2014/15 Large landscape flip flap diary

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DIARY & academic planner

2014/2015 004 008 012 104 113

PROJECT PLANNER QUARTERLY PLANNER WEEK-TO-VIEW CALENDAR WATERLOO RESOURCES SECTION

Whilst great care has been taken in compiling the information in this diary, the publisher cannot accept responsibility for any errors. Š Boomerang Ed. 2014


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AUGUST 2014

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QUARTERLY PL ANNER

NOVEMBER 2014 Sat

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QUARTERLY PL ANNER

MAY 2015 01

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AUG 14

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WW1: Britain had declared war on Germany, 4th August 1914 - ‘Your King and Country Need You’ slogans published

11 MONDAY sombār

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

12 TUESDAY mangalbār

GOALS ACHIEVED?

International Youth Day www.un.org

AM PM

One hundred years ago this month WW1 commenced. Following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914 and the subsequent escalation of hostilities across Europe, Germany executed the ‘Schlieffen Plan’ and invaded France. Britain sent the BEF in mid-August 1914 to assist the French in confronting the Germans. Do you know what BEF stands for? Week:

13 WEDNESDAY bud bār h

International Left-Handers Day www.lefthandersday.com

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Days in Nepali


14 THURSDAY bihibār

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15 FRIDAY sukabār

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AUG

17 SUNDAY āitbār

NOTES HOME

Answer: BEF – British Expeditionary Force

16 SATURDAY sańcarbār

Janmashtami – Hinduism

doesn’t lie in not reaching your goal. “ The tragedy inThelifetragedy lies in having no goal to reach BENJAMIN MAYS

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AUG 14

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18 MONDAY sombār

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

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19 TUESDAY mangalbār

GOALS ACHIEVED?

World Humanitarian Day www.worldhumanitarianday.org

AM PM

On 21st August 1914 Private John Parr became the first British soldier to die in WW1. Parr is buried in St Symphorien Military Cemetery, near Mons. On his gravestone his age is given as 20, the army not knowing his true age of 16. His grave also faces that of George Edwin Ellison, the last British soldier killed during WW1.

20 WEDNESDAY bud bār h

150th anniversary of the Periodic Table of Elements, 1864

AM PM

Week:

Days in Nepali


21 THURSDAY bihibār

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WW1: Centenary of the BEF’s first substantial action in WW1 – Battle of Mons, Belgium, 1914

22 FRIDAY sukabār

AM PM

Slavery Remembrance Day www.un.org

NOTES HOME

AUG

23 SATURDAY sańcarbār 24 SUNDAY āitbār

“ You must be the change you wish to see in the world ” GANDHI

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AUG 14

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25 MONDAY sombār

Summer Bank Holiday

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

26 TUESDAY mangalbār

GOALS ACHIEVED?

WW1: The Battle of Le Cateau, France, 1914

AM PM

‘Your King and Country Need You’ In the opening weeks of the First World War, Great Britain published the now famous slogan in a campaign to recruit 100,000 British men for Kitchener’s Army. It was hugely successful and in only 18 months 2.5 million men had volunteered.

27 WEDNESDAY bud bār h

AM PM

Week:

Days in Nepali


WW1: The Battle of Heligoland, first naval battle of WW1, Germany, 1914

28 THURSDAY bihibār

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29 FRIDAY sukabār

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30 SATURDAY sańcarbār

AUG

NOTES HOME

31 SUNDAY āitbār by the number of breaths we take, “ Life is notbutmeasured by the moments that take our breath away GEORGE C ARLIN

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SEP 14

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01 MONDAY lundi

75th anniversary of the outbreak of WW2, 1939

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PM

02 TUESDAY mardi

GOALS ACHIEVED?

The outbreak of the Great Fire of London, 1666

AM PM

On 2nd September, 1666, a fire broke out in the bakery of Thomas Farriner in Pudding Lane, London. The fire that spread across the city became known as the Great Fire of London. It rapidly destroyed thousands of timber buildings. Despite efforts to stop it, the wind blew the fire far and wide, burning over 13,000 homes and 84 churches to the ground.

03 WEDNESDAY mercredi

75 years since Britain declared war on Germany, 1939

AM PM

Week:

Days in French


04 THURSDAY jeudi

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05 FRIDAY vendredi

WW1: BEF see action at the Battle of the Marne, France, 1914

AM PM

07 SUNDAY dimanche

British Science Festival www.britishscienceassociation.org

NOTES HOME

SEP

06 SATURDAY samedi

Birth of Elizabeth I, Greenwich, 1533

ever be attempted if all possible “ Nothing willobjections must first be overcome SAMUEL JOHNSON

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SEP 14

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08 MONDAY lundi

International Literacy Day www.unesco.org

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09 TUESDAY mardi

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Full Moon

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The 8th September is International Literacy Day. The ability to read and write is something that many of us take for granted, but 900 million adults and children worldwide cannot do either. The day reminds us that literacy improves our quality of life. Learn more here: www.unesco.org

10 WEDNESDAY mercredi

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Days in French


11 THURSDAY jeudi

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12 FRIDAY vendredi

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13 SATURDAY samedi

SEP

NOTES HOME

14 SUNDAY dimanche use the word impossible “ I have learned to with the greatest caution WERNER BR AUN

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SEP 14

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15 MONDAY lundi

International Day of Democracy www.un.org

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PM

16 TUESDAY mardi

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Ozone Day www.unep.org

AM PM

The Scottish independence referendum will take place on 18th September. England and Scotland were first united as the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, but the referendum in September could mark the end of this relationship. Do you think Scotland should become independent? Find out more here: www.bit.ly/Qrg9xI

17 WEDNESDAY mercredi

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Week:

Days in French


18 THURSDAY jeudi

Scottish independence referendum

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19 FRIDAY vendredi

Jeans for Genes Day www.jeansforgenesday.org

AM PM

20 SATURDAY samedi

SEP

21 SUNDAY dimanche

NOTES HOME

International Day of Peace www.cultureofpeace.org

where the path may lead, go instead “ Do not gowhere there is no path and leave a trail. R ALPH WALDO EMERSON

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SEP 14

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PM

23 TUESDAY mardi

GOALS ACHIEVED?

September Equinox (at 02:29)

AM PM

Communication skills are essential in life. How good are your communication skills? Always be sure to listen to others and express yourself clearly to those listening to you. See page 114.

24 WEDNESDAY mercredi

Start of Rosh Hashanah - Judaism

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Week:

Days in French


25 THURSDAY jeudi

Start of Navratri – Hinduism

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26 FRIDAY vendredi

European Day of Languages www.cilt.org.uk

AM PM

27 SATURDAY samedi

SEP

NOTES HOME

28 SUNDAY dimanche minutes make the difference “ Time is everything; five between victory and defeat. HOR ATIO NELSON

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SEP/OCT 14

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29 MONDAY lundi

Birth of Horatio Nelson, Burnham Thorpe, 1758

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30 TUESDAY mardi

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

It’s National Poetry Day on the 2nd October. Maybe you want to know more about poetry or even become a poet yourself. Take a look at this website by the Poetry Society to find answers to these questions: www.youngpoetsnetwork.org. uk/category/workshop

01 WEDNESDAY mercredi

Black History Month www.blackhistorymonthuk.co.uk International Walk to School Month

AM PM

Week:

Days in French


International Day of Non-Violence www.un.org National Poetry Day www.poetrysociety.org.uk

02 THURSDAY jeudi

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Start of Eid al-Adha – Islam Start of Yom Kippur - Judaism

03 FRIDAY vendredi

AM PM

04 SATURDAY samedi

SEP / OCT

05 SUNDAY dimanche

NOTES HOME

World Teachers Day www.worldteachersday.org

had my life to live over again, I would have made a rule to read “ If Isome poetry and listen to some music at least once every week. CHARLES DARWIN

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OCT 14

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06 MONDAY maandag

World Space Week www.worldspaceweek.org

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

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07 TUESDAY dinsdag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

It’s World Mental Health Day on October 10th. Mental health is to do with how we feel. It’s important to talk to someone you trust like a family member or a teacher if you start to frequently feel sad or anxious. There’s more information here: www.youngminds.org.uk/for_ children_young_people

08 WEDNESDAY woensdag

Full Moon

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Days in Dutch


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10 FRIDAY vrijdag

World Mental Health Day www.mentalhealth.org.uk

AM PM

International Day of the Girl Child www.dayofthegirl.org

NOTES HOME

OCT

11 SATURDAY zaterdag 12 SUNDAY zondag

“ Ideas come from everything ” ALFRED HITCHCOCK

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OCT 14

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13 MONDAY maandag

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MY WEEKLY GOALS â–ź

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14 TUESDAY dinsdag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Battle of Hastings, 1066

AM PM

The Battle of Hastings: On the 14th October 1066, the last Anglo-Saxon king, King Harold II, was defeated by William the Conqueror who claimed to be the true heir to the English throne. According to legend, King Harold was hit in the eye by an arrow and killed. On Christmas Day 1066, William was crowned King.

15 WEDNESDAY woensdag

WW1: The 1st Battle of Ypres commenced, 1914

AM PM

Week:

Days in Dutch


World Food Day www.fao.org The first German air attack on Britain, WW2, 1939

16 THURSDAY donderdag

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17 FRIDAY vrijdag

AM PM

18 SATURDAY zaterdag

OCT

NOTES HOME

19 SUNDAY zondag

“ Believe you can and you’re halfway there ” THEODORE ROOSEVELT

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OCT 14

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20 MONDAY maandag

World Statistics Day unstats.un.org/unsd/wsd/

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

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21 TUESDAY dinsdag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

Self-motivation is the key to doing well at school and in life. We need to be able to motivate ourselves so that we don’t wait for others to guide us. How have you shown others how self-motivated you are?

22 WEDNESDAY woensdag

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Week:

Days in Dutch


23 THURSDAY donderdag

Diwali – Hinduism

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24 FRIDAY vrijdag

AM PM

25 SATURDAY zaterdag

OCT

26 SUNDAY zondag

NOTES HOME

British Summer Time Ends Clocks go back 1 hour at 2am

“ Once you choose hope, anything’s possible ” CHRISTOPHER REEVE

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OCT/NOV

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27 MONDAY maandag

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

28 TUESDAY dinsdag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

Halloween. Many people mark Halloween each year, but what is it really about? Halloween is actually All Hallows’ Eve. It takes place on 31st October each year. It has a mixed history including Celtic, Pagan and Christian influences. Can you find out three facts about it?

29 WEDNESDAY woensdag

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Week:

Days in Dutch


30 THURSDAY donderdag

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31 FRIDAY vrijdag

Halloween

AM PM

01 SATURDAY zaterdag

OCT / NOV

NOTES HOME

02 SUNDAY zondag

“ The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing ” WALT DISNEY

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NOV 14

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03 MONDAY lunedì

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

04 TUESDAY martedì

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

Fall of the Berlin Wall: 9th November marks 25 years since East Germany (GDR) allowed its citizens to cross freely into West Berlin. The Berlin Wall, constructed in 1961, came to symbolize the “Iron Curtain” that separated Western Europe and the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War. These events led to German reunification in October 1990. www.bit.ly/P7SOjv

05 WEDNESDAY mercoledì

Bonfire Night

AM PM

Week:

Days in Italian


Birthday of Guru Nanak – Sikhism Full Moon

06 THURSDAY giovedì

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07 FRIDAY venerdì

Birth of Captain James Cook, Marton, 1728

AM PM

08 SATURDAY sabato

NOV

09 SUNDAY domenica

NOTES HOME

Fall of the Berlin Wall, 1989

remember the fifth of November, gunpowder, treason and “ Remember, plot. I see no reason, why gunpowder treason, should ever be forgot TR AD.

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NOV 14

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10 MONDAY lunedì

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

11 TUESDAY martedì

GOALS ACHIEVED?

WW1: Armistice Day

AM PM

The 11th November is Armistice Day, also called Remembrance Day, when we remember those who fought and died in WW1 and wars since. A two minute silence is observed on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month when the war came to an end, but what year was this 1917, 1918 or 1919?

12 WEDNESDAY mercoledì

AM PM

Week:

Days in Italian


13 THURSDAY giovedì

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BBC Children in Need www.bbc.co.uk/pudsey

14 FRIDAY venerdì

AM PM

15 SATURDAY sabato

NOTES HOME

NOV

Answer: 1918

16 SUNDAY domenica The more you use, “ You can’t use up creativity. the more you have MAYA ANGELOU

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NOV 14

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17 MONDAY lunedì

Anti-Bullying Week www.antibullyingweek.co.uk Global Entrepreneurship Week www.gew.org.uk

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

18 TUESDAY martedì

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Inter Faith Week www.interfaithweek.co.uk

AM PM

National Anti-Bullying Week takes place in November each year. It’s a great time to raise awareness of bullying and the support available for anyone who needs it. If you ever feel bullied, talk to someone who can help like a family member or a teacher. If you know a friend is being bullied, help them to get support. www.bullying.co.uk/advice/ young-people-advice Week:

19 WEDNESDAY mercoledì

Geography Awareness Week worldwise.geography.org.uk

AM PM

Days in Italian


Universal Children’s Day www.un.org World Philosophy Day

20 THURSDAY giovedì

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21 FRIDAY venerdì

AM PM

International Education Week www.globaldimension.org.uk

NOTES HOME

NOV

22 SATURDAY sabato 23 SUNDAY domenica

life interesting and overcoming “ Challenges are what make them is what makes life meaningful JOSHUA J. MARINE

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NOV 14

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24 MONDAY lunedì

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PM

25 TUESDAY martedì

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

November 30th is St Andrew’s Day. St Andrew has been the patron saint of Scotland since the 10th century. He was one of the 12 disciples of Jesus. If you want to know more about St Andrew and why he became the patron saint of Scotland, there is a film about him on this website www.bit.ly/1j6gWeL

26 WEDNESDAY mercoledì

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Week:

Days in Italian


27 THURSDAY giovedì

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28 FRIDAY venerdì

AM PM

29 SATURDAY sabato

NOV

30 SUNDAY domenica

NOTES HOME

Birth of Winston Churchill, Woodstock, 1874 St Andrew’s Day

Though no one can go back and make a brand new start, “ anyone can start from now and make a brand new ending C ARL BARD

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DEC 14

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01 MONDAY Diluain

World AIDS Day www.worldaidscampaign.org

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

02 TUESDAY Dimàirt

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

Resilience is about recovering quickly when things don’t go to plan. The more resilient we are, the more likely it is that we’ll bounce back from adversity. When bad things happen, ask yourself ‘are things really as bad as they seem?’ and ‘can I learn anything from this experience?’ See page 114.

03 WEDNESDAY Diciadain

AM PM

Week:

Days in Scottish Gaelic


04 THURSDAY Diardaoin

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05 FRIDAY Dihaoine

International Volunteer Day

AM PM

Full Moon

NOTES HOME

DEC

06 SATURDAY Disathairne 07 SUNDAY Didòmhnaich

“ The worst enemy to creativity is self-doubt ” SYLVIA PL ATH

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DEC 14

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08 MONDAY Diluain

WW1: The Battle of the Falkland Islands, 1914

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

09 TUESDAY Dimàirt

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

It’s Human Rights Day on 10th December. It takes place every year to celebrate the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The ambition of the Declaration is that the people of the world have the same rights and freedoms. Is this something you believe in? Find out more on the Human Rights Day website. www.un.org/en/events/ humanrightsday Week:

10 WEDNESDAY Diciadain

Human Rights Day www.un.org

AM PM

Days in Scottish Gaelic


11 THURSDAY Diardaoin

International Mountain Day www.mountainpartnership.org

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12 FRIDAY Dihaoine

AM PM

13 SATURDAY Disathairne

DEC

NOTES HOME

14 SUNDAY Didòmhnaich

Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere ALBERT EINSTEIN

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DEC 14

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15 MONDAY Diluain

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

16 TUESDAY Dimàirt

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Start of Hanukkah – Judaism WW1: German battleships attacked Hartlepool, Scarborough and Whitby, 1914

AM PM

A century ago, on the 16th Dec 1914, the ports at Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby were attacked by the Imperial German Navy. Citizens living in the towns were completely unprepared for a bombardment that was designed to destroy British defences. 137 died, many of them ordinary civilians.

17 WEDNESDAY Diciadain

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Week:

Days in Scottish Gaelic


18 THURSDAY Diardaoin

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19 FRIDAY Dihaoine

AM PM

20 SATURDAY Disathairne

DEC

21 SUNDAY Didòmhnaich

NOTES HOME

Winter Solstice (shortest day)

things we are capable of, “ If we did all the we would astound ourselves THOMAS EDISON

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DEC 14/JAN 15

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22 MONDAY Diluain

25 THURSDAY Diardaoin

Christmas Day - Western Christianity

WW1: The Christmas Truce along the Western Front, 1914

01 02 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 08 09 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 15 16 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 22 23 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 29 30 3 1 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4

MY GOALS ▼

23 TUESDAY Dimàirt

26 FRIDAY Dihaoine

Boxing Day

GOALS ACHIEVED? Christmas is here! For many, Christmas Day is a day to give and receive gifts to show how much we care about one another. However, for millions of Christians, it is a celebration of the birth of Jesus Christ. Many Eastern Orthodox Christians celebrate Christmas on January 7th. See page 130 to find out more.

Week:

24 WEDNESDAY Diciadain

Christmas Eve

27 SATURDAY Disathairne 28 SUNDAY Didòmhnaich about finding yourself. “ LifeLifeisn’tis about creating yourself

Days in Scottish Gaelic

GEORGE BERNARD SHAW


NOTES

29 MONDAY Diluain

01 THURSDAY Diardaoin

30 TUESDAY Dimàirt

02 FRIDAY Dihaoine

31 WEDNESDAY Diciadain

New Year’s Eve

New Year’s Day Bank Holiday (UK) Lithuania plans to join the Eurozone

Bank Holiday (Scotland)

03 SATURDAY Disathairne

Milad un Nabi - Islam

04 SUNDAY Didòmhnaich

Birth of Sir Isaac Newton,

Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, 1643

every minute you are angry you “ For lose sixty seconds of happiness Week:

Days in Scottish Gaelic

R ALPH WALDO EMERSON

DEC / JAN

UK and US combat troops depart from Afghanistan


JAN 15

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05 MONDAY Montag

Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh - Sikhism

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MY WEEKLY GOALS â–ź

PM

06 TUESDAY Dienstag

GOALS ACHIEVED? 75 years since food rationing. On 8th January 1940, during WW2, food was first rationed. The German blockade on trade into Britain meant that food was in short supply and had to be shared out. Wasting food later became a criminal offence and other items, like petrol & clothing, were also rationed.

AM PM

07 WEDNESDAY Mittwoch

Christmas Day - Eastern Christianity

AM PM

Week:

Days in German


08 THURSDAY Donnerstag

Birth of Stephen Hawking, Oxford, 1942

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09 FRIDAY Freitag

AM PM

10 SATURDAY Samstag

JAN

NOTES HOME

11 SUNDAY Sonntag not something ready-made. “ HappinessIt iscomes from your own actions DAL AI L AMA XIV

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JAN 15

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12 MONDAY Montag

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MY WEEKLY GOALS â–ź

PM

13 TUESDAY Dienstag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

Liberation of Auschwitz: January 2015 is the 70th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz in Poland. Auschwitz was a concentration camp in the Second World War where over a million prisoners died. You may want to read the novel The Boy In the Striped Pyjamas by John Boyne, which is set in Auschwitz.

14 WEDNESDAY Mittwoch

AM PM

Week:

Days in German


15 THURSDAY Donnerstag

DUE IN

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16 FRIDAY Freitag

Full Moon

AM PM

17 SATURDAY Samstag

JAN

NOTES HOME

18 SUNDAY Sonntag

“ Do what you can, with what you have, where you are ” THEODORE ROOSEVELT

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JAN 15

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19 MONDAY Montag

WW1: German Zeppelins bombed Great Yarmouth & King’s Lynn, 1915 Birth of James Watt, Greenock, 1736

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

20 TUESDAY Dienstag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

750th anniversary of the first English Parliament, Westminster, 1265

AM PM

January 20th is the 750th anniversary of what is widely regarded as the first ever Parliament of England involving citizens not of noble birth. The attendance at parliament of knights and burgesses historically became known as the summoning of “the Commons”, a term derived from the Norman French word “commune”, literally translated as the “community of the realm”. Week:

21 WEDNESDAY Mittwoch

AM PM

Days in German


22 THURSDAY Donnerstag

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23 FRIDAY Freitag

Ganesh Jayanti – Hinduism

AM PM

24 SATURDAY Samstag

JAN

NOTES HOME

25 SUNDAY Sonntag in doing what one likes, “ The secret of happiness is not but in liking what one does. J.M. BARRIE

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JAN/FEB 15

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26 MONDAY Montag

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

27 TUESDAY Dienstag

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Holocaust Memorial Day www.hmd.org.uk

AM PM

January 27th is Holocaust Memorial Day. It commemorates the millions who were persecuted under the Nazi regime. It’s also a time to remember other genocides that have happened around the world more recently, including Rwanda, Darfur, Bosnia and Cambodia. Learn more here: www.hmd.org.uk

28 WEDNESDAY Mittwoch

AM PM

Week:

Days in German


29 THURSDAY Donnerstag

DUE IN

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30 FRIDAY Freitag

AM PM

31 SATURDAY Samstag

JAN / FEB

NOTES HOME

01 SUNDAY Sonntag that we be the best, “ Life doesn’t require only that we try our best H. JACKSON BROWN JR.

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FEB 15

M

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02 MONDAY poniedziałek

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

03 TUESDAY wtorek

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Full Moon

AM PM

Do you have a favourite way to keep fit? Exercise helps you to keep your mind and body in good shape and there are plenty of team sports and solo pursuits to choose from. Have you got an exercise goal for this week?

04 WEDNESDAY środa

AM PM

Week:

Days in Polish


05 THURSDAY czwartek

DUE IN

DONE

AM PM

06 FRIDAY piątek

AM PM

Birth of Charles Dickens, Portsea Island, 1812

08 SUNDAY niedziela

Nirvana Day: Buddhism

“ Success is a journey, not a destination ” BEN SWEETL AND

NOTES HOME

FEB

07 SATURDAY sobota

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FEB 15

M

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09 MONDAY poniedziałek

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

10 TUESDAY wtorek

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Safer Internet Day www.saferinternetday.org

AM PM

It’s Safer Internet Day on the 10th February. The internet is an incredible invention but it is very important that you stay safe online. Visit page 128 for our Internet Safety guidelines or go to www.saferinternetday.org.

11 WEDNESDAY środa

AM PM

Week:

Days in Polish


12 THURSDAY czwartek

Birth of Charles Darwin, Shrewsbury, 1809

DUE IN

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13 FRIDAY piątek

AM PM

14 SATURDAY sobota

FEB

15 SUNDAY niedziela

NOTES HOME

Birth of Ernest Shackleton, Kilkea, 1874

the most intelligent who will survive “ It is not the strongestbutorthose who can best manage change. CHARLES DARWIN

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Where are you heading? We can help you… Ready to make some tough decisions about courses, careers and your future? The National Careers Service can help you make the choices which are right for you and that make the most of your talents. On our website you’ll find lots of info about careers. Or, if you prefer, one of our friendly advisers will listen to what you’ve got to say and then guide you through the options. From volunteering to Apprenticeships to university degrees, we can help you take the next step.

To find out more search online for National Careers Service or call 0800 100 900


Available for young people aged 13 and over throughout England.


FEB 15

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16 MONDAY poniedziałek

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

17 TUESDAY wtorek

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Shrove Tuesday - Christianity

AM PM

Problem solving abilities are important skills for life. This is about being able to break a task down into small stages so that you can reach solutions for the issues you identify. You’ll find that problem solving means you use knowledge and information from all the subjects you study! Can you think of a problem you have solved recently, either in school or outside?

18 WEDNESDAY środa

Ash Wednesday - Christianity

AM PM

Week:

Days in Polish


19 THURSDAY czwartek

Chinese New Year: Year of the Goat

DUE IN

DONE

AM PM

20 FRIDAY piątek

AM PM

21 SATURDAY sobota

FEB

NOTES HOME

22 SUNDAY niedziela

“ Sometimes questions are more important than answers ” NANC Y WILL ARD

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FEB/MAR 15

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23 MONDAY poniedziałek

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

24 TUESDAY wtorek

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

St David’s Day, on the 1st March, is a celebration of the patron saint of Wales. He founded a church in Wales in the 6th century and preached Christianity to the people. Today, he is a symbol of Welsh culture and many people think it should become a Welsh national holiday.

25 WEDNESDAY środa

AM PM

Week:

Days in Polish


26 THURSDAY czwartek

DUE IN

DONE

AM PM

27 FRIDAY piątek

AM PM

28 SATURDAY sobota

FEB / MAR

01 SUNDAY niedziela

NOTES HOME

St David’s Day

“ With every mistake, we must surely be learning ” GEORGE HARRISON

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MAR 15

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02 MONDAY dydd Llun

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AM

MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

03 TUESDAY dydd Mawrth

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Birth of Alexander Graham Bell, Edinburgh, 1847

AM PM

It’s Red Nose Day this March. Comic Relief was set up in 1985 with the ambition of eradicating poverty. Anyone can become a fundraiser, so why not explore the Comic Relief website and see what your school can do to raise money for charity. www.comicrelief.com

04 WEDNESDAY dydd Mercher

125th anniversary of the opening of the Forth Bridge, 1890

AM PM

Week:

Days in Welsh


World Book Day www.worldbookday.com Full Moon

05 THURSDAY dydd lau

DUE IN

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AM PM

06 FRIDAY dydd Gwener

Holi – Hinduism

AM PM

07 SATURDAY dydd Sadwrn

MAR

08 SUNDAY dydd Sul

NOTES HOME

International Women’s Day www.internationalwomensday.com

“ There is no friend as loyal as a book. ” ERNEST HEMINGWAY

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MAR 15

M

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09 MONDAY dydd Llun

Commonwealth Day www.youngcommonwealth.org

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

10 TUESDAY dydd Mawrth

GOALS ACHIEVED?

WW1: Centenary of the Battle of Neuve Chapelle, France, 1915

AM PM

It’s Commonwealth Day on 9th March. The Commonwealth is a group of 53 nations. On this day, international relationships, democracy and peace are celebrated. Find out more about the Commonwealth and Commonwealth Day on this website: www.youngcommonwealth.org

11 WEDNESDAY dydd Mercher

AM PM

Week:

Days in Welsh


12 THURSDAY dydd lau

DUE IN

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13 FRIDAY dydd Gwener

AM PM

14 SATURDAY dydd Sadwrn

MAR

15 SUNDAY dydd Sul

NOTES HOME

Mothering Sunday

“ Change your thoughts and you change the world ” NORMAN VINCENT PEALE

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MAR 15

M

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16 MONDAY dydd Llun

Full Moon

DUE IN

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AM

MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

17 TUESDAY dydd Mawrth

GOALS ACHIEVED?

St Patrick’s Day

AM PM

World Poetry Day falls on the 21st March. Who is your favourite poet? Can you write a four line poem starting with these words? The flames were as red as red can be…

18 WEDNESDAY dydd Mercher

AM PM

Week:

Days in Welsh


19 THURSDAY dydd lau

DUE IN

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Partial solar eclipse in the UK at approx. 0820 March Equinox

20 FRIDAY dydd Gwener

AM PM

22 SUNDAY dydd Sul

World Poetry Day www.un.org

NOTES HOME

MAR

21 SATURDAY dydd Sadwrn

World Water Day www.unwater.org

“ You miss 100% of the shots you don’t take ” WAYNE GRETZKY

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MAR 15

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23 MONDAY dydd Llun

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AM

MY WEEKLY GOALS â–ź

PM

24 TUESDAY dydd Mawrth

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

The ability to learn: We learn something new every day! The more enthusiastic we are about learning, the more likely we are to succeed. This will help you to achieve your full potential. How do you feel about your learning skills? Is there someone you can talk to who can help you to improve them? See page 114.

25 WEDNESDAY dydd Mercher

AM PM

Week:

Days in Welsh


26 THURSDAY dydd lau

DUE IN

DONE

AM PM

27 FRIDAY dydd Gwener

AM PM

28 SATURDAY dydd Sadwrn

MAR

29 SUNDAY dydd Sul

NOTES HOME

British Summer Time (BST) begins Clocks go forward 1 hour

happens to me and “ Life is 10% what 90% of how I react to it JOHN MAXWELL

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MAR/APR 15

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30 MONDAY dydd Llun

DUE IN

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AM PM

31 TUESDAY dydd Mawrth

GOALS ACHIEVED? It’s Easter this week. Easter is the Christian festival celebrating the resurrection of Christ. Easter is a moveable feast, which means the date can change every year – it is established as the first Sunday after the full moon following the March equinox. There are many Easter traditions such as the giving of eggs which are a traditional symbol of fertility. In Christianity Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus. See page 130. Week:

AM PM

01 WEDNESDAY dydd Mercher

April Fools’ Day

AM PM

Days in Welsh


International Children’s Book Day www.ibby.org

02 THURSDAY dydd lau

DUE IN

DONE

AM PM

Good Friday – Christianity. Bank Holiday Start of Pesach - Judaism

03 FRIDAY dydd Gwener

AM PM

05 SUNDAY dydd Sul

Full Moon

NOTES HOME

MAR / APR

04 SATURDAY dydd Sadwrn

Easter Sunday - Christianity

avoid criticism: do nothing, “ There is only one way to say nothing, and be nothing ARISTOTLE

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APR 15

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06 MONDAY Mōnandæg

Easter Monday – Christianity. Bank Holiday

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

07 TUESDAY Tīwesdæg

GOALS ACHIEVED?

World Health Day www.who.int

AM PM

Team Work: Being good at working in a team is a very useful skill but one that many of us struggle with. How well do you work with others? Can you think of ways that might improve your team skills? Listening to others is a great way to start!

08 WEDNESDAY Wōdnesdæg

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Week:

Days in Old English (Mid-5th to mid-12th century)


09 THURSDAY Þunresdæg

Birth of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Portsmouth, 1806

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10 FRIDAY Frīgedæg

AM PM

11 SATURDAY Sæternesdæg

APR

NOTES HOME

12 SUNDAY Sunnandæg

“ Inspiration exists, but it must find you working ” PABLO PIC ASSO

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APR 15

M

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13 MONDAY Mōnandæg

Start of Songkran – Buddhism Vaisakhi – Sikhism

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

14 TUESDAY Tīwesdæg

GOALS ACHIEVED?

Hola Mohalla - Sikhism

AM PM

On the 19th April, 1770, after charting the coast of New Zealand for six months, Captain James Cook sighted Eastern Australia. He was the first European known to do so. They landed on the shore of what is now known as Botany Bay, named after the discovery of plants and flowers never-beforeseen by Cook’s botanists.

15 WEDNESDAY Wōdnesdæg

AM PM

Week:

Days in Old English (Mid-5th to mid-12th century)


16 THURSDAY Þunresdæg

DUE IN

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17 FRIDAY Frīgedæg

AM PM

18 SATURDAY Sæternesdæg

APR

19 SUNDAY Sunnandæg

NOTES HOME

Captain Cook sighted Eastern Australia, 1770

“ When I let go of what I am, I become what I might be ” L AO TZU

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APR 15

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20 MONDAY Mōnandæg

DUE IN

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

21 TUESDAY Tīwesdæg

GOALS ACHIEVED?

The official birthday of Queen Elizabeth II, 1926

AM PM

The 23rd April 1564 is the birthday of William Shakespeare. Why not impress your friends and teachers with quotes from his famous plays? You can find them here: www.shakespeareonline.com/quotes

22 WEDNESDAY Wōdnesdæg

International Mother Earth Day www.un.org

AM PM

Week:

Days in Old English (Mid-5th to mid-12th century)


Birth of William Shakespeare, Stratford-upon-Avon, 1564 St George’s Day

23 THURSDAY Þunresdæg

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24 FRIDAY Frīgedæg

AM PM

Birth of Oliver Cromwell, Huntingdon, 1599

NOTES HOME

APR

25 SATURDAY Sæternesdæg 26 SUNDAY Sunnandæg

“ Love all, trust a few, do wrong to none ” WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE.

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APR/MAY 15

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27 MONDAY Mōnandæg

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MY WEEKLY GOALS ▼

PM

28 TUESDAY Tīwesdæg

GOALS ACHIEVED?

AM PM

May 7th marks the centenary of the sinking of the British ocean liner RMS Lusitania by a German U-boat in WW1, 11 miles from the southern Irish coast. This controversial act, resulting in the loss of 1,198 lives, including those of 128 Americans, was a contributory factor in the USA joining the war on the Allied side.

29 WEDNESDAY Wōdnesdæg

AM PM

Week:

Days in Old English (Mid-5th to mid-12th century)


30 THURSDAY Þunresdæg

DUE IN

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International Workers’ Day May Day

01 FRIDAY Frīgedæg

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Birthday of Guru Arjan Dev - Sikhism

NOTES HOME

APR / MAY

02 SATURDAY Sæternesdæg 03 SUNDAY Sunnandæg

“ The only way to do great work is to love what you do ” STEVE JOBS

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MAY 15

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Bank Holiday Full Moon

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Children’s Book Week www.bookweekonline.com

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The General Election is expected to take place on 7th May. Every five years, British citizens over the age of 18 vote for who they would like to run the country. Thousands have fought and died for this right but in some parts of the world people aren’t quite so lucky. Find out more on page 131.

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07 THURSDAY jueves

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08 FRIDAY viernes

70th anniversary of Victory in Europe (VE) Day, 1945

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10 SUNDAY domingo

Europe Day www.europa.eu

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MAY

09 SATURDAY sábado

Winston Churchill became Prime Minister, 1940

life interesting and overcoming “ Challenges are what make them is what makes life meaningful JOSHUA J. MARINE

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MAY 15

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Birth of Florence Nightingale, Italy, 1820

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Florence Nightingale was born on the 12th May 1820 in Florence, Italy. Her name became famous during the Crimean War when, in 1854, she led a team of nurses to help the wounded. She published ‘Notes on Nursing’ in 1860 that highlighted how important sanitation and organisation was in hospitals.

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International Day of Families www.un.org

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MAY

NOTES HOME

17 SUNDAY domingo have it. Life is a splendid gift “ Live life when you there is nothing small about it. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE.

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MAY 15

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Walk to School Week

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When we have a good understanding of maths we can use and understand data and statistics much more effectively. This also helps us to back up the points we make with evidence. Can you think of ways that you have used evidence to support your school work, perhaps in maths or science lessons?

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24 SUNDAY domingo within you say ‘you cannot paint’, then by “ If you hear a voice all means paint and that voice will be silenced VINCENT VAN GOGH

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MAY 15

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Bank Holiday WW1: A British coalition government was formed, 1915

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When we communicate with others we need to remember that it’s good to negotiate so that other people’s feelings are taken into consideration. The best outcome is when both people feel listened to and a win-win solution is reached. How good are your negotiations skills? Can you think of a time when you have negotiated a win-win outcome?

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NOTES HOME

WW1: The first Zeppelin bombing of London, 1915

“ There are no shortcuts to any place worth going ” HELEN KELLER

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JUN 15

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Wesak Day - Buddhism

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Full Moon

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World Environment Day is held on 5th June every year. It is a celebration of positive environmental action and has different themes each year. Can you find out what the theme is for 2015? What action can you take to celebrate the day? There’s plenty of information here: www.unep.org/wed

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WW1: The Third Battle of Krithia, Turkey, 1915

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World Environment Day www.unep.org

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07 SUNDAY domingo Courage doesn’t always roar. Sometimes courage is the quiet “ voice at the end of the day saying, ‘I will try again tomorrow’ MARY ANNE R ADMACHER

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World Oceans Day www.worldoceansday.org

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Birth of George Stephenson, Wylam, 1781

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800th anniversary of the Magna Carta: Magna Carta is Latin for “Great Charter”. It was sealed on 15th June 1215 by King John as a promise to the barons that he would no longer abuse his powers. Parts of the document are still influential today. Find out more here: www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ magna_carta.htm

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14 SUNDAY domingo great possessions, “ Wealth consists not in having but in having few wants EPICTETUS

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Battle of

200 years since the

Scotland Forever! A painting capturing the famous cavalry charge at Waterloo

Field Marshal Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

WELLESLEY

was born on 1st May 1769 into a wealthy Anglo-Irish aristocratic family in Ireland, the third of five brothers. He showed little promise during his education and late teens but joined the army with a commission in 1787.

as a senior commander in the Peninsular War - fought in Spain and Portugal against the French from 1808 to 1814. He was created a Duke for his many successes there and was then appointed ambassador to France.

His first proposal to his wife-tobe was rejected because he was considered to be a young man in too much debt, with very poor prospects. This spurred him on in his new career.

In 1815 he successfully led the Anglo-Allied army at Waterloo before becoming Commanderin-Chief of the British Army from 1829. He also entered politics becoming Tory Prime Minister twice, in 1828-30 and 1834, before retiring in 1846. He died in 1852 at the age of 83.

He gained considerable military experience during campaigns in the Netherlands, India & Denmark and rose to prominence

Quite a life of achievement for a boy whose mother had once said “I don’t know what I shall do with my awkward son Arthur”

Scotland Forever! A painting capturing the famous cavalry charge at Waterloo

June 18th 2015 is the bicentenary of the Battle of Waterloo. Fought near the village of Waterloo in present day Belgium, this bloody battle brought to a close more than 25 years of conflict throughout Europe, ushering in a half-century of European peace that in turn established Britain as the world’s dominant economic power. The French Revolution of 1789 had spread panic throughout Europe’s established order and from the ensuing turmoil one of history’s most enduring and charismatic leaders, Napoleon Bonaparte, rose to power. Napoleon fought a series of major campaigns in Europe as well as planning an invasion of Britain. Despite many great victories - the battles of Marengo, Austerlitz, Friedland & Wagram - and extending the French sphere of influence over much of Europe, he suffered a series of setbacks: a disastrous invasion of Russia followed by the retreat from Moscow in the winter of 1812, losing the Peninsular War of 1807-14 and finally defeat at the Battle of Leipzig in 1813. His initial reign ended with exile to the Mediterranean island of Elba.

By early 1815 Napoleon had escaped and returned to mainland France and started his second reign, known as the ‘Hundred Days’. Immediately declaring him an outlaw, an Allied coalition of Great Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia resolved to confront him. Napoleon marched north from Paris in an attempt to knock out the coalition forces before they could mobilise. He attempted to drive a wedge between the oncoming British under Wellington and Prussians under von Blücher, defeating the Prussians on June 16th at the Battle of Ligny and engaging the British at Quatre-Bras. Wellington withdrew his forces north to a defensive position of his own choosing on a low ridge eleven miles south of Brussels, whilst the mauled Prussians managed to withdraw eight miles to the east. By nightfall the French had arrived to confront Wellington, both armies seeking shelter from the torrential rain. The French numbered 69,000 including 40,000 infantry, 14,000 cavalry and 7,000 artillery with 250 guns. Importantly, most were veterans from many of Napoleon’s earlier campaigns. The Allied army numbered 67,000 with 50,000 infantry, 11,000 cavalry and 6,000 artillery soldiers with only 150 guns. Only 25,000 were actually


Waterloo of the Royal Scots Greys Cavalry Regiment By Lady Elizabeth Butler

18th June 1815

Napoleon Bonaparte

of the Royal Scots Greys Cavalry Regiment By Lady Elizabeth Butler

British, the remainder a mixture of Dutch, Belgians and Germans, with very few veterans. The Prussians had a further 48,000 men.

Wellington lost 15,000 and Blücher 7,000 dead or wounded, whilst the French lost 25,000 with over 8,000 taken prisoner.

As Sunday 18th June dawned Napoleon, although brimming with confidence about the forthcoming battle, decided to delay due to the sodden ground, eventually launching his attack around midmorning.

A combination of factors delivered the narrow victory for the Allies. Foremost was the unimpeded and timely arrival of Blücher’s Prussians, but the British infantry’s ability to withstand and counter endless French attacks during the day was key. Wellington’s leadership skills, tactical nous and selection of ground for this defensive battle was also a major contribution. Despite this Wellington later commented that Waterloo was “the nearest-run thing you ever saw in your life.”

The battle lasted all day with the advantage swinging to and fro between the French and Allies, whilst death and destruction reigned. Both armies slogged it out with unwavering artillery fire, mass infantry attacks and cavalry charges, gradually eroding each other’s strength. By mid-afternoon the Prussians managed to reach the battlefield, link-up with the British and attack Napoleon’s exposed right flank, effectively giving advantage to the Allies. At some point in the early evening, after his ‘Old Guard’ failed in their late attack, Napoleon fled the battlefield, shortly followed by the remnants of his routed army. He arrived in Paris to raise new forces, but gained little support, eventually surrendering to the British. He was then exiled to the distant island of St Helena. Casualties at Waterloo were shockingly high on both sides:

For Napoleon, Waterloo was a battle with many uncharacteristic mistakes. He appeared over-confident about his chances and was dismissive about the Prussian threat. Unusually, he did not play his normal leadership role in the battle (due to ill-health it is believed) and he has been criticised for poor selection of key commanders, many of whom failed to achieve their objectives. Napoleon’s delay in starting the battle was also blamed as a contributory factor for defeat.

NAPOLEON was born into

a family of noble Italian ancestry on Corsica on 15th August 1769. He was very well educated, eventually attending the military academy in Paris. He rose to prominence through the French Revolutionary era, leading successful campaigns against enemies of the revolution, most notably in Italy. With this success came promotion and an irresistible urge to participate further in politics. With post-revolutionary France in turmoil he saw an opportunity to seize power as First Consul in 1799. In 1804 he restarted the hereditary monarchy in France, crowning himself Emperor I and shortly later also as King of Italy.

Napoleon led France through many wars, both aggressively expanding France’s empire and defending against the shifting alliances and coalitions dominating Europe at that time. Whilst ultimately responsible for France’s loss of status by 1815, as well as the deaths of many citizens, he is largely considered a genius in the operational art of war and is ranked in history as a great military commander. He was also responsible for establishing the Napoleonic Code, the first modern legal code that has influenced the law of many countries to this day. He died in exile on St Helena on 5th May 1821 but was buried in Paris in 1840.


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800th anniversary of King John signing the Magna Carta, 1215 www.magnacarta800th.com

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Battle of Waterloo: June18th, 2015 will be the bicentenary of the Battle of Waterloo. It was fought between the French army under the command of Emperor Napoleon and the armies of the Seventh Coalition, including an army led by the Duke of Wellington. It took place in Belgium. See previous pages & www.bbc.in/1qOwcmp to find out more.

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Start of Ramadan – Islam The Battle of Waterloo, 1815

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Summer Solstice (longest day)

“ The most wasted of all days is one without laughter ” E. E. CUMMINGS

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JUN 15

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GOALS ACHIEVED? King Henry VIII was born on 28th June 1491 in Greenwich. He would go on to become one of the most infamous rulers of England. He had six wives, but not many met a very happy end. They were Catherine of Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Kathryn Howard and Katherine Parr. Use this ditty to remember the fate of each wife: “Divorced, beheaded, died; divorced, beheaded, survived” Week:

Olympic Day www.olympic.org

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Birth of King Henry VIII, Greenwich, 1491

one failure to another “ Success is the ability to go from with no loss of enthusiasm WINSTON CHURCHILL

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Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championship, 29 June – 12 July

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Organisation: No matter how enthusiastic you are about your studies, you really need to be organised to help you achieve to the best of your abilities. Try to meet deadlines ahead of time and prioritise the most important or urgent tasks. See page 114.

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Birth of Diana, Princess of Wales, Sandringham, 1961

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Full Moon

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05 SUNDAY domingo

“ It’s not the end of the world to lose. ” ANDY MURR AY

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GOALS ACHIEVED? This month is the 75th anniversary of the start of the Battle of Britain in 1940. After the successful invasion of Belgium and France, Germany set its sights on invading Britain. A campaign was launched to establish air supremacy over southern England which ultimately failed due to the exploits of the RAF and Fighter Command. Find out more at the BBC History website: www.bbc.co.uk/history/ battle_of_britain Week:

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Start of the Battle of Britain, 1940

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12 SUNDAY 星期天 xīng qī tiān (sing-chee-tee-n)

“ Either you run the day, or the day runs you ” JIM ROHN

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Bank Holiday (Northern Ireland) Laylat al-Qadr - Islam

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Working to deadlines: A vital skill for life is the ability to work to deadlines and to cope with the stress of your workload. This means being able to prioritise what’s important in order to get tasks done. What do you do to cope with exam and assessment deadlines? See page 114.

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Edi al-Fitr – Islam

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Nelson Mandela Day www.mandeladay.com

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most powerful weapon which “ Education is the you can use to change the world. NELSON MANDEL A

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Difference and diversity: The world would be a very boring place if we were all the same! It’s so important to value diversity - a great skill to develop for life. When we value difference and diversity, we value people for their character and what they contribute. See page 114.

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26 SUNDAY 星期天 xīng qī tiān (sing-chee-tee-n) never made a mistake “ A person whonever tried anything new ALBERT EINSTEIN

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JULY 2015

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PAGES

114 118 121 122 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 136 141

LIFE SKILLS MATHS CONVERSIONS GRAMMAR & PUNCTUATION PLANNING AN ESSAY PHYSICS PERIODIC TABLE INTERNET SAFETY REVISION WORLD RELIGIONS GENERAL ELECTION MAPS HOMEWORK & NOTES TRAFFIC LIGHT TOOL


SKILLS FOR LIFE What are “skills for life”? We need skills for life so that we can live happily. They are not just about being able to read & write, although those skills are very important. Skills for life are the kinds of skills which help us to do well at work, to get on with people, to understand money & finances, and to develop self-knowledge. It’s important that the skills we have are balanced. We need to make sure that if we’re great at, say, maths, we’re also great at getting on with people!

Why are they so important? We need to work on skills for life so that we get to thrive in life. That means reaching our full potential and living life with meaning and purpose, as well as enjoying ourselves. We don’t just learn skills for life once and that’s it… these are skills that we continue to perfect all through our lives.

Can you think of any skills for life that you are really good at? 114

There are many life skills that will help us as we go through life. Over the next few pages we will explore six of them:

1 Communication

4 Self-worth

2 Social networking

5 Compassion

3 Time management

6 Well-being


SKILLS FOR LIFE

Social networking on sites such as Facebook and Twitter can be a great way of linking up with others and networking with people already working or studying in the areas you’re interested in. But it’s really important to treat it with respect. Every comment you make online is potentially available for others to see for the foreseeable future. That means that possible future employers may be able to see comments you make now, so it’s important to post only what you would be happy to stand by. Remember there are age limits for some sites.

SKILLS FOR LIFE

2 Social networking

1 Communication We need to be able to communicate well, not just at school but when we are at work and also when we are with family and friends. The more you can develop your communication skills the better. Communication is about what we say and what we write, as well as how we do that. The way we communicate says a lot about how we present ourselves and the value we place on ourselves. We can always improve our communication skills so do ask your teachers if you would like help improving yours. Learning to be comfortable and confident when speaking in front of an audience is a great skill to develop too. 115


SKILLS FOR LIFE 4 Self-worth Self-worth is about having a sense of your personal value. It isn’t about thinking highly or uncritically of yourself. If we don’t have self-worth we may make bad life choices that we may regret later on. Developing self-worth is an invaluable life skill that we need to work on throughout our lives. If we have self-worth, we are more likely to reach our full potential and less likely to make self-destructive choices in our lives.

3 Time management We all have the same amount of time, but some make better use of it than others. If we’re really careful about not wasting time, we can achieve a lot more and still have time left over for our favourite activities. If you have a lot of school work to do, try creating a timetable for getting it done. Make sure your timetable has time set aside for hobbies and relaxation. Giving yourself blocks of time to get tasks done works well and even makes it feel as though you have more time for yourself! It is always a good idea to try and develop your time management skills, so try to explore ways of understanding how you can make the most of your time. Your teachers will be able to help you do this. 116


SKILLS FOR LIFE 5 Compassion

SKILLS FOR LIFE

Compassion is what we feel when others are suffering. It’s an important life skill. When we are compassionate we can help to support others through difficult times. And if others are compassionate towards us, they will help support us if we go through difficult times. If we don’t feel compassionate, we won’t be inspired to help others and that’s not great! When we are compassionate, we get on better with others and seek solutions to problems to help make the world a better place.

6 Well-being What does “well-being” mean? When we feel a sense of well-being, we are happy about different aspects of life. For example, we may feel happy about our school life, and about life outside school, we may have good health and we may feel confident about any challenges we have. We need to feel a sense of well-being so that we can be the best we can be. We aren’t always in control of our well-being but we can do what we can. 117


MATHS a

FORMUL AE

Area of parallelogram

Area of triangle

height

1 = 2 x base x height

base

height

b Volume of cuboid

= π x diameter = 2 x π x radius

d ra ius

= a rea of triangle (t) x length (l)

STANDARD DEVIATION (σ - sigma) Standard deviation for a set of numbers x1, x2, ..., x n, having a mean of x , is given by

118

or

σ=

( )

∑x ∑x2 n - n

Where ∑ means 'the total' or 'sum of'.

l

PYTHAGORAS' THEOREM c

b

2

= π x radius (r) x length (l)

IN ANY TRIANGLE ABC:

a2 + b2 = c2

opp hyp

cos Ø =

hyp Ø

adj

b sin B

c sin C

Sine rule

a sin A

Cosine rule

a² = b² + c² - 2bc cos A

=

=

cos A = b² + c² - a² 2bc

TRIGONOMETRY sin Ø =

1 = 3 x base area (πr 2) x height (h) Curved surface area of a cone

h r

a

- b ± b2 - 4ac 2a

σ=

Volume of cone

l

A quadratic equation is an equation that includes a quadratic expression, i.e. a variable that is squared. Quadratic equations can be written in the form ax2+ bx + c = 0, and are solved by the quadratic formula:

= 2 x π x radius x length

Volume of prism

t

=4 x (radius)2

QUADRATIC EQUATION

Curved surface area of cylinder

l

r

4 = 3 x π x (radius)3

r

∑(x - x)2 n

= π x (radius)2 x length

l

w

2

Volume of sphere

x=

Volume of cylinder

= length (l) x width (w) h x height (h)

Area of circle = π x (radius)

1 = 2 x (a+b) x h

h

base

Circumference of circle diameter

Area of trapezium

= base x height

adj hyp

tan Ø =

opp adj

Area of a triangle 1 = ab sin C 2

C a

b

opp A

c

B


MATHS

You can get more help with Maths at: www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/maths

RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLES Mark the angle you are going to use in the triangle.

Y ou need two measurements to find a third. Mark on the triangle the information you have been given.

hyp opp

FINDING THE LENGTH OF A SIDE

FINDING AN ANGLE

Find AB:

Find CÊD:

• The given angle 62º is opp AB

• The given length ED is adj to CÊD

• The given length is AC, the hyp

• The given length CD is opp CÊD

opp • Therefore use sin : sin ø = hyp

• Therefore use tan: tan ø =

opp hyp

C

A Ø

adj

10cm hyp

opp

Now you must decide whether to use: sine (sin), cosine (cos) or tangent (tan).* This phrase will help you remember:

6cm opp

33º

B

MATHS

Label the sides, in relation to the angle, ‘opposite’, ‘adjacent’ and ‘hypotenuse’.

C

adj

E

D

14cm adj

soh cah toa (sock a toa!) *see Trigonometry on previous page

o

sin 33° =

a

AB = sin 33º x 10

o

AB = 0.544639 x 10 s

h

or use these triangles

c

h

t

o

AB hyp

a

s

h

AB = 5.44639, therefore AB = 5.45cm to 3 significant figures (3sf)

tan CÊD =

opp adj

tan CÊD =

6 14

o

t

a

tan CÊD = 0.4 (use tan¯¹ button on calculator) CÊD = 23.2º (3sf) 119


MATHS

VERTIC ALLY OPPOSITE ANGLES When two straight lines cross, the opposite angles are equal and

=

When a straight line crosses two parallel lines, the angles in an 'F' shape are equal

When a straight line crosses two parallel lines, the angles in a 'z' shape are equal

=

=

=

(called alternate angles)

ALGEBRA

180º ANGLES

In algebra, letters are used to stand for numbers. It is important to understand the ‘shorthand’ used in algebra: a -a 3a a 3

means means means

ab 2ab a2 a3 3a2 (3a)2 3ab2

means means means means means means means

1 x a or 1a -1 x a or -1a 3 x a or (a + a + a) 1 a ÷ 3 or of a 3

means

Even numbers Odd numbers Square numbers Cube numbers Triangular numbers Prime numbers

2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20... 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21... 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100... 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729... 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55... 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31...

Square Numbers

When angles form a straight line they total 180º

a + b = 180º (called Interior angles)

c + d + e = 180º

a

4

9

b

1

3

6

d

c

e

When angles are around a point, the angles total 360º

When lines make a triangle the angles inside total 180º

Use subtraction to find the missing angle

f + g + h = 180º

360º - 110º - 130º =

g 130º

Triangular Numbers 1

When a straight line crosses two parallel lines the angles in a 'C' or 'U' shape total 180º

axb 2 x a x b or (ab + ab) axa axaxa 3 x a2 or 3 x a x a or (a2 + a2 + a2) 3a x 3a or 3 x a x 3 x a or 9a2 3 x ab2 or 3 x a x b x b or (ab2 + ab2 + ab2)

SEQUENCES

120

(Corresponding angles)

110º

f

h


24 HOUR CLOCK

TEMPERATURE CHART F

C

212

100

203

95

194

90

185

85

176

80

167

75

158

70

149

65

140

60

131

55

122

50

113

45

104

40

95

35

86

30

77

25

68

20

17:00

59

15

5 pm

50

10

41

5

• 1 cl = 10 mililitres (ml) = 0.0175 pt.

32

0

• 1 gallon (gal) = 8 pt. = 4.546 l

23

-5

• 1 pt. = 20 fluid ounces (fl oz) = 0.5683 l

14

-10

5

-15

0

-17.8

LENGTH AND DISTANCE • 1 kilometre (km) = 1,000 metres (m) = 0.6214 miles • 1 m = 100 centimetres (cm) = 39.37 inches (in) • 1 cm = 10 millimetres (mm) = 0.3937 in • 1 mile = 1760 yards (yd) = 1.6093 km • 1 yd = 3 feet (ft) = 91.44 cm • 1 ft = 12 in = 30.48 cm

00:00

11:00

12 midnight

01:00

11 am

10:00 10 am

09:00 9 am

08:00

1 am

02:00

AM

2 am

03:00 3 am

04:00

8 am

4 am

07:00

• 1 in = 2.54 cm

7 am

06:00

05:00 5 am

6 am

WEIGHT • 1 tonne (t) = 1,000 kilograms (kg) = 2,204.62 pounds (lb) 23:00

• 1 kg = 1,000 grams (g) = 2.2046 lb • 1 g = 1,000 milligrams (mg) = 0.0353 ounces (oz.) • 1 stone = 14 lb = 6.3503 kg • 1 lb. = 16 oz = 0.4536 kg • 1 oz. = 437.5 grains = 28.3495 g

12:00 12 noon

11 pm

22:00 10 pm

21:00 9 pm

20:00

13:00 1 pm

PM

14:00 2 pm

15:00 3 pm

16:00

8 pm

VOLUME & C APACITY • 1 litre (l) = 100 centilitres (cl) = 1.7598 pints (pt.)

• 1 tablespoon (tbs) =17.76 ml

VELOCITY • Kilometres per hour (kph) x 0.62 = mph • Miles per hour (mph) x 1.6093 = kph

4 pm

19:00 7 pm

18:00 6 pm

TEMPERATURE To change Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C): F – 32 x 5 ÷ 9 = C To change Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F): C x 9 ÷ 5 + 32 = F

MATHS & CONVERSIONS

CONVERSIONS

Absolute zero 0°K (Kelvin) = -273.15C 121


GRAMMAR Understanding grammar is the key to improving your writing & speaking skills.

NOUN A naming word. • Common noun = a person, thing or place in

general - table, pencil, window.

• Proper noun = the actual name of a person,

place or thing - Adam, Sunday, Italy (always has a capital letter).

• Abstract noun = a concept or idea that can’t

• Possessive pronouns – my, your, his, her,

SUPERL ATIVE

• Indefinite pronouns – all, any, anything,

A superlative describes the highest degree of a characteristic. It is formed by adding ‘-est’ to the end of an adjective or adverb, or by putting ‘most’ before it.

VERB

• Today is the coldest day on record.

its, our, their…

everybody, everything, nobody, several

Verbs are ‘doing’ and ‘being’ words. These can be active (the action is done by the main person or thing) and passive verbs (when the action is done to the main person or thing). The verb also expresses the tense. • The magician will disappear.

(Future tense. Active).

• The fish was eaten by the shark.

(Past tense. Passive).

be touched – love, anger, kindness.

PRONOUN A pronoun is used in place of a noun or noun phrase. There are many different types of pronoun. Four of these are:

An adjective describes a noun. • The big ship sailed on the blue sea.

• Personal pronouns – I, you, he, she, it, we, they

COMPARATIVE

• Interrogative pronouns – who, whom, whose,

A comparative compares one thing to another.

which, what…

122

ADJECTIVE

• My brother is taller than me.

• That was the most exciting film I have

ever seen!

ADVERB This is a word used to modify (give further information about) an adjective, verb or another adverb. • The very tall runner ran quickly.

PREPOSITION A preposition tells you the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence. These are often a position or motion. • A deer ran across the road and into the woods. • The dog was under the table.


GRAMMAR CONJUNCTION

SYNONYM

CL AUSE

Conjunctions (also known as connectives) connect phrases to form longer sentences.

A word with an identical or very similar meaning to another.

• I bought a ticket and boarded the train.

• Hot / boiling, massive / enormous, old / ancient.

A group of words usually containing a subject and verb. A main clause makes sense independently. A subordinate clause adds further information but depends on the main clause to make sense.

A word that goes before a noun to specify which, how much or how many of the noun. It can also be a possessive.

PREFIX & SUFFIX These are added to the beginning or end of a word to create a new word or to change the meaning.

PREFIX: • impossible, disappear, illogical

SUFFIX: • powerful, enjoyment, teacher

some incredible people (Subordinate clause).

A word that has an opposite meaning to another. • Always / never, cheap / expensive, selfish /

selfless, push / pull.

• My house is in a village. • He has many friends.

• I travelled the world (Main clause) and met

COMPOUND WORD A word made of two or more words. • Armchair, tablespoon, passport, underline

CONTRACTION An abbreviation in which letters are removed from the middle of a word. It can also be an abbreviation of two words in which an apostrophe replaces missing letters. • Mr. (Mister), Dr. (Doctor), St. (Saint). • It’s (it + is), they’ve (they + have), shouldn’t

(should + not).

SIMILE When a likeness is drawn between one thing and another. This is usually done for effect.

GRAMMAR

DETERMINER

ANTONYM

• The skyscraper was as tall as a mountain. • The aeroplane glided through the air

like an eagle.

You can get more help with grammar at: www.oxforddictionaries.com/ grammar 123


PUNCTUATION Punctuation expresses tone and meaning, but a misplaced comma or question mark can be very confusing. So, be careful!

C APITAL LETTER

QUESTION MARK ?

(PARENTHESES)

Used instead of a full stop when the sentence asks a question.

Also known as brackets. Used when you want to insert an explanation into a sentence.

• Do you own any pets?

• Paris ( the capital of France) is famous for

APOSTROPHE ’

Used at the start of a sentence, proper noun, title or an organisation.

Used in place of missing letters or to show ownership of something.

• P unctuation is very important.

• We’ ll go to the cinema tomorrow.

• S arah is going to L ondon on T uesday.

• Ben’ s house is yellow.

FULL STOP.

COMMA ,

Used at the end of a sentence, for emphasis and in some abbreviations.

A comma separates different parts of a sentence. It is used in different ways:

• Everyone is happy when the sun shines.

• In a list - I had a delicious dinner of chicken,

• The weather was hot. Every single day.

potatoes, carrots and stuffing.

the Eiffel Tower.

“QUOTATION MARKS” These are used where words have been written or spoken by someone other than the author. • “ Would you like a slice of cake?” , she asked.

COLON: Colons are used to introduce further information. • I always give the same advice: treat

everyone equally.

• To make a cake you will need the following:

eggs, butter, flour, sugar & milk.

• When quoting speech - “I love to sing”,

she said.

EXCLAMATION MARK ! Used instead of a full stop to show a strong feeling like anger, surprise or shock. • Wow, that’s amazing! 124

• To separate main and subordinate clauses -

After eating a huge dinner, I didn’t really fancy dessert.

• To add more information - John, who is

very tall, always bumps his head.

HYPHENHyphens are used between words to show their relationship. • I have a three- year- old brother. • He owns a custom- built bike.


PL ANNING AN ESSAY 2 MIDDLE

• Look for key words in the question.

What is the topic? What sort of answer should you give? An essay that asks you to discuss is very different from one that asks you to summarise. • Some questions are quite open, others very

specific. Look out for points that have to be covered. • Make a mind map. This will help you to

see how arguments connect. • Make a plan to guide your essay. How

will you order your arguments? Which are most important? How will the overall argument develop?

1 INTRODUCTION • One paragraph. • Set the scene by outlining the main points

and overall argument. • Keep it short and to the point. • Capture the reader ’s attention by choosing

words carefully. Take your time to write it.

• Each point develops into a paragraph.

Remember to ‘PEE’: introduce your point, support it with evidence (a quote, for example) and give an explanation – why is this point important? • Be careful of facts and opinions. Use phrases

such as ‘it could be said that…’

TOP TIPS Keep a note of books and websites that you have used. You might be asked to provide a bibliography. • Avoid slang and abbreviations. Vary your

vocabulary and keep it formal. Above all, be clear! • Proof read! It’s easy to miss small mistakes

• Don’t wander from the point. To keep your

the first time round. Get other people to read through it too.

answer relevant, refer back to the question now and again.

• Never rush your essay. Ideas develop and

• Ask yourself how and why, not just who,

grow over time and the earlier you start, the better the final result.

where and when. • Don’t write a list! Paragraphs must link to

form a cohesive argument.

3 CONCLUSION

For more help on essay writing, try visiting some of these sites...

PUNCTUATION & PLANNING AN ESSAY

PREPARATION

• One paragraph. • This is similar to your introduction. Summarise

the points you have made and end with a final statement that answers the question. • Never introduce a new point in the conclusion!

www.bit.ly/1tK2DVD www.bit.ly/1gWVrws www.bit.ly/1pxkRtP 125


PHYSICS The world is governed by hidden forces and natural laws. Physics can open your mind and inspire you to discover more.

NEWTON’S L AW OF MOTION

Charge (Q) = current (I) x time (t)

1ST L AW:

FORCE AND MOTION

An object will stay in a state of rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by an external force.

Force = mass x acceleration Momentum = mass x velocity Change in momentum = impulse = force x time

2ND L AW:

Velocity = distance time

Force = Mass x Acceleration

3RD L AW: To every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

ENERGY Work done = force x distance moved Efficiency = useful power output x 100% total power input Joule (symbol J) - The joule is a unit of work & energy. A joule of work is the result of one newton moving one metre in the direction of the force. 126

Potential difference (V) = current (l) x resistence (R)

voltage (V) in x resistance2

(resistance1 + resistance2) Resistance = voltage (V) current (I) Electrical Energy (E) = power (P) x time (t)

Moment = force x perpendicular distance of force from pivot

Kinetic Energy (KE) = 0.5 x mass (M) x velocity (V)2

Voltage (V) = energy (E) charge (Q)

Potential dividers = voltage (V) out =

The force acting on a body is directly proportional to the mass of the body and its acceleration and is in the direction of the acceleration.

Acceleration = change in velocity time Pressure = force area

ELECTRICITY

EQUATIONS OF MOTION v = u + at

u = initial velocity

s = ut + ½ at2

v = final velocity

v = u + 2as

a = acceleration

2

2

t = time s = distance

Power (P) = current (I) x voltage (V)

Learn more about physics at:

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ gcsebitesize/physics


PERIODIC TABLE

The Periodic Table lists all the elements that have been discovered. Learn to use it by finding patterns and trends in the characteristics of different elements. G R

U P 3

2

4

5

6

1

7

Be

Li

3

beryllium

lithium

4

23

11

12

K

potassium

19

85

Rb

rubidium

37

133

calcium

20

Sr

strontium

38

Fr

barium

56

[226]

[223]

francium

87

137

Ba

Cs

caesium

55

88

Ra

radium

88

45

Sc

scandium

21

89

Y

yttrium

39

139

La

lanthanum

57

[227]

Ac

actinium

89

* Lanthanoids **

14

16

19

boron

carbon

nitrogen

oxygen

fluorine

Actinoids

51

48

Ti

titanium

22

91

Zr

zirconium

40

178

Hf

hafnium

72

[261]

Rf

rutherfordium

104

V

52

vanadium

23

93

Nb

niobium

41

181

Ta

tantalum

73

[262]

Db

dubnium

105

Cr

chromium

24

58

232

Th

thorium

90

manganese

25

[98]

Tc

molybdenum technetium

42

184

W

tungsten

74

[266]

Sg

seaborgium

106

56

Mn

Mo

43

186

Re

rhenium

75

[264]

Bh

bohrium

107

141

140

Ce

cerium

96

55

144

Pr

Nd

Fe iron

26

Ru

ruthenium

190

Os

osmium

76

[277]

Hs

hassium

108

145

Pm

praseodymium neodymium promethium

59

[231]

Pa

protactinium

91

60

238

U

uranium

92

cobalt

27

101

44

Ni

Co

61

[237]

Np

neptunium

93

103

28

rhodium

192

palladium

46

[268]

29

copper

195

platinum

78

[271]

Mt

Ds

30

108

Ag

110

mercury

gold

80

[272]

Rg

Eu

62

[242]

europium

63

[243]

Am

Pu

plutonium

94

americium

95

64

[247]

Tb

terbium

65

[245]

Cm

96

Ga

Bk

berkelium

curium

Si

silicon

14

germanium

119

indium

arsenic

33

Tl

antimony

51

207 lead

82

209

Bi

Pb

thallium

81

122

Sb

tin

50

204

75

As

Sn

In

49

15

bismuth

83

9

32

P

phosphorus

73

32

115

8

31

Ge

gallium

31

159

157

Gd

gadolinium

70

7

28

S

Cl

17

79

80

10

bromine

selenium

35

128

127

Te

18

tellurium

iodine

53

[210]

[209]

At

Po

astatine

polonium

85

84

neon

40

argon

84

Kr

36

krypton

131

Xe

I

52

Ne Ar

Br

Se

34

35.5 chlorine

sulphur

16

20

F

O

N

helium

2

54

xenon

[222]

Rn

86

radon

Elements with atomic numbers 112-116 have been reported but not fully authenticated

111

152

150

Sm

samarium

201

Hg

Au

meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium

109

zinc

112

cadmium

48

197

79

Zn

13

Cd

silver

47

Pt

Ir

iridium

77

106

Cu

Pd

Rh

45

nickel

65

63.5

59

59

C

6

27

aluminium

40

Ca

12

Al

magnesium

39

11

B

5

24

Mg

Na

sodium

4

He

H

hydrogen

1

9

7

0

97

163

66

[251]

Cf

californium

98

165

167

holmium

erbium

Ho

Dy

dysprosium

67

68

[253]

[254]

Es

einsteinium

99

169

Fm

fermium

100

173

Tm

Er

Yb

ytterbium

thulium

69

70

[256]

Md

[254]

mendelevium

101

No

nobelium

102

PHYSICS & PERIODIC TABLE

1

O

175

Lu

lutetium

71

[257]

Lr

lawrencium

103

Please note: Where elements do not have a stable isotope, the relative atomic mass is given in square brackets STATE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

-m s

s

al

al

et

et

i-m

s se ) ga tals le e ob -m N on (n

on

m

rth

s ls) en ta og e al -m H on (n

N

Se

s

al

et

M

Grey=unknown

s

Red=gas

Gr

al

Re

Ea e lin ka ls Al eta m

Black=solid Blue=liquid

et

Bl Blu

li m

1

ka

KEY

Al

KEY

BACKGROUND COLOUR

Learn more about the Periodic Table & the Elements at www.periodicvideos.com

The information in this Periodic Table was guided by the specifications and exam papers of OCR, Edexcel and AQA

127


INTERNET SAFETY The internet is undoubtedly an incredible invention but there are dangers to watch out for. When surfing the net on your mobile, laptop or tablet, follow these golden rules to keep safe.

If you’re being bullied or are worried about a friend, Beat Bullying beatbullying.org & ChildLine childline.org.uk offer great advice. You can even create an account & talk to a mentor or counsellor. • When using a search engine, switch on the

safer search filter. Choose words carefully so you don’t see anything offensive.

PROTECTING YOURSELF • Keep your address, email and phone number

to yourself. Only close friends and family need to know these. • Think first! Embarrassing or revealing social

media profile photos can be seen by anyone. If you post on a forum or have a blog, are you happy for anyone to read it? • If someone contacts you or wants to be

‘friends’, ask yourself ‘how well do I know this person?’ before responding. • It’s a good idea to avoid using your full

name. To be extra-safe, choose another name altogether. • Keep your password to yourself and choose

one that isn’t obvious. Lock your phone with a PIN code and log out of any accounts. • Are you old enough? Some websites have

a minimum age (13 on Facebook). If you’re younger they could be unsuitable. 128

PROTECTING YOUR GADGETS • Never download an email attachment from an

unknown person. • Make sure you have anti-virus software before

downloading anything. • Downloading music and films illegally can also

result in a virus. • Your phone can get a virus too, so be careful

of the websites you choose to visit.

BULLIES & TRICKSTERS • Never meet up with someone you met online.

They might seem nice in the virtual world, but the reality could be very different. • Ignore strangers who contact you claiming to

be in trouble or in need of money.

• Ignore people who ask for private

information like bank details. A real bank would never ask you to give this information over the phone or by email. • The internet is not the real world. If someone

becomes aggressive, don’t get involved! • If you’re bullied, save any messages and tell

someone you trust. • Many websites have their own advice on what

to do if you feel threatened. Have a look at the Facebook and Twitter help pages:

www.facebook.com/help support.twitter.com/articles/20169998reporting-abusive-behavior

If you want to know more, there’s plenty of help out there! www.thinkuknow.co.uk www.digizen.org


REVISION

Preparation is the secret to exam success. Revise properly and you’ll have no worries!

P

= PL AN

Plan your revision around your priorities. Which exam is first? Which subjects do you find hardest? Remember to be realistic when planning your time – rushed revision is unproductive revision, so start nice and early.

R

= REVISE

Whether it’s mind maps or revision cards, find out what revision method works best for you. Try revising with friends – listening to their ideas and teaching them what you’ve been learning can be very effective. Revise in a place without distractions and keep notes organised.

E

= EAT WELL & EXERCISE

A good diet is vital, so be sure to eat your five-a-day. Nuts, fish and whole grains are also good brain foods. Drink plenty of water to keep your body and brain hydrated. Get out in the fresh air as often as you can.

P

= PRACTISE

Look at past exam papers to know what to expect. After a few weeks of revision, practise them in exam conditions without looking at your notes. Ask your teacher to mark them for you to see if you’re on the right track.

A

= ASK FOR HELP

It will be tempting to revise what you already know. Don’t ignore what you don’t understand! Make sure that you ask a teacher or a friend for help before it gets too late.

R

= REST

Believe it or not, it is possible to over revise. Make sure you take a break every 45 minutes and get plenty of fresh air and sleep. It’s during sleep that our brains organise and make sense of everything that we have been learning.

E

= EXAM

Be prepared! Switch your phone off and have everything you need. Don’t try to revise just before going in. When you begin, read the questions carefully and think before answering. If you’re struggling, leave difficult questions until the end. If you have time, read through your answers and correct any mistakes.

PHYSICS & PERIODIC TABLE

TOP TIPS FOR EXAMS

You’re bound to be nervous during the exam period, but if you’ve revised properly there’s no need to worry. If you need more tips on exam stress, visit the Stress Busting website:

www.stressbusting.co.uk/how-to-dealwith-exam-stress

Get more help at: www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize 129


WORLD RELIGIONS

ISL AM • • • • • • •

Billions of people around the World follow a religion. How much do you know about the different faiths? Here we explore the 6 most popular.

Began: 1,500 years ago in Saudi Arabia Followers: 1.6 billion, mostly in Indonesia & Middle East Branches: include Sunni and Shi’a Place of worship: Mosque Texts: The Qur’an, Hadith and Sunnah Beliefs: Allah, Muhammad, the Prophets, Five Pillars, afterlife Key events: The fast of Ramadan commemorates the month that Allah revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad. When Ramadan is over, Allah is thanked during Eid al-Fitr. Eid al-Adha commemorates the Prophet Ibrahim

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/islam

CHRISTIANITY

SIKHISM

• • • • • • •

• • • • •

Began: Founded in 1499 in Punjab, India. Followers: 27 million, mostly in India. Place of worship: Gurdwara. Texts: Guru Granth Sahib. Beliefs: Ik Onkar, teachings of the Gurus, honesty, charity, equality, reincarnation, karma, mukti. • Key events: Vaisakhi celebrates the birth of Sikhism in 1699. Guru Nanak’s birthday is a celebration of his influence.

Began: 2,000 years ago in Palestine Followers: 2 billion Branches inc.: Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox & Anglican Place of worship: Church Texts: Holy Bible Beliefs: Jesus Christ, God, the Trinity, Heaven, baptism, sin Key events: Christmas Day marks the birth of Jesus Christ. Good Friday & Easter Sunday mark the death & resurrection of Jesus

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/sikhism

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/christianity

JUDAISM • • • • • •

Began: 4,000 years ago in the Middle East Followers: 13 million, mostly in Israel & the USA Branches inc.: Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, Liberal Place of worship: Synagogue Texts: Torah, Tanakh Beliefs: God, Abraham, Moses, Ten Commandments, community, family • Key events: Rosh Hashanah is Jewish New Year & the Day of Judgement. During Yom Kippur, Jews fast & ask for forgiveness www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/judaism 130

HINDUISM

BUDDHISM

• • • • •

Began: 5,000 years ago in Pakistan Followers: 900 million, mostly in India & Nepal Branches inc.: Vaishnavites and Shaivites Place of worship: Mandir Texts: Vedas, Samhitas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, Ramayana • Beliefs: Brahman (God) and Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva • Key events: Diwali is about the victory of light over darkness. Holi, the festival of colours, marks the beginning of spring. Navratri celebrates the triumph of good over evil. The goddess Durga is worshipped

• • • • •

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/hinduism

www.bbc.co.uk/schools/religion/buddhism

Began: 2,500 years ago in Nepal. Followers: 370 million followers, mostly in Asia. Branches inc.: Theravada, Mahayana and Lamaism. Place of worship: Temple. Texts: Dhammapada, Tipitaka, Mahayana Sutras, Vajrayana, Bardo Thodol. • Beliefs: Buddha, reincarnation, nirvana, meditation, Noble Truths. • Key events: Nirvana Day commemorates the death of the Buddha. Buddhists reflect on life. Songkran is New Year in Thailand. Water is thrown as a blessing. Wesak Day Celebrates the birth of the Buddha.


THE UK GENERAL ELECTION A general election is scheduled for Thursday 7th May 2015. Below is some background information. The purpose of the election is to give citizens a democratic opportunity to choose their government. Democracy means rule of the people and dates back to Ancient Greece. Britain is a representative democracy, meaning citizens elect representatives (candidates from political parties or independent candidates) to represent them who become Members of Parliament or MP’s.

can form tactical alliances to create a majority and form a coalition government – as we have had since 2010. UK governments now serve fixed 5 year terms, unless of course they have to cut their term short. We are also a constitutional monarchy, meaning we have a non-political ceremonial head of state (The Queen in 2014) whilst we have a different person (The Prime Minister) who heads the Government. The ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected parliament, not with the Monarch. This compares to a presidential, or republican system where both roles are held by the same person, such as in the USA.

PARLIAMENT

WHO CAN VOTE?

There are 650 constituencies in the UK and therefore 650 seats or MP’s in Parliament.

If you are a:

In the UK we operate a parliamentary system that uses the first-past-the-post system (one winner/one seat per constituency) as opposed to proportional representation (total number of seats is divided by total percentage of votes across the whole country).

• Qualifying Commonwealth citizen;

The political party gaining a majority of seats in the election can form a government. If no one party gains a majority, some of the parties

• UK citizen; (even if you reside abroad) • Republic of Ireland citizen living in the UK;

As long as you are aged 18 or over on the day of the election then you can cast a vote for a candidate/political party of your choosing in your local parliamentary constituency. The right to vote, that all over-18s take for granted, has been a long & hard fought struggle.

Since medieval times and up to 1832 less than 2% of the population had the right to vote. Qualification was linked to the male landowning class. Thankfully this right has gradually increased to now include about 75% of the population – most over-18’s – through political action and liberal reforms. An example was the Suffragette movement in the late 19th & early 20th centuries that helped women get the vote for the first time in 1918.

DEMOCRACY & YOU You might not yet be 18 but it doesn’t mean you can’t make a difference: • You can register for voting from the age of 16 • There is a campaign to lower the voting age

www.votesat16.org

RELIGION & UK GENERAL ELECTION

DEMOCRACY

• And there is a Youth Parliament

www.ukyouthparliament.org.uk

" Democracy is the worst form of government, except for all those other forms that have been tried from time to time " Winston Churchill 131


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Knowing how to use maps is an incredibly important life skill. Not only can they help us find our way, but they can also tell us about terrain and political borders, about history and how the world is changing.

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HOMEWORK Date

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NOTES

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Non No! Ferma

Dur Turkish

French

Nein German

停止

Italian

Chinese

Cha

Scottish Gaelic

Não Portugese

Không Opri Stanna Vietnamese

Swedish

Megáll Hakuna Nej Nada Nee Romanian

Hungarian

Swahili

Ókhi Greek

Danish

Dutch

Spanish

The traffic light card system is designed to gauge how well you understood a topic in your lesson, or as a way of voicing your opinion.

The RED card means: I did not understand • I vote NO 141


NOTES

142


Maybe! Talán

Hungarian

Misschien Dutch

Efallai Quizá Welsh

Poate Romanian

Belki

Turkish

Talvez Portuguese

Peut-Être French

Spanish

B’fhéidir Irish Gaelic

Vielleicht Forse Labda Kanske Swedish

German

Italian

‘S Dòcha Scottish Gaelic

Swahili

The traffic light card system is designed to gauge how well you understood a topic in your lesson, or as a way of voicing your opinion.

The ORANGE card means: I am partially confident that I understand • I’m not sure 143


Begynde Yes! Danish

Vâng Andare Gehen Evet Comenzar Ie Tak Vietnamese

Italian

German

Turkish

Spanish

Welsh

Polish

Tá Kwenda Gå Irish Gaelic

Swahili

Rach Scottish Gaelic

The traffic light card system is designed to gauge how well you understood a topic in your lesson, or as a way of voicing your opinion.

The GREEN card means: I am confident that I understand • I vote YES 144

Du-Te Romanian

Igen Sim Swedish

Portuguese

Hungarian

Oui French

Gaan Dutch




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