New Zealand Security - June-July 2022

June/July 2022

New Zealand Security Magazine

A MODEL PRIVATE SECURITY SECTOR: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM SINGAPORE?

NZ OSPAs 2022:

Security Psychology:

Blunt Force:

We profile the winners of each award category

Deterrence and the importance of being watched

The underreported threat to security professionals

June/July 2022

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CONTENTS ISSN Print 1175-2149 • ISSN Online 2537-8937

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Editorial....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Dahua TiOC 2.0: Customisable Security Alarm System Made Possible........................................................................ 8 In depth: The Psychology of Deterrence........................................................................................................................... 10 Distinguishing Features: Provision-ISR DDA Video Analytics........................................................................................ 14 Cyber Fears: Australian Security Confidence Index 2022.............................................................................................. 16 Spotlight On Data Centre Security..................................................................................................................................... 18 How to choose the right alarm system for your home or business?............................................................................ 20 Who cares about Domestic Violence?............................................................................................................................... 22 Budget 2022: More police to target gangs........................................................................................................................ 24 Tecom support and training in New Zealand gets a boost............................................................................................. 25 NZSA CEO’s May Report...................................................................................................................................................... 26 Government funding to protect shops from ram raids.................................................................................................... 28 Agile, what the @#$% is Agile?............................................................................................................................................ 30 New Zealand OSPAs recognise the security industry’s finest....................................................................................... 32 Blunt Force: The Underreported Threat of the Security Professional......................................................................... 38 Singapore invests in integrating security guarding and technology..............................................................................40 Singapore passes new laws to protect private security officers from abuse.............................................................. 42 International cyber threats from a New Zealand perspective.......................................................................................44 Singapore’s security consultants now industry regulated............................................................................................... 46

Industry Associations

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www.asis.org.nz

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June/July 2022

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www.assaabloy.com/nz June/July 2022

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FROM THE EDITOR Kia ora and welcome to the June-July 2022 issue of New Zealand Security Magazine! In this issue we focus on perimeter protection, alarms, and CCTV, as well as all the latest solutions and industry news.

Firstly, a big thanks also to this issue’s wonderful sponsors and leading manufacturers and distributors Loktronic, Hikvision, ASSA ABLOY, Southwest Microwave (Surveillance Technologies Ltd), Dahua, Tecom (Surveillance Technologies Ltd), Provision-ISR (SWL) and Vivotek (Clear Digital). Our sponsors play an important role by contributing to a vibrant and informed security sector through their support of the magazine.

Inside this issue, we feature the winners of the inaugural New Zealand Outstanding Security Performance Awards (OSPAs), who were announced at a gala dinner at Auckland’s Aotea Centre on 27 May. A big congratulations to all the winners and finalists!

I was surprised and humbled to receive the award for Lifetime Achievement, and I’d like to take this opportunity to reiterate my thanks to the industry for its support. I am grateful in particular to my colleague and publisher of NZSM, Mr Craig Flint. In addition to being the catalyst for my joining the industry, Craig has been a patient guide and mentor over many years. He is a friend in the truest and most selfless sense of the word, and he is a truly awesome human being.

Among the features in this issue of NZSM, I recommend to you the excellent piece by David Glynn on the psychology of deterrence, David Withers’ ‘Agile’ explainer, and the thought provoking article on domestic violence by Heather Robertson.

An addition, I’d like to draw your attention to a cluster of three articles on the state of Singapore’s security industry. The city-state has been shaking up its industry for the better, with government and industry working together to achieve some pretty special things. Interestingly, the country has just introduced specific offences and penalties for harassment and abuse of security officers… one of the many initiatives we could potentially learn from.

As always, I’d like to recognise our association and event partners, and in particular the New Zealand Security Association, the New Zealand Institute of Private Investigators, ASIS International, Risk NZ, the Outstanding Security Performance Awards, 2022 Security Exhibition & Conference, and Massey University’s Centre for Defence and Security Studies.

Stay safe and stay well.

Nicholas Dynon, Auckland

DEFSEC

New Zealand’s National Defence, Fire and Security Publishers of: Line of Defence, FireNZ, New Zealand Security Magazine

Contact Details: Chief Editor, Nick Dynon Phone: + 64 (0) 223 663 691 Email: nick@defsec.net.nz Publisher, Craig Flint Phone: + 64 (0)274 597 621 Email: craig@defsec.net.nz Postal and delivery address: 27 West Crescent, Te Puru 3575, Thames, RD5, New Zealand

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Upcoming Issue August/September 2022 Building, Construction, Facilities Integration, Consultants, Electricians, CCTV Installers, Architects, Engineers, Intergrators & Estimators facebook.com/defsecmedia twitter.com/DefsecNZ linkedin.com/company/ defsec-media-limited

NZSM New Zealand Security Magazine

Nick Dynon Chief Editor Nick has written for NZSM since 2013.

He writes on all things security, but is particularly fascinated with the fault lines between security and privacy, and between individual, enterprise and national security.

Prior to NZSM he clocked up over 20 years experience in various border security and military roles.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is given in good faith and has been derived from sources believed to be reliable and accurate. However, neither the publishers nor any person involved in the preparation of this publication accept any form of liability whatsoever for its contents including advertisements, editorials, opinions, advice or information or for any consequences from its use.

Copyright: No article or part thereof may be reproduced without prior consent of the publisher.

June/July 2022

June/July 2022

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Dahua TiOC 2.0: Customisable Security Alarm System Made Possible The upgraded Dahua TiOC 2.0 offers innovative features allowing users to customise based on their own preferences, while Smart Dual Illuminators and VoiceCatcher technology take care of unwanted light pollution and background noise.

Traditional monitoring systems often face a myriad of challenges: excessive usage of white light just to capture colour images; ubiquitous background noise; complicated alarm accessories; and lack of integration with third-party alarm systems, among others. In response to these issues, Dahua Technology has launched its upgraded Three-in-One Camera series – the TiOC 2.0.

Aside from its Active Deterrence function, it is also equipped with Smart Dual Illuminators, VoiceCatcher technology and other intelligent features that can help ease your monitoring operation and customise your alarm system based on your actual needs.

Smart Dual Illuminators: Flexible lighting modes The upgraded TiOC 2.0 features Smart Dual Illumination technology can flexibly switch between IR mode and white light mode.

The smart illumination mode adopts deep learning algorithm to detect targets. When the Smart Illumination Mode (default mode) is enabled, the supplementary white light will only turn on when a target has been detected in the monitored area (PTZ camera tracks the target).

The active alarm will be triggered as well (siren and blue & red light) if the target enters the rule area. When the target leaves the monitored area, the supplementary white light will turn off (PTZ camera goes back to preset) and the 8

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IR illuminator will turn back on, which can significantly help reduce light pollution during night time.

Together with other modes including IR Mode and White Light Mode, the smart dual illumination technology can meet various scene requirements of customers.

VoiceCatcher Technology: Purer voice audio, further pickup distance The Dahua VoiceCatcher technology adopts a highsensitivity dual mic array – a newly designed audio acquisition circuit that can intercept external circuit interference. With Dahua’s self-developed noise reduction June/July 2022

algorithm and high-performance SOC, this feature significantly increases the camera’s audio pick-up distance by seven meters compared to the previous generation of TiOC (based on a standard laboratory environment).

In addition, the VoiceCatcher technology can also reduce noise and extract audible audio signals, which greatly enhance the TiOC 2.0 cameras in terms of sound quality. These dual mic cameras provide clear sound, high wind noise reduction rate, and low environmental background noise, whereas a typical single mic produces a slightly distorted sound.

Combined with built-in speaker, a dual mic array greatly enhances the device’s Two-way Talk function, providing clearer and more audible sounds.

Better Image: New low-light image experience Normally, the focus for visible light and IR light cannot be achieved in the same plane when the camera uses F1.0 large aperture. Focusing on an area in the monitored scene using cameras with these specs is difficult.

Powered by OPC (Optical Path Compensation) technology, the TiOC 2.0 cameras can correct the angle of refraction of different light rays, allowing Dahua IPCs to output brighter and clearer black and white images with F1.0 large aperture lens. It is the first Dahua Network Camera with this feature.

Moreover, Dahua has innovatively adopted F1.0 super large aperture, which greatly improves image quality (IR cameras on the market mostly have F1.6 aperture). The F1.0 aperture lens of TiOC 2.0 cameras increases the light input by 1.96 times and 2.56 times compared with F1.4 and F1.6 respectively.

This technological breakthrough enables a smooth visual experience with high brightness and real-time 4K resolution at 25/30 fps even when AI is enabled.

Ecosystem: Convenient functions for easy operation Aside from the DMSS app, the TiOC 2.0 camera series also works with WEB/NVR software. It allows configuration of alarm-in ports directly on the webpage interface, providing alarm receiving or one-tap arming/ disarming function that can control both siren and

warning lights with just a click of a button through the alarm system interface.

It features 11 built-in alarm sounds and supports importing of custom voice audios that can be used as a welcome message in stores and as a deterrent in restricted areas.

AI Features: Enhanced detection of events This upgraded series also adopts AI algorithm instead of conventional PIR sensors to improve its event detection accuracy. It boasts an array of AI functions, including SMD 3.0, Perimeter Protection, making it suitable to various application scenarios, including public areas and private places.

Auto Tracking 3.0 (PTZ): Smaller target size, longer tracking distance Equipped with a deep learning algorithm, the upgraded TiOC 2.0 also offers Auto Tracking 3.0, a unique technology of PTZ cameras. It utilises the characteristics of the PTZ camera to rotate (horizontally and vertically) and zoom in/out to track targets. Once a target triggers the IVS rule, the camera zooms in and tracks the defined target in motion within the scene.

Auto Tracking 3.0 provides a smooth tracking process.

Combined with PFA 3.0 algorithm (a deep fusion of intelligent algorithms and focusing algorithms), it realises touchless focusing during the tracking and capturing process. With the Auto Tracking 2.0 algorithm as its foundation, the requirements for the tracking size of the target are further reduced, making the target size smaller and the tracking distance longer.

Overall, the upgraded Dahua TiOC 2.0 offers innovative features that allow users to customise their monitoring systems based on their own preferences. Its Smart Dual Illuminators can help reduce light pollution during the night, while its VoiceCatcher technology can significantly decrease background noise.

It is equipped with F1.0 large aperture and optical path compensation technology – a breakthrough technology in the industry – that can capture brighter and clearer image even under low-light conditions. What’s more, it offers longer tracking distance and intelligent AI functions that can help ease surveillance operation. It also allows integration with traditional alarm systems.

The release of this series demonstrates Dahua Technology’s ongoing dedication to “Innovation, Quality and Service” in order to serve its partners and customers around the world.

Security Wholesale Limited is New Zealand’s first and largest Dahua Distributor with outstanding quality and exceptional customer service, by offering an expanded and multi-purpose product range and local stock for quicker deliveries. If you have any enquiries about TIOC 2.0, please get in touch with SWL today at www.swl.co.nz.

In depth: The Psychology of Deterrence In this second instalment in his ‘psychology of security’ series, David Glynn takes an in-depth look at the psychology or deterrence, writing that true deterrence is the art of convincing criminals that carrying out their criminal intentions elsewhere is the safest thing to do.

For the security industry, the adage that ‘an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’ is even more important than it is in medicine.

Prevention is at the core of all that security practitioners do, and at the heart of prevention lies deterrence.

Although the words may be used interchangeably – and often are – deterrence and prevention are not synonyms. To prevent is to keep something from happening, while to deter is ‘to discourage someone from doing something by instilling doubt or fear of the consequences,’ as defined by the Oxford Dictionary.

Its secondary meaning in the Oxford is ‘to prevent the occurrence of,’ and in the combination of these two we find what ‘deterrence’ means, generally, for security practitioners – deterring people so that they are unable or unwilling to commit crimes.

any experience, or indeed anyone who’s ever watched a movie, knows that people will go to extraordinary physical lengths to commit a crime, if they believe the prize is worth it. This may also be accompanied by highly sophisticated planning and logistics – think Ocean’s Eleven or The Great Train Robbery – and such plans do not always fail.

On the other hand, much crime is simply opportunism, with an open gate or window or an unattended shop counter enough to inspire someone to steal. And often the potential consequences are not even brought to mind, let alone considered.

The certainty effect There may be some (though probably none in the security professions) who still believe that the threat of punishment acts as an effective deterrent to crime. If that were true, there would be neither crime nor criminals.

While actual punishment is part of the process of deterrence, the idea of certainty is in fact far more important.

As Daniel S. Nagin, Professor of Public Policy and Statistics at Carnegie Mellon University writes in his essay Deterrence in the Twenty-First Century, “The evidence in support of the deterrent effect of the certainty of

It’s not all in the mind In our previous article, we looked at the psychology of security as being predominately a mental process.

When talking about deterrence, we need to take into account both the psychological and the physical. While we can create impediments to crime – fences, locks, the presence of guards – that are both physical and mental, we can also create deterrents which are almost entirely psychological.

So, what deters people from committing crime? Anyone with 10

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punishment is far more consistent than that for the severity of punishment.”

Certainty, both of being caught and then of possibly being punished, is what works. Continues Nagin, “However, the evidence in support of certainty’s effect pertains almost exclusively to apprehension probability. Consequently, the more precise statement is that certainty of apprehension, not the severity of the ensuing legal consequence, is the more effective deterrent.”

Understanding this idea is therefore hugely important when implementing any security programme or strategy.

Not only does it work in conjunction with the physical apparatuses of security such as CCTV cameras, alarms and guard patrols, it also provides an understanding of how and why those things work, and how they don’t.

The importance of being watched The first use of CCTV technology was in Germany in 1942, when engineer Walter Bruch designed a system for the monitoring of V-2 rockets from a safe distance inside a bunker. The first commercially available CCTV systems were offered by the American company Vericon in

1949, and in 1953, CCTV was used in the U.K. during the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. Over time, monitoring systems have become ubiquitous in both public and private spaces, and an essential tool of the security industry – it’s estimated that there are currently some 100 million security cameras operating worldwide.

The early use of CCTV in retail stores involved cameras that were bulky and highly visible, with PanTilt-Zoom (PTZ) capability that left customers and staff under no illusion they were being watched, and that any crime they committed was being recorded.

Over time, camera domes were introduced, which protected cameras from damage and made them much less conspicuous, concealing both their view and movements. And because domes were much cheaper than the cameras themselves, soon empty domes were installed with the purpose of acting solely as a deterrent.

As technology progressed from real-time monitoring through recorded tape to digital multiplexing systems with time lapse and motion-only recording, all operated by software, digital monitoring has become a key

component in keeping nearly every kind of business secure. Camera surveillance is also now prevalent in public spaces, and increasingly in private residences.

The something of the something But can camera surveillance be proven as an effective deterrent against crime?

A 2017 Justice Department Evidence Brief quotes three meta-analyses from the UK, which found that “CCTV can be effective at reducing crime when tailored to a specific context but did not support the use of CCTV as a more generic widespread crime prevention measure.”

The most recent meta-analysis, from 2008, synthesised the results of 41 studies, finding that CCTV “has a modest but significant effect on crime with an overall reduction of 16 percent.”

Practically, however, it can be very difficult to establish the realworld effectiveness of any theoretical deterrent, cameras included. The Surveillance Studies Centre at Queen’s University in Ontario states plainly that “There may well be more evidence that cameras have little to no deterrent effect, since crime rates and other indicators used to measure deterrence

fluctuate greatly after camera surveillance installation.”

Historically, providing tangible, often unassailable evidence of both a crime and its perpetrator(s) was the defining argument for implementing security cameras, and certainly they served to dramatically increase the apprehension, prosecution, and conviction of criminals.

But this success is of course retroactive, not preventative. As we have seen from Nagin, it is the certainty that he or she will be apprehended – caught – that acts as the greatest deterrent to the criminal, and thus prevents the crime.

Active versus reactive deterrence Surveillance systems are far from the only preventative or deterrent measures security professionals have at their disposal. Recently, however, the combination of technologies into the ‘smart camera’ has allowed these systems to become active rather than passive, leaving potential criminals under no doubt that their activities are being observed.

Whether linked to monitoring stations or not, these cameras use AI and machine learning to differentiate between human and non-human motion; if a human intruder is detected, connected loudspeakers can then play a verbal warning message

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that a perpetrator is being watched and that security personnel have been dispatched. Having a human voice rather than an alarm indicate awareness of their presence has the almost guaranteed effect of making them leave the property.

Though effective, such a system is still largely reactive, coming into play only once some potentially criminal activity is in progress. Ideally, deterrence should serve to pre-empt even that.

The range of situations that security managers and integrators must anticipate and provide for is of course vast, from protecting physical spaces, property and people to preventing cybercrime.

We have covered the important part that certainty of apprehension has in deterring criminal activity, but it is by no means the only factor.

Crime in four dimensions A study by John S. Carroll in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ‘A psychological approach to deterrence: The evaluation of crime opportunities,’ maintains that “potential criminals make a few simple comparisons and partial examinations of crime opportunities. It is also argued that the relevant data for studying responses to crime opportunities are individual judgments rather than aggregate statistics.”

Which is to say that the choice to commit any given crime relies on the judgements of the individual in question. In the study Carroll evaluated three outcome gambles consisting of four dimensions: (a) the probability of a successful crime, (b) the money obtained if successful, (c) the probability of capture, and (d) the penalty if caught. What he found was that “Money was the most important dimension, followed by penalty, probability of success, and probability of capture.”

Such a result should not be particularly surprising – most people when contemplating a crime will be most focused on the reward, be it large or small. Unfortunately, this is the factor security practitioners have the least control over, if any. Nor can they dictate the penalty. Indicating to criminals that there is both a lesser probability of success and a greater possibility of capture is the essential nature of active deterrence.

Deterrence as opportunity reduction One of the most successful and wellknown examples of deterrence is the ‘broken windows’ theory developed by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling in 1982 and used to great effect by the New York Police Department in the 1990s.

Wilson and Kelling saw serious crime as the final result of a lengthier chain of events, theorising that crime emanated from disorder and that if disorder were eliminated, then serious crimes would not occur. For security practitioners, what this means is ensuring there are no broken windows, no gaps or cracks in their systems for criminals to observe and exploit.

Perception is reality, and it is just as important for a system to appear secure as to be secure.

As Carroll observed, when presented with opportunities for crime, people often make only partial examinations of the circumstance and simple comparisons with other options. Opportunists and amateurs far outnumber career criminals, and even those will soon move on if confronted by a challenge, or if there June/July 2022

is an easier opportunity around the corner.

Over the last 50 years, psychological research into crime and its environments has resulted in such concepts as ‘target hardening’, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and ‘defensible space’, all of which explore sophisticated solutions to the problem of deterrence.

But in his “Approaches to Target Hardening” Tom O’Connor says, they are “in essence, the same as the concept of opportunity reduction, except that what matters is that security measures should be visible and send a clear message or signal.”

Paradoxically, however, “A determined, clever criminal would probably not be deterred, and some cleverer ones might even be attracted to hardened targets.”

Conning the crimsFirst, what is cybercrime? A simple definition is that cybercrime are crimes in which computer networks are the target or a substantial tool. This may include illegal hacking, theft of data and/

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or denial of service attacks, as well as using the Internet to steal or extort money. But although the medium through which such crimes are committed and the methods employed differ substantially, the psychology of cybercriminals remains essentially the same.

While the tools and strategies for preventing cybercrime – strong authentication, encryption, measures to detect and defeat malware – are readily available, effective deterrents may be scarcer. This has much to do with cybercrime’s non-local nature.

Many if not most cybercriminals operate from other countries, where there is much less to fear in terms of apprehension and punishment.

Tracking criminals, too, can be much more difficult through digital networks, though certainly not impossible.

Security practitioners working in the world of digital information already possess the specialist capabilities needed to make the networks they protect as robust as possible. What is necessary is to keep

the fundamental precepts of deterrence in mind at all times.

Deterring cybercrime The fundamental principle of deterrence has been characterised as simply “the process of manipulating an adversary’s cost/benefit calculations to prevent him from doing something you do not want him to do.”

For many criminals, those calculations are often made without much sophistication, or indeed barely made at all. The reality is that opportunities for crime are virtually limitless, and anyone with a will can seek them out.

The other essential truth is that all but the most dedicated and experienced criminals will always take the path of least resistance. If faced with the certainty, real or otherwise, that they will be apprehended, most will choose to look elsewhere. If the reward is observably less than the effort required to gain it, they’ll do likewise.

True deterrence is the art of convincing criminals that going elsewhere is the safest thing to do.

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Distinguishing Features: Provision-ISR DDA Video Analytics Provision-ISR DDA Video Analytics harnesses AI capabilities to distinguish between humans, two-wheeled vehicles, and four-wheeled vehicles, providing users with a suite of security, safety, and business analytics options.

Detect. Distinguish. Alert The video surveillance market is changing fast, with Artificial Intelligence transforming end user expectations by increasing detection accuracy and reducing false alarms. With DDA™ VIDEO ANALYTICS , Provision-ISR harnesses AI to deliver video surveillance capable of detecting, distinguishing, and alerting.

Developed by Provision-ISR’s Israeli engineers with an intent to keep the user experience intuitive and straightforward, DDA™ VIDEO ANALYTICS delivers new levels of useability and analytical capability.

The end of false alarms Machine learning and the rapid development of deep learning approaches have revolutionised video analytics.

Object Recognition technology in particular involves using the ‘experience’ gathered in datasets to recognise objects belonging to a particular type based on specific characteristics associated with that type.

Based on smart object recognition technology, DDA™ VIDEO ANALYTICS is capable of distinguishing between humans, four-wheeled vehicles and two-wheeled vehicles. The system triggers alarms or sends push notifications only when the desired object – such as a human in a vehicle-only zone – is detected.

This powerful capability reduces annoying false alarms caused by red herrings such as shadows, light changes, shaking trees or animals.

DDA™ - Line Crossing Within the system the user can set access permissions and the crossing direction by drawing lines on a scene captured by camera footage. When the selected object type (human, twowheeled vehicle, or four-wheeled vehicle) crosses the line, the system will trigger an alarm.

If vehicles are not allowed to cross the line but humans are, for example, the system will generate an alarm only when a vehicle passes. It will not initiate an alarm if a person crosses the line. This constitutes an excellent capability in perimeter protection, home/office/shop safety, and one-way street monitoring applications.

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DDA™ - Sterile Area By drawing a virtual area (such as a rectangle) in the scene, a user can set access permissions that will result in the system triggering an alarm if a selected object type crosses the line.

If vehicles are not allowed to access the site but people are, the system will generate an alarm only when a vehicle enters the sterile/restricted area. The user can also configure the system to alarm upon a selected object type exiting the area – ideal for scenarios such as emergency exit surveillance, pedestrian area monitoring, and car dealership monitoring.

DDA™ - Object Counting With Object Counting, the user can set parameters enabling the system to count when an object of a selected object type crosses a line. If the observed vehicle counting area is set at the entrance of a carpark, for example, the system can monitor carpark occupancy and alarm when parking has reached capacity.

In addition to monitoring the maximum capacity of a building/area, this function can be harnessed for a range of applications, such as visitor/customer counting for marketing and business analytics purposes.

Provision-ISR is exclusively distributed in New Zealand

by Security Wholesale Ltd – www.swl.co.nz or visit the NZ Provision-ISR website at www.provision-isr.co.nz.

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DDA VIDEO ANALYTICS

Detect. Distinguish. Alert.

DDA VIDEO ANALYTICS allows the system to distinguish between humans, 4-wheel vehicles, and 2-wheel vehicles based on smart object recognition technology. Thanks to this technology, the system triggers alarms or sends push notifications only when the desired object is detected and, by doing so, reduces annoying false alarms caused by shadows, light changes, shaking trees, animals, etc.

Human 4 wheel vehicles

Human

Human

2 wheel vehicles

Exclusive to: Security Wholesale Ltd | Auckland | Wellington | Christchurch | www.swl.co.nz

Security Wholesale Limited

Cyber Fears: Australian Security Confidence Index 2022 Commissioned by ASIAL, the Australian Security Confidence Index (ASCI) 2022 identifies cyber threats as the number one security fear among Australians, with sexual assault and terrorism major concerns.

Now more than ever before, Australians are increasingly concerned about cyber security, sexual assault and terrorism.

Fear of sexual assault, physical assault, robbery, terrorism and a spike in cyberattacks are the five key security concerns among Australians in 2022, according to the Australian Security Confidence Index (ASCI).

The annual study, commissioned by the Australian Security Industry Association Ltd (ASIAL) surveyed 1,600 Australians nationwide from all walks of life about their security concerns in a range of contexts, from their own homes and workplaces, to their online activities and when at large in public.

It reveals the depth of feeling Australians have for their security in an increasingly uncertain and securityconscious world.

ASIAL says the NielsenIQ researchers found that key security concerns focus on cyber threats, which is now the number one security fear for 44 percent of Australians, up from 38 percent last year.

ASIAL Chief Executive Officer, Bryan de Caires said that this sends a clear message to Australia’s governments and the Security Industry alike. “The key element in the term ‘Cyber Security’ is the word ‘Security’ and the study identifies fear of being victim to a cyberattack is an issue of growing concern to Australians.”

“As the domains of physical and virtual security converge, it is evident 16

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that more needs to be done to build cyber resilience and ensure that IT personnel are appropriately vetted to handle the sensitive data and information they have access to,” he said.

“Ensuring the probity and skill levels of those providing cyber security advice and support is vital. This has clear policy and regulatory implications for governments and the Security Industry alike,” he said.

Security concerns about sexual assault on women has also increased significantly since last year in the wake of a number of highly-publicised assaults. Fear of robbery and physical assault were also higher.

Researchers were surprised by an increase in terrorism awareness and concerns, especially among younger people, which comes amidst the rapidly deteriorating situation in the Ukraine.

Six percent of Australians feeling unsafe overall (five percent in 2021) Those who identify as of Indian ethnic background are significantly more likely to feel unsafe. This year they are joined by females aged 40-54, those who reside in CBD/cities, those looking for employment or working in hospitality.

Only one in five Australians feel “very safe” in their day-to-day lives, with many being acutely aware of situations and activities that could put them at risk.

The full ASCI 2022 report can be accessed from https://asial.com.au/ ASCI The ASIAL Security 2022 Conference will take place on 1718 August 2022 and will coincide with the 2022 Security Exhibition & Conference at ICC Sydney from 17 to 19 August.

June/July 2022

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Also available in White.

STI-RP-WS-11/CN Ref. 720-052W Available in White, Green, Blue & Yellow.

STI-13000-NC Ref. 720-090 Flush mount, no horn 206mm H x 137mm W x 69mm D

STI-RP-GF-11/CN Ref. 720-051G Available in White, Green, Blue & Yellow.

NEW

STI-RP-RS-02/CI

STI-13B10-NW Ref. 720-092 Surface mount, horn and label optional 206mm H x 137mm W x 103mm D

Ref. 720-058 Cover included.

Flush Mount Available.

• •

STI-1100 Ref. 720-054

•

Flush mount with horn 255mm H x 179mm W x 86mm D

•

• • • • •

STI-6518 Ref. 720-060 Flush mount, no horn 165mm H x 105mm W x 49mm D

STI-13210-NG Ref. 720-093 Surface mount, horn and label optional 206mm H x 137mm W x 103mm D

All STI ‘Stoppers’ are made of tough, UV stabilised polycarbonate. Many can be supplied with or without a 105 dB horn. Other models and sizes available including weather resistant options.

Approved to EN54-11 Current Rating: 3 Amps @ 12-24V DC, 3 Amps @ 125-250V AC Material: Polycarbonate Comes with Clear Cover 2 x SPDT switches Positive activation that mimics the feel of breaking glass.

Visible warning flag confirms activation.

Simple polycarbonate key to reset operating element - no broken glass.

Dimensions: 87mm Length x 87mm Width x 23mm Depth (Flush Mount) & 58mm Depth (Surface Mount)

STI-6255 Ref. 720-042

Mini Theft Stopper discourages inappropriate use of equipment. Sounds a powerful 105 dB warning horn when activated. Tough, ABS construction. Reed switch activation for cabinets and display cases or unique clip activation for freestanding equipment. Does not interfere with use of protected fire fighting equipment.

Compact design 85mm H x 85mm W x 25mm D.

STI-6720 Ref. 720-047

Break Glass Stopper. Keys under plexiglas.

Protects emergency keys from inappropriate use.

Keys remain visible. Fast, easy installation. Simple, inexpensive plexiglas. 3 year guarantee against breakage of the ABS housing within normal use.

NEW

Battery Load Tester Ref. 730-101

Fire Brigade Alarm: (Closed/Open) Ref. 730-231

Anti-Interference Device

ViTECH, strong, lightweight aluminum case, 5, 15 and 30 amp battery load tester for fire and alarm use.

Weight: 500gms, Size: 165mm x 90 x 70mm.

ViTECH branded Type X (730-230) and Type Y (illustrated) models with temperature compensated pressure transducers with digital display showing pressures for defect, fire and pump start.

Ref. 730-400 series ViTECH AID for sprinkler valve monitoring; fits all ball valve sizes.

June/July 2022

Loktronic Limited Unit 7 19 Edwin Street Mt Eden Auckland P O Box 8329 Symonds Street Auckland 1150 New Zealand Ph 64 9 623 3919 Fax 64 9 623 3881 0800 FOR LOK mail@loktronic.co.nz www.loktronic.co.nz

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21620/1/18

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ViTECH products are designed and produced in New Zealand.

Spotlight On Data Centre Security As cyber security threats escalate in complexity and as global privacy regulations expand, businesses are under significant pressure to ensure the protection of data and as importantly, the infrastructure that supports reliable housing and storage of this digital information.

While there is much attention dedicated to securing the network perimeter, of equal importance is a focus on fortification of the physical perimeter of a data centre, given that this is the first line of defense against unauthorised site access. The convergence of information security and physical security in a comprehensive data centre security framework ensures successful mitigation of risk to these critical assets.

Protecting The Outer Perimeter Physical perimeter security aims to Deter, Detect and Delay an unauthorised intruder so that security personnel have sufficient time to Assess and Respond to an attack with appropriate protocols. In a data centre environment, crash-rated or antiscale fencing, strategically installed to physically prevent entry by bad actors serves as an appropriate deterrent and delay mechanism. Even with these barriers in place, fortifying the perimeter against unauthorised access calls for multiple detection technologies, or layering, to provide an additional level of protection against breach. The incorporation of a fence-mounted sensor to detect cut-or-climb attempts, coupled with CCTV cameras for visual assessment capability and tracking of intruder movement, enables security personnel to take immediate, defensive action before an intruder has the opportunity to reach the protected asset.

While any fence detection sensor is designed to alarm on an attempt to scale or penetrate fence fabric, several

performance metrics separate today’s ‘intelligent’ sensors from more traditional technologies.

“In evaluating a fence detection solution for a data centre environment, a system’s ability to discriminate between intrusion attacks and environmental disturbances is of utmost importance,” explains Maira Zanrosso, Director of Sales and Marketing for Arizona-based perimeter security systems producer Southwest Microwave.

High nuisance alarm rates can desensitise system operators, which in turn can increase risk of breach. To address this challenge, Southwest Microwave developed the INTREPID™ MicroPoint™ II fence detection system, an advanced smart sensor currently in use at data centres worldwide that identifies intrusion attempts to within 1m and seamlessly integrates with camera presets to provide precise, immediate assessment of disturbances.

MicroPoint™ II employs a proprietary Sensitivity Leveling™ process that enables the system to optimise detection sensitivity in 1 meter increments or ‘cells’ along the cable by accounting for variations in fence fabric or tension.

This provides data centre clients, typically relying on fences that span extensive perimeters, with uniform detection across the entire protected fence line.

To filter out the environmental disturbances that typically trigger nuisance alarms in traditional fence sensors, MicroPoint™ II has the unique ability to differentiate between ‘Point Impacts’ - legitimate intrusion attempts that affect a small number of cells - and ‘Distributed Disturbances’ - such as strong wind, heavy rain or vibration from vehicles, trains or aircraft - which affect a longer linear distance. Where harsh climatic conditions are an issue, nuisance alarm reduction capabilities become key.

“We recommend that Users verify that any fence sensor they are considering offers advanced calibration capabilities and configuration settings to successfully filter out harmless environmental activity without the need for weather stations or other sensitivity-reduction tools that sacrifice detection performance,” says Zanrosso.

Maximising Detection Probability & Adaptability Just as nuisance alarm prevention must be top of mind, so must be achieving the highest probability of detection, given the significant ramifications of data compromise.

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Zanrosso stresses that it is critical for the User to take the time to consult with their Provider partner to ensure that adequate testing has been done to ensure good compatibility between the fence detection system being considered and the fencing on which it will be deployed.

“Rigid, crash-rated, anti-scale fencing typically deployed in data centre environments handles vibrations differently than a more flexible chain link or welded mesh material.

As such, a sensor will register a climbing intruder attack completely differently,” she says.

The goal is to ensure that the fence detection system being evaluated can successfully identify these attacks, regardless of fence characteristics. This may mean using a different mounting configuration on a rigid fence versus one made of steel mesh.

For data centre clients, Zanrosso also urges that attention be paid to a detection system’s ability to adapt to changes in a site’s perimeter configuration. She recommends choosing an intelligent sensor with modular design, software-based detection zone assignment and seamless integration with a User’s alarm monitoring and control system to simplify system reconfiguration or the addition of new hardware if fencing must be moved or extended to accommodate facility growth.

Protecting Critical Inner Elements Because servers and critical systems are vulnerable to attack from both unauthorized intruders and internal personnel,

“MicroPoint™ II relies on patented technology that discriminates between legitimate fence attacks and distributed disturbances, such as strong wind, heavy rain or vibration from vehicles, trains or aircraft. Our data centre clients are able to avoid nuisance alarms that these environmental conditions would have triggered in other sensors.”

Maira Zanrosso Director of Sales & Marketing

June/July 2022

Zanrosso explains that the concept of layering should also be applied to a data centre’s critical inner elements. Along with 24/7 audited door access control and local and remote surveillance, installing fence detection systems on server room wire mesh panels and colocation cage access doors, walls and flooring adds reinforcement to these vulnerable entry points.

Since data centres are expected to deliver uninterrupted service, access to redundant network, cooling and power systems should also be well-controlled not only with network protection, but with physical safeguards. Zanrosso suggests that Users work with Provider partners to conduct performance trials on proposed sensors to validate that they can successfully filter out the distributed vibrations caused by generators or other systems that can trigger nuisance alarms.

Zanrosso also stresses the importance of selecting a sensor that offers authorized individuals the ability to easily disarm portions of the cable temporarily in system software to accommodate routine building or server maintenance.

Key Implementation Considerations Along with the critical considerations outlined for evaluating Provider partners, Zanrosso reinforces the importance of appointing Systems Integrator partners with proven experience deploying the selected physical security technologies to ensure a seamless implementation. She encourages Users to verify that these partners possess the relevant technical certifications for any perimeter security solutions they are installing in the data centre environment to assure smooth and timely implementation, reduce rework requirements and optimise system performance.

“Successful physical perimeter protection for data centres combines intelligent technologies that address industry security specifications while also considering a User’s unique risk profile and site characteristics,” Zanrosso explains.

“We suggest that Users carefully identify solutions and partners based on their ability to help achieve a fortified physical perimeter that complements and enhances their network perimeter protection strategy, and that best protects against financial and reputational risks.”

For further information about the INTREPID™ MicroPoint™ II fence detection system visit www. southwestmicrowave.com.

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How to choose the right alarm system for your home or business?

Excellent alarm systems should be highly reliable, simple to install and use, and able to provide real-time security alerts – with minimal false positives. Follow our 6 tips for choosing the alarm system that’s right for your home or business.

Any home or business looking to boost their site security is faced with a bewildering array of brands and products. There are literally hundreds, if not thousands, of home alarm systems and business alarm systems to choose from, and comparing, contrasting, and selecting products that meet specific site needs requires an in-depth understanding of product features, integration requirements, and ongoing monitoring and maintenance.

6 factors to consider when buying an alarm system To help homeowners and business owners and managers to select the best alarm systems for their needs, we’ve created this quick “how-to” guide. In it, we include a number of key questions that prospective buyers need answers to before they invest in an alarm system or related equipment, and how Hikvision’s AX PRO wireless alarm system meets these requirements.

1. Is the product range broad and varied enough to meet different needs?

“Hikvision’s AX PRO wireless intrusion alarm system includes a variety and breadth of products to meet different security needs and deployments.”

Every home and business has different security needs based on the size of the site, the access points, perimeter vulnerabilities and the value of the inventory or property.

This means that a host of different alarm system components could be needed – from movement sensors and magnetic door-open sensors, to glass-break sensors, smoke detectors, and many more.

To address this key question, Hikvision’s AX PRO wireless intrusion alarm system includes a variety and breadth of products to meet different security needs and deployments. This includes a compact panel hub for a 20

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wide range of detectors and peripherals, covering intrusion detection, video verification, smoke detection, flood detection, and home automation.

2. Can wireless alarm detectors detect and transmit security events reliably?

Most alarm systems are now deployed wirelessly, which helps to reduce the need for cabling and complex installation processes. But while wireless technologies are very convenient, their effectiveness depends entirely on the reliability and stability of their wireless data transmission capabilities.

For example, to avoid connectivity blackouts, the Hikvision AX PRO intrusion alarm system uses Tri-X and CAM-X Wireless technology, which provides highly reliable, ultra-long-distance data transmission of up to 2,000 meters. Our hub panel also use Dual Radio Frequency Chips and Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) technology to block interference across channels and to ensure that multiple security alerts can be transmitted simultaneously.

3. Does the alarm system verify security incidents to false alarms?

“The best alarm systems overcome false alarms by verifying real security incidents in real time – allowing homeowners or staff to respond faster.”

Homeowners and small businesses frequently waste time and resources following up on false alarms, whether they are caused by moving animals, falling leaves, heavy rain, or other non-threats. The best alarm systems overcome this challenge by verifying real security incidents in real time – allowing homeowners or staff to respond faster.

In the case of the Hikvision AX PRO range, this is achieved with Intrusion Verification as a Service (IVaaS) June/July 2022

technology. This allows homeowners and businesses to view a short, 7-second video clip or up to 20 photos to verify if an alert has been triggered by a real security threat. False alarms are further reduced with smart detection technologies such as “Pet-Immunity”, which ensures that animals won’t set off alarms.

4. Is the alarm system easy to install, configure, and operate?

Homeowners and small businesses need security solutions that are very easy to deploy and use.

However, many solutions are actually quite complex to install and configure, which creates additional workloads and stress.

To make things as easy and convenient as possible, the Hikvision AX PRO intrusion alarm system is designed to be extremely easy to install, use, and maintain. The AX PRO wireless hub and detectors – including PIRCAMs, indoor and outdoor detectors, and other peripherals can be installed using screws or glue (depending on the mounting surface).

In further, the whole system can then be easily configured and managed via the Hik-ProConnect platform, and HikConnect mobile app.

5. Can alarm detectors be integrated easily with other security products as needed?

For some applications, motion detectors or door-open detectors are needed, while other applications require integration with more security products, such as a CCTV camera to guard the perimeter and verify intrusion alarms. The challenge for homeowners and businesses is to choose alarm detectors, cameras, and other components that can be easily integrated across different product ranges.

Hikvision enables this with our Hik-ProConnect platform, which allows installers, homeowners, or businesses to seamlessly integrate CCTV cameras with no complex configuration requirements.

6. Can the alarm system send alerts to professional Alarm Receiving Centres?

For many homeowners and businesses, outsourcing alarm monitoring is an attractive option. However, this requires that alarm systems are fully compatible with the professional software platforms used at Alarm Receiving Centers (ARCs) and other similar facilities.

The Hikvision AX PRO alarm system meets this need based on seamless compatibility with ARCs and professional monitoring services via the Hik-ProConnect platform. This means that homeowners and business owners can entrust security alarm monitoring to trusted third parties and handle emergencies more efficiently.

Find out more We hope that this quick guide to choosing the best alarm system has been helpful for you. If you would like to find out more about any of these key considerations, or to discuss your specific home or business security requirements, please contact us today.

You can also find out more about Hikvision AX PRO intrusion alarm detectors on our website.

June/July 2022

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Who cares about Domestic Violence?

As an industry focussed on the protection of people, security could consider what more it can do to assist organisations and charities who protect the victims of domestic violence, writes Heather Robertson, Development Manager for Attenti’s Social Impact Channel.

David Tombs, Regional Vice President – Australasia, Attenti.

Much is published about the increase in domestic violence, and the reasons – including the impact of COVID isolation.

Analysed by clinical, research and academic organisations, these issues herald not only a rise in the number of incidents, but increasing severity, causes, and the consequential impact on the social services to whom victims and children turn in times of desperation.

In our role in offering justice and agencies the technology to better protect the victims and their children, Attenti is seeing increasing difficulties in two specific areas that sit behind the data, and these deserve highlighting.

But first, let’s review recent statistics: • Shine tells us that every 3.5 minutes New Zealand Police attend a domestic abuse incident, and that in 2019 police investigated 172,727 domestic violence incidents.

• Accelerated violence leading to homicide is equally on the increase with 50% of all homicides related to family violence, and that every 5 ½ weeks a child is killed by a family member in New Zealand.

• Although we know 76% of family violence incidents in New Zealand are not reported, recent research 22

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from Australia applauds the fact that a greater number of incidents are being reported as it shows increased confidence in police and social support.

Based on these, the first area that should be highlighted is the impact on those social agencies who are working with the increasing number of victims, and the severity of violence. Added to the sharp increase is the number of incidents during COVID isolation, an increase which isn’t decreasing as quickly as predicted.

These statistics speak to the quality of care provided by police and social services which has increased victims’ confidence in reporting, but we need to recognise this in itself results on additional strain on their resources and on their people.

The full impact of this was revealed to us recently as we have been working to assist social organisations by funding the provision of our equipment through New Zealand and Australia.

Several have had to ‘put on hold’ our offer of help, which included bilateral proximity measuring equipment and panic alarms, and in recognition of the contribution of alcohol to incidents of domestic violence we included the alcohol monitoring equipment of our global partner AMS. We also included project coordinators to reduce the impact on their staff.

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The offer had been made through our partnership with ANZ Mental Health Association as an outcome of the support we received from a small pilot we ran last year involving volunteers from Queensland Police and Social Services.

Domestic Violence organisations from both countries talked to us about obtaining the equipment, which we would fund for an initial period, and for which we would also provide resources to run an ongoing programme.

But what eventuated caused us to reflect on the real difficulties faced by these organisations and the widening impact of the increase in domestic violence.

Government may be providing additional funding, but there is still a shortfall in terms of the number of experienced people to cope with the problems and needs of the victims.

This is not just a funding issue. Each organisation is dealing with their own staff shortages due to COVID, and when considering domestic violence, we realised that not enough attention is paid to those on the front line – the ones who work with the victims and children.

The second issue worthy of attention is the increased willingness by survivors to report domestic violence, as was substantiated by statistics from Australia.

David Tombs our Regional Vice President observed that “It’s heartening to see the confidence increase in Police and their willingness to record the reports. However there is a twist in this tale, as it reveals a dark and more dangerous aspect of domestic violence, as a survivor who reports can face significant increased risk of violence and even murder.”

The apparent answer to this would seem to lie in the obtaining of a Protection Order, but here statistics show an even darker aspect, as obtaining a Protection Order can increase these dangers. Reports show victims facing an escalation in harassment, surveillance, stalking and intimidation, and when the case studies are read in conjunction with the statistics the full impact of those increased risks is realised.

June/July 2022

This is where Attenti’s equipment provides the protection needed, and it becomes more than just disappointing that the organisations who want the equipment are not able to cope with the added stress of embedding such a programme.

Created in conjunction with the Australian & New Zealand Mental Health Association’s Stop Domestic Violence conference, our programme “Why should Victims be Victimised Twice” was designed to address not only the physical but also the emotional impact of the fear 24 x 7 x 52. This has been expanded into a partnership with the Association to provide an ongoing opportunity for social agencies to access the equipment.

Having been through the process and trauma of obtaining a Protective Order, victims live in continued – and often increased – fear of violence, heighted by the added malice of revenge. While perimeter equipment gives security to them while they stay within the nominated ‘safe zone’, they themselves become imprisoned within the zone knowing that to step out of it exposes them to this very real danger.

Reports show aggressors, the subject of domestic violence protective orders, are still able to conduct horrific violence and continually breach family violence intervention orders unafraid of the likelihood of imprisonment, and in some cases with little repercussion from justice.

But it’s not about repercussion, it’s about protection. Prison is of little value to a victim who has been badly beaten or indeed killed.

The proximity measuring equipment, by dynamically measuring the distance between victim and aggressor, gives kilometres of warning if either come within range, allowing the victim the ability to move about with increased freedom to move about and return to have a relative normal life.

“It’s not enough to protect victims and children from physical harm but leave them in constant fear,” said David. “We need to be concerned about the depth of the emotional impact that has far reaching effects on victims and

their children who live with them in these terrible circumstances, and how it impacts them on an ongoing basis.”

When increased pressure on (i) the victims who were brave enough to report and (ii) the support services supporting them, are paralleled, it is clear additional help is needed. But then to see support services delay accepting help because they’re under such stress, we have to realise that there’s are other problems we need to confront if we care about reducing domestic violence.

The increased Government spend announced late May will hopefully add some relief for social agencies, but those of us who make protection our mission should look at how we can add our weight to this issue.

“As business leaders each of us are under pressure to deliver on shareholder value and EBITDA, but on our worst days we rarely face anything greater than juggling what we feel are limited resources, shrinking margins and competitor impacts,” said David.

“What would our days be like if we continually faced the violence and death of our clients?”

“As we are an industry that prides itself on protecting people, what more can we be doing to care for this sector?

If you have suggestions or help you can offer, reach out to Heather or myself or as part of your Social Enterprise commitment, consider what you can offer directly to these organisations”.

Attenti is a global organisation working in the justice and social sectors. In addition to the electronic monitoring equipment for corrective services, Attenti pioneered the bilateral equipment referred to in this article. With upwards of 20,000 couples on programmes throughout Europe and South America, Attenti equipment and has not only been adopted by justice ministries, but has been gifted by aid organisations to countries seeking to protect victims from domestic violence.

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Budget 2022: More police to target gangs Budget 2022 to deliver an additional 1,800 Police by end of year, funding to grow Police to match population growth, funding to protect businesses from ram raiders, a new Police firearms unit, and 518 additional Corrections staff.

As part of Budget 2022, the Government announced in early May a major package of law and order measures aimed at increasing Police numbers, addressing gang violence, and extending rehabilitation programmes to break the cycle of offending.

The joined-up package was announced by Justice Minister Kris Faafoi, Police Minister Poto Williams and Corrections Minister Kelvin Davis.

“This Budget builds on our investment in record Police numbers, tackling gun crime and violent offenders and reducing reoffending, all of which help to keep New Zealand communities safe,” Police Minister Poto Williams said. $562 million over four years has been earmarked for Police, including increasing the number of frontline Police by an extra 1,800 officers in 2022 and ensuring an ongoing ratio of one Police officer to every 480 New Zealanders.

There will also be an additional $94 million into tackling gangs and organised crime with strong enforcement and approaches involving working with communities to address the social factors that lead to people joining gangs.

“The package includes an extra $164.6 million operating and $20.7 million capital funding over four years to expand the highly successful Tactical Response Model which ensures Police are trained, equipped 24

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and supported to keep themselves and the communities they serve safer,” said Minister Williams.

“Funding of $208 million over four years will establish a new Firearms Business Unit within Police. The Unit will have oversight of implementing the significant and ongoing Arms Act legislative changes which overseas examples tell us are central to reducing gun crime over time.”

“We will be taking action to combat the recent rise in ram raids. Similar to the process that supported the installation of a thousand fog cannons in retail outlets, we will help high risk businesses protect themselves from ram raiders,” she continued.

Funding in the Budget has also been earmarked for an additional 518 FTE Corrections roles over the next four years.

“We will deliver additional staff across the entire corrections network

including the women’s prisons where the resources would help reduce reoffending amongst wāhine,” said Corrections Minister Kelvin Davis.

“With gang numbers continuing to rise in prison, extra staffing would also help address the challenges this posed for prison staff while also providing improved access to rehabilitation programmes.”

Funding will continue for existing Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment (AODT) Courts in Auckland, Waitakere and the Waikato, which provide an alternative to imprisonment for people whose offending is being driven by alcohol and/or drug abuse.

“We are committed to doing things differently by ensuring those who commit serious and violent crime are held accountable, while also providing pathways out of crime for lower risk offenders,” said Justice Minister Kris Faafoi.

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Tecom support and training in New Zealand gets a boost Six months after it took on the Tecom portfolio, distributor Surveillance Technologies delivers enhanced pre- and post-sales support with a new training collaboration with Aritech on the way.

“It was just last November when Aritech, a leading provider of intrusion solutions, announced that New Zealand security technology distributor Surveillance Technologies was to distribute its Tecom range in Aotearoa.”

“Surveillance Technologies have been a focused and successful distributor for over 10 years and we have no doubt that the extension of their portfolio will be a welcome addition for their customers,” stated Phil Brown, General Manager of Aritech in Australia and New Zealand, at the time of the announcement.

“Our focus is to make Tecom more accessible through great customer service and our new e-commerce website which provides live pricing, current stock holding and the ability to order online,” Robert McDowell, Director Surveillance Technologies, recently told NZSM. “One area we wanted to improve was pre- and post-sales support. In order to deliver this we appointed Patrick Tocher to the role of Tecom Product Manager.”

“Surveillance Technologies in conjunction with Aritech is developing

a range of training modules better suited to clients’ needs,” Robert continued. “These make use of online and remote learning technologies as well as tailored training sessions.”

“Tecom has a long history of reliable service in New Zealand. What’s hugely exciting is the ongoing development of the range, allowing a continuous upgrade path by ensuring backwardly compatible solutions.”

Surveillance Technologies distributes Aritech’s Tecom®, TruVision®, wired sensing and IFS™ products.

Designed with you in mind.

With thousands of programmable options, ChallengerPlus has been designed to meet any security and access requirement and can be tailored to your own security policies.

The perfect solution for the security requirements of banks, retail outlets, educational facilities and more.

Proudly distributed by Surveillance Technologies

June/July 2022

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NZSA CEO’s May Report NZSA CEO Gary Morrison talks literacy and numeracy training modules, Fair Pay Agreements, MBIE cobalt lock evaluation; New Zealand Security Awards 2022, and more.

It has been a very busy couple of the months for the association. We completed our annual membership renewal and are very pleased to advise that despite difficult economic conditions, our membership has continued to grow and in fact we have seen a 70 percent increase over the last six years.

Gary Morrison is CEO of the New Zealand Security Association (NZSA). A qualified accountant, Gary was GM of Armourguard Security for New Zealand and Fiji prior to establishing Icon Security Group.

Hopefully this, plus the high proportion of members who have confirmed their renewal via prompt payment, provide evidence of value in membership. We certainly appreciate the support of our members and will continue to strive to deliver services commensurate with member needs and expectations.

Last month we also launched the initial Literacy and Numeracy Modules that we are making available to industry use on a no cost basis. The launch covers the first five modules with the remaining three to be added over coming months.

The modules have been designed to support those who have supervisory or managerial responsibility for security staff and recognise that some 20% to 25% of workers in our industry are impacted to some degree by literacy and numeracy challenges.

The initial modules cover: • Leaders Introduction Module • Effective Communications • Time Management • Health and Safety in the Workplace • Customer Service and Professionalism Those that are currently in development are: • Working Shift Work • Behavioural Awareness and Self

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Awareness • Identifying Learner and Training Needs The modules have been designed so that members can download them onto their own internal LMS (Learning Management System). We do appreciate that some companies do not utilise a LMS and we are currently making alternative arrangements so that they can access via the NZSA platform – we will have an update at a later date.

Fair Pay Agreements The Bill to introduce FPAs (Fair Payment Agreements) has progressed through its first reading and is now in the Select Committee process, with submissions closing on 19 May. It is safe to assume that the legislation will be passed by government however even when Royal Assent is granted, the timelines for the process mean that it is likely that the actual bargaining process for those industry sectors first involved will not commence until late this year or more likely, early next year.

Whilst it is up to unions to initiate the bargaining process, it seems very likely that the security guarding sector will be one of the first to be initiated and that the NZSA will be the nominated party representing/ coordinating employers given our position as the Peak Body representing security providers.

Our HR Advisory Partner, Success Group, have provided a detailed overview of FPA’s later within this newsletter that can be downloaded and the NZSA will ensure that we maintain regular communications and updates for our members, particularly those with staff who will be covered by an FPA. June/July 2022

MBIE Evaluation – BQT Solutions Cobalt Locks In March 2021 MBIE launched an investigation in relation to concerns raised about the Cobalt lock range manufactured by BQT Solutions.

MBIE have advised that based on their evaluation, the complaint will be closed and that they do not consider a ban of the product is warranted at this time. They will however continue to monitor this matter for a period and will update the market with and developments as required.

BQT fully supports this decision to further support MBIE, requests that any customers who have Cobalt locks installed carry out a fail-safe operational test on the lock within

the next 3 months. To do this, they recommend testing the normal locking operation first, then carrying out an emergency door release (EDR) test. If the lock fails this test, or fails to unlock at any stage, customers should contact their distributor or BQT directly on 09 441 7640 for assistance.

New Zealand Security Awards 2022 Save the date! We are pleased to announce that this year’s annual New Zealand Security Awards will be held on Friday 16 September 2022 at the Hilton, one of Auckland’s iconic and premier function venues.

As it is the 50th anniversary of the NZSA we would love to showcase some

security memorabilia at the awards event. If you have anything that might be of interest from 1972 onwards please contact nzsa@security.org.nz.

International Security Officers’ Day 24/7 International Security Officers’ Day, celebrated on 24 July, is an opportunity to say thank you to Security Officers for keeping us safe 24/7. The NZSA are seeking interest in producing a badge for security companies to give to their staff.

We have a minimum order for the production run and will only go ahead if we reach this threshold.

The cost is $100 + GST plus postage for a minimum order of 50 badges. If you are interested please email nzsa@ security.org.nz with the number of badges you would like to order.

Keeping your team up to date Like many organisations we are constantly looking for ways to ensure we can communicate effectively with our members and their teams. The best way to stay up to date on NZSA and industry news is via our newsletter. The more people from each company who receive our newsletter, the higher the chance of updates being communicated within the industry.

With this in mind, we welcome you to send us any company contacts who would like to receive our newsletter and we will add them to our distribution list. Please email any contacts to nzsa@security.org.nz.

NZSA member referral - strength in numbers NZSA’s membership has grown strongly over the past year and each new member not only strengthens the Association and the security community, it also enables us to provide you with more benefits and services and a greater voice for the industry. So help grow your community and strengthen your Association by referring a prospective new member.

To refer a prospective member please email details to gary@security. org.nz. For details on member benefits please see the NZSA website.

June/July 2022

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Government funding to protect shops from ram raids The Government has announced further support to help Police protect small businesses affected by a spike in ram raids, says Minister of Police Poto Williams. $6 million from the Proceeds of Crime Fund will be invested in a crime prevention programme to be managed by Police which will include solutions such as installing bollards or other protection structures.

“We have heard the concerns of the small businesses being targeted by ram raids and other offending,” Poto Williams said.

“While there has been a significant reduction in youth offending over the past decade, there has also been a recent spike in ram raids and related offending which we urgently need to address for these business owners.

“This funding will enable Police to work closely with vulnerable small retailers to identify effective and practical solutions based on the particular features of each location.

“Police will also look at the range of crime and security risks each small retailer may face, and other options such as fog cannons, security alarms, or screens may be considered,” Poto Williams said.

“Alongside the obviously physical damage, ram raids can also have serious personal mental health and wellbeing impacts on business owners, their families, and staff and these measures help prevent that,” Poto Williams said.

Police will establish and manage the programme of funding for small retailer crime prevention, with work beginning in Auckland and expanding if required.

“Money and assets forfeited under the Criminal Proceeds (Recovery) Act 2009 go into the Proceeds of Crime Fund. This is exactly what the fund was designed for, to rectify the significant 28

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harm such criminal activities cause,” Justice Minister Kris Faafoi said.

According to a government media release, this initiative builds on work done by the National Retail Investigation Support Unit set up by Police in November 2021 in partnership with Retail NZ. In Waikato, Operation Pryor has targeted offenders involved in ram raids, and resulted in 150 arrests and 750 charges laid.

Alongside increased Police prevention work, social and justice Ministers, supported by agencies, are undertaking a broader programme focusing on the causes of child and youth offending and how to build on the success of the existing early interventions approach.

“We know that families need wrap around support, and MSD and other agencies will continue to work with the South Auckland Social Wellbeing Board which have established a cross-agency prototype to provide whanau-centred support for the young people who have been directly involved in ram raids,” Minister for Social Development Carmel Sepuloni said.

“So far they have been able to respond to the needs of 19 tamariki and their families which has included re-enrolling them in school and connecting them up with financial assistance for helping them to access appropriate services, and multi-agency wrap around support targeted at each individual,” she said.

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Agile, what the @#$% is Agile?

You’ve heard people talking about it, and it sounds impressive, but you’ve never really understood what it means. To get you up to speed, David Withers APP provides this ‘Agile’ explainer.

You have no doubt heard about this thing called Agile, or even been recommended it.

Just to make it even less clear some exponents come along with words like Kanban CD/ CI without giving context. This article aims to demystify this jargon-filled space, allowing you to better understand what it is, and allow you assess it better.

David Withers APP is a Security Consultant with experience in large CCTV installations. He has also worked for over 20 years in Quality Assurance.

What is it in nutshell?

Agile is a framework with tools and models to help you deliver projects or deliverables. It uses many short time-boxed delivery cycles to deliver distinct parts of solution, slowly building the complete solution. It focuses on collaboration with business stakeholders as part of the team building it. It empowers teams to get on to do what’s needed, resulting in the achievement of happier delivery teams, innovation, and faster value to the organisation.

Agile aims to deliver to the organisation a better product by engaging with them via feedback loops frequently and often, with show-andtell sessions with the delivery team and stakeholders at the end of each cycle. This is where stakeholders see the progress and give feedback to the team.

Where did it come from?

It was developed due to Waterfall, a heavy software development lifecycle model of the 1980s and 1990s. It typically took three years from design to production at the time. In highly complex solutions and spaces, such as space, it could take 20 years – the space shuttle programme in 1980s, for example, used technology from the

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1960s. Many projects where cancelled, and many that where delivered ultimately failed to meet business needs.

In early 2001, there was a critical meeting of seventeen software thought leaders at the US ski resort Snowbird Utah. In the three-day meeting they produced the “Manifesto for Agile Software Development”, this is better known now as the Agile manifesto.

What is the Agile manifesto?

The manifesto details four key values and 12 principles.

The key values are: • Individuals and interactions over processes and tools We prioritise people needs over tools, as happy people are more productive. Tools and processes are required, but onerous slow processes do not help progress.

• Working software (solution) over comprehensive documentation Getting most value to the organisation quickly using adequate documents over massive requirements and slow progress.

• Customer collaboration over contract negotiation The whole team (including the business) working together to get the best results using a light contract over a heavy RFP with fixed output that may not deliver what the business needs.

• Responding to change over following a plan In Agile you plan for each cycle but accept that change happens, and you respond to it.

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then the project stalls. In Agile, you can deliver a working solution to the basic requirements and can then improve it in next cycle. This allows the organisation to understand and improve the solutions they need.

As well as the above values, the manifesto detailed 12 principles that are still used by Agile teams now. These are: 1. Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software.

2. Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customer’s competitive advantage.

3. Deliver working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale.

4. Businesspeople and developers must work together daily throughout the project.

5. Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done.

6. The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation.

7. Working software is the primary measure of progress.

8. Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely.

9. Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility.

10. Simplicity – the art of maximising the amount of work not done – is essential.

11. The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams.

12. At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behaviour accordingly.

Simplicity, collaboration, innovation, and action focus Agile has some critical key benefits.

The process keeps things simple.

Delivering things in smaller achievable chunks and enhancing on them. What is delivered is easier to understand, maintain, and build on.

Collaboration and feedback loops are critical elements of Agile.

This delivers the outputs that the organisation most needs, as the business is baked into the process.

The organisation details what they want, the order it gets done in, and the success criteria. Change is an expected part of process, and if something is not right you use collaboration to solve it.

The delivery team can clarify requirements during delivery cycles to ensure the organisation is getting what it really wants or needs. The whole team, including the business, succeeds or fails as a team, which removes the blame game.

As the mechanics of how to build something are left to the team building it, they can use the best solutions of the day to deliver an innovative solution.

Teams are empowered to make those decisions without needing to get approval from above. Empowered people are happier and hence more productive.

Agile has a focus of doing something over waiting for detailed requirements. We have all been there: no one can make their mind up and

When it does not work If your organisation is highly structured with lots of silos and politics, you will struggle to implement the solution. If decision makers cannot empower the delivery teams, they cannot succeed. If you need to fill in a form to do something, submit it and wait three weeks for approval, you will find Agile processes will be challenged!

If you think Agile is a no documentation process you will also struggle. It is an ‘appropriate documentation’ process. Delivery teams struggle to deliver what the business needs if they don’t know what the success criteria are.

Agile goes wider than software Over time it was realised that Agile could work for any deliverable, not just software. A framework that prioritises simplicity, collaboration, innovation, and actions was applicable of being applied to almost anything.

In current uncertain times, where business agility and resilience may be the only reason you survive, Agile gives you a toolset that can enable rapid organisational change into the rapidly changing digital world.

Conclusion This article cannot cover everything about Agile, and later articles will look more in depth at areas within the Agile framework in order to give a fuller picture of what it is.

The main takeaway is that Agile helps you get what you really need, accepts what you don’t know, and allows you to evolve requirements as you learn more. It is based on the premise that change is expected, and you should respond to it. It also results in people collaborating more between all levels of your organisation. As a result, everyone is on the same page – as we all succeed or fail as one team.

New Zealand OSPAs recognise the security industry’s finest The security industry paused on the evening of 27 May to celebrate the winners and finalists for the first-ever New Zealand Outstanding Security Performance Awards (OSPAs) and, writes the awards organisers, it was a big hit!

The inaugural New Zealand Outstanding Security Performance Awards (OSPAs) event took place at the Aotea Centre in Auckland on Friday 27th May 2022 as part of the ASIS NZ certification dinner.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding In-House Security Manager/Director is: Brent Mirfin – Evotek Technologies.

Security professionals gathered to celebrate the very best from across the sector with dinner and a presentation.

The response to these inaugural awards was overwhelmingly positive and the standard of entries was outstanding.

All those that were selected as finalists and winners demonstrated that they really are the absolute best and should feel extremely proud.

New Zealand OSPAs Award Winners 2022 The complete list of awards winners is: Outstanding In-House Security Manager/Director In-house security managers/directors can operate in different ways, they may work as advisors to the organisation or be a head of a team or department. Whatever the role, this category recognises those who through security expertise, business acumen and/or skilful and innovative leadership approaches, have led the security portfolio with distinction.

Outstanding performers will be leaders and innovators who are setting examples that others will wish to follow.

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Brent has led Evotek Technologies for over 30 years – he has developed a customer centric service business that is focused on delivering tangible commercial benefits to its customers via the integration of high-end technology products with core customer systems.

Brent’s commitment to excellence and to supporting his people and workplace safety has been unwavering.

His focus on the training and development of employees has resulted in a business with exceptionally low employee turnover, and industry leading technical qualifications and skills.

Outstanding Contract Security Manager/Director Contract security managers/directors can operate in different ways, they may

work as advisors to a client organisation or be the head of a team or department on behalf of a client. Whatever the role, this category recognises those who through security expertise, business acumen and/or skilful and innovative leadership approaches, have led the security portfolio with distinction for both their company and their client organisation. Outstanding performers will be leaders and innovators who are setting examples that others will wish to follow.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Contract Security Manager/Director is: Pete Mason – Optic Security Group.

Pete Mason is Optic Security Group’s New Zealand Operations Director. He is an inspirational technical delivery leader, team focused and committed to delivering exceptional service on a 24/7 basis. He lives by his personal motto “solutions not problems”.

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As Operations Director, Pete leads project delivery teams and large-scale projects across the length and breadth of Aotearoa New Zealand, including the national Managed Isolation and Quarantine (MIQ) electronic security enhancement project for the Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE).

Outstanding Contract Security Company (Guarding) This OSPA recognises those who are outstanding suppliers of manned security guarding. In the modern world the provision of manned guarding services has become a much more skilled task.

Motivating staff, managing resources in an increasingly competitive and price sensitive environment, up-skilling, recognising the distinct importance of front line leadership, making the most of technologies, forging internal and external partnerships and making them work are just some of the trends that are leading to new approaches and thinking about manned guarding. The object of this category is to recognise the outstanding performers in making a positive difference.

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The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Contract Security Company (Guarding) is: FIRST Security Guard Services.

FIRST Security directly employs 2,200 security personnel across 28 branch offices, 220 patrol vehicles, and hundreds of client sites throughout Aotearoa New Zealand. FIRST Security is a values-driven organisation which has striven to exhibit the highest levels of leadership in the safety, security and care of employees and the communities they serve during the COVID-19 pandemic.

FIRST were appointed as the national provider to the Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE) of security guarding to New Zealand’s 32 Managed Isolation and Quarantine (MIQ).

Outstanding Security Consultant This OSPA recognises the security consultant – individual, team or company – demonstrating outstanding performance in any aspect of security consulting. Consultants often play a key role in security in offering expertise and insight which can transform the quality of service, product or

system that is offered. It recognises the existence of distinct skill sets and crucially the ways these are harnessed and managed to make a difference to security strategy and/or practice.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Security Consultant is: Lincoln Potter.

A security consultant who transitioned into security training and facilitation before undertaking full time studies in the security sciences.

He achieved the highest undergraduate security qualification in the NZ security industry (NZQA L6) and the ASIS International Physical Security Professional (PSP) Board Certification.

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Master of Ceremonies Bruce Couper gets the event underway.

A Security professional for 30 years, having been the Chapter Vice Chair and previously treasurer for ASIS NZ. Awarded the NZSA Security Consultant of the year award in 2016 and an ASIS International Meritorious Service Award 2018, in recognition of his work to foster the spirit of goodwill and professionalism within ASIS International.

Outstanding New Security Product Sponsored by Optic Security Group, this OSPA recognises an outstanding new product that has been designed and implemented to improve any area of security practice, and has been introduced to the security market in the last 12 months. The key point about new products is that they have a marked effect on improving security performance; that is that they add value and have clearly identified benefits.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding New Security Product is: My Vaccine Pass – Gallagher.

Gallagher is supporting customers to keep pace with the ever-changing COVID-19 regulations in New Zealand through their My Vaccine June/July 2022

Pass integration, which enables access control customers to link a user’s My Vaccine Pass status and expiry to their access credential – improving site security, by only allowing fully vaccinated people access.

Judges felt this product was a ‘game changer for the government’s nationwide response to managing COVID-19.

Outstanding Security Partnership This OSPA recognises a successful security partnership that delivers outstanding performance.

‘Partnerships’ is an over-used word in security. Frequently partnerships are identified as crucial to good security but often may involve little more than collaboration, a very different thing.

What is known is that effective partnerships are most often the result of good planning around identifiable objectives designed to deliver specific benefits, and are typically characterised by good management/coordination.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Security Partnership is: Evotek Technologies and Visual Networks.

The partnership between Evotek Technologies and Visual Networks brings together two industry leaders who combine their complimentary skills to design, install, commission and provide on-going support of bespoke, high quality, high value technology integrations that work as per the design brief and operate efficiently on the customers own networks without impacting any core customer services.

Judges felt that there was clear evidence of a longstanding partnership which had district benefits for customers.

Outstanding Security Officer This OSPA recognises the security officer (up to supervisor level) demonstrating the most outstanding performance. It will be awarded to a security officer who is highly committed to security work, showing enthusiasm, initiative and displaying security competence in different areas including in the development of stakeholder relationships. The officer will have had a beneficial impact on the workplace positively influencing operations and having been recognised for achieving outstanding service.

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The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Security Officer is: Sione Tusini-Rex – Platform 4 Group.

In 1997 Sione Tusini-Rex was employed as a security guard at Westfield Manukau City. He rose to where he is currently Supervisor of the same site. He has chosen to remain at Manukau as he is an integral part of the wider Polynesian community.

Sione brings family, spiritual, and cultural values to the workplace. These values have propelled him to senior medic, first response coordinator, incident supervisor and health and safety coordinator. Sione has achieved the challenge of integrating a shopping center into a peaceful family and cultural center for the wider Polynesian community in South Auckland. Judges felt he was a stand-out performer in a difficult role.

Outstanding Female Security Professional This OSPA recognises a female security professional, at any level of an organisation, who has consistently shown outstanding performance over an extended period of time and has had a substantial impact upon defining and driving standards in the security sector.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Female Security Professional is: Trish Thompson – Gallagher.

Over the past decade, Trish has been a driving force behind several of Gallagher’s major product innovations.

Trish’s commitment and enthusiasm for her work is praised by her colleagues.

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Her passion, combined with her security knowledge and ability to clearly articulate her views, drives her influence as a thought leader. Her knowledge and skills are well regarded within Gallagher, where her influence sees her actively helping to shape the future direction of the security business.

Outstanding Young Security Professional This OSPA recognises a young security professional – that is anyone below the age of forty (there is no restriction on the number of years spent in security) – who has excelled in his/her early career performance.

This OSPA will be awarded to someone who has made an impact in the area of private security, for example as a analyst/researcher, working for a security supplier and/ or corporate security (rather than police/military). This could be in any area of security activity, as a student, in the workplace or a combination, but it will be someone who has made a difference and is laying the basis for an outstanding career in security.

The winner of the OSPA for Outstanding Young Security Professional is: Stella Donachie – Red Badge Group.

Stella joined Red Badge in January 2019 as part of their Graduate programme. Stella was brought in as an intern to support the event security team through the busy summer months. In the 3 years since Stella took on the intern role, she has shown her level of maturity through operational growth and ability.

Red Badge management saw the potential in Stella and toward the end of her internship she was offered a permanent role as Operations Coordinator in the Events and Venues Security team. Excelling in this role and pre pandemic shut down of events Stella was promoted into the Operations Management role within their Events and Venues Security Team.

It recognises an individual who has consistently shown outstanding performance over an extended period of time and has had a substantial impact upon defining and driving standards in the security sector.

The winner of the OSPA for Lifetime Achievement is: Nicholas Dynon.

Nicholas is an international security professional. He is Chief Editor of Defsec Media’s New Zealand Security Magazine, Line of Defence Magazine and Fire NZ Magazine, and a licensed security consultant. With a 14-year government career in immigration and border security, Nicholas has served as a diplomat and a military officer. He has also held senior communications and engagement positions in the border and private security sectors.

Nicholas galvanises academia, central and local Government and industry.

Judges felt Nicholas had been the catalyst for major positive change within the industry, had outstanding leadership and had made a significant contribution to the industry over many years.

The event organisers would like to thank all those who have helped to make the first ever New Zealand OSPAs event such a success including: all the supporting associations and judges; sponsors – TEAM Software (headline sponsor) and Optic Security Group (category sponsor) and media partners – New Zealand Security Magazine (NZSM) and International Security Journal.

Lifetime Achievement This OSPA recognises a senior member of the security community.

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Blunt Force: The Underreported Threat of the Security Professional Robert Kaiser, CEO and Founder of PPSS Group, writes that injuries resulting from blunt force trauma tend to be underreported by security professionals, and most PPE fails to provide adequate defence.

Robert Kaiser is the CEO and Founder of PPSS Group, a UK headquartered company specialising in design, production, and supply of high-performance body armour.

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What is ‘blunt force’, and what type of injuries result from blunt force impact?

Severe injuries and deaths resulting from blunt force trauma are some of the most common cases encountered by forensic pathologists. For instance, almost all transportation fatalities, including those involving road traffic collisions and pedestrians being hit by vehicles result from blunt force trauma.

Blunt force trauma is also the consequence faced by homeland and private security professionals after being hit by a solid object, such as a fist, foot, knee, elbow, iron bar, extendable baton, baseball bat, crowbar, brick, bottle, can, chair, fire extinguisher, to name but a few, or indeed after being pushed hard against another solid object, e.g. door, wall, floor or car or down a flight of stairs, etc.

As shootings and stabbings seem to make for more dramatic headlines in the mainstream media, it’s something that remains widely underreported.

When asking a couple of law firms how they would define ‘blunt force trauma injuries’ they responded with the following answers: “A severe traumatic episode caused to the body (or head) with the sudden introduction of a blunt instrument used with great force.”

“Blunt force trauma is when the body is hit with an object that is blunt, or not sharp, with enough force to cause significant damage”.

According to Wikipedia, blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) comprises 75 percent of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury.

The severity of this type of injury is mostly determined by the speed, velocity, size, and weight of the object, and can range in severity from a tiny bruise to internal haemorrhages, bone fractures, cardiac tamponade, airway obstructions/rupture, and in the worstcase scenario result in ruptured organs, rapid internal bleeding and ultimately death.

I do believe most security professionals will be aware of the potential severity of injuries resulting from blunt force. But I don’t believe many will chose to document and report every incident of this nature. “Too much admin”, some may say, and “it’s part of the job”, others will state.

Many security professionals have a reasonable understanding of the most realistic risks and threats they face and, accordingly, they are thus issued with – or purchase their own – body armour.

However, it is worth noting that any type of flexible body armour made from either an aramid fibre (i.e. Kevlar®) or a polyethylene (i.e. Dyneema®), including the latest high performance body armour produced by top secret manufacturers at top secret locations for top secret agencies, do not offer anywhere near enough protection from this specific operational risk.

On a domestic level (meaning homeland or private security, rather than military) the risk of being punched, beaten, kicked, or faced by someone throwing stuff at you is hundred times higher than being stabbed or shot.

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armour issued to domestic homeland security professionals offers insufficient protection from this risk.

Again, in the context of a good body armour, the key objective must be to offer sufficient levels of protection from the most realistic threats and risks you face whilst on duty.

I urge you to make a conscious decision when investing in this type of PPE. Simply ask yourself the question, what is the most important criteria for YOU? The concealability, the weight, the thickness, or the level of protection from the risks and threats you have identified?

If the concealability of body armour is key for you (i.e. covert operations and surveillance) then you may well need to look for the thinnest body armour, and the ‘blunt force trauma’ protection may have to become of secondary importance.

However, please understand that in general the most likely risk you face on a daily basis is also the one you should seek protection from, and as I have stated earlier in this article, the probability of you getting punched, hit, kicked or pushed around or having someone throwing stuff at you is far greater than the probability of being stabbed or shot.

To achieve the maximum level of protection from blunt force trauma injuries a body armour would have to be of a rigid structure, rather than a soft/ flexible structure. Two diverse protective devices which highlight in a brilliantly understandable way the importance and the effectiveness of such protection are: June/July 2022

1. Motorbike Helmets: Never mind the fact that wearing a helmet is law when riding a motorbike. Wearing a helmet during a motorcycle crash significantly reduces the risk of damage to one’s skull, traumatic brain injury, and even death, countless studies have shown. We all know motorbike helmets are of a rigid/solid structure. They would not offer the blunt force protection and perform to the level it is required if the structure was soft or flexible.

2. Riot Shields: A riot shield is a lightweight protection device, typically deployed and used by police in almost every country during riots, protests and mass disturbances.

They are typically constructed from a rigid material to offer maximum levels of protection from attacks with blunt weapons and thrown projectiles. The officers’ lives depend on the performance of this piece of equipment.

The most in-depth research study on ‘blunt force trauma injuries’ or in more tactical terms ‘backface signature injuries’ sustained while wearing such body armour was produced by Marianne Wilhelm in 2008 and is titled “Injuries to law enforcement officers: The backface signature injury”. It really is worth a read.

This great piece raises important questions regarding the protection afforded to officers wearing personal body armour, along with the current test methods used to assess the true

performance of the equipment. Some test results revealed deformations exceeding the NIJ Standard’s backface signature limit. Such increased deformation can lead to serious injuries, including blunt force trauma or backface signature injuries, which have occurred in the field over and over again.

Although your body armour might be successful in containing the round fired by a weapon or the knife thrusted at you by a hostile individual, it might not protect you from the impacting energy during other types of assaults, unless it is offering you officially certified protection from this specific risk.

The most respected standard for body armour in relation to blunt force trauma protection is Germany’s VPAM (Vereinigung der Prüfstellen für Angriffshemmende Materialien und Konstruktionen) Standard, titled: “Testing of Impact Resistance against Throwing and/or Striking Objects” and its rating will be W1 (lowest) – W9 (highest).

It is also worth pointing out that our Technical Director Colin Mackinnon, a man who served 26+ years with the UK’s Police Forces, delivered an online presentation to a large audience of security professionals recently.

Following his presentation, he asked a question: “Does your armour protect against knife, spike, needle, and blunt force trauma?”

Out of those questioned, 55 percent did not know what protection their vests provided.

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Singapore invests in integrating security guarding and technology In 2018, the Singaporean government decided that its security industry needed to transform. While funding, skills development and new regulation were needed, it identified changing security buyers’ behaviour for the better as the key challenge.

Even before the labour market challenges posed by COVID-19, Singapore’s security personnel sector was struggling to meet demand.

Security manpower grew at a rate of five percent per annum in the five years to 2018 – about double the growth rate of total employment in Singapore.

With many of the country’s 47,000 active security officers already working long hours, the heightened security threat from terrorism and a boom in new buildings and facilities would see demand for services far outstrip supply.

Faced with increasing demand for security services and a slowing pace of workforce growth, Singapore’s government launched an ambitious $10 million (over three years) plan to support initiatives to transform the industry, increase productivity and make job requirements less manpowerintensive.

Led by the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Security Industry Transformation Map (ITM) constituted a collective effort by industry associations, companies, unions, service buyers, security agencies and Government agencies to develop a vibrant, technologically advanced and competitive security industry delivering better security outcomes for Singapore.

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Changing security buyers’ behaviour In her 13 February 2018 speech to launch the Security ITM, Second Minister for Home Affairs and Second Minister for Manpower Josephine Teo set out the challenges that the ITM sought to address – and it makes for interesting reading: The first set of challenges have to do with buyers’ behaviours. Many buyers of security services still do not have the practice of conducting risk assessments before they call for tender.

Typically, they use the same tender specifications that have been in place for years – kind of like the idea that if it isn’t broken, why fix it. Most often, they ask for the same number of guards as in the previous contract, not knowing whether it is optimal.

They also tend to select vendors on cost only, rather than assess value, because if the contract spells out, you need X number of people, then, there is really nothing very much else to evaluate. How much does that number of people cost to us?

So this is the consequence of how the contracts are specified. Not because the buyers are not keen to do anything else, they just took over what was given to

them. There is low awareness of new technologies and innovative solutions that can provide them with the same or even better security outcomes.

But even if they were prepared to invest in technology, there may not be follow-through to redesign jobs, or as quite a few of the security providers have told us, they may not equip staff for effective implementation to use the equipment properly or to optimise its value.

As a result, from the service providers’ perspective, there’s little incentive to differentiate their services, because the buyers are not asking for it.

Several other industry practices also have unhelpful consequences. For example, contract durations tend to be short. That is to keep security service providers on its toes. This means that service providers have not much time to recoup investments, even if they are willing to bear the upfront costs.

On a day-to-day basis, liquidated damages for a range of service lapses can be quite punitive. The relationship with buyers is quite transactional, with little room for building trust, on something as important as securing the premises.

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provided by the security agencies. The customer calls the shots.”

Thus, the Security ITM aimed to actively promote best sourcing via funding schemes and outreach efforts, including helping buyers to become ‘smarter’ by understanding ‘value-for-money’ (including by getting a more thorough understanding of their security needs through a risk assessment), and supporting buyers to adopt best sourcing practices through outcome-based security contracts.

Regulations to Improve Standards As part of the Security ITM, the grading criteria for security providers would be revised to focus on security outcomes and technology adoption, enabling better differentiation of providers that invest in training and technology, and that deliver high quality services.

The answer: a range of initiatives aimed at shifting buyer behaviours, including the adoption by government agencies of outcome-based contracts (OBC), government funding support for private sector OBC adoption, education and awareness programs, and the publication of a Guide of OutcomeBased Security Contracts and a Step

by Step Guidebook for Service Buyers (including a section for security buyers).

From a Headcount-based Model to Integrated Security Solutions The Security ITM identified four strategies to transform the industry from being manpower-reliant to being capable of leveraging new technology and skills, including: 1. Supporting technology and innovation; 2. Promoting ‘best sourcing’ of services, with Government taking the lead; 3. Aligning regulations with ITM objectives to improve standards; and (iv) improving skills to enable career progression.

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4. Supporting Technology and Innovation Supporting technology and innovation The Security ITM sought to support technology and innovation in the industry via several initiatives, including the development of a Security Industry Digital Plan (IDP) for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The IDP would promote broad-based adoption of market-ready solutions (such as advanced CCTV analytics) and provide step-by-step advice to SMEs on the digital solutions required at each stage of their growth.

Promoting Best Sourcing “While promoting technology adoption and improving innovation capacity on the supply side, it is equally important to bring about change on the demand side,” stated Minister Teo at the ITM launch. “It is the buyers who determine what is in demand. They shape the kind of security services and outcomes

Improving Skills and Career Progression To improve the quality of jobs in the security industry, a Skills Framework for Security coincided with the launch of the Security ITM. This framework sought to provide key information on the sector and career progression pathways, and also outlines the existing and emerging skills and competencies for the job roles.

A key feature of the framework was a new career pathway in security consultancy. “Expertise in security consultancy is a key enabler to transform the industry,” said Minister Teo. “The security consultant carries out risk assessments to identify what needs to be protected – based on the threats, vulnerabilities and risks to a facility – as well as how to best to provide this protection. In other words, they help ensure the solution put in place is effective and best meets the buyer’s needs.”

Three years on, how has the Security ITM assisted in the transformation of Singapore’s security industry? In articles in this issue of NZSM, we feature insights into (i) new legislation protecting Singapore’s security guards from abuse, and (ii) Singapore’s new security consultant accreditation scheme.

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Singapore passes new laws to protect private security officers from abuse In the wake of increasing violence against security officers, writes Nicholas Dynon, Singapore’s parliament has passed new laws that set out new offences and penalties for those who harass, abuse or harm officers carrying out their duties.

The amendments to Singapore’s Private Security Industry Act (PSIA), which were passed by Parliament on 5 October 2021 (and took effect on 01 May), provide a new set of teeth to legislation that regulates – and now protects – the private security industry.

In particular, the changes see the introduction of enhanced penalties for offences by persons who (i) intentionally cause harassment, alarm or distress to; (ii) assault or use criminal force on; and (iii) voluntarily cause hurt to security officers.

The new penalties range from up to $5,000 fine and/or imprisonment up to 12 months for ‘intentionally causing harassment, alarm or distress’ to up to $10,000 fine and/or imprisonment up to five years for ‘voluntarily causing hurt’. Under the new legislation, harming a security officer in the course of their duties now carries the risk of harsher penalties than harming a member of the public: A climate for change In his second reading of the Private Security Industry (Amendment) Bill speech, Minister for Home Affairs Desmond Tan, Minister of State,

Nicholas Dynon is chief editor of NZSM, and a widely published commentator on New Zealand’s defence, national security and private security sectors.

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June/July 2022

Offences

Current penalties in existing laws to protect members of public

New penalties in PSIA to protect security officers

Intentionally causing harassment, alarm or distress

Protection from Harassment Act: Up to $5,000 fine and/or imprisonment of up to six months

Up to $5,000 fine and/or imprisonment up to 12 months

Assaulting or using criminal force

Penal Code: Up to $1,500 fine and/or imprisonment of up to three months

Up to $7,500 fine and/or imprisonment up to two years

Voluntarily causing hurt

Penal Code: Up to $5,000 fine and/or imprisonment of up to three years

Up to $10,000 fine and/or imprisonment up to five years

circumstances of each case, the action taken against offenders ranged from stern warnings to court prosecutions.

“Some cases are particularly egregious,” he continued. “In 2019, a security officer at Roxy Square was verbally abused and punched by a man; a video that captured the incident was circulated widely. Last year, a woman deliberately sneezed at a security officer at Ion Orchard, after she was denied entry for not wearing a mask.”

“Our security officers play an important role in keeping us safe and our premises secured,” said Mr Tan. “They deserve not just protection from harassment, alarm or distress. They deserve our respect. We can all start by acknowledging our security officers, by their names today, when we see them in our residences or our workplaces, and thanking them for doing what they do.”

Ministry of Home Affairs noted the important role played by security officers in the security of his country.

“Security officers are vital partners of the Home Team. They play important roles in safeguarding Singapore’s safety and security,” he stated. However, due to the publicfacing nature of their work, security officers face a significant risk of confrontation with people when carrying out their duties.

“While the large majority of the public are co-operative, there have been cases of persons confronting security officers carrying out their duties, with some going further to verbally or even physically abuse them.”

According to Mr Tan, from 2018 to 2020 (inclusive), there was an average of around 150 reported cases of abuse against security officers annually. A survey of security officers conducted by the Union of Security Employees and the Singapore University of Social Sciences in 2020 found that four in ten security officers experienced some form of abuse while on duty.

The survey of 1,002 security officers found that respondents reported that abuse had become increasingly common. The Covid-19 pandemic and officers’ role in asking visitors to premises to comply with physical distancing and hygiene measures was identified as a key driver of increased tensions.

37.2 percent of respondents indicated that they were verbally abused, and 4.8 percent said they were both verbally and physically abused. Depending on the facts and June/July 2022

Enhanced Protection Despite the additional risks faced by security staff, there were no additional protection provisions for them in addition to those in existing laws that provide protection for all victims of harassment and abuse, such as in Singapore’s Protection from Harassment Act and Penal Code.

“The scope of the PSIA was therefore broadened to provide targeted enhanced protection for security officers performing security functions stipulated under the PSIA, to send a clear, deterrent signal against abuse and harassment of security officers,” said the minister.

“The Ministry of Home Affairs,” he said, “takes a serious view of harassment and abuse of security officers.”

In addition to providing enhanced protection for security officers against abuse and harassment while on duty, the new legislation also covers circumstances where the officer is abused while off duty, but where the abuse is in relation to the execution of the officer’s duties.

Other initiatives In addition to the legislation, Singapore’s government has been progressing several initiatives to help raise industry standards, improve wages and improve the work conditions and environment for security officers.

According to Mr Tan, Singapore’s Progressive Wage Model (PWM) has improved wages for about 40,000 security officers. “Real median monthly gross wages for security officers grew cumulatively by 36 percent from 2014 to 2019, outstripping the 21 percent growth for workers in general.”

The PWM came into effect in September 2016, and is a licensing requirement for all security companies.

It prescribes minimum wage levels for various ranks of security officers from entry level to senior security supervisors.

The Ministry of Home Affairs has also strongly encouraged industry to make use of technology, including body worn camera, to facilitate better onsite management or investigation into allegations of security officer abuse.

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International cyber threats from a New Zealand perspective From SolarWinds to the Waikato District Health Board ransom attack, National Cyber Security Centre Director Lisa Fong argues that cybersecurity is a strategic and operational problem, rather than one to be solved within IT departments.

As part of international Anzac Day commemorations for 2022, NCSC Director Lisa Fong delivered the Royal United Services Institute’s (RUSI) annual Gallipoli Memorial Lecture.

Lisa Fong is Director of the GCSB’s National Cyber Security Centre.

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In addition to acknowledging the service of women during World War I, as well as the women who served as code-breakers, computer operators and analysts at Bletchley Park during World War II, Lisa provided insights into the international cyber threat environment from a New Zealand perspective, and reflected on the ongoing importance of international partnerships for collective defence.

The following is an excerpt from Lisa’s speech focusing on her thoughts on the Cyber threatscape: Over the past few years we have observed significant changes in the malicious cyber activity New Zealand experiences. Changes in tactics, techniques and procedures take advantage of rapidly evolving technology and its global use. We have also seen a shift in the strategic priorities of state sponsored actors and pursuit of new revenue streams by sophisticated criminally motivated actors.

Staying abreast of these changes and adjusting the national defensive posture is a significant undertaking for any nation. Being part of a wider

international network, with shared interests and values, is fundamental to New Zealand’s resilience as a small nation. The changes we have observed in New Zealand reflect global trends and partner reporting.

We are seeing an increase in the speed and scale of the mass exploitation of recently disclosed vulnerabilities.

These are existing security flaws in a device, system or software. Malicious actors quickly take advantage of newly discovered vulnerabilities, scanning for and targeting every device and organization potentially vulnerable to exploitation. They do this to establish a foothold into networks then selectively pick their targets for further compromise.

A recent example was the targeting of Microsoft Exchange vulnerabilities, which affected organisations with onpremise Microsoft exchange servers.

The New Zealand Government publicly attributed this compromise with international partners to Chinese state sponsored actors.

There has been a change in approach to supply chains. Malicious actors continue to compromise suppliers to access their intended targets. They are shifting, however, to more strategic access through critical global providers.

In some instances this involves tampering with products prior to market release. A recent example was the SolarWinds Orion exploitation, June/July 2022

which involved the compromise of a legitimate software update prior to its distribution by the software provider.

This had widespread international impact and was publicly attributed by the New Zealand Government and international partners to Russia.

As the regular economy increases its reliance on outsourcing to bring in specialized skills and services, so too do criminal actors. We are seeing greater use of “malware as a service” that reduces technical barriers to entry.

These enable more complex campaigns with highly disruptive impact to be carried out by malicious actors at a much lower technical base, assisted by alternate currencies.

There has been a pronounced trend in the blurring of lines between state sponsored and criminally motivated actors. We observe criminal actors using capabilities that a few years ago were in the hands of sophisticated state actors. Some criminal groups appear to operate without sanction from “safe havens” in their resident countries.

Conversely, while in 2018 NOTPETYA masqueraded as a criminal ransomware campaign, its intended purpose to damage and disrupt Ukrainian systems. Its primary targets were Ukrainian financial, energy and government sectors, but its indiscriminate design cause it to spread around the world affecting many more industries. The New Zealand June/July 2022

government joined partner countries and others attributing this activity to the Russian Government.

An illustration of some of these challenges is a recent ransomware compromise in the New Zealand health system. Ransomware involves the deployment of malicious software to encrypt a system or data to make it unavailable for use. In exchange for payment, the actor promises to provide the key that will decrypt and restore the data or system. I am able to speak about this incident because it is already in the public domain, as is the NCSC’s involvement.

In the early hours one morning in May last year, one of New Zealand’s largest public health regions, known as the Waikato District Health Board, identified a large number of their servers had been encrypted.

Determining they had been ransomed, the District Health Board shut down their systems, including those for all five hospitals they operate, and disconnected themselves from other local and national health services to limit the malicious actor’s reach. The district health board continued to access email in the cloud.

NCSC incident responders describe an eerie experience when they arrived onsite that first day. While there was a hive of activity, all computer screens were black, with hand written “do not touch” signs. Medical professionals had reverted to using a small handful of

still-working laptops, but mainly pen and paper. The first week or so involved a 24 hour continuous response effort with staff working across 3 different shifts.

This incident featured some of the changes we have seen in ransom incidents. Volume based campaigns are giving way to targeted efforts against organisations perceived as susceptible to extortion because of their profile, critical services or sensitive data.

Malicious actors put effort into understanding what will pressure victims to pay ransom demands. In the Waikato incident, the malicious actor exfiltrated private health information before encrypting systems. They made this available to media outlets, with some choosing to read and publish the content.

The Waikato incident had significant national impact on health services for months, at the same time as we also faced the global pandemic.

It offered painful insight into why cyber security is foremost a strategic and operational problem, rather than one to be solved within IT departments. It is an experience shared by nations around the world who have had similar damaging incidents in their health systems and economies.

This is just what is public of course.

Not all cyber intrusions are visibly destructive. The hardest to detect and disrupt can be the most damaging to national interests.

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Singapore’s security consultants now industry regulated Singapore’s Ministry for Home Affairs hands regulation of security consultants over to industry-led bodies, acknowledging that private sector associations better placed to set professional standards.

In addition to creating new offences and penalties for those who harass, abuse or harm security officers carrying out their duties, recent amendments to Singapore’s Private Security Industry Act (PSIA) include a move to industry-led regulation of security consultants.

Specifically, the changes include the removal of persons who provide security consultancy services (only) from regulation under the PSIA. Enacted in 2007, the PSIA provides for the regulation of the private security industry, which includes private investigators, private investigation agencies, security officers, security agencies, and security service providers (SSPs). ‘Security consultants’ fell under the definition of SSPs,

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including persons who provide risk assessment for facilities, as well as security advice in relation to security measures and their deployment to mitigate identified risks.

The law change comes two years after the January 2020 launch of the industry-led Security Consultants Accreditation Programme (SCAP) by the Association of Certified Security Agencies (ACSA) and Security Association Singapore (SAS).

The aim of the SCAP is to grow a pool of competent security consultants while ensuring that security consultants have a minimum level of skills and competency.

With the removal of licensing requirements, security consultants are being strongly encouraged to be accredited under the SCAP. Accredited security consultants will be required to undertake Continuous Professional

Development under the SCAP and renew their accreditation status annually to ensure the currency of their expertise.

According to Singapore’s Home Affairs Minister Desmond Tan, “ACSA and SAS, being attuned to industry trends and needs, will be well poised to oversee the accreditation process via the SCAP.” Safeguards are in place to ensure that the credibility of security consultants is maintained, including a disciplinary process for infractions committed by accredited security consultants under the SCAP’s code of ethics.

Supporting these changes, a Specialist Diploma in Security Consultancy programme was launched in April 2019 by Singapore’s Temasek Polytechnic’s to develop a pool of competent security consultants. The programme provides a formal training pathway for security consultants.

The Singapore Police Force (SPF) Centre for Protective Security guides the SCAP Board in administering admission assessments to ensure that accredited consultants have sufficient level of experience and competency in security consultancy work.

“MHA and SPF will continue to work closely with the security associations to maintain oversight of standards in the security consultancy industry,” said Mr Tan. June/July 2022

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