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No.237

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CT 23 LEGA L W EXPRES ORDS & SIONS! INTERVIE A CONTRA

THE TERMS A C L AU SE

DAMAGES

LIABLE TO EXPIRE

W H O R RO R S T O R I ES !

PLANE STO R A I R P L A N E F I ES UN GRAMM MAKE VER AR: SUS DO J . M . BA R R I THE MAN W E H O COULDN’T GROW UP ISSN

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PLUS… phrasal verbs, grammar, idioms, vocabulary, useful expressions… and much, much more.

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EDITOR’S INTRO

Magazine Index

How you learn English with Hot English magazine

Pre-Intermediate (CEF level: A2)

Why are you learning English? To get a better job, to pass an official English exam, to travel, or just to communicate in English? Hot English magazine helps with all this.

1

Increase your vocabulary. In every issue of Hot English you’ll learn over 350 English words and expressions! Plus you’ll learn lots of idioms, phrasal verbs, grammar and more.

2

Improve your listening. Every magazine has 60 minutes of spoken English audio. You’ll learn to understand English, plus you can hear lots of different accents!

3

Exam English. Hot English helps prepare you for official English exams (First Certificate, IELTS, TOEFL, etc.). How? Exams test your ability to speak and your range of vocabulary. Hot English improves your communication skills and your knowledge of words and expressions.

4

Business English. Practical English for the office, for meetings, for talking to clients – it’s all in Hot English.

Plus, read business tips from entrepreneurs.

5

6

7

Travel English. Want to travel to English-speaking countries? With Hot English you’ll learn the words and expressions you need for international travel!

Social English. How do native English speakers really talk? Learn with our natural English conversations. Also, learn English slang. Plus, in Hot English you’ll read about current events (news, culture, music, films) so you can make conversation with native English speakers.

Want to learn even more? Get an English Unlocked book. You’ll learn extra vocabulary, grammar, social English and business English. The English Unlocked books are linked to the topics in Hot English magazine. Visit our website for more details.

Hi, and welcome to another issue of Learn Hot English – the fun magazine for learning English. In this month’s issue, we’re looking at 23 really useful legal words and expressions. Knowing about the basics of law is important for any job. But do you know how to talk about legal issues in English? Our article this month will really help you with that. Of course, that’s not all and we’re also looking at some funny plane stories, J.M. Barrie (the author of Peter Pan), human trivia, phrasal verbs, idioms, slang, vocabulary, UK-US word differences, a business topic, and lots, lots more. Well, we hope you enjoy reading and listening to this issue of Learn Hot English.

Have fun, learn lots of English and see you all next month!

3

Editorial

4

Grammar Fun

6

Error Terror

8

Fingers UK / US Words

10 Fingers’ Pronunciation - Intonation Intermediate (CEF level: B1)

12 Story Time 15 Hot Song 16 Crank Calls 18 Fingers’ Grammar Clinic 20 Interview Horror Stories

20

22 23 legal words & expressions!

24 Exercises 23 legal words &

expressions!

Upper Intermediate (CEF level: B2)

25 Crossword 26 Body Matching

22

27 Body Triva 28 In The News 30 Idioms – Horse 32 Business Chat 33 Wordsearch & Matching

PS Remember to sign up for our newsletter so you can receive lots of FREE language lessons, and find out what we’re doing. Just visit our website (www.learnhotenglish.com) and enter your name and e-mail address in the box on the right-hand side of the page. Don’t forget to check out the blog on our website: www. learnhotenglish.com/blog for free lessons and articles on how to learn English. Or “like” us on Facebook or Twitter (@LearnHotEnglish)so you can keep up with our latest news.

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36

34 Plane Stories 36 Airplane Fun Advanced (CEF level: C1)

37 Business Dialogues 38 Fingers’ Vocabulary Clinic

44

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All material in this publication is strictly copyright, and all rights are reserved. Reproduction without permission is prohibited. The views expressed in Hot English Magazine do not necessarily represent the views of Hot English Publishing SL, although we don’t think that it’s funny to shoot little puppies, and we would like to fly off to Never-never Land.

40 Strange But True 41 Dictionary of Slang 42 British Bar Chat 43 Phrasal Verbs - To Have 44 JM Barrie & Peter Pan 46 Answers

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The section that makes grammar easy and fun

n u f r a m Gram This month we are looking at the difference between “Make” versus “Do”. Read over the explanations, then look at the cartoons. Illustrations by Edgardo Carosia

To make someone an offer

To make an effort

W

Make constructing things

W

Make Make is generally used for creating and constructing things. For example: “I made a bed with the wood you gave me.”

Here are some other things you can make with “make”: a model, a toy, a cake, etc.

Make business expressions

To make a complaint

To make a mistake

Make – general use And of course there are lots more useful expressions with “make”. Here are some of the more important ones: To make the best of something To make certain of something To make a confession To make a difference To make a discovery To make peace with someone To make sure of something To make use of something To make way for someone To make someone welcome To make an escape To make a fool of someone To make fun of someone To make a journey

4

To make friends W

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W

There are many expressions with “make” in the world of business.

Here are some of them: To make an appointment: To make arrangements: To make a decision To make enquiries To make money To make a phone call To make a profit To make progress To make a report on To make a speech To make a success of

W

GRAMMAR FUN

“Make” versus “Do”

We often use “do” in general questions referring to an activity. For example: “What are you doing?”

We can also use “do” to ask about someone’s job.

For example: A: What do you do?

B: I’m a doctor.

To do - housework W

To do - business

W

Do – housework There are many expressions with “do” that describe jobs in the house. Here are a few of them.

Do the washing up (cleaning the plates) Do the washing (cleaning clothes) Do the ironing Do the cleaning Do the hoovering/ vacuuming Do the housework

Do – more expressions And here are some more general expressions with “do”.

Do business with someone Do an exercise (a written exercise) Do exercise (physical exercise) Do someone a favour Do good Do homework Do sport

To do - business W

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GRAMMAR FUN

Do – general expressions

W

To do - activity

Do

W

To do - activity

AUDIO

ERROR TERROR

ERRORTERROR Our mini-series on funny signs from English-speaking countries.

If you’ve ever been abroad, you’ve probably seen a poorly-written menu full of spelling errors. But it isn’t just foreigners who make mistakes: native English speakers are just as bad. The following is a collection of badly written signs from shop windows and public places in English-speaking countries. See if you can identify the linguistic problem in each sentence. Then check our “Error Analysis” section for a full explanation.

3. The problem with this sign is the incorrect use of the word “non- existent”. Of course, if a book is “non-existent” it has never existed. We think the sign should simply read: ”Rare and out-of-print books.”

4. The implication here is that there is an invitation to literally go to the toilet on the floor. This can be avoided by adding three simple words: “This urinal is out of order. Kindly use the toilets on the floor below.

1. At a restaurant gas station (West Virginia, USA): “Eat here and get gas.”

2. In a barbershop (Manchester, England): ”During vacation of owner, a competent hair stylist will be here.”

3. At a bookstore (London, England): ”Rare, out-of-print and non-existent books.”

4. Notice in a toilet (Wisconsin, USA): This urinal is out of order. Kindly use the floor below.

5. On the grounds of a private school (Kent, England): “No trespassing without permission.”

6. On a freeway (California, USA): ”Fine for littering.”

7. In a jewellery store (New Hampshire, USA): “Ears pierced while you wait.”

5. This is an example of unnecessary language: if you are “trespassing”, you obviously don’t have permission to be on the grounds. So, the sign could simply read: “No trespassing.”

6. The problem with this sign is that “fine for littering” has two possible meanings: a) It is fine to litter = which means that it is OK to litter. b) There is a fine if you litter = which means you must pay a financial penalty if you litter.

We think the sign would be better like this: “No littering. Maximum penalty: $400.”

7. The use of “while you wait” is unnecessary. This sign could be reduced to these two simple words: “Ears pierced.”

Error Analysis 1. The problem with this sign is that “get gas” could have two meanings: a) To get some gas (gasoline) for your car. b) To produce gas in your body as a result of eating bad food at the restaurant.

To avoid any confusion we think they should use the word “gasoline”, and have two separate signs such as these: “Get your gasoline here” “Food served here” 2. The problem with this sign is that it implies that the owner is not a “competent stylist”. To avoid any confusion, we think they should add one important word: ”During vacation of owner, an equally competent hair stylist will be here.”

idioms 6

GLOSSARY gas station n US a place where you can buy petrol for your car. “Petrol station” in British English gas n US gasoline. “Petrol” in British English a urinal n a toilet for men to trespass vb to walk on land that is private and not open to the public

a freeway n US a large road with many lanes for lots of cars.

A “motorway” in British English to litter vb to throw rubbish on the floor or ground and not in a rubbish bin to pierce vb to put a hole in your ear so you can wear an earring

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DR FINGERS’UK / US WORDS

DR FINGERS’UK / US WORDS This is another part in our series on the differences between British and American English. Here are some more objects that are described differently in Britain and the States.

US

BRITISH

Bum/hobo

Tramp

Garbage/ trash can

Rubbish bin

Gas, gasoline

US

BRITISH

Hamburger meat

Mince/minced beef

Highway

Main road / motorway

Jello

Jelly

Liquor

Alcohol / booze

Liquor store

Off-licence

Petrol

Gas station

Garage

Guy

Bloke, chap

Exercise Read the text below that is written in American English. There are ten typical American English words. See if you can find them and write the British English equivalent. We have done the first one for you. Answers on page 46.

American English I was driving along the highway when I stopped at the gas station to get some gas. When I finished, I went into the liquor store to get some liquor.

While I was there, this guy started talking to me. He looked like a bum and he asked if I had any hamburger meat on me. I said no, but I did have a bag of jello, which I gave him. He looked at me in disgust and threw it in the trash can. I just laughed.

Exercise 1. Highway = main road / motorway 2. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 3. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 4. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 5. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 6. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 7. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________ 8. _______________________________________________________ = _______________________________________________________

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AUDIO

DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION INTONATION

DR FINGERS’PRONUNCIATION INTONATION This is the third part of our series on the differences in pronunciation between British and American English.

This month we are looking at some more sounds. (The answers to the exercise are on page 46) This is the fourth and final part of our mini-series on the differences in pronunciation between British and American English.

This month we are looking at some more sounds that are different.

4. The “eI” sound This “ei” sound is different too.

1. The “aI” sound Listen to these words and hear how the “ai” sound is pronounced differently. The first speaker of each group is speaking with a standard British accent, and the second speaker is speaking with a standard American accent.

British Night Fight Right Sight

US Night Fight Right Sight

2. The “{” sound

Pain Shade Dave Gave Wait Taste Bait Paper

Pain Shade Dave Gave Wait Taste Bait Paper

5. The “r ” sound Finally, let’s listen to some words with an “r” in them. In British English the “r” sound is not very prominent (unless it is before a vowel, “re-read”). However, in American English the “r” sound is pronounced much more. Listen to the differences.

This sound is different too.

3. The “Iˆ” sound

Turn Fur Pearl Worm Warm Word Worker Car Offer Bar Star Cart

Listen to the differences with this sound. Notice how the Americans pronounce the “r” sound much more prominently than the British.

Exercise

Beer Hear Steer Tear Beard Gear

Now see if you can do this little exercise. You have to listen to each sentence and say which one is in British English and which one is American English. Write “Br” next to the numbers below if you think the speaker is speaking with a British English accent; and put “Am” next to the ones with an American English accent. We’ve done the first one for you.

1 _Am 2 ____ 3 ____ 4 ____ 5 ____ 6 ____ 7 ____ 8 ____ 9 ____ 10 ____ 11__ 12 ____ 13 ____ 14 ____ 15 ____ 16 ____ 17 ____ 18 ____ 19 ____ 20 ____

Man Axe Pan Sad Bag Brad Sack Ban Hat

Man Axe Pan Sad Bag Brad Sack Ban Hat

Beer Hear Steer Tear Beard Gear

Turn Fur Pearl Worm Warm Word Worker Car Offer Bar Star Cart

GLOSSARY an axe n a tool for cutting wood. It has a wooden handle and a sharp blade at the end to ban vb to prohibit to steer vb to control a car and make it turn in the direction you want

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a gear n an object used to control the speed of a car.

Most cars have five forward gears and one reverse gear bait n food used to attract animals so you can catch or kill them

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AUDIO

Jokes, stories and anecdotes as told by native English speakers

STORY TIME

e m i t y r o t S In this section you can hear native English speakers telling each other jokes.

The Religious Parrots A lady goes to her priest and says, “Father, I have a problem.

I have two female talking parrots, but they only know how to say one thing.”

“What do they say?” the priest asks. ”They say, ‘Hi, there, big boy. Want to have some fun?’ ” “That’s terrible,” the priest says, “but I have a solution to your problem. Bring your two female parrots over to my house. I will put them with my two male talking parrots, who are very religious. I personally taught them how to pray and read the bible. They will stop your parrots from speaking like that; and afterwards, your female parrots will learn how to pray.”

“Oh, thank you!” the woman responds.

So, the next day, the woman brings her female parrots to the priest’s house. At that moment, the two male parrots are praying in their cage. Without saying a word, the lady puts her two female parrots in with the male parrots. Of course, the first thing they say is, “Hi, there, big boy. Want to have some fun?”

At the sound of the female parrot voices, one male parrot looks up and says, “Quick! Put the beads away. Our prayers have been answered!”

its hand. The conductor takes the ticket and moves on. The lawyers see this and agree that it’s a very clever idea.

After the conference, the lawyers decide to copy the engineers on the return trip and save some money. So, when they get to the station, they buy just one single ticket. But to their astonishment, the engineers don’t buy a ticket at all.

“Hey! How are you going to travel without a ticket?” asks one lawyer.

“Watch and you’ll see,” says one of the engineers.

So, all six of them get on the train, and the three lawyers cram into one toilet, and the three engineers cram into another toilet nearby.

The train departs. But shortly afterwards, one of the engineers leaves his toilet and walks over to the other toilet where the lawyers are hiding. And he knocks on the door and he says, “Tickets, please”.

GLOSSARY

Lawyer Joke Three lawyers and three engineers are travelling by train to a conference. At the station, the three lawyers each buy their tickets and watch in amazement as the three engineers buy just one ticket.

“How are three people going to travel with only one ticket?” asks one of the lawyers.

“It’s easy. Just watch,” one of the engineers answers.

So, all six of them board the train. The lawyers take their seats, but the three engineers cram into a toilet and close the door behind them.

Shortly afterwards, the ticket inspector comes around collecting tickets. He knocks on the toilet door and says, “Tickets, please”. The toilet door opens just a bit and a single arm appears with a ticket in

12

a priest n a person who is a member of a religious order want to… exp abbr notice how this is an abbreviated form of “do you want to. This is typical in spoken English to pray vb to speak to God; to say words to God a cage n a small room with metal bars that is used to keep animals to look up phr vb literally, to stop looking down and to raise your head so you can see something beads n small, round, plastic or wooden objects.

They can often be found on rosaries, which Catholics use to pray our prayers have been answered exp this means: “God has given us what we were asking for”

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to watch in amazement exp to look at something that surprises you to board vb to get on a train to take your seat exp to sit down to cram into a place exp to enter a place where there are a lot of people and there is very little space a ticket inspector n a person who checks your tickets on a train to come around phr vb to arrive at the place you are referring to to move on phr vb to go away from the place you are referring to the return trip n the journey back to where you came from to their astonishment exp to their surprise to depart vb to leave

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AUDIO

Our monthly song from new artists and bands.

This month: Rescue Party HOT SONG

HOT SONG This month’s Hot Song is “California” by the British group Rescue Party. Band members Gerald and Gareth have been song-writing and producing together for around 4 years, building up a substantial and varied collection of songs. They work from their studio in the rural wilds of Shropshire, where they spend 3 or 4 days a week developing their music. Both Gerald and Gareth are classically trained (Royal Academy of Music and Leeds University respectively). Gerald studied piano, composition and violin/viola, and Gareth studied piano, clarinet and Advanced Music technology. Feel free to visit their website: www.rescueparty.net

“California”

by Rescue Party (British group - however, note how they use US English, and how they sing about the US) We bought a re-conned Jeep in Bradley town, Took the highway south and travelled down, The time goes on and on, just like the 101 in California.

We watched the sun come up at Morro Bay, Fell in love with life, cos on that day, Was when we realised, the summer never dies in California.

Drive-in movies, rag-top cars, Wild imagination, Hollywood stars, Good time dreamers, Warner cartoons, 24/7 radio tunes, we had, the time, We had the time of our lives in California.

On Venice Boulevard in ‘69, Found a ‘Califone’ in the Five-and-Dime, And when the records on, you know that you belong in California.

Drive-in movies, rag-top cars, Wild imagination, Hollywood stars, Good time dreamers, Warner cartoons, 24/7 radio tunes, we had, the time, We had the time of our lives in California.

Late night parties, ocean view, Centrefold passion, and “Ingenue”, Dollar-Diners, bars and grills, Kiss-and-tell stories, in Beverly Hills, We had, the time, We had the time of our lives in California.

We’re gonna go out tonight, We’ll have the time of our lives.

(Repeat to fade)

Practice English Conversations

GLOSSARY the rural wilds of Shropshire exp the countryside in Shropshire (a county in England) classically trained adj people who are “classically trained” have been to music school a re-conned Jeep n a Jeep (type of military vehicle) that has been adapted so civilians can use it took the highway south exp this means: “drove on the motorway (the large road) in a southerly direction” time goes on and on exp this means: “time never ends” the 101 n this is a road in California to come up phr vb when the sun “comes up”, it appears in the morning cos abbr because a drive-in movie n a film on a large screen in the open air. You watch it from your car a rag-top car n a car with a roof that you can take off to enjoy the sun, etc wild imagination n if you have a “wild imagination”, you are

very creative a good time dreamer n someone who thinks a lot and dreams 24/7 abbr this means: “open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week” we had the time of our lives exp this means: “we had a really good time”; “we really enjoyed ourselves” a five-and-dime n a shop that sells cheap goods. A “dime” is five cents on exp if a record is “on”, it is playing a centrefold n the photo of an attractive and nude man or woman that is on the centre pages of a magazine a dollar-diner n a cheap restaurant where you can eat for a dollar, more or less a grill n a type of restaurant that serves meat, etc kiss-and-tell stories n stories about who has kissed (or more) who gonna abbr going to

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AUDIO

Telephone conversations to help improve your listening skills.

CRANK CALLS

Crank Calls Here are some more crank calls - those funny telephone calls that are designed to wind people up.

Have fun listening to these two. (US English spelling) (answers on page 46)

Crank Call II:The Early Morning Call For this call, we put in a classified ad (see advert on this page) offering a cheap car. It didn’t take long before we had a response.

Listen to the telephone conversation and answer this question: Why does the ad say “call am”?

Crank Call I: The Animal Home For this call we phoned up a home for abandoned animals. Listen to the conversation and answer this question: Why did we phone the animal home?

Victim: Hot: Victim Hot: Victim: Hot:

Victim: Hot: Victim: Hot: Victim: Hot: Victim: Hot:

Victim:

16

Harper’s Animal Refuge, how can I help you?

Oh, hello.

Hello?

Yes, hello. Is this the place that takes in abandoned animals?

Yes, that’s right. We take care of abandoned animals.

How can I help you?

Well, I recently purchased a puppy for my son.

Unfortunately, he’s decided he doesn’t want it any more, and I was wondering whether you could take it off my hands.

We deal with abandoned animals.

Yes, I know. You just told me that. So, can I bring the dog round?

No, you can’t.

Well, I’m going to abandon it anyway. So, I’m just trying to save you a bit of trouble.

Frankly, I find your attitude appalling.

Well, how much would it cost me to put the dog to sleep?

We’re talking about a living creature here. It’s your responsibility to educate your son on these matters… …You don’t know what my son is like. He can be very persuasive at times. Anyway, I won’t waste your time any longer, bye…

Erm… wait… (sound of a gunshot and a yelp)

Hot: Victim: Hot: Victim: Hot: Victim: Hot: Victim:

Yeah?

Oh, hi, I was calling about the ad.

What?

The ad. You have an ad about a car.

It’s two in the morning. Who the hell are you?

Your ad said “call am”.

No, it said “Call Amy”.

No, man, I got it here. It definitely says “call am”. You know, like, in the morning. Check it out.

Hot: Oh no, I told them to get it right.

Victim: Sorry about that. It definitely says “call am”.

Hot: Yeah, no problem. Bye. Victim: Bye… hey, what, what about the car?

Hot: Car’s going for $450.

Victim: That’s cheap.

Hot: Yeah, phone back later, and you can speak to Amy. GLOSSARY to wind someone up phr vb to irritate someone and make them angry to take in phr vb if an organisation “takes in” an abandoned animal, it accepts that animal and takes responsibility for it to take care of exp to look after something; to give food, warmth, love, etc to something a puppy n a young dog I was wondering whether… exp this means: “I wanted to know if…” to take something off your hands exp if someone “takes something off your hands”, they take that thing from you so you are no longer responsible for that thing to bring round phr vb to take something to the place you are referring to appalling adj terrible, horrible to put a dog to sleep exp to kill a dog by giving it drugs so it goes to sleep permanently

persuasive adj convincing, manipulative a yelp n a cry of pain a classified ad n some text you put in a newspaper offering to buy or sell something am n in this case “am” means “a.m.” (between midnight and midday) the hell exp inform people use this expression to show they are angry you know exp this is an expression we use in conversation to see if people understand or are following our conversation. It doesn’t really mean anything l ke exp a word people use in conversations as they are trying to think what to say check it out exp this means: “look at it” going for $450 exp if an object is “going for $450”, it costs $450

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AUDIO

DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC

DR FINGERS’GRAMMAR CLINIC Dear Dr Fingers, I was wondering if you could explain the difference between “afraid”, “frightened” and “scared”. Are they the same?

Samuel (by e-mail) Dear Samuel, Thank you very much for your letter. Of course, I would be delighted to help you with your linguistic difficulties; and I sincerely hope that I can resolve any doubts that you may have.

OK, let’s get started.

Today ’s class: Frightened, Afraid & Scared

Similarities

Differences

First of all, “afraid”, “frightened” and “scared” are all adjectives that we can use to talk about fear. We can use them with nouns or pronouns, and they all mean the same. For example: a) I am frightened of the monster. b) I am afraid of the monster. c) I am scared of the monster.

Now let’s look at some of the differences. Both “frightened” and “scared” can be used as adjectives before a noun. For example: a) He is a frightened/scared boy. b) It is a frightened/scared cat.

However, we cannot put “afraid” before a noun (it would be wrong to say, “an afraid boy”).

“Frightened” and “scared” can also be used with modifiers such as “too”, “a bit”, “very”, etc. For example: a) I am too frightened/scared to do it. b) I am a bit frightened/scared. c) I am very frightened/scared.

It is not common to say things like, “too afraid”.

These words can also be followed by “of” + verb,-ing. For example: a) I am frightened of falling. b) I am afraid of falling. c) I am scared of falling.

Or a clause with “to”. For example: a) I am frightened to go in the deep end of the pool. b) I am afraid to go in the deep end of the pool. c) I am scared to go in the deep end of the pool.

(For an explanation on the difference between “frightened to” and “frightened of + ,-ing, please see last month’s issue of Hot English.)

18

Special Differences Also, both “frighten” and “scare” are verbs; and we can use them transitively (with an object). For example: a) She frightens me. b) She scares me.

We can also use these verbs passively. For example: a) I was frightened by her. b) I was scared by her.

There is a subtle difference here between “frighten” and “scare” in that “frighten” suggests more sudden fear; and “scare” is a more constant and general fear.

Well, I hope my explanations have helped you understand the differences.

Yours, Dr Fingers.

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INTERVIEW HORROR STORIES

AUDIO

INTERVIEW HORROR STORIES This is the third part of our mini-series on interviews. This month we have some more funny stories, plus some practical tips for dealing with difficult interview questions.

Bad Preparation Make sure you never go to an interview as badly prepared as 28-year-old Ryan Jones.

I went for this job interview at a nearby clothing store. I was dressed nicely, I arrived on time, and I had my CV with me. When I got there, they gave me an employment application form, and I filled out everything except the addresses and phone numbers of my previous employers because I’d invented most of them.

A few minutes later, I was taken in to see the shop manager, Mrs Hanley.

“Tell me, Ryan, why I should hire you,” Mrs. Hanley said as she sat back in her chair.

I hadn’t expected this question, and blurted out something like, “Oh, er, because I like to talk to people, and… oh, yeah… my friends come into your shop a lot.”

Mrs. Hanley’s smile disappeared. “Ryan, we need employees who are interested in our business,” she said with a serious look on her face.

Then, she scanned my CV and her expression turned to a frown. “I see no addresses or phone numbers for your references,” she said.

“Do you have them with you?”

“No, but I could look them up and e-mail them to you later today.”

“No, don’t worry about it,” she said. “We’ll call you if we need to talk to you again.” And with that she showed me the door. I think I’ll be better prepared and more honest for my interview next time.

Unexpected Attire

27-year-old Jane Brakes remembers a humiliating interview.

I once went to this interview for a sales consulting job that involved selling books to the Spanish-speaking market. I’d put on my CV that I spoke fluent Spanish, but that was a lie.

20

I arrived at the office on time, but to our mutual horror, both myself and the interviewer were wearing exactly the same grey suit, and white shirt. The only difference was our shoes: I was wearing red ones, she was wearing blue ones.

Anyway, we sat down and she started off asking me the usual questions, “Where have you worked? What were you doing? Why did you leave? Etc, etc, etc. Then, she said, “Oh, and I see you speak fluent Spanish, ‘¿cómo te llamas?’”

“What?” I said? And she repeated the question even more slowly, “¿Cómo te llamas?” But I still couldn’t get it.

“Mmm… ‘proficient in Spanish’ it says here. I think not.”

And with that she drew a thick black line through a name on a list she had on her desk. And I have no doubt whose name that was.

Mr Sadistic 19-year-old Brian Gordon Samuels discovered that there’s nothing worse than a sadistic interviewer.

I think I was interviewed by the most sadistic interviewer in the world. I walked into the room and this guy behind a desk just pointed at a chair in the corner facing the wall. He waved his hand in the direction of the chair and motioned me to sit down on it.

After about five minutes of silence I heard the guy stand up and walk over to me. “Do you smoke?” he said, and offered me a cigarette.

“No, thanks,” I replied.

And then there was silence again.

“What do you think of single-sex education?” he asked.

I was just 19 at the time, and I didn’t have a clue what to say, so I just said something like, “er, yeah, it’s OK.” But it was his next question that really did it for me. “Would you be prepared to get down on your knees and beg for this job?” he asked.

And with that I just got up, said “no”, and walked out. I can still see the look of surprise on his face as he watched me leave.

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Forbidden Questions What’s the strangest question you’ve ever been asked in an interview? Many interviewers deliberately ask unusual questions just to see your reaction. Here are some really personal, weird and, in some cases, illegal questions. In case you are confronted by one of these questions, our advice is to do one of the following: say “no comment”; or, run off as fast as you can.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

How many sick days did you take last year?

Have you been diagnosed with any mental illnesses?

Are you planning to have any children?

Are you pregnant?

Are you straight or gay?

Who did you vote for in the last election?

Do you belong to a political party?

What is your race?

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GLOSSARY a CV abbr a curriculum vitae. A piece of paper with information about your personal and professional life to fill out phr vb to complete a form to hire someone exp to pay someone money for a service to blurt something out phr vb to say something quickly and without thinking to scan vb to look for information quickly in a piece of text her expression turned to a frown exp she suddenly became very angry. If you “frown”, you suddenly look serious and have lines on your forehead a reference n a person who you worked with previously and who can give information about your attitude to work to look up information exp to look for information on the internet or in an encyclopaedia to your mutual horror exp if something happens “to your mutual horror”, two people are horrified by the same thing ¿cómo te llamas? exp Spanish this means: “what is your name?”

I still couldn’t get it exp

this means: “I still didn’t understand it” to draw a thick black line through someone’s name exp to use a thick black pen to eliminate someone’s name from a list sadistic adj someone who likes causing pain to others, and who enjoys watching other people suffering to wave your hand in the direction of something exp to move your hand as a way of showing someone where to sit I didn’t have a clue exp this means: “I didn’t understand” that really did it for me exp this means: “that was the thing that really made me angry” to get down on your knees and beg for something exp to literally go on your knees (the joint in the middle of your legs), and to ask for something desperately weird adj very strange to run off phr vb to escape running in rehab n if you go “in rehab”, you go to a special hospital to help you with your drug or alcohol addiction

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21

LEARN 23 LEGAL WORDS & EXPRESSIONS!

LEARN 23 LEGAL WORDS & EXPRESSIONS! Knowing about the basics of law is important for any job. But do you know how to talk about legal matters in English? These words and expressions will help you do just that. First, read over the definitions and examples. Then, see if you can do the exercises on the following page.

1

A contract

A legal agreement between two (or more) people or companies: “We’ll need a few days to read over the contract.”

5

To sign a contract

If you “sign” a contract, you put your name on it to show that you agree with it: “They signed the contract last week.”

9

2

The terms

6

A clause

To take someone to court

10 To

A party

4

A person (or company) who is mentioned in a contract, or who is part of it: “Both parties agreed to the terms of the contract.”

7

A special section in a contract (with lines of text) that is often numbered (clause 1, 2, 3…) so you can find it easily: “Please refer to clause 16 for information on that point.”

If you “take someone to court”, you start a legal process against them in order to receive compensation: “We’ll take you to court if you don’t pay back the money by next week.”

Literally, a “court” is a building where legal matters are decided.

22

3

The “terms” of a contract are the conditions in the contract: how much you have to pay, what you have to do, when you have to do it, etc.: “Under the terms of the contract, you have to complete the work by next Friday.”

A penalty clause

8

A clause in a contract that refers to a punishment or amount of money that someone has to pay if the terms of the contract are broken: “We need to include a penalty clause in the contract to cover us if the work isn’t finished in time.”

abide by

If you “abide by” a law, agreement or contract, you do what it says in the contract: “They have to abide by the terms of the contract.”

11

To draw up a contract

If you “draw up” a contract, you write it or create it: “We need to draw up a contract that covers all these points.”

A right

If you have a “right” to do something, you can do it legally: “We have every right to be here and there’s nothing you can do about it.”

To comply with

If you “comply with” the terms of the contract, you do what it says in the contract; if someone fails to “comply”, they don’t do what the contract says: “If you fail to comply with the terms of the contract, we’ll take legal action against you.”

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binding / legally enforceable Once a contract has been signed by all parties, it becomes “legally binding”, which means that people have to do what it says in the contract by law: “This contract won’t be legally binding until everyone has signed it.”

15 To

expire

If a contract or agreement “expires”, it ends and it isn’t valid anymore: “My 4-year work contract expired last week.”

13 A verbal agreement

14 A breach of contract

If there’s a “verbal agreement” between two parties, they agree to do something orally (by speaking): “The company refused to comply with the terms of our verbal agreement.”

Also known as a “gentleman’s agreement”

If there’s a “breach of contract”, someone breaks the terms of the contract or fails to do what it says in the contract: “If you don’t deliver the goods by tomorrow, you’ll be in breach of contract.”

The verb is “to breach”: They breached the terms of the contract.”

16 Damages

17 Liable

“Damages” refers to money that someone receives when they win a court case against someone, or if a claim against another party is successful: “She won the court case and was awarded damages.”

If you’re “liable” for something (such as costs), you’re legally responsible for that thing: “The company is liable for all costs as the accident took place in their offices.”

18 An agreement

19 A liability (responsibility)

20 Limited liability

A decision by two or more parties. Both terms “agreement” and “contract” are often used interchangeably, but a contract is signed and legally enforceable, whereas an agreement isn’t: “They reached an agreement to produce the satellites together.”

If you have a “liability” to do something, you’re responsible for that thing, such as paying back a debt, protecting clients, paying a fine…: “Failure to comply with the regulations could result in legal liability.”

If someone has “limited liability”, the amount they have to pay is limited to a fixed sum of money: “There was a limited liability clause in the contract setting her personal liability at just $1,000.”

21 A warranty: a written promise that

22 To

23 To file a lawsuit

says that a company will repair or replace a product free of charge if it breaks, etc.: “The computer comes with a 12-month warranty.”

The words “warranty” and “guarantee” are often used interchangeably. However, a “warranty” is a legally binding document, whereas a “guarantee” is more of a general promise to do something.

If you “file a claim for” compensation, you apply for it officially because you have a right to it according to the law or a contract: “He filed a claim for compensation for the loss of the equipment.”

file a claim for

If you “file a lawsuit” against someone, you start a legal process against them in order to get compensation: “She filed a lawsuit against her former employer.”

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23

LEARN 23 LEGAL WORDS & EXPRESSIONS!

12 Legally

LEARN 23 LEGAL WORDS & EXPRESSIONS!

EXERCISES TO HELP YOU REMEMBER THE WORDS & EXPRESSIONS! Answers on page 46

1

Gap-fill exercise

2

Complete the sentences with the words from below.

agreement liability

terms

penalty

liable

abide

parties

breach

right

1. Under the of the contract, you have to complete the work by next Friday.

2. Both agreed to the terms of the contract.

3. We need to include a clause in the contract to cover us if the work isn’t finished in time.

4. We have every to be here and there’s nothing you can do about it.

5. They have to by the terms of the contract.

6. The company refused to comply with the terms of our verbal .

7. If you don’t deliver the goods by tomorrow, you’ll be in of contract.

8. The company is for all costs as the accident took place in their offices.

9. Failure to comply with the regulations could result in legal .

24

Sentence completion

Complete the sentences with the missing letters.

1. A legal agreement between two (or more) people or companies is a…. c 2. If you do this, you write or create a contract = to dr up a contract 3. If you do this, you put your name on a contract to show that you agree with it = to si a contract 4. A special section in a contract that is often numbered a cl 5. To start a legal process against someone in order to receive compensation = to take someone to co 6. If someone fails to do this, they don’t do what it says in the contract = to fail to co with the terms of the contract 7. Once a contract has been signed by all parties, it becomes legally bi 8. If a contract or agreement ends, it ex 9. Money that someone receives when they win a court case against someone = da 10. A decision by two or more parties to do something together = an ag 11. If someone has this, the amount of money they have to pay is limited to a fixed sum = limited lia 12. A written promise that says that a company will repair a product free of charge if it breaks = a wa 13. If you do this, you apply for compensation because you have a right to it = to file a cl for something 14. If you do this, you start a legal process against someone in order to get compensation = to file a la against someone

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ANSWERS ON PAGE 46

CROSSWORD

CROSSWORD

Across 3: A member of the nobility. A b________ 6: Two babies who are born at the same time and to the same mother 8: A person who attends passengers on an airplane. A flight ________ 9: A little room with metal bars for animals 12: To register your bags before you get on a plane. To ________ your bags in 13: To leave later than planned = to leave later than s____________ 15: To give something to someone = to h___________ something to someone 17: I didn’t understand anything = I didn’t have a ________ 20: The area in a plane where a pilot sits 21: To watch someone carefully = to keep an ______ on someone 22: To turn something off = to _____ something off 23: The movement of money into and out of a business = cash _______

24: A free glass of champagne = a __________ glass of champagne 26: To complete a form = to _______ out a form 29: If a ship does this, it goes to the bottom of the ocean 30: If figures are _______ , they have decreased 31: A thick piece of material to keep you warm in a plane 32: To sit down = to ________ your seat 33: A word to describe all the staff in a plane = the cabin _________ 34: To vomit = to _________ up

Down 1: I’m getting used to this = I’m getting the _______ of this 2: What are you thinking of? = what have you got in _________ 4: To say who is responsible for something = to name ___________ 5: A person who checks your ticket on a plane = the ticket __________

7: To feel as if you are about to vomit = to feel ________ 10: To leave = to d________ 11: To move from one place to another very quickly = to _____ around 14: Things you put in your ears so you can listen to music/the radio, etc 16: I suppose = I _________ 18: To open a seat belt = to un_________ a seat belt 19: Three babies who are born at the same time and to the same mother 23: To lose a lot of money = to lose a __________ 25: A child who is travelling unaccompanied on a plane = an unaccompanied ________ 27: If a plane does this, it comes to the ground in a controlled manner 28: To say words to God 29: To keep using something = to s________ with something 31: An object you use to keep you safe and secure in your seat = a seat ___________

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25

TRIVIA MATCHING

Body Matching Exercise See if you can do this matching exercise. Look at the list of things (1 to 12), and the photos ( A - L ). Write a letter next to the name of each thing in the list below. Answers also on page 46 1.

A beardless male

2. A man snoring 3. A man about to sneeze

ZZ

4. A heart attack

ZZ

5. Triplets 6. A fertility-enhancing drug 7. An intestine

A

8. A man laughing

C

9. A brain 10. Blood types 11. A left-handed person 12. A nudist

F

E

G B

K

D J

I H

26

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L

AUDIO

Body Trivia The average person falls asleep in seven minutes.

The average person is about half-a-centimetre taller at night.

Increase your recorded height by only allowing yourself to be measured while you are asleep.

In your lifetime you will walk the equivalent of twice around the world.

During his lifetime, the average beardless male will spend 2,965 hours shaving.

More people are killed annually by donkeys than die in air crashes.

So, next time avoid those innocent-looking donkeys.

Do you know what most people write when you offer them a new pen to try? A study showed that 97% write their own name. How egocentric!

In 1900 the average age at death in the US was 47; these days it’s 87.

During your life you will drink more than 72,000 litres of water.

WEIRD TRIVIA

Here are some interesting facts and figures all about human beings and their bodies.

Every human being has: Enough iron to make a 9 cm nail; Enough sulphur to kill 6,000 fleas; Enough carbon to make 900 pencils; Enough potassium to fire a toy cannon; Enough phosphorous to make 2,200 match heads; And enough water to fill a 50-litre tank.

• • • • • •

Our brain is about 85% water. By the way, did you know that our ancestors, the Neanderthals, had brains that were far bigger than ours?

The shortest president of the US was James Madison who measured just 158 cm tall; and the tallest was Abraham Lincoln, who was 192 cm tall.

The most common blood type in the world is Type O; and the rarest is type A-H, which has been found in less than a dozen people since it was discovered.

In 1960 there were about 4,000 people in the US who were over 100 years old. However, by 1995 the number had jumped to 55,000.

An average person uses the bathroom 6 times a day.

Every time you lick a stamp, you’re consuming 1/10 of a calorie.

Perhaps this explains why postal workers are in such good shape.

12% of the population snores at night. So, you have a 1 in 8 chance of marrying or going out with a snorer.

You share your birthday with at least nine million other people around the world.

All humans lose an average of 40 to 100 strands of hair a day, except members of the Hot English management team who lose three times this amount every day!

A sneeze can exceed the speed of 160 kph, which is faster than the speed limit for cars in all European countries, apart from Germany.

According to German researchers, the risk of a heart attack is higher on Monday than any other day of the week.

The number of triplets born in the US in 1994 (4,594) was more than three times the number born in 1971 (1,034). Experts say that this increase is due to the older age of the mothers and the use of fertility-enhancing drugs and techniques.

The largest internal organ in your body is, curiously, the small intestine. An average one is 7 metres long.

Scientists have proved that laughter lowers our levels of stress and strengthens our immune system. Incidentally, six-year-olds laugh an average of 300 times a day; whereas adults on average only laugh 15 times a day. What a sad bunch of people we are!

The Chinese love to give their children western names. The three most popular names are: Jesus Christ, Richard Nixon, and Elvis Presley. Now, which one would you choose?

About 10% of the world’s population is left-handed. Left-handed presidents include George Bush and Bill Clinton. What a pair!

Thirty eight percent of American’s admit to reading whilst on the toilet; and 66 % of them say that their preferred reading material is the Reader’s Digest.

In 1929, Harvey Brassneck founded America’s first nudist organisation. Apparently, he used to practise his new pastime in the living room.

GLOSSARY an average person n an ordinary person to be measured exp if you are “measured”, someone checks to see how tall you are to shave vb to cut the hair from your face the average age at death n the most common age when people die to lick vb to move your tongue over a surface to be in good shape exp to be physically strong to snore vb to make a noise through your nose or mouth as you are sleeping a 1 in 8 chance exp a 12% probability that something will happen a strand of hair n an individual piece of hair

to strengthen vb to make stronger an immune system n the internal system that helps defend us against disease a sad bunch of people n a pathetic group of people a nail n a long, thin metal object used for holding two pieces of wood together a flea n a small insect with no wings. Fleas often live on dogs a match head n the top of a match (a thin piece of wood used for starting fires) a dozen n twelve of something a pastime n a hobby

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27

AUDIO

IN THE NEWS

In The News...

Muck and Brass An Indian merchant thought he’d found the perfect hiding place for his diamonds. It all started when Mr Rajphul left a bag of 1,722 diamonds in a haystack as a way of hiding them from thieves.

However, when he went to check the bag the next day, he found that it was missing. At first he feared the worst and imagined that someone had taken them. But just then he noticed how his cow Ghodup seemed to be in some kind of pain. It was then that he realised what must have happened: the hungry cow had eaten the bag and its entire contents. In an attempt to retrieve the diamonds, Raiphul gave the cow some powerful laxatives. One hour later, 310 gems reappeared. The following day another 245 turned up. Mr Rajphul is patiently waiting for the rest to show up.

You Score! I Shoot!

A recent football match in a South American country ended tragically. The game was tense as it was between two teams with a fierce rivalry. During play, the ref had to stop the game six times because of fighting between the players. With seconds to go, the scores were still level; but suddenly, key striker El Rupo scored the winning goal. With roars of delight from the crowd, the exuberant player ran around the pitch dancing and jumping in the air. But his joy was short-lived as an opposition player pulled out a revolver and shot El Rupo in the left leg. El Rupo is currently in hospital recovering from his wound. The opposition player is being held by police and will be charged with attempted murder.

Unexpected Death Have you checked the pulse of that quiet man in the office corner lately? A Finnish tax official died at his desk on Tuesday; but none of his 30 colleagues noticed until the following Thursday!

During a press conference, an office spokesperson said: “It’s terrible. Pim was such a quiet bloke that we just thought he was silently getting on with his work. We had no idea that he had actually kicked the bucket. We’ll be keeping a careful eye on everyone from now on.”

59-year-old Pim was buried in a private ceremony last week.

28

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GLOSSARY a hiding place n a place where you can secretly put things that other people won’t find a haystack n a large mass of hay (dried grass that is used as food for animals) to fear the worst exp to think that something really terrible has happened a laxative n medicine that is used to make someone go to the toilet a gem n a valuable stone to turn up phr vb to appear to show up phr vb to appear a fierce rivalry n if two teams have “fierce rivalry”, they both really hate one another a ref n abbr the referee: the person who controls a game of football the scores were still level exp this means: “their scores were the same” a key striker n the football player who scores the most goals to score vb to kick or head the ball so it goes into the goal the winning goal n the goal that gives one team the victory a roar of delight n a loud noise made by many people who are celebrating a victory exuberant adj really happy and excited to run around the pitch exp to run from one end of the pitch (the area of grass where you play football) to the other short-lived adj that doesn’t last very long a revolver n a pistol a wound n an injury; a cut on your body a pulse n a rhythm in the body created by the movement of blood a tax official n a person who investigates tax (the money you pay to the government for services) a desk n a table at work a bloke n inform a man to get on with your work exp to continue doing your work silently to kick the bucket exp inform to die to keep an eye on someone exp to watch someone carefully to bury vb to put a dead body in the ground

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HORSE IDIOMS

HORSE IDIOMS Here are some useful horse idioms. Illustrations by www.carosia.com A dark horse We often describe someone as a “dark horse”, when we suddenly discover that they have a secret talent or ability.

“I didn’t know you’d written a book. You’re a bit of a dark horse, aren’t you?”

Come/get down off your high horse To stop being arrogant about something; to stop acting in a proud and superior way.

“It’s time you came down off your high horse and admitted you might have made a mistake.”

Straight from the horse’s mouth

To flog a dead horse To repeat the same argument over and over again; to waste time trying to do something that will not succeed.

“You’re flogging a dead horse trying to persuade him to go to the States with you: he hates flying and there’s nothing you can do about it.”

To get/climb up on your high horse To eat like a horse To eat a lot of food.

“How do you manage to stay so thin when you eat like a horse?”

To become angry about something and to act as if you were superior.

It’s no good getting up on your high horse about all this rubbish on the ground. You can’t force me to be tidy.

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Information received from someone involved in a situation, or from an authority in that situation, etc.

A: Are you sure the company is about to go bust?

B: Yes, I got it straight from the horse’s mouth

GLOSSARY to flog vb to hit something many times with a whip (a long piece of leather or rope) to go bust exp if a company “goes bust”, it stops working and closes tidy adj someone who is “tidy” always puts things where they should go, and never leaves things on the floor/ground

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AUDIO

BUSINESSCHAT BUSINESS CHAT

ANSWERS ON PAGE 46

BUDGET AIRLINES Hi, and welcome to Business Chat. Today we’ll be talking about low-cost airlines with Jeff Dett, the editor of Aviation Weekly.

Jeff, in the past couple of years, more than 20 low-budget airlines have gone out of business. Why is this?

Well, a lot of low-cost airlines are being squeezed out by the price-war, and the increases in aviation fuel.

And have any of the major companies been able to, erm, react in any way?

Yeah, well they’ve been forced to lower their prices too, just to try and attract, kind of, casual travellers. But I suppose they’ll hope to be able to increase those prices later on in the future.

And who’s responsible for this price war?

Well, mostly companies like easyJet and Ryanair and, erm, well, the, the thing responsible for the increase in the cost of aviation fuel is probably the Iraq war. And the fact that a lot of these companies have been reducing their prices even, you know, all through the year, and not only in peak months like, er, February or November.

Right. So the message really is to enjoy these low fares while we can.

That’s it. That’s it. Yeah.

Right, well, surely this is affecting easyJet and Ryannair as well, isn’t it?

Yeah, well their share price has been, has plunged by about 15% but, erm, basically they’ve got healthy balance sheets so they’ve been able to, erm, hold out while other companies are falling.

Well, so how can they afford to do it?

Well, basically they’ve been sacrificing short-term shareholder value for longer term benefits. They’ve managed to convince their shareholders that it’s worth making life difficult for other companies while they can try and survive.

So, who has been affected in the short term?

Well, just recently this company called JetGreen. They were doing flights from Dublin to Rome and Nice and Alicante. Er, they had to suspend their operations. They’d been trying to market themselves as the finest, most stylish low-fare low-cost airline. But they just couldn’t afford to stay in the field.

Right, OK. So what is situation at the moment?

Well, there’s lots of companies just ready to jump in where those, er, you know, where the other companies have gone bust.

Really?

Yeah, and there’s lots of, erm, people prepared to put up capital for these new companies. And, yeah, there’s basically a lot of people who think the market is still quite open for new business.

Right. And how do you see the future developing?

Well, at the moment there are about 50 airlines operating in Europe, charging low fares. And, erm, frankly, many of these companies just won’t be able to survive. They’re, they’re charging too little, and it’s just impossible to keep going at those rates.

32

So, thank you, Jeff. That was very interesting.

Thank you.

So, you’ll be flying back to Dublin tonight then, will you?

Yeah, that’s right. Yeah.

I suppose you’ll be going on one of the low-budget airlines then, that you’re always writing about and telling us all about?

Oh, no. First class in a British Airways jumbo jet for me.

Complimentary champagne, lobster thermidor, and the personal attention of a beautiful air hostess. Can’t beat it!

That must cost a fortune!

Yeah, I suppose it does. But I’m not paying. Firm pays.

Yeah, right.

GLOSSARY a low-cost airline n an airline that sells cheap plane tickets to go out of business exp to stop functioning as a business; to close to squeeze someone out exp to force someone to leave a particular market a price-war n a situation between companies in which they all try to offer the lowest prices a peak month n a month when there is a lot of business and activity in a particular business sector to plunge vb to fall quickly; to decrease quickly a healthy balance sheet n if a company has a “healthy balance sheet”, the relationship between cost and profit is very good to hold out phr vb to survive to sacrifice vb if you “sacrifice” something, you eliminate that thing, or stop using it short-term adj immediate; in the near future shareholder value n the money given to shareholders for having shares (legal bonds) in a company a shareholder n a person who has shares (legal bonds) in a company to make life difficult for someone exp to do things that causes problems for another person

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to suspend operations exp to stop functioning as a business; to stop doing business for a limited period finest adj the best most stylish adj most fashionable to stay in the field exp to remain in the market; to continue doing business to jump in phr vb to enter a market quickly to go bust exp to close to put up capital exp to offer finance to keep going exp to continue working; to continue functioning at those rates exp at those prices to lower your price exp to decrease your price lobster thermidor n a way of cooking lobster (an animal with a red shell that lives in the sea) with béchamel sauce and parmesan cheese can’t beat it! exp this means: “there is nothing better” a firm n a company

See if you can identify the word below. Then, try to find these words (here on the right) in the Wordsearch.

Good luck! Answers on page 46.

DROP CATCH FOOL HIRE BLURT LOOK, INFORMATION DEPARTURE GATE BOARD PLANE

MATCHING A: B: C: D: E: F: G: H: I: J: K: L: M: N:

A drop To catch on A fool To hire someone To blurt something out To look up information The departure gate To board a plane A surcharge A thick accent To pour down To hustle someone To lose altitude A fire engine

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

SURCHARGE THICK ACCENT POUR DOWN HUSTLE LOSE ALTITUDE FIRE ENGINE

See if you can match the two columns.

Answers on page 46.

An idiot To get on a plane To start going down towards the earth A strong, heavy accent To become popular To force someone to move quickly A vehicle with a water tank in it To pay someone money for a service A fall; a decrease The area you go to just before getting on the plane To say something quickly and without thinking Extra money you pay for a service To look for information on the internet or in an encyclopaedia To rain very heavily

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33

WORDSEARCH

WORDSEARCH

PLANE STORIES

AUDIO

PLANE STORIES When was the last time you went on a plane? Did you have a good journey?

Or did you have a bad one? Here is a collection of stories about people’s experiences on aeroplanes.

This is the first part of a mini-series.

That Sinking Feeling John Wilkins found out that internal flights in some east European countries can be more expensive than intercontinental ones.

I once had to take an internal flight in a country in east Europe. I won’t name names, partly because I have to return there every now and then, and partly because I don’t think they deserve a really bad name. Anyway, I checked in all right and I went to the departure gate. But before boarding, there was another check point. The captain of the plane was there and he was talking to the passengers.

At first I thought he was just greeting the passengers. Then, it was my turn and I realised how wrong I had been.

“You need to pay a 40% surcharge,” the captain told me in a thick east European accent. “What!” I exclaimed. “But I’ve already paid for my ticket.”

“Yes, you have paid for the ticket, but this does not give you the right to a seat. You pay the 40% surcharge or you stand.”

I was so furious that I just said, “OK, I stand.” And with that I boarded the plane, and I stood the whole way. Luckily it wasn’t a long flight.

White Knuckle Ride Sandra had a really scary flight from St. Louis to Indianapolis last August.

The night I took the flight to Indianapolis was just three days after a major plane crash. As a result, everyone was a bit nervous. Just to make matters worse, there was a big storm, with rain pouring down and lightning flashing in the sky.

34

When it was time to board, they hustled us onto the plane, closed the doors, and then told us that they had “just been informed” that we couldn’t take off because of the weather.

We sat there for 45 long minutes until clearance was given for take-off.

No sooner were we in the air, than the passenger area filled with smoke. Everyone started coughing and choking. Luckily the oxygen masks dropped and we were able to breathe normally.

Seconds later, the plane made a number of sickening turns and steadily lost altitude. Next thing, I remember looking out of the window and seeing all these fire engines on the runway. When we landed, we had to slide down the emergency chute. The thing that made everyone really angry was that at no point did the crew say anything to us. And our attempts to speak to the captain were all in vain as he was nowhere to be seen.

Not Enough Bags Emile Saunders had one of the most disgusting flights of his life on his way to Melbourne.

A few months ago, I was on a business trip to Melbourne. The flight was quite full, and included a party of unaccompanied minors. The flight attendants had gathered all the children together and sat them on three rows next to each other… just across from where I was sitting. I guess the flight attendants thought this would make their job easier as they could keep an eye on the eight children without much trouble. But they were wrong.

Shortly after take-off, one of the youngsters rang the buzzer.

“I feel sick,” the little girl told the flight attendant.

The attendant quickly handed the child an airsick bag, then went to get some water. But just as she got back, the girl threw up.

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And that seemed to have a domino effect, and all of the kids started vomiting, one after the other. All the attendants were running around the plane, trying to get as many sick bags as they could. Eventually they ran out. I must say it was quite funny, although it did put me off my lunch.

How Nice!

Greg remembers a very pleasant experience on an southeast Asian flight to Nepal.

I was on a flight from Hong Kong to Kathmandu which was delayed.

The official excuse was the weather, but I saw a group of technicians inspecting the plane on the runway.

Eventually, we began to board the plane at 11:30 pm, more than ten hours later than scheduled. While the plane taxied across the runway, our flight attendants began to give emergency instructions.

“In the case of an emergency,” one of them said, “lights in the aisle will guide you to the exits.” And just at that moment the main lights went out, and the emergency lights came on. In a panic, the flight attendants scrambled for places to sit. They all found a seat except one, who was trapped in the middle of the plane. So, do you know what she did? Well, she just reached down to the nearest man, me, unbuckled my seat belt, and sat on my lap, belting herself in as the plane lifted off the ground. I must say, that was one of the most pleasant take-offs I’ve ever had.

GLOSSARY to name names exp to say who is responsible to check in phr vb to register your bags at the airport before getting on the plane the departure gate n the area you go to just before getting on the plane to board vb to get on a plane to greet vb to say hello to someone a surcharge n extra money you pay for a service a thick accent n a strong, heavy accent a storm n violent weather to pour down phr vb to rain very heavily lightning n bright flashes in the sky to hustle someone exp to force someone to move quickly clearance was given for take-off exp permission was given so the plane could leave to cough & to choke vb if there is a lot of smoke, you may start to cough and choke (to force air out of your mouth) because you cannot breathe properly a sickening turn n a quick and sudden turn in the air that makes you want to vomit to steadily lose altitude exp to start going down towards the earth a fire engine n a vehicle with a water tank in it. Fire fighters drive this large vehicle to buildings on fire a runway n a long road. Planes go along it and then take off to slide down phr vb to move down an object smoothly an emergency chute n a narrow plastic object filled with air that you slide down in order to leave the plane in an emergency were all in vain exp this means: “didn’t help” an unaccompanied minor n a child who is alone on a plane a flight attendant n a person who works on a plane taking care of the passengers a row n a line of seats in an airplane

I guess exp this means: “I suppose” to keep an eye on someone exp to watch someone and see if they are OK to ring the buzzer exp to press a button so a flight attendant can come to you I feel sick exp this means: “I think I am going to vomit” to hand vb to give to throw up phr vb to vomit to have a domino effect exp to cause everyone to start acting in the same way to run around phr vb to go from one place to another very quickly and in a panic to run out phr vb if you “run out” of something, you have no more of that thing to put you off your lunch exp if something “puts you off” your food, you see something disgusting and then you don’t want to eat anything to delay vb if the weather “delays” a plane, the plane leaves late because the weather is so bad later than scheduled adj later than planned to taxi n if a plane “taxies”, it moves slowly along the runway an aisle n the corridor in an airplane to go out phr vb to turn off to scramble for a place to sit exp to desperately try to find somewhere to sit to reach down phr vb to take something with your hands that is at a lower level than you are to unbuckle a seat belt exp to open a seat belt a lap n the flat area of your body between your stomach and your knees that is formed when you sit down to belt yourself in exp to close the seat belt to lift off the ground exp if a plane “lifts off the ground”, it goes up into the sky

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35

AIR PLANE FUN

AIRPLANE FUN Annoying Passengers

•

Try to open the toilet doors, and fail to understand that “OCCUPIED” means that you are sitting on the toilet.

•

Smile as their irritating children kick the back of your seat, or scream all during the flight.

Don’t you just hate passengers who:

•

Shout at the flight attendants and other personnel about weather delays.

•

Act innocently after jumping in the queue as people are waiting to check their bags in.

•

Talk to you while you’re working, reading a great novel, or using a personal electronic device.

•

Bring massive carry-on bags that block up the overhead locker.

•

Try to read your newspaper, or watch the film on your computer.

•

Complain if you move their bag in the overhead locker. If they don’t want it touched, why didn’t they just check it in?

•

Fall asleep and dribble on your arm.

• •

Ask you (ever so kindly) to move to another seat so they can sit next to their friend/husband/wife/child, etc, etc.

Pretend that they are experts on air travel and explain in boring detail everything that is happening.

• •

Stand in front of the movie screen while you’re trying to watch the film.

Stand up before the seat belt sign goes off in an attempt to get off the plane quicker.

•

Speak very loudly behind you during the flight.

•

Grab the back of your seat as they get up or down, disturbing you while you’re enjoying a nap, reading a book, or drinking a cup of hot coffee.

•

Lean really far back in the seat in front of you, leaving you with even less space than you had before.

•

Hog the arm rests, and sometimes occupy a part of your seat as well.

•

Play their walkman/disman/MP3 player so loud that you can feel the drum and bass rhythm without hearing the words to the song.

When was the last time you went on a plane? Did you have a good flight? And what were the other passengers like?

Perhaps you’ll recognise some of the things that passengers do in the list below.

GLOSSARY

36

to jump in the queue exp to go to the front or middle of a line of people, without waiting at the back to check in your bags exp to register your bags at the airport before going on the plane a carry-on bag n a bag you take with you on the airplane an overhead locker n the area above the airplane seats where you can leave your carry-on bag a movie screen n the flat area on which a film is projected to grab vb to suddenly take with your hands to disturb someone exp to annoy or irritate someone a nap n a short sleep during the day to lean far back exp

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to move your chair backwards to hog something exp to try to take something all for yourself; not to share something an arm rest n the area between two seats where you can put your arm a weather delay n if there is a “weather delay”, the plane leaves later than planned because of the weather to dribble vb if you “dribble”, liquid comes out of your mouth as you are sleeping to pretend vb to act as if something is true even if it isn’t really true to go off phr vb if a sign “goes off”, it stops being illuminated

AUDIO

BUSINESSDIALOGUES

ANSWERS ON PAGE 46

In this dialogue, June and Frank, two partners who own an exotic restaurant, are discussing falling sales, and ways of resolving the crisis. June has an interesting idea. Listen to the dialogue and answer these two questions.

1. Why are they in trouble?

2. What is June’s solution to the problem?

June: Things are looking bad. We’ve had a drop in the number of clients this past month, and sales are really down. Plus, our expenses are far too high. We’ve got to do something about it.

Frank: It’s all my fault. I mean, paying top models to dance all night in our exotic restaurant is costing us too much.

Admittedly, it does attract some extra customers…

June: Yeah, a few dirty old men, who order a bowl of soup and then sit there for two hours watching our dancers.

Frank: And I suppose offering all customers a complimentary glass of champagne doesn’t help with the cash flow either.

June: Certainly not. We are losing a fortune with that promotional idea of yours.

Frank: However, I do think we should stick with the dancing models. Perhaps we should just try to find some less expensive ones. Your mother dances, doesn’t she?

June: You leave my mother out of this!

Frank: I’ve got a friend who once did aerobics. She might do.

June: No, seriously, I don’t think this combination of traditional British food and exotic dancing will ever catch on. The public don’t seem to understand it. We’ve got to change the overall concept.

Frank: So, what have you got in mind?

June: Well, I was thinking that instead of having female dancers, we could have some male dancers.

Frank: Mmm… Why? June: Well, for a start we’d get rid of all those sad old men.

And secondly, we’d attract lots of female customers for the male dancers.

Frank: Oh, yeah. That’s a good idea. But who are you going to use? Do you know any men who can dance?

June: Well, the person I had in mind is not standing a million miles from here.

BUSINESS DIALOGUES

THE EXOTIC RESTAURANT Frank: June: Frank: June:

Who? Who are you talking about?

YOU! You fool!

But I can’t dance.

Yes, you can. Look, it’s easy (June puts on some music).

That’s it. Now move your body up and down, up and down...

Frank: Hey, I think I’m getting the hang of this. It’s really good fun.

June: Great! Now, just start slowly taking your clothes off…

Frank: What? (music fades out)

Part II - exercise Now listen to some extracts from the conversation again.

You will notice there are some missing words and a beeping sound. See if you can write the missing word. The answers are on page 46.

1. We’ve had a drop ______ the number of clients.

2. We’ve got to do something ______ it.

3. I do think we should stick ________ the dancing models.

4. I don’t think this idea will ever catch ________ .

5. We would get rid _________ all those sad old men.

6. I’m getting the hang _________ this.

falling sales n sales that are decreasing a drop n a fall; a decrease to be down exp if sales “are down”, they are low and have decreased a dirty old man n a word that is used to describe a man with unnatural interests in sex a complimentary glass of champagne n a free glass of champagne cash flow n movement of money in and out of a company to lose a fortune exp to lose a lot of money to stick with phr vb if you “stick with” something, you continue to use that thing she might do exp this means: “she will possibly be

acceptable” to catch on phr vb if something “catches on”, it becomes popular an overall concept n the general idea what have you got in mind? exp this means: “what are thinking of?” to get rid of exp if you “get rid of” something, you throw that thing away sad adj pathetic is not standing a million miles from here exp this is a sarcastic way of saying: “is very close/near” a fool n an idiot I’m getting the hang of this exp this means: “I’m getting accustomed to this”

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37

DR FINGERS’VOCABULARY CLINIC

DR FINGERS’VOCABULARY CLINIC USEFUL EXPRESSIONS

Here are some more useful expressions for you to learn. The illustrations should help you remember the expressions as you make an association between the image and the meaning of the expression. The answers to the exercise are on page 46.

To have your backs to the wall: To be in a very desperate situation.

To save your own bacon: To only think about yourself and not to care about anyone else in a dangerous or desperate situation.

In this case, “bacon” is used as an alternative and slang word for skin.

A smart alec: Someone who thinks he/ she is really clever and intelligent (but in fact he/ she isn’t).

The expression “smart alec” (also spelled “smart aleck” or “smart alick”) comes from a 19th-century robber and fraudster from New York City called Aleck Hoag. After being captured, he bribed the police to let him escape, but he never paid the money. The police got angry and arrested him again; and afterwards, they referred to him sarcastically as “smart Alec”. The expression has survived to this day.

To be above board: If a deal or agreement is “above board”, everything in it is legal and honest.

The expression “aboveboard” comes from the world of magic. Expert magicians are supposed to have the ability to prepare their tricks with their

38

hands “above the board” (table) where everyone can see what they are doing; this is opposed to the more common practice of doing the trick “under the table (below the board), where their hands are hidden.

Exercise See if you can complete each sentence with the correct expression.

1. Everything in this contract seems to be _____________.

2. Just because he passed all his exams he thinks he’s a real _______________.

A baker’s dozen: Thirteen of something Normally, a “dozen” is twelve of something, but a baker’s dozen is thirteen.

This expression comes from the times when bakers could be fined for giving customers too little bread. To avoid getting prosecuted, bakers used to give customers extra bread; and this is why a “baker’s dozen” is thirteen, instead of twelve.

3. I went back to my old __________________ the other day.

I studied there from the ages of six to fifteen.

4. The banks are demanding that we return the loan, and we’ve just lost another contract. We’ve really got our __________ to the wall.

5. I asked for twelve apples and she gave me a ___________ dozen, so I didn’t complain.

6. As the boat was sinking, I just thought about saving my own ____________.

A bobby: A police officer.

This word is an alternative way of referring to a police officer. It comes from Sir Robert Peel, the British man who created the first police force in London in about 1830. “Bobby” is an abbreviation of his first name, “Robert”. This word is now considered old-fashioned.

An alma mater: Your old school “Alma mater comes from the Latin, meaning “foster mother”.

7. As she was writing some graffiti on the wall, a _________ on a horse appeared out of nowhere and arrested her.

GLOSSARY smart adj intelligent a fraudster n a person who gets money by tricking people to bribe vb if you “bribe” someone (usually an official or police officer), you pay that person money so they permit you to do something (usually illegal) a board n a flat, thin rectangular piece of wood that can be used as a table to fine vb if you are “fined”, you must pay money to the government because you have committed a crime to avoid vb if you “avoid” doing something, you try not to do that thing, a foster mother n a woman who takes care of a child for a long period of time without becoming the “legal” mother. There can be a “foster father” and both of them are referred to as “foster parents”.

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True stories from around the world that are hard to believe!

STRANGE BUT TRUE

AUDIO

e u r T T U B Strange Probability Zero Here are some more stories of unusual coincidences.

Following the Script

The Name Game

This story is a classic case of life imitating art. Early in 1938, an English playwright, A. J. Talbot, published a one-act comedy called Chez Boguskovksy (At Boguskovksy’s Place). It was all about a man called Bruno Boguskovksy who steals a painting from the Louvre Museum in Paris and gets away with it.

Just one year later, on 15th August 1939, a painting was actually stolen from the Louvre. Months later an unknown art thief was arrested. What was his name? Yes, you guessed it: Bruno Boguskovksy.

In 1746 a young Frenchman called Jean Marie Dubarry went out to get drunk. He was depressed because he had been responsible for losing the family business an important contract. When he got home, he argued violently with his father about it; and in a fit of rage, Jean threw a chair at the old man, hitting him on the head and killing him instantly. It was an accident, but the courts found Jean guilty of murder and the young Frenchman was executed on 13th February 1746. Precisely 100 years later, another Frenchman, also named Jean Marie Dubarry, was executed on 13th February 1846… for the murder of his father.

That Sinking Feeling

Baby Boom Something very strange happened in 1906. The German ship “Der Grosse Kurfurst” (the Big Baron) set sail from the German port of Bremen on its way to New York. Halfway across the north Atlantic six babies were born: one in first class, twins in second class, and triplets in third class.

A series of tragic deaths took place in Ireland between the 17th and 19th centuries. On 5th December 1664, a boat sank while crossing the Menai Strait in the Irish Sea. There were 82 passengers on board and all of them died except one man called Hugh Williams.

On 5th December 1785 another boat sank in exactly the same place.

This time there were 96 passengers on board, and once again they all died except one man named Hugh Williams.

Finally, on 5th August 1820 another ship sank in exactly the same place. This time there were 25 passengers on board. They all died except one man. And, yes, you guessed it, his name was Hugh Williams. So, if you ever travel this route, make sure you change your name to Hugh Williams.

GLOSSARY a one-act comedy n a short theatre play that is funny to get away with something exp to do something bad and not be punished for it a baron n a member of the nobility twins n two babies who are born at the same time and from the same mother triplets n three babies who are born at the same time

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and from the same mother to argue vb to have a verbal fight with someone in a fit of rage exp if you do something “in a fit of rage”, you do it when you are very angry a court n a building where legal processes take place to sink vb if a ship “sinks”, it goes to the bottom of the ocean

AUDIO

DICTIONARY OF SLANG

Dictionary of slang Here we’ve got some examples of how to say things in different situations.

>

Situation

Formal

Relaxed

Informal

Let’s finish work for today

An anonymous caller informs you that you have just won 20,000 euros.

You are a bit suspicious:

There must be something more to this than meets the eye

You see a street dog.

It’s an ordinary dog and isn’t a special breed or pedigree.

Look at that mongrel!

Look at that dog!

Look at that mutt!

A friend wants to go to the cinema, and asks you if you are busy tonight.

You say that you aren’t busy.

I have no pressing engagements tonight

I’m free tonight

I don’t really have anything major to do tonight; I’m free; I’m available for selection; I’m up for it; I’ve got nothing on

You are talking about a colleague who is a bit strange, and who frightens you.

I feel emotionally uncomfortable near him

He’s a bit weird

He gives me the willies; he gives me the creeps; he gives me the heebegeebees; he’s a bit of a nutter; he’s a pyscho

You went out to lunch with a friend and you paid for both of you. Your friend offered to pay you back, but six weeks later he still hasn’t paid you.

You are angry.

I paid 50 euros and received no counter payment

You have had a lot of luck for the past six weeks. You describe this situation to a friend.

I have been most fortunate these past six weeks.

GLOSSARY

Let’s stop for today Let’s knock it on the head;

let’s call it a day; that’s enough for now; I’m dead, it’s time to shoot; I’m outta here

It is very late at night and you are still working.

You decide it’s time to stop.

I’m not sure about this one

I lost 50 euros; I’m owed 50 euros

I’ve been lucky for six weeks

What’s the catch? This is a bit fishy; I smell a rat

I’m 50 euros out of pocket, I’m short 50 euros; that’s 50 euros down the drain

I’m on a roll; I’ve got the Midas touch; everything I touch turns to gold; I’m going through a purple patch; just call me goldenballs

Please note that the words in this glossary box are literal translations of parts of idiomatic expressions.

to shoot vb to fire a gun outta exp inform this is an abbreviated form of “out of” a caller n someone who telephones

a breed / pedigree n a special type of dog or cat the drain n a tube that carries dirty water out of the house a patch n an area

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Authentic conversations by native British speakers

BRITISH BAR CHAT

AUDIO

t a h c r a b h Britis Bad Television This month two British men, Hamish and Travis, are talking about television. Listen to their conversation and answer these questions. Remember, you don’t have to understand every word in order to answer the questions. Just listen for the key words (the most important words in the conversation): 1. What does one of the speakers say against television?

2. What does the other speaker say in favour of television?

Travis: Hamish: Travis: Hamish: Travis: Hamish:

Travis:

Hamish: Travis: Hamish:

Travis:

So I, I’ve just been looking at the TV Guide. There’s no… there’s just nothing on. It’s just ridiculous.

What? What do you mean, nothing on? Look at all those channels, there’s loads of stuff…

But there’s nothing decent to watch. It’s... TV these days, British TV...

Nothing decent? Have you looked at the BBC’s listings?

There’s tons of stuff.

It’s all game shows and these stupid reality shows. It’s, there’s just nothing to watch anymore.

No, there’s loads. I mean the BBC, for example, I mean, there’s loads of channels, but the BBC, I mean it’s got the best news programmes in the world. The drama, it’s fantastic.

They’ve reduced the, the number of news programmes, and the number of documentaries, all been reduced and it’s been replaced by these ridiculous reality shows, you know.

Well… …people living in a house, how do they get on? People get eliminated. It’s… …people want to watch that kind of thing. It’s good, but you know, as long as there’s a balance, there’s a bit of this a bit of that, a bit of sport…

Should, should we be giving people what they want to watch, or should we be, you know, trying to educate them and give them…

Hamish: Nah, TV’s, TV’s there for entertainment. If you want an education, you go to university or college, or something, don’t you?

Travis: No. Hey, hey what’s the time?

Hamish: Well, it’s nine o’ clock.

Travis: Oh great! We’ve got the nominations for Big Brother. Quick, turn on the TV. GLOSSARY there’s just nothing on exp this means: “there are no good programmes on television” loads of stuff n this means: “lots of things” the listings n the list of programmes that you can watch on television a game show n a television programme with a competition or game I mean exp people often use this expression as a way

of introducing something extra that they want to add. This is usually something the speaker feels is important you know exp people often say this expression to check that the other person is understanding how do they get on? exp this means: “what kind of relationship do they have?” a bit of this and a bit of that exp some of this and some of that nah exp inform no

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PHRASALVERBS

PHRASALVERBS TO HAVE The verb “to have” has many different uses. Generally, we use this verb to describe possession.

For example, “I have three houses.” Now let’s see some phrasal verbs with the verb “to have”.

Have (got) something against someone To hate someone for a particular reason

Have (got) it in for someone To really hate someone, and to want to hurt and destroy that person

They have sent me on six business trips, and moved my office desk three times this month for no apparent reason.

They really have it in for me.

What is it with you foxes? Do you have something against us?

Oh no, it’s nothing personal. I’m just hungry.

I’m not touching that cheese.

I think they’re having me on.

The doctor said I should have a few days off because I’m sick.

Have someone on To play a trick on someone; to try to trick someone in order to get something from that person, or to humiliate them

Have off (days from work) To take a holiday from work either for personal reasons, or because you are sick

Have it out with someone To resolve a problem by talking to someone

“I’m sorry honey but dinner tonight is out of the question. I have too much on. Next week, perhaps.

V.C.

Have (got) a lot on To be very busy

This is just too much.

Last week baby Gary took my Barbie doll, and now he’s taken my Action Man. I’m going to have it out with him.

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J.M. BARRIE

THE MAN WHO COULDN’T GROW UP The fascinating story of J.M. Barrie, the author of the internationally famous book Peter Pan. The film Finding Neverland, starring actor Johnny Depp, is all about the life of J.M. Barrie. It’s an incredible story of the success, love and tragedy of the man who couldn’t grow up.

This idea of everlasting childhood stayed with Barrie for the rest of his life. It also became the inspiration for his most famous play, Peter Pan. However, it would be another 33 years before that inspiration emerged in the shape of the play and novel.

A Tragic Death J.M. Barrie was born on 9th May 1860 in the Scottish village of Kirriemuir. Barrie was the ninth of ten children, and he grew up with stories of pirates and adventure. When Barrie was six, something happened that would affect him for the rest of his life: his brother David, who was 14 at the time, died in a skating accident.

As a result, Barrie’s mother fell into a depression as David had been her favourite child. Barrie was only six at the time, but he was overwhelmed by his mother’s grief.

He later wrote about his desire to “become so like David that even my mother should not know the difference”. For a week, Barrie practised David’s way of whistling; and then, one morning, he dressed in his dead brother’s clothing and did his best to bring David back to life. And in his attempt to be loved and replace David, Barrie virtually became David.

The Lost Boys Later on, Barrie moved to London, where he became a popular writer.

He knew all the great literary figures of the time, including Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (author of the Sherlock Holmes books) and H.G. Wells; and he often surprised them with his remarks. He once said to Wells, “It is all very well to be able to write books, but can you waggle your ears?”

In 1897, Barrie began a relationship with a group of boys that was to dominate much of his life. One day, in Kensington Gardens in London, Barrie watched three little boys (five-year-old George, fouryear-old Jack, and baby brother Peter) who were playing in the park with their nanny.

Barrie befriended them, and together they talked about cricket, pirates, and fairies.

He amazed them by the way he could waggle his ears; and before long, Barrie was meeting them on a regular basis.

Young Forever All of this had a profound effect on Barrie; and it actually stunted his own development. When Barrie reached the age of 14 (the same age at which his brother had died), he literally stopped growing (he was only 160 cm tall), and never grew any taller.

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Meeting the Mother That same year, Barrie met the boys’ mother (Sylvia Llewelyn Davies) by chance during a New Year’s Eve party. Sylvia later invited Barrie to visit them at home, which Barrie promptly did. Soon, Barrie was going there all the time.

The End A few years before his death, Barrie had commissioned a statue of Peter Pan that is now in Hyde Park (London). Barrie said that he hoped it would allow Peter to be remembered long after the play was forgotten. But these days Peter Pan is just as popular as ever; and many children still dream of flying off with Peter to Never Land, where they’ll never bathe, or eat broccoli, or (the worst fate of all) have to grow up.

The Story of Pan Grows Eventually the play was ready. The opening night was on 27th December 1904. Sylvia and the boys came into town to accompany the nervous Barrie to the theatre. Back in New York, producer Charles Frohman waited to learn if he had a hit or a disaster. Finally a cable came: Peter Pan was an overwhelming success. The critics were impressed, and an audience full of children had been enthralled. In fact, many of them ran out of the theatre screaming because they were so frightened by Captain Hook, who was played by Gerald du Maurier (Sylvia’s brother).

Disaster Things seemed to be perfect, but then, in 1906, disaster struck.

Arthur (the boys’ father) died of cancer; and Sylvia died shortly afterwards. Barrie took care of the boys, and paid for their education and everything. They became Barrie’s “lost boys”.

Meanwhile, the Peter Pan story continued to develop. The tale of Peter Pan as a baby, originally published in The Little White Bird, was now available in a separate children’s book edition, called Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, with illustrations by Arthur Rackham.

The script of the play was published under the title Peter Pan, the Boy Who Wouldn’t Grow Up; and eventually Barrie wrote a novel about the story in a book called Peter and Wendy. He ended this volume with a new scene in which Peter comes back to Wendy’s window years later, and discovers she is all grown up.

More Tragedy But once again tragedy struck. In March 1916, George was killed in World War I. Gerald (Sylvia’s brother who played Captain Hook) also died. Charles Frohman drowned shortly afterwards in the sinking of the Luisitania. And, worst of all, Michael died on his 21st birthday, drowned in a boating accident.

Barrie never fully recovered from Michael’s loss and almost lost the will to live. Barrie eventually died in 1937, with Peter and Nico at his bedside. “To die will be an awfully big adventure,” Barrie once wrote in the voice of Peter Pan. In his will, Barrie left the Peter Pan royalties to the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children.

GLOSSARY overwhelmed adj very, very sad grief n sadness to whistle vb to make music by blowing out air through your mouth to bring someone back to life exp to make a dead person alive again to stunt your own development exp to stop your growth everlasting adj that lasts forever to waggle your ears exp to make your ears move a nanny n a woman who looks after young children in a rich person’s house to befriend vb to make friends with someone a fairy n an imaginary little person who knows magic by chance exp accidentally to win the affection of someone exp to make someone like you to play-act vb to play the part of someone as part of a game a shabby street n a street that is not in good condition

the opening night n the night when a play is first shown to the public a hit n a success a cable n a telegram an overwhelming success n a big success enthralled adj really impressed the script of the play n the text of a play to sink vb if a boat “sinks”, it goes to the bottom of the ocean the Luisitania n a famous American passenger ship that sank during WWI before America was in the war a will n a legal document that says who will receive your money when you die a royalty n money that artists receive for their work/music/writing, etc to commission vb to arrange for someone to do a piece of work for you a fate n your “fate” is the thing that must happen to you

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45

J.M. BARRIE

The Llewelyn Davies boys would be the inspiration for much of Barrie’s later work. Barrie’s novel The Little White Bird (1902) is based upon Barrie’s relationship with George. In the story, a man called Captain W. meets a little boy called Peter in Kensington Gardens. And the rest of the book is about the captain’s attempts to win the affections of both the boy and his beautiful mother.

In 1900, Sylvia gave birth to Michael (he would become Barrie’s favourite); and in 1903, she became pregnant with Nicholas (called Nico), her fifth and final child. The day before Nico’s birth, Barrie started work on the theatre play Peter Pan. Unlike baby Peter in The Little White Bird, this Peter would be an older boy who lived in distant Never Land (called “Neverland” or “Never-never Land” in some editions), where he had adventures just like the ones that Barrie had so often play-acted with Sylvia’s children.

Barrie set the first scene of the book in the Darling’s house in a shabby street in Bloomsbury. The beautiful Mrs Darling was modelled on Sylvia, and the angry Mr Darling, rather unfairly, on Arthur, her husband.

Hot Staff Directors Managing Director Thorley Russell (00 34 91 543 3573) thorley@learnhotenglish.com

ANSWERS

Answers UK / US WORDS

1. Highway = main road / motorway 2. Gas station = garage 3. Gas = petrol 4. Liquor store = off-licence 5. Liquor = alcohol / booze 6. Guy = bloke 7. Bum = tramp 8. Hamburger meat = mince/minced meat 9. Jello = jelly 10. Trash can = rubbish bin

Editorial Director Andy Coney (00 34 91 543 3573) andy@learnhotenglish.com

BODY TRIVIA

1A 2C 3F 4D 5J 6B 7L 8G 9E 10I 11H 12K

Finance

WORDSEARCH

Financial Director Leigh Dante (00 34 91 549 8523) leigh@learnhotenglish.com Classes Department (00 34 91 455 0273) classes@learnhotenglish.com Teacher Coordinator teacherinfo@learnhotenglish.com Accounts manager classes@learnhotenglish.com

DR FINGERS’ PRONUNCIATION

1Am 2Br 3Am 4Am 5Br 6Br 7Br 8Am 9Br 10Am 11Am 12 Am 13 Am 14Br 15Br 16 Am 17 Am 18Am 19Br 20Br 1. I’d like to have a beer.

2. Let’s sit in the shade.

3. This answer doesn’t look right.

4. He is a hard worker.

5. Do you want to borrow my hat?

6. Has he got a beard?

7. I gave it to Dave.

8. You have to change gear.

9. We want to turn here.

10. That man has an axe.

11. Can you hear what I’m saying?

12. I have a terrible pain in my arm.

13. What was that word that he used?

14. It’s in the bag.

15. There is a tear running down your cheek.

16. I don’t like the taste.

17. She was wearing a fur coat. 18. Brad works here.

19. I’ve bought the paper.

20. We’d like to make you an offer.

CRANK CALLS

Crank call I: We phoned the animal home because we didn’t want the puppy any more.

Crank call II: it is a mistake. The ad should have said, “call Amy” instead of “call am”.

23 LEGAL WORDS & EXPRESSIONS! 1 Gap-fill exercise 1. terms; 2. parties; 3. penalty; 4. right; 5. abide; 6. agreement; 7. breach; 8. liable; 9. liability 2 Sentence completion 1. contract; 2. draw; 3. sign; 4. clause; 5. court; 6. comply; 7. binding; 8. expires; 9. damages; 10. agreement; 11. liability; 12. warranty; 13. claim; 14. lawsuit

CROSSWORD

Administration Department Subscriptions (9:30-13:00) subs@learnhotenglish.com payments@learnhotenglish.com Credit control and administration 9:00 - 2pm (by e-mail thereafter) Office hours 10am to 6pm (Spanish time) Barcelona office (Hot English) barcelona@learnhotenglish.com

MATCHING

A9 B5 C1 D8 E11 F13 G10 H2 I12 J4 K14 L6 M3 N7

Seville office (Hot English)

BUSINESS DIALOGUES

Editorial Department

1. They are in trouble because the dancers are too expensive, their expenses are too high, they aren’t attracting customers, and they have been offering free champagne.

2. June suggests using male dancers.

Part II - exercise 1. in; 2. about; 3. with; 4. on; 5. of; 6. of Above board Smart alec Alma mater Backs Baker’s dozen Bacon Bobby

BRITISH BAR CHAT

1. One of the speakers says that there’s nothing on, there’s nothing decent, there are too many game shows and reality shows, and that the BBC has reduced the number of news programmes and dramas.

2. The other speaker likes television because there are lots of channels, there are lots of things to watch, the BBC shows good dramas and news programmes, and he thinks that television offers people entertainment.

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Peter Time proof reading Danielle Ott intern Georgina Brown intern Rayner Taylor intern Vanessa Simmonds writer Petra Bates writer Slim Pickens special intern Nick Hargreaves writer Printing Printerman Audio Production HEP ISSN 1577-7898 Depósito Legal M.14277.2001 February 2022 Published by Hot English Publishing, S.L. C/Extremadura, 21 - 1ª planta, oficina 1, Madrid 28011, Spain Phone: (00 34) 91 549 8523 Fax: (00 34) 672 317 912 info@learnhotenglish.com www.learnhotenglish.com www.learnhotenglish.com Skype: hotenglishgroup www.facebook.com/LearnHotEnglish www.twitter.com/learnhotenglish French material by Hot English: www.lekiosquenumerique.com Cover/magazine images:

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