Programmed Gobstopper Expo 2000, Dutch Garden, Germany (1998–2000)
The Dutch Garden at Expo 2000 in Hanover was, like the firm’s project, Looking for Jane in Makeblijde, an exhibition garden with a cast-iron underlying concept. The stacked landscapes of the Dutch pavilion by mvrdv were a statement about dealing with space scarcity in the densely populated Netherlands. The pavilion itself was extremely compact – so compact, indeed, that 8,000 m² of empty space were left around it. To find a suitable design for the space, the party commissioning the Dutch contribution, the Stichting Nederland Wereldtentoonstellingen (Dutch world-exhibitions foundation) held a private competition, in which Bureau B+B emerged as winner.The firm’s design for the Dutch Garden was a direct response to the pavilion itself. The designers conceived of the space as an as yet unused location, awaiting development: a breath of fresh air in a country where every square metre has been assigned a use. Unused terrains, in a temporary ‘pioneer’ phase and
featuring a hotchpotch of planting – new nature in its initial form – served as the basis of the design, with visitors having to find their way through an extended carpet of various flowers. In order to set a ‘natural’ process in motion, only a starting situation was created, from which the garden gradually took on fixed form in the course of the exhibition. Dynamic influences, such as weather, plant growth and the spontaneous movements of visitors contributed to the garden’s changing appearance. No end result was involved. This apparent randomness was actually planned to an extremely high degree; it was also exceptionally high-tech and typically Dutch. The substrate consisted of different layers of red mine-stone and black sediment. On it, planting squares were indicated with four different plant densities. At spots where visitors walked particularly frequently, the small black slit in the coarser red minestone disappeared, and planting became less likely. Elsewhere,
Type: Garden, Utilitarian Green Client: Stichting Nederlandse Wereldtentoonstellingen
Designteam: Bureau B+B stedebouw en landschapsarchitectuur in collaboration with MVRDV and Jaqueline van der Kloet
Program: Directions to the pavilion for millions of visitors
Surface: 9.000 m2 Budget: € 450.000,-
the flora became thicker. The 20 different species of plant (no shrubs or trees were used, only bulbs, annuals and perennials) had different colours and flowering times. An extensive network of pipes for drip irrigation ensured that a process that normally takes five years would attain completion within a year. Platforms, partitions and other elements made of non-living material, which can indicate a specific use, were consciously
avoided. Nevertheless, one compromise was unavoidable: in order to somewhat streamline the expected millions of visitors, a winding route towards the entrance was designed. Through – preplanned – chance and randomness, the garden changed, like a gobstopper, from day to day, providing a continuously changing context for the Dutch pavilion.
Scheme of the different stages the garden has gone through: from 1 October 1999 to 27 October 2010