BF2024 Research Notes - Autumn edition

Foreword

This latest issue of Research Notes highlights the variety of support offered to our researchers here at Buckinghamshire New University (BNU) at all levels from postgraduate students to professors.

We are pleased to announce that BNU has been ranked 8th in the country for student satisfaction in Advance HE’s 2023 Postgraduate Research Experience Survey (PRES). BNU achieved an overall satisfaction rate of 84% and ranked 1st for research culture (73%), 1st for responsibilities (91%), 1st for supervision (95%), 1st for community (73%), 2nd for progression (92%) and 2nd for support (84%). This is an excellent achievement and a testament to our continued success and growth.

This edition of Research Notes also highlights the value of continuity in research at BNU. In this respect we have two articles on health and leisure tourism that build on the previous issue.

Alongside this, following the February launch of our Impact Centres at BNU, this edition showcases the first article drawn from this research, with a multidisciplinary research team discussing the initial results of a study centred on an app designed to help students with learning medical terminology. This issue also includes the details of two planned Knowledge Transfer Projects (KTPs). These upcoming projects are designed in collaboration with Ghanaian organisations, with more exciting details to follow in coming months.

Finally, we highlight the work of our professors at BNU with the upcoming Professorial Lecture being delivered by Professor David Warnock-Smith in October this year – an event to which all are invited, and welcome to attend.

PROFESSOR FLORIN IORAS Director of Enterprise and Research

PROFESSORIAL LECTURES AT BNU

BNU celebrates the upcoming Professorial Lecture by David Warnock-Smith in October 2023. In the lecture, An Insatiable Need or an Insatiable Desire? Examining longdistance transport and the role of aviation within it , David will highlight how aviation has played a critical role in revolutionising long-distance transport since the 1960s, particularly in meeting requirements for long distance freight and passenger trip combinations that lack access to viable alternatives. As the lecture will highlight in the 21st century aviation continues to play this critical role - albeit with an urgent impetus to reduce its contributions to greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the world’s climate emergency.

The lecture will explore how the distances over which the benefits of aviation are most acutely felt are the same distances for which reductions in emissions will prove the most difficult – something that will potentially lead to an impending conundrum for individuals, policymakers and the aviation sector itself as it seeks to achieve sustainable growth.

All are invited to join David as he explores the different trends in long-distance transport, the groups in society that make most use of it and why, and whether, in the context of managing our personal and organisational carbon footprints, we are able to consider any long distance trips as dispensable or substitutable.

The inaugural professorial lecture by David will be held on Wednesday October 4th between 17:00 and 19:00. For more details and to book your place, visit the Eventbrite page for the event or please contact researchunit@bucks.ac.uk .

For details of future Professorial Lecture events, please visit the BNU Website

Sustainable solutions: An investigation of the second-life of used electric vehicles (EVs) lithium-ion (li-ion) batteries for domestic energy storage applications

DR

MOHAMMAD RANA

SENIOR LECTURER School of Art, Design and Performance

In recent years the growing global appeal for the reducing greenhouse gas emissions caused by internal combustion engines has led to the exponential growth of sales of electric vehicles (EV) – something that is expected to increase even further in coming decades.

A growing concern in relation to EVs is that where the power source is predominantly the lithium-ion (li-ion) battery that a greater uptake of EVs will lead to a greater number of li-ion batteries retired in the coming years. These used EV batteries often still retain 70% to 80% of their initial capacity but are no longer feasible for EV applications due to factors such as rapidly changing load dynamics, variable speeds, braking requirements, the risks posed by thermal runaway and other critical driving conditions associated with EVs.

The ‘second life’ of these used EV batteries has come to represent an emerging opportunity for policy makers, manufacturers and the domestic and commercial sectors – including agriculture, boats and yachts, and other off-grid applications. This project has examined the implementation of a range of used EV batteries in respect of their optimal and efficient usage in facilitating

low-cost and sustainable energy storage for domestic industries. The project used two Nissan Leaf 25kwh used EV batteries with an estimated state of health of 60% and 72% respectively. Simultaneously two new lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries with the required solar and wind turbines were used to model an offgrid power system.

The off-grid power capacity was rated with standard domestic load capacity of 30 Kilowatt (kW) connected load, with a maximum of 10.75 Kilowatt hours (kWh) to 0.5kWh based load demands. The charging-discharging states were monitored with renewable energy sources as integrated, then compared with charging by domestic power socket states. The results showed that used EV batteries were efficient when they were charged by domestic power sockets. A separate experiment carried out with a range of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) load combinations investigated the amount of losses occurring during the DC to AC conversion with renewable energy sources. The result for this experiment was disappointing, as the losses varied from 40% to 65% from static to dynamic loads.

One of the significant findings of this experiment was the risk of thermal runaway and fire safety that may pose risks for the future implementation of used EV batteries for domestic industries. In providing power for a dishwasher, for example, the level of heat produced during direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) raised the fire and inverter alarms, and one of the batteries eventually drained out fully and eventually browned out.

The final test was conducted with a self-designed automation and battery management system (BMS) for used EV batteries with renewable energy sources. The aim of this automation and BMS was to run domestic loads only in one mode - for example, both batteries would run DC loads as long as there were demands for this and run in AC mode when the DC demands were negligible. The key findings of these tests were that used EV batteries were very efficient when configured for DC loads, and that coordination between selfdesigned BMS and automation can enhance the efficient and sustainable use of used EV batteries – something that can potentially increase the second-life of these batteries up to 6 years.

These results have potentially wider applications, especially with suitable project development through research or knowledge transfer projects (KTP). These applications will be of interest to both policy makers and the battery recycling industries. The crucial conclusion of this project is found in the development of an innovative BMS and automation coordination for used EV batteries – something that will lead to the best outcomes for second-life EV batteries.

By taking the lead on this research, BNU will be at the forefront of developing solutions by involving local industries and recycling centres – something that is certain to galvanise the update of low-cost and sustainable energy storage across domestic and commercial industries, and that is certain to be of interest for policy makers.

This research project was supported by the BNU Policy Support Fund.

Project Morpheus: Examining

the potential to utilise data harmonisation to enhance international organised crime policing capabilities

DR

CHRIS ALLEN SENIOR

LECTURER

School of Aviation and Security

When pursued to its fullest extent, Data Harmonisation (DH) and the idea that all law enforcement information could be pooled and all knowledge shared in the fight against crime is the ultimate dream. In respect of this Project Morpheus is envisaged as a blue-sky thinking piece of research, which will examine the potential for DH systems to enhance existing operational, tactical and strategic capability in the long term.

While the project is named after the god of dreams of Greek mythology, its aims and objectives are based firmly in reality. In 2022 the CEPOL (The European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Training) hosted a conference entitled Preparing Law Enforcement for the Digital Age. This article builds on the themes raised at the conference – themes including the potential of new technology, and the opportunities and challenges this brings when considering both the development of new intelligence databases and the merging of existing ones. Project Morpheus aims to strike a balance between analysing ‘what can we do’ and ‘what should we do’ with the aim of providing food for thought for the current and next generation of police leaders.

Data harmonisation is defined by the organisation Data Sharing for Demographic Research at the University of Michigan as “ all efforts to combine data from different sources and provide users with a comparable view of data from different studies ”. Current approaches to DH vary significantly, depending on the organisation and the level at which it is involved in policing. The findings from Project Morpheus were focused on three key areas:

Issues of DH at the national level

Law enforcement capability in developed nations evidences huge challenges surrounding sharing data on an intra-force and regional level, complicating the task of devising a solution that would by necessity supplant the current abilities of agencies such as Europol or Interpol.

At a local level the situation in the UK is complex, with different forces having different processes and protocols for intelligence sharing and different systems. While there is evidence that some sharing does take place - for example, the organised crime group mapping systemthis is on a very basic level.

Equally, while Western democracies are imperfect in their approach to sharing intelligence, a second major barrier to intelligence sharing is found in the form of infrastructure. While there is a growing trend towards the establishment of cybercrime units in developing countries the issue of access to infrastructure and – in some cases – the provision of even the most basic equipment means that efforts towards data harmonisation are unlikely to represent a priority.

Issues of DH at the international level

Corruption, political considerations and organised crime networks were found by the project to represent serious concerns in relation to the efforts made towards DH. While the capability of the United Kingdom to share and analyse crime-related data is still developing, the worldwide status of development is seen as problematic.

Research for the project has also identified the impact of corruption in compromising the integrity of national law enforcement systems. This was found to be particularly true in the certain regions, where interviewees noted that if researchers from the UK asked for information on certain organisations that the organisations being asked about would likely be informed.

Political considerations were found to have a defined impact on data harmonisation, especially in nations where law enforcement represents one of a number of conflicting priorities. The project predicted that data sharing and harmonisation would be problematic between nation states with whom there are preexisting geopolitical tensions. Where an ideal DH system would include - for example - Russia and China, the requirement of full parity of data sharing has the potential to represent a security risk and would likely prove unpopular with prospective partner nations.

Issues of DH in legal and technological terms

Where within the UK issues are already raised in relation to the police use of cloud storage services these issues are also multipliable by the number of nations involved in projects relating to DH. Equally, issues of human rights – for example, the use of information from the records of a first country leading to a verdict requiring corporal or capital punishment in a second – are seen as of serious concern.

A cost / benefit analysis was also identified as of key importance in relation to DH systems, with a recognition that systems of this type require large investments in both setup and maintenance in order to remain effective. While the private sector may offer solutions on these matters, the commensurate cost of using these solutions was viewed as problematic. Equally, the provision of access to data of this type to private sector companies was identified as a deep concern.

This research, in drawing on the knowledge of a wide range of experts, looks at the mechanics of data harmonisation, and by considering scope, scale, capacity and capability identifies the extent to which this solution could fit into existing international structures. These issues alongside the legality, feasibility and affordability of the system are considered within a paper which is expected to be available via the BNU Repository in late 2023.

This research project was undertaken in collaboration with the Police Foundation and supported by the BNU Policy Support Fund.

Opera as Personal Heritage in Tourism

DR ADRIAN GUACHALLA SENIOR LECTURER

School of Aviation and Security

The COVID-19 pandemic posed extensive challenges to an individual’s engagement with live theatre. Abundant safety-keeping regulations were imposed globally, preventing users from attending staged performances including those taking place at Opera Houses. Stringent travel restrictions also hindered music tourists from traveling to destinations to engage with their personal interest in musical productions.

The article Opera as Personal Heritage in Tourism, recently published in the Journal of Leisure Research, focused on the specific case of opera and ballet. Opera Houses can extend wide-ranging opportunities for music tourists to appreciate high-quality opera and ballet productions and do so at venues that are often rich in heritage and history and which often play significant roles in the visual landscape of the destination. Throughout the pandemic, these cultural

providers were unable to operate live and faced the challenging task of keeping international audiences engaged, leading to the implementation of online engagement tools. Famous providers such as the Royal Opera House in the United Kingdom and the Metropolitan Opera in New York also streamed a number of their productions for free.

Even as the pandemic-related lockdowns began to ease, people were able to stay at home and turned to these free-of-charge online streaming services to engage with their personal musical heritage; for many, the ‘#MetOperaStreams’ became a member of the daily family household. People around the world shared their experiences and views of both the productions and the initiative to provide these free services to keep those interested engaged, motivated and comforted through restrictive and testing times.

This identified a distinct research opportunity to better understand why this type of music and productions are so personally significant to these people, what the factors are that engendered this level of interest, and which contexts enable this type of engagement with the arts.

A qualitative research framework was developed using online questionnaires that enquired about these audiences’ sociodemographic profiles, how they were introduced to this type of culture, why they cherish it, and importantly, how traveling to destinations helps them engage with this interest. 224 results were received in only seven days thanks to the efficient use of social media.

The findings of this study were diverse. One finding was that the tunes of opera finely harmonise with both family connections across generations and with partners. Music tourists of this type tended to have an above-average level of education, but do not consider themselves to be on especially high levels of income and view themselves as belonging to middle / upper age brackets. The respondents saw music tourism as a gateway to experience destination features in alignment with their personal interests in the arts –along with the harmonies, melodies and connections with their personal musical heritage that Opera allowed, demonstrating that this study opens abundant avenues for conducting further case-study based research on the role, image and cultural provisions of specific Opera Houses around the world.

Learning with MediLingo: Decoding medical terminology like a language

NICOLE MCALLISTER ASSOCIATE LECTURER

School of Nursing and Allied Health

TARYN TAVENER-SMITH LECTURER

School of Nursing and Allied Health

Medical terminology is the standardised language used in healthcare, and this is something that students can find challenging to master. Exploratory research indicates that the current provisions to support this learning are outdated. To address this problem, a team at BNU have developed and implemented an innovative language mLearning tool called MediLingo. MediLingo supports healthcare students’ mastery of medical vocabulary in an engaging, self-directed way, meeting personal learning needs in bite-sized lessons that accommodate busy lifestyles.

The Medical Terminology study is well into its third year at BNU. Phase one of this project comprised an initial pilot study, which took place in April 2021. Following the promising initial findings, the pilot was extended in September 2021 to a full study. In both instances, the results suggested that students perceived clear value in receiving dedicated teaching on the linguistic rules of medical terminology and that following completion of a short course, their knowledge and confidence with medical terminology was significantly improved. Undeniably, the data offered a strong argument for providing dedicated teaching of medical terminology. With this in mind, the team felt compelled to develop an evidence-based tool, which could be used to support students to learn medical terminology without having to allocate additional conventional class time to students’ already busy, placement-heavy schedules and lecturers’ teaching commitments.

The solution proposed by the study resulted in the development of an mLearning web-based mobile application, called MediLingo, which stemmed from the sustained collaboration between members of the research team across our Schools (the School of Nursing & Midwifery and the School of Creative & Digital Industries). MediLingo was piloted through a

JONATHAN JACKSON SENIOR LECTURER

School of Creative and Digital Industries

usability study using a qualitative, non-experimental design with a group of undergraduate, pre-registration Registered Nursing Degree Apprenticeship (RNDA) students during January to March 2023.

The aim of this usability pilot study was to explore students’ experiences of using an mLearning application to learn medical terminology like a language as an alternative to attending a short course or formal teaching intervention.

MediLingo incorporated some of the pedagogical approaches and strategies that were central to the online teaching intervention developed for the phase one studies. This includes decoding complex medical terms into simpler word parts (prefixes, roots, and suffixes) to re-construct definitions, using strategies such as flashcards, instructions/lessons and quizzes. At the pilot’s outset, participants signed up to use MediLingo via their mobile phones using their university email accounts and proceeded to use it throughout the pilot’s 3-month duration.

MediLingo provided 395 medical terms and definitions alongside 1262 word parts for participants to access. Participants then attended a focus group to share their perceptions about using MediLingo to learn medical terminology like a language. A thematic analysis was conducted.

The findings indicate that students perceived clear value in learning medical terminology like a language using MediLingo and identified the relevance of this learning to their clinical practice. MediLingo employed a technique known as spaced repetition, a practice commonly used in language learning as a key approach to conveying medical terminology. The results suggest that students saw benefit in the opportunity to repeat the learning of the terms and word parts. MediLingo also provided participants the chance to learn while ‘on the go’ in clinical placement, in university, at home, and even while travelling, which again was evidently valued. The findings of this usability pilot study prove promising and encouraged further development of the content database and features of this mLearning tool. Since the

conclusion of the pilot, MediLingo has been further developed to include 6283 medical terms alongside 1255 word parts for users to access.

The next phase of this research will commence in September 2023, where we plan to recruit a sample of approximately 150 BSc (Hons) nursing students and collect a combination of quantitative and qualitative data to further understand MediLingo’s impact on students’ knowledge and confidence with medical terminology, as well as students’ perceptions of using an mLearning tool for learning medical terminology.

This project was supported through funding from the BNU Impact Centre for the Advancement of Learning.

A Place to Unwind: A Qualitative study to explore the introduction of a Wellbeing Initiative for University Students

MARGARET RIOGA

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR / HEAD OF PRACTICE LEARNING

Institute for Health and Social Care

Many authors explore the complex and multifaceted concept of wellbeing from a theorist perspective – a perspective that differentiates between eudemonic and hedonic wellbeing. Where a 1984 model outlined by Diener described subjective wellbeing as being informed by how an individual perceives their life from a focused or broad perspective, for example, a later model proposed by Ryff in 1989 was focused on psychological wellbeing. For Ryff, the model of wellbeing comprises six components which support the individual in meeting life’s challenges alongside having a sense of purpose and autonomy to enjoy life’s pleasures. This aligns with the eudaemonic approach which is informed by self-contemplation and the individual’s quest to do what is meaningful in the pursuit of self-actualisation and flourishing.

Arguably, the combination of eudemonic and hedonic approaches has been seen as a positive way to promote wellbeing, and this was supported by the PERMA model developed by Seligman. The PERMA model is based on the five building blocks which promote flourishingPositive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishment. This is a recognised model for enhancing wellbeing and promotes supporting the individual to meet their personal and professional potentialengagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. Despite the empirical advancement and evolution of the PERMA scale in different settings, its applicability to open and distance learning (ODL.

Wellbeing is also correlated with mental health and there is a recognition that the introduction of positive psychology interventions (such as tools to support resilience and self-compassion) will enhance intrinsic motivation and engagement. Positive Psychology Interventions (PPI) are tools and strategies that are informed by positive psychology and aim to enhance happiness, wellbeing and positive reframing and emotions. PPI aim to improve subjective and psychological wellbeing through the enhancement of

positive emotions, cognitions and behaviours. This project incorporated PPI within the Wellbeing Groups (Coffee Club) and the Wellbeing Being Champions were trained to utilise PPI on their themselves and others. The development and facilitation of these initiatives was informed by the principles of PERMA.

Wellbeing Group – Coffee Club

Coffee Club was initated to provide a confidential, safe and open space where students could meet, share experiences of studying at university, learn from one another and explore fun interactive PPI activities. Coffee Club was evaluated by focus groups with the group participants. The focus groups identified a number of key themes – firstly that the Coffee Club provided ‘[a] place to unwind, relax and get things off your chest, like, your deepest emotion that you can’t say to any other person’ (Respondent F1). The groups were mainly attended by the same core group of students weekly, and the group participants felt they were able to share experiences within the group and looked forward to the sessions.

Respondents also highlighted that the Coffee Club offered the opportunity to learn new things, and the group discussions and activities supported the participants to enhance their skills and knowledge, particularly in relation to managing the stress associated with studying a programme. When explored further, the participants shared how the PPI helped them to develop their self-awareness and mental wellbeing (‘It made me understand my own feelings, expressing my own emotions, and be more self-aware about myself. It just reminds me that I need to look after myself as a person’, Respondent F4).

The core group of students that attended the groups in High Wycombe and Uxbridge also began to develop as a circle of friends, where participants felt they ‘were able to speak freely even when it’s personal issues’ (Respondent M1). Participants also felt that the Coffee Club provided a space where ‘we were heard’ (Respondent FG2 F1) based on the non-judgemental ethos of the group that encouraged openness and honesty about their experiences, and this authenticity promoted the development of a community and peer support.

Wellbeing Champions

Wellbeing Champions are role models and ambassadors, championing a range of health and positive psychology approaches to support the health and wellbeing of university students.

The project recruited and trained a cohort of 17 Wellbeing Champions, comprised of students from a range of programmes across the university in 2nd and 3rd year. The programme equipped the Wellbeing Champions with the tools to enhance their own wellbeing so that they could be resilient, innovative and successful in their personal and professional roles.

The success of the Wellbeing Champions meant that the whole group have completed their programmes of study and are either progressing to MSc study/final year of study or new employment opportunities. The Wellbeing Champions used the PPI within their personal lives and also within their study, and have also supported others within their roles as Senior Residents and Student Ambassadors. Over and above the personal support

Coffee Club and the Wellbeing Champions programme have provided students with the opportunity to actively engage with the PERMA principles and, in doing so, find fulfilment and a renewed sense of enthusiasm for their study and conquering life’s challenges. In both initiatives, the students benefited from forming new relationships and together created a community of non-judgement, learning and support. This study has showcased the importance of nurturing the wellbeing of students as this enhances engagement with their studies and adoption of positive coping strategies for personal and academic challenges. Only a select number of students participated in the initiatives and, going forward, it would be beneficial for programmes to incorporate PPI as a thread within the curricula so as to reach a wider network of students and sustain the benefits to their wellbeing.

We would like to acknowledge the work and commitment of the Wellbeing Project Facilitators –Annice Powell (Safeguarding Lead), Sana Wasiq (Senior Mental Health Advisor), Mike Anjoyeb (Senior Lecturer, Mental Health Nursing), Brian Shepperd (Senior Lecturer, Mental Health Nursing), Heather Wilcox (Field Lead, Mental Health Nursing), Katie Smith (Project Co-Ordinator, Student Union) and Javier Alonso Laso (Senior Accommodation Officer).

DR FIONA MCCORMACK ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR School

of Human and Social Sciences

In 2022 the UK government published their ‘Levelling Up’ White Paper with the aim to address inequalities and setting some ambitious targets for both health and wellbeing by 2030. In response Buckinghamshire launched the ‘Opportunity Bucks’ programme, which focuses on 10 wards in Buckinghamshire across 3 areas where people are experiencing the most hardship. Two key aspects of the programme are ensuring that everyone has good mental and physical wellbeing and access to good quality food.

The aim of this project was to understand the barriers to a balanced healthy diet and/or being physically active among low-income groups. The project utilised an interpretative qualitative approach that sought to capture key details of the motivations and everyday experiences of residents in the ‘levelling up’ areas of the county identified by the Opportunity Bucks Programmes. Participants were recruited through the public health team and local food banks, following which focus groups lasting approximately 60 minutes were conducted with four groups of residents. The data produced was then put through a framework analysis using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour model (COM-B) to assess the barriers to a balanced healthy diet and/or being physically active.

While many recent interventions to address healthy eating and physical activity levels have focussed on building knowledge and information, this has been based on an assumption that lack of knowledge or awareness was a significant factor in poor diets and lack of physical activity. However, in this study all participants demonstrated a good level of knowledge - particularly around healthy eating but also in terms of physical activity. This supports the findings of other studies such as the work of Maddy Power et al from 2021 which concluded that a lack of knowledge was not a factor in the health choices of her UK respondents.

The analysis of knowledge and awareness in this study led to the conclusion that the knowledge of both healthy eating and physical activity was satisfactory, but the participants focussed almost entirely on their children. In many cases it seemed that the personal benefits for themselves were being overlooked. While this information may need some personalised delivery, a starting point could be to adopt information such as used in Australia which has presented simple web-based information which seeks to motivate parents to engage in healthy eating and physical activity themselves to benefit their children.

Since the participants in this study possessed the knowledge and skills to recognise healthy options and eating choices for themselves and their children, it was recognised that any improvements would need to focus on identifying and removing other structural barriers. For the respondents, income and the food environment they experienced significantly reduced choices. The themes identified around choice were income and cost, the food environment, waste and enjoyment.

In terms of physical activity, cost was also a significant theme as financial accessibility was a significant barrier for the respondents who reported concerns that the effective financial support for accessing the leisure facilities in their region was. Low cost or free access to leisure has been shown in important in incentivising physical activity; however, since the pandemic many of these discounted schemes appear to be less well marketed by their providers. Several residents expressed that there were significant barriers to access, most prominently in the form of cost, membership and pre-booking.

Understanding the barriers experienced by low-income groups to experiencing physical activity and healthy eating.

An initial investigation of the available provision reveals that some of these barriers could be removed by clearer and more inclusive wording on the websites. By comparing the information provided by other regions it was clear that one off bookings were ‘hidden’ on the organisational landing page. By contrast, the landing pages of other regions appeared to offer new visitors the opportunity to immediately see the options available to them (for example, to book a single visit), while organisations in Buckinghamshire landing pages used vocabulary such as ‘membership’, with additional conditions such as a joining fee. The participants also perceived that COVID restrictions had changed the accessibility to sports and leisure centres, and that this was possibly related to restrictions as these centres reopened - but the legacy of perceived barriers remained. This research established that effective behaviour change in low-income groups requires sustained personal intervention. The style of personal intervention was also found to be important, and differed in relation to healthy eating and physical activity.

For healthy eating, support for self-monitoring delivery through personal contact and targeting multiple behaviours were seen as potentially successful methods for supporting behaviour change. However, participants found some interventions unhelpful and confusing - such as information about emotional consequences, or using health ‘threats’ which participants felt were designed with the aim of evoking negative feelings. Where an approach tended to elicit negative feelings this was also believed to lead to repeated negative behaviour (for example, comfort eating). It was found that physical activity interventions would also be more likely to be effective if they included behavioural practice or instruction and took place in home/community settings. This project was supported by the BNU Policy Support Fund / Strategic Priorities Fund in 2022 / 2023, and was conducted in collaboration with Buckinghamshire Public Health.

Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Football Players

PHILIP WOODBRIDGE PHD CANDIDATE

School of Human and Social Sciences

Interest and participation in female football is on the increase. The 2023 Women’s World Cup in Australia and New Zealand is set to break the record audience figures for the tournament set in France in 2019 of 993 million viewers, a 30% increase on the previous tournament in 2015. Despite this increase in popularity and participation our knowledge and understanding of the female player, through scientific study, is below that of equivalent male players. Research into the female football player has also predominantly been in elite and international level players but still lags behind research into male players. We know less about the increasing numbers of players at the recreational level, their dietary habits, nutrition knowledge and risk of deficiencies.

The study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, sports nutrition knowledge and risk of Low Energy Availability (LEA) in recreational female football players. The objectives of the study were to:

‐ Quantify nutritional intakes and compare them to current recommendations.

‐ Assess nutritional knowledge in female football players.

‐ Quantify the risk of Low Energy Availability (LEA) through measures of energy intake and a validated screening tool.

‐ Identify any differences between players identified as at risk of LEA (risk group) and not at risk (non-risk group).

Players were recruited from Tier 4-5 clubs of the female domestic league in England (n=54) aged 22.7 years ± 6.1, weight 64.7kg ± 8.4, height 165.9cm ± 5.7. Nutritional intake was quantified using 3-day food diaries, sports nutrition knowledge was assessed using the 88-item

Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (SNKQ) and the risk of LEA was assessed using the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q).

The results of the study made it evident that LEA, assessed through dietary intake, was identified in 55.6% of the players using the cut-off of 30g/kg fat free mass (FFM). Mean energy intake (1730 kcal) was identified as significantly lower than the energy intake targets calculated (2195 kcal) (p<0.001). The mean score for the SNKQ was 55.6% ± 10.6 with 29.6% identified as having poor nutritional knowledge. Nutritional knowledge was found to have a weak positive correlation with energy intake (r=0.305) and energy availability (r=0.268). The LEAF-Q questionnaire identified 42.6% of the players as above the threshold for risk of LEA. Players at risk of LEA had lower sports nutrition knowledge scores (53.7% ± 9.7) compared to the non-risk players (59.3% ± 11.3) (p=.042). The at-risk players were significantly younger (21.2 ± 5.1 versus 25.9 ± 6.3) (p=0.016) heavier (67.1kg versus 59.9kg) (p=0.002) with higher percentage body fat (27.3 ± 6.4 versus 23.7 ± 5.4) (p=0.026) than the non-risk players.

The results of the current study suggest that recreational female football players are at a high risk of developing LEA. The LEAF-Q questionnaire identified high levels of risk and symptoms of LEA, including injury. Sports nutrition knowledge was identified as only average within this group of players. The younger, heavier players with higher percentage body fat and fat free mass, struggled to meet their higher energy needs. Sports nutrition education interventions are recommended to help recreational female football players to understand their greater energy intake requirements to support playing and training. Improvements in energy intake will aim to reduce the risk of developing symptoms of LEA, including injury.

Knowledge Exchange (KE) and Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTPs)

Exciting News in Knowledge Transfer Partnerships

BNU’s two active Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTPs) have successfully launched, with both Associates having now commenced their vital work. In July 2023 the first Local Management Committees for these projects were held, and the enthusiasm among the teams was palpable in embarking on the journey to foster ground-breaking research that will see participating businesses introducing innovative management strategies and revolutionary products.

African Agriculture Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (AAKTP) – EOI Applications Submitted

In July the Enterprise Unit at BNU submitted two expression of interest applications for the African Agriculture Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (AAKTP). A favourable response in September will pave the way for submitting full applications on the Innovation Funding Service platform. Both of these projects have selected Ghana as their operational base, where they seek to make a lasting impact on local communities.

Project 1: Empowering Women and Enhancing Shea Nut Processing

This project, a collaboration between BNU, University for Development Studies and Northern Foods and Agricultural Complex Limited Ghana, aims to transfer shea nut solar roasting and shea butter mechanical extraction technologies to the business partner. In Ghana’s shea value chain, rural women workers play a significant role in collecting and processing shea nuts into butter and other products. The introduction of solar technology will markedly reduce workplace injuries caused by snake, insect, and reptile bites. Furthermore, women workers will receive training to operate the solar roasting system, eliminating the risks associated with smoke and fire from traditional fuel methods. This innovative project will enable the business partner to seek Fair Trade and Ecocert accreditation for the higher quality shea butter produced, thereby increasing market value and export potential. It will also promote sustainability by reducing the reliance on firewood, curbing deforestation, improving air quality, and minimizing waste production, leading to a positive environmental impact.

Project 2: Scaling Up Vanilla Cultivation and Empowering Local Farmers

In another exciting partnership, BNU, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, and AgroLivelihoods Ghana have joined hands to empower local farmers and scale up the cultivation of Vanilla planifolia in Ghana. The project involves establishing a central nursery, providing training to out-grower farmers on vanilla agronomy and curing, and managing the entire farm, including data collection for scientific purposes. Intercropping vanilla into over 2000 hectares of degraded land will be carried out in modified taungya plantations, thereby catering to both local consumption and export demands. Local farmers will receive valuable training in agribusiness principles and procedures, and the generated profits will support further education and knowledge assimilation within the farming community.

Knowledge Exchange Opportunities in September 2023

September 2023 will mark the beginning of new method for converting knowledge into impact at BNU. Academics will gain access to an array of resources provided through KEVRI – resources that are designed to demystify, identify, and capture knowledge exchange ideas and projects. The offerings include:

Academic Engagement Virtual Events:

An exciting series of virtual events to foster academic engagement in the realm of knowledge exchange.

Online Knowledge Exchange Course (self-paced):

A comprehensive, self-paced course to help academics navigate the landscape of knowledge exchange, covering essential topics such as knowledge exchange frameworks, concordats, and impact assessment.

Digital Impact Planning Tool:

This powerful tool will be introduced through upcoming webinars, allowing participants to match their ideas with relevant metrics, produce compelling case studies, define their road to impact and easily track project development.

These initiatives signify our commitment to fostering innovation, empowering local communities, and driving impactful research.

Graduate School News and Awards

Fiona McCormack

DR FIONA MCCORMACK HEAD OF GRADUATE SCHOOL

It has been a busy end to the academic year 22/23 and we completed the year celebrating at graduation with Matthew Amoah. Earlier in the year, we successfully completed our partnership review with Staffordshire University, which highlighted opportunities to extend our collaboration in research activity and provision –something we hope will enhance our research student experience allowing greater interaction with other academics and research students. We were delighted to gain a top 10 place in the PRES survey for the second year in succession – it is a credit to our staff that we are ranked first for research supervision, culture, community and responsibilities out of 100 universities nationally. We have welcomed a new Postgraduate Student Representative, Gurpreet Singh, and our thanks go to Uchenna Nweke for all his contributions to student life during his time as the previous representative.

We continue to develop our support and resources for our PhD student community, including the recent purchases of new desktops for the postgraduate student study room. Alongside this we have recognised that

student working practice is changing and we have also invested in a number of high-power laptops and digital audio recorders that students can borrow to support offsite data collection and analysis. Our research students continue to be busily engaged across a wide variety of projects including the areas of physiotherapy, health and wellbeing, sport, design and psychology. Our students have also had opportunities to engage in conferences and external events, such as:

• Asshur Sinclair, who attended a practitioner conference on wellbeing in sport at Loughborough University;

• Phil Woodbridge, who presented a poster on sports nutrition in Liverpool;

• Bridget Makande, who attended the GuildHE Research Doctoral Festival;

• Margaret Rioga, who presented at the 8th International Nurse Education Conference;

• John Knight, who presented at both the Advance HE Learning and Teaching Conference 2023 and the Assessment in Higher Education 2023 event;

• and Obinna Okeke, who presented their findings at the 27th International Symposium on Logistics (ISL 2023).

We ran an extensive programme of workshops to support our research students including topics such as physical wellbeing, time management and publication to compliment the more traditional research design sessions. A highlight of the year is always the research colloquium, where in June we were delighted to hear from four of our research students across different stages of their research at BNU – and more details of this are found in this issue’s Colloquium report.

For the 2023 / 2024 year we are delighted that postgraduate student applications have increased significantly this year, and we look forward to welcoming our new students in October.

I was awarded ‘outstanding student of the year’ by the university. These factors meant that I was keen to research further in engineering education and the teaching methods being used in the Higher Education (HE) sector – a sector that has followed same teaching methodologies for a long time. When COVID-19 pandemic struck this added the urgency for me to further research the methods of engineering education.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many institutions using blended learning – an approach that a number of institutions were not prepared for, and for which there was not existing guidance. In most cases the physical classroom moved to online provision, again with limited proper planning – or without proper planning at all. This placed some students at a disadvantage; engineering courses at higher education level are hugely practical, creating a major challenge that proved difficult to overcome. While a range of software tools exist that can be used to give a semblance of practical appreciation, this is not the same as, for example, building a circuit in an electronics laboratory. It is against this backdrop that I began to think of ways of improving the student experience, and to address the issue of how blended learning can be designed to ensure that engineering students do not miss out on practical elements.

Graduate School

Research Student Profile: Ravinder Kaur

Research Title: “ Widening the Participation to Engineering of Disadvantaged Communities Through the Use of Accessible Technologies and Flexible Learning ”.

I completed my master’s degree in electronic and telecommunication engineering in 2010 in India. While undertaking my master’s degree, I was teaching and supporting the Bachelors in Engineering (BEng) and Masters in Engineering (MEng) degree students and since starting this teaching since 2007 (to higher education engineering students) I continuously felt that the teaching methods and techniques could be improved. I came to the UK in 2014 to pursue a PGCE at Oxford Brookes university, and on completion

The intention of my research is to propose a system which can be accessed remotely for the improvement of the learning experience - making learning flexible, inclusive and designed around the needs of the students. An innovative programme delivery in engineering will have defined impacts for students by giving them a realworld experience that prepares them for the challenges of the workplace. This research will encourage communities to learn through the use of accessible technologies and flexible learning, in line with the BNU’s Thrive 2028 Impact Strategy.

Research Student Colloquium June 2023

The Research Student Colloquium programme at BNU offers our ever-growing body of postgraduate students the opportunity to present on their current research to an audience of their peers. These colloquia allow postgraduate students the chance to develop their experience of presenting their research, receiving feedback and discussing their ongoing work in a supportive and welcoming environment.

The June 2023 Research Student Colloquium event was introduced by Dr Fiona McCormack. Attendees were invited to view presentations from four PhD students:

Vice-Chancellor’s Studentship Recipients

Sonja Cimelli

‐ Breaking and the Olympics: An Actor-Network Theory Exploration of Breaking’s Judging System

Asshur Sinclair

‐ Wellbeing Support in the Talent Pathway

PhD Research Students

Uchenna Nweke

‐ Findings of Study on the Effectiveness of SectorBased Umbrella Bodies in Enhancing Legitimacy, Accountability, and Organisational Performance of Independent Churches

Obinna Okeke

‐ An Assessment of a Benchmarked ThirdParty Logistics Potentialities in Nigeria and a Development of a Nigerian Third-Party Decision Support Framework

Research Student Colloquium events take place at BNU three times per year, with the next event due to take place on 22 November 2023.

Conference Roundups

RUTH TROUT SENIOR LECTURER

School of Nursing and Allied Health

European Association of Neuroscience Nurses Quadrennial Congress

During May 2023, Ruth attended the European Association of Neuroscience Nurses Quadrennial Congress in Reykjavik, Iceland. Ruth, along with Claire Lynch of Birmingham City University, presented the findings of the audit ‘An evaluation of learning and role development following completion of a Neuroscience Care course’, which was designed by the authors and run at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust.

The bespoke course was written for several reasons. While there are increasing numbers of people with neurological conditions – people who represent a complex patient group with specialist care needs – staff in this area of neuroscience feel education provision in this speciality is sparse. This is despite the recognition that advanced training is vital to ensure high quality care. Many neuroscience nursing courses in the UK are no longer running due to small student cohorts, and the courses that were running were either cost prohibitive or geographically too far away for students from the West Midlands to attend.

The multidisciplinary course is run over twelve teaching weeks and is available at Degree and Masters’ levels. Students successfully completing the course are awarded 30 academic credits. The first run of the module was in 2017 and it has run every year since apart from in 2020, during the pandemic. There have been approximately 100 students completing the course in that time, and the course is evaluated and modified after each run.

The authors felt it was time for a more in-depth evaluation of the impact of the course and therefore designed an audit tool with the following aims:

‐ To gain an insight into how students clinical practice and role has changed since completing the course

‐ To evaluate the impact of the course on students’ practice

‐ To then use the data to inform the review and ongoing delivery of the neuroscience course in Birmingham.

For the audit a questionnaire was designed and piloted on a limited participant group to ensure clarity of understanding. Following this as many previous students as possible were contacted, and although this yielded a low response rate the data gathered from the questionnaire yielded a number of interesting responses from students who graduated between 2019 and 2022. Clear quantitative and qualitative evidence was collected which suggested that students changed their practice and gained confidence after completing the course. The evidence from the audit suggested that:

‐ Students were more likely to engage in discussions with and escalate concerns to medical staff.

‐ They were more likely to teach colleagues and/ or implement changes in practice to improve the quality of care delivered.

‐ Students believed the course aided their career progression and many had been promoted. They particularly appreciated the anatomy and physiology elements of the teaching and academic and research skills sessions.

‐ Key performance indicators and retention data was positive, validating the financial and resource commitment from the hospital trust.

The strengths of the audit were found in the use of a piloted data collection tool and the subsequent data collection of both quantitative and qualitative data. At the same time the limitations raised included recruitment using a convenience sample – a method that resulted in a low response rate – and the potential for recollection issues or bias. Even with this consciously accounted for, the conclusions of the research indicated that the neuroscience management and care course is a valuable (and valued) resource for students which explicitly positively impacts students and implicitly improves patient experience.

11th International Conference on Tourism

DR ADRIAN GUACHALLA, SENIOR LECTURER

School of Aviation and Security

Between the 21st and 23rd of June 2023 Adrian attended the 11th International Conference on Tourism, an event organised by the International Association of Tourism (IATOUR) in collaboration with Middlesex University and the European University Cyprus and held in Nicosia, Cyprus.

At the conference Adrian presented their paper entitled ‘Cultural consumption of performing arts through the pandemic: How Opera Houses and their tourists coped’ , where this research contributed towards the overall theme of the event, Innovative Sustainable Practices in Travel and Tourism: Recovery and Resilience. Adrian’s presentation disseminated the findings stemming from the research paper Opera as Personal Heritage in Tourism, published in the Journal of Leisure Research

in May 2023. This paper focused on the factors that engender an interest in opera resulting in people traveling to operatic destinations to engage with this personal leisurely pursuit. The presentation focused on the methodological aspects that informed the paper – including an outline of the qualitative research procedures.

Dr Guachalla was able to discuss their presentation afterwards with Professor Mihalis Karavatzis from Manchester Metropolitan University – a worldwide specialist in place marketing and the keynote opening speaker at the conference, who later at the event received a lifetime achievement for their contributions to tourism studies.

Conferences

Ansbro, Maria (2023), An examination of the UK Sex Offender Register twenty-five years after its inception: which aspects are effective and proportionate, and which are in need of updating? At: British Society of Criminology Conference, 27 – 30 June, UCLAN, Preston.

Devine, Jonathan (2023), What are the lived experiences of students with neurodevelopmental disorders studying on pre-registration healthcare programmes? At: Advance HE Learning and Teaching Conference 4-6 July 2023, AdvanceHE, Keele University.

Fields, Paul (2023) Just a Noisy Hall, Where There’s a Nightly Brawl, and All That Punk. At: Postgraduate Research Conference, 09/06/2023, University of Southampton.

Fields, Paul (2023) “We Need a Fresh and New Religion to Run Our Lives: To What Extent Can We See Lynch’s (2005) Functions of Religion in Contemporary Punk Rock?”. At: Punk Scholars Network USA/Canada 2023 Conference, 8 – 9 August 2023, Punk Scholars Network, Chicago at DePaul University.

Guachalla, Adrian (2023), Innovative Sustainable Practices in Travel and Tourism: Recovery and Resilience. At: International Conferences on Tourism (ICOT), 21-24 June 2023, Nicosia, Cyprus

Hayward, Melanie (2023), ‘We are all in this together’: Building the #WeNurseAcademic community. At: RCN Education Conference and Exhibition, 25 – 26 April 2023, Royal College of Nursing, Birmingham Conference and Events Centre

Inniss, Karla and Lee-Price, Simon (2023) Words and action: Delivering a project to define and challenge Islamophobia. At: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Conference 2023: The Shoulders of Giants: Listening, Learning and Improving our Practice, 15-16 March 2023, Hull.

Kielb, Michal, Lynch, Claire and Trout, Ruth (2023) Neuroscience education – Evaluating the impact of a bespoke University validated ‘Neuroscience Care and Management’ course. At: EANN Congress, 25 - 27 May 2023, Hilton Reykjavik.

Knight, John (2023), Creating effective assignment briefs to promote inclusive assessment practice. At: Advance HE Learning and Teaching Conference, 4 –6 July 2023, Keele University

Knight, John (2023), ‘Promoting inclusive assessment practice and student wellbeing through effective assignment brief design’. At: Assessment in Higher Education annual conference, 22-23 June 2023, Assessment in Higher Education Network (AHE), Manchester.

Makande, Bridget (2023), “I felt we were being used like guinea pigs.”: COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy among older minority ethnic people in the United Kingdom. At: Social Policy Association (SPA) Conference

5 – 7 July 2023, Nottingham: University of Nottingham

McCormack, Fiona (2023), Sporting experiences in the university setting: bringing ‘sport for all’ to the student community. At: 2023 World Congress on the Sociology of Sport. 14-17 August 2023. Ottowa, Canada

Nevin, Jonpaul (2023), Thematic Session: Human Performance Optimisation (HPO) for the Warfighter: Keeping it Simple in a Complex Age. At: 6th International Congress on Soldiers Physical Performance (ICSPP), 12-14 September 2023, Ministry of Defence, Excel Centre (London) Okeke, Obinna (PhD Student), (2023), An assessment of logistics outsourcing potentialities in Nigeria. At: International Symposium on Logistics (University of Nottingham), 9 – 12 July 2023, University of Twente, Enschede Netherlands

Psarologaki, Liana (2023), “Sensing As… From Quorum Sensing to Immersion – a Posthuman Symptomatology”, in: 18th International Conference on Contemporary Narratives, “Recent Approaches to the Posthuman: Cultural Reflections on the (Post) Human Condition” Posthumanity and Social Change Research Project, University of Zaragoza, 15-17 May 2023, Zaragoza, Spain.

Rochon, Rebecca (2023), Measuring what matters: the missing affective in assessment. Assessment in Higher Education annual conference, 2223 June 2023, Assessment in Higher Education Network (AHE), Manchester.

Rochon, Rebecca and Smith, Matthew (2023), Think about yourSELF: reflection as a tool for both learning and wellbeing. At: AdvanceHE Annual Learning and Teaching Conference 22-23 June 2023, AdvanceHE, Keele University.

Warnock-Smith, David (2023), The ASEAN-EU Comprehensive Air Transport Agreement: Investigating Implications on Competitive Dynamics Between ASEAN and EU Carriers. At: Air Transport Research Society Conference 2023, Air Transport Research Society (ATRS), Kobe, Japan.

Wolski, Urszula (2023), Gender inequalities in sport – exploring the experiences of female coaches. At: Sport and Discrimination Conference, 23 June 2023, Erasmus University, Rotterdam.

Allen, Christopher (2023) A case study on business techniques and how can they be applied to analysing OCGs in a police setting. Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University.

Amoah, Matthew (2023) Geographical and Climate Change Implications on Solar Photovoltaic Performance. Thesis, Buckinghamshire New University (Awarded by Staffordshire University).

Ares-Mazás, E., Lakshmi, K. Vijaya, Pal, S., Dhodapkar, R. and McGuigan, K.G . (2023) Good optical transparency is not an essential requirement for effective solar water disinfection (SODIS) containers. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 11 (3)

Dairo, Yetunde ; Marion, Hammond; John, Norris; Meriel and Williams, Annabel (2022) A racial Inclusivity training resource for physiotherapy practice education: Evaluation Report 2022. [Report]

Dunn, Hannah and Sims, Ceri M . (2022) An exploration of the awareness, use and impact of selfcompassion practices amongst UK teachers of adolescent students. European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 6 (13). pp. 1-14. ISSN 2397-7116

Gaughan, Sarah and Williams, Mary (2023) The holistic management of malignant bowel obstruction in women with advanced ovarian cancer at end of life. British journal of nursing (Mark Allen Publishing), 32 (12). pp. 550-555. ISSN 0966-0461

Guachalla, Adrian (2023) Opera as personal heritage in tourism. Journal of Leisure Research. ISSN 21596417 (In Press)

Jones, Lisa , Nguyen, Thuy-Vy, Thomas, Virginia, Weinstein, Netta, Hewings, Robin, Smith, Matthew D and Cseh, Genevieve (2023) Positive Connections and Solitude: Contribution to Loneliness Interventions and Policy Development. Documentation. Buckinghamshire New University.

Kwakwa, Jenny and Trout, Ruth (2016) Training to promote dementia support. Nursing Times, 112 (25). pp. 20-23. ISSN 0954-7762

Lee-Price, Simon (2022) Bedshare. In: Sleepwalk: Anthology of Horror Fiction. Culture Cult Press, pp. 139-154.

Lippitt, Patricia, Itani, Nadine, O’Connell, John F., Warnock-Smith, David and Efthymiou, Marina (2023) Investigating Airline Service Quality from a Business Traveller Perspective through the Integration of the Kano Model and Importance–Satisfaction Analysis. Sustainability, 15 (8).

Millernas, Helen and Hayward, Melanie (2023) The effect of infantmaternal attachment on teenage mental health and behaviour. British Journal of Child Health, 4.

Nevin, Jonpaul (2023) The Relationship Between Isometric MidThigh Pull Force-Time Characteristics and 2-km Load Carrying Performance in Trained British Army Soldiers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. ISSN 1064-8011 (In Press)

Noyce, Alastair J, Dierickx, Kris, Frisoni, Giovanni B, Heilbron, Karl, Mitchell, Susan, Trout, Ruth , van der Filer, Wiesje M, Charlotte, Warren-Gash and Gavin, Giovannoni (2023) Time matters: a call to protect brain health via primary prevention strategies. The Lancet Public Health. ISSN 2468-2667

O’Dowd, Kris, Martínez-García, Azahara, Oller, Isabel, Polo-López, María Inmaculada, Couso-Pérez, Seila, Ares-Mazás, Elvira, GómezCouso, Hipólito, García-Gil, Ángela, Marugán, Javier, Marasini, Ramesh , McGuigan, Kevin G. and Pillai, Suresh C. (2023) Efficient solar disinfection (SODIS) using polypropylene based transparent jerrycans: An investigation into its effectiveness, viability, and water sample toxicity. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. p. 109787. ISSN 22133437

Polo-López, M. Inmaculada, MartínezGarcía, Azahara, Abeledo-Lameiro, Maria Jesus, Buck, Lyndon, Marasini, Ramesh , Marugán, Javier, García-Gil, Ángela, Morse, Tracy, Brockliss, S, Ferrero, G, Lungu, Kingsley, Teferi, M, Asmelash, T, Gomez-Couso, H,

Fernández-Ibáñez, Pilar, Dhodapkar, R, Sawant, B and McGuigan, Kevin G. (2022) Design and Evaluation of Large-volume Transparent Plastic Containers for Water Remediation by Solar Disinfection. In: Photo- and Electrochemical Water Treatment: For the Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concern. Chemistry in the Environment . Royal Society of Chemistry, pp. 140-171.

O’Dowd, Kris, Martínez-García, Azahara, Oller, Isabel, Polo-López, María Inmaculada, Couso-Pérez, Seila, Ares-Mazás, Elvira, Gómez-Couso, Hipólito, García-Gil, Ángela, Marugán, Javier, Marasini, Ramesh , McGuigan, Kevin G. and Pillai, Suresh C. (2023) Efficient solar disinfection (SODIS) using polypropylene based transparent jerrycans: An investigation into its effectiveness, viability, and water sample toxicity. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.

Shelton, James (2023) Review of: The early years of television and the BBC. Early Popular Visual Culture. pp. 1-2.

Shelton, James (2023) Review of: Cyberpunk Culture and Psychology: Seeing through the Mirrorshades, Anna Mcfarlane (2022). Journal of Gaming & Virtual Worlds, 15 (1). pp. 86-89. ISSN 1757-1928

Shelton, James (2023) Review of: The early years of television and the BBC. Early Popular Visual Culture, 21 (3). pp. 397-398. ISSN 1746-0662

Shelton, James (2022) Review of: Creative Practice Research in the Age of Neoliberal Hopelessness, Agnieszka Piotrowska (ed.) (2020). Journal of Screenwriting, 13 (2). pp. 267-270. ISSN 1759-7145

Tavener-Smith, Taryn (2023). Fragmentation and Reconstitution of Characters across Temporal Space in Cloud Atlas, Interdisciplinary Journal of Mobility Studies, 12(3).

Tufton, Lauren R ., Kentzer, Nichola and Kingsley, Barbara E . (2023) The Human–Horse Relationship: Human Direct and Meta Perceptions of Its Importance for Performance and Welfare in Equestrian Sport. Anthrozoös. pp. 1-18. ISSN 1753-0377

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