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My name is Donna Michelle CEO, President and owner of DMochelle Fashions, and DMochelle Fashions Magazine. My passion is to heal those who have been diagnosed with breast cancer to recover their inward as well as their outward appearance. My background was in Retail with ten years in Management experience working for Victoria Secret and Nordstrom as a Bra Specialist Fitter. It was an amazing experience with working with clients who had Mastectomy and understanding their needs. It is a delightful feeling when they would walk out of my presence feeling great with smiles after the tears and embarrassed. I also worked for New York Presbyterian Hospital in the Breast Clinic. I wanted to bring sunshine to their faces. I have had close family and friends who have passed away from Breast Cancer. DMochelle Fashion Means: A beautiful women, her reputation as great beauty and the combination of qualities that make something pleasing and impressive to look at, listen to and great smiles. Her personal and physical attractiveness, especially with regard to the use of cosmetics and other methods of enhancing her goodness. In 2012, I started writing my vision on DMochelle Fashions clothing line. This clothing line is especially designed for women that have had a mastectomy with the regard to the method of cosmetics, to enhance their lives. By the end 2012, I was diagnosed with Breast Cancer as Stage 0. I am thankful to God I had a early mammogram and caught the cancer at its earliest stage. The type of treatment was surgery (two lymph nodes were removed and tissue removed from the left breast) at the beginning of the year of 2013 along with radiation treatments. I am now "Cancer Free."
" Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he [was] wounded for our transgressions, [he was] bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace [was] upon him; and with his stripes we are healed." Isaiah 53: 4-5 Website: DMochelle Fashions
Face Book Page: DMochelle Fashions
Face Book Page: DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell
Origins of the Pink Ribbon These days ribbons are worn for many different causes. Red signifies AIDS awareness. A yellow ribbon has long represented support for armed forces. However, one of the most prominent ribbon colors is pink, which aims to raise awareness of and support for breast cancer. Pink is a color that is uniquely feminine, and it also represents a person full of health and vibrancy; think of little babies pink with life. Pink is also a color that seems the complete antithesis of cancer, and thusly inspires hope for renewed health and survival. There is some controversy surrounding the origins of the breast cancer mascot... the pink ribbon. There are also suggestions that the ribbon was intended to be peach and not pink. In 1992, just about every organization started using ribbons to raise awareness. The New York Times actually dubbed 1992 "The Year of the Ribbon." Alexandra Penney, the then-editor of Self magazine, wanted to create a ribbon for the publication's second annual Breast Cancer Awareness Month issue. The previous year she had worked with cosmetics giant Estee Lauder. Evelyn Lauder, the senior corporate vice president, was herself a breast cancer survivor. Penney thought a collaboration between the
magazine and Lauder could see a ribbon on cosmetic counters across the nation, and help sell a few magazines in the process. The trouble was Penney had read a story about a 68-year-old woman, Charlotte Haley, who was producing handmade ribbons in her home. Haley had a number of people in her immediate family who had battled breast cancer and her handmade "peach" ribbons intended to raise awareness about the limited government funds being used for breast cancer research. Haley's message was spreading by word of mouth. Penney and Lauder contacted Haley and wanted to further collaborate on the peach ribbon theme. However, Haley didn't want to be involved, saying the effort would be too commercial. She refused to turn over rights to the use of the peach ribbon. As a result, Penney consulted with attorneys who said to come up with another color, and pink was eventually chosen. Pink had already been associated with breast cancer in the past. Just a few years earlier, the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation had given out pink visors to its "Race for the Cure" participants. It had also created a pink ribbon. The pink ribbon quickly took off by leaps and bounds. Millions were distributed by Estee Lauder. There are many philanthropic and commercial businesses who now use the pink ribbon in their breast cancer marketing plans. Every October, women are urged to don pink for Breast Cancer Awareness Month. One can find the pink ribbon adorning everything from cereal boxes to cans of cleanser. Many embrace the pink ribbon as a symbol of hope, one that has done its share of work toward spreading the word about the need for more breast cancer awareness and research.
Researched and provided by Pamela Henderson (20 years Cancer Survivor)
Top tips for breast cancer prevention 1. Avoid becoming overweight. Obesity raises the risk of breast cancer after menopause, the time of life when breast cancer most often occurs. Avoid gaining weight over time, and try to maintain a body-mass index under 25 (calculators can be found online). 2. Eat healthy to avoid tipping the scale. Embrace a diet high in vegetables and fruit and low in sugared drinks, refined carbohydrates and fatty foods. Eat lean protein such as fish or chicken breast and eat red meat in moderation, if at all. Eat whole grains. Choose vegetable oils over animal fats.
6. If you bear children, breast-feed your babies for as long as possible. Women who breast-feed their babies for at least a year in total have a reduced risk of developing breast cancer later. 7. Avoid hormone replacement therapy. Menopausal hormone therapy increases risk for breast cancer. If you must take hormones to recommendations to decide what type of screening you need and how often you need it. If you are at high risk for breast cancer, such as having a particular gene like a BRCA gene, or have a strong family history or have had highrisk benign breast disease in the past, talk with your doctor about other options for you which might include: A. Extra screenings. For some women, MRI or ultrasound screenings can add valuable information to regular mammogram screening.
3. Keep physically active. Research suggests that increased physical activity, even when begun later in life, reduces overall breast-cancer risk by about 10 percent to 30 percent. All it takes is moderate exercise like a 30-minute walk five days a week to get this protective effect.
B. Estrogen-blocking drugs. Women with a family history of breast cancer or who are over age 60 should talk to their doctor about the pros and cons of estrogen-blocking drugs such as tamoxifen, raloxifene, and aromatase inhibitors.
4. Drink little or no alcohol. Alcohol use is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Women should limit intake to no more than one drink per day, regardless of the type of alcohol.
C. Prophylactic surgery to remove breasts and/or ovaries. Women who have had both breasts surgically removed reduce their risk of breast cancer by over 90 percent. Women who have had both ovaries removed have about half the risk of developing breast cancer as women with intact ovaries. Clearly these options are most appropriate for women at very high risk.
5. Don’t smoke. Research suggests that longterm smoking is associated with increased risk of breast cancer in some women.
10 Reasons to Drink Green Tea Many nutrition experts contend that pure water is the most healthful thirst quencher. While that's certainly an excellent choice - and far better than fruit juices or soda, both of which can spike blood sugar and lead to weight gain - I believe there's an even better one: green tea. Green tea comes from the lightly steamed leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. It was first brewed in China during the reign of Emperor Shennong in 2737 BC. Long revered in many cultures and traditions throughout Asia, its popularity has soared in the West - particularly the U.S. - in the past two decades. That's fortunate, as research into this ancient beverage has validated its longstanding reputation for supporting physical and mental health. Scientific inquiries report that green tea: 1. contains antioxidants, including polyphenols such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which can powerfully quench damaging "free radicals," metabolic byproducts that are chemically reactive and can damage cells. According to a study published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the polyphenols found in green tea provide six times the radical-quenching potential of those found in black tea. 2. supports cardiovascular and metabolic health. According to a study published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition, researchers found subjects consuming five or more cups of green tea per day were less likely to develop hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes, or die of cardiovascular disease or stroke. Researchers also found in animal studies that EGCG improved heart health by preventing "overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy" - or thickening of the heart muscles. 3. helps to prevent fatty buildup in arteries, according to a 2013 study published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. The investigation found EGCG from green tea may reduce cholesterol levels, ultimately assisting in lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. 4. can increase energy and mental focus. Green tea contains a small amount of caffeine, which a 2008 study in Nutrition Bulletin found can improve mood, cognitive function and physical performance. Green tea contains less caffeine than does coffee, and provides L-theanine, an amino acid shown to promote a state of calm awareness. Result: green tea provides the benefits of alertness associated with caffeine without the "jittery" feeling often experienced as a side effect of coffee. 5. quickly calms and relaxes. L-theanine exhibits anti-anxiety effects by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, and also appears to decrease blood pressure. A study published in Trends in Food Science & Technology found green tea produces relaxing effects without drowsiness only 40 minutes after ingestion. 6. facilitates the burning of body fat. Green tea promotes the body's ability to burn fat through thermogenesis and fat oxidation. A study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found the combination of polyphenols and caffeine from an extract of green tea resulted in a "significant increase" of energy expenditure compared to placebo. 15 7. may help prevent skin damage and cancer. An animal study published in Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis found green tea appears to protect against skin papillomas and tumors induced by UVA and UVB light. The 8. may improve bone health. A study published in Nutrition Research found the bioactive components of green tea may help decrease the risk of fracture by improving bone mineral density.
9. may lower the risk of certain types of cancer. Studies have examined green tea's potential role in lowering risks of breast, ovarian, bladder, esophageal, and prostate cancers. More studies are needed, but research so far is promising. 10. improves insulin sensitivity and may help protect against diabetes, as well as against rapid rises and subsequent crashes in blood sugar levels that lead to fatigue, irritability, and food cravings. A study in Annals of Internal Medicine found consumption of green tea (as well as black tea and coffee), was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Sources: Serafini, M., A. Ghiselli, and A. Ferro-Luzzi. "In vivo antioxidant effect of green and black tea in man." European journal of clinical nutrition 50, no. 1 (1996): 28-32. Wolfram, Swen. "Effects of green tea and EGCG on cardiovascular and metabolic health." Journal of the American College of Nutrition 26, no. 4 (2007): 373S-388S. Kim, Hae-Suk, Vedrana Montana, Hyun-Ju Jang, Vladimir Parpura, and Jeong-A. Kim. "Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Stimulates Autophagy in Vascular Endothelial Cells A POTENTIAL ROLE FOR REDUCING LIPID ACCUMULATION." Journal of Biological Chemistry 288, no. 31 (2013): 22693-22705. Ruxton, C. H. S. "The impact of caffeine on mood, cognitive function, performance and hydration: a review of benefits and risks." Nutrition Bulletin 33, no. 1 (2008): 15-25. Juneja, Lekh Raj, Djong-Chi Chu, Tsutomu Okubo, Yukiko Nagato, and Hidehiko Yokogoshi. "L-theanine—a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans." Trends in Food Science & Technology 10, no. 6 (1999): 199204. Dulloo, Abdul G., Claudette Duret, DorothÊe Rohrer, Lucien Girardier, Nouri Mensi, Marc Fathi, Philippe Chantre, and Jacques Vandermander. "Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans." The American journal of clinical nutrition 70, no. 6 (1999): 1040-1045. Record, Ian R., and Ivor E. Dreosti. "Protection by black tea and green tea against UVB and UVA+ B induced skin cancer in hairless mice." Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 422, no. 1 (1998): 191-199. Shen, Chwan-Li, James K. Yeh, Jay J. Cao, and Jia-Sheng Wang. "Green tea and bone metabolism." Nutrition research 29, no. 7 (2009): 437-456. Choan, E., Roanne Segal, Derek Jonker, Shawn Malone, Neil Reaume, Libni Eapen, and Victor Gallant. "A prospective clinical trial of green tea for hormone refractory prostate cancer: an evaluation of the complementary/alternative therapy approach." In Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 108-113. Elsevier, 2005. Gao, Yu Tang, Joseph K. McLaughlin, William J. Blot, Bu Tian Ji, Qi Dai, and Joseph F. Fraumeni. "Reduced risk of esophageal cancer associated with green tea consumption." Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, no. 11 (1994): 855-858. Imai, Kazue, Kenji Suga, and Kei Nakachi. "Cancer-preventive effects of drinking green tea among a Japanese population." Preventive medicine 26, no. 6 (1997): 769-775. Iso, Hiroyasu, Chigusa Date, Kenji Wakai, Mitsuru Fukui, and Akiko Tamakoshi. "The relationship between green tea and total caffeine intake and risk for self-reported type 2 diabetes among Japanese adults." Annals of Internal Medicine 144, no. 8 (2006): 554-562
Submitted by Pamela Henderson (20 year cancer survivor) Good for cleaning blood Ingredients 1 pound sorrel 1/2 gallon water Sugar 2-4 oz. ginger Pimento (allspice) grains- a few (optional) Preparation Wash sorrel thoroughly, drain and place in bowl. Peel and grate ginger and add to sorrel. Add pimento berries. Boil water and pour over sorrel. Allow to stand for at least 4-6 hours. Strain, then sweeten and add rum to taste. Serve chill. More Healthily Choices: Amaranth greens – same as Callaloo, a variety of Spinach Avocado Asparagus Bell Peppers Burro Banana Chayote (Mexican Squash) Cucumber Dandelion greens Garbanzo beans (chick peas)-optional Izote – cactus flower/ cactus leaf- grows naturally in California Jicama Kale Lettuce (all, except Iceberg) Mushrooms (all, except Shitake) Mustard greens Nopales – Mexican Cactus Okra Olives (and olive oil) Onions Poke salad -greens Sea Vegetables (wakame/dulse/arame/hijiki/nori) Squash Spinach (use sparingly) String beans Tomato – cherry and plum only Tomatillo Turnip greens Zucchini Nutritional Guide | Fruits No canned fruits or Seedless fruits Apples Bananas – the smallest one or the Burro/mid-size (original banana) Berries – all varieties- Elderberries in any form – no cranberries Cantaloupe Cherries Currants Dates Figs Grapes -seeded Limes (key limes preferred with seeds) Mango Melons seeded Orange (Seville or sour preferred, difficult to find ) Papayas Peaches Pears Plums Prunes Raisins -seeded Soft Jelly Coconuts (and coconut oil) Soursops –Latin or West Indian markets) Sugar apples (chermoya) Nutritional Guide | Nuts & Seeds (Includes nut & seed butters) Raw Almonds and Almond butter Raw Brazil Nuts (I added this item) Raw Sesame Seeds Raw Sesame “Tahini” Butter Walnuts/Hazelnut Nutritional Guide | Spices – Seasonings Achiote Basil Bay leaf Cayenne Cilantro Coriander Cumin Dill Garlic (I added this item) Marjoram Onion Powder Oregano Powdered Granulated Seaweed (Kelp/Dulce/Nori – has “sea taste”) Pure Sea Salt Sage Sweet Basil Tarragon Thyme
Nutritional Guide | Sugars 100% Pure Agave Syrup – (from cactus) Date “Sugar” (from dried dates) 100% Pure Maple Syrup – Grade B recommended Maple “Sugar” (from dried maple syrup) Nutritional Guide | Alkaline Grains Amaranth Black Rice Kamut Quinoa Rye Spelt Tef Wild Rice Nutritional Guide | All Natural Herbal Teas Alvaca Anise Chamomile Cloves Fennel Ginger Lemon grass Red Raspberry Sea Moss Tea Organ Cleansing Herbs Along with following the above Nutritional Guide, I also take the following herbs to clean and revitalize my organs: Burdock Root – blood and liver cleanser, diuretic, Bladderwrack (seaweed) – vitamin, and mineral supplement Black Walnut (I added this item) – kills parasites Bromelain & Papain (I added this item) – dissolves proteins in the small intestines Chia Seed (I added this item) – increase energy, anti-inflammatory, colon cleanser, high in essential fatty acids, protein and mineral source Chlorella (algae) (I added this item) – protein, vitamin, and mineral supplement, detoxifier Curcumin (I added this item) – antioxidant, supports brain, cardiovascular, and joint health Dandelion – blood and liver cleanser Elderberry (Sambucus Nigra) – strengthens the body against colds Flax Seed (I added this item) – fights against heart disease, cancers, diabetes, high essential fatty acids Irish Moss (seaweed) – vitamin, and mineral supplement Kelp (seaweed) (I added this item) – vitamin, and mineral supplement Milk Thistle (I added this item) – liver cleanser and rejuvenator Mullein (I added this item) – removes mucus in the small intestines Oil of Oregano (I added this item) – antiviral Sarsaparilla – blood purifier, diuretic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory Spirulina (algae) (I added this item) – protein, vitamin, and mineral supplement St. John's Wort (I added this item) – antidepressant, antiviral Wormwood Leaf (I added this item) – kills parasites References: Dr. Sebi Nutritional Guide
By Dymond Franklin Nanna: Donna M, Franklin My Nanna is a breast cancer survivor. I felt sad when I found out my Nanna had breast cancer and now since it’s all gone and over, and God took care of it I feel relieved. I am not worried as much as before , because I really Love my Nanna more than anything except for God, because he kept her here.
Cherish your children Her children arise and call her blessed. Proverb 31:28 One of the greatest blessings we can give our children is a strong sense of family identity. That's the reason two of the most powerful words in any child's vocabulary are "we always." It means they have a sense of family identity. Example: Dymond and I, we always have so much to talk about from the age 2 years old to now. I would come and get her on weekends, we would do things together like for instance: go to beauty salon and we would all get our hair and nails done, baking some goodies, going shopping and have fun. She has a love for school from the time she started kindergarten an even today. She also talked about being a teacher. Dymond is a honor roll student from the time she started going to school. Around bed time, we had many conversations and one of them was about God. she has grown so nicely. I am very proud of my one and only granddaughter. She has given me joy since the time she was born and I cherish every moment with her. When she found out I had breast cancer, it made her worry. But I taught her that a pure heart God always listens too. So I said to her, if you pray for me that God will remove the cancer and heal your Nanna and I will live on in this life. He would heal me of cancer and he did it. Dymond is Nanna personal stylists. She puts my makeup on, eye lashes, and makes sure my colors are coordinated, she love to wear my shoes. What will I do without my Dymond because she is a diamond that shines so bright. Nanna love her to life.
By Donna Michelle Kittrell
Words of The Month: Chemotherapy What is chemotherapy and how does it work? Chemotherapy is the use of medicines or drugs to treat a disease, such as cancer. Many times this treatment is just called chemo. Surgery and radiation therapy remove, kill, or damage cancer cells in a certain area, but chemo can work throughout the whole body. Chemo can kill cancer cells that have metastasized (meh-TAS-tuhsized) or spread to parts of the body far away from the primary (original) tumor. More than 100 chemo drugs are used in many combinations. A single chemo drug can be used to treat cancer, but often multiple drugs are used in a certain order or in certain combinations (called combination chemotherapy). Multiple drugs with different actions can work together to kill more cancer cells. This can also reduce the chance that the cancer may become resistant to any one chemo drug. You and your doctor will decide what drug or combination of drugs you will get. Your doctor will choose the doses, how the drugs will be given, and how often and how long you’ll get treatment. All of these decisions will depend on the type of cancer, where it is, how big it is, and how it affects your normal body functions and overall health.
What is the goal of chemo? Depending on the type of cancer, its stage (how far it has spread), and where you are in the treatment process, chemo can be used to:
Cure the cancer. Keep the cancer from spreading. Slow the cancer’s growth. Kill cancer cells that may have spread to other parts of the body. Relieve symptoms caused by cancer.
Your doctor will talk to you about the goal of your chemo before you start treatment.
Will chemo be my only treatment for cancer? Sometimes chemo is the only treatment you need. More often, chemo is used along with surgery or radiation therapy or both. Here’s why:
Chemo may be used to shrink a tumor before surgery or radiation therapy. It may be used after surgery or radiation therapy to help kill any remaining cancer cells. It may be used with other treatments if your cancer comes back. When chemo is given after surgery to kill any cancer cells that may still be present, it’s called adjuvant therapy. When chemo is used to shrink a tumor before surgery or radiation therapy, it’s called neoadjuvant therapy.
Lymphedema What is lymphedema? What causes lymphedema? One of the causes of lymphedema is surgery to remove lymph nodes camera.gif, usually during cancer treatment. Normally, lymph nodes filter fluid as it flows through them, trapping bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances, which are then destroyed by special white blood cells called lymphocytes. Without normal lymph drainage, fluid can build up in the affected arm or leg, and lymphedema can develop. Medicines such as tamoxifen (Nolvadex), radiation therapy, and injury to the lymph nodes can also cause lymphedema. This type is called secondary lymphedema. Primary lymphedema can be present at birth or develop during puberty or adulthood. The cause of primary lymphedema is not known. What are the symptoms? Symptoms of lymphedema include feeling as though your clothes, rings, wristwatches, or bracelets are too tight; a feeling of fullness in your arms or legs; and less flexibility in your wrists, hands, and ankles. How is it treated? Treatment for lymphedema depends on its cause and includes wearing compression garments such as stockings or sleeves, proper diet and skin care, and fluid drainage. Elevating an arm or leg that has swelling can help ease the drainage of lymph fluid from the affected limb. Whenever possible, rest a swollen arm or leg on a comfortable surface, above the level of your heart. Don't put pressure on your armpit or groin area, and don't hold a limb up without support for very long since this can increase swelling. Gentle exercise can help reduce swelling. The use of muscles during exercise naturally helps lymph fluid to circulate, which can reduce swelling. But exercise also increases blood flow to the muscles being used, which can increase the amount of lymph fluid present. If you have swelling, it is important to properly bandage an affected limb before exercising. Ask your doctor how to use a bandage for this purpose and what exercises are appropriate for your condition. After surgery or radiation treatment: If you have had surgery to remove some lymph nodes, use your affected arm or leg as normally as possible. Most people are healed about 4 to 6 weeks after surgery, and able to go back to their normal activities. If you have had lymph nodes removed or have had radiation therapy as part of cancer treatment, you may be able to avoid lymphedema or keep it under control by following the tips below
Triple Negative Breast Cancer Who gets triple negative breast cancer? About 15-20 percent of all breast cancers in the U.S. are TNBC. Anyone can get this type of breast cancer. But, research shows that it occurs more often in: • Younger women • African American women • Women who have BRCA1 mutations
What makes triple negative cancer unique? TNBC is less likely to be found on a mammogram. It is also aggressive. Compared to other breast cancers, it tends to grow faster. It can be treated, but it may recur (come back) early and spread to other parts of the body. Part of the reason is due to the lack of targeted treatments. TNBC has a poorer outcome (at least for the first five years after diagnosis) than estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Still, if breast cancer hasn’t recurred within five years, the chance of survival is higher. This is good news for five-year survivors. Breast cancer is often referred to as a single disease. But, there are many types of breast cancer. It can even be called a family of diseases. All breast cancers start in the breast. So, they are the same in some ways, but differ in others. The type of breast cancer affects prognosis (outcome) and treatment options. All breast cancer cells are tested for certain proteins (receptors). These tests look for estrogen and progesterone hormones and
HER2/neu. If the cells test “positive,” this means there are many receptors. If the cells test “negative,” there are few or none. There are many treatment options for cells that test “positive,” but fewer options for those that don’t. The result of these tests helps guide treatment.
What is triple negative breast cancer? Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are: • Estrogen receptor-negative (ER-); • Progesterone receptor-negative (PR-); and • HER2/neu-negative (HER2-). So, TNBC does not have any of these receptors that are targets for treatment we have today. The above list of resources is only a suggested resource and is not a complete listing of breast cancer materials or information. The information contained herein is not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or to replace the services of a medical professional. Komen does not endorse, recommend or make any warranties or representations regarding the accuracy, completeness, timeliness, quality or noninfringement of any of the materials, products or information provided by the organizations referenced herein.
The Running Ribbon is a registered trademark of Susan G. Komen®.
Related fact sheets in this series: • Clinical Trials • Current Research on Drugs and Treatments • Genetics and Breast Cancer • How Hormones Affect Breast Cancer • Prognostic Factors • Racial and Ethnic Differences • Young Women and Breast Cancer
Treatment options TNBC is treated with a combination of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. Because it tests negative for the three receptors mentioned above, it isn’t treated with hormone or targeted therapy. 1-888-753-5222 www.lbbc.org National Cancer Institute 1-800-4-CANCER www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials
Chemotherapy works well in TNBC. It may work even better for TNBC than for other types of breast cancer. Sometimes chemotherapy is given before surgery. This is called neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This may shrink a tumor enough so that a lumpectomy becomes an option. The response to this treatment may also give information on prognosis. If TNBC responds well, the chance of survival is higher. Research Clinical trials are looking for new targets in TNBC. There are also trials testing new treatments. Research is ongoing. Resources BreastCancerTrials.org 415-476-5777 Living Beyond Breast Cancer Triple Negative Breast Cancer Foundation 1-877-880-TNBC (8622) www.tnbcfoundation.org ©2013 Susan G. Komen® Item No. KOMEED079100 10/13
Detox Dr. Oz's 3-Day Detox Cleanse One-Sheet Does the word detox make you nervous? It shouldn’t! When a detox is done right, it’s just another word to describe a diet rich in whole foods. By removing artificial flavors and chemical substances from your diet, you’re helping prepare your body to live a healthier and more natural life style. Detoxes like this one can help you lose weight, treat acne and other skin conditions and even more. Take the Ozapproved 3-Day Detox Cleanse today and get started down the path to a healthier you. Feeling sluggish or out of sync? Struggling with skin problems, aches and pains, or digestive problems? Can't seem to lose weight? It might be time for a body detox. Practiced for centuries by cultures around the world — including ayurvedic and Chinese medicine systems — detoxification is about resting, cleaning and nourishing the body from the inside out. By removing and eliminating toxins, then feeding your body with healthy nutrients, detoxifying can help protect you from disease and renew your ability to maintain optimum health
20 Year Cancer Survivor: Pamela Henderson, her Story and her designs: Born and raised in Brooklyn King’s County on January 26, 1960, At the age of 34, I was working, raising my children two boys. I was diagnosed with breast cancer. I had no energy at all. So I went to the doctor, he said he would take some test because of my complains. I then notice that under my arm the auxiliary there was a little lump that I felt. I didn’t think too much about it, and so I told my doctor about it. He said you’re too young to get breast cancer. So when home and few days later the lump began to give me pain and the area became red. I went back to the doctor’s office, I was given a mammogram and some other test. All my test results they found nothing. My physician said I had Bursitis and gave me shots for it for 6 months. I took these shots and the pain did not subside and I continue to have pain. My mother said you need a second opinion. I went for a second opinion and that’s when I was diagnosed with Breast Cancer. I was in shock when I got a call that my biopsy came back positive. It was malignant. I was 34 years old and asked how could this be happen to me. I have 2 sons that need me. I fell to the floor and screamed loud as I could, I was in shock and out of control. I was with my son and my son said to me mom it’s going to be okay. My dad came and consoles me and told me I was going to make it thought this.
DMochelle: Stated Pam I know this had to be very hard to swallow and to take in. I know that when I was diagnose as well I walked out of the hospital in totally shock. I start talking to God and ask him why me lord ? I hear his voice said you have to be touch by this to understand what it feels like to go thought it. I was designing dresses for breast cancer women that had gone thru a double mastectomy. So that was a bomb drop in my chest and it was heavy to bear and understand what just happen. Thank God for family. I called my two sisters who are twins and as I was walking home they were so helpful to clam my fears. Family and friends are the most important people to call on when you receive bad news like this. And I believe that everyone takes bad news different than others. Pam: And to have a been tested once and then had to go be tested again is unexcitable. Also to say your too young to have breast cancer. Well now its not 40 or 50, its 20 and plus. Everyone should be tested and test yourself for lumps. And if you had family members that tested positive for breast cancer get tested early, it could save your life. Pam: My Doctor told me I was at stage 2. I had to have eleven limp nodes removed. My treatment was radiation and chemotherapy. As I went through my treatments I had hair loss all over my body and face. I had some wigs to fit my face, and for makeup I penciled in my eyebrows. I began to crochet hats to wear on my head because I had no hair. The hats were very stylist to wear and people loved my look but I still felt ugly and not pretty.
From 1994 to 2014, it’s now different because there are so many ways of looking good now. The program Look good feel better, support groups. I embrace what I look like. I began to crochet dresses, hats, gloves, scarf and ponchos and much more. Chemo was the worst part of my journey. I had it for two weeks, I was in bed all the time. My mother may she RIP has gone home from cancer this year and I miss her so much. She would make me oatmeal smoothie. Which was the only thing that gave me strength to get out of my bed. She would take oatmeal and honey and carnation milk and blend it. And with being nauseous, those smoothie help keep it down. I weigh 140lbs and went down to 120lbs. I recover well with stage 2 cancer I no longer had the cancer in my body. DMochelle: I so sorry that you lost your mother and thank you for do this interview with me and inform many people that are going thought their Journey and battling of breast cancer. You are a walking testimony. Pam with your strong believe in God and prayer and encouraging others and counseling women that were in your stage. You was so sick and you still got up and help others going thru to be strong. Pam: Yes five years later, I had pain under the breast rib cage area. I did a mammogram with an Ultrasound and the biopsy and I was again diagnosed with cancer once again. DMochelle: What was the pain like?
Pam: Pinching constantly with pain as a needle. So now I had to have a mastectomy and a tram flap tissue remove from my belly and cover the nipple area. In 2009, it came back in the left breast, it was very aggressive so I had to have a mastectomy. Now I have triple Negative Breast Cancer which I have my bad days and good day. There is no cure but with the grace of God gives my strength every day I wake up with new mercy that god gives me and happy to be alive and well. I will continue to support other breast cancer women. I speak at many conferences to encourage women to have faith and there is hope.
Male Breast Cancer Story by Ambrose Kirkland
breast. The best thing that worked for me is when I wore a medium to large tee-shirt, this of course is after I had sewn up the sides to compress the breast area. This tactic seems to work for me for seven or eight years. As a matter of fact, I kept up the deception until October 2001. Keeping my breast under wrap was not an easy job as you can see. Before the biopsy I did not or would not say anything to anyone because I just thought it was a twinge of pain here and there. When I did discover the lump, it was April 2001. Ignoring it , until the late August 2001, when I started noticing little spots of blood on my tight white tees. Now I am thinking, what in the hell is going on now? A lot of things went through my mind, but a discharge from my nipple? This was the furthest thing from my mind. The spots started getting larger and larger and when woke up I would see more and more blood.
On November 01, 2001 I was diagnosed with breast cancer. This condition may not raise eyebrows unless it happened to you and you happened to be a woman. In my case, breast cancer raised more than a few eyebrows since I am a man. Believe, me I was shocked and surprised. Nevertheless, I went through a mental experience that few men ever stop and think about, even in their wildest dreams. I guess you could say I found this lump many years ago. I just didn’t pay too much attention to it. I knew I had problems with my breast size, but always thought that it was due to the fact that I was heavy. Guys who are fat usually have a lot of fatty tissue, so that’s what I thought it was. I’m sure people noticed that I had larger breasts then most men, but I didn’t know that it would turn out to be cancer. I was on a mission to suppress them. I would wear small tee-shirts, sometimes wearing them two sizes too small. I would even go so far as getting an ace bandage and wrap it around my
The months of September and October were spent going back and forth to the doctors and taking what seemed like an endless battery of tests. I don’t see how women can get a mammogram every year., but I actually had to get a mammogram. Next I was seen by Dr. Sieloff who
said it was probably a cyst. They found some calcifications from the mammogram and the doctors just wanted to make sure that was all it
was. So I had a biopsy done on that Monday October, 30, 2001. Since I had my biopsy, I still wore my tee-shirts sewn up the sides, not to hide my breast but to support them. Waited all week for the results. On Friday, Dr. Sieloff called at 4:45pm and told us that it was malignant. I had breast cancer. And so it begins…. My mama and I were on separate phones when the doctor called. When Dr. Sieloff said the word “malignant” Mama and I locked eyes at that instant. Not only did I see the pain in her eyes, but I saw my life from my birth up to that moment. It was a look that I will probably never see again, a mother's love for her child. I saw something that I have never seen before in my life, in just a split second. I will always remember this look as long as I live. We were told I had to have a radical double mastectomy. I was interviewed by Julie M of the local television station. I needed to tell my family and close friends. I called Rick K, he told me not to worry about anything. I went and had my surgery on December 13, 2001. Even though both breasts have been completely removed, I still actually feel something going on inside of me. I had a somewhat semi conversation with my sister Angie. I can’t consider it a brainbuster; to me it was just so-so. We talked about God and that maybe he gave me this cancer because I was stronger. If a woman in the family had developed cancer, like maybe Mama or Reba, I was probably a bit stronger than they were; but then I don’t think so. I try to help people to understand that I hate having view on the reason why I have this terrible disease. I felt that when God needed me to find him or understand him, I wouldn’t. So now that I need to
feel and understand him he’s not available to me. I’ve believed all my life, since my childhood that he existed. There have been some times when I it. I wish I didn’t have it. So that’s how the conversation went. Mostly, she tried to make me understand God’s point of probably doubted him. I’ll admit that. But even though I did doubt him, in the back of that doubt, in the back of that cloud, I knew that he really did exist. But it’s like right now, I know he’s there, but I feel as though he really doesn’t have time for me because there are poorer people in the world. Funny thing was when I first found out that I had cancer; it was right during the time of the World Trade Center 9 /11 crises, when the attack on America happened. I told Mama that the reason God didn’t listen to my prayers was that he’s too busy with the people up in New York. He’s too busy with their lives, so maybe that’s why he’s really not listening to my prayers. With everything that’s going on up there, maybe he doesn’t have the time to listen to what I have to say. From June 2002 through July 2002 I endured ten and a half weeks of radiation at The Northeast Cancer Center of Florida. I was told I couldn’t have chemotherapy because of the estrogen in it would make me even sicker. The cancer has come back only once, but I’m in remission now. I continue to fight every day for all persons with breast cancer, especially men. Sadly on October 19 2013 my biggest supporter, my mama Lora Kirkland passed, but I continue to fight on with her spirit beside me.
Do You Have a Pencil? You Might Want to Write this Down. By: Diana Snow Do you have a pencil? You might want to write this down. These are the words I heard on July 21, 2014. I knew immediately that the news I had been waiting for was not what I wanted to hear. I had Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. My navigator nurse told me many other things on the phone that afternoon. I wrote down her words but didn’t understand many of them. I was to shell shocked to ask questions. I did look at my notes later and found there was good news within the bad. The tumor was slow growing. A few days later I found out my Her2 status was negative and my hormone receptors were positive, all good news in the quagmire of this difficult circumstance. The following days were like a blur. I felt like I was living someone else’s life, it was all so surreal. The doctors’ appointments, the testing, the waiting were all so overwhelming at times. Especially the waiting, I am not good at waiting. I like to know what is around the corner and with this, I could not see around the corner of this journey. This was the hardest part for me, the unknown. My anxiety level was through the roof. The MRI! I had a breast MRI on July 23, 2014. I was so nervous and breathing so hard that they had to start over because the pictures were not going to be clear. I had to mentally take myself to another pace to get through that test. I was nervous and had reason to feel that way. I knew the ultrasound had shown three other tumors in my left breast along with the one that was biopsied. Sure enough, my ugly tumor wanted friends. All 4 tumors were cancerous. I was now considered multi-focal. We did have a good laugh over the fact that they were lined up from the biggest to the smallest, which is so typical of my OCD personality. It was now a given that I would have a mastectomy of my left breast. I contemplated taking off the right breast and decided not to. I question this decision
many times, but in the end was confident that I did not want to remove my right breast. Surgery was scheduled for August 25, 2014. The thought of losing a breast was devastating. I cried for 2 hours the Sunday before surgery. This was part of my womanhood. This was part of my body that would never be the same even if we were starting reconstruction right away. I was also very concerned that the cancer would be in my lymph nodes. I wanted this to be an easy fix. I did not want chemotherapy the thought of that scared me to death. I was nervous the morning of the surgery. All I could do when they were wheeling me in was whisper the words, “Trust in Jesus”. When I woke up from surgery I knew they must have found cancer in a lymph node, the clock on the wall told me that it was much later than it should have been. Sure enough, cancer was found in one lymph node during the sentinel biopsy, so more nodes were taken. More waiting for results, this would take a couple of days. The surgery itself was not difficult and with the exception of the first few days I had very little pain and I recovered quickly. The drain tubes were what I disliked the most. One stayed in for three weeks and I was thrilled when it was gone. That extra appendage hanging from my side was annoying. I considered it a small victory to have it removed. From that day on that is how I started looking at things, small victories. It is how I could move down this road and deal with things. I now had the mindset of one day, one appointment, one test, one result, and one treatment at time. This was a major turning point for me. I had finally let go of needing to see around the corner. It felt good to move on with life this way. I was learning and I was joyful about this change in attitude. The initial lymph node had cancer, but they only found micrometasis in one other node. Now I had to have a PET scan to see if everything else was in the
clear. The results were great with the exception of lymph node lighting up in my neck. I did have a little relapse of anxiety during this time. They thought this was probably just reactionary and were not super concerned. I was then scheduled for an ultrasound of my neck. Of course, not only did it show one but two lymph nodes that were enlarged; GREAT, more oddities about my cancer. What to do next? This was the big decision. The tumor board at the hospital reviewed my case. It was decided they could not biopsy the nodes. They were not large enough and they did not show signs of being cancerous due to shape and blood flow. I was relieved beyond belief to hear this news. I just have to trust that there is no cancer in those nodes. I think the decision was God’s way of saying the nodes were fine. I gave this up to Him and trusted that he helped the doctors with this decision. My first medical oncology visit was not a pleasant experience. Although, the doctor was very capable, I did not care for the way he presented my treatment plan. We were still waiting on the results of the Oncotype test, which would show my chance of reoccurrence and if chemotherapy was going to be the best choice. He was convinced that it would not come back low. He offered me one option, 4 Adriamycin/Cytoxan treatments and 12 rounds of Taxol. I thought this was too aggressive and immediately asked for a second opinion. Never be afraid to ask for a second opinion, it will set your heart at ease. I saw the new oncologist the following week and we had the Oncotype score, it was 10. I was praising Jesus for such a low score. The new oncologist still presented me with a chemotherapy plan. He actually offered me 3 options; it was nice to have options. He said I was in charge and it was my choice. He showed me data on the treatment plans. Saying goodbye to my hair was difficult. It was falling out in pretty good chunks on the thirteenth day after chemo. It was time for me and my hair to part ways. I have the kindest hair stylist in the world. I would not have wanted anyone else to shave my head for me. Surprisingly, I did not cry when I saw my head with just fuzz. I told myself it was part of the process and that it would come back. I purchased some great wigs and hats and will be having fun with different looks while my hair is on hiatus.
This was my kind of doctor, evidence, choices, and caring. I switched oncologist on that day. I chose to do 4 to 6 treatments of Cytoxan and Taxotere. I prefer only 4,but we will see how my body tolerates the treatments and how I do with side effects. I had my first treatment of October 8, 2014. My precious mom went with me. Having my mom hold my hand makes all the bad things disappear. I am lucky she lives close and can be with me. The first treatment went well. I had very few side effects. I had absolutely no nausea the first round. My biggest complaint was fatigue and bone pain from the Neulasta shot. Well, at least until ten days after the treatment when my face broke out. I looked like a teenager of a proactive commercial. My cheeks were red, blotchy and bumpy. I have had very mild rosacea for years but this was the worst flare I had ever had. I think this upset me more than the fact that my hair was starting to fall out. I can cover my head with hats and wigs, my face is another story. Even with makeup it looked bad or at least it looked awful to me. I did not want to be bald and have bad skin. Sometimes I just stop and laugh at the absurdity of all the complication that chemo can cause. I pray someday there is a treatment that is better than this. God has given me the best support system in the world. I have numerous people who pray for me daily. I consider myself incredibly lucky in many ways. I have a good job with over 100 sick days built up. I have great insurance and an extra caner policy. My husband and family are there for me every day through this journey. I thank God for these blessings. The school where I work all wore pink on my first day of chemotherapy. It was the only time I cried during my first day of treatment. I was overwhelmed by this show of support. My journey is far from over. I have 3 to 5 more chemo treatments which will be followed by 35 radiations treatments. If all goes well I will be finished by the end of March. I will continue to drive down this road knowing that I will reach my final destination and be healthy and whole once again. I may have tough days ahead but I am stronger than cancer. I will triumph over this disease and hopefully help others along the way. My attitude and trust in God is what I can control during this journey and I plan on my final destination to be happiness and peace on this trip.
Pamela Henderson, Rah Digga and DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell at Ocktoberfest 2014
Pamela Henderson, Victor Seltzer and DMochelle
Anthony Jones, Original Spindarella, and DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell
Keri D. Singleton and DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell John Blassingame and DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell
Dara Lemite and DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell Pamela Henderson, Rah Digga and DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell at Ocktoberfest 2014
Anthony Jones, DMochelle, Bronz Blazed, Ricky Barrino and Tashera Simmons at Ocktoberfest 2014
DMochelle, Bronz Blazed, Akaq Morice and Tashera Simmons
Original Spindarella, DMochelle and Princess Adex
Stephanie Hammond-Tillett and DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell Event organizer Stephanie Hammond-Tillett (middle) also walked on Team DMochelle Fashions during the Making Strides Against Breast Cancer Walk-Central Park on Sunday October 19, 2014.
DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell of DMochelle Fashions
z
Models: Leann Rivera
Models: Nitza Elyse
Model: Princess Adex
Model: Stacey Greene
Model: Bryanna Daniels
Model: Pamela Henderson
Model: Prima Donna
Model: Princess Adex
Understanding Breast Cancer Structure and Function of the Breasts The structure of the breast
Breasts are made up of fat and breast tissue, along with nerves, veins, arteries and connective tissue that helps hold everything in place. Figure 1.1 shows the different parts of the breast. The main chest muscle (the pectoralis muscle) is found between the breast and the ribs in the chest wall. Image source: National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov)
Stages of Breast Cancer Stage is usually expressed as a number on a scale of 0 through IV — with stage 0 describing non-invasive cancers that remain within their original location and stage IV describing invasive cancers that have spread outside the breast to other parts of the body.
Stage 0 Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV TNM staging system
Understanding Breast Cancer Stages Your pathology report will include information about the stage of the breast cancer — that is, whether it is limited to one area in the breast, or it has spread to healthy tissues inside the breast or to other parts of the body. Your doctor will begin to determine this during surgery to remove the cancer and look at one or more of the underarm lymph nodes, which is where breast cancer tends to travel first. He or she also may order additional blood tests or imaging tests if there is reason to believe the cancer might have spread beyond the breast. Cancer stage is based on four characteristics:
the size of the cancer whether the cancer is invasive or non-invasive whether cancer is in the lymph nodes whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body beyond the breast
You also may see or hear certain words used to describe the stage of the breast cancer: Local: The cancer is confined within the breast. Regional: The lymph nodes, primarily those in the armpit, are involved. Distant: The cancer is found in other parts of the body as well. Sometimes doctors use the term “locally advanced” or “regionally advanced” to refer to large tumors that involve the breast skin, underlying chest structures, changes to the breast's
shape, and lymph node enlargement that is visible or that your doctor can feel during an exam. The stage of the breast cancer can help you and your doctor understand your prognosis (the most likely outcome of the disease) and make decisions about treatment, along with all of the other results in your pathology report. Cancer stage also gives everyone a common way to describe the breast cancer, so that the results of your treatment can be compared and understood relative to that of other people. Your doctor may use another staging system known as TNM to describe the cancer. This system is based on the size of the tumor (T), lymph node involvement (N), and whether the cancer has spread, or metastasized, to other parts of the body (M). TNM is discussed later in this section. Stage 0 Stage 0 is used to describe non-invasive breast cancers, such as DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ). In stage 0, there is no evidence of cancer cells or non-cancerous abnormal cells breaking out of the part of the breast in which they started, or getting through to or invading neighboring normal tissue. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage 0 in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage 0 page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage I Stage I describes invasive breast cancer (cancer cells are breaking through to or invading normal surrounding breast tissue) Stage I is divided into subcategories known as IA and IB. Stage IA describes invasive breast cancer in which: the tumor measures up to 2 centimeters AND the cancer has not spread outside the breast; no lymph nodes are involved Stage IB describes invasive breast cancer in which: there is no tumor in the breast; instead, small groups of cancer cells – larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters – are found in the lymph nodes OR
there is a tumor in the breast that is no larger than 2 centimeters, and there are small groups of cancer cells – larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters – in the lymph nodes Microscopic invasion is possible in stage I breast cancer. In microscopic invasion, the cancer cells have just started to invade the tissue outside the lining of the duct or lobule, but the invading cancer cells can't measure more than 1 millimeter. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IA and IB in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IA and IB page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage II Stage II is divided into subcategories known as IIA and IIB. Stage IIA describes invasive breast cancer in which: no tumor can be found in the breast, but cancer (larger than 2 millimeters) is found in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes (the lymph nodes under the arm) or in the lymph nodes near the breast bone (found during a sentinel node biopsy) OR the tumor measures 2 centimeters or smaller and has spread to the axillary lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but not larger than 5 centimeters and has not spread to the axillary lymph nodes Stage IIB describes invasive breast cancer in which: the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but no larger than 5 centimeters; small groups of breast cancer cells -- larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters -are found in the lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but no larger than 5 centimeters; cancer has spread to 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes or to lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during a sentinel node biopsy) OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters but has not spread to the axillary lymph nodes Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIA and IIB in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIA and IIB page in Planning Your Treatment.
Stage III Stage III is divided into subcategories known as IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC. Stage IIIA describes invasive breast cancer in which either: no tumor is found in the breast or the tumor may be any size; cancer is found in 4 to 9 axillary lymph nodes or in the lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during imaging tests or a physical exam) OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters; small groups of breast cancer cells (larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters) are found in the lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters; cancer has spread to 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes or to the lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during a sentinel lymph node biopsy) Stage IIIB describes invasive breast cancer in which: the tumor may be any size and has spread to the chest wall and/or skin of the breast and caused swelling or an ulcer AND may have spread to up to 9 axillary lymph nodes OR may have spread to lymph nodes near the breastbone Inflammatory breast cancer is considered at least stage IIIB. Typical features of inflammatory breast cancer include: reddening of a large portion of the breast skin the breast feels warm and may be swollen cancer cells have spread to the lymph nodes and may be found in the skin Stage IIIC describes invasive breast cancer in which: there may be no sign of cancer in the breast or, if there is a tumor, it may be any size and may have spread to the chest wall and/or the skin of the breast AND the cancer has spread to 10 or more axillary lymph nodes OR the cancer has spread to lymph nodes above or below the collarbone OR the cancer has spread to axillary lymph nodes or to lymph nodes near the breastbone
Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIIA and operable IIIC in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIIA and Operable IIIC page in Planning Your Treatment. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIIB and inoperable IIIC in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIIB and Inoperable IIIC page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage IV Stage IV describes invasive breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other organs of the body, such as the lungs, distant lymph nodes, skin, bones, liver, or brain. You may hear the words “advanced” and “metastatic” used to describe stage IV breast cancer. Cancer may be stage IV at first diagnosis or it can be a recurrence of a previous breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IV in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IV section in Planning Your Treatment. TNM Staging System TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) is another staging system researchers use to provide more details about how the cancer looks and behaves. Your doctor might mention the TNM classification for your case, but he or she is much more likely to use the numerical staging system. Sometimes clinical trials require TNM information from participants, so talk to your doctor if you are considering participation in a clinical trial. The TNM system is based on three characteristics: size (T stands for tumor) lymph node involvement (N stands for node) whether the cancer has metastasized (M stands for metastasis), or moved beyond the breast to other parts of the body. The T (size) category describes the original (primary) tumor: TX means the tumor can't be measured or found. T0 means there isn't any evidence of the primary tumor.
Tis means the cancer is "in situ" (the tumor has not started growing into healthy breast tissue). T1, T2, T3, T4: These numbers are based on the size of the tumor and the extent to which it has grown into neighboring breast tissue. The higher the T number, the larger the tumor and/or the more it may have grown into the breast tissue. The N (lymph node involvement) category describes whether or not the cancer has reached nearby lymph nodes: NX means the nearby lymph nodes can't be measured or found. N0 means nearby lymph nodes do not contain cancer. N1, N2, N3: These numbers are based on the number of lymph nodes involved and how much cancer is found in them. The higher the N number, the greater the extent of the lymph node involvement. The M (metastasis) category tells whether or not there is evidence that the cancer has traveled to other parts of the body: MX means metastasis can't be measured or found. M0 means there is no distant metastasis. M1 means that distant metastasis is present. Once the pathologist knows your T, N, and M characteristics, he or she can use them to assign a stage to the cancer. For example, a T1 N0 M0 breast cancer would mean that the primary breast tumor is less than 2 centimeters across (T1), has not involved the lymph nodes (N0), and has not spread to distant parts of the body (M0). This cancer would be grouped as stage I. For more detailed information on the TNM staging system and how it relates to the numerical stage, visit the American Cancer Society’s section on breast cancer staging.
I was Diagnosed With Cancer: What is My Next Step... Colon Cancer - Diagnosed With... If You or a Loved One Has Colon Cancer, You Can Significantly Increase the Likelihood of Eliminating It by Using the 11 Effective Treatment Strategies Covered in this Comprehensive Report As you well know, diagnosis of cancer, or even a suspicion of cancer causes a great deal of fear.. You reflect on friends or family who died of cancer. Of celebrities who died from cancer. How every TV show or movie featuring someone with cancer has that person dying at the end. It doesn't have to be this way. Doctors do their best, but it may not be enough. When doctors have not seen success with their treatments in this situation, they know what they have to offer is not going to work. This does not mean that you can’t survive Colon Cancer. You have to either supplement what your doctors have for you, or go a different route entirely if they have nothing to offer. There are natural and effective products available that are proving to be powerful cancer healers. Not the everyday, run of the mill supplements which sometimes work, but the majority of the time fail. The overwhelming feedback from our research is that when the right actions and supplements are taken, even aggressive, tough cancers, such as Colon cancer, can be defeated. The key is to find the most effective actions to take, out of the overwhelming maze of cancer fighting treatments you can find on the internet or hear from friends. Unfortunately, most of them are not as good as they may seem, or as you'd hope they would be. That's why so many folks die from cancer even though they also use natural remedies. Using alternative remedies in addition to doing what your doctors wants you to do will almost always increase your likelihood of healing successfully. The key is to take the most effective actions so that you have the greatest chance of success. That's what we teach you in this report. You will learn about the many different issues that can cause cancer, and more importantly, what supplements or treatments are likely to help you the most. We filter out for you the very good treatments from the many good or not so good ones. This information has been compiled for over ten years. It is continually being updated as we find better supplements or learn about new cancer fighting treatments or supplements.
There is hope. The overwhelming feedback from our research is that when the right actions are taken, even aggressive, tough cancers can be defeated. 20 This report will tell you about the most effective cancer fighting supplements we have found in our research. Supplements that work on their own, or in conjunction with chemotherapy or radiation therapy, to defeat cancer. And because we believe everyone should have access to this information, we’re offering it at no charge. We’ve condensed the overwhelming amount of information on the causes of cancer and natural cancer treatments into this very long report. It's the length of a book. Some treatments are better than others. We test a large number of cancer fighting supplements and rate them for you. This will prevent the mistake of using supplements that sound good but aren't good enough -- in all too many cases, to beat a tough cancer. So you won't waste money, or your life, on supplements that are marginally effective. Many readers have told us this report is the best information they have found on cancer. It is written in an easy-to-read style a lay-person can understand. Much of this is information your doctor can't tell you, or doesn't know. For example, you'll learn about a 14-month informal study of one type of supplement where 51 out of 65 patients with stage 4 cancer became cancer-free when they added it on to their regime. You'll learn what the underlying causes of cancer really are (each section covers a different cause). You'll learn what to do to counteract those causes. You'll learn what the most effective supplements are that you can take to defeat cancer. Finally, you'll learn what to do to keep the cancer from coming back. This information applies to all types of cancer—because the fundamental causes of cancers are the same. It is not that all cancers have the same cause. They don't. But your cancer is caused by at least a few of the 11 causes we cover in this report.
Lung Cancer - Signs and Symptoms Most lung cancers do not cause any symptoms until they have spread too far to be cured, but symptoms do occur in some people with early lung cancer. If you go to your doctor when you first notice symptoms, your cancer might be diagnosed at an earlier stage, when treatment is more likely to be effective. The most common symptoms of lung cancer are: A cough that does not go away or gets worse Chest pain that is often worse with deep breathing, coughing, or laughing Hoarseness Weight loss and loss of appetite Coughing up blood or rust-colored sputum (spit or phlegm) Shortness of breath Feeling tired or weak Infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia that don’t go away or keep coming back New onset of wheezing If lung cancer spreads to distant organs, it may cause: Bone pain (like pain in the back or hips) Nervous system changes (such as headache, weakness or numbness of an arm or leg, dizziness, balance problems, or seizures), from cancer spread to the brain or spinal cord Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), from cancer spread to the liver Lumps near the surface of the body, due to cancer spreading to the skin or to lymph nodes (collections of immune system cells), such as those in the neck or above the collarbone
Most of the symptoms listed above are more likely to be caused by conditions other than lung cancer. Still, if you have any of these problems, it’s important to see your doctor right away so the cause can be found and treated, if needed. Some lung cancers can cause a group of very specific symptoms. These are often described as syndromes.
Horner syndrome Cancers of the top part of the lungs (sometimes called Pancoast tumors) may damage a nerve that passes from the upper chest into your neck. This can cause severe shoulder pain. Sometimes these tumors can affect certain nerves to the eye and part of the face, causing a group of symptoms called Horner syndrome: Drooping or weakness of one eyelid Having a smaller pupil (dark part in the center of the eye) in the same eye Reduced or absent sweating on the same side of the face Conditions other than lung cancer can also cause Horner syndrome. Superior vena cava syndrome The superior vena cava (SVC) is a large vein that carries blood from the head and arms back to the heart. It passes next to the upper part of the right lung and the lymph nodes inside the chest. Tumors in this area may push on the SVC, which can cause the blood to back up in the veins. This can cause swelling in the face, neck, arms, and upper chest (sometimes with a bluish-red skin color). It can also cause headaches, dizziness, and a change in consciousness if it affects the brain. While SVC syndrome can develop gradually over time, in some cases it can become life-threatening, and needs to be treated right away. Paraneoplastic syndromes Some lung cancers can make hormone-like substances that enter the bloodstream and cause problems with distant tissues and organs, even though the cancer has not spread to those tissues or organs. These problems are called paraneoplastic syndromes. Sometimes these syndromes may be the first symptoms of lung cancer. Because the symptoms affect organs besides the lungs, patients and their doctors may suspect at first that a disease other than lung cancer is causing them.
Some of the more common paraneoplastic syndromes associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are: SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone): In this condition, the cancer cells make a hormone (ADH) that causes the kidneys to retain water. This causes salt levels in the blood to become very low. Symptoms of SIADH can include fatigue, loss of appetite, muscle weakness or cramps, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, and confusion. Without treatment, severe cases may lead to seizures and coma. Cushing syndrome: In some cases, lung cancer cells may make ACTH, a hormone that causes the adrenal glands to secrete cortisol. This can lead to symptoms such as weight gain, easy bruising, weakness, drowsiness, and fluid retention. Cushing syndrome can also cause high blood pressure and high blood sugar levels (or even diabetes). Neurologic problems: Small cell lung cancer can sometimes cause the body’s immune system to attack parts of the nervous system, which can lead to problems. One example is a muscle disorder called the Lambert-Eaton syndrome. In this syndrome, muscles around the hips become weak. One of the first signs may be trouble getting up from a sitting position. Later, muscles around the shoulder may become weak. A rarer problem is paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, which can cause loss of balance and unsteadiness in arm and leg movement, as well as trouble speaking or swallowing. SCLC can also cause other nervous system problems, such as muscle weakness, sensation changes, vision problems, or even changes in behavior. Some of the more common paraneoplastic syndromes that can be caused by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include: High blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia), which can cause frequent urination, thirst, constipation, nausea, vomiting, belly pain, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, and other nervous system problems Excess growth of certain bones, especially those in the finger tips, which is often painful Blood clots Excess breast growth in men (gynecomastia)
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men (after skin cancer), but it can often be treated successfully. More than 2 million men in the US count themselves as prostate cancer survivors. Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in a man's prostate — a small walnut-shaped gland that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. Prostate cancer usually grows slowly and initially remains confined to the prostate gland, where it may not cause serious harm. While some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly. Prostate cancer that is detected early — when it's still confined to the prostate gland — has a better chance of successful treatment.
Causes By Mayo Clinic Staff Multimedia
Prostate gland It's not clear what causes prostate cancer. Doctors know that prostate cancer begins when some cells in your prostate become abnormal. Mutations in the abnormal cells' DNA cause the cells to grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells do. The abnormal cells continue living, when other cells would die. The accumulating abnormal cells form a tumor that can grow to invade nearby tissue. Some abnormal cells can break off and spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.
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