Heart Ownership Manual
HEALTHY HEARTS Celebrating 25 years | #HH25
uchealth.org
What is Healthy Hearts? Healthy Hearts is a heart health education program for the children of northern Colorado. Healthy Hearts believes the key to reducing cardiovascular disease is early identification of those with cardiac risk factors and education to control their risk. The purpose of the Healthy Hearts program is to identify children with a tendency towards high blood pressure and/or high cholesterol through blood pressure measurement and blood cholesterol testing. Additionally, the Healthy Hearts program educates students and families about heart disease and encourages a healthy lifestyle that includes a well-balanced diet, regular exercise and a commitment to a tobacco-free life.
Table of contents Your heart ownership manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 How your heart works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 What is cholesterol? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 What is blood pressure? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Risk factors for heart disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1st Risk Factor: Risk factors you can’t control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2nd Risk Factor: Eating habits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3rd Risk Factor: Using tobacco/nicotine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Coronary and cardiac word search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4th Risk Factor: Exercise habits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5th Risk Factor: Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Label the heart’s parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Test your heart IQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Crossword puzzle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 17 interesting facts about the human heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Your heart ownership manual
I pump about 80 gallons in ONE hour and I never get to rest!
Your heart is: • An amazing muscle. • The size of your fist. • Located behind the breastplate.
Have you ever been to a farm and pumped water from an old-fashioned pump? Can you believe that the most vital part of your body, the heart, is a simple pump? It pumps blood throughout the body day and night without ever resting! Your body holds about one gallon of blood. Your heart circulates that blood at a rate of about 80 gallons an hour and almost 2,000 gallons per day!
Cardiovascular system: • Also called the circulatory system. • Consists of your heart, arteries and veins. • Blood flow through the body is called circulation. • An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood loaded with oxygen away from the heart to nourish the body. • A vein is a blood vessel that returns used blood to the lungs to refuel itself with fresh oxygen.
Did you know? • Heart disease causes more death and illness than any other disease. It accounts for 40 percent of all deaths. • High cholesterol and high blood pressure can lead to heart disease. • There is good news! You can make choices to keep your circulatory system healthy and strong by leading a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle consists of having a healthy body weight, eating a well-balanced diet, exercising and staying away from tobacco products. • Start now and stay strong. YOU CAN DO IT!
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How your heart works • The right side of the heart pumps “used” or de-oxygenated blood to the lungs for more oxygen.
Aorta
Vena Cava
• The left side receives “fresh” or oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the entire body. Left Atrium
A healthy lifestyle can keep me healthy and strong!
Right Atrium
Left Ventricle Right Ventricle
Oxygenated blood De-oxygenated blood
These are the three coronary arteries that feed the heart muscle. If they become blocked, they are unable to nourish the heart muscle and it struggles to function. • Inside the heart, there are four hollow chambers. They direct the flow of blood either to the lungs or to the body. • The lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles. They are muscular parts of the heart that pump blood to the body. • Located on the outside of the heart muscle are three coronary arteries that deliver oxygen-rich blood to fuel the heart muscle itself. • The heart’s blood vessels were named coronary since they resemble a fancy crown that a king or queen might receive at a coronation ceremony!
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What is cholesterol?
Healthy artery
Cholesterol is a soft, waxy fat (lipid) that is made in the body by the liver. It is found in the bloodstream and in all of your body’s cells. Your body needs cholesterol to form cell membranes, some hormones and vitamin D. Cholesterol is found in animal related foods, such as eggs, meats and dairy products. Your body makes all the cholesterol it needs. When you have excess saturated fat and cholesterol in your diet, it can cause an excess of cholesterol in your blood. Too much cholesterol will cause plaque to build up in your blood vessels, specifically your coronary arteries, which can block normal blood flow. Artery with plaque
• The buildup of cholesterol in your arteries is known as atherosclerosis. • HDL, the “healthy” cholesterol, carries LDL, the “lousy” cholesterol, away from the arteries to the liver where it is filtered out of the body. • A high level of HDL seems to protect against heart disease. A low HDL level means an increased risk for heart disease.
Blood clot blocks blood flow
Unstable plaque ruptures
A clogged coronary artery causes a heart attack. The heart muscle can be permanently damaged and weakened.
Stroke Heart attack
Cholesterol and fat can build up inside the coronary artery and clog it. Coronary arteries carry oxygen-rich blood to feed the heart muscle. Muscles burn oxygen for fuel. A clogged artery can block blood flow and lead to a heart attack or stroke.
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What is blood pressure? • Blood pressure is the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries. High blood pressure can damage the heart and weaken arteries. • Cholesterol (LDL) sticks to weakened artery walls. • Blood pressure measures how hard the heart muscle must work to circulate blood throughout the body. • Systolic (120): Heart is pushing blood to the body. • Diastolic (80): In between heart beats.
A healthy blood pressure is lower than 120/80.
What is BMI? Body Mass Index (BMI) is a number that estimates how much body fat you have. Although not a perfect method for judging someone’s weight, BMI is a good way to get an idea of how a child is growing.
Did you know? • Being overweight can increase your risk of heart disease, diabetes and asthma. • You can check your BMI at a parent and kid friendly site: nourishinteractive.com/parents_area/bmi
Do you know your numbers? The physicians at the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend all children, ages 9-11, have their cholesterol screened. Do you know your numbers? Below are the recommendations for the best heart health numbers for children and adolescents aged 2-19 years. If you find your numbers are outside of these recommendations, there is no need to panic. Share them with your doctor and make a lifestyle plan to get you on track. Your 5210 goals will help. Screening measure Total cholesterol HDL Cholesterol/HDL ratio Blood pressure BMI
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Desirable numbers Less than 170 mg/dL More than 45 mg/dL Less than 3.8 Less than 120/80 mm/Hg Less than 25
Your body’s speedometer Pulse is:
• Often called your heart rate. • How many times the heart beats each minute. • Felt as a soft beat as blood is pushed through your blood vessels.
Fun facts:
• Your heart beats an average of 60-100 beats per minute. • That’s around 100,000 times in one day.
To measure your pulse rate:
My resting heart rate is bpm.
1. Hold out your left hand with palm facing up. 2. Place your right fingertips on your thumb. 3. Slide your fingers down your thumb to your wrist. 4. Press firmly to feel the thump of your pulse. 5. Count the beats for 6 seconds and multiply by 10. 6. This is your average pulse rate for one minute.
Activity: Matching Game: Draw a line to match the correct pulse rate (answers on page 28) 30 195 85 72 670 38
What do you think the pulse rate might be for an elephant doing aerobics or a mouse being chased by a cat? What do you think the cat’s heart rate would be during the race or after the race during his nap?
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Risk factors for heart disease Healthcare professionals have determined lifestyle habits and personal characteristics that may increase your risk of heart disease. We call these risk factors. Some of these factors can be changed and are called “modifiable.” Some risk factors cannot be changed and are called “unmodifiable.”
1st Risk Factor: Risk factors you can’t control Unmodifiable risk factors include age, genetics (family history) and race/ethnicity. It is important to understand all of your risk factors and discuss them with your healthcare professional to address the risk factors that you can control or treat.
The risk factors you cannot control are: • Age: The chance of having cardiovascular disease approximately doubles for each decade of life after age 55. Do everything you can when you are young to minimize your risk. • Race: African Americans have a much higher risk of cardiovascular disease than Caucasians do in part because they have a higher risk of diabetes and obesity. • Genetics (family history): Your cardiovascular disease risks are greater if a parent, sister or brother has had a heart attack or stroke. Try to find out your family health history by talking with your family. Genetics, or heredity, is what we inherit from our biological parents. Many of these inherited traits are outwardly visible. What traits can you identify in the picture below that are common among the mother, daughter and granddaughter in this family picture? What common traits may be invisible or difficult to identify?
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What did your relatives pass on? Use this tree to discover which health conditions, like heart disease, may be in your family. This knowledge can help guide the lifestyle choices that you can control such as eating habits and exercising. • With the help of a family member, fill in the boxes with the health conditions of your blood relatives. • Be sure to complete both sides of the family. If you do not have information about your blood relatives, you can still find out your own personal cholesterol and blood pressure numbers.
My family health tree Grandpa
Grandma
Grandpa
Grandma
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Aunt
Uncle
Mom
Brother
Brother
Dad
Me
Sister
Sister
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2nd Risk Factor: Eating habits Draw the last meal you ate and compare it to the “MyPlate” diagram.
How does your meal compare to MyPlate? What could you add to your plate to make it complete?
Is there anything on your plate that is not on MyPlate? For example, sports drinks, snack foods and desserts are not on MyPlate.
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Eat healthy all day Make breakfast matter • Eating breakfast may help children do better in school by improving memory, alertness, concentration, problem-solving skills, test scores, attendance and mood. • Adults and kids who skip breakfast tend to have higher cholesterol levels. • Hey parents! Your kids are more likely to eat breakfast if you do, which will create a life-long healthy eating habit. • Did you know that many breakfast foods can promote heart health? • Fat-free or low-fat milk and yogurt, fruit, 100 percent fruit juices, whole grain cereals or bread and the fiber in oatmeal can be part of an eating plan that helps control blood pressure and reduce LDL (the bad cholesterol) levels.
Pack a smart lunch Use: • Lean deli meat and cheese • Apple slices or applesauce • Low-fat milk • Homemade treats
• Peanut butter and jelly sandwich • Granola bars • Water • Banana
• Whole wheat bread • Veggie sticks • Light or fat free mayo • Non-fat yogurt
Fat facts • All high fat foods eaten frequently or in large amounts can lead to high cholesterol, clogged arteries, excess weight and an unhealthy heart. • Unhealthy, saturated fats (fatty meats, butter and chicken skin) should only be eaten occasionally. • Healthy, unsaturated fats increase your “good” HDL cholesterol. Oils are not a food group but you need some for good health. Get your oils from fish, nuts and liquid oils.
My favorite foods with healthy fats are: (circle all that apply)
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MyPlate top 10 tips 1. Make half of your plate fruits and vegetables. • Add fruits and vegetables to all of your meals. • Choose brightly colored fruits and vegetables. • Eat a rainbow which means you should eat foods of different colors at each meal.
2. Pay attention when your stomach says you are full. • Eat at the table. • Turn off the TV while eating. • Sit back, relax and take your time. • Eat slowly and enjoy meal time.
3. Avoid large portion sizes. • Use a smaller plate and glass. • Bigger portions = bigger bodies.
4. Balance MyPlate with daily activity. • Go outside and be active.
5. Drink nonfat, 1% or low-fat milk. • Dairy products give your body calcium, vitamin D and protein. • Vitamin D helps the body absorb the calcium it needs to build strong bones and teeth. • Keep your heart happy with low-fat or fat-free dairy foods.
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6. Put whole grains on your plate.
Make half your grains whole grains. Grains provide fuel to keep your engine running!
Whole grain word scramble (answers on page 29)
1. hwoel htwae
2. wrobn erci
3. uqnoai
4. oeamalt
5. rponpoc
6. yaeblr
7. ery
8. cakbutweh
7. Choose lean proteins. • We need protein to maintain body tissues and build muscle. • Go lean by choosing lean or low-fat meats, chicken, turkey and fish.
8. These are once in a while foods. • Candy, soda, chips and fast foods have a lot of fat and sugar so only eat them as a treat. • Your body and brain do need some sugar to function properly. Natural sugars (in fruit) are far better for you than added sugars which have few nutrients. • Too much sugar can cause weight gain and tooth decay. 9. Choose foods with less salt (sodium). • Be careful of foods that come in boxes, bags or cans because they are often high in salt. • Read the food label and choose the food with less sodium. • Limit your daily salt intake to 2,000 mg or less. 10. Drink water instead of drinks full of sugar. • Sodas, sports drinks and even fruit flavored drinks can be full of sugar.
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Label reading Reading labels is the only way to truly know what is in your packaged foods. Compare the nutrition content by filling in the blanks below.
Nutrition Facts
Beverage #1
Beverage #2
Snack #1
Snack #2
Water
Serving size Calories Total fat Fiber Sugars Protein Vitamins/minerals
Nutrition Facts
Apple
Serving size Calories Total fat Fiber Sugars Protein Vitamins/minerals
Which beverage gives you the best nutrition? Which snack gives you the best nutrition?
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Snack attack
Healthy food choices will make you feel better and play better.
After a long day at school or an afternoon of playing, your stomach may be telling you it’s time to eat but before you reach for that bag of chips, consider choosing one of these healthier options instead:
Start making healthy choices today!
• Choose a protein and a fruit or vegetable for your snack such as apples and a slice of cheese or carrots with a glass of low fat milk. • Instead of soda or juice, grab some water or fatfree milk. • Instead of chips or crackers, grab a piece of fruit or veggie sticks. • Instead of cookies or cake, grab a sugar free ice pop or unsweetened, fat-free yogurt.
Good food choices Get the right amount of nutrient-rich foods first. These kinds of foods give you the most nutrients with the fewest calories from extra fats and sugars.
What could you choose instead? • King size burger
A small, single burger
• Mayonnaise, sauces, cheese
Lettuce, tomato, pickles, mustard and ketchup
• Large french fries
Small fries, veggies or fruit
• Breaded or crispy fried chicken
Grilled, baked or broiled chicken
• Ice cream
Low-fat frozen yogurt, milk or chocolate milk
• Potato chips
Almonds, sunflower seeds
How can you make healthier choices? Write down three ideas. 1. 2. 3. Heart Ownership Manual
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3rd Risk Factor: Using tobacco/nicotine The health costs of smoking: • Once you start smoking, it is very difficult to stop. • Smoking fills the lungs with black sticky tar that causes lung cancer. • Smoking causes blood vessels to clog and quickly close which damages the heart and weakens the body. • Smoking crowds oxygen out of the blood and replaces it with toxic carbon monoxide. • Smoking causes brown stained teeth, bad breath and wrinkled skin.
Tobacco is hard on your heart. • Using tobacco clogs arteries. • Using tobacco lowers your “good” healthy HDL cholesterol. • Using tobacco raises your blood pressure. This is a picture of the inside of a smoker’s artery. You can see the damage. Blood cannot flow easily through this artery.
It’s never too late to quit tobacco! Did you know that when you quit smoking: • Within 20 minutes, your blood pressure and heart rate decreases. • Within eight hours, the level of oxygen in your blood rises to normal. • In 24 hours, your risk of a heart attack starts to drop. • In two days, your senses of smell and taste get better. • Within two weeks to three months, your circulation and lung function improve. • Within one to nine months, coughing, sinus problems and shortness of breath decrease so you have more energy! • After 5-15 years, your risk of dying from lung cancer will drop to half that of a smoker’s.
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Young people who do not use tobacco before age 18 will likely never start.
Smoking is expensive COST OF SMOKING ½ pack
1 pack
1 ½ packs
2 packs
2 ½ packs
3 packs
Day
$3
$6
$9
$12
$15
$18
Week
$21
$42
$63
$84
$105
$126
Month
$84
$168
$252
$336
$420
$504
1 Year
$1,008
$2,016
$3,024
$4,032
$5,040
$6,048
10 Years
$10,080
$20,160
$30,240
$40,320
$50,400
$60,480
20 Years
$20,160
$40,320
$60,480
$80,640
$100,800
$120,960
30 Years
$30,240
$60,480
$90,720
$120,960
$151,200
$181,440
40 Years
$40,320
$80,640
$120,960
$161,280
$201,600
$241,920
I will be years-old in 10 years! Here is what I would buy instead of spending the money on smoking. (Draw a picture and label it.)
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Be prepared Here is how I will say “NO!� to tobacco! If someone in your family smokes, how can you create a smoke-free zone for yourself?
E-Cigarettes E-cigarettes and hookah are NOT a safe alternative to traditional cigarettes. Just like traditional cigarettes, these products are addictive and have many chemicals that cause cancer. They may also cause heart disease. Standing next to someone who is vaping will affect your heart and lungs just like second-hand smoke. Get the facts at larimer.org/tobacco.
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Coronary and cardiac word search Cardiac and coronary are often used when referring to your heart (answers on page 28)
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HEART (there are 5) CARDIOLOGIST CORONARY ARTERY CORONARY CARDIAC UNIT CARDIOVASCULAR CARDIAC CARDIAC ARREST CIRCULATION
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4th Risk Factor: Exercise habits Be active for 60 minutes a day! Remember it doesn’t have to be in one 60 minute block. You can break it down into smaller increments that total 60 minutes by the end of the day.
Fun and fitness for life Exercise is fun!
• Exercise keeps the body strong and helps blood flow smoothly throughout the body. • Exercise can help maintain a healthy blood pressure, body weight and cholesterol levels. • Exercise makes your body feel great!
Run, Jump and Play!
• Your heart rate will increase. • Your breathing will increase. • You might sweat or feel warmer. • Then you will have a stronger heart, muscles and bones.
Measure your progress Write down how many you can do in 1 minute. Then keep track to see if your fitness improves as you exercise every day for 60 minutes! Today Sit ups Push ups Jumping jacks Squats
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1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
4 weeks
Exercise experiment Cardiovascular exercise makes you feel good, improves your memory and reduces your risk of heart disease! Strive for 60 minutes every day! Observations
Resting in a chair
After jogging for 1 minute
Pulse rate Describe your breathing Describe your body temperature
Experiment – How should my body feel when I am getting my 60 minutes of exercise each day? What changes occurred to my body during cardiovascular exercise? My favorite way to get my 60 minutes of exercise is: The reason I exercise is (circle all that apply): It makes me feel good and improves my mood. It helps me concentrate on my school work and makes me smarter. It’s good for my heart. It’s good for my muscles and bones. It helps me maintain a healthy weight. It’s fun! I like to exercise/play sports with my friends.
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5th Risk Factor: Stress Manage stress Emotions and stress are a leading risk factor for heart disease. We can’t eliminate all the stress from our lives; however, we can control how we react to it. Here are a few ways to deal with stress: • Take a few deep breaths – breathing slowly and mindfully reduces stressproducing hormones and triggers the relaxation response in your body. • Exercise! – There is nothing like a great sweat to help you relieve pent-up energy. Plus, exercise helps release feel-good hormones. • Take action to reduce your stressors such as writing out a plan to finish a big project or task. • Spend time with a good friend, family member or pet. Talking about stress can get your mind focused on solutions to your problem. • Enjoy nature – being surrounded by the sights and sounds of nature can help calm your mind and reduce your stress. • Eat nutritious foods to keep both your mind and body sharp enough to cope with life’s ups and downs. • Make sleep a priority.
How to take a deep belly breath The next time you feel mad or sad, take a few minutes to breathe deeply to calm yourself down. 1. Sit or lay down in a quiet and comfortable position. 2. Place your hands on your belly. 3. Breathe in through your nose for a slow count of 8-10. 4. Pause with your lungs full of nourishing oxygen. 5. Exhale slowly for a count of 8-10. 6. Repeat as often as necessary.
I like to deal with stress by: (draw a picture.)
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5210 goals Here is one thing I can do today for my heart. Eat at least 5 fruits and veggies every day: Limit TV and other screen time to 2 hours or less per day: Enjoy 1 hour or more of physical activity every day: Drink 0 sugary drinks:
Set a 5210 goal to work on over the next week. My 5210 goal is:
Sign to make it official! Share with a friend, parent or teacher. Have them sign to show their support with helping you reach your goal.
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Label the heart’s parts Write words from the list to label the parts of the heart. (answers on page 29)
1 2
3
4
5 6
Word list AORTA VALVES LEFT VENTRICLE LEFT ATRIUM RIGHT VENTRICLE RIGHT ATRIUM
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Test your heart IQ Circle the correct answer. (answers on page 29) 1. How many gallons does your heart pump in ONE hour? 80 30 200 5
2. What does your heart pump? Energy Bile Blood Water
3. Your heart is made out of what kind of tissue? Muscle Blood Skin Lung
4. Your heart, arteries and veins are a part of what system? Pulmonary Cardiovascular Muscular Endocrine
5. How many combined servings of fruits and vegetables should we eat in one day? 1 2 3 5
6. If you were to line up all your arteries and veins, how far would they go? 1 mile 50 miles 60,000 miles 250 miles
7. HDL is the
cholesterol. Good or “Healthy” Bad or “Lousy”
8. HDL removes from our blood. Bacteria Oxygen LDL Plaque
9. At what age can cholesterol start sticking in your arteries? 2 45 65 12
10. Once LDL sticks in your arteries, can you get it off? Yes No
11. Where does cholesterol come from? Our food and drinks Our body makes it Both
12. Do fruits and vegetables have cholesterol? Yes No
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Crossword puzzle
1
2
(answers on page 29) 3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
ACROSS 6. The amount of blood your body has at any one time. 12. Do this for 1 hour (60 minutes) every day! 13. Dietary fat that raises “good� HDL cholesterol. 14. Limit your screen time to this number of hours or less each day. 15. The amount of fruits and veggies to eat daily for good health. 16. Build up of cholesterol in your arteries. 17. The amount of pressure inside your arteries when your heart contracts and releases. DOWN 1. The number of sugar-added drinks that are part of a healthy diet. 2. What to do if someone offers you a cigarette. 3. The gas that the lungs remove from red blood cells. 4. Heart disease risk factors that you can change are called this. 5. Blood without oxygen returns to the heart though this large vein. 7. Large artery the size of a garden hose. 8. The lower two chambers of the heart. 9. Traits you inherit from your family that you cannot change. 10. The gas that the lungs add to the red blood cells. 11. Special arteries that give the heart its own blood to use.
Word bank Blood Pressure Genetics Vena Cava
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Say No Ventricles Modifiable
Heart Ownership Manual
One Gallon Zero Atherosclerosis
Aorta Five Servings Unsaturated
Exercise Coronary Carbon Dioxide
Two Oxygen
17 interesting facts about
the human heart
1. The average adult heart beats 72 times a minute; 100,000 times a day; 3,600,000 times a year; and 2.5 billion times during a lifetime.f 2. Though weighing only 11 ounces on average, a healthy heart pumps 2,000 gallons of blood through 60,000 miles of blood vessels each day.c 3. A kitchen faucet would need to be turned on all the way for at least 45 years to equal the amount of blood pumped by the heart in an average lifetime.a 4. Every day, the heart creates enough energy to drive a truck 20 miles. In a lifetime, that is equivalent to driving to the moon and back.a 5. Because the heart has its own electrical impulse, it can continue to beat even when separated from the body, as long as it has an adequate supply of oxygen.c 6. Five percent of blood supplies the heart, 15-20% goes to the brain and central nervous system and 22% goes to the kidneys.a 7. The “thump-thump” of a heartbeat is the sound made by the four valves of the heart closing.a 8. Early Egyptians believed that the heart and other major organs had wills of their own and would move around inside the body.d 9. Plato theorized that reasoning originated with the brain, but that passions originated in the “fiery” heart.f 10. The term “heartfelt” originated from Aristotle’s philosophy that the heart collected sensory input from the peripheral organs through the blood vessels. It was from those perceptions that thought and emotions arose.f 11. Galen of Pergamum, a prominent surgeon to Roman gladiators, demonstrated that blood, not air, filled arteries, as Hippocrates had concluded. However, he also believed that the heart acted as a low-temperature oven to keep the blood warm and that blood trickled from one side of the heart to other through tiny holes in the heart.f 12. Galen agreed with Aristotle that the heart was the body’s source of heat, a type of “lamp” fueled by blood from the liver and fanned into spirituous flame by air from the lungs. The brain merely served to cool the blood.f 13. “Atrium” is Latin for “entrance hall,” and “ventricle” is Latin for “little belly.”a 14. A woman’s heart typically beats faster than a man’s. The heart of an average man beats approximately 70 times a minute, whereas the average woman has a heart rate of 78 per minute.b 15. Blood is actually a tissue. When the body is at rest, it takes only six seconds for the blood to go from the heart to the lungs and back, only eight seconds for it to go the brain and back and only 16 seconds for it to reach the toes and travel all the way back to the heart.c 16. The right atrium holds about 3.5 tablespoons of blood. The right ventricle holds slightly more than a quarter cup of blood. The left atrium holds the same amount of blood as the right, but its walls are three times thicker.g 17. Grab a tennis ball and squeeze it tightly: that’s how hard the beating heart works to pump blood.a – Posted Jan. 28, 2010 References a Avraham, Regina. 2000. The Circulatory System. Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House Publishers. b Chilnick, Lawrence. 2008. Heart Disease: An Essential Guide for the Newly Diagnosed. Philadelphia, PA: Perseus Books Group. c Daniels, Patricia, et. al. 2007. Body: The Complete Human. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. d Davis, Goode P., et. al. 1981. The Heart: The Living Pump. Washington D.C.: U.S. News Books. e The Heart and Circulatory System. 2000. Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc. f Parramon’s Editorial Team. 2005. Essential Atlas of Physiology. Hauppauge, NY: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. g Tsiaras, Alexander. 2005. The InVision Guide to a Healthy Heart. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers.
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For more information, check out these great resources Healthy Hearts Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . uchealth.org/healthyhearts • Check out our yearly outcomes report. • Watch a video on our program. • Download screening forms. Healthy Kids Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . healthykidsclub.org CanDo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . candoonline.org Larimer County Health District . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . healthdistrict.org American Heart Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . heart.org Myplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . choosemyplate.gov 5210 Challenge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . uchealth.org/5210 KidsHealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kidshealth.org
Answer key Heart Rate Matching Game Elephant: 30 bpm Horse: 38 bpm Human: 72 bpm Dog: 85 bpm Cat: 195 bpm Mouse: 670 bpm The bigger the animal, the slower the heart rate. Word Search
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Heart Ownership Manual
Whole Grain Word Scramble 1. Whole wheat 2. Brown rice 3. Quinoa 4. Oatmeal 5. Popcorn 6. Barley 7. Rye 8. Buckwheat Heart Label 1. Aorta 2. Right atrium 3. Left atrium 4. Valves 5. Right ventricle 6. Left ventricle Heart IQ 1. 80 2. Blood 3. Muscle 4. Cardiovascular system 5. 5 a day 6. 60,000 miles 7. Good or “Healthy” 8. LDL 9. 2 10. No 11. Both 12. No 1
Crossword Puzzle
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Notes 30
Heart Ownership Manual
HEALTHY HEARTS
uchealth.org