UND E R G R A DU A T E | PORTFOLIO
BOXI XIONG
Boxi Xiong u n der gr ad uate | portfolio e m a il: b oxixiong@ho t m ai l .co m mo bile: (+64) 211599825 T h e Univer sity of A uck l and | B achel o r o f Ar chi te c t u r a l S t u d i e s ( BA S ) 2 0 1 2 -
architecture for a decommodified public space in macau - reverse morphogenesis
adaptive skins, urban structures - tu darmstadt - submerged
here - now: reimagining new lynn - no smoking
tu darmstadt - retrofit of architecture building
urban redevelopment of princes wharf
rever s e m o r pho g en e s i s rethinking urban constitutive roles l o c a t i o n : t aipa , ma c a u t u t o r : ma n f r e do ma n fr e din i
the purpose of this urban park is to reinvigorate the relationship between new and old macau. this is done by using a combination of the well defined and gridded morphologies of the new high density buildings with the arbitrary and informal morphologies of the old taipa village. this urban park structure is the ‘bridge’ between the old and the new of macau and is the result of ‘excavating’ the surrounding infrastructure and remerging them into this single structure. this creates a park that is new and radical while still keeping the historic values of its site.
vi l l ag e m o r ph o l o g y su bt r act ed fr o m fl o w er b uild ing d rap e
g r i d fr o m o pen i n g s o f bu i l di n g o ppo si t e
vi l l ag e m o r ph o l o g y scal ed u p an d cu t fr om village d rap e
vi l l ag e m o r ph o l o g y cu t fr o m h i g h den si t y d rap e
A
B
ROOF P L A N
S EC OND FLO O R
F IRS T F L OOR
GROU ND FLO O R
B
A
SE CTI O N AA
SE CTI O N BB
tu darmstadt - submerged the underground campus l o cati o n: darmstadt, g ermany tuto r: manfredo manfredi ni
the proposal for ‘submerged’ was to extend the university of darmstadt underground. this was done by employing a mat building stratergy. by using a mat building stratergy, the university campus would be easy to navigate and would use space efficiently. and by submerging the mat building underground, the university retains its original aesthetic while still increasng the number of working facilities.
pr o g r am m at t i c l ayer
fi el d defi n i t i o n l ayer
ci r cu l at i o n l ayer
excavat i o n l ayer
URBA N SCHEME
U RBA N P L A N + S T RIP
S T RIP P LAN
urban scheme of project
claim 3 - mat buildings are inherently energy conserving - larger surface area means that the building heats quick. By being underground, the building can also draw on the surrounding soil to keep the structure at a comfortable temperature.
claim 1 - mat building allow for greater adaptability in the use of space - spaces are simple shapes, very adaptable.
claim 4 - mat buildings reduce the overall need for transportation. By having a set circulation system throughout the structure, there is no need for other forms of transport.
claim 2 - mat buildings use land more efficiently - by submerging the mat building underground, land is used even more efficiently.
claim 5 - mat buildings create their own microclimates. By having these glace surfaces at ground level, glass houses have been created. These glass houses create their own microclimates in which would be warmer than the outside climates.
L IGH T WEL L S
L IGH T WEL L S
A
FL OOR PL AN
SECTION AA
SECTION AA
OP EN A BL E GL A S S H OU S E
ROOF PLAN
L OU VRES
A
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
2 8
4
9
5 6
3
2
7
DETAIL B - SPIDER JOINT
3 5 6
9 12
1:10
1. STEEL FRAMING 2. WOODEN LOUVRES 3. GLAZING 4. GLASS SUPPORT FIN 5. STEEL ROAD (ALLOWS LOUVRE MOVEMENT)
4 1
5 6
3
2
5
1
4
4
10
7
10
4
2
8
11
1
3
1
BALL AND SOCKET JOINT GLASS PANEL STEEL MEMBRANE BRACKET FIXING HINGED BEARING FIXING TO FACADE
7
DETAIL C - LOUVRES 2
1:20 5
DETAIL D - BUILDING TO GROUND CONNECTION DETAIL A - FACADE
1:20
1. AIR CAVITY 2. FILLING WITH MIXED STONE (STABILIZER) 3. MODULAR FORMWORK MADE OF RECYCLED PLASTIC 4. VAPOR RETARDER 5. THIN CONCRETE LAYER 6. POLYSTYRENE BOARD 7. POLYSTYRENE INSULATION 8. VERTICALLY CORED BRICKWORK 9. PLASTER FINISH 10. GROUND 11. VENTILATION HOLES 12. EXPOSED CONCRETE WALL
1
1. STEEL T SECTION 2. SWIVEL BALL JOINT 3. GLASS PANEL 4. WIRE MESH FACADE 5. MESH ATTATCHED TO FASTENING BRACKET AND WOVEN AROUND POLE. 6. SPACEFRAME MEMBER (STEEL TUBE) 7. MARO SPACEFRAME NODE 8. VENTILATION FLAP (POWDER COATED ALUMINUM PANEL 9. ALUMINUM PROFILE WITH ADHESIVE STRIP 10. STEEL FRAME, THREE DIMENSIONALLY ADJUSTABLE
DETAIL C - LOUVRES
1:20
C
A
B
D
1:40
no smoking
here now - reimagining new lynn l o cati o n: new l ynn, auck l and tuto rs: chri s ho l mes and anna to ng p a r t i c i p a nt of t he a uc k l a nd he r i t a ge fe s t i v a l 2013 as a me mb e r of t he ‘no s m ok i ng’ t e a m .
Live. Laugh. Unite. Our main idea is the interaction between the visitors of New Lynn, to develop the suburb into a destination rather than a thoroughfare. The interaction in creating the smoke rings allows people to stop and enjoy the environment, bringing in the locals and visitors together. From previous historical transitions we are able to see New Lynn encountering a cycle of the crossovers between the horizontal and the vertical relating to the permanence. Maori travelling across – horizontal. The industrialisation of brick factories – vertical. Introduction of the railway – horizontal. Reintroducing urbanisation through the construction of apartments – vertical. There is a a translation between becoming a thoroughfare and a destination, however there is still uncertainty in this cyclic pattern, thus the atmosphere of smoke representing the unforeseen. Ambiguity may not be a negative act, thus celebrating the unforeseen future. The best moments are brought out when there is true interaction between the people in generating more of these smoke rings. It is evident that it brings the community together, people of different ages, backgrounds and the multicultural. Funny as it may sound, No Smoking becomes a social statement that is just ironic. Where we live in a society that discourages smoking, the No Smoking installation gives an opportunity for people to interact with smoke in relation to the overall wittiness essence of the project.
advertising
structure
PLAN
SECTIONAL
3500
4000
1400
FRONT VIEW
TOP VIEW
BACK VIEW
SIDE VIEW
FRONT
CUSTOM TOP PLATE
BENDING STEEL STRIP 25X300
NOTCHING
CUSTOM SIDE STEEL STRIPE
BACK
CUSTOM BACK PLA LATE
TIMBER 50X50
STEEL STRIP 25X200
M10 BOLTS L
skin
SCREWS
PLASTIC BACK FABRIC F
P PANEL
BACK FFABRIC
SCREWS PLASTIC ATTACH TO AT BUNGEE CORD OR PULL STRING
PANEL P JOINT
P PANEL PANEL JOINT P
-
BUNGEE CORD
ELEV EVATION VIEW
1300 2000
200
400
800 85˚
130˚
2000
00
4210
20 64˚ 81˚
HEXAGON PIECE
STAPLE T
SIDE RECTANGULAR T PIECE
2000
FRONT APERTURE PIECE
SIDE PIECE FOLDED FOR STRENGTH - STAPLING T
BACK
SIDE
TIMBER FRAME
BACK PIECE + SIDE PIECE
SIDE PIECE TO CENTRE
FRONT PIECE
audio
1000
350
250
AMP
AMP
BLACK PVC PIPE 20 DIAMETER 500 LONG
CAR SPEAKER 250 DIAMETER
BLACK P PAPER TUBE 50 DIAMETER
BLACK BUCKET 250 DIAMETER
AMP
AMP
AMP
AMP
PART 1 P
PART 2 P
PART 3 P
COMBINED
CIRCUIT WIRING - SERIES PARALLEL P
lighting
PS
PS
PS
PS
CONTROL CENTRE
TRIPOD PAR CAN LITES P WASH LITES W POWER
event
for more info check out http://projectsmoke2013.wordpress.com/ also check out these videos of the event https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsrlLOi542k&list=UUBHoQqPQ7_vfcGz-CIWtHWQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3APD-ycb_84&list=UUBHoQqPQ7_vfcGz-CIWtHWQ
tu darmstadt
retrofit of architecture building l o cati o n: darmstadt, g ermany tuto r: al essandro mel i s g ro up members: wi ng fung chan, j i so o j ung , ci nd y zhang the technical university of darmstadt’s architectural building, built in the early 1900’s had no consideration for sustainability. it is a building that is cold during winter and too hot during summer. this is a proposal for a sustainable retrofit for the campus building.
Solar Atrium Vents at the top of the atrium are opened to let stale, warm air out. The stack effect is enhanced by the heating of black heat absorbing
Rainwater Collection Rainwater is collected and used for watering the plants inside the greenhouse and other systems such as toilets. Photovoltaics Solar energy is collected and used throughout the building. Excess energy is fed back into the campus. Large South Facing Vertical Greenhouse The greenhouse acts as a double facade, drawing fresh air in and dehumidifying it before passing it into the building. Warm, exhaust air is drawn out of the interior spaces and passed out through the vent at the top.
NORTH Geothermal Drilling System This system uses the consistent ground water temperature to draw hot air out and passes cool air into the building. Ducts with inlets and outlets throughout the building help facilitate this.
SOUTH
SUMMER OPERATION
GROUND FLOOR
1 : 1000
FIRST FLOOR
1 : 1000
SECOND FLOOR
1 : 1000
Photovoltaics Solar energy is collected and used throughout the building and for operating the heat pump in the geothermal system. Excess energy is fed back into the campus.
Solar Atrium Vents at the top of the atrium are closed so warm air is trapped inside the building.
Large South Facing Vertical Greenhouse Openings in the greenhouse are closed in winter. Air inside the greenhouse is heated by the solar energy and is trapped within the cavity. This reduces the conductive, convective and radiant heat loss of interior spaces. Plants inside the greenhouse
NORTH
Geothermal Drilling System This system uses the consistent ground water temperature to mechanically ventilate the building in winter. The heat pump heats the water when more heating is required extreme conditions.
SOUTH
WINTER OPERATION
FOURTH FLOOR
1 : 1000
THIRD FLOOR
1 : 1000
FIFTH FLOOR
1 : 1000
SITE MAP
1 : 20000
Computerised Top Hung Window Allows natural ventilation during summer while avoiding wind-driven ventilation as the building only requires natural air passing through. These windows are closed in winter in order to trap the warm air inside, providing insulation for the building. Manual Operatable Interior Windows Allows users to determine airflow during summer with flexibility in relation to other spaces. These can also be opened during nighttime in summer to cool the building down for the next day. WEST
WESTERN FACADE
Computerised Louvre Blinds Prevents glare during the afternoons and deflects low-angle sunlight from directly penetrating the building. It also stops the building from overheating.
SOUTHERN FACADE
E
A F
B
D
a. e.
f.
g.
h.
b. c. d.
DETAIL A - SECTION
1:10
g. b.
d.
f.
i.
DETAIL A - PLAN
1:10
a. Abutment between constructional elements b. Outer facade - computerised top hung windows c. Computerised blinds d. Inner facade - Manually operatable windows e.Concrete upstand wall f. Bracket g. Anchor element h. Concrete floor i. Fixing Fin
a.
b.
d.
e.
c.
DETAIL B a. Air Inlet b. Air Outlet c. Air Vent d. Manually Operatable Window e. Computerised Louvre Blinds
1:25
b.
d.
b.
c.
a.
a.
DETAIL G c.
DETAIL C a. Hydroponic Tray b. Pulley System c. Water Tube
1:1
a. Outer Facade b. Ball and Socket Joint c. Hinged Bearing d. Bracket Fixing to Facade Post
1:1
g.
j.
f.
a. Anchoring bolt b. Double glazed door c. Steel wall plate cast into reinforced concrete floor slab d. Steel fixing angle e. Wooden Joist f. Wooden floor panel g. Sliding mechanism for glazed door h. I bean cast into reinforced concrete floor slab i. Reinforced concrete floor slab j. Steel wall plate cover
c.
i. d.
DETAIL D - PLAN
e. h. a.
1:5
b.
DETAIL D - SECTION
1:5
f. j.
g.
i.
e.
f.
h.
i.
g.
a.
b.
b.
d. c. e.
d.
a. h.
DETAIL F
DETAIL E a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.
Rotating pin Base Plate Hollow rod (circular section) Steel column Rotating mechanism Tempered glass glazing Wooden seperators I beam Wooden Blocking Connecting bolt
1:10
a. Anchoring bolt b. Anchoring bolt tilted at end to counter downwards movement c. Anchoring bolt tilted at end to counter downwards movement d. Rotating pin (24.07째) e. Connecting plate f. Black coloured pipe g. Sand h. Base plate i. Sealant
c.
1:10
p ri n c e s w h a rf
urban redevelopment of the waterfront l o cati o n: auck l and, new zeal and tuto r: al essandro mel i s g ro up members: wi ng fung chan, emma he, ci ndy zhang , eq h ong
this project is a proposal for the urban redevelopment of princes wharf this new proposal utilizes a wide array of sustainble strategies to allow for a self sustaining structure.
NORTH ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
WEST ELEVATION
EAST ELEVATION
PLAN
EXISTING BUILDINGS
MAXIMISING POTENTIAL OF GENERATING ENERGY FROM WIND
GAPS FOR WIND TURBINES
CURVATURE TO MINIMISE STRESS ON STRUCTURE
OFFSETING VOLUMES
SOLAR GAINS
SOLAR GAINS
REFINED VOLUMES FOR WIND AND SOLAR
SLOPES FOR VENTURI EFFECTC
ONNECTION TO THE CBD
URBAN GREENERY
COVERING OF WIND TUNNELS
VEGETATION
-
IRRIGATION GREEN ROOF GROWING MEDIUM (6+ INCHES)
SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE (STORMWATER)
FILTER FLEECE/ ROOT REPELLENT DRAINAGE LAYER
BATHROOMS PLANTATION
INSULATION LAYER
OVERFLOW TO PUBLIC SEWER WATERPROOF MEMBRANCE
STORAGE TANK
PUMPS
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
MITIGATION OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT
LESSENING OF THE ‘URBAN HEAT ISLAND EFFECT. COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL ROOFS WITH HARD REFLECTIVE SURFACES THAT ABSORB SOLAR RADIATION AND RE-RADIATE IT AS HEAT, GREEN ROOFS OFFER THE BENEFITS OF EVAPORATIVE COOLING, LOWER HEAT ABSORBANCE AND REDUCED REFLECTANCE.
EVAPORATIVE COOLING
A SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN HEATING AND PARTICULARLY COOLING NEEDS DUE TO THE INSULATION PROVIDED BY THE ROOF THEREBY DIMINISHING HVAC REQUIREMENTS. A GREEN ROOF MODERATES HEAT FLOW THROUGH SHADING, THERMAL MASS INERTIA, INSULATION AND EVAPORATION.
STORMWATER RETENTION + RAINWATER COLLECTION
STORMWATER RUN-OFF CAN BE GREATLY REDUCED AND AT PEAK FLOW PERIODS THE ROOF ACTS LIKE A SPONGE DELAYING RUNOFF AND THEREBY DECREASING STRESS ON THE STORMWATER SYSTEM. AS THE ISSUE IS DEALT WITH AT THE SOURCE THE NEED FOR STORMWATER RETENTION ‘DOWNSTREAM’ IS REDUCED.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM
RECONSTRUCTION OF ASPECTS OF THE NATURAL ECOSYSTEM WHICH IN TURN ENCOURAGES INSECT AND BIRD LIFE. INCREASED AMENITY FOR URBAN RESIDENTS AND WORKERS WHERE OFTEN THERE IS A LACK OF GREEN SPACE.
PLANTS: PERENNIALS AND SHRUBS EROSION CONTROL (WIND BLANKET OR JUTE MESH) 6” TO 12” GROWTH MEDIUM (TYP.)
PLAN
FILTER FABRIC DRAINAGE: 4” TO 6” GRANULAR (OPTIONAL: MAT OR PLATE SYSTEM FILTER FABRIC (OPTIONAL) ALUMINIUM CURBING
GRAVEL (OPTIONAL)
VEGETATION - FREE STRIP GRAVEL, PAVERS (TYP.)
PERFORATED ALUMINIUM CURB (TYP.) WITH DRAINAGE FABRIC ROOF DRAIN WITH PARAPET WELL EMERGENCY OVERFLOW
THERMAL INSULATION (OPTIONAL) LEAK DECTION SYSTEM (OPTIONAL) PROTECTION LAYER (TYP.) ROOT BARRIER (TYP.) WATERPROOF MEMBRANE (TYP.) ROOF DECK WITH VAPOR BARRIER AND ROOF STRUCTURE
FLOATING BUOY
WAVE PROPAGATION
BUOY
CHILLED WATER SUPPLY PIPE
ELASTIC MOORING
ROPE
SEAWATER INTAKE
LIMIT TRANSLATOR
SEAWATER OUTFALL
SEAWATER PUMP
CHILLER PLANT
STATOR
SPRING
SUCTION CUP ANCHOR WITH ARTIFICIAL REEF + HYDRAULIC GENERATOR
CHILLED WATER RETURN PIPE HEAT REJECTION
CHILLED WATER PRODUCTION
HEAT EXCHANGE
END-USER BUILDING
PRINCES WHARF
LEVEL OF THE HIGH TIDE BARRAGE SLUICE GATES TURBINE
TIDAL BASIN LEVEL OF THE LOW TIDE ESTUARY FLOOR
PRINCES WHARF
1. THE INCOMING WATER IS ALLOWED TO FLOW THROUGH SLUICES AND THE TURBINE PASSAGEWAYS.
PRINCES WHALF
3. THE FLOW IS STOPPED WHEN THE WATER IN THE BASIN BEHIND THE BARRAGE REACHES SUCH A LEVEL THAT THE HEAD DIFFERENCE BECOMES LESS THAN THE MINIMUM REQUIRED TO OPERATE THE TURBINES.
PRINCES WHALF
2. AT HIGH TIDE THESE ARE THEN CLOSED AND WHEN THE WATER ON THE SEAWARD SIDE OF THE BARRAGE HAS EBBED SUFFICIENTLY FOR A LARGE ENOUGH HEAD TO HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED IN THE BASIN, THE ENTRAINED WATER IS ALLOWED TO DRIVE THE TURBINES.
PRINCES WHALF
4. WHEN THE SEA LEVEL BECOMES EQUAL TO THE WATER LEVEL IN THE BASIN, THE SLUICE GATES ARE OPENED AND THE CYCLE REPEATED.
PREVAILING WIND
VENTURI EFFECT
ENTRANCE SOUTH-WESTERLY WINDS
EXIT
A ROUNDED HILL GEOMETRY IS USED TO FUNNEL WIND TOWARD THE TURBINE AS SHARP EDGES CREATE TURBULENCE, AS ILLUSTRATED ABOVE. THE AIRFLOW AT THE MAXIMUM POINT CAN INCREASE THE AVERAGE WIND SPEED IN THE AREA, BUT BEING CLOSE TO A CLIFF-LIKE EDGE MAY CAUSE TURBULENCE. THIS EXAMPLE REQUIRES A 20M HIGH TOWER TO GET ABOVE TURBULENT AIR.
PREVAILING WIND
120%
200%
FLOW SPEED 1.03
.0
0.5
100%
50%
IN THE SMOOTH HILL USED TO FUNNEL WIND TOWARD THE TURBINE, WIND DROPS IN SPEED TOWARDS THE BOTTOM OF THE SHAPE. IT SPEEDS UP AS IT GOES UP THE HILL, REACHING AROUND TWICE THE WIND SPEED AT THE TOP OF THE HILL. THE FIGURE ABOVE DEMONSTRATES THIS.
2
COMMERCIAL
COMMERCIAL
COMMERCIAL PRINCES WHARF
COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL
HYDRO POWER
HOUSE
HOUSE
WIND GENERATOR
PHOTOVOLTAICS COMMERCIAL
COMMERCIAL
ELECTRIC CAR (EV)