON DON • N E W DE L H I • N E W Y OR K • SY DN EY
9781472912824_FM_Rev_txt_prf.indd iii
6/25/2014 5:55:24 PM
Section 1 The challenge
9781472912824_Ch01_Rev_txt_prf.indd 1
6/25/2014 5:55:04 PM
2 Tomorrow’s natives
‘Why is it that every generation mourns the passing of the last and fears the birth of the next? Why do we live in a world obsessed with demonising our children? Our children are the same human beings we are, with the same capacity for good or bad; they are not born malevolent or seeking to destroy. Who they are and what they will become has been, and always will be, dependent on the environment that surrounds them and the legacy they inherit. ‘The children of today are thick, disruptive and out of control. I blame those computer games and the television. In my day . . .’ It’s a common refrain heard all over the world in every supermarket, coffee shop and on street corners. Depending on who you ask, we blame parents, schools, the Government, even ‘E’ numbers. The interesting thing is that every generation believes that the new kids on the block are the generation that will destroy humanity. Wasn’t pop music supposed to be the spawn of the devil? Perversely, the youth cultures of today are creating the problems of our new generations, but not for the reasons we feel comfortable believing. New generation after new generation has felt alienated by society and, therefore, to an extent, rebelled against it. It is true to say that our young are, in small numbers, more aggressive and less respectful of authority. There is, without doubt, a significant issue with gang cultures and violence, drugs, underage sex and alcohol abuse. Two recent reports – one for The National Children’s Bureau in 2009 and one for The Equality Authority in Ireland in 2006 – reach the same conclusions, with one of the constant factors being that there is a feeling of a growing alienation from society and a desire to belong to something with status and stability. This is not a new discovery: Delinquent Boys by Albert K. Cohen, the famous American criminologist, which was published in 1955, highlights the reasons for youth crime and delinquency as being related to the factors of social exclusion, including low self-esteem and status, low academic achievement and social acceptance. Little has changed and, although there has been much talk about using education to help overcome these issues, it has yet to really be translated into any meaningful practice. Clearly this is a massive issue which cannot be covered here, but in the context of this book it is important to ask how we, as educators, ensure that our children
9781472912824_Ch02_Rev_txt_prf.indd 11
6/25/2014 12:18:42 PM
experience an education system which develops their self-esteem and awareness, their aspirations and values, and their confidence as individuals to see the positive role they play as they emerge into society. In many ways our current system is brilliant at highlighting for children what they can’t do, but isn’t very good at highlighting what they can. One of the gravest problems we face is that, through some elements of the media, all of our children have been tarnished by the stories of youth crime and delinquency, which creates an even greater sense of social exclusion and fear. Carey Oppenheim, a co-director at the Institute for Public Policy Research, said in 2007 that: ‘The problem with ‘kids these days’ is the way adults are treating them. Britain is in danger of becoming a nation fearful of its young people: a nation of paedophobics.We need policy which reminds adults – parents and non-parents alike – that it is their responsibility to set norms of behaviour and to maintain them through positive and authoritative interaction with young people.’ ‘Asbo Culture: Making Kids Criminal’, Institute for Public Policy press release, 10 December 2007 In early August 2011, the police shooting of a man named Mark Duggan led to an outbreak of rioting, initially in North London. The rioting spread across a number of cities and has since become labelled as the ‘Blackberry Riots’ because of the use of mobile communications and social networks to incite the unrest. It was a horrifying series of events that showed Britain in its poorest light, and, yet again, the blame was almost entirely laid at the feet of our young people. Yet figures published by the Ministry of Justice showed that 83% of those convicted for their involvement were adults. I was on holiday with my family at the time, and we sat watching the news coverage and the ensuing debates. I was so disturbed by the events that I wrote a blog entry which I want to share here: In Defence of our Young I have just come back from holiday: two weeks of sun, sea, sand and kids . . . I loved it, every minute! The worst thing about going back to work for me, is knowing that for the next 12 months, I will spend less time with my family, less time with my own children and their friends.We had a great break, made even better because my two kids made friends with what became a posse of about ten youngsters between the ages of 10 and 17. It was infectious watching them all; laughing, splashing about, dancing . . . having fun. It was a strange juxtaposition because whilst we were away we watched, in horror, the events unfolding in some of the UK’s biggest cities: images of flames and destruction, hatred and fear.We then watched the experts being wheeled out to tell us that Britain was under siege from its youth, politicians queuing up to tell us that we lived in a broken nation. We returned from holiday just as the exam results were released, and we were told that, yet again, our children had broken all records of success . . . only for them then to
12
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch02_Rev_txt_prf.indd 12
6/25/2014 12:18:42 PM
be told by certain factions of the media and our ‘oh so positive’ politicians that the only reason for this was because they had elected to take easy exams in easy subjects. This week I read that even our young children are out of control because about 240 have been excluded from primary schools each year in the last 5 years . . . which I agree sounds shocking, until you realise that there are approximately 5,500,000 children in primary school in the UK each year! I have spent my life working with young people; most of them are amazing: their enthusiasm infectious; their energy and desire for life humbling.They want to live happy lives; they have powerful moral beliefs, and they care deeply about society. However, they are so often made to feel like second-class citizens. I know some people will read that statement and accuse me of being a soft liberal who is responsible for the supposed downfall of our society . . . I am not! The problem here is that we are generalising for the sake of headlines and political impact.Too many people think that our children should be caged and treated like wild animals in need of civilizing . . .They don’t! They need to be listened to, to be understood and to be valued . . . Our kids are us, 20 to 30 years ago. I remember being taught rule number one, when training as a teacher: don’t keep telling children that they are naughty because they soon start to behave to the expectation. Over the next few weeks, months and years we must remember that the majority of our young are incredible, talented and determined people with a growing sense of identity; we must help them develop their skills, their talents and their sense of identity because they are amazing and they deserve it! If we have problems, and we do, we must stop blaming those who can’t defend themselves, our kids, and look within because there lie the real problems . . . and problem number one is how WE treat THEM! The tragedy of the whole event for me was that what wasn’t reported was the way young people used social media to activate the clean-up campaign which involved three times as many people as those who had rioted. Today’s ‘delinquents’ are better equipped than any previous incarnations to face the challenges that surround us all. They are more aware of the world around them. Indeed, according to Marc Prensky, an American digital media expert and educator, the technological revolution has changed the physiology of their brains. In his report, ‘Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants’ (2001), Prensky argues that the complexity of the technology and information that surround our children has had a profound effect on the way their brains evolve, meaning that they are able to process high volumes of information at incredible speed, but they are losing the ability to concentrate on one thing for a sustained period of time. Sadly, however, we are not helping them to make sense of this complex world, overflowing with knowledge, opinion, choice and temptation. We are therefore adding to the generations of increasingly confused and alienated young people who are struggling to understand their emerging skills and knowledge.
Tomorrow’s natives
9781472912824_Ch02_Rev_txt_prf.indd 13
13
6/25/2014 12:18:42 PM
12 The way forward?
‘The crisis surrounding education is as stark as any we face today.The need for action, for transformation, is as urgent as dealing with the declining environment or the global economy. Our children are growing fast; their need is now!’ In this final chapter of Section 1, I want to summarise the issues that face our education system as we head into the challenges our children face in their futures. There is wide recognition around the world that the traditional models of schooling are no longer fit for purpose; in many countries government departments are investing heavily in exploring the future and the changes that the system will need to make to truly face up to and meet the challenge. At present, however, governments are not brave enough to understand that the future is not a continued number of reforms, tweaks and new policies. It is about radical transformation, which requires two critical questions to define it: first, what kind of future are we preparing our children for? And second, what do we need our children to be like – as human beings, citizens, and individuals – if they are going to be able to cope with the challenges of that future? We cannot allow our policy makers to continue to develop education in the short-term reactive way they have been over the last 30 years or so. We have had a succession of disastrous initiatives and policies that now litter the floors of classrooms around the world and that have largely had a detrimental impact on our schools and our pupils. For example, in the United States the clumsy ‘No Child Left Behind’ strategy that defined George W. Bush’s educational vision was obsessed with narrow outcomes, not real development. We have had similar in the UK where even well-meaning and pupil-centric sentiments such as ‘Personalised Learning’ have been scrapped because nobody could truly define what it meant or how it could be done. This was partly because, like most educational strategic development, it had to be tagged on to existing policies and approaches, which has resulted in confusion and lack of foundation. The stakes are unbelievably high. Our kids only get the one chance; we cannot therefore afford to get it wrong. How could we, 20 years from now, apologise to a failed generation? It is not as though they will get that time again. Partly the problems that face us are political. Numerous commissioned reports and world-renowned experts have set out the challenge and the scale of the issues we
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 79
6/25/2014 12:18:29 PM
face. Unfortunately, many of the crucial messages are uncomfortable and politically dangerous. The reason is that we are not talking about gentle evolution or mild development.We are talking about that need for wholesale systemic transformation. In the UK our education system is dominated by central, civil-servant control, a fact envied by many in larger, state-governed nations like America and Australia. The truth, though, is that this approach relies on visionary people who have constant exposure to, and experience of, the challenges that face our children, our teachers and our schools. This is simply not the case among the majority of civil servants who, at best, are trying to please too many people with too many different agendas. Having spoken to and worked with a number of politicians from varying political backgrounds around the world, I can see that many are limited by the ability and vision of their civil servant teams, where there are too many capable managers and too few visionary leaders. What is really very sad and of great concern is that, to minimise disruption and dissent, government departments with a remit for education have, in many countries across the free world, actively undermined educational expertise, thinking and challenge in order to ensure central control of what should be a local, even personal, issue. Professor Sir Ken Robinson says of the system in his seminal book Out of Our Minds: ‘Raising academic standards alone will not solve the problems we face: it may compound them.To move forward we need a fresh understanding of intelligence, of human capacity and of the nature of creativity. Human intelligence is richer and more dynamic than we have been led to believe by formal academic education. Advances in the scientific studies of the brain are confirming that human intelligence is complex and multifaceted. We can think about the world and our experiences in terms of sight, in touch, in sound, in movement and in many other ways.This is why the world is full of music, dance, architecture, design, practical technology, relationships and values. Brain-scanning techniques show that even simple actions draw simultaneously on different functions and regions of the brain. Human culture is as rich and diverse as it is because human intelligence is so complex and dynamic.We all have great natural capacities, but we all have them differently.There are not only two types of people, academic or non-academic.We all have distinctive profiles of intellectual abilities with different strengths in visual intelligences, in sound, in movement, in mathematical thinking and the rest. Academic education looks only for certain sorts of ability.Those who have it often have other abilities that are ignored: those who don’t are likely to be seen as not intelligent at all. Highly able people are turned away from companies or lost in them because their education tells the wrong story. If we’re serious about developing human resources, the first step is to recognise how diverse and individual those resources are.’ Ken Robinson, Out of Our Minds, pages 9–10
80
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 80
6/25/2014 12:18:29 PM
The problem has become global. High-profile businesses and business icons are so concerned that they have started to invest massive amounts of personal resources into driving forward the agenda. Bill Gates is a striking example, saying in his keynote address to the Government Leaders’ Forum in Washington, D. C. in March 2009 that: ‘Education is an essential foundation that we cannot skip or neglect if we hope to provide sustainable, long-term economic and entrepreneurial growth.’ Yet governments still find themselves trapped by our fixation on the past. I guess that education and academia have been bound together for so many generations that they have become fused. In the UK there have been attempts by the Government to recognise the process.The Innovation Unit was set up to explore future systems and methodologies until it was privatised due to a cut in funding in 2007. Think tanks such as DEMOS and Futurelab have provided a number of future sight scenarios. England’s former curriculum authority, the QCA, under the guidance of its former dynamic Director of Curriculum, Mick Waters, had been developing blueprints for exciting future approaches to schooling before it was scrapped in 2010, bringing the curriculum under increasingly centralised political control, control which has now seen what children learn in England driven by a political ideology rather than a tangible vision for the future. We have become increasingly reactive to media headlines and polling data. So what now? The system has functioned largely untouched for over 100 years but, as with so much of the world we live in, our rate of progress and understanding about the brain, child development and education have accelerated beyond all comprehension since the end of the last war. Sadly, the system has not kept pace. We are a little like a medical profession that, regardless of knowing about the great cures and procedures that have evolved over time, is still using cures from the Tudor period. As in so many developed cultures, we are conservative by nature. We are a breed that finds comfort in the familiar and threat in the unknown. Occasionally, though, a generation comes along that has the courage to take strides forward for the betterment of humanity. I feel passionately that for education that time is now and we must be that generation. If we don’t take up the challenge, the consequences could be catastrophic. The current apathy towards education was not created by the current generation of children, but by us. Whether we admit it or not, most of us know that the system that we went through may have delivered results, but it didn’t deliver us a future. Since the original publication of this book, the traditional debate that exams must have got easier; that they were tougher in our day, and so on, has gained momentum and, as a result, exams have, yet again, become the panacea, which is deeply worrying given that the largely unreported findings of the OCED Skills Outlook report 2013 stated that one of the key reasons why many adults
The way forward?
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 81
81
6/25/2014 12:18:29 PM
were finding gaining employment increasingly challenging was because too many countries have become so obsessed with schooling children to take tests that they are neglecting to develop real employability skills. The same report demonstrates quite clearly that the most desirable skills in the modern work place today are interpersonal skills; not the routine cognitive skills that were so important in the industrial past.This gap has been underlined to me over the recent past, as I have had the opportunity to work with large-scale organisations on the building of change strategies, many of whom are hugely frustrated by the top-down expectations of staff, where initiative and the ability to lead change at any level is poor. CEOs regularly tell me that what they are looking for in their teams is the ability to adapt, learn and change, not to conform. I have worked with children for over 20 years and I know that the generations of youngsters I work with now are more capable than they have ever been. As I have already discussed, they are capable of handling and processing information on a greater scale and at faster rates, and they have access to information streams and experiences that aid the acceleration of their development. They may not be as grammatically sure-footed as previous generations, but they have no need to be. Communication has changed, and they are not called upon to exercise those skills as frequently as we were, but then we cannot manipulate technology in the way that they can. It is not a better or worse state; it is just different. I do believe, however, that the exam system has been devalued because it is becoming less and less relevant in its current format and it is for that reason that our youngsters are struggling to develop careers despite their exam success.They are doing everything that is asked of them; it is what we are asking of them that is wrong. For system transformations to take hold, we must look within, change the balance of power and move our view of education forward. It must become less political, and the mistrust between educationalists and politicians must go. We must get over our fixation with academic standards and high-stakes testing and stop believing that increased academic rigour is the answer to our future needs. It is interesting that, as the education system has become more academically focused in the West, the East has overtaken our productivity and industrial success, during which time they have looked to diversify and explore alternative methodologies of schooling. In places such as Hong Kong and Singapore vast amounts of money and time is being spent on developing highly-creative and dynamic approaches to future schooling. In Europe, too, there are some exciting and innovative strides being made in education, with excellent results, particularly in Finland, where personal development and skills are at the heart of educational development. In Australia, Canada and New Zealand, too, there has been a growing emphasis on the development of children’s behaviours, skills and emotional wellbeing. Sadly, even in these countries there has been a dramatic shift, as the obsession with PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) grows and countries all begin to revert to highly-prescriptive models
82
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 82
6/25/2014 12:18:30 PM
of curriculum and testing-based accountability structures. It will be interesting to see how the Finnish react to suddenly dropping down the PISA tables in the 2012 data, which was published at the end of 2013, having been the education superstars of the previous three-year cycle. What is perhaps more interesting is the reaction in China to being the new league leaders. In August 2013, they published a significant new government document specifically designed to end the academic hothousing in China’s schools, in line with their vision and understanding that they need to develop a more creative and innovative culture post industrialisation. The document is called ‘Ten Regulations to Lessen Academic Burden for Primary School Students’ and is as follows: 1 Transparent admissions. Admission to a school cannot take into account any
achievement certificates or examination results. Schools must admit all students based on their residency without considering any other factors. 2 Balanced Grouping. Schools must place students into classes and assign
teachers randomly. Schools are strictly forbidden to use any excuse to establish ‘fast-track’ and ‘slow-track’ classes. 3 ‘Zero-starting point’ Teaching. All teaching should assume all first-grade
students begin at zero proficiency. Schools should not artificially impose higher academic expectations and expedite the pace of teaching. 4 No Homework. No written homework is allowed in primary schools. Schools
can however assign appropriate experiential homework by working with parents and community resources to arrange field trips, library visits, and craft activities. 5 Reducing Testing. No standardised testing is allowed for grades 1 through 3;
for 4th grade and up, standardised testing is only allowed once per semester for Chinese language, math, and foreign language. Other types of tests cannot be given more than twice per semester. 6 Categorical Evaluation. Schools can only assess students using the categories
of ‘Exceptional, Excellent, Adequate, and Inadequate,’ replacing the traditional 100-point system. 7 Minimising Supplemental Materials. Schools can use at most one type of
material to supplement the textbook, with parental consent. Schools and teachers are forbidden to recommend, suggest, or promote any supplemental materials to students. 8 Strictly Forbidding Extra Class. Schools and teachers cannot organise or
offer extra instruction after regular schools hours, during winter and summer breaks and other holidays. Public schools and their teachers cannot organise or participate in extra instructional activities. 9 Minimum of One Hour of Physical Exercise. Schools are to guarantee
the offering of physical education classes in accordance with the national curriculum, physical activities and eye exercise during recess. The way forward?
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 83
83
6/25/2014 12:18:30 PM
10 Strengthening Enforcement. Education authorities at all levels of government
shall conduct regular inspection and monitoring of actions to lessen student academic burden and publish findings. Individuals responsible for academic burden reduction are held accountable by the government. Whilst we continue to be driven by the growing need to reassert our academic bravado and climb the PISA tables, with the same obsession as some oligarchowned soccer team, China is looking at a different league table, one produced by GEDI (The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute), a table I was first alerted to by the brilliant educational commentator Yong Zhao, a Chinese national who now lives and works in Oregon in the US. It is part of an annual report that details the level of economic activity in participating countries, dependent on new business and entrepreneurial activity. It, too, makes interesting reading. The 2014 report ranks countries as follows. At the top is the US, followed by Canada, Australia and Sweden: countries, with the exception of the US, that have focused over the last few years on more holistic education systems. The UK finds itself in tenth place, one ahead of Singapore. China is in 47th place, with the other BRIC countries; Brazil in 81st, Russia in 70th and India in 76th places respectively. India began to react to a recalibration of educational priorities at the turn of the millennium, when The Zee Media Corporation, one of the world’s largest media organisations, decided to develop a school system more capable of developing a workforce suited to the challenges of the twenty-first century. It now has nearly 100 schools across India and the opening paragraph of its vision states: For India to achieve its target of double-digit GDP growth, it needs to harness all its resource – the biggest one being our manpower. Sadly, our manpower today is not equipped to take on the challenge of leading India to its destiny. 35% of them are illiterate and the ones, who are certified literate, are barely employable.This is because their curiosity to learn and discover their unique potential is dulled and stamped out by our rote learning and testing approach. Everybody has to learn the same way, is tested the same way and there is no accommodation for each child’s uniqueness. So the question crying out to be asked is: why are we working so hard to reintroduce a system that has long been proven to be ineffective, given the challenges of the future? Our children need to develop their self-confidence, self-worth, creative and innovative thinking, team working and communication skills, to have a chance of competing in the global market place. We are all aware of this, nationally and internationally, but when was the last time your children had a lesson that focused on these skills as a priority? Where in the testing system are these skills assessed? It would be unfair, however, to focus all of the blame and pressure on politics and politicians, because the truth is that the opportunities already exist; schools have the power to innovate and to transform their learning approaches. It does,
84
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 84
6/25/2014 12:18:30 PM
however, lay down a real challenge to the education community and society in general. In some ways the safety net of being able to say, ‘Wouldn’t it be great if . . . but of course we can’t because we aren’t allowed’ has always been a little bit of a smokescreen. Schools have always had more autonomy than we often perceive, and that means that, to an extent, the onus is on us to make it happen. We have listened to the rallying cries of gurus such as Sir Ken Robinson and John Holt for years now, and the truth is that we must stop waiting for someone else to give us the answer or to explicitly give us permission. It is time to spread our own wings and fly. This is an easy sentiment, as to do this is a challenge all of its own, that requires great courage, vision, leadership, commitment and skill. It is time for the education profession to stand up and prove its professional status; it is time for communities to pull together and create a powerful vision for education and then to play an active role in making it happen. In Section 2 I will explore some possible methodologies and approaches that schools can apply now in order to help them evolve and meet the challenges we face. Many are based on strategies that we developed in my time at Grange and that have been proven in practice. It is to an extent the story of a group of amazing staff, courageous governors, and trusting parents and, above all, miraculous children. I will also address the challenges of leading change in our schools. The future is bright; the education system is filled with stunning creativity, dynamic leaders and future thinkers ready to drive our systems forward. By working in partnership with parents, we can evolve an approach that is not just fit for purpose, but is about LIVING, LEARNING and LAUGHING for every one of our children.
The way forward?
9781472912824_Ch12_Rev_txt_prf.indd 85
85
6/25/2014 12:18:30 PM
Section 2 The way it could be
9781472912824_Ch13_Rev_txt_prf.indd 87
6/25/2014 12:19:09 PM
18 Into the unknown
‘If our children do not look back on their years of schooling with affection, pride and positivity we have failed them!’ Sometimes I would walk around my school and watch the children learning, interacting and growing. I often wondered what would become of them. Who would they be? What would their lives hold? What part would our school have played in their success or failure? I often talk to trainee teachers about the privilege of the profession. Teaching is not just a job; it can’t be. We are responsible for the future; not just ours, but the thousands of lives we will touch in our roles. ‘To teach is to touch a life forever.’ Education is everything. Children spend the majority of their waking lives in school. If we don’t get it right, there is no second chance. Sometimes I would walk around my school when the learning was over and the school was closed. The children’s spirit still spilled out onto the corridors and their enthusiasm lit up the empty rooms. Children have a passion and desire for life that burns more powerfully than a flame. Their hopes and aspirations are unclouded by experience and the fear of reality or the unknown. Our children live for today and dream of tomorrow. Do we really want them to grow to become us? I want my children to grow, to feel confident in the world around them, to feel that they have a sense of purpose, of global belonging. I want my children to have control over their lives; to have the confidence, belief and skills to feel in control of their own destiny. Carpe diem, seize the day, a phrase originally written by Roman poet Horace, is a salient and thought-provoking challenge to us all. Do we seize the day and, if not, why not? We live in a world where the majority of us move through life with a sense of powerlessness, a powerlessness that is developed through our childhoods. As children we are taught to do as we are told. We are told that we must because the adults around us know best. This is, of course, the basis of traditional education. Interestingly for me, some of my most powerful learning experiences have come when children in my classes found their own, alternative strategies to problems I thought I had the solutions for and they were teaching me new pathways.
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 129
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
The feeling of powerlessness in education continues throughout our adult lives, most notably when the time comes for us to entrust our most precious things, our children, to the system.Yes, there is the supposed choice of institutions available to us, but no matter where the school or what the reputation, we still leave our kids at the gate and hope. For many of us, our child’s first day is one of the most traumatic of our lives; I have felt it as a parent and seen it as a teacher. We must put our faith in others. We start to run questions over in our own minds. Will they care for my child the way I do? Will they share my aspirations and dreams? Will my child thrive here? Will he or she be happy? The vast majority of teachers I have met are passionate about their jobs and the children they work with. The truth, however, is that teachers often feel as powerless as parents to do what they know is right. The increasing politicisation of the education system has led to a vastly different agenda, an agenda that is sending our children into a world that is evolving away at speeds that have left the establishment behind. Politicians live in a world dominated by short terms of office, sound bites, and media control and performance indicators. They are judged by statistics because none are around long enough to be held to account by real outcome. A child starting school today will more than likely be in the system for a minimum of 13–14 years.Very few governments get that much time to exhibit success. The governments, whoever and wherever they are, do not have that much time, so they need to create instant measurable accountability. They live in a world of self-created targets and statistics, a world that is held to account by figures. Investment and policy are driven to meet the expectations of these outcomes and altered to respond to the conclusions to make maximum short-term impact. Their world is perversely controlled by the communication systems of the twenty-first century, by the instant, on-demand generation. The governments, who represent us, will tell us that the performance culture of statistics and tables is the world that we demanded. They tell us that they were created to make them more accountable to us, to help us understand and set the agenda. They will tell us that they have led to a rapid rise in standards. How do they know? Because their statistics tell us. In education I am regularly told that league tables and high-stakes testing exist because the electorate demands them. Interestingly, I have met very few parents who think high-stakes testing at primary/ elementary school age is a good thing. Indeed, behind closed doors, many senior policy makers will agree. Ownership and empowerment are the keys to education and the transformation our system needs. I do not want my two children to be seen as statistics, ever! My children are human beings; they are unique, and I want a system that recognises that. I want to be able to guarantee that my children leave school equipped to meet the extraordinary challenges of their future. A ‘sorry’ from the system that got it
130
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 130
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
wrong, will not be acceptable. Besides, in 20 years, who will still be around to be held to account? Education is about the future, not about the past; yet that is where we find ourselves. Education is politically dangerous because it is so emotive. Politicians cannot afford danger, so political safety must come first. As a result, we have created generations of people who are a product of that conservative philosophy. The future is a risky place; it is unknown and it is uncontrollable. The birth of the Internet is testament to this. As the first adult generations of the twenty-first century, the future is even scarier because our education did not prepare us to deal with change, with the concept of the unknown. The traditional system deals with certainties, set outcomes, one experience for all. We look to the past to find comfort and reassurance. We cling to the present in the hope that we can stop the revolution into the future. Our leaders rely on our own discomfort in order to justify their own limited aspirations for our tomorrows. The world hierarchy is changing and the power lies in the hands of the people who are equipping their generations for the future. The new pioneers are not coming from within the established world order and, no matter what we say and how we feel, it is time for us to learn new lessons and reinvent our education systems. It is all very well the policy makers celebrating our past and educational heritage, the fact that we are often held up as the founders of the modern education model. There was a time when we were the centre of the Industrial Revolution. Where did standing still get us then? While we obsess with basic, traditional educational values, the world around us is developing new models that will soon see our children as third-world learners. The Government in the UK is playing lip service to the challenge by sanctioning endless research into the future models of curriculum and schooling; yet none of it has impacted on the holistic systemic transformation that is needed. We have the expertise, the knowledge, and the research; sadly, there is not the mainstream political will. Ironically the Government in the modern age is too scared to depart from the traditional line. In some way the system itself is imploding through its own obsession with public opinion. Governments have developed statistical accountability measures and believe that the public will not allow them to look for new approaches. As a result, the system is being driven by statistics, not quality, and our leaders have become stifled by the same thing our education system is doing to our children: strangled by an inability to engage in innovation and change due to the fear of risk. And this is where we come in. Despite what we may believe, as teachers and as parents, we hold the key. We cannot allow the system to control our children’s futures, to hamper their chances, to limit their progress. I have a friend who is quite possibly the coolest guy I know; he is inspirational, sees the world differently and is incredibly humble. Every time I am in his company, he stimulates and provokes my thinking and my imagination. I want to share a
Into the unknown
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 131
131
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
recent conversation we had while sitting in a cafe at the magnificent St Pancras Station in London. His name is Sébastien Foucan. Now the name may not mean anything to you, but he is the founder of free running and Parkour. He found fame as the villain in the stunning chase sequence at the start of the James Bond film, Casino Royale. He is one of those people who, if you are an overweight, balding, middle-aged man like me, you should want to hate; he is perfect! When Seb was a boy, he and his friend would hang around the housing estate where he lived with his family: a tough and grey suburb on the outskirts of Paris. One day an artist started to build a concrete sculpture in between the soulless apartment blocks. This fascinated Seb, and as soon as it was finished, he and his friend started climbing all over it. It was a seminal moment for him, as it was the point at which he began to see his urban landscape in a different light; and it was the moment at which free running was born. He started to look at architecture and buildings as places to explore, to travel over and around. He became fascinated by the human body and its ability to break its own conventions. I will never forget when we met each other; we were both speaking at a conference in the historic Russian city of Ekaterinburg, the city where Tsar Nicholas and his family were murdered after the Russian Revolution. As we walked through the streets together, I was looking at the beautiful buildings, the river and the people making their way through the streets. Seb was looking up at the roofs and upper floors. It was then that I realised that he sees the world differently from you and me. When I asked him what he was looking at and why, he said, ‘The spaces between the buildings; I am working out how I would travel across the spaces; between the physical shapes.’ This really captured my interest, so the other day, when we were sitting there, surrounded by the Victorian splendour of St Pancras, its high glass roof and exposed iron work, I asked him to expand on what he had said when we had first met. It turns out that, unlike me, he doesn’t see buildings as solid objects that block out the light; he doesn’t even notice them; he is always looking for the spaces, the gaps that allow him to explore the world the way he wants. It matches his life philosophy actually, that you can achieve anything and that our bodies are capable of so much more than we think. We just have to look over, under and around the obstacles we build for ourselves. The more I reflect on his words and the way he sees the world, the more I think of him as water. If you think about it, water flowing through a stream doesn’t stop because its path appears to be blocked by a few rocks and stones; no, it flows around them, over them, through the small gaps between them, and as it flows it erodes the obstructions, which, over time, creates bigger and bigger gaps, allowing it to flow freer and stronger by the day. I spend so long talking to teachers who are frustrated by the barriers that are in their way to do what they know is right; and too many stop there, daunted by the
132
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 132
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
scale of those obstructions. I wonder, actually, if we become too fixated by them. Maybe we should see ourselves like water; like Seb.We should always be looking for the spaces, the gaps and start there. If we all did that together and started to activate our ideas, soon they would start to erode the policies and people in the way, and before long, we too could be free running and, perhaps more importantly, so could our children! As communities we have more opportunity than ever before to take active roles in our children’s education. Schools serve their communities and should be accountable to them. We must not be satisfied by the system or made to feel inadequate by it. Never lose sight of your children and their importance. Ensure our children’s voices are heard. Ask them what they would like for their education to be better. They are experts in the idea of the world of tomorrow. I heard a great question recently, asked of a group of adults, ‘Who taught you to tweet?’ Speak to business leaders in your community and invite them to work together with your school to develop experiences that will help equip children with the skills they need for the future. Forward-thinking organisations know that the earlier they invest in the youth in their local community, the more impact they can have on their future employee base. Above all, communication holds the key to educational success. We must not be intimidated by developing working partnerships that mould our schools. The truth is that there is far more freedom for schools than many believe. There are schools like Grange, more innovative than Grange, developing the most extraordinary learning experiences for their children, which are leading to significant success for the pupils, the staff, the schools and their whole communities. The new blueprints for a future curriculum encourage schools to develop their own by working with their community to create tailor-made journeys for their children. Get involved and use this book to stimulate discussion! I have included the examples from Grange to underline that change is possible. We evolved innovative and exciting practices and experiences within the law and within the statutory requirements of the National Curriculum. The results have been extraordinary. I know that our pupils were fit for their futures and will thrive within them. It took courage and a determination to do what was right for our children, not necessarily what was comfortable for us. We wrote our story – staff, pupils and the wider community – all working together to achieve something of which we were all proud. It was summed up for me when one of our 8-year-old children wrote of Grange, ‘I love my school, my school is fantastic and I helped make it great.’ There is a damaging misconception in a number of schools that the curriculum is restrictive and prevents innovation and change. This is not the case. In the late 1990s the Department of Education gave schools the opportunity to apply for
Into the unknown
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 133
133
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
permission to suspend the National Curriculum if they had rigorous plans to create alternative approaches that would have a measurable impact on the pupils. It was called the ‘power to innovate’. The Innovation Unit was set up to administer the requests and grant the permissions. In over 90 per cent of the applications and plans submitted, the power to innovate was unnecessary, as the schools’ proposals were possible within existing legislation. Schools need the confidence of knowing they have the support of their parents to move forward, to develop for the real benefit of their pupils. I meet so many incredible school leaders who have fantastic plans for their schools, highly innovative plans and forward-thinking strategies to drive their schools into the twenty-second century, yet so many of them tell me that they have suppressed those plans because they fear the reaction of their governing body, their parent community, Ofsted, the Government.They know that their plans will impact on their children, our children, but the barriers that surround them prevent them from making the changes that matter, to the people that matter most. If, as educators and parents, we work together we can change the system and, when we do, we will be able to look with pride at our grown children and smile when they talk of the chances and dreams they have achieved as a result of their learning. In a memorable quote, the founder of the Eden Project, Tim Smit, says of teachers: ‘If all we did was to commit ourselves to leaving this world a better place than we found it, of leading our lives so at the end we could say, ‘I am glad I did’ rather than ‘I wish I had’, we would have a chance of creating a beautiful civilisation. In my view, teachers are the lodestone of society.We entrust our most valuable gift, our children and ourselves, to them. If that is so, by definition teachers are the shapers of the future, the architects of a better world by lighting the fires of the imagination and the gentleness of a shared humanity.’ T. Smit, Eden To an extent he is right. Teaching is an extraordinary profession, a vocation and, above all, a great privilege. However, teachers cannot educate our children by themselves. It is not teachers or parents who are the shapers of the future; it is our children.We can provide them with the materials, the skills and competencies; then it is over to them. Together, we can prepare our children for their future. If we stand still and do nothing, we will have only ourselves to blame. We must not allow ghosts of the past to haunt our children in their future. Together, as parents and educators, we must build a system that will illuminate their world. We must ensure a system that develops in them the skills and experiences to feel confident in their tomorrow. It is up to us not to fear, but to prepare them to lead us into the unknown.
134
Creating Tomorrow’s Schools Today
9781472912824_Ch18_Rev_txt_prf.indd 134
6/25/2014 12:18:33 PM
Bloomsbury Education An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square London WC1B 3DP UK
1385 Broadway New York NY 10018 USA
www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury is a registered trade mark of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Published 2014 First published 2010 by Continuum International Publishing Group © Richard Gerver 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or information storage or retrieval systems – without the prior permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: PB: 9781472906915 ePub: 9781472912831 ePDF: 9781472912824 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Typeset by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY This book is produced using paper that is made from wood grown in managed, sustainable forests. It is natural, renewable and recyclable. The logging and manufacturing processes conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin.
9781472912824_FM_Rev_txt_prf.indd iv
6/25/2014 5:55:24 PM
If you read only one Education manifesto in the next year, this is it!
It’s time to focus on the needs of our children, not the whims of our politicians.