Danger Books (2012) Study Guide

danger: books!

Study Guide

Content by Megan Mills & Gail Sehlhorst

Illustration by Jed Dunkerley

Special Thanks to Seattle Public Library

How To Use This Study Guide The Danger: Books! program explores the First Amendment through the issue of banning and challenging books.

In this study guide you will find: - -

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Questions and facts that will prepare your students for the program.

A step-by-step classroom activity called “Challenge Your Own Text” where you and your students hold your own challenge hearing using a book you are reading in class.

One-page informational summaries on the stories your students will see.

Design by Shannon Erickson.

Study Guide © 2012 Book-It Repertory Theatre. No parts of this guide may be reproduced without express permission.

introduction to danger: books!

The Danger: Books! program is a series of readings from books that have been banned or challenged in the United States. The chosen selections demonstrate some of the reasons these books have been banned or challenged. This program is a celebration of the First Amendment, specifically, the freedom of speech. The focus of this program is on why books are banned and challenged. The actors read the selections in the Book-It StyleTM with a lengthy discussion following.

introduction to book-it Repertory Theatre’s Arts & Education Program Book-It’s Arts and Education Program is dedicated to inspiring people of all ages to read. We tour a diverse range of stories to schools, libraries, and community venues throughout the Pacific Northwest, conduct long-term residencies in schools, offer teacher professional development for school staff, and present low-cost student matinees of our mainstage shows. What you will see and hear at a Book-It performance is literature spoken by the characters as if it were dialogue in a play.

The unique Book-It StyleTM preserves the author’s voice by speaking both narrative and character dialogue—including the “he said’s” and “she said’s.” Book-It takes the written word back to its roots—storytelling!

Our Mission: To provide an interactive Eloisa Cardona and Kay Nahm in Where the Mountain Meets the Moon. Photo by Chris Bennion. relationship between youth and literature through theatrical productions and educational programs that promote the joy of reading, embrace diversity, enhance student and teacher learning, and inspire the imagination.

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pre-show

discussion topics

The first amendment “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.”

Visit www.ala.org/ala/issuesadvocacy/intfreedom/censorshipfirstamendmentissues/index.cfm

banned books vs. challenged books A Challenge Anyone can challenge a book. The challenge process begins when someone objects to materials in a school library or public library collection. Once a book is formally challenged, it is taken off the shelf and reviewed by a committee, which may be comprised of librarians, parents, library users, board members, and teachers. Each individual library will determine whether the challenged book is made available to patrons of the library until a decision is reached.

A Ban A book that is banned is taken off the shelves forever—or until someone contests the ruling.

Top reasons for books to be challenged or banned: - sexual content - offensive language - unsuitable for specific age groups - witchcraft, Satanism, and the occult

discussion questions 1. How do you react when you read material that includes any of these top reasons?

2. How do you feel about censoring books?

3. Is censorship ever appropriate?

4. Have you ever been hurt and/or offended by something you have read in a book?

5. Are racist remarks acceptable to illustrate the racism of a character?

6. Are racist remarks acceptable to represent a historical time period?

7. Do situations written in books serve to encourage or discourage behaviors?

For more information on banning and challenging check out these websites.

Washington State ACLU www.aclu.org/Affliates/SubsiteDetail.cfm?Subsite=Washington The Freedom to Read Foundation www.ftrf.org Banned Books Week www.ala.org/bbooks Intellectual Freedom Issue www.ala.org/oif/ifissues

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post show

classroom activity

challenge your own text After the show, put a text of your choosing on trial. Use the American Library Association website below to learn how a challenge hearing works, and see if you would ban your book.

procedure for a classroom challenge hearing Day One 1. Identify the text to be questioned.

(Choose a book the class has read or is currently reading.)

2. Read “Conducting a Challenge Hearing” at www.ala.org/Template. cfm?Section=dealing&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=77094 3. Choose three or five students to be the Judge panel (use an uneven number to avoid a tie), then divide the class into two groups.

4. Assign the groups’ positions: one group wants the specific book banned, the other group does not want the book banned.

Day Two 5. Present the following time schedule. This schedule fits a 50 minute class period.

15 minutes: 10 minutes:

5 minutes: 6 minutes: 3 minutes:

4 minutes: 3 minutes: 2 minutes:

Students prepare by searching the text to support their position.

Each group has 5 minutes to present their opening argument; the group listening should take notes to prepare for their opposing argument.

Students confer and gather information to argue the opposing points.

Each group has 3 minutes to present a rebuttal argument.

Students prepare a summation (a hint: assign group members early to be writing this throughout the entire argument session, highlighting weaknesses of the opposition and strengths of their own side).

Each group has 2 minutes to present their final argument.

The Judge panel discusses the case using notes from each group’s case.

The Judge panel presents their opinion that is supported with an explanation of the topics and their implications. Then the verdict is revealed.

Use these websites as a resource to see how a challenge is run at a library. You can also use them to learn more about actual cases that deal with banning and challenging issues.

Challenges to Books and Library Materials www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/oif/challengesupport/dealing/default.cfm Notable First Amendments Court Cases www.ala.org/ala/aboutala/offices/oif/firstamendment/courtcases/courtcases.cfm Status of Recent Cases www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/affiliates/relatedgroups/freedomtoreadfoundation/ftrfinaction/ recentcasestatus/statusrecent.cfm

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story summary

All But Alice

by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor Recommended Age: Middle School

the text

This popular series features the appealing Alice McKinley, a young teen who lost her mother at an early age and is finding adolescence difficult without a feminine role model. In this book of the series, Alice decides that the best way to face the potential disasters of the seventh grade is to join the “in” group. At first, Alice’s association with the group proves to be helpful, but Alice discovers that being a part of the “in” crowd comes with its own challenges.

Alice learns that simply joining a group cannot solve all of her problems or answer all of her questions.

Chapter for the staged reading: Chapter 4: Zombie Girls In this chapter, Alice decides to join the sisterhood of women. She learns some lessons in censorship as she writes to a rock star whose song lyrics offend her musician father.

the controversy

In 1997, All but Alice was removed from school libraries in Rosemount-Apple Valley-Eagan, Minnesota due to a passage where the heroine discusses sexually oriented rock lyrics with her father and older brother. The school board member who introduced the motion to remove the book said, “It’s not about censorship. It’s not about the First Amendment. It’s about selection of age-appropriate materials.” This series is often challenged or banned on the grounds that the books are sexually explicit, use offensive language and are unsuited to the age group. Critics also claim that the books promote homosexuality and that the issues discussed in the books, such as menstruation, sex, and puberty, are topics best left to parents. From the years of 2001-2011 the Alice series made the American Library Association’s list of “Top Ten Challenged Books” five times, including the top place in 2003. It is the second book on the “Top 100 Banned/Challenged Books: 2000-2009.”

the author

Phyllis Reynolds Naylor was born January 4, 1933, in Anderson, Indiana, to a strongly religious family with conservative, Midwestern values. Though she grew up during the Depression without a lot of money, Naylor never felt poor because her family owned good books. When Naylor was sixteen she began writing stories and poems for a church paper. Encouraged, she decided to sell short stories to widely read magazines. Naylor earned a bachelor’s degree in psychology from American University. After this, she began a family and wrote a column for teenagers that would continue for twenty-five years. In 1965 she published her first book, a short story collection called The Galloping Goat and Other Stories. Since then, she has published over 138 books. Her children’s book, Shiloh, was awarded the Newberry Medal in 1992.

Sources:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/all-but-alice-phyllis-reynolds-naylor/1100215194?ean=9781442427563 www.ala.org/Template.cfm?Section=bbwlinks&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=164710 www.ala.org/advocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/21stcenturychallenged www.amazon.com/Phyllis-Reynolds-Naylor/e/B000APV99G www.childrensbookguild.org/phyllis-reynolds-naylor www.btsb.com/libcorner/showcase/AuthorDetail.php?ID=253&BACK=BrowseByName.php All But Alice by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre. Used by permission of John Hawkins & Associates, Inc., on behalf of Phyllis Reynolds Naylor. Copyright © 1992.

All rights reserved.

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story summary

The Outsiders

by S.E. Hinton Recommended Age: Middle School

the text

Ponyboy Curtis believes there are two groups of people in the world – the greasers who live close to the fringes of society and the socs (short for “social”) who are wealthy and can get away with anything. Ponyboy, himself, is fourteen and a greaser. The rival gangs are always at odds and live locked in brawls. One night there is trouble when Ponyboy’s closest friend, Johnny, kills a soc. Haunted by the fight, Ponyboy is left to confront his feelings about the world in which he lives and the knowledge that pain is universal whether a greaser or a soc.

Chapter for the staged reading: Chapter Five In this chapter, Ponyboy and Johnny hide out in the back of an abandoned country church. They disguise themselves by cutting their hair and bleaching Ponyboy’s. Both are distraught about what happened the night before, but after some sleep, resolve that they can handle whatever lies ahead.

the controversy

The Outsiders is number 43 on the American Library Association’s list of “100 Most Frequently Challenged Books from: 1990-2000.” This book has been challenged or banned due to obscene language, gang violence, excessive smoking, drinking, drug abuse, and the portrayal of broken families. It was challenged in 1992 in the Boone School District in Iowa and again in 2001 at George Washington Middle School in West Virginia – both due to excessive gang violence and the glamorization of smoking and drinking.

the author

“S.” and “E.” are the initials for Susan Eloise Hinton who wrote her first novel, The Outsiders, while still in high school at age 16 in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Since the story is told from the point of view of a fourteen-year-old boy, it was decided that Hinton’s initials should be used to avoid discouraging boys from reading the book who might not normally read a female author. The Outsiders was an immediate sensation in 1967 – the pressure of this success resulted in three years of writer’s block. Hinton overcame this slump with the help of her now husband, who suggested that she write two pages every day. Hinton has continued to write for over thirty years. She received the first annual Margaret A. Edwards Award in 1988 from the American Library Association and School Library Journal for her successful representation of the voices of young people through literature. Today, there are more than eight million copies of The Outsiders in print, and it is the best-selling young adult novel of all time.

Sources:

www.sehinton.com/bio.html# www.amazon.com/S.-E.-Hinton/e/B000AQ1R5G/ref=sr_tc_2_0?qid=1343346036&sr=1-2-ent www.barnesandnoble.com/w/outsiders-se-hinton/1100458329?ean=9780140385724 www.ala.org/advocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/challengedbydecade/1990_1999 http://bannedbooks.world.edu/2011/05/08/banned-books-awareness-outsiders/ The Outsiders by S.E. Hinton. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre.

Used by permission of Curtis Brown, Ltd. Copyright © 1967. All rights reserved.

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story summary

The Boy Who Lost His Face

by Louis Sachar Recommended Age: Middle School

the text

The Boy Who Lost His Face, by Louis Sachar, tells the story of David, a young boy who is having a difficult time adjusting to the social pressures of middle school. David thinks he is cursed by an old woman after he and his friends cruelly harass her. He tries to be cool, but his friends leave him to take the blame for their prank. His life does not improve until he learns to stop trying to blend in with the crowd. New friends, particularly a strong girl named “Mo,” help David regain his dignity.

Chapters for the staged reading: Chapters 5 and 13 In this scene, David and his friend Maureen (Mo) are harassed and ridiculed in shop class. While David remains passive, Mo responds with wit to the bullies and encourages David to stand up for himself.

Please note that mild profanity is used.

the controversy

The Boy Who Lost His Face has been challenged in school districts across the country for its use of profanity. It was removed from Jackson Township Elementary in Clay City, Indiana in 1993 because of “unsuitable words.” It was challenged at Golden View Elementary in San Ramon, California in 1993 because of profanity, frequent use of obscene gestures, and other inappropriate subject matter. It was removed from Cuyler Elementary in Red Creek, New York in 1993 because “the age level and use of some swear words may make it inappropriate to younger children.” It was also challenged at the Thousand Oaks Library in California in 1991 because of inappropriate language. All of these controversies help to make it number 49 on the American Library Association’s “100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1999-2000” list.

the author

Louis Sachar was born in Eastmeadow, New York. He still remembers how cool he thought it was to visit his father in his office on the 78th floor of the Empire State Building. People and events from Sachar’s own life influence his writing. Louis met his wife, Carla, when she was a counselor at an elementary school. She is the inspiration for the character of the counselor in There’s a Boy in the Girl’s Bathroom. They were married in 1985 and their daughter Sherre was born in 1987. She was four years old when he started writing the Marvin Redpost series – hence Marvin has a four-year old sister. In his free time, Louis likes to ski, play chess, cards, and the guitar. Among Louis Sachar’s numerous writing awards are the Newberry Medal Award, New York Times Outstanding Book of the Year, National Book Award and School Library Journal Best Book of the Year (all for Holes), the Children’s Choice Award from the International Reading Association (1979), 1987 Parent’s Choice Award, and the 1990 Young Reader’s Choice Award.

Sources:

www.louissachar.com/Bio.htm www.ala.org/ala/oif/bannedbooksweek/bbwlinks/100mostfrequently.htm www.worldcat.org/title/boy-who-lost-his-face/oclc/18254955 The Boy Who Lost His Face by Louis Sachar. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre.

Performed by special arrangement with Susan Schulman Literary Agency, New York. Copyright © 1997.

All rights reserved.

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story summary

Brave New World

by Aldous Huxley Recommended Age: High School

the text

Considered to be Aldous Huxley’s most celebrated work, Brave New World is a bitterly satirical account of an inhumane society controlled by technology, in which art and religion have been abolished and human beings reproduce by artificial fertilization. Civilization has been reconstituted through efficient scientific and psychological engineering. Humans are genetically bred to be passive and useful to the ruling order. But what happens when flaws are uncovered in this apparent utopia, characters begin to question their passive roles, and the rigid society is challenged?

Chapter for the staged reading: Chapter Three In this chapter, the virtues of the utopian society are expounded where, “Everyone belongs to everyone else.” Family and fidelity are dirty words and promiscuity is encouraged.

the controversy

Brave New World has a long history of censorship. Immediately after publication it was banned in Ireland for obscenity. It is required reading in many middle and high schools across the country, but it was removed from the Foley High School Library in Alabama because a parent complained that the characters show contempt for religion, marriage, and family. In Seattle, the book has been challenged for the reasons of racial insensitivity and misinformation about Native Americans. This novel is 36 on the American Library Association’s “Top 100 Banned/ Challenged Books: 2000-2009” and it is the 7th most challenged book of 2011 for reasons of nudity, racism, insensitivity, and explicit sexuality.

the author

Aldous Leonard Huxley, the English novelist and essayist, was born July 26, 1894 in Surrey, England, and he died on November 22, 1963 in Los Angeles. He was a member of a distinguished scientific and literary family.

Huxley intended to study medicine, but was prevented by an eye ailment that almost blinded him at the age of 16. He turned to literature, publishing two volumes of poetry while still a student at Oxford. His reputation was firmly established by his first novel, Crome Yellow, a witty satire on the intellectual pretensions of his time. He also discussed philosophical and social topics in a volume of essays, Proper Studies. In both fiction and nonfiction Huxley became increasingly critical of Western civilization. Huxley’s distress at what he regarded as the spiritual bankruptcy of the modern world led him toward mysticism and the use of hallucinatory drugs. Huxley was primarily a moral philosopher who used fiction during his early career as a vehicle for ideas. He abhorred conformity and denounced the orthodox attitudes of his time.

Sources:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/brave-new-world-aldous-huxley/1100158848?ean=9780060850524 www.imdb.com/name/nm0404717/bio www.levity.com/corduroy/huxley.htm http://bannedbooks.world.edu/2011/10/17/banned-books-awareness-brave-world/ www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/compost/post/for-banned-books-week-two-reasons-to-ban-brave-newworld/2011/09/28/gIQAViSe5K_blog.html www.ala.org/advocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/21stcenturychallenged Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre.

Copyright © 1932, 1946 by Aldous Huxley. Used by arrangement with Georges Borchardt, Inc., on behalf of the Aldous and Laura Huxley Literary Trust, Mark Trevenen Huxley, and Teresa Huxley. All rights reserved.

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story summary

Fahrenheit 451

by Ray Bradbury Recommended Age: High School

the text

Set in the 24th century, Fahrenheit 451 tells the story of Guy Montag. In this dystopian future, the totalitarian society allows television to rule while books are considered an illegal commodity. At first, Montag takes pleasure in his profession as a fireman, burning illegally owned books and the homes of their owners. He begins to question his life, society, and existence when he meets his eccentric neighbor, Clarisse. Montag eventually flees his oppressive society to join an underground network of intellectuals. After witnessing great destruction, Montag decides to dedicate himself to rebuilding a literate and cultured society.

Chapter for the staged reading: Part 2, “The Sieve and the Sand” In this section, Montag contacts the elusive Faber, who also reads banned literature and outfits him with an ear device so they can communicate. On his return home, Montag finds his wife and her friend eagerly awaiting their television program. He loses control and tortures them by reading from a book of poetry. Faber instructs him over the ear piece to burn the book, but the damage is already done.

the controversy

Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in some U.S. public schools for socialist themes and profanity. In late 1998, this book was removed from the required reading list at West Marion High School in Foxworth, Mississippi. A parent complained of the use of the words “God damn” in the book. In 2006, a parent in the Caney school district in Texas challenged the book for discussions of drunkenness, cigarettes, violence, and using God’s name in vain.

Coincidentally, a request to ban this book at Caney Creek High School in Texas was made during Banned Books Week. Fahrenheit 451 is 69th on the American Library Association’s “Top 100 Banned/Challenged Books: 20002009.”

the author

Ray Bradbury was born August 22, 1920 in Waukegan, Illinois. He graduated from a Los Angeles High School in 1938. He became a “student of life,” selling newspapers on L.A. street corners, spending his nights in the public library and his days at the typewriter. Bradbury decided to become a fulltime writer in 1943, and subsequently contributed numerous short stories to periodicals before publishing a collection of them, Dark Carnival, in 1947.

He has been known as a writer of courage and vision since the publication of The Martian Chronicles in 1950. Next came The Illustrated Man and in 1953, Fahrenheit 451, which is widely considered to be Bradbury’s masterpiece.

Overall, Bradbury has published more than thirty books, close to 600 short stories, and numerous poems, essays, and plays. He has won many awards including the O. Henry Memorial Award, has received an Emmy Award, and a nomination for an Academy Award. Bradbury died at the age of 91 on June 5, 2012.

Sources:

www.raybradbury.com/bio.html www.amazon.com/Ray-Bradbury/e/B000AQ1HW4/ref=ntt_dp_epwbk_0 www.barnesandnoble.com/w/fahrenheit-451-ray-bradbury/1100383286?ean=9781451673319 http://world.edu/banned-book-awareness-fahrenheit-451-ray-bradbury/ http://abclocal.go.com/ktrk/story?section=news/local&id=4625303 www.ala.org/advocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/challengedbydecade/2000_2009 Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Read with the permission of Don Congdon Associates, Inc. © 1953, renewed 1981 by Ray Bradbury.

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story summary

The MisEducation of Cameron Post

by emily m. danforth Recommended Age: High School

the text

When Cameron Post’s parents die in a car crash she is forced to move in with her Aunt Ruth and Grandmother. But Cam has a secret; hours before her parents death she was kissing a girl. As she adjusts to her new life in Miles City, Montana, Cam struggles to discover who she is. Cam is exploring her lesbian sexuality when her secret is revealed to her conservative Aunt and she is sent to God’s Promise, a school designed to help cure homosexual tendencies. Cameron is left to discover her true self and to make the choice of accepting or denying who she is.

Chapter for the staged reading: Chapter 14 In this chapter, Cameron has her first experiences with the staff and disciples at God’s Promise School. She meets Reverend Rick and Promise Psychologist/Assistant Director Lydia March, who are there to support her in one-onone’s as she begins this journey. Cameron is counseled to accept Jesus as her savior and identify the events in her life that have led to this “harmful ‘gay’ image.”

Please note that profanity is used.

the controversy

Released on February 7, 2012, The Miseducation of Cameron Post is sure to meet controversy as the character, Cameron, confronts her lesbian sexuality. According to the American Library Association’s “Challenges by Reason, 1990-2010” chart, there have been 892 challenges in reference to homosexuality. An example of a similar book is The Well of Loneliness by Radclyffe Hall published in 1928 and banned immediately for obscenity due to the lesbian central character.

the author

emily m. danforth likes the look of her name when it is not capitalized. She was born and raised in Miles City, Montana where a portion of her first novel, The Miseducation of Cameron Post, takes place. emily has an MFA in Fiction from the University of Montana, and a Ph.D. in English-Creative Writing from the University of Nebraska.

Her novel was also her dissertation for her Ph.D. emily’s fiction has both won, and been nominated, for a variety of awards including nominations for the Pushcart Prize. She is now teaching English literature and creative writing courses at Rhode Island College in Providence where she lives with her wife.

Sources:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-miseducation-of-cameron-post-emily-m-danforth/1103168077?e an=9780062020567 www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/authors/profiles/article/52825-spring-2012-flying-starts-emily-mdanforth.html www.emdanforth.com/sbio.php www.ala.org/advocacy/banned/frequentlychallenged/stats www.amazon.com/The-Well-Loneliness-Radclyffe-Hall/dp/184022455X The Miseducation of Cameron Post by Emily Danforth. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre. Used by permission of Jean V. Naggar Literary Agency, Inc. on behalf of Emily Danforth.

Copyright ©2012. All rights reserved.

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story summary

Where Willy Went

by Nicholas Allan Recommended Age: All

the text

Willy is a sperm living inside Mr. Browne. He and his arch-nemesis Butch train every day for the big race – a competition in which all the 300 million sperm living inside of Mr. Browne will race for the chance to get to Mrs. Browne’s egg first. In school, Willy is not very good at math, but he is very good at swimming. When the day of the big race rolls around, Willy puts on his swimming goggles and prepares to face his rival sperm. He swims as fast as he can – and at the end of the race, Willy disappears! Nine months later, Mrs. Browne gives birth to a baby girl named Edna who grows up to be terrible at math, but she is an excellent swimmer.

the controversy

Where Willy Went was challenged at the Chandler Public Library System in Arizona for being inappropriate for its intended audience. A parent requested that the book be moved from the children’s area to a restricted parenting collection. Chandler’s library board decided to keep the book where it was.

Greg McClay, a librarian who writes a blog called, “SHUSH: a website for the conservative librarian,” wrote about the book in a section of his blog in which he discusses books he believes should be banned. He wrote, “To say this picture book is completely inappropriate for its age group doesn’t even begin to describe it. Possibly a great gag gift at a wedding and baby showers but that’s about it.”

the author

Nichols Allan is an English children’s book author and illustrator who has written over thirty books for young people. He was born in Brighton, and went to Brighton College before attending the Slade School of Art to study painting. Ever since he published The Hefty Fairy in 1989, Nicholas has been a writer and an illustrator full time.

Many of his books, including Where Willy Went, have been best-sellers in England. He is also the author of books such as The Queen’s Knickers, Demon Teddy, Cinderella’s Bum, and Jesus’ Christmas Party. Nicholas Allan has also won numerous awards for his books and animation, including the Children’s National Book Award for Demon Teddy, and the Sheffield Children’s Book Award for The Queen’s Knickers.

Sources:

www.nicholasallan.co.uk/about_the_author.htm http://bookshelvesofdoom.blogs.com/bookshelves_of_doom/2007/09/more-book-chall.html www.amazon.com/Where-Willy-Went-Story-Little/dp/0099456486/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid= 1343797862&sr=1-1&keywords=Where+Willy+Went http://lis450group3thepatriots.blogspot.com/2006/11/group-3-bibliography-freedom-to-read.html www.usatoday.com/news/education/2008-10-22-challengedbooks_N.htm Where Willy Went by Nicholas Allan. Adapted by Laura Ferri for Book-It Repertory Theatre. Reproduced by permission of A.M. Heath and Co. on behalf of Nicholas Allan. Copyright ©2004. All rights reserved.

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