Asian Glass AG19-5

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OFFICIAL MAGAZINE:

GLASSTECH ASIA JAKARTA

Inside:

Display glass forecasts Borosilicate markets ASEAN solar glass Thin glass facade development

PLUS!

news, views, analysis and much, much more!

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Contents: AG 19-5 Regulars

Features

6 Welcome

34 Display glass through the looking glass

A drive for smarter cities.

10 Headline News

Openings, closures and industry moves from across Asia.

Yogender Malik peers into the world of of display glass manufacture and takes a view on what future trends are going to shape investments and development…

44 ASEAN solar glass

16 Global View

Jahir Ahmed looks at how the flat glass manufacturers of the ASEAN – and indeed wider – region are looking towards the solar glass industry as a means for future expansion…

22 People and Places

56 Borosilicate glass and the business of health

Our eye on the international arena.

Movers and shakers, ups and downs.

26 Batch

Matthew Hancock of IHS Markit discusses the recent evolutions in the industry of this most fundamental of the glass raw materials…

30 Comment & Analysis Russia and China cement glass ties.

AG looks at how continued investment in the pharmaceutical packaging sector is driving demand for borosilicate glass.

66 Solar markets in the Middle East

Jürgen Neugebauer, Markus Wallner-Novak, Christian Wrulich, Marco Baumgartner, Simon Kalteis of the University of Applied Sciences, FH-Joanneum, Josef Ressel Centre for Thin Glass Technology for Structural Glass Application discuss developments in thin glass applications in the ever-evolving world of façade design..

56

Anaylsis 78 In Focus

Your favourite magazine is now available at the App Store…

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Analysis and insight into India.

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Asian Glass: now for mobiles, ipads and androids 4

asianglass AG 19-5

80 Window

84 Refractory Zone

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lobally, municipalities have been OFFICIAL MAGAZIN E: making a variety of smart city moves, all centrally controlled to improve safety, JAKARTA traffic congestion, energy-consumption and habitability.

In light of those advancements, the most glaring missed opportunity to reduce energy consumption and improve Inside: Display glass fore casts indoor habitability in smart cities is the use of the right kind Borosilicate markets ASEAN solar glas s of glass.

Thin glass facade development PLUS! news, views, ana lysis and much, muc Glass dominates the striking facades of the urban, built h more! environment but causes all manner of eyebrow-raising issues: 70% of a city’s electricity is consumed by buildings, and HVAC loads comprise 40% of a building’s energy use to compensate for the heat gain or loss through windows.

For this reason, coupled with rising temperatures and increasing concerns about global warming, glass towers are now the targets of lawmakers. There is a smarter solution to allay the legitimate downsides of all-glass or heavily glass-fronted structures so we can keep natural light while lessening environmental impact.

Stricter building energy codes have been driving the adoption of electrochromic glass (EC) in glass facade design to create “smart windows.” These windows sense the level and intensity of natural light, tinting automatically (or on demand) to moderate solar heat and glare.

At the same time, smart windows, based on chosen efficiency settings, differentiate light levels that let in needed warmth in winter months, and clear views to the outdoors when sunlight isn’t a liability to indoor, thermal and visual comfort.

The intelligence built into this type of smart window can adjust — at will, or automatically — for cloudy days or shadows from other buildings, depending on weather conditions or the time of day.

In a sense, it’s always the perfect time of day inside, whatever the conditions outside.

Smart windows also seamlessly integrate with existing and upcoming smart city technologies.

Through cloud connectivity, smart windows integrate with building networks and municipal infrastructures. By intelligently optimizing tinting in response to weather conditions, you can reduce the load on indoor lighting, heating and cooling systems, saving up to 20% in energy consumption.

By linking smart windows to a building’s HVAC system, the two systems work hand-in-hand to decrease energy demands on the utilities and smart grids. And an ever-growing library of cloud-based learning algorithms for smart windows improve performance over time, as the smart windows learn Simple voice commands or manual controls can be invoked to change the smart windows’ automatic tinting levels, overriding the weather data and roof-mounted sensors as needed, for special occasions or personal preferences. Each window has its own IP address, so an individual window can be modified while the rest are set to automatically respond to pre-set controls.

For smart cities aiming to effect real change, smart windows are clearly one of the most impactful elements for attaining greater sustainability without compromising comfortable conditions; enabling glass buildings and the environment to coexist in an intelligent, efficient, and natural way.

GLASSTECH ASIA

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ENT.indd 2

CONTACT DETAILS EDITORIAL Publishing Director Andy Skillen Email: askillen@asianglass.com Direct line: + 44 (0) 208 123 0196

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20/09/2019 11:18

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Got a general enquiry? use enquiries@asianglass.com 6

asianglass AG 19-5

HEAD OFFICE Bowhead Media Ltd, The Old Casino 28 Fourth Avenue Hove East Sussex, BN3 2PJ Asian Glass (ISSN: 1475-6501), is published by Bowhead Media Ltd, registered in the UK no: 6127651

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HEADLINE NEWS ASIA Tariff row with USA hits bottle exports China The U.S.-China tariffs dispute is impacting part of California’s wine industry — glass bottles, as the wineries are sourcing glass from new manufacturers to control costs, Xinhua reported.

“The glass from China has jumped up in price due to tariffs. Our production team is right now sourcing glass from other countries,” said Michael Parr, vice president of Wente Family Estates in Livermore, Northern California.

“We are going to walk away from glass manufacturers

in China and looking now to other countries or in the Unites States,” said Parr, who manages the international business for the oldest familyowned winery in California.

He said other wineries also are doing the same thing: canceling glass orders from China and trying to find other glass producers locally or from Mexico, the report said.

In an escalation of the trade tensions, Washington increased additional tariffs on US$200 billion worth of Chinese imports from 10 percent to 25

percent, and has threatened to raise tariffs on more Chinese imports. In response, China raised additional tariffs on a range of U.S. imports.

Most California wineries use bottles made in China, which are subject to tariffs from the United States and end up raising production costs, Stuart Spencer, executive director of Lodi Winegrape Commission, told Capital Public Radio.

“The environmental regulations and cost of producing glass in California has shifted in production to

Auto-glass imports under investigation India The government has initiated a probe into an alleged dumping of clear float glass, used in automobiles and refrigeration industries, from Malaysia following a complaint from domestic players.

The investigation is being conducted by the commerce ministry's arm Directorate General of Trade Remedies (DGTR).

In a notification, the directorate has said it has found sufficient evidence of dumping of the glass from Malaysia and its impact on the domestic industr y.

"The authority hereby initiates an investigation into the alleged dumping, and consequent injur y to the domestic industr y," it said.

In the probe, it would determine the existence and effect of the alleged dumping and recommend the amount of anti-dumping duty, which if levied, would be adequate to remove the injury to the domestic industry. ≠While DGTR recommends

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asianglass AG 19-5

the duty, the finance ministry will take the final call to impose the same.

The anti-dumping duty, if imposed, would help guard domestic players in the sector against cheap imports of the product.

The period of investigation is 2018-19. However, the data of 2015-18 would also be looked into by the directorate to understand the impact of imports.

Saint-Gobain India, Sisecam Flat Glass India, Gold Plus Glass Industries Ltd and Asahi India Glass had filed a joint application before the DGTR for initiation of anti-dumping investigation.

The glass have major uses in construction, refrigeration, mirror and automobile industries. It is a superior quality of glass.

Malaysia is a key trading partner of India in the Southeast Asian region. The bilateral trade between the countries increased to USD 17.25 billion in 2018-19 from USD 14.71 billion in 2017-18.

In international trade parlance, dumping happens when a country or a firm exports an item at a price lower than the price of that product in its domestic market.

Dumping impacts price of that product in the exporting country, hitting margins and profits of manufacturing firms.

According to global trade norms, a country is allowed to impose tariffs on such dumped products to provide a level-playing field to domestic manufacturers. The duty is imposed only after a thorough investigation by a quasi-judicial body, such as DGTR, in India.

In its probe, the directorate has to conclude whether the dumped products are impacting domestic industries.

Imposition of antidumping duty is permissible under the World Trade Organization(WTO) regime.

The duty is aimed at ensuring fair trading practices and creating a level-playing field for domestic producers vis-a-vis foreign producers and exporters.

China over the last 20 years,” he told the media outlet.

“And so, I think all wineries, regardless of size, are being affected by this as the cost of the glass continues to rise.”

California makes 81% of all U.S. wine and is the world’s 4th leading wine producer after France, Italy and Spain.

On the other hand, California’s wine industr y has lost revenues in the Chinese market because of the retaliator y tariffs from China. U.S. wines now face 93 percent in tax and tariff rates.

NEWS IN BRIEF The output of China's building materials sector expanded steadily in the first seven months, official data showed.

From January to July, major building materials all posted a rise in their output. The output of cement and flat glass registered a year-on-year growth of 7.2 percent and 7 percent, respectively, according to the National Development and Reform Commission. The output of cement increased by 7.5 percent year on year in July, while flat glass rose 5.5 percent. The data came as the property sector, a major consumer of cement and flat glass, saw growing investment in the first seven months.

China's investment in property development grew 10.6 percent year on year in the first seven months of 2019 to 7.28 trillion yuan (about 1.04 trillion U.S. dollars).

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AGC to construct new curved glass facility China Glazing specialist AGC has announced its decision to establish a new production plant at AGC Automotive (Suzhou) Suzhou Industrial Park - for the purpose of producing large 3D/ complex-shaped cover glass for in-car-mounted screens and displays. The facilities feature a fully-integrated production line, equipped with the latest technologies, that handles ever y stage of the process from optical thin coating to decorative printing and composite moulding of complex cur ved sur faces. Commercial sales will begin in 2022 for several vehicle models whose orders have already been secured.

Due to major changes in the automotive industr y, including autonomous driving, electrification and connected

technology, vehicle cockpits are expected to continue adopting innovative, dynamic design as they evolve into a digital lounge. Driven by this trend, car-mounted display cover glass is expected to increase in size, shapecomplexity, functionality, while at the same time, safe design is becoming a key demand as sizes increase. AGC has built up over 60 years of design expertise as a world-leading automotive glass company, which it draws on to supply customers with cover glass that delivers both high quality and safety.

In 2013, AGC became the world's first company to establish a production system for car-mounted display cover glass that fully integrates ever y stage from raw glass to final

processing, and launched the product for sale that year. In 2017, the company also began manufacturing and offering cur ved glass in addition to the already available flat glass, and now holds the distinction of top global market share.

Together with the two existing plants in Japan, the establishment of this new plant marks AGC's third production facility, thereby securing a framework that will enable the company to provide highquality glass on a global level.

AGC also plans to establish a new development centre specialising in new design and high functionality at its Keihin Plant in Japan in order to realise a system able to flexibly adapt to upcoming changes in cockpit design.

AGC's car-mounted display

cover glass has been adopted for more than 70 vehicle models (including the Audi A8 and Lexus RX), with total shipments expected to reach 20m units by September 2019.

AGC claims its cover glass for car-mounted displays contributes to achieving a 'sleek, unified dashboard design due to its gentle cur ve realized by AGC's proprietar y 3D cur ved sur face forming technology, and its decorative printing with tones that blend into the surroundings'.

High quality, it says, can be ensured through a fullyintegrated production process that covers ever ything from chemically strengthening glass, to forming, and applying the optical thin-film coating and sur face printing that inhibit glare and fingerprints.

Siam Glass Ayutthaya inaugurates new production line Thailand It was back in 2018, that SORG was awarded the contract by SIAM GLASS Industry Co., Ltd. (OSOTSPA GROUP) for the supply of a state-of-the-art glass melting plant, including a SORG® STW working end as well as two SORG 340S® and two SORG® 240 forehearths. By this, the plant in Ayutthaya, Thailand should be supplemented by a second production line.

In the middle of August, just last month, the inauguration ceremony for the new SORG endfired furnace was finally held at SIAM GLASS Ayutthaya was finally held. The SGA 2 furnace with a melting rate of 310 t/d was heated up in the presence of the senior management of the OSOTSPA Group. On the new production line, e.g. glass

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As part of the celebrations, to which political and industrial prominence from Thailand and Malaysia was invited, the customer has staged an extensive supporting program.

In addition, a new training center was inaugurated at the same time, which will be established at the new location. A model of the new SORG melting furnace is also on display there.

From left to right: Mr. Pratharn Chaiprasit, Mr. Hartmut Jaques, Mr. Petch Osathanugrah, Mr. Alexander Sorg, Mr. Thana Chaiprasit, Mr. Nukit Chonlacoop

bottles are made for the very popular energy drink M150.

This is the first Greenfield project for the SORG Company with this important customer in Thailand. Therefore, Mr.

Alexander Sorg personally attended the celebration and presented the owner, Mr. Petch Osathanugrah, with a glass art with congratulations for the inauguration.

AG 19-5 asianglass

9

News

DTI opens up to possible safety standard change Philippines The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) is open to amending Department Administrative Order (DAO) 19-05, which imposes mandatory standards on all flat glass, but definitely not on the certification and inspection aspect as the agency stressed the need to strictly enforce quality and safety given the proliferation of substandard construction glass, mostly from China, putting consumers’ safety at risk.

“Yes, we are open to amending/ revising it, but definitely not the certification and inspection,” said DTI Undersecretary Ruth Castelo.

Castelo said they are open to allowing international accredited laboratories to inspect and determine whether or not foreign suppliers meet Philippines standards. But she stressed that certification and inspection should still be done by the Bureau of Product Standards.

She explained that glass has become an integral part of modern architecture and construction just like steel and cement, which are placed under mandatory standards certification. As such, she said “usage safety and quality are imperative.”

However, the Makati Regional Trial Court issued a writ of preliminary injunction stopping the implementation of DAO 19-05 in May this year upon the petition of the local traders, who aggrieved by the technical regulation on float

glass trading.

Castelo admitted that the issuance of a court injunction against the implementation of DAO 19-05 has become a big setback on the agency’s crackdown against the proliferation of substandard construction glass, putting at risk the safety of consumers.

“Our hands are tied because the writ of injunction cannot be lifted pending completion of the presentation of evidence from both sides,” she said. Hearing on the case is still ongoing.

What DTI can do now is monitor the influx of uncertified glass saying, “We cannot enforce nor confiscate nor call their attention because compliance to the Philippine Standards is voluntary without the DAO.” Most countries also impose mandatory certification on glass product.

Pioneer Float Glass Manufacturing, Inc., the country’s lone glass manufacturer, is also certified by certification bodies from Malaysia (SIRIM) and Indonesia (SNI) for them to export their products to both countries.

Flat glass product was covered by mandatory certification prior to its delisting in 2015 due to claims that flat glass is only used as raw materials by glass processors, as such, does not pose risk to consumers accordingly. But DTI monitoring showed that flat glass products are also directly

distributed or offered for sale by glass suppliers and/or installers across all areas.

Thus, the technical regulation was issued to protect consumers from substandard glass products (flat, tempered, laminated, laminated safety and bent glass) that have been proliferating in the market.

Castelo also denied the issue of discrimination under the technical regulation, stressing the implementation of PS Licensing scheme for all manufacturers regardless of location (both foreign or local) actually promotes level playing field since they will all submit to the same certification procedures and requirements.

On the imposition of P20-million minimum capitalization, Castelo said this is intended to eradicate the fly-by-night importers. Most small and medium installers, processors and fabricators are exempted from this ruling, which protects them from buying from unaccredited suppliers. This requirement is also imposed in the importation of cement and steel products.

The DAO does not also add to the government bureaucratic red tape. In fact, she said, the first foreign manufacturer that applied for a PS License under DAO 19-05 was successfully processed and issued a license after 34 days, inclusive of factory audit and product testing.

Likewise, from April 2019 to present, BPS received and processed PS applications 11 foreign manufacturers and 17 local manufacturers consistent with the DAO 19-05. The submission and processing of 28 PS applications are contrary to the allegations that the requirements are burdensome since many were able to comply.

Finally, Castelo said the draft underwent public consultations and notification at the World Trade Organization. The DTI even agreed to extend the implementation of the DAO to August 8, 2019 instead of April 21, 2019 upon request by the industry. But traders filed for TRO and the Makati RTC issued the injunction in May this year.

With the massive infrastructure buildup under the “Build, Build, Build” Program of the government, the DTI deemed it necessary to implement stricter technical regulations for construction materials, such as but not limited to, cement, steel bars, BI/GI pipes, steel sheets, plywood, ceramic tiles, and glass products. Currently, the DTI has already issued new technical regulations for cement, steel bars and glass products.

On-going consultations are the draft technical regulations for BI/ GI pipes and Steel sheets, and for preparation of working drafts are plywood and ceramic tiles.

FPI could step in as glass inspector Philippines The Federation of Philippine Industries Inc. (FPI) has said it is now looking at intervening as third party on behalf of the government to re-implement mandatory inspection of all flat glass products in the country.

Importers of flat glass do not go through mandatory inspection following an injunction suspending the reinstatement of Department Administrative Order (DAO) 01905 issued by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), FPI chairman Jesus Arranza said in a press conference.

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asianglass AG 19-5

FPI counts as member Pioneer Float Glass Manufacturing Inc., the sole manufacturer of flat glass in the country. It produces 520 metric tons (MT) of flat glass daily.

Arranza said the local output caters to 40% to 45% of the national demand, while imported products accounts for 55% to 60. But imported glass sells 20% lower in the market.

The Makati Regional Trial Court issued on August 8 a writ of preliminary injunction stopping the implementation of DTI’s DAO 19-05, in response to cases filed

by glass importers. It stopped the mandatory inspection of flat glass products in the country in favor of voluntary screening.

“The reason … for placing products under mandatory standard is if these are considered life threatening. Meaning, its producers are required to submit their products to mandatory testing and certification for compliance to prescribed safety standards, before these can be sold to the public,” Arranza noted.

“I cannot reconcile, why flat glass would not be life threatening,

considering that many high rise buildings that dot the skyline of Metro Manila today are glass buildings,” he said.

Arranza said voluntary inspection would lead to the proliferation of substandard products in market, as there have been many cases even under the mandatory inspection regime.

Through the Office of Solicitor General, the DTI has filed a memorandum for reconsideration on the suspension of DAO 019-05 to able reimpose mandatory inspection.

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News

Gauzy and SER Glass combine on smart glass Israel/Brazil Brazilian glass fabricator SER Glass, Research Frontiers and Israeli material science company Gauzy Ltd. bring high volume armored smart glass and other smart window products to Brazil.

Research Frontiers Inc. and Israel-based material science company Gauzy Ltd. joined SER Company at a ceremony today in Sro Paulo, Brazil to commemorate SER becoming a licensee of Research Frontiers to produce SPD-SmartGlass for the Brazilian market with SPD light-control film manufactured

by Gauzy. The parties also announced today that SER has placed one of the largest known initial orders for SPD light-control film to date. All SPD film used to create LCG® (light control glass) for SER will be produced by Gauzy in Germany with monthly shipments beginning next month.

SPD-Smart light control film, invented and patented

by Research Frontiers, is a key component in SPDSmartGlass products. This film, using specially engineered nanoparticles, allows users to instantly, precisely and uniformly control the shading of glass or plastic products, either manually or automatically.

Products using Research Frontiers’ smart glass technology are being used in tens of thousands of cars, aircraft, yachts, trains, homes, offices, museums and other buildings.

Fabio Santos, President and CEO of SER, noted: “SER has brought many high-quality products to our customers in Brazil and Latin America, especially in the aftermarket for armored glass for automotive applications, and has now entered the architectural market. We specialize in highquality, high-end products for the most discerning customers.

SPD-SmartGlass offers the innovation and performance that our customers demand, and can increase the functionality of armored glass by reducing noise and temperatures inside the vehicle by up to 10єC, and increasing both comfort

12

asianglass AG 19-5

and security. Demand is quite high and we currently have a six month backlog of orders for our armored glass and we will be incorporating the SPD functionality right away in the glass we are producing for our best customers. We also plan to quickly expand into other markets and product areas for SPD-SmartGlass.”

Gauzy announced in February that it was building a new state-of-the-art factory line in Stuttgart Germany to produce SPD light-control film for the entire industry. This factory has the capacity to produce 1 million square meters of SPD film annually. SER is one of the first customers to receive Gauzy’s German-made SPD film, and to become an SPD Certified Partner of Gauzy’s, as part of its Partnership Program for glass fabricators worldwide.

Eyal Peso, President and CEO of Gauzy Ltd. noted: “Our core business philosophy is to work with the finest glass fabricators in the world, with a commitment to providing them with the best materials and training. SER successfully completed our robust training program and became a certified laminator for our high-performing films.

We are proud to align with this industry leader, and see Gauzy’s LCG® (Light Control Glass) technology integrated into SER’s expanding product line. We look forward to many successes between SER, Gauzy, and Research Frontiers Joseph M. Harary, President and CEO of Research Frontiers added: “We are quite enthusiastic about the high sales volumes from this relationship between SER and Gauzy, as well as the focused use of SPD-SmartGlass in the Brazilian market. Armored glass is prevalent here in Brazil, and the use of SPD-SmartGlass technology will enhance the security of vehicles and their occupants by adding tinting that blocks over 99.5% of light instantly and on demand, reduces heat, and provides unprecedented control, and better acoustics and privacy

inside the vehicle.”

The markets for SPDSmart film are already wellestablished. Research Frontiers has licensed over 40 chemical, film, and glass companies which are selling products for the automotive, aircraft, marine, train, museum, train and consumer electronics industries. Gauzy’s established and growing network of over 55 glass fabricators worldwide brings additional synergies, infrastructure, and growth opportunities to the smart glass industry.

Research Frontiers patented SPD-SmartGlass technology is the same best-selling smart window technology that can be found on various car models from Daimler, McLaren Automotive, and other auto makers.

The MAGIC SKY CONTROL feature, which is now in use on tens of thousands of MercedesBenz SLs, SLC/SLKs, Maybach and S-Class models around the world, and more recently on four announced McLaren models, uses patented SPD-SmartGlass technology developed by Research Frontiers to turn the roof transparent by electrically aligning tiny particles in a thin film within the glass.

With the touch of a button, drivers and passengers can instantly change the tint of their roof to help keep out harsh sunlight and heat, and create an open-air feeling even when the sunroof is closed.

Glass or plastic using Research Frontiers’ patented SPD-SmartGlass technology effectively blocks UV and infrared rays in both clear and darkly tinted modes, helping keep the cabin cooler, and protecting passengers and interiors while also enhancing security inside the vehicle.

These benefits become even more important when a car uses large surface areas of glass, especially in warm climates.

Some of the other benefits of SPD-SmartGlass include significant heat reduction inside the vehicle (by up to 18єF/10єC), UV protection, glare control,

reduced noise and reduced fuel consumption. Independent calculations also show that use of SPD-SmartGlass can reduce CO2 emissions by four grams per kilometer, and increase the driving range of electric vehicles by approximately 5.5 percent.

Shortly after its introduction into serial production in the automotive industry, SPDSmartGlass has become standard equipment on many different aircraft, and is also used in residential and commercial architectural applications, in trains, yachts and other marine vehicles, in display applications, and to protect light-sensitive artwork and documents in major museums around the world.

New container glass plant to start India India’s second largest producer of container glass, AGI Glasspac , a subsidiary of Hindustan sanitary ware Industry Limited (HSIL) is setting up a new container glass plant in the country.

Coming up with an investment of INR 3500 million, the new container glass plant will be located at Cuttack, in the state of Orissa. Currently, state of Orissa does not have any container glass production facility. The proposed plant will have an installed capacity of 130,000 tonnes of container glass per annum. The company has received environmental and other clearances for the project.

Currently, AGI Glasspac runs two container glass plants with an installed capacity of 1600 tonnes of container glass per day in the states of Telenagana and Andhra Pradesh ( both the states were called Andhra Pradesh before their bifurcation in 2014).

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New autoglass standard released Australia Standards Australia has ultimately released the revised version of AS2080:2019 Safety Glazing for Land Vehicles.

It was back in May 2018, that the Auto Glass Association (AGA) was successful in obtaining approval from Standards Australia for the ME-055 committee to conduct a review of the standard.

Rick Janssen, AGA President, said, “The AGA takes its role in our industry seriously. We represent all interests equally and have worked together toward common goals for the entire

industry. This is the second standards review the AGA has been responsible for initiating and once again, the AGA has played a significant key role in the revision of AS2080:2019 Safety Glazing for Land Vehicles.

AS2080:2019 is responsible for specifying requirements and testing methods for flat, curved toughened and laminated safety glass for windscreens and other glass for land vehicles.

The review has aligned the standard with the current Vehicle Standard (Australian Design

Rule 8/01- Safety Glazing Material 2005). The automotive glass replacement industry was adversely affected by conflicts across the standards.

Key areas the review focused on were; Luminous transmittance requirements, Resistance to radiation Fracture and adhesion.

The amendments also bring the standard in line with associated United Nations international standard (ECER43), which Australian law adopts.

The outcome promotes consistency and minimises

confusion and the document now accurately reflects the modern AGRR market.

"The revised document will increase consumer confidence in the auto glass repair industry and eliminate confusion amongst auto glaziers about which rules affect them.

Consumers are more familiar with Australian Standards than they are the Australian Design Rules so aligning the two will make it easier for them to interpret and understand" said Janssen.

Schott breaks ground on glass tube plant China German specialty glass and glass-ceramics manufacturer and supplier Schott is building a pharmaceutical glass tubing production facility in Jinyun, Zheijiang Province, China.

Plans were announced in October 2018 while the groundbreaking ceremony was held last month.

The plant is being developed to meet the increasing demand for Type 1 pharmaceutical tubing in China. It will create 300 new jobs and is expected to be completed by late 2020.

The project is a part of the company’s current expansion plans and is being developed alongside a melting tank in India and a new production facility in Switzerland.

The new pharmaceutical glass tubing production facility will be located in Jinyun County in the Zhejiang Province of China.

Schott has operated an existing Jinyun manufacturing site for 25 years. The site serves more than 200 customers and provides premium customer service.

Schott’s new pharmaceutical glass tubing production plant spans 113,000 sq metres and will manufacture Fiolax® glass tubing, which is a 5.0 middle borosilicate glass.

The facility will be equipped with the company’s most

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advanced production technology, consistent with its other global sites. Schott will invest €60m ($69.8m) in the facility’s first operational phase to achieve an annual production capacity of up to 20,000t.

The manufacturing process will use Schott’s perfeXion™ quality processing technology, which will adhere to the company’s global quality criteria and incorporate complete quality control for each individual tube.

Developed in 1911, the Fiolax Type I glass tube complies with all international pharmaceutical regulations. It is neutral, with low alkali and high hydrolytic contents making it resistant to chemicals.

The Fiolax glass tubes can be developed into various pharmaceutical containers such as flasks, syringes and ampoules. They are manufactured using an optoelectric measuring system, which monitors the production of each tube to ensure highquality products.

The glass tubing preserves the efficacy of medicine while its high hydrolytic resistance decreases contamination risks, leading to minimal packaging requirements.

Fiolax’s amber variant effectively protects contents

against UV radiation and shortwave visible light.

The tubes also offer optional glass-tube coating for protection against scratches, customised cutting of tube ends and

“The plant is being developed to meet the increasing demand for Type 1 pharmaceutical tubing in China.” packaging protection through Densopack® technology.

Schott’s perfeXion is a quality control technology used for transitioning each Fiolax tube from statistical quality control to complete inspection. The quality specifications of the original tube are conformed into the desired container shape using online inspection devices and integrated data analysis.

The technology facilitates consistent wall thickness in the

initial tube, enabling a definite hot-forming process in various sections of the container.

The process provides tightly defined inner diameters of the original tube, which safeguards constant gliding force with an improved dosing accuracy.

The complete inspection of each glass tube results in reduced yield loss during primary packaging. PerfeXion was among the top 15 innovations at the Medicine Maker Innovation Awards in 2016.

It was back in 1884 that Schott was founded by Otto Schott, Ernst Abbe and Carl Zeiss in Jena, Germany. Its parent company, Schott AG, is headquartered in Mainz, Germany, and is owned by the Carl Zeiss Foundation.

Schott serves several industries, including pharmaceuticals, automotive, electronics, life sciences and aviation. It has more than 15,500 employees at various sites and sales offices across 33 countries, with 5,550 located in Germany.

More than 86% of the company’s global sales are generated outside of Germany, with 46% from Europe, 24% from Asia, 24% from North America and 5% from South America.

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Global View DRS causes concerns for glass sector UNITED KINGDOM British Glass, the trade body for the UK glass industry, has written an open letter to the Scottish Environment Minister, Roseanna Cunningham, raising concerns about the inclusion of glass in Scotland’s deposit return scheme (DRS).

The Scottish Government revealed its plans for the DRS in May, proposing that the scheme will set a 20 pence deposit on all containers above 50 millilitres and up to three litres in size made from aluminium and steel, glass or PET plastic. This is known as an ‘all-in’ system, which is the form preferred by former Environment Secretar y Michael Gove for England’s proposed DRS. British Glass, however, has stated that glass should not be included in Scotland’s DRS, suggesting that the inclusion of glass will be counterproductive to the achievement of Scotland’s environmental ambitions and impact negatively on glass recycling.

The letter, published yesterday (28 August), highlights that glass – which is 100 per cent recyclable – is currently widely recycled in the UK, with 67 per cent of all glass bottles and jars

being collected for recycling.

The letter suggests that the inclusion of glass in the new DRS will disrupt the success of the current system, as the use of two different recycling systems will lead to consumer confusion.

British Glass also raises concerns about the additional cost of including glass in the DRS, due to its heavy weight and low value. According to the letter, Zero Waste Scotland has calculated that the inclusion of glass will increase the total cost of the DRS by around £25 million per year, whilst recent British Glass research has suggested that the additional costs could be around 2-3 times this figure.

The letter also states that the inclusion of glass in the DRS will cause disruption to the glass industry, as increased costs will reduce demand for glass containers.

British Glass proposes that the Scottish Government should instead focus on improving the current glass recycling system using funding from an extended producer responsibility scheme (EPR). The letter suggests that investment in kerbside collections and bottle bank

models would boost recycling figures and reduce the complexity of the DRS, stating: ‘We call on the Scottish Government and MSPs across Parliament to exclude glass from the DRS at this stage and consider an innovative approach which blends kerbside, EPR and bottle bank sites to recover the maximum amount of postconsumer glass.

‘The glass container sector and our partners in the wider drinks supply chain understand and accept the need for action. We will continue to work together with the Scottish Government and Zero Waste Scotland to develop the best possible glass recycling system for Scotland.’

The issues discussed in the letter echo some of the concerns that have been raised by local authorities.

The Local Authority Recycling Advisory Committee (LARAC) has previously questioned whether a DRS is necessary when 99 per cent of councils already collect plastic and glass bottles and aluminium and steel cans at the kerbside.

At a recent evidence session as part of Parliament’s Housing, Communities and

Local Government Committee’s inquiry into the government’s Resources and Waste Strategy, Dan Roberts, Vice Chair of LARAC, reiterated fears that a DRS would “cannibalise” the current system, depriving councils of revenue from the valuable materials collected at the kerbside. As opposed to an ‘all-in’ DRS, such as the proposed Scottish scheme, LARAC has expressed a preference for an ‘on-the-go’ DRS, which would accept items not captured by household recycling, such as disposable coffee cups.

Despite the unease amongst councils, the UK Government has recently confirmed its plans to follow in Scotland’s lead by introducing a DRS for drinks containers in England and Wales from 2023. Therese Coffey – now Minister of State at the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) – dismissed local authorities’ concerns, saying that a DRS would not threaten the sustainability of the kerbside system. Defra has not yet confirmed whether the DRS in England and Wales will be the ‘all-in’ or ‘on-the-go’ model.

Recycled glass packaging has limits raised UNITED STATES California’s legislature has passed a bill to temporarily increase permissible heavy metal limits in recycled glass packaging.

If signed into law by the governor, bill SB 232 would increase from 100 to 200 parts per million (ppm) the allowable levels of lead, cadmium, mercury and hexavalent chromium in such products until 1 January 2024. This

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reduce international import of exemption to the state’s Toxics recycled glass containers." in Packaging Prevention Act It would also bring California (TPPA) will only apply, though, in line with EU standards and where the levels of heavy metals the US’s Toxics in Packaging exceed 100ppm as a result of Clearinghouse (TPCH) the use of recycled materials. model law.

According to a bill analysis The measure has been backed prepared in the state’s Senate, the change is necessary by the California Manufacturers & Technology Association, because "incidental lead derived the European Container from recycled materials used in Glass Foundation, the Glass making glass may disincentivise Packaging Institute, as well as a domestic glass recycling and

workers' union and several beer and wine organisations.

The measure passed both legislative chambers without any dissenting votes.

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Trakia Glass comes online BULGARIA A new production furnace has been put into operation at the flat glass factory of Trakia Glass Bulgaria near Targovishte.

The investment is over 42 million euros.

The official ceremony today was attended by Minister of Economy Emil Karanikolov, Chief Executive Officer of Sisecam Holding Ahmed Kurman, MPs, Regional Governor and Mayor of Targovishte, partners and dozens of guests from the country and Turkey in September.

The facility is one of the three largest in the world and the largest production of flat glass in Europe. The holding's contribution to the economy of Bulgaria is about EUR 800 million, Ahmed Burman said.

According to him, "Sisecam" is already active in 14 countries and has 22,000 employees.

"It is a pleasure to attend the next investment in Bulgaria, and you have reached the stage where you can receive the" Investor of the Year "award each year, but it goes with the

Employer of the Year Award, Minister Karanikolov said.

Workers will always be the most valuable, and therefore thank them. "Thanks to you, Bulgaria ranks fifth in the EU in terms of economic growth and second place in wage growth. Bulgaria has reached record export levels - for the first three months of the year, we have a 9.5 percent growth in exports to the EU and a two-digit result for exports to third countries. The state makes it all possible to become more and more competitive, "the

Minister of Economy said.

The replacement of the plant at the Targovishte plant takes place for the first time since the plant was built in 2006.

The furnace capacity is 725 tons of melted glass for 24 hours. A new cooling installation with zero water loss was also introduced. It will keep the new furnace up to an average of 1,600 degrees, according to the plant's management.

At the Trakia Glass Bulgaria, near Turgovishte, there are now a total of four furnaces working.

Guardian schedules factory investments EUROPE Guardian Glass is to invest in the modernisation of float glass lines at two of its European production plants.

The float glass production line in Goole, UK, will be upgraded as the existing furnace nears the end of its lifecycle.

The upgrade is expected to be performed in the beginning of 2021.

The new float glass furnace is planned to have a nominal melting capacity of 825 metric

tonnes per day – an increase of 20% compared to the existing furnace.

Due to an optimised design, the furnace energy efficiency as well as the environmental performance of the new line are expected to improve on a per tonne basis.

The new float glass line in Goole will continue to service customers in the UK and Ireland, providing them with float, coated and laminated glass products.

Guardian Glass is also investing in its production plant in Oroshaza, Hungary.

The existing float glass furnace will be repaired in the second half of 2020.

This project, together with its two production plants in Częstochowa, Poland – one float glass line was recently repaired and upgraded and a second one is currently under construction – will ensure that the company continues to support demand

for float, coated and laminated glass products for customers in Eastern Europe.

Guus Boekhoudt, Vice President of Guardian Glass Europe, Russia and Asia & Managing Director, Guardian Europe said: “Glass demand is continuing to grow in Europe and these investments will ensure the supply to our customers, essential to developing and maintaining our strong partnerships.”

O-I to have “indefinite” lay-offs at Waco plant UNITED STATES Local media have reported that about 75 employees will be laid off indefinitely during a 14-day period beginning on Nov. 7 as the company shuts down one of the furnaces at the plant at 5200 Beverly Dr. "With continued softer demand in the U.S. across the beer category, O-I plans to idle one of the furnaces it uses to manufacture glass containers at its Waco facility for an indefinite duration,” company spokesperson Leslie Orozco said in an email.

“This particular furnace is dedicated 100% to producing beer bottles. The remaining

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furnaces will continue to produce some beer as well as spirit and food glass packaging."

With about 350 workers, the plant is one of the city’s larger employers.

According to sources with knowledge of the situation told media that the workers affected by the layoff are all members of Dist. 13 of the United Steel Workers Union.

On Aug. 2 the company reported second quarter net sales of $1.8 billion.

“Earnings fell short of management’s guidance as sales volumes were essentially flat with last year compared

to our expectation of modest growth. Despite encouraging demand trends in April and May, June shipments were softer than anticipated including the impact of extreme weather conditions in Europe,” CEO Andres Lopez said at the time.

“We also incurred higher than expected costs in the Americas related to the commissioning of a furnace at a joint venture as well as unplanned downtime due to flooding and weatherrelated issues. While 2019 is turning out to be a difficult year, we believe many of these factors are temporary and we are taking action to

accelerate performance.”

News, views and analysis

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Libbey unveils reorganisation intentions UNITED STATES Toledo-based glass tableware maker Libbey Inc. has announced it plans to enact an organization realignment of the company that could reduce its costs annually between US$9 and US$11 million.

However, it was unclear what things the company plans to do and whether it would affect its manufacturing operations, its hourly workforce, or its salaried management.

In a statement in early September, Libbey said it would implement “transformational actions and structural changes” to lower its costs, resulting in a simplified organization best positioned for key financial and operational priorities.

Those changes include creating a company better aligned so it can utilize its glass-making expertise.

Also, centralizing management that oversees its manufacturing operations and supply chain.

Libbey also plans to move further into e-commerce and create a new global marketing organization to take advantage

of digital marketing to its food service and retail customers.

It said it would take steps to simplify decision-making to make the company more agile and responsive. And lastly, it will use its expertise to grow business in its U.S., Canadian, and Latin America sales regions.

As part of the changes, Jim Burmeister, the company’s chief financial officer, was named chief operating officer effective Oct. 1. He will now oversee Libbey’s manufacturing, engineering, and supply chain operations.

Pat Gallagher, sub-district 1 director for the United Steelworkers union, which represents nearly 700 workers at Libbey’s Toledo glass-making plant, said the union read the company’s planned changes but doesn’t know what they mean for hourly workers.

“They’ve been in an obvious state of flux for a long period of time. First Bill Foley was the CEO and then he left and they brought in a new CEO (in February), Mike Bauer,” Mr. Gallagher said.

“But we don’t know where they’re at. We’re trying to get a meeting with them to find out where they’re at with this,” he said.

Mr. Gallagher said he was unsure if the organization realignment was intended to raise capital, reassure investors, or change the direction of the company.

“They’ve got a new guy in charge. But they haven’t said anything to us about anything,” the union leader added.

Mr. Bauer has a reputation as a brand marketing expert. He has over 30 years of experience with companies involved in making consumer products and had been president of Master Lock Co. since 2014 where he was responsible for all aspects of the Milwaukee-based company’s locks, safes, and other mechanical, electro-mechanical, and digital security products.

Before joining Master Lock, he was president of another Fortune Brands subsidiary, the U.S. business operations of Moen

faucets, sinks, bath accessories, and bath safety products.

In early August in a call with Wall Street analysts, Mr. Bauer hinted that Libbey might be making some big changes soon.

The CEO said that going forward Libbey would focus on partnering with food-service distributors and end users and that the company had opportunities to reach and influence restaurant operators.

Also, Libbey would expand into growing segments where it is under-represented: health care and hospitality.

Mr. Bauer also said that he believes Libbey never fully integrated three acquisitions, Crisa, Syracuse, and World Tableware, to create synergies and eliminate redundancies. He planned to do so in the future.

Also, Libbey needs a world supply chain, instead of a regionally-focused one, and the company must make sure that all its assets and investments are aligned with the Libbey’s priorities and providing adequate financial returns.ce.”

Verallia starts IPO process FRANCE Glass bottle maker Verallia has indicated that is had begun the process for an initial public offering in Paris.

Verallia, controlled since 2015

by US investment company Apollo, said the French stock market regulator had approved its IPO registration document.

The plans for a listing remain dependent on favourable market conditions, the company has said.

Michel Giannuzzi, Chairman and CEO of Verallia, said: “Verallia can leverage strong assets: glass packaging that benefits from favourable trends and an

attractive geographic and end market mix.

"Its high-performance and flexible industrial base offers personalised and premium products, a segment that is growing steadily.

"The consistent improvement of Verallia’s results over the

last three years testifies to the relevance of its business model and strategy.

"The IPO will enable the company to increase its visibility among its customers and partners and provide it with greater flexibility to seize future growth opportunities."

HIG completes Nadir purchase BRAZIL HIG Capital has bought Brazilian glass tableware manufacturer Nadir Figueiredo Indústria e Comércio, in a deal valued at close to R$1bn ($238m).

The 107-year-old company was founded in São Paulo and produces a range of glassware products including glasses, wine glasses, kitchen and dinnerware.

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Nadir markets in products to around 1,200 retail and commercial clients in Brazil and 62 other countries.

The company has claimed that its products can be found in nearly every household across all Brazilian states.

HIG managing director and head of Brazil and Latin America Fernando Marques Oliveira

said, “We are very pleased to have completed the acquisition of Nadir Figueiredo. Morvan Figueiredo, José Eduardo Vidigal, and the management team have done an outstanding job in the last decades of building a truly unique industrial platform.”

“We are very gratified to entrust Nadir’s future to HIG Capital.

HIG’s solid track record and

long-term view will add value to the company founded by our family more than 100 years ago,” said Morvan Figueiredo and José Eduardo Vidigal Pontes.

Earlier this year, the firm bought a controlling stake in forged brass and aluminium industrial components maker Metalprint.

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People and Places

Hegla takes majority stake in Taifin Finland The German HEGLA Group announced that on 5 September 2019 in Nokia, Finland, it signed a sales agreement with the current stockholders of TAIFIN Glass Machinery Oy regarding the majority of the company’s share capital. HEGLA will take over 51% of TAIFIN’s stock and the company will conduct its future business under the name HEGLA-TAIFIN Oy. “We are pleased to have found a young, dynamic, and innovative partner company in TAIFIN, who have already established themselves as leaders in the automotive and architectural glass tempering furnace segment with their high-quality safety glass furnaces and unique pressbending technology,” said Jochen H. Hesselbach, CEO of the HEGLA Group. With immediate effect, TAIFIN will use the international sales and service infrastructure of HEGLA Group to provide customers with perfect service in sales, consulting, maintenance, and long-term spare parts supply.

Bernhard Hötger, COO of the HEGLA Group, is looking forward to his partnership with the new team at TAIFIN and reported that many of HEGLA’s customers have asked the company to provide integrated solutions and optimised logistics for smart glass placement on furnace racks as part of their projects.

In conjunction with the marking

Jarno Nieminen (Managing Director for Sales HEGLA-TAIFIN), Esa Lammi (Managing Director HEGLA-TAIFIN), Jukka Sääksi (Managing Director HEGLA-TAIFIN), Jochen H. Hesselbach (CEO of the HEGLA Group) and Bernhard Hötger (COO of the HEGLA Group)

options provided by HEGLAboraident and the software solutions of HEGLA-HANIC, HEGLA aspires to provide customers in the future with optimised, fully integrated production processes and shop floor logistics that have been tailored to suit their needs. This will give customers the opportunity to generate far more value thanks to optimised production processes. The HEGLA Group’s portfolio is rounded out by its proven, reliable, and long-term partnerships with customers, which feature long-term service and spare parts supply alongside personal consultation, according to Managing Director Hötger.

In future, the founders and owners of TAIFIN Oy, Mr Esa

Lammi, Mr Jukka Sääksi, and Mr Jarno Nieminen, will continue to actively manage and further develop HEGALTAIFIN as managing directors and shareholders. “We are happy that today in Nokia, on the occasion of our company’s 10th anniversary, we are able to announce the joint venture with HEGLA. Our partnership with HEGLA means that TAIFIN will now be able to progress on its successful course even faster and reach new customers in international markets together with the other companies in the HEGLA Group,” said TAIFIN Managing Directors Esa Lammi and Jukka Saaksi.

Jarno Nieminen, Sales Director at TAIFIN, is looking forward

to having direct access to the international sales network of the HEGLA subsidiaries and HEGLA’s international sales agencies and partners, now that TAIFIN has entered the HEGLA Group.

“Up until now, we have been perceived as a manufacturer of extremely high-quality safety glass furnaces with cuttingedge technology, primarily for the automotive sector. Through our partnership with the HEGLA Group, we will now be able to offer our expertise directly to architectural glass customers,” he said.

The requirements of future markets in both the automotive and construction glass sectors will be ever more varied in terms of glass thickness and the safety, transparency, digitalisation, workability, and finishing of coated and technically highquality glass. This is why, for HEGLA management, the next logical step was to continue to expand the Group’s product range and pool the additional knowledge and know-how within the HEGLA Group to the advantage of the company’s customers, Mr Hesselbach explained. HEGLA-TAIFIN is an important step towards the HEGLA Group becoming a single source for machinery and service for the glass manufacturing and finishing industry.

Ramsey Products names new CEO United States Ramsey Products has appointed Mark Taylor as the company’s new CEO. Taylor succeeds William Hall who will continue in the role of Chairman of Ramsey’s Board.

Taylor joins Ramsey with a wealth of business experience from a diverse background in manufacturing and industrial environments. Most recently, Taylor was Division President of a North Carolina based waste and recycling equipment manufacturer. Taylor holds a degree in Mechanical

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Engineering from NC State University and an MBA from

Harvard Business School. His responsibilities at Ramsey include developing and implementing the company’s strategy, leading the dayto-day management of the organization, working with the various departments from manufacturing to sales, and continuing to grow the company.

“We were initially attracted by the breadth of Mark’s professional experience, having successfully managed and led companies in a variety of different industries,” states

Hall. “When we interviewed him we quickly realized he had the personal qualities we were seeking and knew he would be a great CEO for Ramsey.”

When asked why he chose Ramsey, Taylor said, “I wanted to be part of a small successful US manufacturing company where I could utilize the experience I have gained in similar industries. I am happy for the opportunity to lead an incredible team that thrives on serving customers and innovating new products.”

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Vitrum promises “record numbers” italy According to the organisers, Vitrum 2019 promises to be a sold-out event, with even more encouraging numbers than for the previous edition “The numbers are overwhelmingly positive,” observes Vitrum President Dino Zandonella Necca; “the confirmed space for this edition is 8% higher than in 2017 and there has been a 5% rise in the number of exhibitors, including 41 new companies that have never exhibited here or are returning to Vitrum after two or more years of absence. These data are a reflection of the immense effort begun at the previous edition to construct a perfectly planned trade show experience based on the needs of industry professionals”.

An updated file is available on the Vitrum website listing the exhibitors who have confirmed their participation, each one with its own Specialized information: The 12 Vitrum Specialized

logos – quintessential innovation for Vitrum 2019 – are extremely popular with exhibitors, who have understood and embraced the strategic importance of the themed pathways in channeling visitor interest.

Expectations are also high surrounding the hosted buyers, the most numerous contingent of international Top Buyers in the show’s history, made possible through the support of the Ministry of Economic Development and ITA [Italian Trade Agency], boosting the sales opportunities for all exhibitors at the show.

The On-line Catalog of Exhibitors at Vitrum 2019 is also now available, where specific searches can be conducted based on company name and keywords. The “Save in My Notebook” function that appears in all the exhibitor profiles makes it possible for visitors to save company names of interest for easier consultation and more

efficient organization of their time at the show.

Industry professionals can request their free Vitrum admission pass online too.

“Among the many noteworthy innovations for the 2019 edition are the Start-Up Area, dedicated to technological and production innovations for the entire glass supply chain; and the Agents and Dealers Area, a space set aside for Agents, Representatives and International Manufacturers,” explains Vitrum Director Laura Biason. “The MatchMaking platform is active again this year, another means of facilitating and enhancing the opportunities for industry professionals to do business, make contacts and schedule meetings based on their categories of interest”, concludes Biason.

A series of in-depth Seminars and Workshops on key topics of general and specific interest to the world of glass further enhances the show, along with

Bovone opens new US branch United States Bovone, an Italian manufacturer of solutions and technologies for the second processing of flat glass and naturaland synthetic stones, announces for 2020 the opening of a new branch in the United States intended to serve the North American markets.

The new headquarters is a strategic decision aimed to answer market demand, in synergy with Bovone’s technology distributor in the area, Salem Distributing Company. The new headquarters will consolidate the presence of the brand in a market that, year after year, continues to value made in Italy technologies.

The location of the American headquarters is North Carolina, a state with a rich history in the furniture industry (it is the largest manufacturer of residential furniture in the USA), a leading sector for glass. In addition, North Carolina has ranked as one of the top five pro-business states by the US economy and finance

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magazine, Forbes.

The company has finalized the purchase of the building whose spaces will be divided and organized to accommodate commercial offices, a spare parts warehouse and a mechanical workshop for overhauls. The new headquarters, which will be 100% operational from 2020 onwards, will be strategically located to best serve our customers from a logistics perspective.

The networking initiated by the company during the due diligence phases of this intense site location process, has generated numerous relationships with main universities in the state, that are critical for the training and skills needed for the recruitment of motivated and competent employees.

Staff will be guided by a precise and clear vision of intent, based on the principles of providing excellent customer service to existing commercial clients along

with actively developing new prospects. With this new location, Bovone says that it will be able to guarantee faster response times and even more efficient sales support as the company will be investing in sales support activities that align with the demand for quick, accurate answers to the questions customers, have.

"We are excited about this new venture," says Federica Bovone.

"Bovone has been successfully selling its machines in the US for 45 years and the time has come that we expand into this market with a physical location so we can continue to effectively and efficiently meet the demands of our loyal customer base.

Thanks to all who made this project possible and a special thank you to the local economic development organizations and the Economic Development Partnership of North Carolina who helped us navigate this complex process."

a pervasive cultural exhibit that will delight exhibitors and visitors alike with glass works by internationally famed artists.

Also on the calendar is the “What’s hot in glass processing” event, set to take place October 2nd at 2:30 pm in the brandnew Meeting Area in Pavilion 7 where companies will present their latest innovations and technologies to the Vitrum audience. Especially popular in 2017 and, given the list

NEWS IN BRIEF Tiama, Emhart and other major glass industry players are collaborating to define a standard for laser marks on glass containers. This standardization ensures a worldwide unique laser code on each glass container. To facilitate such a standard, Tiama grants Bucher Emhart Glass a royalty to its patents, which secure the possibility to include information about the originating cavity and/ or mold number in the laser mark on the glass container.This standard code will enable the traceability of each glass container through its whole lifecycle herewith giving many benefits to consumers, glass producers, fillers and other glass industry players. These benefits will increase the competitiveness of glass as the preferred and sustainable packaging material even further.

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BRITISH ABRASIVES FEDERATION SAFETY | INFORMATION | REPRESENTATION

News

Batch

Soda Ash: a sector in focus Matthew Hancock of IHS Markit discusses the recent evolutions in the industry of this most fundamental of the glass raw materials…

Million Metric Tons

this outlook. China’s domestic soda ash market had already been The soda ash industry has seen its fair share of turbulence over the experiencing volatility throughout 2017. A major cause of this volatility past few years with changes in both supply and demand impacting was the imposition of government environmental checks across a soda ash prices in all regions. The market moved from a position number of China’s industrial sectors including soda ash and some of before the turn of 2018, where it was believed the world would its downstream sectors such as flat glass. The aim of this initiative be oversupplied with soda ash, to a position at the turn of 2019, was to improve the environmental sustainability of these industries were the opposite was true, and as such, prices for soda ash rose and in the words of China’s President Xi Jinping build a “Beautiful sharply. A major factor in this turn around was the unprecedented China”. As a result, both supply and demand for soda ash were growth in demand for soda ash in Asia, particularly South-East Asia disrupted through 2017 and 2018 leading to volatility in prices. At the and the Indian Subcontinent, where demand grew by 8.5% and 5.3% same time higher energy prices ate away at supplier’s margins making respectively in 2018. World soda ash demand growth excluding China suppliers less competitive in the export market and also more inclined in 2018 was 2.9%, which is also higher than average. In South-East to reduce output to keep the market tight and sustain higher prices.

Asia the source of this new demand came primarily from the flat glass As a result of these two factors, Chinese soda ash exports reached sector, underlining this industry’s impact on the soda ash market. their lowest point since 2003 both in terms of absolute exports and It’s a similar story in the Indian Subcontinent where, despite the fact net exports (exports minus imports). In fact, China’s net exports fell that the soaps and detergents industry remains by far the region’s from 1.8 million mt in 2016 to 1.4 million mt in 2017 and then 1.1 largest end use sector, demand from the flat glass and container glass million mt in 2018. sectors is continuing to rise apace.

Whilst supply from China was declining, demand in South East Asia, The recent history of the soda ash industry has centred around traditionally a major recipient of Chinese soda ash began rising rapidly.

Turkey, and the Ciner Group’s move to build a new 2.5 million mt soda In 2018, exports from China to the South-East Asia Region fell from ash plant at Kazan close to the country’s capital Ankara with a start736,000 mt to 654,000 mt, whilst demand in the region rose by 8.5%. up date of September 2017. Production at the site is based on the A big driver of this increase in demand was a wave of new flat glass processing of Trona, extracted via solution mining, and as such has capacity in the region, much of which was either Chinese owned or a low cost of production compared to most other soda ash sources, had some Chinese involvement. Increased environmental scrutiny in particularly those producing soda ash synthetically. With low freight China and lower energy costs in other parts of Asia provided an added costs to the group’s port facilities at Derince, Ciner had the potential incentive for Chinese producers to build capacity outside of China. The to export soda ash from Kazan competitively, to most major importing region saw capacity increases from Chinese groups Xinyi and Kibing regions. Turkey’s 1.1 million mt of domestic demand was already Glass in Malaysia, Chai Lai Float Glass and Phu My Float Glass in more than served by Ciner’s plant at Beypazar`i, were capacity also Vietnam and Bangkok Flat Glass in Thailand amongst others. In fact, rose in 2017 from 1.0 million mt to 1.5 million mt. There is also a despite growth in most end use sectors in South East Asia, new soda 1.35 million mt synthetic soda ash plant in Mersin, southern Turkey ash demand from the flat glass and container glass sectors between owned by Sisecam. This means that all of the new capacity in Turkey 2016 and 2018 made up 82% or 362,000 mt of all new demand in was destined for export. the region over that period.

With so much new soda ash capacity available to the export market, Rapid demand growth has not only been confined to South East Asia soda ash producers and consumers alike began to see the potential however, with the Indian Subcontinent in particular also seeing soda for oversupply in the market. When contract negotiations began at the ash demand growing rapidly over this period. Much of this growth is end of 2017 buyers were keen to retain market share and as such found in India. As India’s economy continues to expand, the country’s prices in some key regions fell. It should be noted that the impact of demand for flat glass, particularly from the construction industry this new supply was somewhat mitigated by delay’s in the start-up date has also grown, at the Kazan plant. driven for the need Initially the plan was Turkish Annual Soda Ash Exports for new housing. To to bring onstream the meet this demand a full 2.5 million mt of 4.00 number of producers new capacity by the 3.50 such as Asahi, Saint end of September Gobain and Gold Plus 2017. In reality the 3.00 have opened new plant only ramped 2.50 float lines in India. up to full production Growing economic mid-way through 2.00 activity has also 2018. Despite these meant increases in delays, exports from 1.50 disposable incomes, Turkey increased 1.00 which in turn has from 1.3 million mt in driven growth in 2016 to 1.9 million 0.50 the container glass mt in 2017 before 0.00 sector.

Container reaching 3.5 million 2015 2016 2017 2018 mt in 2018. glass demand What market may also have participants had not benefited from Europe AME Indian Subcontinent North America Northeast Asia South America Southeast Asia anticipated however, India’s hardening was the impact that stance towards Source: IHS Markit © 2019 IHS Markit China would have on the use of plastic

26

asianglass

What market participants had not anticipated however, was the impact that China would have on this outlook. China’s domestic soda ash market had already been experiencing volatility throughout 2017. A major cause of this volatility was the imposition of government environmental checks across a number AG 19-5 of China’s industrial sectors including soda ash and some of its downstream sectors such as flat glass.

The aim of this initiative was to improve the environmental sustainability of these industries and in the

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2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

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Million Metric Tons

ash prices. This is containers due to China vs US Soda Ash Exports to Asia because after Kazan, their environmental there are no major impact, although the 3.00 soda ash capacity full extent of this Note: Exports to Asia includes exports to India Subcontinent expansion plans shift may not become 2.50 in the near future, fully apparent for outside of India some time. Together, 2.00 and China. There the flat glass and are also further container glass 1.50 plans to implement sectors added a more environmental further 106,000 mt 1.00 checks on the of extra soda ash Chinese industry demand between 0.50 Turkish 2018 Exports to Asia = 622,000 mt by the country’s 2016 and 2018, government. with India’s soda 0.00 Although it’s unclear ash demand as a whether this will whole increasing by impact supply more 387,000 mt over that U.S. China than demand, it’s period. likely that volatility Soda ash demand Source: IHS Markit © 2019 IHS Markit in this market will has also been robust remain. beyond Asia.

In Looking forward the trend for increasing soda ash prices is likely to continue, and many feel that the Solvay did recently Europe for example period between 2016 and the present day was the last chance for a while to push for lower soda ash where, thanks to the announce an region’s tradition prices. This is because after Kazan, there are no major soda ash capacity expansion plans in the near increase of 500,000 of wine and beer future, outside of India and China. There are also further plans to implement more environmental mt of soda ash m a n u f a c t u r i n g , checks on the Chinese industry by the country’s government. Although it’s unclear whether this will capacity across its container glass impact supply more than demand, it’s likely that volatility in this market will remain. existing production dominates soda facilities through ash demand, growth debottlenecking has been helped by and efficiency increasingly warm improvements. weather and even However, due to the one-off factors like project’s modest the FIFA World Cup size and the fact driving sales of that it is spread over alcohol. Above trend a number of sites, economic growth its unlikely to have over the last couple a major impact on of years has also prices anywhere. helped flat glass Ciner has announced demand, as the a major new project construction industry in the US which, if it has strengthened. comes to fruition will This has led to the have a capacity of restart of idled 2.5 million mt. This capacity, such as however remains a recently announce an in increase of 500,000 of soda its of existing AGC’s plant in BoussoisSolvay and did Saint Gobain’s plant Aniche, both mt plan and ash willcapacity take a across number years to implement. production through debottlenecking and efficiency However, due thethis outlook is the ever more in France, and Sisecam’s recentlyfacilities purchased plant in Manfredonia Theimprovements. one major potential risktoto project’s modest size and the2.8% fact that it is spread a number of sites, its unlikely to have a major in Italy. Soda ash demand in West Europe grew in 2018, the overpessimistic outlook for the global economy. Although no one is fastest annual growth rate observed inanywhere. the regionCiner since whena major yet new forecasting recession thetoeconomies of a number of impact on prices has2011 announced project in atheglobal US which, if it comes the market was still rebounding from theafinancial crisis. regions are looking ever fruition will have capacity of 2.5 million mt. This however remains a plan and willmore take asusceptible number of to shocks. Isolated issues In South America, demand forimplement. soda ash as a raw material for the such as the US’s trade war with China, slow growth and political years to production of lithium carbonate also increased significantly as demand issues in Europe and even Brexit continue to destabilise the global for lithium batteries in the car and energy storage sectors continues economy. Flat glass demand is linked heavily to GDP growth through to grow. Soda ash demand in the region from this sector grew from the construction and auto industries and as such so is soda ash The one major riskistoexpected this outlook the everdemand. more pessimistic outlook for the global economy.

203,000 mt in 2016 to 276,000 mt inpotential 2018 and to is reach Although economies of of a number of regions looking 668,000 mt per annum by 2023.no one is yet forecasting a global recession the Regardless the outlook, theare past two years have proved very more susceptible to shocks.

Isolated such as the US’s trade war withash China, slow growth and supply from Turkey filling The combined impactever of declining soda ash exports fromissues China turbulent for the soda industry with new political particularly issues in Europe evenglass Brexitindustry, continue to destabilise economy. suppliers, Flat glass demand with rapid growth in demand, in and Asia’s the gapsthe leftglobal

by Chinese and demand growth in many have completely flipped isthe market outcomes in 2018 compared to regions outstripping expectations. linked heavily to GDP growth through the construction and auto industries and as such so is soda ash the initial outlook. As 2018 came to a close, the market, rather than demand. being oversupplied as expected, was balanced, and prices for 2019 IHS Markit hosted the World Soda Ash Conference in Cannes, Regardless the outlook, the past years have very turbulent for the soda24th ash industry with For further details on annual contracts in most regions of increased.

Soda ashtwo suppliers in proved France from September to 26th. newmargins supply from Turkey left prices

by Chinese suppliers, growth in many all regions who had seen eroded in filling 2018thebygaps lower the eventandordemand for information on regions our monthly and annual soda and often higher costs, argued thatexpectations. a price correction was required. ash services please contact Matthew Hancock, Principal outstripping Looking forward the trend for increasing soda ash prices is likely Analyst for soda ash at matthew.hancock@ihsmarkit.com FOLLOWING IN period BOX between 2016 and the to continue, and many feel that the +44 (0)20 3159 3728 th th IHSchance Markit hosted the World Sodafor Ashlower Conference present day was the last for a while to push soda in Cannes, France from September 24 to 26 . For further details on the event or for information on our monthly and annual soda ash services please

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asianglass AG 19-5

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News Anaylsis

News

30

China-Russia glass ties to strengthen?

E

uropeans are confronted with a growing number of Chinese brands present on the continent. But few know that the windshield on their cars was made by Russians working for Fuyao Group.

Fuyao, the world’s leading manufacturer of auto glass, is now steadily increasing production in its Russian subsidiary to meet growing demands from global auto makers in Europe.

“We expect our sales revenue to reach billions of rubles this year, representing a surge from 2016,” said Xie Zhi, vice president of Fuyao Russia.

The Russian subsidiary is Fuyao’s first overseas venture with a total investment of some 200 million U.S. dollars. It began production in 2013 with a designed annual capacity of 3 million car sets.

Surrounded by lush trees, the 130,000-square-meter Fuyao compound is located in an industrial park in Kaluga Oblast, about 160 km southwest of Moscow. Beside it sits a huge Volkswagen plant, which relies heavily on Fuyao auto glass.

In Fuyao’s enormous workshop, Russian employees in dark blue uniform work next to yellow industrial robots at the production line. Shuttling forklifts swiftly move wooden boxes of glass products from the production line to transport trucks.

“We decided to invest in Russia because the auto market here is big and we can supply our products to other European countries as well,” Xie said, adding that Russia is interested in Chinese investment and local authorities are always ready to lend a hand to Fuyao.

Chinese-Russian economic and trade cooperation has been expanding rapidly over recent years within the BRICS framework, the Belt and Road Initiative and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

According to the Chinese Ministry of Commerce, China’s direct investment in Russia topped 14 billion U.S. dollars at the end of 2016, holding its position as Russia’s

asianglass AG 19-5

fourth largest investment source.

Alexander Fokin, a logistics manager at Fuyao Russia visited Beijing, Shanghai and the company’s headquarters in east China’s Fuqing City during a regular training tour.

“I get along with my Chinese colleagues and I like working in Fuyao because I can grow together with the company,” said Fokin, who has been with Fuyao Russia from the beginning.

Fokin is one of the Russian employees that account for some 90 percent of the workforce.

“Fuyao has no specific requirements when hiring ordinary workers. Instead, we attach great significance to and spend great effort training them,” Xie said.

According to Xie, an ordinary worker could earn about 30,000 rubles (more than 500 dollars) a month, a higher-thanaverage wage in the industry.

Vladimir Panishchev from Uzbekistan has been working in Fuyao Russia for four years.

He lives with his wife and twin sons in the company’s dormitory, where he only needs to pay for utilities.

“I love my job and I feel happy here,” he said.

It is perhaps not surprising that, given the state of the trading relationship between the US and China, that the latter is cementing more advanced ties with Russia of course, and Russia is delighted.

With increased Chinese investment, and a political will to take on board any partner siding against “the western” economies, Russia is ripe for Chinese expansion both in terms of finished products – as with Fuyao – and machinery and equipment.

Russia wants to work with China to seek new areas of industrial cooperation as protectionism in the West is on the rise, Russian Industry and Trade Minister Denis Manturov has said.

“China continues to be Russia’s key strategic partner in the region. In my opinion, our relations are growing at a good pace, which cannot but make one happy,” he told Xinhua in a recent interview.

According to Russian data, Russia-China trade grew steadily this year, reaching nearly 60 billion U.S. dollars in the first seven months, up almost 30 percent from the same period last year.

“Russia’s trade with China this year and last year demonstrates the best performance in comparison with that between China and its other major trading partners, including the European Union, the United States, ASEAN, Japan and South Korea,” he said.

The dynamics of Russia-China trade is also higher than the growth rate of China’s foreign trade, the minister said.

“According to our estimates, there are all prerequisites for reaching 100 billion U.S. dollars in bilateral trade (this year).

The regions of our countries can seriously contribute to attaining this target,” Manturov said.

He mentioned Russia’s Far East, where 40 projects with a total investment of over 3 billion U.S. dollars are already being implemented with the participation of Chinese investors.

Russia-China industrial cooperation extends to aircraft building, shipbuilding, transport engineering, radio electronics, pharmaceuticals, chemical industry, metallurgy and others.

In the aviation industry, one of the main areas of cooperation is the joint program to create a wide-body long-haul aircraft, as well as the development of a civilian heavy helicopter, he said.

Manturov suggested expanding ties between Russian and Chinese enterprises in the aluminum sphere, including setting up joint ventures to manufacture cable products.

According to Manturov, the RussianChinese Investment Fund created in June 2012 has so far invested over 1.1 billion dollars in more than 25 projects.

“Only the consolidated position of our countries against the rapid growth in protectionist sentiments will help minimize economic risks,” Manturov said.

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ADVERTISER FEATURE

OCMI leads in glass tube inspection

32

Camera control systems to perform different types of inspections on borosilicate glass containers are the devices on which end-users extremely focus in order to minimize quality issues and get a better control on production.

These devices are nowadays mandatory in production lines, installed in hot-forming area to assist the machine operator to improve efficiency, or before final packing station to fulfil expectations of pharmaceutical laboratories.

The feedback coming from the end-users has been extremely important for OCMI-OTG, in order to progressively update the software if camera inspection system with new function and features aimed to manage any possible production need.

OPTISTEM/2 software has been improved recently to improve the accuracy of inspection by increasing the number of pictures capturable by the camera placed before unloading area. Now OPTISTEM/2 is able to collect 5 pictures of the same ampoule instead of 3 only. The main purpose is to increase the accuracy of the average value calculated for each dimension.

Furthermore, a new addition to second camera program allow to consider the individual picture value instead of average for the ampoule rejection.

On operator’s request, the ampoule can be rejected if the average value of one critical dimension is compliant but the value of only one picture is out of tolerance.

Camera control system for hot forming area OPTISTEM/2 is actually available to be installed on new ampoule forming machines MM30 and FA36S, both brand new and existing.

It has been the first camera control system developed by OCMI that has been followed by other versions dedicated to different glass containers.

This system is equipped with two cameras of which the first one is detecting the heating level of each glass tube before the neck forming area. According to the data shared by the first camera, the oxygen level in the two last burners before forming area is automatically adjusted through proportional valves.

That allows to process all tubes under same temperature conditions and keep under control the diameter of ampoule neck, that is the most important size for operations like colour rings and OPC applications and also filling.

With this working concept, focused on oxygen regulation and not on flame position, there is no stress of mechanical parts of the burners with consequent longer working life.

On the user-friendly control panel suitable to be integrated in main machine cabinet or supplied separately, the operator can check the trend of all diameters of glass ampoule (except for the total length that can be controlled on the line with electromechanical gauges) inside tolerances limitations.

The software allows to store the data about each production batch and to recall parameters of ISO type ampoules (parameters of ampoules out of ISO standards can be set manually).

The data collected from OPTISTEM/2 operation can be now organized per production batch. One of the purposed of this function is to verify the stability of the quality along the working day. With the update program bar-graphs are available to immediately display the trend of each production batch.

asianglass AG 19-5

Even the control of some optional functions available on after-forming line can be integrated in the OPTISTEM/2 panel. For example the data coming from the control of total height, available on after-forming line, can be displayed on OPTISTEM/2 panel in order to get the full control of ampoule dimensions.

With the purpose to keep under control the production efficiency of the whole line, OPTISTEM/2 panel can show the counting of good ampoules detected in different points of the line. That allows to understand which device is producing more rejections and focus the attention on it.

Following the same concept of OPTISTEM/2, OCMI developed camera vision systems for dimensional control purposely dedicated to each type of forming machine for pharmaceutical tubular container.

OPTIVIAL camera system has been developed for all models of vial forming machines supplied by OCMI, continuous rotation machines FLA20 and FLA35 and index-rotation machine TAM114.

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ADVERTISER FEATURE

In this case the system adopts the same user-friendly software of OPTISTEM for the control panel and realizes only a dimensional control at the end of forming process.

Especially in FLA35, the most complex and productive vial forming machine produced in OCMI, It’s possible to get the statistics divided per each main forming head and consequently detect any type of eventual trouble on one specific head.

The operator has the possibility to see the statistics of rejections per each controlled dimension in order to optimize machine setup accordingly.

One of the main advantages of OCMI control system is the flexibility of the software that allows to apply that to different types of productions.

In the last forming machine produced for glass droppers OPTIVIAL has been supplied for the control of ball-shaped tip and constriction.

Same system, purposely programmed, can be supplied for the control of dental cartridges and droppers, on OCMI forming machine FLA20/ CAR and FLA20/DROPPER.

ADVERTISER FEATURE

customers using these camera control systems to use their existing Internet connection or arrange a new one, in order to provide remote assistance in real time.

Through supplied router working with cable connection or wi-fi network, the camera inspection system installed wherever worldwide can be connected with OCMI After-sales service and skilled engineers can check the inspection on their PC as if they were in front of the control panel.

More than 90% of glass tube forming machines manufactured

by OCMI are now supplied with camera inspection system already installed. All versions of control systems have been fully developed inside OCMI so customers can get a complete and integrate assistance on machine and inspection system.

Most of orders confirmed in last months by pharmaceutical laboratories and glass factories include camera control system for hot-forming that represents a good investment to improve machines productivity and make the machine setting operation easier and more accurate.

OCMI has recently invited all

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AG 19-5 asianglass

33

ANALYSIS: Display glass

2020 Vision

display glass market and makers Yogender Malik peers into the world of of display glass manufacture and takes a view on what future trends are going to shape investments and development…

O

ver the past decade, the display glass industry has grown significantly in volume and value. Cost reductions and product improvements has stimulated significant demand for LCD and OLED panels, driving the demand for glass substrates. Glass substrates form the starting point for production of all flat-panel displays, making glass supply critical to the display industry. Even for flexible and foldable OLED displays, glass substrates are used as carriers for a polyimide layer for the display, because of the superior thermal stability characteristics of this versatile material.

While LCD panels still dominate the display industry, representing 71.6% of the smartphone market, the industry in recent years has witnessed the introduction of display panels based on OLED technology and has begun to compete with LCD panels.

The global display glass market is highly concentrated between three leading producers. The market is split between US producer Corning and Japanese companies Nippon Electric Glass and Asahi Glass. Corning has the dominant share at 48% of the total market, while Nippon and Asahi account for 22% and 24%, respectively. Corning’s achievements in the display glass industry can be understood from the fact that the company was the first glassmaker to produce each new generation of glass substrates, up to the latest with Gen 10.5.

One of the leading authorities on display glass market, Bob O’Brien, CoFounder and President of Display Supply Chain Consultants ( former Director – Marketing Intelligence at Corning Display Technologies) told, “ In volume, we estimate the display glass market in 2019 at 565 million square meters. In value, we estimate the market at JPY 679 billion. Display glass substrates are priced in yen, since two of the top three makers are Japanese, and the third (Corning) chooses to keep prices in yen. Geographically, China is growing with new capacity additions, especially new Gen 10.5 additions. With respect to glass composition, glass for more advanced backplane technologies, both LTPS and oxide TFT, is growing faster than the overall market. We expect market volume to grow by roughly 5% per year, with price declines at a similar rate, so

34

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overall revenues likely to be flat.”

During 2018, the display glass industry was beset with slow smartphone sales and declining TV prices. However, there are bright spots that are near and long-term tailwinds that will positively impact demand for display glass products, including the move to larger TVs, the use of glass on the back side of smartphones, and the move to foldable smartphones requiring more display glass per unit.

The global smartphone shipments declined for the seventh consecutive quarter. Shipments in the second quarter (Q2) of 2019 were down by 3.6 per cent to 331.2 million compared with Q2 of 2018, according to an IHS Markit report.

However, combined share of the top-six firms exceeded 80 per cent of the total shipment in Q2, which is a record high for the global smartphone business. Samsung maintained the top rank and increased shipments by 6 per cent year -over-year to 75.1 million units.

Current trends

It has become an LCD industry convention to mark progress by glass substrate size in generational increments, and the plants that manufacture the LCD panels are so designated as nth-generation plants. The table below lists the generation, sizes, and representative optimum LCD panel “cuts” from the glass substrate.

The earliest glass sizes were for digital watches, calculators, and small computers, and were manufactured in what is today called the first- to thirdgeneration plants; the processing technology was relatively rudimentary and quite unlike the large-scale, automated manufacturing in later generation fabrication plants (“fabs”), so they are not included in the table.

Large size glass substrates are gaining momentum in the industry. Large substrates allow LCD manufacturers to produce a greater number of larger panels from each substrate. The larger size leads to economies of scale for LCD manufacturers and has enabled lower display prices for consumers, which may continue in the future.

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ANALYSIS: Display glass

In coming years, display glass industry is expected to be benefited from increasing end-demand as screen sizes continue to increase and shipments of larger screens are gaining momentum.

As foldable smartphones gain momentum, ultra-thin, bendable glass could replace the currently used plastic displays. The glass delivers a superior surface with improved durability, excellent scratch resistance, and superior optical clarity when compared to alternate materials such as plastics.

New investments

During a June 2019 held Investor Day Event in New York, largest global display glass producer , Corning Incorporated’s John Zhang, Senior Vice President and General Manager of Corning Display Technologies, announced that Corning will build two new Gen 10.5 glass plants in the coming year, in Guangzhou and Wuhan, China.

Though, Corning did not discuss the clients for these plants, but industry insiders say that the Guangzhou plant will be supplying Foxconn’s plant in that city, while the Wuhan plant will supply BOE’s second Gen 10.5 plant there.

A year earlier, in June 2018, Corning Inc. hosted a launch ceremony for its new Gen 10.5 liquid crystal display (LCD) glass substrate manufacturing facility co-located with the BOE Technology Group Co. Ltd. (BOE) plant in the Hefei Xinzhan Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone in the Anhui Province, China.

This enabled Corning to become the first manufacturer of TFT- grade Gen 10.5 substrates in the world. The largest LCD commercially available glass substrates are 2,940 mm by 3,370 mm, providing the most economical cuts for 65-inch and 75-inch TVs. The Gen 10.5 substrates manufactured at the Hefei facility use Corning’s Eagle slim glass.

Corning began shipping BOE production samples from the plant in late 2017. The market for large-size TVs, defined as TVs 60” and larger, is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of more than 20

36

asianglass AG 19-5

percent for the next several years. The Hefei facility is Corning’s third LCD glass plant on the Chinese mainland. The company also operates Gen 8.5 LCD glass plants in Beijing and Chongqing.

“The Hefei Gen 10.5 LCD glass facility is the next milestone in the display business, enabling us to make the world’s largest glass substrate to support the growing global demand for large size TVs,” said James P Clappin, president of Corning Glass Technologies, at the launch ceremony.

“As the industry’s innovation and market leader with the most experience in large Gen substrate production, we’re proud to support the development of China’s LCD industry.”

Generation

Glass size ( in mm)

Optimum Cut ( Inches X panels)

3.5 a

550 X 670

12.1 X 6

15 X 4

3.5 b

610 X 720

13.3 X 6

17 X 4

3.5 c

620 X 750

14.1 X 6

18 X 4

4.0

680 X 880

15 X 6

20 X 4

4.5

730 X 920

17 X 6

22 X 3

5.0

1100 X 1300

27 X 6

22 X 8

5.5

1300 X 1500

32 X 6

56 X 2

6.0

1500 X 1850

37 X 6

32 X 8

7.0

1870 X 2200

46 X 6

37 X 8

7.5

1950 X 2250

47 X 6

42 X 8

8.0

2160 X 2450

50 X 6

44 X 8

8.5

2200 X 2500

55 X 6

46 X 8

9.0

2400 X 2800

57 X 6

52 X 8

10.0

2580 X 3050

65 X 7

57 X 8

10.5

2940 X 3370

72 X 7

65 X 8

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ANALYSIS: Display glass

“We’re delighted to bring the world’s best-in-class Gen 10.5 substrate technology to China in support of the continued growth of the LCD industry and in support of BOE, our valued strategic customer,” commented John Zhang, general manager of Corning Display Technologies at the event.

“This plant allows us to deliver on our long-term commitment to BOE and participate in the fastest-growing LCD market in the world while maintaining our overall LCD glass supply demand balance.”

In June 2019, Chinese Bengbu Glass Industry Design and Research Institute of the China National Building Material Group launched China’s first 8.5-generation TFT-LCD production line in East China’s Anhui province. The Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD production line will produce highdefinition LCD screens of 55 inches.

According to the Liquid Crystal Branch of the China Optics and Optoelectronics Manufactures Association, the demand for TFT-LCD in the Chinese mainland was about 260 million square meters in 2018, including 233 million square meters’ Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD. However, the annual supply of domestically made TFT-LCD is less than 40 million square meters, with all of them Gen 6 or below, which cannot meet the demand in scale and quantity.

The association predicted that China’s market demand for Gen 8.5 TFTLCD or above will exceed 300 million square meters by 2020, accounting for 49.6 percent of the total global demand.

The institute in Bengbu, with 60 years of expertise in glass, has made a breakthrough in the production of Gen 8.5 TFT-LCD, and will provide key raw material guarantee for China’s LCD panel industry after it goes into mass production in October 2019.

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Smartphone markets

Since the release of the first iPhone in 2007, Corning has dominated the display glass industry in smartphones by putting it’s strengthened brand of glass on the front. The cover glass has made a name for itself protecting the smartphones, tablets, media players, even television screens. In fact, it’s been used on more than 5 billion devices from 40 major brands worldwide But this does not mean that there aren’t alternatives, Asahi’s Dragontrail pops up quite often in the word association game as a viable alternative but none have been more popular than Corning’s particular brand of strengthened glass.

Japan’s NEG (Nippon Electric Glass) is looking to challenge that status quo with its own brand of cover glass called Dinorex. Company’s offering is a chemically strengthened glass, which means it’s made by soaking glass containing sodium ions in a potassium nitrate solution, which contains potassium ions. Through the process of Chemical Strengthening, the sodium ions on the glass surface trade places with the potassium ions. This process is known as ion exchange and since potassium ions have a larger diameter, they exert compressive stress on the surface. This makes the Dinorex strong enough to withstand a hammer blow.

Currently, the company offers two variants of the Dinorex glass - T2X-1 and T2X-0. T2X-1 is meant to be used on devices that require glasses with tough scratch resistance and tolerance to heavy force. NEG claims it also takes 25% less time to manufacture than traditional glass.

T2X-0 is another variant with integrated touch sensors and can accommodate sized up to G6 (1,500mm x 1,850mm) or approximately 59 x 72 inches. The company also claims that Dinorex is not only shock-resistant but it is also almost perfectly clear and colourless, too. It does not affect image colour or quality, so users can see images in their true beauty. And Dinorex can be tailored for a wide range of sizes and thicknesses.

Dinorex also comes in thin glass sheets with smooth surfaces without the need to polish them in larger sizes. The overflow process which is used in the creation of the materials also eliminates warping, making it ideal for manufacturing thinner and larger sheets of glass.

Dinorex glasses have found a home on many Coolpad and Meizu devices

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so far, they have also been used by Huawei for the Honor 8 and Nokia’s 8.1 also comes with NEG’s branded glass

Corning Incorporated

US Company, Corning Inc. is by far the largest producer of glass substrates for the display segment. With close to 50 % share of the global display glass market, the American producer has dominated the display glass industry for a number of years. Corning has display glass manufacturing operations in South Korea, Japan, Taiwan and China, and services all its glass customers in all regions directly, utilizing its manufacturing facilities throughout Asia.

In 2018, Corning’s display glass division achieved a total sales of USD 3.276 billion, an increase of 4.43 % over new sales of USD 3.137 billion registered in the year 2017. The Display Technologies segment represented 29% of Corning’s net sales in 2018.

According to Corning Inc., “ Display Technologies segment net sales in 2018 increased $139 million compared to the prior year. Total display glass market volume was up in 2018. Our volume growth in this market more than offset price declines on a year-over-year basis. 2018 was the best pricing environment in more than a decade, achieving the important

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ANALYSIS: Display glass

milestone of mid-single digit year over- year declines during the second half of the year 2018. We expect volume to grow faster than the market due to expansion of our Gen 10.5 manufacturing capacity in China. We expect our full year 2019 price declines to improve further to a mid- single digit percentage and to be even better than they were in 2018.”

Corning manufactures glass substrates for high performance displays, including organic light-emitting diode (“OLEDs”) and liquid crystal displays (“LCDs”) that are used primarily in televisions, notebook computers and flat panel desktop monitors. The company develops, manufactures and supplies high quality glass substrates using technology expertise and a proprietary fusion manufacturing process, which Corning invented.

According to the company, “ Our highly automated process yields glass substrates with a pristine surface and excellent thermal dimensional stability and uniformity – essential attributes in the production of large, high performance display panels. Our fusion process is scalable and we believe it is the most costeffective process in producing large size substrates. We believe 2019 will be another year of strong growth and investment, consistent with our Strategy and Capital Allocation Framework.

In our Display Technologies segment, we expect full year 2019 price declines to improve further to a mid-single digit percentage. We anticipate Corning’s display glass volume will grow faster than the expected display glass market growth of mid-single digits, driven by television screen size growth and the ramp of our Gen 10.5 facility in China.”

In May 2019, Corning launched an entirely new glass substrate. Dubbed “ Astra Glass” the substrate is designed primarily for the next generation of “medium-to-large” displays, which will include features like 8K resolutions and high refresh rates.

Astra Glass meets the precise, high-temperature requirements of oxide processing and joins our portfolio of display substrates, to cover the entire spectrum of our customers’ needs. After years of close collaboration with customers, we’ve learned what they need in an oxide display glass to bring 8K resolution to larger devices and sets -- low total pitch variation, low total thickness variation, and low sag,” Corning business director of HighPerformance Displays Han Yim said in a statement. “Astra Glass meets the precise, high-temperature requirements of oxide processing and joins our portfolio of display substrates, alongside EAGLE XG Glass and Lotus NXT Glass, to cover the entire spectrum of our customers’ needs.”

Asahi Glass

Japanese glass maker, Asahi is the second largest glass substrate producer, globally. The company accounted for 24 % of the volume of glass substrate produced in the year 2018. In addition to its home country Japan, Asahi Glass has glass substrates production plants in China, Taiwan and South Korea.

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Asahi Glass’s display glass unit achieved a net sales of 183.4 billion yen in the year 2018 (down 12.2 billion yen from the previous year).

According to Asahi Glass, “With the LCD panel market growing steadily due to an increase in display panel sizes, we have secured the second largest global market share in glass substrates for TFT-LCDs. Shipments of glass substrates for TFT-LCDs increased compared to the previous year, we have achieved our largest shipment volume to date. The decline in sales prices of display glass has started to wane. Volume of specialty glass for display applications also increased compared with the previous year.”

Currently, Asahi Glass is in the process of building a furnace for 11th generation TFT-LCD ( 11th generation TFT-LCD glass substrates dimension: 3370 mm×2940 mm) glass substrates at its subsidiary, AGC Display Glass Co., Ltd. in Huizhou Zhongkai High-tech Industrial Development Zone, Guangdong Province, China.

According to Asahi Glass’s management, “There has been a large increase in production of TFT-LCD panels in China in recent years which has resulted in an abrupt increase in demand for glass substrates.

To accommodate demand growth, the AGC Group has established a supply system by setting up a processing facility in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, and a furnace in Huizhou, Guangdong Province.

Nippon Electric Glass

Japanese company, Nippon Electric Glass ( NEG) is the third largest display glass producer. The company had a global share of 22 % of the global glass substrates market in 2018, registered a new sales of Yen 132 billion in the year. The company started a new melting furnace in China at Xiamen in the year 2018. A few years back ( in 2016) , NEG was forced to shut down one of its display glass production plants in Vietnam due to cut throat competition offered by other two major display glass producers and a general slowdown in display glass industry.

According to NEG management, “ The market for flat panel display ( FPD) used in mobile phones and television screens is expected to register stable growth rates. Within this, we are carefully examining the Chinese market, which shows particular growth promise, and we are working on the ways to further strengthen our FPD glass presence there. However, the competitive environment surrounding the FPD glass is a difficult one, with growing volume on one hand and declining prices on the other, thus, if we are even able to maintain the same amount of market share, it is difficult to see growth in sales or profits. Therefore, we have committed ourselves to finding ways to improve our productivity and quality, and our efforts have resulted in the increased competitiveness of our products. In order to improve that competitiveness, we are working to switching to a new manufacturing process. It will enable us to reduce consumption of raw materials and energy, so that we can switch over compact facilities.”

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ANALYSIS: Solar glass

ASEAN: a solar glass centre rising demand drives investment

Jahir Ahmed looks at how the flat glass manufacturers of the ASEAN – and indeed wider – region are looking towards the solar glass industry as a means for future expansion…

S

everal flat glass manufacturers in the ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) region manufacture and market a diverse range of low-E, solar control and low-E solar control glasses. Among the companies, Asia’s premier glassmaker, AGC Group of Japan, with its production facilities in the main ASEAN glass producing, consuming and exporting countries maintains a significant influence in promoting and using such glasses in the regional countries and making ASEAN one of the leading producers and consumers in Asia. The other major Japanese float and solar glass manufacturer, NSG Group, also plays a major role in providing solar control low-E and solar photovoltaic (PV) glass in the ASEAN region. In the growing market of Vietnam, the state owned Viglacera Float Glass Company (VIFG) is another major manufacturer of low-E solar glass.

With increasing awareness of the need of reducing carbon emissions by consuming clean and renewable energy, the ASEAN countries have increased the consumption of solar control and low-E solar glass in the buildings and PV glass for rooftop and building mounted and solar farm based solar power generation.

The increasing use of glass in modern buildings and the growing awareness of comfort and air-conditioning costs in the ASEAN countries have resulted in the more effective use of solar control glass in the region’s construction markets. The

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Generation

Glass size ( in mm)

Optimum Cut ( Inches X panels)

3.5 a

550 X 670

12.1 X 6

15 X 4

3.5 b

610 X 720

13.3 X 6

17 X 4

3.5 c

620 X 750

14.1 X 6

18 X 4

4.0

680 X 880

15 X 6

20 X 4

4.5

730 X 920

17 X 6

22 X 3

5.0

1100 X 1300

27 X 6

22 X 8

5.5

1300 X 1500

32 X 6

56 X 2

6.0

1500 X 1850

37 X 6

32 X 8

7.0

1870 X 2200

46 X 6

37 X 8

7.5

1950 X 2250

47 X 6

42 X 8

8.0

2160 X 2450

50 X 6

44 X 8

8.5

2200 X 2500

55 X 6

46 X 8

9.0

2400 X 2800

57 X 6

52 X 8

10.0

2580 X 3050

65 X 7

57 X 8

10.5

2940 X 3370

72 X 7

65 X 8

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Inspection and process control of tableware

M

anual quality control of tableware products always used to be a high expenditure for all table ware glass manufactures. Over hours, employees must keep the level of quality testing at the same level. That this actually works only in theory does not need to be explained further.

Especially because the quality requirements in high-end tableware continue to increase, in order to more correspond to the handmade glass. Also customers of glass manufactures are forcing them to guarantee constant and of course documented results of quality checking.

Also in standard production and highend production of machine made table ware glasses, the guarantee of constant quality inspection rises up in the last years to provide the manufactures with numbers and evaluation of failures on product during production to give them the opportunity in improving the

production process in real time. Machine operators over the whole production process are linked to the statistics of the inspection machinery and could use them to adjust their machinery.

Of course also skilled employees lack forces the glass manufactures to automate their production to be able to use the existing staff effectively in the production chain to ensure economic growth anyway.

Therefore Forma Glass started a project to implement automatic quality inspection, which is used over years in container glass manufacturing, also to be used in high end table ware production (TCS á table ware control system). However, this requires a further development in advanced image processing and software technology to make the special type of failures from table ware visible.

Over the last years Forma Glass put into operation about 18 inspection machines for high quality tableware inspection (produced on blow-blow process) at different manufactures in Europe.

Together with our partner more than 50 machineries are in additional sold also for inspection of pressed articles and of course also for articles produced

in press-blow process. Therefore we have the opportunity to offer a machinery which is well tested and running in the field of inspection of table ware production In case that the system is build up modular, we can offer solutions from 6 to 14 cameras and also for a different range of products ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Pressed tumbler and pressed stemware Plates Casserole Tumbler and stemware in blow-blow or press-blow process and many more

In addition to the quality inspection at the final product, Forma Glass also working continuously on improvement for process control during the production process itself. One of the main topics during the forming process in blowblow or press-blow is the wall thickness distribution in the bowl (WCS â wall thickness control system).

Currently it is controlled manually by measurement of the bowl outside of the machinery or as random test in separate testing unit. We picked up the system of wall thickness measurement from the bottle production and implemented it first time in rotary machinery for blowblow production of bowls for stemware and tumbler. Now the machine operator know in real time the quality of the bowl and is able to adjust in real time to keep production continuous running on high level.

Therefore Forma Glass is not only partner for forming machinery itself. Forma Glass became also a partner of improvement of the production process in inspection and process control to increase level of quality control and stabilize the production process.

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ANALYSIS: Solar glass

growing trend of green building construction with high energy efficiency and reduced carbon emissions is expected to drive market demand for solar control glass and solar PV glass.

To meet the growing demand for solar glass in the ASEAN countries, NSG has revived NSG Vietnam Glass Industries Ltd, which will have total investment of JPY38 billion (about US$365 million). NSG plans call for raising capacity by about 30 percent for a special glass coated in a transparent conductive film that forms the topmost layer of thin-film solar panels. The glass can also be used for other purposes like construction. The Vietnam plant is scheduled for the official start-up in the second half of 2020. It originally produced glass for liquid crystal displays but was shut down in 2016 as intense competition from rivals undercut profitability.

AGC’s float glass factories in the ASEAN countries, most particularly in Thailand by AGC Flat Glass Thailand Public Co Ltd, produce quite a sizeable number of low-E and solar control glass capable to save electricity and reduce carbon emissivity. The glasses are used in increasing quantity. They include the brand names, Stopsol, Sunergy, T-Sunlux, Planibel, and low-E iplus.

AGC Flat Glass Thailand has invested heavily in its float glass production plant in Samut Prakan province in central Thailand. As the construction boom continues in the ASEAN countries in a large scale, improvement of energy efficiency has become a key issue for large buildings against the backdrop of rising carbon emission, increasing fuel imports and power shortages in recent years, since air conditioning is used to cool buildings throughout the year. As a solution, AGC said, demand is rapidly growing for solar control low-e glass, which increases cooling efficiency and contributes to reducing energy use. Significantly, air-conditioners consume a major part of electricity produced in the ASEAN countries.

AGC went ahead with its plans to start operations of its Indonesian arm, PT Asahimas Flat Glass Tbk, at its new float plant in Cikampek, Indonesia, fully this year, along with the launch of mass production of new magnetron sputtering coater. The company said it aims at catering to consumer preference in terms of creativity and helping them abide by energy regulations and green building trends.

The plant’s 3.6 million m2 per year production capacity magnetron machine coater with European technology was procured with Euro31.5 million.

Aesthetic coating

The officials in AGC said the company’s solar glass Stopsol is a reflective pyrolytic coated glass. It stands out for its performance durability coupled with good solar control and unique reflective aesthetics. It can be easily used for a large variety of processing options, including, tempering, laminating, bending and silkscreen printing, offering the architects unlimited creativity for its applications. Available in 3 types of coatings, Stopsol Classic (slightly amber reflection), Stopsol Supersilver (silver reflection) and SilverLight (lower degree of reflection with a bluish hue). The final appearance of Stopsol will depend on the colour of the substrate glass, the coating, the thickness and the position of the coating. Stopsol keeps the heat out thereby maintaining comfortable temperatures indoor, and it reduces energy cost needed for air-conditioning, claims AGC. Sunergy is a pyrolytic coated glass, highly scratch-resistant and can be bent, tempered and laminated, making it one of the favourite choices for complex constructions. Together with its excellent solar control properties, low reflection and neutral appearance, Sunergy is stated to be an ideal architectural product.

It keeps the heat out, maintaining comfortable temperatures indoor. It reduces energy cost needed for air-conditioning, and delivers thermal insulation properties to keep comfortable temperatures within the building.

T-Sunlux, a temperable magnetron coated glass, has a strong and durable coating, able to go through tempering without compromising its appearance. This high performance solar control coated glass specialises in blocking heat and is a great fit for architectural glass applications where heavy sun makes excessive solar heat gain. T-Sunlux is available in various colour substrates and has a wide selection of coatings. It keeps the heat out, maintaining comfortable temperatures indoor, and reduces energy cost needed for air-conditioning.

AGC’s Planibel Low-E series are coated glass that can be tempered and do not

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asianglass AG 19-5

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require any edge deletion. Its durability and high-resistant surface make it suitable for both construction and industrial applications, such as, home appliances, commercial refrigeration, heated glass, etc. Planibel Low-E can be combined with Sunergy or Stopsol solar control glass in a double glazing unit. The clear and neutral appearance low-e Planibel delivers thermal insulation properties to keep comfortable temperatures within the building.

The low-e ‘iplus’ glass is a comprehensive range of magnetron coated lowemissivity products dedicated to thermal insulation, providing a more comfortable living space. Used for protection from the cold, achieving both thermal insulation and solar control, good insulation while preventing condensation or additional safety functions. Used in double and triple glazing units, the neutral-looking glass allows a generous amount of light into the building while keeping the heat/cold out. The durable coating resists scratches and handling, making it easy to process and suitable for residential, commercial and industrial applications. The low-e iplus delivers thermal insulation properties to keep comfortable temperatures within the building, said AGC. The demand for lo-E solar control gas has been increasing steadily all over the ASEAN countries, mostly, in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. In the growing markets of Vietnam, the state owned domestic manufacturer VIFG has considerably substituted low-E and solar control glass with its 5 million square meters a year production capacity, in nearly equal two plants, in VIFG’s factory site Binh Duong, just north of Ho Chi Minh City, and in Bac Ninh, east of the capital city of Hanoi. Its technology is transferred from Von Ardenne Group GmbH of Germany. “Energy saving glass has slowly becoming a necessity bringing benefits to save energy and reduce carbon emission,” said Nguyen Quang Cung, Vice Chairman of the Vietnam Building Material Association.

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ANALYSIS: Solar glass

VIFG goes ultra-thin

VIFG’s solar control glass is processed from its flat glass with a system of ultrathin coatings composed of metal or metal oxide. This type of glass is designed to reflect most of the radiation from the sun and prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging human health, which saves up to 51 percent of energy costs for cooling inside buildings. In particular, VIFG’s Solar Control glass can be used in single-layer panels, which can completely replace conventional glass in commercial and residential buildings. While in low-E glass, in addition to metal or metal oxide coatings, this glass coating also contains one layer of silver, which reduces the emission factor of the glass. This type of glass is designed to prevent heat transfer from outside to inside or vice versa, keep the room at a constant temperature, reduce energy consumption in the summer and heating systems in winter, said VIFG. ACG’s Indonesian joint venture plant PT Asahimas Flat Glass’ Cikampek energy saving plant is new with latest technology installed in 2018 to produce among others ACG’s two well selling high performance solar glasses, Stopray solar control low-E glass and T-Sunlux magnetron temperable reflective solar control glass, which are products from offline coating facilities. Asahimas said the products are welcomed by customers, especially from the field of interior and architecture.

NSG Group’s Malaysia plant, Malaysian Sheet Glass Sdn Bhd, is producing a range of solar glass. Its marketed Pilkington Solar-E glass product range of high solar control performance on-line coater glasses offer low-E solar heat coefficient gain, low reflectivity, reduced glare and low-emissivity. The products are available in a range of colours, clear, blue-green, evergreen, grey, and arctic blue. Solar-E can be used in single glazing applications provided that the coating faces the interior of the building. They provide attractive solutions to various applications where good light transmittance with enhanced solar control performance is required.

The low exterior light reflectance products are widely used for modern glass façades where high reflectance is prohibited or undesirable. The products can be specified as toughened or laminated glass.

Grid parity

In the member countries of ASEAN, the solar energy sector is witnessing rapid growth. Stronger policies of the ASEAN countries in favour of clean and renewable energy projects have boosted up the region’s solar PV glass markets.

According to the ASEAN Centre for Energy, the declining costs of solar PV modules and battery storage has given a boost to solar markets in the ASEAN region. The overall cost of installing solar system is highly influenced by location where it is located and may vary across the region. The declining cost in ASEAN is reaching grid parity in several member countries. Studies in ASEAN said solar energy has reached grid parity in the Philippines and Singapore, and soon in Thailand too if the equipment costs can be brought down. Vietnam is also pushing solar development by revising its FiT (feed-in-tariff) incentive scheme.

Singapore will have one of the world’s largest offshore floating solar power systems, along the Straits of Johor, developed by the Singapore based solar power solution provider Sunseap Group. The 5 MW-peak system will generate about 6,388 MW hours of solar power annually, capable of powering about 1,250 four-room flats, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by about 2,600 tonnes every year. The project is expected to be completed later this year. Thailand also have similar projects in dams and reservoir. Thailand’s state-owned electricity generating utility will start installation of floating solar panels this year in five hydropower plants in five provinces. The 45 MW floating solar in Sirindhorn dam

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asianglass AG 19-5

is now in progress and will be commercially operational in 2020.

Vietnamese Ministry of Industry and Trade has proposed differentiated FiTs by solar influenced regions, higher FiT in the cloudy north and lower for sunny region in the south. The tariffs range from US$0.06.59/kWh to US$0.09.85/kWh, and would apply starting from July 2019, replacing the existing fixed rate of US$0.09.35. The rates, paid by the state-owned utility of Vietnam for those who contribute solar power to the electricity grid, would also differ depending on the category, ranking from highest to lowest, such as, household solar panels, floating solar system, and ground PV with a capacity of more than 1 megawattpeak, according to the ASEAN Centre for Energy.

Major investors present in Vietnam in solar energy, under approval, construction, or completion include German ASEAN Power, B.Grimm Power Public Co Ltd, Trina Solar, Schletter Group, JA Solar, Sunseap International, Nippon Sheet Glass, Ecoprogetti, Tata Power, Shapoorji Pallonji Infrastructure Capital, Gulf Energy Development, InfraCo Asia Development, and ACWA Power.

Although there is no foreign ownership restriction in the industry, PPP projects in the form of BOT contracts are usually preferred due to government guarantees and incentives.

In Indonesia, the national energy plan, targeted solar PV installation of 6.5 gigawatt by 2025 and 45 GW by 2050.

However, solar installation in this archipelagic country has been seemingly stagnant over the years.

According to the data from the ASEAN Centre for Energy, as of June 2019, solar installation across ASEAN is about 9.1 GW, a surge from only 0.03 GW in 2010.

This growth is the result of the recent boom in installation of solar PV in the ASEAN countries. Malaysia has increased its installation to 0.7 GW, Philippines to 0.8 GW, Thailand to 3 GW, and in Vietnam it was increased to 4.5 GW. Solar installation growth in the five countries, including Indonesia, resulted from welldesigned incentives for renewable energy, mainly from the FiT system. In all these five countries, solar installation significantly increased after the establishment of FiT. Solar is enjoying a boom in Vietnam, which recorded 4.5 GW as of June 2019, only two years after FiT was launched. According to the data from the ASEAN Centre for Energy, Vietnam is now the largest producer of solar energy.

The FiT in Cambodia is being planned to be attractive, with the outcome of the country’s largest solar power project which is soon to be running this year. The 60 MW solar farm in Kampong Speu will be the second solar farm in Cambodia after the 10 MW in Svay Rieng province’s Bavet City which has been operational since last year.

Myanmar has recently launched its first commercial solar plant, Minbu.

It is a significant step forward in the right direction for the country that has yet to provide a half of the population access to electricity. Myanmar’s Minbu Solar Power Plant has reportedly constructed solar PV farm on over 836 acres of land. It will be the largest solar power plant in the ASEAN region, said META Corporation of Thailand, which is the contractor-developer of the project. Minbu will have a total capacity of 170 MW with a capability to generate 350 million kWh a year, providing electricity to some 210,000 households. In the first stage, it will provide 40 MW.

Steady expansion

ASEAN countries are at different stages of development in their solar energy potential. Each has established a national target on solar PV and to reach that each country has initiated numerous policies and supporting schemes, but three major power consuming countries, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand,

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ANALYSIS: Solar glass

have almost comprehensive ranges of organised initiatives and incentives to implement their solar energy plans, although, only in Thailand it has better and real utilisation.

Switzerland based power industry solution provider, ABB, is now installing rooftop solar systems in many industrial and commercial projects in the ASEAN countries as alternative uninterrupted power supply. One of its major projects is Thailand’s Bangkok Glass solar power plant. Bangkok Glass Public Company Ltd has installed a large solar plant with solutions provided by ABB. The 5 megawatts solar rooftop facility at Bangkok Glass factory in Ayutthaya province of Thailand is the largest solar rooftop installation of its kind in the ASEAN region and marks a significant step forward in the acceptance of captive self-consumption solar energy models.

“Annual power demand growth across Southeast Asia currently stands at 6 percent per year,” said Vikram Mulye, Regional Sales Manager at ABB Product Group Solar, based in Singapore. With electricity costs high and infrastructure in remote areas still vastly undeveloped, solar is an attractive option for meeting this demand, suggests Vikram.

ASEAN based solar power plant specialist companies are also playing a big role in developing solar energy plants in the region with a greater task to accomplish.

Singapore based solar power and clean energy solution provider Sunseap Group constructed many farm and rooftop solar PV power generation

projects in the ASEAN countries, as project designer, constructor-installer and solar energy producer. It has set up a 168 MWp (megawatt-peak) Ninh Thuan Solar Power Plant at US$150 million in Vietnam’s Ninh Thuan.

The plant was commissioned as part of a 20-year solar power purchase agreement reached in the second-half of 2018, and the plant installation completed and connected to the Vietnam national power grid ahead of a June 30 deadline this year. The plant will sell electricity at a solar FiT of US$0.09.35 per kilowatt hour. It will supply solar power to some 192,000 homes and reduce carbon emissions by about 240,000 tonnes annually.

Ninh Thuan province in south-central Vietnam has the highest potential for solar power generation. The region has already attracted over 140 projects. Other potential areas include Binh Thuan, Daklak, and Khanh Hoa which have attracted 100, 13, and 12 projects respectively. The government’s target by 2025 is to install 4 GW solar power. By 2030, it aims to increase it to 12 GW. The governments in the ASEAN region have begun gradually cutting fuel subsidies, which has led to a rise in the price of fossil source based power and a spike in demand for solar power. This has helped solar energy hit the grid parity and become competitive with the fossil generated electricity. Sunseap’s CEO and Executive Director Frank Phuan said their company has now has a number of projects where they have been asked to replace discontinued coal and other conventional power projects with solar power.

Can ASEAN replicate China?

China is leading the world in clean-energy production -- especially wind and solar. As of early 2019, China owned six of the world’s 10 largest solar module manufacturing companies. In 2018, it installed half of all new global solar power capacity, according to the International Energy Agency.

And the year before, it was the first country to pass 100 gigawatts of installed solar power capacity, which is equivalent to the electricity produced from about 75 nuclear power plants.

The Chinese government has placed a priority on investing in solar energy because it enables the country to directly tackle the problems of air pollution, climate change and energy security, and the related benefits -- financial and environmental -- are clear. The nations of ASEAN should watch closely and learn.

In 2005, the National People’s Congress, China’s legislature, observed that fossil fuel energy production was the cause of 90% of the country’s sulfur dioxide emissions.

According to the Chinese Ministry of Health, industrial sulfur pollution has made cancer China’s leading cause of death. Every year, ambient air pollution alone killed hundreds of thousands of citizens.

Moreover, meeting its pledges in the Paris Agreement on climate change will require China to increase solar’s share of the energy mix to 20% by 2030 from 3.2% in 2015. This would reduce the need for 20 new mid-sized coal-fired power plants.

China has achieved its success through rigorous and responsive nationwide plans.

The Brightness Program, launched in 1996, was its first national policy to bring electricity access to off-grid areas using solar and wind, but in the early 2000s China changed its focus to manufacturing for export, enticed in part by European subsidies for installing solar panels.

The government offered export credits, increased investment in research and development and established national key laboratories at several leading companies. Technology transfer occurred mainly through the purchase of manufacturing equipment from industrialized countries and the movement of entrepreneurs and skilled labor. Between 2000 and 2006, around 95% of solar photovoltaic modules made in China were exported.

After the global financial crisis, European subsidies fell back and so the Chinese government created a large domestic market for solar panels through its own subsidies.

The Golden Sun Demonstration Program, launched in 2009, paid developers a percentage of the money they invested in solar projects, regardless of the electricity their projects produced. The second solar deployment subsidy was launched in 2011, with the introduction of a feed-in tariff, which pays power producers. It was financed by a surcharge on electricity bills paid by consumers.

In addition to fostering growth, the government also promoted innovation. In

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2015, the National Energy Administration launched its Front-runner initiative, which encouraged new solar facilities to use advanced products with higher solar cell efficiencies to demonstrate technological advances and promote cost reductions.

To do this, the agency tendered several large-scale, high-quality sites for solar power projects. Fierce competition brought the price down to as low as 0.45 yuan ($0.06) per kilowatt hour -- close to the benchmark tariff for energy from coal-fired power plants.

These plans were, if anything, too successful: the system could not accommodate all the power produced, leading to forced reductions in output.

To avoid these inefficiencies, China introduced a smart subsides program in 2018, cutting feed-in tariffs by 20%.

China’s success means that it is now viewed as an example to follow. Can other emerging economies of ASEAN do the same? The answer is dependent on whether they can deploy innovative policies as China did.

The following three pathways could help them. First, make measurable and binding targets. China made a commitment to produce 30% of its primary energy from non-fossil sources by 2030 as a pathway to reduce air pollution. It provided the key motivation for China’s solar revolution and for setting various incentives.

For the emerging economies of ASEAN, this will require an in-depth dialogue involving the business community and governments to set targets and give legal force to those targets.

Second, an integrated industrial and energy policy is essential for the rapid growth of solar industries, which must fiercely compete in international markets. There were corporate collapses and policy redesigns as the solar industry in China took off.

Most of the ASEAN countries are still not fully opened to foreign investments in the energy sector and have high import tariffs for low-carbon technologies.

Without overarching policy integration, the solar industry in these countries cannot get started.

Finally, they need an innovative profit model. Technological innovations show there are reliable ways for the solar industry to make profit. China is shifting subsidies from feed-in tariffs to auctions, after a period of market growth and stabilization.

ASEAN economies should carry out an in-depth assessment of their current policy approaches, and choose an approach that meet their climate change targets, market readiness for specific renewable energy technologies and design a system of complementary policies and subsidies that can generate multiple benefits.

In ASEAN, the subsidies for fossil fuels are substantial and the solar business development system is weak. Countries that complement technology investments with broader economic reforms and upgrading innovation skills will reap the solar dividends as China did.

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ANALYSIS: Solar glass

Company profiles AGC Asia Pacific Pte Ltd

Location: (Office) 460 Alexandra Road PSA Building #32-01 Singapore 119963 Products: Marketing and distribution of low-E and solar control glass Markets: ASEAN and other Asia Pacific countries Others: AGC Asia Pacific markets solar glass manufactured in AGC factories in ASEAN countries.

AGC Flat Glass (Thailand) Ltd

Location: Phra Samut Chedi, Samut Prakan, 10290, Thailand Products: Low-E and solar control glass, and float glass Markets: ASEAN and other Asia Pacific countries Others: AGC Flat Glass Thailand markets solar glass in Thailand and ASEAN countries.

Saint-Gobain Asia-Pacific’s South East Asia operations

Location: Bangkok, with Thai manufacturing in Amphur Pluakdaeng, Rayong 21140, Thailand Products: Solar glass, among others, and float glass Markets: Thailand and the South East Asia region, and others in Asia Pacific Others: For one of the leading global glass operators, Saint-Gobain, the Thai market is substantial one.

Thailand is Saint-Gobain’s South East Asia and its regional hub for supplies to the Asia Pacific countries, specially, to the ASEAN bloc markets.

AGC Flat Glass Philippines Inc

Location: Barrio Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City, NCR 1602, Philippines Products: Low-E and solar control glass, and float glass Markets: ASEAN and other Asia Pacific countries Others: AGC Flat Glass Philippines markets solar glass in Philippines and ASEAN countries.

AGC Flat Glass (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd

Location: Ara Damansara, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor DE , Malaysia Products: Low-E and solar control glass, and float glass Markets: ASEAN and other Asia Pacific countries Others: AGC Flat Glass Malaysia markets solar glass in Malaysia and ASEAN countries.

Malaysian Sheet Glass Sdn Bhd (MSG) (Owned by NSG Group of Japan)

Location: In Sungai Buloh, Selangor, and in Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia Products: Solar glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: It markets NSG and Pilkington’s solar glass in Malaysia and other ASEAN countries.

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PT Asahimas Flat Glass Tbk

Location: Kawasan Industri Indotaisei, Cikampek 41373, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Products: Solar glass, low-E and solar control glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Asahimas Flat Glass’ Cikampek energy saving plant is new with latest technology and opened in July, 2018, to produce among others ACG’s two well accepted solar glass, Stopray and T-Sunlux, products from offline coating facilities for interior and architecture.

Viglacera Float Glass Company (VIFG)

Location: Tan Dong Hiep Production Zone, Di An Town, Bin Duong Province, Vietnam Products: Solar glass, solar control low-e glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: It is a float and energy saving glass production unit under state-rn and stock market listed Viglacera Corporation JSC

Vietnam Float Glass Co Ltd (VFG) Location: Que Vo Industrial Park, Bac Ninh Province, Vietnam Products: Solar glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: A major manufacturersupplier of solar glass marketed by its partner, Viglacera Corporation, the state owned glass manufacturer of Japan.

NSG Vietnam Glass Industries Ltd

Revived plant: NSG’s 2nd solar float line in Vietnam, with total investment of JPY38 billion (about US$365 million) Start-up (planned): Second half of financial year 2020 Location: Dmy Xuana Industrial Zone, Tan Thanh District, Ba Ria Vung Tau Province, Vietnam Products: Solar control glass, solar energy glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Expanding production facilities of thin-film solar glass with mid- to long-term growth. The thin-film solar glass capacity expansion is conversion of suspended float line. NSG Vietnam Glass Industries Ltd was earlier founded as joint venture between NSG and state-run Vietnam Building Materials Corporation No.1 (FICO).

Indevco-Chu Lai Float Glass JSC (Chu Lai Glass)

Location: North Chu Lai Ind. Zone, Tam Hiep, Nui Thanh, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam Products: Low-E glass and solar control glass, and float glass Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Indevco-Chu Lai Float Glass produces low-E glass. It is major float glass manufacturer in Vietnam.

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Asian Glass Editorial & Distribution Schedule

A wealth of exciting opportunities… ✷ ON-PAGE: full and half display advertising

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OF 201 Vietnam: a country in focus 9 !!

Asia: the business of recycling China: an auto glass investor Asian ultrathin: movers and shakers SEE US AT: Architectural Glass Ukraine; Baku Glass 2019; FREE WITH THIS ISSUE - THE 2020 YEARPLANNER! ■ ■ ■ ■

AG20-1

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Façade recycling and re-use Turkey: a country in focus ■ Fenestraton trends: a window for today?

■ Make-up your mind: cosmetic packaging trends ■ Safety glass standards: matching requirements EVENTS: Glassman Asia, PV Japan, Eurasia Glass, Door & Window China, Glass Middle East, Egypt ■ ■

AG20-2

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Packaging: profiles and penetration ASEAN float glass supply dynamics Safety glass on the sub-continent Bonding and binding: silicones in Japan Southern China glass facades EVENTS: China Glass, Mir Stekla ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

AG20-3

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Glass façade inspection Keeping up appearances: container glass decoration Bangladesh: a market in focus Ultrathin glass: supply/demand dynamics Solar futures: an ASEAN approach to BIPV EVENTS: Intersolar Europe, Glassman Latin America, Glassbuild America, SNEC ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

AG20 -4

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Automotive glass in the Middle East Container glass: a new corporate landscape ■ Energy efficient glazing: a future hope?

■ Putting the fizz back: beverage packaging trends ■ PLUS: Adaptive facades using thin glass ■ ■

EVENTS: Glasstec, World Soda Ash

AG20 -5

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Container glass production costs Indonesia: benders and shapers Future glass for a modern Asia Thin glass in façade construction Chinese auto glass markets EVENTS: ZAK Glasstech, Glasstech Asia ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

AG20 -6

FREE IN SIDE The AG Y e a r p la n n e

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Thailand: a glass industry in focus State of the Art: the perfect Asian container factory Vacuum insulated glass: an outlook Scale of the problem: thin glass upgrades Float futures for China EVENTS: Architectural Glass Ukraine, PV Japan '21 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

FREE INSIDE: YOUR 2021 YEAR PLANNER

Ma xi mise you r exposu re, ma xi mise you r bu dget…

find out how by contacting: Paul Russell, Tel: +44 (0) 208 638 0619 Email: prussell@asianglass.com

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S S A L G F L GU , DUBAI OFFICIAL

Print and digital: the complete package Asian Glass is the only publication in the industry that offers the reader the full range of communication platforms to access the information contained in every issue. That means for advertisers and marketers, the magazine provides myriad opportunities for you to tailor your message accordingly. In addition to the print copies (5,000 on average, with bonus exhibition distributions), Asian Glass offers a complete, wholly owned digital solution too…at no extra cost!

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This is done on rotation, so that not everyone sees every issue, and as such creates that “must have” mentality that readers of Asian Glass possess in that they will be in constant contact for any copies they miss. By accessing the link, those in receipt can see the latest issue using full pageturning technology immediately, whilst waiting for the postal copy to arrive.

In-App… Being a pioneer of course, it’s not surprising to learn that Asian Glass was the first glass magazine to have a fully functioning App in the Apple and Android stores, which is FREE to download. Once the App is installed, readers receive push notifications when an issue is published, and can download it free of charge.

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By advertising with the printed version of Asian Glass, you not only obtain excellent profile in the industry’s most revered print publication, distributed to 5,000 companies on average per issue, you also immediately benefit from:

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ADVERTISER FEATURE

A+W Software: Creating the Smart Factory CURRENT PROJECTS

China Southern Glass: On the way to glass industry 4.0 with A+W software In the past year, China Southern Glass, the largest construction glass processor in China, has equipped all five of its architectural glass plants with state-of-the-art A+W optimization software.

The goal was to significantly reduce waste with retention of the desired sequence all across production.

After installing the A+W Sequence Optimizer, the productivity of all cutting tables in the five plants increased by an average of 20 % per shift.

But even that’s not enough: the next step is the complete integration of the A+W Rack Optimizer into the optimization concept, with which any desired sequence can be achieved at the end of the production lines with low waste or even less waste than before.

Continuous integration of all production systems With the installation of the A+W Business software suite and A+W Production, the Tianjin location is taking an important step toward the digital

integration of all production processes and successful use of the A+W Rack Optimizer. For China Southern Glass (CSG), A+W is the software partner for comprehensive networking of all systems in production and finally, for the realization of completely automated digitalized architectural glass production – step by step, factory by factory.

After completion of the projects, CSG will be the first construction glass company in China where glass industry 4.0 is implemented successfully. For CSG, this consistent digitalization is the most important prerequisite for the significant increasing of its productivity. Thanks to reduced waste and a significantly reduced C02 footprint, CSG will also be China’s first “green glass factory.”

Consistent digitalization at China Southern Glass: together with its software partner A+W, the prerequisites for increasing productivity and yield are provided

China Southern Glass is number 1 among the manufacturers of energy-saving glass in China and the best-known brand for solar/PV products and display glass; its products and technologies enjoy an outstanding reputation on both national and international markets. The company's main business includes research and development, production, manufacturing, and sales of high-quality float glass and performance architectural glass, as well as photovoltaic glass. As the first company that manufactured high-end energy-saving glass in China, today, CSG has the greatest production capacities in China in the architectural glass sector.

Crystal Safety Glass:

For the project “Almas Puteri Harbour” in Johor, Crystal Safety Glass delivered 10.38 mm clear laminated and 11.38 mm blue Low-E laminated glass

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New plant will be equipped completely with A+W software Crystal Safety Glass is one of Malaysia’s leading manufacturers of architectural and safety glass.

For its new plant in Kuala Lumpur, whose completion is projected for 2020, Crystal Safety Glass signed a contract with the German software company A+W for complete equipment of the new location with the premium software suite A+W Business and A+W Production.

Alfred Cortisse, Director Global Key Accounts A+W Software, “Crystal Safety Glass specializes

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in the production of a multitude of multi-level architectural and safety glass products. The previous ERP system supported only the commercial side and not production. With the A+W Business ERP system together with the A+W Production management system, the company will achieve the perfect integration of commercial processes with production, as well as digital networking all production systems. Thus, the cornerstones will be laid for continuous automation – A+W will make the plant into a smart factory.”

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ADVERTISER FEATURE

SOFT WARE NEWS

Digitalization Utilizing a Smartphone Camera: A+W iShape in Practice The German insulated glass manufacturer Wolff + Meier is blazing new trails with the digitalization of templates. What previously was considered a complex, time-consuming process can now be performed easily and flexibly with the A+W iShape app on a smartphone without calibration and expensive technology.

A+W iShape: pilot project at the insulated glass manufacturer Wolff + Meier

Dennis Weitmann, Production Manager at Wolff + Meier, is piloting A+W iShape with his team and using it in real-time operation, “The biggest advantage of A+W iShape is that we have a mobile solution that we can use to digitalize templates quickly and easily without occupying cutting tables. It’s easy. All I have to do is take a picture of the template, there’s no need to do much referencing in advance.

Digitalizing the shape is much faster than before because I can take care of it with a single photo.”

Dennis Weitmann photographs the template in front of a reference object, which the program uses to correct any distortions.

A+W’s software recognizes the contour and transforms it into a stream of points. This point stream is transformed into a shape defined by arcs and lines and the shape is then used for further processing.

Next, the shape is displayed in A+W’s CAD Designer software, where it is further refined. Here, incorrectly recognized contours, such as labels, traces of labels, or other fasteners, are corrected. In the end, you have a clean, exact CAD file for the template. The CNC files for production are generated directly in A+W CAD Designer. Half an hour after the “click” of the smartphone camera, you can produce the lite, precisely to the millimeter according to customer specifications.

The experiences of the Wolff + Meier production team are extremely valuable for the A+W developer team. As is the case for any software being piloted, there is always room for improvement. Thank you to Wolff + Meier for supplying practical ideas to A+W’s development team.

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The A+W iShape file is processed in the A+W CAD Optimizer …

… and done!

Watch the video on how IG producer Wolff + Meier uses A+W iShape every day.

Simply scan the QR code!

 Info: sales@a-w.com

AG 19-5 asianglass

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

The business of health

borosilicate glass thrives on pharma boom AG looks at how continued investment in the pharmaceutical packaging sector is driving demand for borosilicate glass

B

orosilicate glass investments in Asia have increased considerably in recent years, with the global borosilicate leader SCHOTT AG of Germany taking the usual lead. SCHOTT has embarked on a substantial expansions in China and India, as a part of its wellpublicised billion dollars investment worldwide by the first half of next decade.

According to SCHOTT, strong demand for its FIOLAX borosilicate glass tubing has prompted the construction of a new plant in Jinyun County, Zhejiang province, China, which is scheduled to start production in 2020 and will serve the Chinese market. The investments in the coming years for this plant will amount to over a hundred million US dollars, as indicated. SCHOTT will create 300 new jobs by opening the new plant, while it already has many hundred employees at several locations in China.

Constructing a new melting tank for manufacturing borosilicate glass tubing at its existing production site in Jambusar, Gujarat state, this year, will allow SCHOTT to expand its production capacity for FIOLAX tubing at its pharmaceutical glass plant in India. The investment volume, including the extension of the batch house, warehouses, a new chimney, and energy supply, amounts to around US$23 million. The investment also involves the creation of around 70 new jobs. A total of 380 people will be employed at the plant. Production of pharmaceutical FIOLAX tubing from the new tank is scheduled to begin in the second half of 2020.

A growing global demand for high quality pharmaceutical packaging, such as vials, syringes, ampoules and cartridges made of borosilicate glass and polymer, has prompted SCHOTT AG to build new production sites in China and Germany and go for expansion in India. It will invest in new lines and manufacturing technology around the world under a US$1 billion global investment in its worldwide pharmaceutical packaging business by 2025. The pharmaceutical packaging business of SCHOTT has got a new dimension all over Asia and the rest of the world because of its quality, according to the company.

SCHOTT is set to invest around 300 million Euros in the next three years in

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the expansion of its core business of glass tubing as the starting material for pharmaceutical packaging as well as pharmaceutical packaging made of glass and polymer, reinforcing its strong belief in overall growth in demand for these products, particularly, in Asia, and most specifically, in China. Production capacities will be significantly increased, mostly in Asia and Europe. The investment in new plant in Jinyun in China is expected to be over one hundred million Euros, in the first phase, 60 million Euros.

SCHOTT already owns two production facilities in China, including an integrated production facility in Suzhou and the other in Jinyun that was developed in a joint venture with Xinkang. A couple of years back it had a three year long investment of approximately US$33 million (Euros30 million) in those sites that included modernisation and expansion of the existing facilities in Suzhou to increase its overall production capacity in China by 50 percent. SCHOTT has embarked upon a fresh and larger investment in China as the country is poised to develop its pharmaceutical packaging.

“The pharmaceutical market is booming worldwide with a very high demand for premium pharmaceutical packaging and tubing”, said Dr. Patrick Markschlaeger, Executive Vice President at SCHOTT AG Business Unit Tubing. “In order to supply the rapidly growing domestic and Asian market, we are investing once again a multimillion-euro figure in our Jambusar site to increase our manufacturing capacity in India, and going to invest in much larger scale in China based new plant in Jinyun to cater the China’s domestic demand,” Patrick added.

Defect control

According to SCHOTT, its FIOLAX borosilicate glass tubing features a high hydrolytic resistance, which makes it an ideal material for primary packaging of medicines. In India, it is primarily used to manufacture glass vials and ampoules.

In line with the company’s aim to manufacture zero defect tubing, the new tank will feature the unique big data approach, ‘perfeXion’. The process, rolled-out globally by SCHOTT, ensures 100 percent quality control of each tube on the line

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

by using cameras, laser and IR inspection systems.

SCHOTT is combining Indian and European technologies and local skills in its Jambusar plant. “With the additional tank, we are also adding new workplaces,” said Georg Sparschuh, Managing Director, SCHOTT Glass India Pvt Ltd. The new tank will be built and equipped with the latest state-of-the art machinery according to the high standard of all SCHOTT tubing production sites. The Jambusar plant currently is a production hub for SCHOTT pharma tubing for Asia, under SCHOTT Glass India, which is a 100 percent owned subsidiary of SCHOTT. SCHOTT has recently set up perfeXion in Jambusar plant, stepping into a new era of quality processing to achieve exceptional quality control standards for its FIOLAX pharma glass tubing. perfeXion uses state-of-the-art cameras and lasers to pinpoint potential defects along the production line. By harnessing big data, the plant has moved from a statistical sample-based quality-control process to 100 per cent inspection of each FIOLAX tube.

“With our production capacity set to increase by another 50 percent through the ongoing expansion with new tank, an additional new plant, we look forward to the coming years for catering to the industry’s increasing requirements for domestic and export markets, for quality pharma packaging glass material. As part of the production network within SCHOTT’s tubing business unit, the new tank will be built and equipped with all latest state-of-the-art machinery as used in all other tubing factories worldwide,” said Executive Vice President Patrick.

SCHOTT estimates a robust growth in India for premium packaging. For tubing the growth to continue on a very strong level in the coming years. In addition to the supply of the domestic market, SCHOTT India will also serve the growing Asian market and India will be an important hub for the Asian regional market.

AGC Techno Glass Co (ATG/IWAKI Glasswares)

Location: Haibara-gun, Shizuoka, Japan Products: Borosilicate glass and tubes for medical, pharmaceutical, lighting, industrial, optical filters, and projector materials.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Glass for lighting, fluorescent lamps, industrial glass, and for physical, chemical, and medical usage are widely consumed worldwide including main markets of Japan, China and other Asian countries.

NIPRO CORPORATION Location: Biwako Factory, Sasatani, Yamadera-cho, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan Products: Borosilicate vials, ampoules, glass prefillable syringes, electric bulbs, etc.

Markets: Domestic and global markets Others: Japan’s Nipro is a major manufacturer of borosilicate tubing and pharmaceutical tube products, such as, vials and ampoules, in China, Russia and India.

Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd (NEG) Location: Otsu, Shiga-Takatsuki, Shiga 520-8639, Japan Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tubes for lighting, pharma and other industries.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: NEG has subsidiary manufacturing plants in Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan and China Nippon Electric Glass (Korea) Co Ltd Location: Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39266 South Korea Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tube products Markets: Domestic and export markets

New plant

In China, SCHOTT has been setting up a pharmaceutical tubing production site in Jinyun County in Zhejiang Province. The company will invest Euros60 million in the first phase to install a yearly capacity of up to 20,000 tons of glass tubing. The production is scheduled to start at the end of 2020.

In light of the growing demand for high quality Type 1 pharmaceutical tubing in China, SCHOTT will significantly invest into the tubing site for the production of FIOLAX tubing. “The new production site in Jinyun is a commitment to the development of the China market,” said Patrick. SCHOTT expects that the Jinyun site will feature the company’s most advanced production technology, which will strongly support the further development of the domestic pharmaceutical industry in China.

The demand for high-quality drug packaging products is further underlined through government initiatives and ever-growing patient safety standards. The new plant will enable SCHOTT to participate in the advancement of the Chinese pharmaceutical packaging industry.

Having a track record of more than 100 years’ experience in the global pharmaceutical packaging industry, SCHOTT will also provide and share glassrelated and regulatory know-how in China’s ever growing pharmaceutical packaging for domestic and world markets. In view of the increasingly stringent

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Samil Industry Co Ltd Location: Namdong Industrial Park, Incheon, South Korea Products: Borosilicate glass made tubular and other type level gauging items and sight glass (piping component to observe fluid flow inside pipeline visually).

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Samil Industry Co’s products are for customers mainly in petrochemical, oil and gas refinery, waste water disposal facility and nuclear/thermoelectric power plants.

Nippon Electric Glass Taiwan Co Ltd Location: Chungkang EP Zone, Wuqi District, Taichung City 43541, Taiwan Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tube products Markets: Domestic and export markets Franc Glasswork Co Ltd Location: Da an District, 106 Taipei City, Taiwan Products: Hand blown borosilicate glass a d glass tube Markets: Domestic and export markets Nippon Electric Glass (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd Location: Persiaran Jubli Perak, 40706 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tube products Markets: Domestic and export markets

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

regulatory framework to support patient safety standards in China, the demand for high quality drug packaging products is steadily increasing.

The new plant will supply the Chinese domestic pharmaceutical packaging market to aid its development. “We believe that healthy people make for a thriving society, SCHOTT has the experience, heritage and foresight to help make China’s vision ‘Healthy China 2030’ become reality,” said Patrick.

SCHOTT claims its FIOLAX glass tubing has become the first choice of glass packaging material in the world including China since it was launched a century ago. Due to its high level of performance concerning chemical and physical properties, FIOLAX is widely used for high-quality pharmaceutical containers, such as, vials, ampoules, cartridges and syringes, said the company.

The Jinyun plant will manufacture FIOLAX glass tubing, which is a 5.0 middle borosilicate glass. The manufacturing site will support the move away from the low borosilicate glass, known as 7.0 glass type, to the higher quality middle borosilicate glass, 5.0 glass type, which has good demand worldwide.

Production will be based on SCHOTT’s unique perfeXion process with 100 percent quality control of each individual tube and in accordance with the global quality criteria of SCHOTT tubing. SCHOTT expects that the new Chinese plant in Jinyun is an important link in deepening the global footprint for SCHOTT and will function as a manufacturing hub for the fast growing Chinese market.

Global borosilicate leader SCHOTT has expanded its markets in Asia for all types of its glasses and setup plants in China, India and Indonesia, to cater locally and through supplies from global operations. In addition to its long established pharmaceutical tubing glass and tube items sectors, SCHOTT is now concentrating into the huge markets of other technical and electronic glasses, including newly innovated aluminosilicate AS 87 Eco, for smart phone devices that need extra thin hard glass.

An increasing number of Asian producers of algae are using SCHOTT tubes, as all required components, such as, manifolds, coupling system and bends, are available from one source for a tubular algae growth reactor plant in established standard dimensions for budgetary installations and fast logistics. “With the development of special glass tubing with a thin wall, we enable algae producers to grow microorganisms even more efficiently,” said SCHOTT.

Innovative specialty

SCHOTT, the global market leader in borosilicate glass, is best known in Asia for a huge diverse range of applications with borosilicate glasses of all shapes, flat, tube, container, and others including innovative specialties. The manufacturers has production plants and efficient supply logistics in all top user countries in Asia for domestic consumption and exports regionally, even globally.

Its China plant in Zhejiang, Indonesia factory in Bekasi, Java, and India-based production units in Gujarat and Daman, provide quality pharmaceutical packaging solutions, mainly of vials and ampoules, for the domestic and other pharmaceutical markets to meet customers’ stringent requirements. The products are exported to the neighbouring countries with strategic marketing skills for greater access.

SCHOTT’s Indonesian operations primarily manufacture small-sealed vials known as ampoules, and about 50-60 percent of sales are targeted to derive from the domestic market while the remainder are exported to the Asia Pacific countries, mainly to East Asian buyers, such as, South Korea and Japan.

SCHOTT’s Asia Pacific operation suggests the region’s annual demand has some double digit growth.

Expanding demand

Borosilicate glass markets in Asia is steadily expanding at the world’s highest annual growth with production and consumption bases mainly concentrated in the Asia Pacific countries of Japan, China, India, South Korea, Taiwan and ASEAN bloc’s major industrial countries, where consumer demands mainly in the pharmaceutical, industrial and household sectors have tremendous increase following high economic growth since last two decades.

The Asia-Pacific markets absorb a massive amount of borosilicate glass and borosilicate tubing and tube products. Also the region consumes a huge amount

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Duraglas Sdn Bhd Location: Kepong Entreprenurs Park, 52100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Products: Borosilicate glass, glass tubes, tubing, rod, capillary, and others Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Duraglas provided a comprehensive range of standard borosilicate glass products, component and fabrication services Angeli Glass Location: Maywood Village 2, Parañaque City, 1716, Philippines Products: Borosilicate glass products and glass tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Blown and handcrafted manufacturer, using imported materials, specially from Corning USA. UFO Labglass (Singapore) Pte Ltd (Formally known as UFO Laboratory Glass Services) Location: Industrial Park A, Singapore 659526, Singapore Products: Borosilicate/quartz tubing and rod Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Product lengths and sizes are customized to fit the customers’ needs.

SCHOTT Glass India Location: Jambusar, Gujarat state, India Products: Borosilicate glass, tubing and tube products for pharmaceutical and industrial uses Markets: Domestic and export markets, mainly in Asia Others: SCHOTT Glass India is a growth facility for expanding sales in Asian countries.

SCHOTT KAISHA Locations: Bhimpore, Daman (Daman & Diu union territory) and Jambusar (Gujarat), India Products: Borosilicate ampoules, vials, cartridges and syringes Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Schott Kaisha is a 50:50 joint venture between SCHOTT and Kaisha Manufacturers Pvt Ltd. Gerresheimer Pharmaceutical Packaging Mumbai Pvt Ltd (Also Neutral Glass & Allied Industries Pvt Ltd) Location: Village Kunwarda, Taluka Mangrol Kosamba, Surat Distict, Gujarat, India Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Gerresheimer India operations, in addition to glass tubing and glass tube products, such as, ampoules, injection vials, cartridges, etc, also markets the company’s primary packaging glass for medicines and cosmetics, including pharma jars, perfume flacons and cream jars.

Nipro PharmaPackaging India Private Limited Location: Fitkari Village, Meerut-Mawana Road, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India Prooducts: Borosilicate medical glass tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: A unit of Japan’s Nipro Corporation. It manufactures glass products for medical purposes

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

of other glass tubes for purposes where heat, chemical and break resistance requirement is not as highly desired as in borosilicate based glass products. The Asian market is growing steadily at a rate almost double to that of global growth estimated for 2022 at some five percent. In some of the segments, including pharmaceuticals, the market is expected to expand better in the coming decade following rapid growth of GDP and resultant increase of consumption of goods and services where borosilicate glass items reign supreme.

Nipro Tube Glass Private Limited Location: Kulgaon-Badlapur, Ulhasnagar District Thane, India Products: Borosilicate glass tubes for vials, ampoules, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: A production unit of Japanese Nipro Corporation for manufacturing glass tubes for industrial purposes.

BOROSIL Glass Works Ltd Location: Bharuch, Gujarat, India Products: Borosilicate glasswares and borosilicate glass tubes.

Market: Domestic and export markets Others: India’s well known and market leader in borosilicate glassware manufacturing, particularly, in homewares and scientific and industrial glass tube products.

Aldrich Glass and Engineering Works Location: Dooravaninagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Products: Borosilicate glass tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets

Industry sources believe, in continued indispensable usage of borosilicate glasswares of various types for multiple purposes, including home and industrial needs, and especially of borosilicate glass tubes for pharmaceutical packaging, medical and laboratory items, gauging tools, lighting product manufacturers and others. The glass tubing manufacturers suggest their products are of futuristic quality with continuous improvement and innovations. Global leader SCHOTT, having production bases in Asia, claims with its innovative tubing perfeXionTM, it sets a new benchmark for process quality in pharmaceutical tubing.

Asia has, among others, three Japanese giants, AGC (Asahi Glass Co), Nipro Corporation and Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd (NEG), as leading manufacturers in borosilicate glass and glass tubing with combined sales of over a billion US dollars a year. Despite that, the rapid emergence of huge consumer markets in Asia has accommodated significant shares grabbed by the European and North American manufacturers, such as, Corning of USA and two German majors SCHOTT and Gerresheimer AG. Gerresheimer is greatly active in Asia. “To meet the increasing demand for glass tubing and glass tube products for pharmaceutical industry of Asia, our company will continue to strengthen the production base in the region, particularly in China and India,” said Jens Heymann, Senior Vice President Europe & Asia, Tubular Glass at Gerresheimer.

It competes with SCHOTT and others companies in Asian countries, where it produces pharma glass tube products, mainly, vials and ampoules. Its other core products include cartridges, laboratory vials and other specialty products in quality type I, II and III clear and amber borosilicate glass. Gerresheimer manufactures vials with capacities of between 1 and 50 ml.

For SCHOTT, Asia with its huge growth potential ranks as one of the most important markets for the future, for its all types of glass products, in which borosilicate items hold a major part. SCHOTT’s global sales in 2017-18 posted 2.08 billion euros, 86 percent generated outside of Germany, its home. Asia Pacific generated 25 percent of the sales, second to Europe’s 46 percent. The company has 15,500 employees worldwide, 5,550 of whom are in Germany

PT. SCHOTT Igar Glass Pharmaceutical Packaging Location: Delta Silicon Industrial Park, 17550 Lippo CikarangBekasi 17550, Indonesia Products: Borosilicate glass, tubing and tube products for pharmaceutical and industrial uses Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Manufactures some 500 million vials, ampoules, pipettes and special articles per year for the pharmaceutical markets of Indonesia and neighbouring Asia Pacific countries.

PT Iwaki Glass Indonesia (IGI) (Japan’s AGC unit) Location: Kawasan Industri Dwipapuri Abadi, Kabupaten Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia Products: Borosilicate glasswares and laboratory products with IWAKI (previous PYREX) brand.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Manufactures borosilicate glasswares and laboratory products with “PYREX” brand name.

AGC Techno Glass (Thailand) Co Ltd Location: Don Huaro, Thailand Products: Borosilicate glasswares and tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: AGC Techno Glass Thailand is the first high-resistant borosilicate glassware and glass tube manufacturer in Thailand. The glasses are used for medical, laboratory, household and electrical appliances.

L. Lighting Glass Company Limited (L.L.G.) Location: Bangna-Trad Km 52, Thakam, Bangpakong, Chachoengsao, Thailand Products: Borosilicate and alternative low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube for lighting items.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: L.L.G. claims to have been producing and marketing own patented high heat and break resistant hard glass, also as alternatives to borosilicate glass.

Chinese brands

The demand for borosilicate glass has been rising steadily in China and other

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

Rang Dong Light Source & Vacuum Flask Joint Stock Company Location: 2 production units, in Hanoi and Bac Ninh provinces, Vietnam.

Products: soda-lime glass tube, lighting glass and other glasswares Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Reportedly, the company is expecting to add a borosilicate furnace in future Paidar Hong Glass (A JV unit of Balochistan Glass Limited) Location: Near Lahore (Punjab), Pakistan Products: High-quality Borosilicate USP Type-1 amber and clear glass tubing using the Danner process.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Balochistan Glass Limited entered the joint venture with China’s Globallink Glass Technology & Equipment to set up the plant at around US$10 million. It is scheduled to commence production by the middle of 2017.

Asian countries, according to the industry sources. With steady growth in demand, in China’s domestic markets, as well as, in the world market, many Chinese borosilicate glass manufacturing companies emerged with lots of products in recent years. They are continuing with their expansions and new investments. In borosilicate glass manufacturing and exports, China is now the most influential, not only in Asia, but also throughout the world, for its rapidly expanding exports to the world markets, including Europe and North America, according to industry sources.

China’s and also of Asia’s one of the largest high-heat resistant borosilicate glass manufacturer Yaohui Group’s Yaohui Solar brand for tubes and Lehe brand household and table wares have emerged as China’s premier and Asia’s most aggressive borosilicate glass manufacturers.

Yaohui Group has a massive production base. Established in 2002, and spread over Shandong, Yanzhou and Hubei, Yaohui has over 1,600 employees and a production area of about half a million square meters. It consists of three branches, Shandong Yaohui Solar Co Ltd, Yanzhou Yaohui New Energy Co Ltd, and Hubei Yaohui Solar Co Ltd. A leader in China’s high-borosilicate glass industry and one of the world’s new best known manufacturers of specialty glass, Yaohui Group is seriously engaged in research and development of high-borosilicate glass products and other specialty glasswares and gaining markets worldwide. Yaohui said it produces more than 60 percent of all vacuum heat-collecting tubes used by Chinese producers of solar water heaters.

The output mainly consists of high-borosilicate heat-resistant glasswares and airtight glass containers, high-borosilicate glass tubes used for solar thermal power generation, specialty high-borosilicate glass tubes used for solar water heaters and other high-borosilicate glass tubes, and machine made lighting borosilicate glass bulbs and lighting glass tubes. “We produce specialty high-borosilicate glass tubes used for solar thermal power generation using unique production and processing technology, and are the only company in the world using this advanced technology to produce large-diameter specialty glass tubes, which are also exported to Europe and North America, especially, to German companies,” claims Yaohui.

The group mainly produces high borosilicate glass tubes, which are mostly used for solar water heaters, machine processed electric light source hard glass bulbs and as assorted tubes. It has 15 all-electric melting furnaces, 12 of which are large-sized energy-saving, with an annual production capacity of high borosilicate glass tubes of up to 120,000 tons. The products are mainly supplied to China’s famous brand solar energy production enterprises such as Himin, Taiyangyu, Sunshore, HuaYang, Tianpu, Sangle and Tsing Hua Sunny.

Yaohui boasts the outstanding workmanship and technology and modernised equipment for testing and quality inspection. The manufacturing group claim, its

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Easyway (Hong Kong) International Group Location: Hong Kong Products: Borosilicate glasswares and tablewares.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Gerresheimer Shuangfeng Pharmaceutical Glass (Danyang) Co Ltd Location: Danyang, Jiangsu Province, China Products: Borosilicate glass and glass tubes, pharmaceutical vials, ampoules and cartridges.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Gerresheimer Shuangfeng also has a second production plant in Danyang exclusively for pharmaceutical vials. In addition, it manufactures vials and ampoules in Zhenjiang, also in the Jiangsu Province. Four other plants also manufacture in China.

SCHOTT Xinkang Pharmaceutical Packaging Co Ltd (Schott AG wholly owned) Location: Zuoku Industrial Zone, Huzhen, Jinyun County, Lishui, Zhejiang, China, 321404 Products: Borosilicate glass vials, ampoules, cartridges, tubing and tube products, etc.

Markets: Domestic (mainly for local customers) and export markets Others: Originally, a joint venture (Schott Xinkang), the manufacturing company in Jinyun is now wholly owned by Schott AG. Electric Glass (Shanghai) Co Ltd Location: Xinzhuang Industrial Park, Minhang District, Shanghai, China Products: Borosilicate glass tubing and glass tube products Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Japanese NEG’s China based production unit. NEG’s other China units are Electric Glass (Guangzhou), Electric Glass (Xiamen), and Electric Glass (Nanjing).

Shandong Yanzhou Yaohui Solar Co Ltd Location: Yanzhou City, Shandong Province, China Products: High borosilicate glasswares and borosilicate glass tubes and bulbs. Used for solar water heaters, machine processed electric light source hard glass bulbs and assorted tubes.

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ANALYSIS: Borosilicate

solar glass tubes enjoy a market share of more than 25 percent in China and the product quality ranks first in the same industry in China.

Its electric light source hard glass bulbs and assorted tubes as well as infrared lamp glass bulbs, with production of up to 30,000 tons annually, are widely used in high intensity discharging lamps, such as, metal halogen lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and high-pressure mercury lamps, as well as, bathroom heat lamps.

Among others, Yanzhou Yaohui Solar Co has become a large-scale supplier of glass tubes specially for lighting to major electrical lighting product manufacturers Osram, Philips, Shanghai Yaming, Nanjing Jingwei Electric, Shanghai Yangtai Lighting, Huang Ming, Sun Rain, Sangxia, Hua Yang, Tian Pu, Sang Le, Tsinghua Sunshine, etc. The products are also sold to South Korea, India, Europe, South America and other countries and regions.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Engaged in the production and development of solar energy glass tubes, machine-processed electric light source hard glass bulbs and assorted tubes.

Lehe Homewares of Shandong Yanzhou Yaohui Solar Co Ltd Location: Yanzhou City, Shandong Province, China Products: High borosilicate glasswares for food packaging and home uses.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Yaohui grroup’s Lehe homewares focus on the manufacture of high-borosilicate heat-resistant glasswares, with advanced production technology, strict quality inspection and efficient cost control for industrial packaging and home consumers.

Zhengchuan Pharmaceutical Packaging Co Ltd Location: Beibei, Chongqing, China Products: Low-borosilicate glasswares, low-borosilicate glass tubular injection vials and others Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Brand Zhengchuan Glass. Its production capacity is 10 million pieces of bottles, ampoules and tubes per month. The manufacturer claims its annual turnover is over US$80 million.

Shandong HonHai Industrial Company Limited Location: Jinan, Shandong, China Products: Borosilicate colour and clear glass tubing, neutral pharmaceutical glass tubing (USP type 1), vials, ampoules, borosilicate glass cylinders, borosilicate float glass sheets, moulded vials, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Shandong Zhonglu Glassware Co Ltd Location: Tangwang Town, Licheng District, Jinan, Shandong, China Products: High heat-resistant borosilicate glasswares, including glass dinner sets, glass containers, glass bakewares, glass lids, pyrex glass, glass casseroles, glass storage sets, glass plates and bowls, microwave glasswares, glass ovenwares, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Shanghai Nanhui Light Glass Instrument Co Ltd Location: Shanghai, China Products: Borosilicate glass, borosilicate glass tubes, pyrex glass tubes, quartz glass tubes, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets.

Sinosun Impex Co Ltd

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Smaller Chinese borosilicate companies Hejian Huari Glass Artware Factory Location: Zhangtiangong, Shawa Xiang, Hejian, Hebei, China Yaohui group’s LeheSolar homewares on the manufacture Yongkang Jiulong Energyfocus Development Co Ltd and supply of highborosilicate glasswares, throughZhejiang, advancedChina production technology, Location:heat-resistant Yongdong Erxian, Yongkang, strict quality inspection and efficient cost control for industrial users and home Beijing Glass Group Corporation consumers quality and cost-effective Location:with Changqingyuan, Chongwenproducts.

Dists, Beijing, China The company’s customer portfolio Corning, Locke, IKEA, NEOFLAM, Shandong Hecheng Industrial Coincludes Ltd KOMAX, etc,Guyun with brands Supor,Shandong, Erie and many others. Yaohui homeware Location: Town,Midea, Shenxian, China brands, such as, ‘Lehe’ and ‘Music Shandong Linuo Group Co Ltdand Home’ products with excellent quality and perfect service, are gaining more and more customers the food packaging Location: High-tech Development Zone, Jinan,among Shandong, China companies and individual users.

Jiangsu Dongtai Group Co LtdLehe officials said the company has been constantly developing products to meet the health Location:updating Xiangfuand Street, Qixu Town, Taixing, Jiangsu, Chinaof household consumers, and for Glass green Factory environment products to support the quality of life Huailai Industry expectations.

Location: Dongdajie, Shacheng Town, Huailai, Hebei, China Location: Shandong, China Products: borosilicate glass tubes and rods, pharmaceutical glass tubes, glass ampoules, glass vials, thermometer glass tubes, glass desiccators, borosilicate glass sheets, etc Markets: Domestic and export markets.

Scinan Specialty Glass Co Ltd (Qinhuangdao Yaohua Borosilicate Glass Co Ltd) Location: Haigang District, Qinhuangdao, Hebei province, China Products: Borosilicate glasswares, fire resistant glass, oven/fireplace panels, microwave trays, safety spectacles, lighting glass, solar cell base plates, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Huailai Lomax Glass Co Ltd Location: Shacheng, Huailai County, Zhangjiakou, Hebei province, China Products: Borosilicate glass, lab glasswares, sight glass, etc.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Others: Lomax makes pyrex borosilicate glass tubes and rods Huailai Tianyuan Special Type Glass Co Ltd Location: Shacheng, Huailai County, Zhangjiakou, Hebei province, China Products: Borosilicate glass tubes and rods, borosilicate glass tablewares and other borosilicate glass.

Markets: Domestic and export markets Wuhu Jiahe Glass Art Co Ltd Location: Wuhu, Anhui, China Products: Borosilicate glass products and quartz glass.

Markets: Domestic and export markets.

Shenzhen Easyway Household Co Ltd Location: Luohu District, 518002 Shenzhen, China Products: Borosilicate glasswares Markets: Domestic and export markets Beijing New Highlight Photo-Electric Technology Co Ltd Location: Haidian District Beijing 100089, China Products: Biorosilicate glass and glass tubes Markets: Domestic and export markets Shanghai Md Glassware Manufacture Co Ltd Location: Shanghai, 200336 Shanghai, Products: Borosilicate glass and borosilicate glass tube Markets: Domestic and export markets.

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ANALYSIS: Facades

Covering the bases adaptive façades made from thin glass Jürgen Neugebauer, Markus Wallner-Novak, Christian Wrulich, Marco Baumgartner, Simon Kalteis of the University of Applied Sciences, FHJoanneum, Josef Ressel Centre for Thin Glass Technology for Structural Glass Application discuss developments in thin glass applications in the ever-evolving world of façade design…

F

açades play an important role in the control of energy flow and energy consumption in buildings as they represent the interface between the outdoor environment and the indoor occupied space. The option of regulating internal and external conditions acquires great relevance in new approaches to sustainable building solutions. Studies on climate adaptive façades show a very high potential for improved indoor environmental quality conditions and energy savings by moveable façades. A number of movable façades were realized in the past, but the use of thin glass with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm opens a brand-new field, that allows for playing with the geometry of the outer skin and the opportunity to make it adaptive by movement.

Thin glass requires for curved surfaces in order to gain structural stiffness in static use. In kinetic façades the high flexibility of thin glass allows for new options for changes in size and position by bending of elements rather than implementing hinges in a system of foldable rigid panels. The geometry is based on the known theory of developable surfaces for keeping a low stress-level during movement.

Façades may therefore be created from cold bent or curved laminated thin glass layers which provide better sealing, greater simplicity in construction, robustness and durability of moveable components which may be actuated or move autonomously.

By application of the principles of conventional moveable façades to bendable geometries a new toolset may be provided for the design process by architects.

systematically gather existing knowledge about general moveable structures in buildings and apply this expertise to façades made from thin glass as for example climate adaptive building shells. Based on experiences with prototypes both at model scale and real size, computer models were carried out and tested in terms of kinematics of bending using Rhinoceros 3D with Grasshopper and other plugins from the Rhino environment.

As a key point the real size model of a movable canopy presented at the Glasstec 2014 in Düsseldorf, Germany, as shown in figure 01 below, was an excellent demonstrator for the potential that lies in the utilization of thin glass in moveable structures. This canopy was also the initial point for the application for the research project mentioned above. Several prototype models were first studied in computer models to evaluate their feasibility and subsequently built as cardboard-models or transparent synthetic models to gradually optimize the system to finally build the real-life application.

R&D based

2016 a research centre, “Josef Ressel Centre for Thin Glass Technology for Structural Glass Applications”, was launched and deals, for example, with the topics of the determination of the ultimate bending strength of thin glass, explores new fields of applications for thin glass or creates new design possibilities for architects. Another aim of this research centre is to

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Figure 1 Movable canopy

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ANALYSIS: Facades

Adaptive components

The Adaptivity (lat. adaptare: adapt, adjust) is the reaction to environmental boundary conditions and may be applied to the field of thin glass applications. Both, reactions and boundary conditions are diverse. Facades commonly have to meet requirements concerning structural safety, air tightness, visibility, lighting, temperature and precipitation. Reactions may be changes in transparency, light guiding, ventilation and others. In the following, movement of thin glass edges and thin glass elements are considered as application for thin glass façades provided in this paper.

The autonomous ones could be either directly driven from an autonomous actuator by transforming the physical shape change of the actuator to a movement or indirectly driven by an electronic circuit that translates a measured sensor input to an individual drive device or to a number of synchronized devices.

Changes in the geometry require for a motion-sequence derived from measured information. In the case of autonomously moved elements, a direct actuation by physical effects may be scaled up to the actual movement my simple mechanical multiplier units such as scissor or lever elements. Electric energy as well as physical impulses such as temperature, air humidity, light or pressure can be used as triggers for the flow of information.

Concerning adaptivity, a promising type concerning robustness and sustainability are direct autonomous systems, which function independently of energy supply. In figure 02 individual components of adaptive systems are shown.

As mentioned in figure 02 above, the components are combined to build adaptive systems. The components that are required for adaptivity are specified in the following subchapters.

changes on a few occasions. Smart materials have permanent reversible characteristics, which can be triggered by physical influences such as temperature, light, pressure, electrical impulses, magnetic impulses or chemical impulses. [1] The greatest advantage of autonomous powering systems is a permanent workflow and no dependence on, for example, energy. Various forms of autonomous actuators are shown in the following chapter entitled “Adaptive Systems”.

Controlled actuators

The transferred command from sensor technology is part of the process cycle and initiates the actuator, as shown in figure 3. With controlled systems, process engineering is relevant, for example, electric energy is converted as a signal through electrical linear actuators into a linear motion.

Figure 3 Electric linear actuator [2]

Multiplicators

Figure 2 components for adaptive systems

Multiplicators are used to increase the efficiency of a system. Mechanical motion driven by the actuator is a product of force and path. As an example, a small displacement u of point C to C´ is transformed to scaled movement of points A to A´ and B to B´, as in the lever system shown in figure 4. Depending on the geometry the transformation may be set as desired.

Generally multiplying units can be built as gears, belt drives and others and can also be used as a force multiplying process which can be carried out in a rotary or linear fashion. [3]

Sensor technology

Environmental surroundings such as temperature, air humidity, solar radiation can be quantified with sensors such as thermometers, hygrometers or pyranometers, and these surroundings can be converted into electrical impulses. Those impulses conduce the system controlling to generate the operating signals for actuator movements.

Actuators

The incoming signals from sensors initiate movement by actuators. The function of the latter is to power a system or mechanism. Actuators can be separated into two groups, autonomous and controlled actuators.

Figure 4 Lever system / JRC

Autonomous actuators

Adaptive Systems

Intelligent materials take on the task of the sensors to control themselves without the use of control technology. Adaptive functional materials can be divided into two groups: semi- smart materials are able to adopt

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The most impressive way to work with adaptive systems is by using autonomous elements. Self-regulation of those systems is the result of the correct combination of various components and the purpose is to create autonomous façade applications.

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ANALYSIS: Facades

Figure 5 Changes of form, transparency and aggregation state which are the result of influences such as air humidity, temperature or light.

Two strategies of adapting façades are described in the following sub-categories: the transparency of façades as well as the way façade applications can be moved, both of which can be carried out autonomously.

View

Primarily, the function of façades is to separate the interior and exterior.

Furthermore, aesthetics and design are of architectural importance and structural-physical values are responsible for comfort. Even if the level of transparency in façades is relevant for the light intensity in the room, they cannot protect from overheating due to solarisation. Therefore, creating autonomous regulation is a factor to save energy over the entire life cycle.

Thermochromic resin layers with nanocapsule structure, located between the glass layers, can be used as a switching tool. The level of transparency is a result of the nanostructure, which enables solar radiation to pass through the resin layer. In order to achieve the switching temperature, the structure of the nanocapsules change and become diffused which, in turn, increases reflection. [4] & [5]

Figure 7 Thermochromic glazing in low (a) and high (b) temperature state, [6]

achieved after drying out. Using humidity to change wood is based on three major parameters: dimensional ratio, grain orientation and lamination. [7] The hygroscopic properties of a cone - which is in a closed state during wet conditions and in an opened state in dry times, when the seeds can be spread by winds - can therefore be functionally reproduced by wooden bilayer constructions composed of a resistant and of an actuation layer. [8] Adaptive façades made from thin glass can be regulated by bi-wood constructions. The dependence of wood on humidity and its return to its original state after drying and moistening in combination with lamination of the bilayers, are an attractive option to power autonomous systems.

Figure 8 Shape transformations of bi-layered wood due to hygroscopic properties, through A) twisting, B) bending, C) sinusoidal curved. [9]

Bi-metal Figure 6 Functional principle of thermotropic laminated glass, [4]

Motion Bi-wood

Various parameters, such as thickness, type of wood and content of moisture can be used to control and design the behaviour of wood. The reaction of wood to humidity is invertible, meaning that the initial state of wood is

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Actuators made of bi-metal are thermally active elements which continuously deform owing to thermal variation. Bi-metal in form of stripes, ribbons or rolls are common examples of use. More specific applications are thermal snap discs and elements that work discontinuously owing to their geometry. A coating process, galvanic or chemical, further improves the corrosion resistance of the elements. [10] Bi-metal ribbons fixed to thin glass might be used as an autonomous temperature control system for façades. A rise in temperature due to solarisation, the shade or air ventilation systems work due to deformation of the façade application.

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Via Abbondanza, 11/13 - 22070 Carbonate (CO) IT Tel. +39 0331.832713 - info@adeliolattuada.com w w w . a d e l i o l a t t u a d a . c o m

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ANALYSIS: Facades

Figure 9 Bi-metal ribbon, [10]

Infinity lights is the solution, designed in the range of a master-thesis, for a skyscraper in Manhattan. Thin glass modules are used to guide natural light. With different angles, as mentioned in figure 11, the façade reacts to the sun position and allows natural light far into the interior space.

The maximal angles of the reflection element are structurally specified the transport of light is connected to the atmosphere of the indoor daylighting.

The kinematics in this structure, shown in figure 12, follow a linear motion sequence. The force generates tensile forces in the vertical nonlocating bearing, which are directed by two bars in a horizontal nonlocating bearing and thus trigger movement H. The dashed line shows the change in position of the system.

Shape memory alloy

Shape memory alloy actuators take up the original position using temperature variation. Disposable elements change their form when heated.

In contrast, two-way components take on a high temperature form when heated and a low temperature shape when cooled. Another specific model is a shape memory alloy system which works with a disposable element and a counteracting force. It is an economic, self-sufficient solution enabled by reversible deformation, as displayed in figure 10. [10]

Figure 12 Kinematics of the façade system

Self-regulating air ventilation

Figure 10 schematic shape memory alloy effect, [11]

For thin glass applications in façades, shape memory alloys are another way of generating motion. If solarisation activates thin wires, the contraction due to the shape memory alloy enables the deformation of thin glass. [12] Especially the advantage of several positions that can be perceived are of particular interest for energy generation – PV elements.

This model, vertical, rectangular façade elements overlap in the fashion of roof tiles. To enable air ventilation, based on a given surface temperature of the façade, bi-metal ribbons or shape memory alloy wires are fixed at both vertical edges. The movement of the end points in z-direction is creating the gathering, as shown in figure 13. The advantages of this idea are a small path of movement and a larger opening. Furthermore, it is an autonomous form of air ventilation control and causes the thin ribbons or wires to be discreet in design solutions.

The self-regulating air ventilation system is designed as a double-skinfaçade, the interspace can be cooled using the stack-effect, especially in the case of overheating in summer.

Thin Glass Applications in façades Infinity lights

Figure 13 Opening process for air ventilation, a) closed, b) opening process, c) opened / JRZ

Thin film photovoltaic

Figure 11 Various sun positions and opening angles

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A combination of energy and shade production were the goals of Sheila Kennedy’s Soft House. [13] These aspects were the initial idea for using thin glass elements as façade with vapor-deposited thin film photovoltaic technology. The advantages are powerful: adaptable orientation of the modules due to sun position and the production of energy in connection with shading, as can be seen in figure 14.

This application is mainly used for south-orientated façades. The outer

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Since 1947, Henry F. Teichmann, Inc. has grown and progressed on the theme: “Satisfied clients are our most important asset.” Our employees are practical, conscientious, and experienced in every phase of the glass industry. As a result of our clients’ successes, we have become recognized worldwide as one of the largest independent – Engineers and Contractors to the Glass Industry.

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ANALYSIS: Facades

Acknowledgement Figure 14 Opening process for air ventilation, a) closed, b) opening process, c) opened

layer of the double-skin-façade is triggered to enable the tracing of the solar altitude.

The initial form of the thin glass element is a part of a cylinder. By defining a rotation point in the centre of the fixing rails on the top and the bottom of each element, a minimum movement is needed to change the direction of the surface, see in figure 15, therefore less energy and time is needed to adjust each element to the optimal position concerning the incidence angle of current sunlight.

The concept takes advantages of shape and material properties of thin glass to produce environmentally friendly energy but also provides flexible design options for façades as the resulting conical forms offer a various amount of different appearances.

Figure 15 Kinematics of the façade system

The future

The aim of this research work is to find new fields of application for thin glass in buildings. One kind of new application is the field of movable and adaptive systems. Due to the high flexibility of thin glass, new design options for example of facades become feasible in comparison to regular thicknesses of glass. Based on the known theory of developable surface new kinds of “organic” facades can be designed. With cold bend glass or curved laminated safety glass produced by laminating glass plies, very interesting elements in the facades can be achieved. Possibilities of movement, with the meaning of a permanent bending of thin glass, for example for elements of the façade which can be opened and closed, creates new tools for the design process of architects.

The research work in future will explore new fields of application for thin glass. These new applications should be categorized according to their concept, for example, the theory of developable surfaces or curved folding. Based on the two basic types of movement - translation and rotation and their combination – new “lively” systems of thin glass structures will be developed

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This article is the result of a project by the research centre named the “Josef Ressel Centre for Thin Glass Technology for Structural for Structural Glass Applications” funded by the Austrian “Christin Doppler Research Association” and is supported by industry partners SFL Engineering GmbH and LISEC Austria GmbH

References

[1] Schumacher, Michael; Schaeffer, Oliver; Vogt, Michael-Marcus.

(2010). Move architecture in motion: dynamic components and elements in architecture. Basel: Birkhäuser.

[2] Alibaba (Hrsg.): <https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/LMI10Series-Electric-Linear-Actuatorsfor_50030493193.html>. 24.04.2019 [3] Novacki, Zoran: Wandelbare lineare Tragsysteme – Analyse und Neuentwicklung. [Diss. TU München, Fakultät für Architetkur 2014] S.20 ff [4] Rabe, Christian / Frauenhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP (Hrsg.): Solardim-Eco. High energy savings through a self-regulating solar protection glazing. <https://www.iap.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ iap/en/documents/FB2/ Solardim_ECO_Fraunhofer-IAP.pdf>. 10.04.2019 [5] Bianco, Lorenza; Goia, Francesco; Serra, Valentina; Zinzi Michele (2015): Thermal and optical properties of a thermotropic glass pane: laboratory and in-field characterization. IBPC 2015.

[6] Seeboth, Arno; Lötzsch, Detlef: Thermochromic and Thermotropic Materials. [eBook] 2014. S.181 [7] Abdelmohsen, Sherif; Adriaenssens, Sigrid; Gabriele, Stefano; Olivieri, Luigi; El-Dabaa, Rana (2019): Hygroscapes: Innovative Shape Shifting Façades. In: Digital Wood Design. 2019.

[8] Poppinga, Simon; Zollfrank, Cordt; Prucker, Oswald; Rühe, Jürgen; Menges, Achim; Cheng, Tiffany; Speck, Thomas: Toward a New Generation of Smart Biomimetic Actuators for Architecture. In: Advances Materials; 1703653, 2017.

[9] Holstov, Artem; Farmer, Graham; Bridgens, Ben (2017): Sustainable Materialisation of Responsive Architecture. In: Sustainability, Volume 9, Issue 3. 2017.

[10] G.Rau GmbH & Co KG (Hrsg.): Produktbroschuere. <https://www.grau.de/fileadmin/gustavrau/downloads/service/downloads/produktbeschreibung/Produktbroschuere_web.pdf>. 08.04.2019 [11] G.Rau GmbH & Co KG (Hrsg.): Thermische Aktuatoren. <https:// www.g-rau.de/fileadmin/gustavrau/downloads/service/downloads/Thermische_Aktoren.pdf>. 08.04.2019 [12] Louter, Christian: Dünnglaskonzepte für architektonische Anwendungen. In: Weller, Bernhard; Tasche, Silke (Hrsg.): Glasbau 2019. Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn Verlag. 2019, S.242-243 [13] Stauffer, Nancy W., MIT Energy Initiative (04.06.2013): Building facades that move, textiles that illuminate. <http://energy.mit.edu/news/ building-façades-that-move-textiles-that-illuminate/>. 12.04.2019

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ADVERTISER FEATURE

INTERMAC AT VITRUM: THE FUTURE IS HERE Intermac exhibits the future of Industry 4.0 at Vitrum: innovative, revolutionary technologies that enable tomorrow’s factory to be conceived today.

Guided by the Automaction concept, Intermac will set out to affirm and further strengthen the relationship between humans and robots.

Visitors will be able to observe automated process solutions close at hand, along with robot cells that can offer various levels of customisation, modularity and flexibility within the system.

Intermac constantly redesigns the future of production and at the Vitrum trade fair, the company will show how benefits can be obtained from the integration of technology with ROS (Robotically Operated Systems). These ROS, which stand out for their reduced dimensions, can be inserted into the production flow with extreme flexibility, optimising machining cycles and combining versatility with efficiency and high return on investment. The ROS will be at the service of the Master One 3-axis machining centre dedicated to glass processing - a solution which is capable of performing the full range of machining operations without compromising on performance, and which can be easily integrated into the production flow, where all the intrinsic characteristics of ROS are enhanced.

The Comby Plus R-A37 version of the Genius CT-Plus will be in action on the stand; with innovative Intermac- patented vertical buffer technology, this machine represents the ideal solution for customers who want to achieve maximum productivity with minimal working dimensions, reduced processing times and high cutting precision. The cutting line is completed by the Movetro handling and storage systems: thanks to the Swift shuttle with 4 regular positions, this is the perfect piece of technology for storing and handling sheets of glass in a very small space.

Among the innovations launched on the market in 2019, the Aqua range of products is of particular note; it consists of a series of vertical washing machines that can be fully integrated with Intermac vertical machining centres, allowing the processed glass to be washed and dried to the very highest standards. Integrating the Aqua washing machines enables the glass sheets to be perfectly prepared for the next machining operation, or for leaving the processing cycle.

In addition, Vitrum will see the launch of the revolutionary innovative technology for quick tooling of the Busetti Serie F double-edging grinding range of products: the latter will be equipped with a new tool change system on the Intermac-patented corner-rounding unit. Courtesy of this solution, tool replacement times are reduced to under 2 minutes.

The Digital Hub

The stand will rotate around the Digital Hub—a link between the software packages—where visitors can examine the true heart of the applications installed on Intermac technology. The hub of the digital connections of the platforms will be on show in the

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dedicated area, with specialised technical personnel on hand: within the Digital Hub, all the functions of the software installed on the Intermac technologies will be on display, including SOPHIA, the IoT service platform that provides real time information and data through intuitive dashboards with the aim of improving personalised interaction with the customer on the basis of the machine and reducing assistance times even further.

Diamut, tooling division

The 2019 edition of Vitrum will also see the participation of Diamut in an all-new exhibition space (Hall 5 - Stand L09 M10); the company’s presence at this major international event will be marked by a number of significant innovations in the world of cup grinding solutions. Diamut will be the star at the Intermac stand too, with an internal Demo Area revealing the machining results obtained with tools guided by the refined technology of the machines of Biesse Group’s glass division.

Intermac’s expert technical and commercial staff on the stand will be on hand to assist visitors, providing concrete answers and detailed information on all of the cutting-edge solutions in the range, as well as delivering insights into the collaborative robotics and handling and storage systems that enable custom turnkey factories to be created.

Intermac is the Biesse Group division that handles the production and sale of equipment and systems for machining glass, stone and metal. Established in Pesaro in 1987 by Giancarlo Selci, it rapidly managed to achieve a leadership position in the sectors it operates in and has earned the trust of successful companies that operate in a variety of industrial sectors, from construction to interior design and from the automotive to the aviation industry. Through a vast and extensive distribution network of branches, dealers and agents, Intermac offers attentive, personalised assistance to customers, from pre-sales consultation to post-sales and spare parts services.

BIESSE S.p.A. - Biesse Group is a global leader in technology for processing wood, glass, stone, plastic, and metal. It designs, manufactures construction, ship-building and aerospace industries. It invests an average of €14 million per year in R&D, boasting over 200 registered patents. The company operates through 12 industrial sites, 39 branches, and 300 agents and selected dealers, exporting 90% of its production. Its customers include some of the most prestigious names in Italian and international design. Founded in Pesaro in 1969 by Giancarlo Selci, Biesse SpA has been listed in the STAR segment of the Italian Stock Exchange since June 2001, and is currently included in the FTSE IT Mid Cap index. It currently has 4400 employees worldwide.

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Grinding to the top…

In the first of a new section within AG, we talk to Tony Day, managing director of UK-based Marrose Abrasives, about his thoughts on the changing corporate scene and the likely impact of a number of impending trading variables…

AG: Please give us the current state of play at Marrose, and how things have been developing so far this year?

Tony Day (TD): Using political speak, there are headwinds in the global economy. In spite of this Marrose continues to grow turnover and profit year on year and invest a significant amount of these profits in R&D, training and the latest equipment to produce consistently high quality products for the glass processor.

AG: What are your plans for the remainder of 2019 and into 2020 and what major developments are you planning on bringing to the market?

What is the timescale for each of these?

TD: For the remainder of 2019 we are continuing with bringing new polishing wheels to market. Based on feedback from around the world, these new wheels are easy to use, the polish quality is higher than the current market leaders (in terms of volume sales), and the price is competitive. As we move into 2020 our efforts and investment will be in any additional equipment and people required to meet the subsequent expected increase in demand.

AG: There is much uncertainty in Europe presently, with the likes of Brexit and a general slowdown economically. Do you think it more important than ever to have far-reaching markets and exports to the more vibrant emerging economies of the Far East and China?

TD: There is some uncertainty around Brexit but it is greatly exaggerated by some politicians and the media in general. Global slowdowns come and go and in my 40+ years in business I believe there are have been at least 4 recessions, During this time the demand for our products has shifted to these more vibrant and emerging markets and we have likewise focused our sales and marketing efforts more towards these markets. I think it has always been important to have a presence in these markets and at Marrose we have done so as fast as humanly possible.

AG: As an “export champion” for example, how would you say your overseas strategy has differed from others, and what lessons can be learned from the positive way in which you’ve approached the market?

TD: Our strategy has differed from others because Marrose is a manufacturer of an abrasive product which has a niche market. It became obvious very quickly in the late 1970s that you need to have a global outlook. We started manufacturing in 1977 and by 1980 we were exhibiting products in the USA and at Glasstec in Dusseldorf.

This differed from other companies in the U.K. and perhaps the rest of the world where they had a domestic market which could provide a profitable business and therefore they could be happy with the status quo. Indeed, in many instances these companies believed that exporting was extremely difficult. It was perceived it was all risks and challenges and that these outweighed the opportunities.

As an export champion I have accepted an invitation to share Marrose’s experience with other U.K. companies who might be considering exporting for the first time or trying again. These companies might be in the glass industry or in other markets, but many of the skills needed are similar.

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AG: Have the recent mergers and changes in the glass industry made you re-think your own approach to the sector and does the emergence of “mega” groups potentially disrupt the sector?

TD: There all kinds of possibilities when it comes to mergers and some of them have surprised us over the years, particularly when a wellestablished brand name is put in the bin by the new owner. This this can be disruptive and as a supplier to OEMs the creation of these mega groups can potentially lead to less sales. Of course, potentially it can also give a boost, but as we have no say and generally no advance notice we rely on the fact that we offer consistently high quality, long life products on time that are competitively priced, easy to use and produce the polish quality required. Mega groups of course have potentially more buying power, but like any manufacturer we have price quantity breaks and economies of scale. It is not rocket science and so we respond to what has changed in any market in a considered and appropriate way.

AG: Would you consider being part of an acquisition yourself, and do you have a strategy in that regard in terms of either expansion, or, indeed, partnering with another company? Alternatively, as companies get bigger, do you consider that your focused, family-style approach is actually a big advantage in dealing with certain markets?

TD: There is a well known saying that everyone has their price and so the answer has to be yes. Of course there is always the possibility that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. I think you could say that we have been partnering with our customers since day one, but as we have “matured” and our reputation as a reliable and trusted manufacturer has grown, we have formed stronger partnerships with some companies around the world. We do have a strategy, but it would be commercially inappropriate to detail what this is other than to say it is paying dividends at the current time and these partnerships are getting stronger. It takes time, not months but many years. As a family business we are very responsive in a way that large businesses cannot be.

AG: One of the fundamental principles of the industry presently is the promotion of sustainable development. What do you deliver in this regard, and what examples can you give of working with glass manufacturers to ensure that this ethos is communicated to them?

TD: I can only give a general example and that is at the manufacturing stage, waste is a reduced to an absolute minimum. For the glass processor as a result we offer a product which produces a high quality glass product every time and energy use is minimized.

Today, sustainability has become a minimum requirement for business, but it is also an incentive for increased efficiency and improved performance.

By embracing environmental, social and economic sustainability, we can maintain our position as a brand leader within our industry; equipping Marrose Abrasives for continuing success in a rapidlychanging world.

The U.K and European abrasive industry has always been at the forefront; when it comes to standards of quality, safety, performance, sustainability and the environment.

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Sustainability and equitable growth is increasingly becoming the only acceptable model for business.

AG: Can you give any clues to some of the larger projects you are currently involved with, and when you might expect them to be active?

TD: The largest projects we are involved in are always sales related and these evolve at a sensible rate. Other than that it is all back office stuff related to MRP and ERP. You have to get this right to remain competitive as it is a tough world out there even with world class and world beating products.

AG: There is a re-focus on the areas of North Africa and also the wider Middle East, whilst Central Asia is also getting more attention. Are these areas that Marrose is looking towards, and how adaptable is your product offering for these rapidly expanding markets?

TD: Marrose have been active in these areas for many years, although to a much lower extent however in Central Asia. We are always looking towards building more sales in these areas as the potential market for our products increases there. In terms of our product offering there is no adaptation needed for these new markets as the main requirement is to understand the culture and any special rules of the market you are working in, for example technical standards, customs procedures etc AG: Do you prefer to be an innovator internally first, and then take your ideas to the market? Have you ever had a situation where you have developed a bespoke solution, and then been unable to replicate it elsewhere because of customer-imposed restrictions?

TD: I would say machinery development for grinding and polishing the edge of glass is largely consumer led whilst with grinding and polishing wheels that is to a lesser extent. It is perhaps inevitable that unless you have been around since the birth of civilization that you are unlikely to an innovator, so like many companies we looked at what the best product on the market was and offered what we considered to be superior.

Innovation at Marrose has tended to be behind the scenes in terms

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of how we manufacture consistently high quality product competitively.

In respect to bespoke solutions, yes, we have made what could be considered the best product in the world, but another saying that is well known is that you can take an horse to water but can’t make it drink!

The timing, marketing and current market state has got to be right, I don’t think we are alone when I say that our competitors also face the same problems.

AG: Do you have an “ideal” customer in terms of the stage of their development, overall size and ambition?

TD: I am first and foremost an engineer, scientist and experienced businessman, so there is no such thing as an ideal customer as far as we are concerned. Consider the 80/20 pareto general rule that 80% of your business comes from 20% of your customers. Interpret this wrong and you end up ignoring and then losing 80% of your customers, so from small to large, we value them all. We supply all sizes of company and they all assist us with in keeping our products relevant to the current market needs. It is the company we supply that has a problem that needs solving and that drives the best innovation, and we always welcome these requests for help with open arms, it shows the trust our customers place in Marrose.

AG: Finally, economically, what is your target for the coming 12 months, and how do you think you will be able to achieve that?

TD: The target is always increased sales, careful management of costs and maintaining and increasing profitability. Profit is not a dirty word, it has enabled us to invest in new equipment and software as needed. As an exporter we were using bespoke software long before the European single market existed and this was updated at the beginning of 2019 so we are well prepared for Brexit. Take no notice of some politicians and some of the larger businesses as they resist change because they are basically lazy. Most of the politicians exist not because they are successful business people, they are there because of their egos and love of their own voices. In summary, we get on with our business, and the outlook is very good for the next few years.

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In focus

YORGLAS: A RECIPE FOR SUCCESS A subsidiary company of Cam Merkezi San. Ve Tic. A.S., Turkey-based Yorglas produces satin glass and decorative products using acid etching method without compromising quality and by adding value to the industry since 1989. As one of the top-ranked exporters in Aegean Region exports its products to 52 different countries, the copmany has an incisive view on on the market. AG talks to Fabrizio Missich, CCO… Fabrizio Missich (FM): Strengthening our Yorglas in the last year, and what do you pioneering position in our 45th year in the see as the most difficult obstacles to glass sector, we are continuing to grow overcome during the next 12 months? with our first smart plant investment Manisa.

FM: We have been heavily investing for We have many developments both for the last one year on our new smart plant production and organizational management. in Manisa (greenfield for food displays In 2019, starting out with the motto ‘As and satinated production) and as well your reliable and passionate solution capacity increase in our Bolu factory (home partner, sustaining your success’, we’ve appliance) .Main challenge has been to decided to change our brand and customer create a new organization and transferring Fabrizio Missich, COO approach strategy. As always, our priority is the knowledge and most important the the value. We worked on a cultural change company culture. on the customer relationship side and nowadays working on implementing our new and continuous B2B business model.

AG: What impact have the trade wars and impacts of the US attitude to China had on the glass sector and what can you AG: What are your plans for the coming year, and what do to mitigate that? major developments are you planning on bringing to the FM: We consider the trade war between US and China will affect market? What is the timescale for each of these? our business positively bringing new demands from US. On the FM: We will continue to focus on our most important strategy other hand there is a risk of the potential will shift to other markets ‘’one factory - one product’’. Today, serving for home appliances, may have a negative influence on our existing business. food displays, satin finished products and also trading different type of float glasses from all over the world, we are producing AG: In a region of continued unrest, you have emerged as in 6 different cities in Turkey. Our biggest concern is to focus on a strong and stable voice. What advantages are there for specializing and continuous improvement. In all our production yourselves as a glass manufacturer based in Turkey – a plants, we have dedicated production lines for each product relatively stable base in an often volatile region? group, which are designed with the state of the art technology.

We have been very well adopted to the volatile region With our new Smart Plant in Manisa, we have started to produce environment. We manage our risks by diversifying in satinated Jumbo Glass in 2019 to increase the sales and gain different markets with different business units. market share. We have also new products for the food displays FM: Do you consider the potential for the fastest growth in supply industry both for plugin and walk-in, negative and positive door of finished glass to be within North Africa and the Middle East or solutions, which we will exhibit at Euroshop 2020 in Dusseldorf. will you seek to export further afield?

For the next years, we are exploring new Investment These 2 regions will develop fast once the tension in the region opportunities outside Turkey and will planning to realize it in 2020. is finished.

They are not our main markets but we closely follow and AG: As an established, leading glass supplier to the region, continue our activities. would you consider the purchase of other companies, geographically advantageous, as a joint-venture? Would AG: Where do you consider the most important strategic this be a route you would undertake to expand further or areas for expansion and growth lie for Yorglas in the will you continue to grow and develop the existing base? immediate future - in product terms and also geographically?

FM: Home appliance is the expansion potential business and FM: We are exploring all opportunities to strengthen our position also food display. in the market and one of them is joint ventures or Greenfield Geographically it will be mainly Europe followed by US continent. investments.At the same time we will continue our investments at existing base for capacity and efficiency increase.

AG: Many describe many emerging markets as still lagging behind in terms of sophisticated technology for glazing, AG: What have been the principal challenges faced by as the focus is always cost-based. What are you doing to

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SPECIAL REPORT

change this way of thinking?

FM: Our technology in the factories are cut to edge which opens new markets and new customers.

Of course technology is not enough, we are implementing a B2B program in the company supported by digitalization and other marketing activities to strengthen the brand.

AG: Is the merger of larger flat glass-using and producing companies a good or bad thing from a strategic point of view for you as a supplier? What would be your ideal make-up of the glass purchasing market if you could have a choice?

FM: Merger of flat glass manufacturers is not good in strategic point of view. We try to distribute our supply with different sources from all over the world, we have a cost strategy as well supply guarantee.

AG: Are your product developments consumer-led, or do you prefer to be an innovator internally first, and then take your ideas to the market?

FM: Our product developments are driven directly from the

Yorglas in focus The pioneer in the industrial glass production-industry, Yorglas, is carrying out its activities with its business partners worldwide, with the power of its knowledge and experience in line with its vision of “Fast, Creative, Solution-Oriented, Global Glass Center” since 1974.

Today, standing out with its unmatched product range in the industrial glass production, Turkish manufacturer Yorglas, is able to meet all kinds of glass needs with its rich product range in accordance with global market standards.

Yorglas, which has been trading glass, signed many innovations in the glass industry in Turkey, such as the first decorative glass production in 1987 and the first isolated glass plant in Aegean Region of Turkey in 1988. In 1989 with the establishment of the glass manufacturing plant of Orim brand in Bolu for White Goods the company continued to grow its business. In 1995, Yorim Gebze plant was completed and in 2000 Orim Çerkezköy plant was completed. In 2003, Orim Cam Sanayi was sold to Schott Glaverbel, one of the leading German glass companies.

Yorglas, supported by new research, best practices, development of new standards and customer service to make a difference for its global customer base, considers itself not only as a glass supplier but also a strategic solution partner for its customers and will continue to build upon its brand-named companies’ relationship and exceed the service expectations as they move forward together.

Towards 45. Year in the glass industry Yorglas is serving today with its well-known brands to more than 60 countries all over the world and focuses on continuous improvement and takes its sense of production one step forward with new investments.

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market needs. We are trying to find solutions to our customers by listening them and cooperating with them in a teamwork.

AG: Glass prices have been under pressure historically from China, but suppressed exports from there are providing some respite.

Do you think that the region you operate in is capable of fighting off the threat from the Far East, and is there still scope for even more float capacity in the region given the rapid expansion of populations?

FM: We have different strategies for competition and pricing is important but other aspects of business are supporting the strong position of the company, one key of these aspects is sustainability.

AG: Finally, economically, what is your target for the coming year, and how do you think you will be able to achieve that?

FM: We have an average growth over %20 for the last 3 years and by our new investments in place will have more capacity this will enable us to expand and increase our market share.

New products will also support our growth for next year.

Yorglas Trading, is creating great differences in customer services and impressing the Turkish market since 1974 with its wide product range and exclusive service.

Yorglas Satinated, the first satinated finish product manufacturer in Turkey and a very well-known brand of Yorglas, has been serving the glass market for over 30 years, with the numerous types of products, which are used in more than 55 countries from Australia to United States, from Venezuela to Korea.

Yorglas Food Displays, well experienced and modern equipped business partner since 2001, has been crowned as ‘reliable solution partner’ by its leading business partners in 2018 and is stepping forward in the manufacturing of glass units for food displays, refrigerators and electronic displays.

Yorglas Home Appliances, serving for the leaders in Home Appliances industry, is today pioneering in glass processing with our expert staff, powerful infrastructure and global business approach and aims to apply “Operational excellence” model with a great precision and professionalism at all stages from production to the delivery. With its single flow production lines Yorglas Home Appliaces is precisely processing glass for ovens, hobtops and refrigeratiors.

First Smart Plant from Yorglas With the target of being the address of the pioneering technology since 1974, Yorglas founded a new mega and smart plant in Manisa/Turkey.

Committed to continuous improvement, Yorglas will meet all requirements of digital transformation age and all the market challenges with the state-of-the-art production lines and increasing production volume. Located on a land of 64 hectares and has an indoor area of 40,000 m2, our new SMART Plant will serve for acid etched satin and decorative glass, and single or insulated glass and door solutions for food displays industry with the latest technology.

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Window on

INDIA Table 1 2015 2016 2017 2018

Table 1 6,153,557 7,917,791 4,765,623 8,619,199

Total float glass exports (sq metres)

2015 2016 2017 2018

36,775,636 41,161,859 48,295,434 46,232,388

Total float glass imports (sq metres)

Table 1 Table 1 UAE Malaysia Sri Lanka Egypt Nepal Qatar Mexico Bahrain

1,266,439 1,060,236 2,097,963 677,140 1,583,673 633,030 278,644 170,455

Leading float glass export destinations (sq metres)

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Malaysia Indonesia Singapore Thailand China South Africa Iran Egypt UAE

9,041,929 9,321,500 7,322,723 4,678,951 2,797,505 5,204,406 1,623,786 1,664,099 1,344,979

Leading float glass import sources (sq metres)

1

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XXI EDIZIONE

fieramilano 1 - 4 OTTOBRE 2019

Table 1 2015 2016 2017 2018

Table 1 2,044,547 1,960,514 1,827,683 2,574,547

Total laboratory/pharmaceutical glass exports (Kg)

2015 2016 2017 2018

Total laboratory/pharmaceutical glass imports (Kg)

Table 1 2015 2016 2017 2018

Table 1 259,108,402 277,944,532 258,653,332 280,488,075

Total container glass exports (Kg)

2015 2016 2017 2018

Table 1 33,676,222 12,100,280 2,009,985 2,815,884 1,660,154 1,007,902 722,238 668,488 1,169,896

1

Nigeria Sri Lanka Mozambique

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Nepal USA Mexico Zambia United Arab Emirates Brazil Spain

Leading container glass import sources (Kg)

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41,133,429 45,764,432 45,192,787 57,841,065

Total container glass imports (Kg)

Table 1 China Sri Lanka Italy France Germany Other Asia, nes United Arab Emirates Thailand Oman

11,483,020 7,918,597 6,989,501 4,763,465

49,751,401 23,660,312 10,932,496 33,402,120 13,399,376 8,941,226 9,422,943 13,078,771 9,397,645 10,384,452

1

Leading container glass export destinations (Kg)

1

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Anaylsis

Refractory Zone Tightening supply to drive up prices?

World The supply of raw material bauxite in China, for the

production of high grades of calcined bauxite (<80%), remains extremely tight. Chinese supply has eroded in recent years as rising production costs and tightening environmental restrictions have led to closures in Chinese capacity. The situation is particularly fraught for bauxite used in the highest calcined grades and according to reports, this market tightness is expected to continue and potentially worsen in the coming years.

One of the main problems in China is the historical misuse of reserves. Small-scale (often illegal) mining has often made use of higher priced, high grade reserves first, at the expense of lower grade material in a deposit and many such mines have since closed. These high-grade depleted deposits are no longer economical to exploit, especially if taken over by larger producers. State-owned Chalco, for example, has been reported to be unable to supply sufficient quantities of selectively-mined high grade ores in the recent past.

Like many other industries in China, nonmetallurgical bauxite and alumina has suffered from environmental shutdowns for a number of years, which has resulted in temporary periods of high prices. Bauxite prices peaked in early 2018 and, after some falls, rose again in early-2019 following sudden environmental shutdowns in Shanxi province. By July 2019, bauxite prices had seen some downwards readjustment but remained at elevated levels.

Sluggish demand for calcined bauxite has kept

prices down. The price of brown fused alumina, however, which uses calcined bauxite as its feedstock, has risen through the first half of 2019 to a level that is on a par, or even higher priced, than white fused alumina (based on calcined alumina); white fused alumina is more expensive under normal circumstances.

In Shanxi province, which is the main area of bauxite production by rotary kiln, almost all production remains suspended as a result of environmental controls. In May 2019 Xinfa Group, one of China’s largest aluminium smelters, was forced to close all production lines at its alumina refinery in Jiaokou, Shanxi following state-run CCTV reports of a Shanxi unit of Xinfa dumping red mud (a toxic by-product of the process that refines alumina from bauxite) in Xiaoyi City. The resulting environmental shutdowns were so extreme that all bauxite mines were closed and there was a period of no raw material bauxite availability for any use in Shanxi Province. All the industry’s rotary kilns in the Xiaoyi area were also closed and it was very difficult to get +85% grade bauxite in China.

Meanwhile, the only remaining mine in Xiaoyi supplying bauxite suitable for calcining has been rumoured to soon be closing as a result of exhaustion of reserves. It is unclear whether a new mine has received the required permissions to open.

Alumina prices have also been affected but to a lesser extent since alumina supply is from a much wider range of international sources.

During early 2019, prices for alumina were still

suffering from the perfect storm of 2018, with the forced, partial closure of Alunorte in Brazil, threat of US sanctions against Rusal, and a strike in Australia influencing spot prices. All of these threats have since dissipated and alumina index prices have now returned to values seen before the issues of 2018.

The refractories sector is the largest consumer of high-grade calcined bauxite and an important application for most bauxite and alumina products. Refractory demand is growing slowly with steel markets forecast to remain weak over the next decade and Chinese crude steel production expected to decline from 2022. There is, however, a general move towards the use of higher quantities of alumina refractories for steel production, especially in China, with the desire to prolong working lives for steel and other vessels as well as to help produce cleaner steels. With no decline in demand likely, constricting supply is expected to result in further market tightness.

For the short term at least, considerable concerns remain about both the quantity and quality of bauxite reserves and whether those that remain will be able to be mined and processed under the increasingly strict system of environmental restrictions.

With demand continuing for high grade raw material bauxite, calcined bauxite, and alumina products, an understanding of the on-going situation in China will become ever more important to assesing the future of global markets.

Research to be geared at refractory development Turkey Domestic R&D in Turkey will be a priority in the country’s latest economic plan for the years to 2023, with emphasis on refractories.

The Turkish government has pledged to support the country’s refractories industry as part of its 11th five-year development plan, which was submitted to the Turkish parliament on Tuesday July 9 following approval by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

Under the plan, which covers the period from 2019-23, the government has singled out research and development (R&D) and investment in Turkish refractory materials production as a “supported special area.”

The intention of the initiative is to reduce the country’s dependence on imports for certain

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products, including refractory ceramics.

The plan did not give details of what, if any, state financial support will be allocated to the refractories industry, but indicated that investment incentives for private investors will form part of the scheme.

It is hoped that enhancing local production of high-technology products will boost Turkey’s large metal, cement and glass sectors, which are the main consumers of refractories.

Turkey is the world’s eighth-largest steel producer, with output of 37.3 million tonnes in 2018, according to the World Steel Association.

Steel was not named as a supported special area under the new development plan, but it did say that investment in the production of high-alloy, high-

value-added aluminium products required for such sectors as aerospace, defense and the automotive industry will be encouraged.

Exploration and exploitation of domestic mineral resources will also be supported.

Turkey holds significant reserves of refractory minerals, including bauxite, magnesite, olivine and kyanite, many of which are already produced in industrial quantities, but have the potential to be expanded.

Turkey’s latest five-year plan is intended to raise the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) to $1.08 trillion by 2023 from around $784 billion in 2018, with exports of $226.6 billion versus $168.1 billion last year.

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Anaylsis

Plibrico to increase output United States To accommodate rapid growth and increase its ability to service current and future customers in the region, the Plibrico Company has announced the opening of a new mechanical services location in Kearney, NE. This new location strengthens the company’s presence in the area and supports quicker response for emergencies, installations, and preventive maintenance work to keep customers’ burners, boilers, chillers and HVAC systems operating at peak performance.

“The decision to expand our presence into Kearney, Nebraska was a logical step in our business growth strategy,” said Mike Winkelmann, General Manager at Plibrico Mechanical Services.

“We are investing in this area because it is rich with industrial, institutional and commercial organizations in need of a company they can trust

to maintain their sophisticated heating and cooling systems. We have the expertise and capacity to protect their assets, reduce capital expenditures, and realize energy savings.”

Representing decades of experience, Plibrico Mechanical Services provides the knowledge needed to safely oversee a burner, boiler, chiller or HVAC project from conception through completion. Following installation, Plibrico mechanical technicians will help extend the life of the equipment with 24/7 emergency service and response, predictive maintenance, and proactive steps to ensure minimal unscheduled downtime.

To help the customer lock in productivity gains, Plibrico technicians will also regularly test systems for performance, adjust for operation efficiency, and balance forecasted operations and

maintenance costs to ensure equipment works optimally.

Plibrico Company, LLC is an industry leading single-source supplier of aluminosilicate and high alumina monolithic refractories. For over a century, organizations have trusted us to develop innovative and reliable refractory solutions that consistently increase efficiency, improve production uptime and safely boost the performance of our customers’ thermal processing operations and equipment.

Headquartered in Northbrook, Illinois, Plibrico serves its customers through a centrally located manufacturing plant, and a network of refractory construction offices and partners throughout the United States and Canada. Plibrico supplies high quality monolithic refractory materials worldwide under the Plico® brand.

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