Clinical Dermatology Lecture Notes, Study Materials and Important questions answers
Subject : Clinical Dermatology Skin disease in perspective 1. 2. 3. 4.
Skin disease in perspective - Answer (click here) Skin disease in perspective: Causes - Answer (click here) Skin disease in perspective: Prevalence - Answer (click here) Skin disease in perspective: Impact - Answer (click here)
The function and structure of the skin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
The function and structure of the skin - Answer (click here) Skin Epidermis - Answer (click here) The dermo-epidermal junction - Answer (click here) Skin Dermis - Answer (click here) The skin immune system - Answer (click here) Some cellular components of the skin immune system - Answer (click here) Molecular components of the skin immune system - Answer (click here) Hypersensitivity reactions in the skin - Answer (click here)
Diagnosis of skin disorders 1. 2. 3.
Diagnosis of skin disorders - Answer (click here) Diagnosis of skin disorders: Examination - Answer (click here) Special tools and techniques - Diagnosis of skin disorders - Answer (click here)
4. 5.
Assessment - Diagnosis of skin disorders - Answer (click here) Side-room and office tests - Diagnosis of skin disorders - Answer (click here)
6. 7. 8. 9.
Laboratory tests - Diagnosis of skin disorders - Answer (click here) Disorders of keratinization - Answer (click here) The ichthyoses - Disorders of keratinization - Answer (click here) Ichthyosis vulgaris - Answer (click here)
10. 11. 12.
X-linked recessive ichthyosis - Answer (click here) Collodion baby - Answer (click here) Lamellar ichthyosis and non-bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma Answer (click here)
13.
Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (bullous ichthyosiform erythroderma) Answer (click here)
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
Other ichthyosiform disorders - Answer (click here) Acquired ichthyosis - Answer (click here) Keratosis pilaris - Answer (click here) Keratosis follicularis (Darier’s disease) - Answer (click here) Keratoderma of the palms and soles - Answer (click here) Knuckle pads - Answer (click here) Callosities and corns - Answer (click here)
Psoriasis 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Cause and pathogenesis of Psoriasis - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Precipitating factors - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Histology - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Presentation - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Complications - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Differential diagnosis, Investigations - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Treatment - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Local treatments - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Ultraviolet radiation treatments - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Special situations treatments - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Systemic treatment - Answer (click here) Psoriasis: Combination therapy treatment - Answer (click here)
Other papulosquamous disorders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Pityriasis rosea - Answer (click here) Lichen planus - Answer (click here) Pityriasis rubra pilaris - Answer (click here) Parapsoriasis and premycotic eruption - Answer (click here) Pityriasis lichenoides - Answer (click here) Erythroderma/exfoliative dermatitis - Answer (click here)
Eczema and dermatitis 1. 2.
Eczema and dermatitis: Terminology - Answer (click here) Classification of eczema - Answer (click here)
3. 4. 5. 6.
Eczema and dermatitis: Pathogenesis - Answer (click here) Eczema and dermatitis: Histology - Answer (click here) Eczema and dermatitis: Clinical appearance - Answer (click here) Eczema and dermatitis: Complications, Differential diagnosis - Answer (click here)
7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
Eczema and dermatitis: Investigations - Answer (click here) Irritant contact dermatitis - Answer (click here) Allergic contact dermatitis - Answer (click here) Occupational dermatitis - Answer (click here) Atopic eczema - Answer (click here) Seborrhoeic eczema - Answer (click here) Discoid (nummular) eczema - Answer (click here) Pompholyx - Answer (click here) Gravitational (stasis) eczema - Answer (click here) Asteatotic eczema - Answer (click here) Localized neurodermatitis (lichen simplex) - Answer (click here) Juvenile plantar dermatosis - Answer (click here)
Reactive erythemas and vasculitis 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Urticaria (hives, ‘nettle-rash’) - Answer (click here) Erythema multiforme - Answer (click here) Erythema nodosum - Answer (click here) Leucocytoclastic - Answer (click here) Polyarteritis nodosa - Answer (click here) Wegener’s granulomatosis - Answer (click here)
Bullous diseases 1. 2. 3.
Bullous diseases - Answer (click here) Pemphigus - Answer (click here) Other causes of subcorneal and intraepidermal blistering - Answer (click here)
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
Pemphigoid - Answer (click here) Pemphigoid gestationis (herpes gestationis) - Answer (click here) Cicatricial pemphigoid - Answer (click here) Linear IgA bullous disease - Answer (click here) Acquired epidermolysis bullosa - Answer (click here) Dermatitis herpetiformis - Answer (click here) Other causes of subepidermal blisters - Answer (click here) Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell’s disease) - Answer (click here)
12.
Epidermolysis bullosa - Answer (click here)
Connective tissue disorders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Connective tissue disorders - Answer (click here) Systemic lupus erythematosus - Answer (click here) Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus - Answer (click here) Discoid lupus erythematosus - Answer (click here) Dermatomyositis - Answer (click here) Systemic sclerosis - Answer (click here) CREST syndrome - Answer (click here) Eosinophilic fasciitis - Answer (click here) Morphoea - Answer (click here) Lichen sclerosus - Answer (click here) Mixed connective tissue disease - Answer (click here) Other connective tissue diseases - Answer (click here)
Disorders of blood vessels and lymphatics 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Disorders involving small blood vessels - Answer (click here) Arterial disease - Answer (click here) Deep vein thrombosis - Venous disease - Answer (click here) Thrombophlebitis - Venous disease - Answer (click here) Venous hypertension, the gravitational syndrome and venous leg ulceration - Answer (click here) Purpura - Venous disease - Answer (click here) Disorders of the lymphatics - Answer (click here)
Sebaceous and sweat gland disorders 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Sebaceous glands - Answer (click here) Acne - Answer (click here) Acne Treatment - Answer (click here) Rosacea - Answer (click here) Eccrine sweat glands - Answer (click here) Apocrine sweat glands - Answer (click here)
Regional dermatology 1. 2. 3.
The hair - Answer (click here) The hair: Classification - Answer (click here) The hair cycle - Answer (click here)
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
Alopecia - Answer (click here) Alopecia areata - Answer (click here) Androgenetic alopecia (male-pattern baldness) - Answer (click here) Traction alopecia - Answer (click here) Patchy hair loss caused by skin disease - Answer (click here) Diffuse hair loss - Answer (click here) Rare genetic causes of hypotrichosis - Answer (click here) Hirsutism and hypertrichosis - Answer (click here) Hypertrichosis - Answer (click here) The nails - Answer (click here) The nails: Effects of trauma - Answer (click here) The nail in systemic disease - Answer (click here) Nail changes in the common dermatoses - Answer (click here) The nails Infections - Answer (click here) Some other nail abnormalities - Answer (click here) The mouth and genitals - Answer (click here) Lichen planus - Answer (click here) Candidiasis - Answer (click here) Contact stomatitis - Answer (click here) Bullous diseases - Answer (click here) Aphthae - Answer (click here) Some other oral lumps, bumps and colour changes - Answer (click here) Squamous cell carcinoma - Answer (click here) Vulvovaginitis - Answer (click here) Lichen sclerosus - Answer (click here) Vulval and scrotal pruritus - Answer (click here) Malignant conditions: Squamous cell carcinoma - Answer (click here)
Infections 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
Bacterial infections: The resident flora of the skin - Answer (click here) Streptococcal infections - Answer (click here) Spirochaetal infections - Answer (click here) Other Bacterial infections - Answer (click here) Mycobacterial infections - Answer (click here) Other mycobacterial infections - Answer (click here) Viral infections: Viral warts - Answer (click here) Viral infections: Varicella (chickenpox) - Answer (click here) Viral infections: Herpes zoster - Answer (click here) Molluscum contagiosum - Answer (click here) Orf - Answer (click here)
12. 13.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - Answer (click here) Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (Kawasaki’s disease) - Answer (click here)
14. 15. 16.
Gianotti–Crosti syndrome - Answer (click here) Herpangina, Measles, Rubella, Erythema infectiosum - Answer (click here) Dermatophyte infections (ringworm) - Fungal infections - Answer (click here)
17. 18. 19.
Candidiasis - Fungal infections - Answer (click here) Pityriasis versicolor - Answer (click here) Deep fungal infections - Answer (click here)
Infestations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Insect bites - Arthropods - Answer (click here) Papular urticaria - Answer (click here) Bed bugs (Hemiptera) and Myiasis - Answer (click here) Lice infestations (pediculosis) - Answer (click here) Scabies - Answer (click here) Infestations of Parasitic worms - Answer (click here)
Skin reactions to light 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Skin reactions to light - Answer (click here) Sunburn - Answer (click here) Phototoxicity - Answer (click here) Photoallergy - Answer (click here) Chronic actinic dermatitis (actinic reticuloid) - Answer (click here) Polymorphic light eruption - Answer (click here) Actinic prurigo - Answer (click here) Solar urticaria - Answer (click here) Lupus erythematosus - Answer (click here) Cutaneous ageing - Answer (click here)
Disorders of pigmentation 1. 2. 3. 4.
Normal skin colour - Answer (click here) Abnormal skin colours - Answer (click here) Decreased melanin pigmentation - Answer (click here) Disorders with increased pigmentation (hypermelanosis) - Answer (click here)
Skin tumours
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Skin tumours: Prevention - Answer (click here) Benign - Answer (click here) Premalignant tumours - Answer (click here) Basal cell carcinoma (rodent ulcer) - Answer (click here) Squamous cell carcinoma - Answer (click here) Malignant melanoma - Answer (click here) Paget’s disease of the nipple - Answer (click here) Tumours of the dermis: Benign - Answer (click here) Tumours of the dermis: Malformations - Answer (click here) Tumours of the dermis: Haemangiomas - Answer (click here) Tumours of the dermis: Lymphangiomas - Answer (click here) Other benign dermal tumours - Answer (click here) Malignant: Kaposi’s sarcoma - Answer (click here) Lymphomas and leukaemias - Answer (click here) Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans and Cutaneous metastases - Answer (click here)
The skin in systemic disease 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
The skin and internal malignancy - Answer (click here) The skin and diabetes mellitus - Answer (click here) The skin in sarcoidosis - Answer (click here) The skin in liver disease - Answer (click here) The skin in renal disease - Answer (click here) The porphyrias - Answer (click here) Some metabolic disorders - Answer (click here) Generalized pruritus - Answer (click here) Pyoderma gangrenosum - Answer (click here) The skin changes of pregnancy - Answer (click here)
The skin and the psyche 1. 2. 3.
The skin and the psyche - Answer (click here) Reactions to skin disease - Answer (click here) Dermatoses precipitated or perpetuated by emotional factors - Answer (click here)
Other genetic disorders 1. 2. 3.
Other genetic disorders - Answer (click here) Non-Mendelian genetics - Answer (click here) Neurofibromatosis - Answer (click here)
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Tuberous sclerosis - Answer (click here) Xeroderma pigmentosum - Answer (click here) Incontinentia pigmenti - Answer (click here) Ehlers–Danlos syndrome - Answer (click here) Pseudoxanthoma elasticum - Answer (click here)
Drug eruptions 1. 2. 3.
Drug eruptions Mechanisms - Answer (click here) Drug eruptions Presentation: Some drugs and the reactions they can cause - Answer (click here) Some common reaction patterns and drugs which can cause them Answer (click here)
4. 5.
Drug eruptions Course and Differential diagnosis - Answer (click here) Drug eruptions Treatment - Answer (click here)
Medical treatment 1. 2. 3. 4.
Medical treatment - Answer (click here) Therapeutic options - Answer (click here) Topical treatment - Answer (click here) Systemic therapy - Answer (click here)
Physical forms of treatment 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Surgery - Physical forms of treatment - Answer (click here) Cryotherapy - Physical forms of treatment - Answer (click here) Radiotherapy - Physical forms of treatment - Answer (click here) Phototherapy - Physical forms of treatment - Answer (click here) Laser therapy - Physical forms of treatment - Answer (click here)