My name is Donna Michelle Kittrell and owner of DMochelle Fashions, my passion is to help heal the wounds of hurting people inward as well as their outward appearance. My background in Retail with ten years of Management experience working for Victoria Secret and Nordstrom as a Bra Specialist Fitter. This amazing experience with taking time with clients who had Mastectomy surgery has given me the understanding of their needs. It is a delightful feeling when they would walk out of my presence feeling great with smiles after the tears and embarrassed. I also worked for New York Presbyterian Hospital in the Breast Clinic. I wanted to bring sunshine to their faces. There has been very close family and friends who have passed away from Breast Cancer. In the beginning of 2012, I started writing my vision on DMochelle Fashions (one's physical attractiveness, especially with regard to the use of cosmetics and other methods of enhancing their lives). By the end of that year, I was diagnosed with Breast Cancer as Stage 0 Cancer (thank God I had a mammogram early) and had surgery (two lymph nodes were removed and tissue removed from the left breast) at the beginning of the year of 2013 along with radiation treatments. I am now "Cancer Free." DMochelle Fashion Means: A beautiful women, her reputation as great beauty and the combination of qualities that make something pleasing and impressive to look at, listen to and great smiles. Her personal and physical attractiveness, especially with regard to the use of cosmetics and other methods of enhancing her goodness. Product and Services: DMochelle Fashions will carry a beautiful Mastectomy line of dresses never seen on the market. Transforming dresses and blouses from a high trend of regular clothing line to a custom made line of styles for Mastectomy Women’s Wear. This dress will be designed with a cup shape line built into the dress fabric lay right on the skin when she moves, the dress move with her not ever going out of place. Lace fabrics many sorts of beautiful colors that will stretch with a special lining. Custom made to her body frame. And a choice of accessories, hats, beautiful bags, fashionable jewelry, leather gloves, fashionable belts and stockings. Small makeup kits to enchant to beauty of skin. We will sort out every fabric texture that will bring the best quality and beauty that will dazzle the eyes of people. I have great expectations on my company business. My vision is to see a world of healing through the Fashions of DMochelle Fashions line of Mastectomy clothing wear. The benefit in these Mastectomy clients will never feel left out of wearing the trendy clothing line. My goal is to bring in a line of Fashion for Men who have been affected with Breast Cancer. I have a vision to take on this Line of Mastectomy Clothing to the top.
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Making Strides of Central Park, NY Sunday, October 19, 2014 7:30 am Add to calendar Central Park 72nd Street Bandshell East 72nd Street and 5th Avenue, Manhattan Map it
Making Strides of Brooklyn, NY Sunday, October 19, 2014 8 am Add to calendar Prospect Park - The Nethermead Flatbush Avenue and Empire Blvd, Brooklyn
Making Strides of Queens, NY Sunday, October 19, 2014 8 am Add to calendar Flushing Meadows Corona Park College Point Blvd & 58th St, Flushing
Making Strides of Staten Island, NY Sunday, October 19, 2014 9 am Add to calendar Clove Lakes Park 1150 Clove Rd, Staten Island
Making Strides of The Bronx, NY Sunday, October 19, 2014 8 am Add to calendar Orchard Beach 1 Orchard Beach Rd, Bronx
DMochelle Fashions Clothing Line was Launched On May 31, 2014 At the DMochelle Fashion Show Held in Brooklyn, NY At The YWCA.
Fashion By DMochelle Fashions Custom Made Dresses Available Sizes from 0 to 16 Call for Information Donna Michelle (347) 553-5018 These are just not regular dresses. These beautiful glamorous contour dresses are made for the women that has had mastectomy. I have structure the dress to fit that woman with the prosthesis and everything is built inside of the dress, softly made for the skin, beautiful embroidered material detailed custom made to fit her body.
Designer DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell and Chief In Editor Sofia Davis of Fashion Avenue News Magazine.
With The following Designers: Designer: DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell of DMochelle Fashions Designer: Luckner Dompierre Highly Humble Designer: Munstruck Comp Designer: Paul Mantia of Northern Lights Tie Dye Company Designer: Glenn Bailey Designer: Taylored Faith Designers: Jelana Moore and Jelissa Kelly of Unforgettable Divas Designer: Romel Brewster of HE2 Jewelry by: House of Roderick - Roderick A. Gunsell Photos by Memorie 4 Life Photography - Brother-Michael Katlow Cox
Designer Donna Michelle Received Flowers and Congratulation from Pastor Donnie McClurkin of Perfecting Faith Church.
Designs by DMochelle Fashions Model: Stacey Greene Marcelle St Bernard (Seamstress) Photo Credit: Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designer: DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell Model: Pam Henderson Marcelle St Bernard (Seamstress) Photo Credit: Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designer: DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell
Model: Icylynn Rivera Janet Watts (Seamstress) Photo Credit: Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designs by DMochelle Fashions Model Nitza Elyse Photo by Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designer: DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell Model: Nitza Elyse Marcelle St Bernard (Seamstress) Photo Credit: Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designer: DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell Model: Nitza Elyse Marcelle St Bernard (Seamstress) Photo Credit : Memorie 4 Life Photography
Designer: DMochelle-Fashion Kittrell Model: Nitza Elyse
Janet Watts (Seamstress) Photo Credit : Memorie 4 Life Photography
Marcelle St Bernard (Seamstress)
Janet Watts (Seamstress)
Designs by DMochelle Fashions Photo by Memorie 4 Life Photography
DMochelle Fashions Models
Designs by DMochelle Fashions Photo by Memorie 4 Life Photography
IUDs May Raise Breast Cancer Risk for Some Women
A new study out of Finland indicates that IUD's may cause increased risk of breast cancer in some women. A new study out of the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology indicates that a certain type of birth control may be associated with a heightened breast cancer risk in some women. Specifically, the study identifies the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), a popular form or birth control, as a possible instigator of heightened risk because of the device's progesterone-releasing quality. Progesterone is a hormone that naturally occurs in the female body to regulate ovulation by causing changes in the mucus around the cervix and the composition of the cervical lining. Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progesterone used in IUD contraceptives, but it's also used to treat women who suffer from heavy periods. Because it thickens the mucus in the cervix, it slows down bleeding. According to CNN Health, researchers at the Hyviinka Hospital in Finland followed over 93,000 Finnish women between the ages of 30 and 49 to measure the correlation between the IUD and diagnoses of various types of cancers. All the women were using the IUD to treat heavy periods between 1994 and 2007. Though researchers saw no significant spike in uterine, ovarian, pancreatic or lung cancers, they did notice an increased risk for breast cancer. While the study implicates the IUD as correlated with breast cancer rates, lead author Tuili Soini says further research is needed to determine whether it is the IUD or other shared factors in the demographic leading to the risk. "One limitation of our study is that women suffering from heavy menstruation may in fact represent a selected group of women who may have other risk factors for cancer, such as factors related to lifestyle, genetic factors, just to name a few," Soini told the source.
Read more at http://blog.thebreastcancersite.com/iuds-may-raise-breast-cancer-risk-for-somewomen/#FfOJ6hHMqyOPYjXS.99
Understanding Breast Cancer Structure and Function of the Breasts The structure of the breast Breasts are made up of fat and breast tissue, along with nerves, veins, arteries and connective tissue that helps hold everything in place. Figure 1.1 shows the different parts of the breast. The main chest muscle (the pectoralis muscle) is found between the breast and the ribs in the chest wall.
Image source: National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov) Breast tissue is a complex network of lobules (small round sacs that produce milk) and ducts (canals that carry milk from the lobules to the nipple openings during breastfeeding) in a pattern that looks like bunches of grapes. These “bunches� are called lobes.
Stages of Breast Cancer Stage is usually expressed as a number on a scale of 0 through IV — with stage 0 describing noninvasive cancers that remain within their original location and stage IV describing invasive cancers that have spread outside the breast to other parts of the body.
Stage 0 Stage I Stage II Stage III Stage IV TNM staging system
Understanding Breast Cancer Stages Your pathology report will include information about the stage of the breast cancer — that is, whether it is limited to one area in the breast, or it has spread to healthy tissues inside the breast or to other parts of the body. Your doctor will begin to determine this during surgery to remove the cancer and look at one or more of the underarm lymph nodes, which is where breast cancer tends to travel first. He or she also may order additional blood tests or imaging tests if there is reason to believe the cancer might have spread beyond the breast. Cancer stage is based on four characteristics:
the size of the cancer whether the cancer is invasive or non-invasive whether cancer is in the lymph nodes whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body beyond the breast
You also may see or hear certain words used to describe the stage of the breast cancer:
Local: The cancer is confined within the breast. Regional: The lymph nodes, primarily those in the armpit, are involved. Distant: The cancer is found in other parts of the body as well.
Sometimes doctors use the term “locally advanced” or “regionally advanced” to refer to large tumors that involve the breast skin, underlying chest structures, changes to the breast's shape, and lymph node enlargement that is visible or that your doctor can feel during an exam. The stage of the breast cancer can help you and your doctor understand your prognosis (the most likely outcome of the disease) and make decisions about treatment, along with all of the other results in your pathology report. Cancer stage also gives everyone a common way to describe the breast cancer, so that the results of your treatment can be compared and understood relative to that of other people.
Your doctor may use another staging system known as TNM to describe the cancer. This system is based on the size of the tumor (T), lymph node involvement (N), and whether the cancer has spread, or metastasized, to other parts of the body (M). TNM is discussed later in this section. Stage 0 Stage 0 is used to describe non-invasive breast cancers, such as DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ). In stage 0, there is no evidence of cancer cells or non-cancerous abnormal cells breaking out of the part of the breast in which they started, or getting through to or invading neighboring normal tissue. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage 0 in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage 0 page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage I Stage I describes invasive breast cancer (cancer cells are breaking through to or invading normal surrounding breast tissue) Stage I is divided into subcategories known as IA and IB. Stage IA describes invasive breast cancer in which:
the tumor measures up to 2 centimeters AND the cancer has not spread outside the breast; no lymph nodes are involved
Stage IB describes invasive breast cancer in which:
there is no tumor in the breast; instead, small groups of cancer cells – larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters – are found in the lymph nodes OR there is a tumor in the breast that is no larger than 2 centimeters, and there are small groups of cancer cells – larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters – in the lymph nodes
Microscopic invasion is possible in stage I breast cancer. In microscopic invasion, the cancer cells have just started to invade the tissue outside the lining of the duct or lobule, but the invading cancer cells can't measure more than 1 millimeter. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IA and IB in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IA and IB page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage II Stage II is divided into subcategories known as IIA and IIB. Stage IIA describes invasive breast cancer in which:
no tumor can be found in the breast, but cancer (larger than 2 millimeters) is found in 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes (the lymph nodes under the arm) or in the lymph nodes near the breast bone (found during a sentinel node biopsy) OR the tumor measures 2 centimeters or smaller and has spread to the axillary lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but not larger than 5 centimeters and has not spread to the axillary lymph nodes
Stage IIB describes invasive breast cancer in which:
the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but no larger than 5 centimeters; small groups of breast cancer cells -- larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters -- are found in the lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters but no larger than 5 centimeters; cancer has spread to 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes or to lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during a sentinel node biopsy) OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters but has not spread to the axillary lymph nodes
Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIA and IIB in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIA and IIB page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage III Stage III is divided into subcategories known as IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC. Stage IIIA describes invasive breast cancer in which either:
no tumor is found in the breast or the tumor may be any size; cancer is found in 4 to 9 axillary lymph nodes or in the lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during imaging tests or a physical exam) OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters; small groups of breast cancer cells (larger than 0.2 millimeter but not larger than 2 millimeters) are found in the lymph nodes OR the tumor is larger than 5 centimeters; cancer has spread to 1 to 3 axillary lymph nodes or to the lymph nodes near the breastbone (found during a sentinel lymph node biopsy)
Stage IIIB describes invasive breast cancer in which:
the tumor may be any size and has spread to the chest wall and/or skin of the breast and caused swelling or an ulcer AND may have spread to up to 9 axillary lymph nodes OR may have spread to lymph nodes near the breastbone
Inflammatory breast cancer is considered at least stage IIIB. Typical features of inflammatory breast cancer include:
reddening of a large portion of the breast skin the breast feels warm and may be swollen cancer cells have spread to the lymph nodes and may be found in the skin
Stage IIIC describes invasive breast cancer in which:
there may be no sign of cancer in the breast or, if there is a tumor, it may be any size and may have spread to the chest wall and/or the skin of the breast AND the cancer has spread to 10 or more axillary lymph nodes OR the cancer has spread to lymph nodes above or below the collarbone OR the cancer has spread to axillary lymph nodes or to lymph nodes near the breastbone
Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIIA and operable IIIC in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIIA and Operable IIIC page in Planning Your Treatment. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IIIB and inoperable IIIC in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IIIB and Inoperable IIIC page in Planning Your Treatment. Stage IV Stage IV describes invasive breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other organs of the body, such as the lungs, distant lymph nodes, skin, bones, liver, or brain. You may hear the words “advanced” and “metastatic” used to describe stage IV breast cancer. Cancer may be stage IV at first diagnosis or it can be a recurrence of a previous breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Learn about what treatments you can generally expect for stage IV in the Options by Cancer Stage: Stage IV section in Planning Your Treatment. TNM Staging System TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) is another staging system researchers use to provide more details about how the cancer looks and behaves. Your doctor might mention the TNM classification for your case, but he or she is much more likely to use the numerical staging system. Sometimes clinical trials require TNM information from participants, so talk to your doctor if you are considering participation in a clinical trial. The TNM system is based on three characteristics:
size (T stands for tumor) lymph node involvement (N stands for node) whether the cancer has metastasized (M stands for metastasis), or moved beyond the breast to other parts of the body.
The T (size) category describes the original (primary) tumor:
TX means the tumor can't be measured or found. T0 means there isn't any evidence of the primary tumor. Tis means the cancer is "in situ" (the tumor has not started growing into healthy breast tissue). T1, T2, T3, T4: These numbers are based on the size of the tumor and the extent to which it has grown into neighboring breast tissue. The higher the T number, the larger the tumor and/or the more it may have grown into the breast tissue.
The N (lymph node involvement) category describes whether or not the cancer has reached nearby lymph nodes:
NX means the nearby lymph nodes can't be measured or found. N0 means nearby lymph nodes do not contain cancer.
N1, N2, N3: These numbers are based on the number of lymph nodes involved and how much cancer is found in them. The higher the N number, the greater the extent of the lymph node involvement.
The M (metastasis) category tells whether or not there is evidence that the cancer has traveled to other parts of the body:
MX means metastasis can't be measured or found. M0 means there is no distant metastasis. M1 means that distant metastasis is present.
Once the pathologist knows your T, N, and M characteristics, he or she can use them to assign a stage to the cancer. For example, a T1 N0 M0 breast cancer would mean that the primary breast tumor is less than 2 centimeters across (T1), has not involved the lymph nodes (N0), and has not spread to distant parts of the body (M0). This cancer would be grouped as stage I. For more detailed information on the TNM staging system and how it relates to the numerical stage, visit the American Cancer Society’s section on breast cancer staging.
Tests that examine the breasts are used to detect (find) and diagnose breast cancer. A doctor should be seen if changes in the breast are noticed. The following tests and procedures may be used:
Physical exam and history : An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patient’s health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken. Clinical breast exam (CBE): An exam of the breast by a doctor or other health professional. The doctor will carefully feel the breasts and under the arms for lumps or anything else that seems unusual. Mammogram : An x-ray of the breast.
Mammography. The breast is pressed between two plates. X-rays are used to take pictures of breast tissue.
Ultrasound exam: A procedure in which high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) are bounced off internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissues called a sonogram. The picture can be printed to be looked at later. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI).
Blood chemistry studies : A procedure in which a blood sample is checked to measure the amounts of certain substances released into the blood by organs and tissues in the body. An unusual (higher or lower than normal) amount of a substance can be a sign of disease in the organ or tissue that makes it. Biopsy : The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. If a lump in the breast is found, the doctor may need to remove a small piece of the lump. Four types of biopsies are as follows: o Excisional biopsy : The removal of an entire lump of tissue. o Incisional biopsy : The removal of part of a lump or a sample of tissue. o Core biopsy : The removal of tissue using a wide needle. o Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy : The removal of tissue or fluid, using a thin needle.
If cancer is found, tests are done to study the cancer cells. Decisions about the best treatment are based on the results of these tests. The tests give information about:
how quickly the cancer may grow. how likely it is that the cancer will spread through the body. how well certain treatments might work. how likely the cancer is to recur (come back).
Tests include the following:
Estrogen and progesterone receptor test : A test to measure the amount of estrogen and progesterone (hormones) receptors in cancer tissue. If there are more estrogen and progesterone receptors than normal, the cancer may grow more quickly. The test results show whether treatment to block estrogen and progesterone may stop the cancer from growing. Human epidermal growth factor type 2 receptor (HER2/neu) test: A laboratory test to measure how many HER2/neu genes there are and how much HER2/neu protein is made in a sample of tissue. If there are more HER2/neu genes or higher levels of HER2/neu protein than normal, the cancer may grow more quickly and is more likely to spread to other parts of the body. The cancer may be treated with drugs that target the HER2/neu protein, such as trastuzumab and lapatinib. Multigene tests: Tests in which samples of tissue are studied to look at the activity of many genes at the same time. These tests may help predict whether cancer will spread to other parts of the body or recur (come back). o Oncotype DX: This test helps predict whether stage I or stage II breast cancer that is estrogen receptor positive and node-negative will spread to other parts of the body. If the risk of the cancer spreading is high, chemotherapy may be given to lower the risk. o MammaPrint: This test helps predict whether stage I or stage II breast cancer that is node-negative will spread to other parts of the body. If the risk of the cancer spreading is high, chemotherapy may be given to lower the risk.
Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. The prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options depend on the following:
The stage of the cancer (the size of the tumor and whether it is in the breast only or has spread to lymph nodes or other places in the body). The type of breast cancer. Estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor levels in the tumor tissue. Human epidermal growth factor type 2 receptor (HER2/neu) levels in the tumor tissue. Whether the tumor tissue is triple-negative (cells that do not have estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, or high levels of HER2/neu). How fast the tumor is growing. How likely the tumor is to recur (come back). A woman’s age, general health, and menopausal status (whether a woman is still having menstrual periods). Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred (come back).
Warning Signs of Breast Cancer Due to the use of regular mammography screening, most breast cancers in the U.S. are found at an early stage, before symptoms appear. However, not all breast cancers are found through mammography. The warning signs of breast cancer are not the same for all women. The most common symptoms are a change in the look or feel of the breast, a change in the look or feel of the nipple and nipple discharge. If you have any of the symptoms described below, see a health care provider [5-7]. If you do not have a provider, one of the best ways to find a good one is to get a referral from a trusted family member or friend. If that is not an option, call your health department, a clinic or a nearby hospital. Learn more about finding a health care provider.
Breast lumps or lumpiness Many women may find that their breasts feel lumpy. Breast tissue naturally has a bumpy texture. For some women, the lumpiness is more pronounced than for others. In most cases, this lumpiness is no cause to worry. If the lumpiness can be felt throughout the breast and feels like your other breast, then it is probably normal breast tissue. Lumps that feel harder or different from the rest of the breast (or the other breast) or that feel like a change are a concern and should be checked. When this type of lump is found, it may be a sign of breast cancer or a benign breast condition (as a cyst or fibroadenoma). Learn more about benign breast conditions. See your health care provider if you:   
Find a new lump (or any change) that feels different from the rest of your breast Find a new lump (or any change) that feels different from your other breast Feel something that is different from what you felt before
If you are unsure whether you should have a lump (or any change) checked, it is best to see a provider. Although a lump (or any change) may be nothing to worry about, you will have the peace of mind that it has been checked.
Nipple discharge Liquid leaking from your nipple (nipple discharge) can be troubling, but it is rarely a sign of cancer. Discharge can be your body's natural reaction when the nipple is squeezed.
Signs of a more serious condition (such as breast cancer) include discharge that:
Occurs without squeezing the nipple Occurs in only one breast Is bloody or clear (not milky)
Nipple discharge can also be caused by an infection or other condition that needs treatment. For these reasons, if you have any nipple discharge, see a health care provider.
Breast Cancer Statistics Rates of breast cancer vary among different groups of people. Rates vary between women and men and among people of different ethnicities and ages. They vary around the world and across the U.S. This section provides an overview of breast cancer statistics for many populations. Learn more about:
Overall estimates of breast cancer in the U.S. Breast cancer rates by state Time trends and breast cancer rates in the U.S. Lifetime risk of breast cancer in the U.S. Breast cancer rates around the world
Overall estimates of breast cancer in the U.S. Women In 2014, it is estimated that among U.S. women there will be [37]:
232,670 new cases of invasive breast cancer (This includes new cases of primary breast cancer among survivors, but not recurrence of original breast cancer among survivors.)
62,570 new cases of in situ breast cancer (This includes ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Of those, about 83 percent will be DCIS. DCIS is a non-invasive breast cancer and LCIS is a condition that increases the risk of invasive breast cancer. Learn more about DCIS and LCIS.)
40,000 breast cancer deaths
Rates of breast cancer among women vary by:
Age
Race/ethnicity o African American o Ashkenazi Jewish o Asian American and Pacific Islander o Hispanic/Latina o Native American (American Indian and Alaska Native)
Specific populations o Lesbians and bisexual women o Transgender people o Younger women o Pregnant women
Men Breast cancer in men is rare, but it does happen. In 2014, it is estimated that among men in the U.S. there will be [37]:
2,360 new cases of (This includes new cases of primary breast cancer among survivors, but not recurrence of original breast cancer among survivors.) 430 breast cancer deaths
Rates of breast cancer incidence (new cases) and mortality (death) are much lower among men than among women [38]. For example, in 2010 (most recent data available) [39]: Men
Women
Incidence (new cases)
1.3 per 100,000
120.9 per 100,000
Mortality (deaths)
0.3 per 100,000
21.9 per 100,000
Survival rates for men are about the same as for women with the same stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis [40]. However, men are usually diagnosed at a later stage because they are less likely to report symptoms [40]. Learn more about the symptoms of breast cancer in men. Treatment for men is the same as treatment for women and usually includes a combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and/or targeted therapy. Learn more about treatment for breast cancer in men.
Treatment for men is the same as treatment for women and usually includes a combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and/or targeted therapy. Learn more about treatment for breast cancer in men.
Time trends of breast cancer rates in the U.S. Breast cancer incidence over time From the 1940s until the 1980s, breast cancer incidence (new cases) rates in the U.S. increased by a little over one percent each year. In the 1980s, incidence rose greatly (likely due to increased mammography screening), and then leveled off during the 1990s [41]. The incidence of breast cancer declined in the early 2000s [37-38]. Although mammography screening rates fell somewhat over this same time period, studies show these changes were not likely related to the decline in breast cancer rates [42-43]. The decline appears to be related to the drop in use of menopausal hormone therapy (postmenopausal hormone use) that occurred after the Women's Health Initiative study showed its use increased the risk of breast cancer [37,41-43]. Since 2004, the incidence of breast cancer has remained stable [38].
Breast cancer mortality over time Breast cancer mortality (death) rates in the U.S. increased slowly from 1975 to 1990 [41]. Since 1990, breast cancer mortality has decreased by 34 percent [41]. This decline is due to improved breast cancer treatment and early detection [41].
Mammography and rates of early detection over time As mammography screening rates have increased, more cases of breast cancer have been found at earlier stages, when chances of survival are highest. During the 1980s and 1990s, diagnoses of early stage breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and conditions such as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), increased greatly. Since the late 1990s, these rates have increased slightly. At the same time, diagnoses of advanced stage (metastatic) breast cancer have remained stable [39].
Race/ethnicity and breast cancer rates over time Over time, the incidence (new cases) of breast cancer has been higher among white women than among black women. Since 1990, mortality (death) from breast cancer has declined for both white women and black women [41]. However, breast cancer mortality has declined more slowly among black women than among white women [41]. So, despite incidence being higher for white women, mortality is higher for black women. Figure 1.2 (below) shows these trends. Learn more about race/ethnicity and breast cancer.
Figure 1.2
Age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population. Source: SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2010, 2013 [39] Breast cancer rates in men over time
Rates of breast cancer incidence and mortality in men have changed little over the past 30 years [39]. Learn more about breast cancer in men.
Geographic variation in breast cancer rates Variation within the U.S. Rates of breast cancer vary across the U.S. Figure 1.5 (below) shows the incidence (new cases) rates of breast cancer for each of the 50 states and Washington, D.C. Figure 1.6 (below) shows breast cancer mortality (death) rates. For maps of breast cancer incidence and mortality in the U.S., visit the National Cancer Institute (NCI) website.
Race/ethnicity and breast cancer incidence and mortality Among women in the U.S., rates of breast cancer incidence (new cases) and mortality (death) vary by race and
ethnicity. Figure 1.7
Source: American Cancer Society, 2013 [41] White women have the highest breast cancer incidence overall, while Asian American and Pacific Islander women have the lowest [41].
Figure 1.8
Source: American Cancer Society, 2013 [41]
African American women have the highest breast cancer mortality overall, while Asian American and Pacific Islander women have the lowest [41]. Learn more about breast cancer incidence and mortality among women of different races/ethnicities:
African Americans Ashkenazi Jewish women Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Hispanics/Latinas American Indian and Alaska Native women
Migration to the U.S. and breast cancer rates Immigrants in the U.S. usually have breast cancer incidence (new cases) rates similar to those in their home country. Over generations however, the daughters and granddaughters of immigrants have a risk similar to other women born in the U.S.
African American Women Breast cancer is the most common cancer among African American women. It is also the second leading cause of cancer death among African American women, exceeded only by lung cancer [37]. In 2013 (most recent data available), an estimated 27,060 new cases of breast cancer and 6,080 deaths were expected to occur among African American women [46]. Overall, breast cancer incidence in African American women is lower than in white women. However, for women younger than 45, incidence is higher among African American women than white women [46]. Breast cancer mortality (death) is 41 percent higher in African American women than in white women [46]. Although breast cancer survival in African American women has increased over time, survival rates remain lower than among white women. For those diagnosed from 2003 to 2009, the five-year relative survival rate for breast cancer among African American women was 79 percent compared to 92 percent among white women [39]. There are many possible reasons for this difference in survival including:
Biologic and genetic differences in tumors Prevalence of risk factors Barriers to health care access Health behaviors Later stage of breast cancer at diagnosis
Breast cancer screening rates among African American women are similar to those among white women [47]. Learn more breast cancer screening among African American women.
Ashkenazi Jewish women Breast and ovarian cancer are somewhat more common among women of Ashkenazi Jewish descent (women with ancestors from Central or Eastern Europe). This is likely due to the high prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (Breast Cancer 1 and 2) gene mutations in these women. Everyone has BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, but those who have an inherited mutation in either of these genes are at higher risk for breast and ovarian cancer [48-52]. Like other gene mutations, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are rare in the general population. However, between eight and 10 percent of Ashkenazi Jewish women carry one of these mutations [48,53-54]. Learn more about BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and breast cancer risk.
Learn about genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
Asian American and Pacific Islander women Breast cancer incidence (new cases) and mortality (death) rates are lower for Among Asian American and Pacific Islander women than for non-Hispanic white and African American women [41]. For example, from 2006 to 2010 (most recent data available) [41]: Asian American and Pacific Islander women
White (non-Hispanic) women
African American women
Incidence (new cases)
84.7 per 100,000
127.3 per 100,000
118.4 per 100,000
Mortality (deaths)
11.5 per 100,000
22.7 per 100,000
30.8 per 100,000
Breast cancer mortality rates vary among different Asian American and Pacific Islander ethnic groups [55]. However, breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in most Asian American and Pacific Islander women (lung cancer is the major cause of cancer death among these women) [37]. Asian American and Pacific Islander women have somewhat lower rates of breast cancer screening than African American and white women [47]. Learn more about breast cancer screening among Asian American and Pacific Islander women.
Hispanic/Latina women Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Hispanic/Latina women [41]. Breast cancer incidence (new cases) and mortality (death) rates for Hispanic/Latina women are lower than for nonHispanic white women and African American women [41]. For example, from 2006 to 2010 (most recent data available) [41]: Hispanic/Latina women
White (non-Hispanic) women
African American women
Incidence (new cases)
91.1 per 100,000
127.3 per 100,000
118.4 per 100,000
Mortality (deaths)
14.8 per 100,000
22.7 per 100,000
30.8 per 100,000
In 2012 (most recent data available), among Hispanic/Latina women in the U.S., it was estimated that 17,100 new cases of breast cancer would occur and 2,400 women would die from breast cancer [56]. Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in Hispanic/Latina women [37]. Screening mammography rates among Hispanic/Latina women are similar to rates among nonHispanic white and African American women [47,56]. However, because Hispanic/Latina women
tend to be diagnosed with later stage breast cancers than white women, they may be less likely to get prompt follow-up after an abnormal mammogram [56]. Learn more about breast cancer screening among Hispanic/Latina women.
Native American women (American Indian and Alaska Native women) In the past, breast cancer in Native Americans was rare. However, the last two decades have seen large increases in both incidence (new cases) and mortality (death) rates for American Indian and Alaska Native women [41]. However, both incidence and mortality remain lower than among white or African American women. For example, from 2006 to 2010 (most recent data available) [41]: American Indian and Alaska Native women
White (non-Hispanic) women
African American women
Incidence (new cases)
90.3 per 100,000
127.3 per 100,000
118.4 per 100,000
Mortality (deaths)
15.5 per 100,000
22.7 per 100,000
30.8 per 100,000
Incidence and mortality vary according to where Native American women live. Women who live in Alaska have the highest incidence rates (similar to non-Hispanic white women) and women who live in the Southwest have the lowest incidence rates [57]. Although data are limited, mammography screening rates among American Indian and Alaska Native women are similar to rates among white women [47]. Learn more about breast cancer screening among Native American women.
Lesbians, bisexual women and transgender people Lesbians and bisexual women Although lesbians and bisexual women have a greater risk of breast cancer than other women, it is not because of their sexual orientation. Rather, it is linked to risk factors for breast cancer that tend to be more common in lesbians (such as never having children or having them later in life) [58-60]. Lesbians also tend to have higher rates of obesity and alcohol use, both of which can increase breast cancer risk [58-61]. Early findings suggest that women in a same sex-relationship may have a higher risk of breast cancer death (but not a higher risk of death from any cause) compared to women in a different-sex relationship [62]. One study found similar rates of screening mammography among lesbians and bisexual women and heterosexual women [63]. However, some findings have shown lesbians and bisexual women may not get regular mammograms [64-65]. The reasons for this are not yet clear. However, lack of insurance, a
perceived low breast cancer risk and not seeing a health care provider regularly may all play a role [64-65]. One step lesbians and bisexual women can take is to find a provider who is sensitive to their needs, and to see that provider on a regular basis. Provider visits offer the chance to get routine clinical breast exams and mammograms. These screening tests can find breast cancer early, when the chances of survival are highest.
Transgender people At this time, data on breast cancer among transgender men and women are too limited to comment on any increased or decreased risk in these populations. If you are transgender, talk to your health care provider about your breast cancer risk. Your provider can assess your situation. Komen’s work in the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community Hear from Eric Brinker, often called Susan G. Komen’s longest-running volunteer, about how he supports Komen’s mission as well as advocates for improved breast cancer care for the LGBT community. Learn how Komen is working to better serve the LGBT community.
Age and breast cancer The two most common risk factors for breast cancer are:
Being female Getting older
All women are at risk for breast cancer. The risk of getting breast cancer increases as you age. Most breast cancers and breast cancer deaths occur in women aged 50 and older [41]. No matter your age, you should know how your breasts normally look and feel. If you notice any changes, see your health care provider. Learn about the warning signs of breast cancer.
Younger women Although rare, younger women can also get breast cancer. Fewer than five percent of breast cancers occur in women under age 40 [41]. However, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death (death from any type of cancer) among women ages 20 to 59 [38]. While breast cancer risk is generally much lower among younger women, certain genetic factors can put some women at a higher risk. Women who are diagnosed at younger ages may have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation. Women who carry one of these gene mutations have an increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancers.
Learn more about inherited gene mutations and cancer risk. Learn about breast cancer screening for women at higher risk due to a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation. Learn about unique issues for younger women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Pregnant women Breast cancer is the most common cancer in pregnant and postpartum women. About 13 cases are diagnosed per 100,000 pregnancies [66]. When women are pregnant or breastfeeding, their breasts are naturally more tender and enlarged. This may make it harder to find a lump or notice other changes. Learn more about breast cancer during pregnancy. Updated 03/15/14
Geographic variation in breast cancer rates Variation within the U.S. Rates of breast cancer vary across the U.S. Figure 1.5 (below) shows the incidence (new cases) rates of breast cancer for each of the 50 states and Washington, D.C. Figure 1.6 (below) shows breast cancer mortality (death) rates. For maps of breast cancer incidence and mortality in the U.S., visit the National Cancer Institute (NCI) website. Figure 1.5: Estimated Breast Cancer Incidence (New Cases) Rates among Women by State, 2006-2010 State
Rate of Invasive Breast Cancer (per 100,000 women)
State
Rate of Invasive Breast Cancer (per 100,000 women)
United States
122
Missouri
122
Alabama
119
Montana
124
Alaska
128
Nebraska
122
Arizona
110
Nevada
113
Arkansas
110
New Hampshire
132
California
122
New Jersey
129
Colorado
125
New Mexico
109
Connecticut
136
New York
128
Delaware
127
North Carolina
125
District of Columbia
140
North Dakota
123
Florida
114
Ohio
121
Georgia
122
Oklahoma
122
Hawaii
123
Oregon
130
Idaho
120
Pennsylvania
126
Illinois
126
Rhode Island
131
Indiana
117
South Carolina
122
Iowa
123
South Dakota
118
Kansas
123
Tennessee
129
Kentucky
121
Texas
114
Louisiana
120
Utah
111
Maine
127
Vermont
131
Maryland
128
Virginia
125
Massachusetts
134
Washington
131
Michigan
120
West Virginia
110
Minnesota
Not available
Wisconsin
123
Mississippi
114
Wyoming
111
Source: American Cancer Society, 2014 [37] Figure 1.6: Estimated Breast Cancer Mortality (Death) Rates among Women by State, 2006-2010 State
Rate of Breast Cancer Mortality (per 100,000 women)
State
Rate of Breast Cancer Mortality (per 100,000 women)
United States
23
Missouri
24
Alabama
23
Montana
20
Alaska
24
Nebraska
20
Arizona
21
Nevada
23
Arkansas
23
New Hampshire
21
California
22
New Jersey
25
Colorado
20
New Mexico
21
Connecticut
22
New York
22
Delaware
23
North Carolina
23
District of Columbia
30
North Dakota
22
Florida
21
Ohio
25
Georgia
23
Oklahoma
24
Hawaii
16
Oregon
22
Idaho
22
Pennsylvania
24
Illinois
24
Rhode Island
21
Indiana
24
South Carolina
24
Iowa
21
South Dakota
20
Kansas
22
Tennessee
23
Kentucky
23
Texas
22
Louisiana
25
Utah
22
Maine
21
Vermont
20
Maryland
25
Virginia
24
Massachusetts
21
Washington
22
Michigan
24
West Virginia
22
Minnesota
21
Wisconsin
21
Mississippi
25
Wyoming
21
Source: American Cancer Society, 2014 [37]
Worldwide variation Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. It is estimated that more than 1.7 million new cases of breast cancer occurred among women worldwide in 2012 (most recent data available) [44]. Rates of breast cancer around the world vary a great deal. In general, developed countries (such as the U.S., England and Australia) have higher rates than developing countries (such as Cambodia, Nepal and Rwanda). (See Figure 1.3 below.) Women who live in developed countries also tend to have a higher lifetime risk of breast cancer than women who live in developing countries (see Figure 1.4 below). Although we don’t know all the reasons for these differences, lifestyle and reproductive factors likely play a large role. Low screening rates and incomplete reporting can make rates of breast cancer in developing countries look lower than they truly are and may also explain some of the difference. Learn more about lifetime risk of breast cancer in the U.S.
Breast Cancer in Men Breast cancer in men is rare, but it does happen. About one percent of breast cancers in the U.S. occur in men [1]. This section of Understanding Breast Cancer provides information about breast cancer for men and their loved ones. Breast Cancer Facts and Statistics
Breast facts for men The male breast What is breast cancer? Warning signs of breast cancer in men Types of breast cancer in men Benign breast conditions in men Statistics on breast cancer in men in the U.S. Glossary
Breast Cancer Screening
Risk Factors
Treatment
Age BRCA2 gene mutations and family history of breast cancer Gynecomastia Klinefelter’s syndrome Overweight and obesity Other risk factors
Recommendations for men at higher risk of breast cancer due to an inherited gene mutation or strong family history
Treatment for breast cancer in men o Surgery and radiation therapy o Hormone therapy o Chemotherapy and targeted therapy Prognosis and survival Clinical trials
Support
Social support Support groups Sources of support for spouses, partners and other loved ones Finding local sources of support Quality of life issues Depression Support resources
Study Shows Benefits of Electric Acupuncture for Breast Cancer Patients
A new study shows acupuncture may benefit breast cancer patients. A recent study conducted at the University of Pennsylvania indicated that a specific form of acupuncture may provide some relief to women suffering from breast cancer. Electroacupuncture, a form of the treatment where a slight electric current is passed between pairs of the needles, has shown effective at reducing pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression among early stage patients. The study, led by Jun Mao, an associate professor with UPenn's school of medicine, measured the effects of electroacupuncture against those of a placebo, or non-electric acupuncture. As Mao explained, the results of the study suggested that treatments with electroacupuncture may prove to simplify complex treatment regimens for breast cancer patients. "Since many patients experience pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression simultaneously, our results provide an opportunity to offer patients one treatment that may target multiple symptoms," Mao said in a statement. In order to conduct the study, Mao and other researchers exposed patients to an eight-week trial of the electro acupuncture therapy. Ultimately, researchers determined that the therapy helped reduce selfreported levels of pain, fatigue, anxiety and depression, and that the effect was still noticeable in week 12, four weeks after the experiment ended. The study, which was published in the journal Cancer, is the first ever to measure the effects of electro acupuncture in relation to the aforementioned symptoms.
Read more at http://blog.thebreastcancersite.com/study-shows-benefits-of-electric-acupuncturefor-breast-cancer-patients/#24Gu8cegadzjtdvF.99
Whoa! Ever Wonder How Cancer REALLY Works? This Short Video Is A Must-See!
Do you know how cancer cells grow? Or how they’re different than regular cells? This fantastic animation from TED-Ed breaks down cell division and the treatments we use to fight it. Discover how modern science is turning cancer’s main strength into its weakness!
Click Here to Watch Video
Read more at http://blog.thebreastcancersite.com/cancercelldivision/#uGFbOIcCjzXSXus2.99
Struggling With Staying Positive? You’re In Luck! Robin Roberts Has Something To Share
Robin Roberts battled breast cancer in 2007, and finished up treatments in 2008. Then, years after beating the disease, she was diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), a disease of the bone marrow. Although rare, this was directly linked to her chemotherapy treatments. Still, Robin did not let that faze her, and she fought, again, for her life. Here, she talks about staying optimistic and “fighting the battle that’s in front of you.” She focuses on all of the great things she has accomplished since her battle with breast cancer, and this simple fact: her life went on. Watch the clip to hear more from Robin. Click here to Watch Video (What inspires you to stay optimistic? Share in the comments below.) Read more at http://blog.thebreastcancersite.com/robinrobertsoptimism/#evCMmQ3u889gyKlR.99
Want A Raw And Honest Look At How Three Survivors Are Handling Body Image After Surgery? Watch This! After a mastectomy, the choice of whether or not to get reconstruction is an incredibly personal one. Some men and women want to hide their scars from everyone — even loved ones — and others take a different approach. For Sarah, one of the survivors in the following video, showing off her breasts is akin to showing off her leg. “People look at me and go, it’s – that was something in my past. But for me, I live with this every day… and I will for the rest of my life,” Sarah says. “I have these scars, I have these boobs that aren’t real, so… the body image thing will stay with you. It will, it’s just part of who you are, and it’s kind of the new you.” Tina and Mark, the other survivors featured in this video, both opted out of reconstruction. “Not having breasts is easy in lots of ways,” Tina says. “You don’t have to wear a bra, you can lie quite comfortably sleeping on your stomach. My son says to me I’m easy to cuddle ’cause he can get his arms right around me.” Here, these three gutsy survivors briefly share their stories and bare their changed bodies.
Click Here to Watch Video Read more at http://blog.thebreastcancersite.com/baringtheirscars/#c3Matz9X30JpUvve.99
Eating Healthy And Exercise Is The Key To Maintaining Good Health.
A Healthy Food Chart and Their benefits
Improving kidney function can be simple. Your body was designed to heal, and it wants to heal, but can’t if you bombard it with conditions (diet, stress, environment) that constantly put it in a state of illhealth. There are many simple things you can do to start improving kidney function today! Drinking plenty of water (up to 4L daily), exercising and getting rid of stress are important, but so are the foods you consume. Eating a protein heavy diet (animal products, processed greasy food) puts a lot of stress on the kidneys and raises the levels of uric acid generated by the kidneys. Consuming foods that are healing to the kidneys is a great step in the direction to optimal kidney function. Pretty much all plant-based foods help heal the body, but these 12 fruit and vegetables I outline below are specifically targeted to help heal any ailment of the kidneys you might now be suffering. Here are my top 12 kidney-friendly plant-based foods that you may want to start including in your diet! Red Bell Pepper Provide roughage from the fibre, Vitamin B6, Vitamin A and folic acid and also antioxidant lypocene that cleanses your kidneys. Parsley Parsley is known as the best cleaning treatment for kidneys. It increases diuresis by inhibiting the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in the kidney, thereby enhancing sodium and water excretion while increasing potassium reabsorption. It is also valued as an aquaretic (excretion of water without electrolyte loss). Dandelion Greens Dandelion greens are food for the kidneys. The leaves have a milk diuretic effect and helps the kidneys eliminate its waste products more efficiently. Dandelion greens do not deplete the body’s potassium levels, despite its diuretic properties. Dandelion greens also contain a significant amount of magnesium, potassium and other important vitamins and minerals that strengthen kidney function, and reduce the risk of stone formation (potassium and magnesium both promote urinary excretion of citrate – a natural inhibitor of urinary crystal formation). Cucumber Help to wash the kidneys and bladder of debris and stones. Studies have shown that eating cucumbers regularly helps to regulate uric acid in the body, thereby preventing certain kidney and bladder stones. Celery Promotes healthy and normal kidney function by aiding elimination of toxins from the body! In fact, Hippocrates considered celery a medicine and recommended it for its kidney cleansing benefits. Burdock Burdock is known for it’s blood purifying abilities. It is highly regarded for its action in the urinary tract, being of benefit to the kidneys and bladder infections, inflammations and kidney stones.
Cilantro Cilantro (Coriander) may help reduce the damaging effects of lead on the kidneys. Cilantro is also useful for removing mercury, a toxic metal that decreases the kidneys’ ability to filter and increases risk for kidney disease. Cruciferous Vegetables (Cauliflower, Cabbage, Broccoli, etc.) Cauliflower is a cruciferous vegetable, containing special compounds that help your liver neutralize toxic substances, and thus eases toxic load on the kidneys. Cabbage on the other hand is a great source of vitamins K, C, B6 and folic acid, all of which help to support the health of the kidneys. The fibre in cauliflower and cabbage, as well as other fibre-rich fruit and vegetables helps to slow the absorption of nutrients. This gives the liver and kidneys some time to deal with the influx into the blood stream, helping blood sugar from spiking, and thus saving the kidneys from potential damage. Fibre also pulls toxins from the digestive tract, and thus helps reduce the amount of toxins that would normally be processed through the kidneys for excretion. Garlic & Onions Garlic, onions, leeks, shallots, and other members of the allicin family contain an organic sulfurcontaining compound called allicin which has incredible anti-inflammatory properties that also fights infection. These foods help stabilize blood pressure too, and act as a beneficial antioxidant. Apples Apples are a great source of fibre, which helps bind and remove toxins from the digestive tract before the body can absorb them (and thus lessening toxic load on the kidneys). Apples also help reduce cholesterol, have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system by cleansing the blood, and help reduce inflammation. Berries (blueberry, raspberry, strawberry, cranberry) These yummy fruits with vibrant colours are really healthy food for your kidney. Be it strawberry, raspberry, blueberries and last but not the least cranberries all have their individual and collect functions that benefit the kidneys. Cranberry increase the acidic nature of urine thereby eliminating infections, blueberries are anti-inflammatory and raspberries help neutralise the impurities in the kidney. Beets (Beetroot) The blood-red beet is also a good tonic for the blood, providing rich amounts of calcium, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus. Perhaps this is why beets are thought to strengthen the heart. With a wealth of vitamin C, carotene, and B vitamins, beets may nourish the nerves, aid lymphatic function, and increase energy Read more at http://livelovefruit.com/2014/04/12-foods-for-kidney-health/#cgeASLfUyEPCxJh1.99
Walking Is A Healthy Way To Good Health WALKING SPEED Don’t think so much about how fast you are walking, but how hard you are exercising. In other words, think about intensity, and the right pace will follow. To increase fitness and slim down you need to walk at the right intensity, which we’ll call your “target zone”. The target zone is usually between 65% and 85% of your maximum heart rate. To get in the target zone, walk at a pace where you feel as though you’re walking with purpose, that is walking faster than usual, and slightly out of breath. Start walking at a pace as though you are on your way to an appointment with little time to spare. If that pace seems too easy, try walking at a pace as though you were several minutes late for an appointment. There are three ways to gauge whether you’re walking in your target zone. An easy way is to guestimate using a scale of 1 – 10 (called a Rating of Perceived Exertion scale or RPE). See here for a quick explanation of RPE. Aim to walk at a pace that feels like level 6 or 7 on the scale.
Use a heart rate monitor. First, use this heart rate calculator, to convert 65% and 85% of your maximum heart rate into actual numbers. For example, 65% and 85% or your maximum heart rate might be 125 beats per minute (bpm) and 165bpm. Then when you’re out walking and wearing your heart rate monitor, you know you need to walk at a pace that gets your heart rate between 125bpm and 165bpm. That’s all!
Walking on the treadmill? An average person walks at a speed of about 2½ to 3 miles an hour (about 20 minutes a mile). To lose weight and get fit you should aim to walk at 3½ to 4 miles an hour (15 minutes a mile). Increasing your pace from 3 mph to 4 mph means you’ll burn about one third more calories.
Hips Generate More of the Power When Walking, the Ankles When Running In a study making a comparison between human running and walking motions, and if the knees, ankles or hips or are the most significant power sources for those motions, scientists demonstrate that the ankles generate most of the power when we run, but the hips generate most of the power when we walk. Knees give about 1 fifth or less of running or walking power. The research reveals that, in general, hips produce more power when we walk. That’s until we reach the stage at which we’re speed walking, when we walk so quickly that it’s more comfortable to run, at 2 meters a second. The hips produce 44% of the power when walking at a pace of 2 meters a second, with ankles giving 39% of the power. When we begin to run at this 2 meter/second pace, the ankles really start working, providing 47% of the power in comparison to 32% for the hips. The ankles still supply more of the power of the 3 lower limb joints as the running speed increases, even though the hips start closing the distance at faster speeds.
For the study, 10 individuals ran and walked at different speeds on a uniquely designed treadmill; several cameras captured their gait with monitoring reflective markers placed on different parts of the individuals’ lower limbs as the treadmill collected data from the applied force. The research looked at running and walking on level ground so as to gauge the differences caused by increased speed; running and walking on inclined ground is essentially different than running and walking on flat ground, and would probably alter the power generation results in favor of the knees and hips.
Do you put kale and spinach in your fruit smoothies? It’s a great way to sneak another vegetable — you need at least five fruits and veggies a day — into your diet. In my book, you’ll find a bunch of secrets to veggie loading, sly ways to get more of those fresh, colorful fiber-rich, cancerfighting, heart-healthy wonders into your meals without you even noticing them. Here’s five:
1. Vibrant Living clients LOVE the ease of serving their entrees on a bed of fresh spinach. No extra cooking or cleanup. The heat of sautéed chicken softens the greens a bit — and your consumption of vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients spikes with this simple addition to your plate. 2. My “Sloppy Mollys” are full of nutrients, slipping sweet potatoes, butternut squash, red pepper and celery into a ground turkey and tomato sauce and served on a bun. (The recipe is in my new book Vibrant Living.) Get your kids and your spouse into the kitchen with you to chop and puree. Give them the “secrets” of caring for their bodies with vegetable-laden cooking. 3. Deviled eggs become Angel Eggs when you lightly steam and then puree cauliflower and add it to the yolks and mayonnaise. (This one’s in Vibrant Living, too!) 4. Try a veggie-laden cocktail. It’s so exciting to see chefs exploring all the flavor profiles of fresh vegetables – and getting creative with vibrant vegetables. I flavor water with cucumbers and garnish it with celery and herbs, treating the H2O I treasure so much like a fancy night-out treat. 5. Tired of raw carrots and ranch dip? Cook your carrots and reap five times the benefits over eating them raw. Carrots have a cell wall that locks in the beta-carotene and makes it more difficult for the body to absorb. Cooking helps to dissolve some of the cellulose, so you can better use the available beta-carotene. According to the Institute of Food Research, the body’s absorption of beta-carotene increases up to five times. Cook the carrots whole, then cut or mash them. According to recent research, cooking carrots before chopping preserves more of their nutrients.
Two great stories of being diagnose with Breast Cancer and Survivors Ms. Shirley Walker was diagnosed with Cervical Cancer in 2007 and after taking chemotherapy for 3 months, she told her eldest son Robert that she felt worst and wanted to stop taking the chemotherapy. Robert then called the founder of Youngevity the 1991 Nobel Peace Prize nominee Dr. Joel Wallach who found out how to prevent and reverse 900 diseases in the human body with Organic Plant Minerals; instructed Robert what to give his mother for her health issues, so Robert then purchased The Healthy Start Pack (contains 60 minerals, 16 vitamins, 12 amino acids & 2 fatty acids) and the Ultimate Selenium (which Dr Wallach beat the FDA 8 times to prove that Selenium can prevent & reverse Cancer) for his mother and after a few years Shirley went back to her doctor who said "I don't know what you did or what you are taking, but keep it going because I don't see any signs of the Cancer. So if you want to find out what mineral you are missing go to www.findmymineral.com/90/robertkwalker and fill out the information section on the right hand side. Health Ambassador Bobby Walker
A Survivor Robin Wilkinson of North Virginia, I am a living witness to give our God the praise!! I was diagnosed with breast cancer 2011 and I had a double mastectomy, and reconstruction surgery. I announced that I am a runway model for my God who said let my light shine so man can see how good God is. Amen! And because Jesus lives we can face tomorrow. My healer!
Everybody more or less eat what they feel like here at Fluff n' Stuff, we want you to feel what you eat! We ALL have a sweet tooth to a certain degree, be it cake, cookie, ice cream, chocolate, fruit, if it has sugar and you like it that's your sweet tooth! Fluff n' Stuff started a little less than four years ago, when I got invited to a friend’s pot luck party. Since I was late in picking out my item, I got left with being the one responsible for a homemade dessert. I made cheese cake tarts: an assortment of cheesecakes with different toppings and flavors. Arriving at the party, I put them out for "dessert" only to have all of them ate before night's end. One thing led to another as a few of the people at the party had their own events, and I was asked each time to make something new and different. The interesting thing is since it was the same group of friends attending these events; they were able to sample most of my items, consistently. This hobby of mine was growing as more and more people put request in after request: what started out with cheese cakes and red velvet cakes, turned into making different types of cookies, assortment of cake flavors and ice creams, biscotti, breads, muffins, cupcakes- the list goes on and on. I discovered that as simple as it sounds people want that one thing that makes them feel good, something tasty not just to the eyes but to the stomach. People want to FEEL what they EAT. Foods can and will affect your moods. Your moods can and will affect the foods (you eat). As I explored deeper into the world of baking, and caking, I realized then, that I REALLY enjoy doing this!!! I mean it's a far cry from my life on Wall Street and Corporate America... this is FUN!
I enrolled myself into Intro to Cake Decorating Class, and I fell in love. So what I was the only guy in the class, who sat in the front with a note pad and digital camera, taking notes and pictures of everything single thing the teacher said. From this class I was invited to another class-more advanced, and while I was worried about my performance, what I lacked in 'skill', I made up for in 'will'. With each lesson I took, new creations, ideas, techniques, and self discoveries were made. I enrolled in guest chef classes, meeting Cake Decorators and Chefs from the Food Network, TLC, Cake Boss, as well as well known local and global talents! I studied different techniques, visited bakeries around the city, asked questions, took pictures, learning all along the way. As I invested in the tools of the trade: I converted a part of my kitchen into a pantry of cake and decorating supplies. Time progressed, I started developing my own recipes, mixing different flavors, extracts, fruits, spices, into conventional recipes, enhancing and improving all along the way. I also studied to become certified in Allergen and Gluten Free cooking and became certified in Food Safety and Preparation. I even made it my duty to create low fat/carb/sugar and gluten free deserts, for those who are health conscious and who want to satisfy the need for a dessert. I have been very fortunate to meet some very helpful and knowledgeable people who in turn have opened a lot of doors for me. I am always appreciative for this. So with all that said, I want to welcome you and THANK you for coming into the World of Fluff n' Stuff: (www.myfluffnstuff.com) sign in/register, look around, check for tasting or events, (on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram) read/leave a testimony, and put your order in. FEEL WHAT YOU EAT! simply.baked.goods.
www.myfluffnstuff.com baker@myfluffnstuff.com 917 859 0283
Children Model of The Month August 2014
Model Zionda Prince Beatty
Children Model of The Month August 2014
Model Aiyanna Sanai
In Loving Memory of Kayla Jeanty R.I.P. 2006 - 2014
The Lebrun Family The Fashion Community has lost a Fashion Princess and our hearts and prays goes out to the Lebrun Family. --DMochelle-Fashions Kittrell and Brother-Michael Katlow Cox