DIGITAL DESIGN + FABRICATION SM1, 2016 THE Obscure shell Hang Lui Bud Lo
(723261) Lyle + Group 8
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MODULE 1 IDEATION
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M1 OBJECT
15cm
15cm
Measured Drawings
ELEVATION
SECTION
PLAN
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M1 OBJECT
Dimensions: Total Height 30cm, Fruit 15cm, Leaves 15cm, the largest diameter of the fruit is 9cm. How to measure: Mark cm intervals on the wall, place the pineapple where it leans against the wall, then use a book to place just on top of the leaves creating a 90 degree between the wall and the book, and find out the total height. Use the same method for the height of the fruit but place the book beside it instead. Find the circumference with a flexible rule, then divide by 3.14 to get the diameter of the fruit. I inserted an elevation of the pineapple vertically and a drawed plan horizontally, then I started to build the pineapple on the plan. When I finished the structure, I removed the pictures and started doing the surface of the fruit.
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M1 ANALYSIS A
B A
B
SECTIONS 7
M1 ANALYSIS
Leaves have a radial form from the top view, the taller leaves are more close to the cener while vice versa. The skin of the pineapple is formed by many hexagons, each hexagon connects with 5 more hexagons.
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M1 VOLUME
Reconfigured Material System Panel and Folding Use 8 hexagons as the base, then connect 7 hexagons together. Make 6 of this unit and connect them on each of the side on the base. Connect the units with two of the hexagons. It creates different polygons for example rectangles and heptagons. The model can be squeezed and gives out a lot of different shapes like the cootie catcher.
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M1 SKETCH DESIGN PROPOSALS Secured in the Spaceship
Giving security to the front and the back so the person cannot see the outside and sleep in secured.
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Comfort in Obscure
No one can see inside, giving a mysterious feeling while it is protecting more personal space in the front than the back.
The Open Secret Box
Gives protection to the front and the back yet the top part is opened to alert when anything happens.
M1 CONCLUSION
I tried the method of drawing the croissant to draw the section of my pineapple. When I did the reading, I did not understand quite well but through practice I somehow understand what’s going on. However I think I have to work more on Rhino, I tried a lot of method of drawing a pineapple on Rhino but still they did not satisfy me, when I read the reading on Rhino I actually understood it but I believed “Practice makes perfect”. After a lot of practice, I can utilize it easily. Regarding personal space, I think everyone’s personal space is different, it may also changes due to environment. (Sommer, 1969) I designed sleeping pod which can be used even when people are standing. Back to my own city, Hong Kong, the pace is fast and it is a common thing to see people taking a nap when they are standing in buses or metros. Therefore, I designed something which can be carried around and you feel comfortable when sleeping inside. Especially in Hong Kong, it is always crowded in public transport so my sleeping pods protect the user in 360 degrees. (Miralles & Pinos, 1988/1991)
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MODULE 2 DESIGN (TEAM: BUD LO, CALVIN LIM, CHRIS SUN)
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M2 DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT Sketch Design Development
We first focus on a particular sleeping position and investigate how this position could be improved to have more comfort with our sleeping pot. This largely involves the study of support needed in that sleeping position which involves the constructing technique used in phase one.
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M2 DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT
In phase one, the design concepts involves few very different technique to construct each model, which all of them involves paneling and folding. As we agreed sleep associate with comfort in phase one proposal, the idea of personal space and comfort became the main aspects that were taken forward to further develop the design. For phase one, we focused on panelling hexagons. However, the flexibility for the panels to move in hexagons is not as high as the other polygons. As we are designing something that can curve and protect ones personal space by fusing the sleeping pod with the desk they are sleeping on, we found that triangles are more flexible in these areas and create potential developing space.
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M2 PRECEDENT Panelling - Geometry - Scale - Transformation
Triangles in different scales
Huyghe + Le Corbusier Puppet Theatre
Panelling with multiple similar geometrical shapes creates possibilities of great transformation. For example, playing around with extrusion and intrusion technique with a particular geometrical shape such as a triangle can result in creating a sense of space and texture. With one simple principle of arranging the shapes in different levels can create different depth in a defined area. By having different scale for the triangles, the ultimate form it creates can differ from a uniform scale of triangles.
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M2 1ST DESIGN
Focusing on this specific sleeping position, we had produced these sleeping pod concepts to enhance the experience of resting your head against the table while reserving the personal spaces for extra comfort.
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M2 1ST DESIGN
We design for someone who can sleep on the desk in the campus. Usually students use hands to support their heads if they take a nap on the desk. We design a sleeping pod which is particularly for this sleeping gesture, it is to be put on table and the user is supposed to rest his/her head inside of it. this structure is for supporting the forehead. In order to ensure the environment within the design is comfortable for the user, we had also included some fabric at the sides. As the fabric allows air to flow in and out of the head rest, it is also semi-translucent to maintain sufficient personal space for the user. We combined the main concepts from the previous refined miodel of all members. We use panelling at the back to protect the personal space near the neck area, the fabric on the side creates a hatching pattern which we got it from the pattern of the surface of the pineapple.
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M2 2ND DESIGN
Left Elevation
The idea of emerging is reflected in this design through its form and the variation of scale in each planes. The dynamic form provides the sense of direction as per how the viewer is going to perceive it.
Triangle panels
Supporting forhead
Plan
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Right Elevation
33cm
M2 2ND DESIGN
We had produced this digital model to further define our design and to help visualised our concept in a more realistic way. In this digital model we can see that it transform and emerge from the front to the back. This is to protect the user’s personal space and to ensure the user’s comfort by not feeling other interruptions while using it. To begin with, the user will be resting his/ her head on the table within this design, the user will then rest his/her hands on the table through the two fenestrations on its sides and finally sleep peacefully knowing he/her is protected by this sleeping pod.
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M2 PROTOTYPE
This prototype shows both how a user look from the outside, as well as the inside. The design clearly shows how it is protecting the personal space of the user while providing enough space anf comfort for the user to sleep in it. The panels are supported by little pieces of “bone“ in order to ensure its integrity as a form.
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M2 CONCLUSION
We used cardboard as our first prototype, we thought it would be very stable and strong enough but eventually, the cardboard cannot hold by itself because it is too soft and fragile. We also thought about the structure inside to support the structure inside. The idea of making some of the parts being hollowed is quite good as it provides ventilation and at the same time it alerts the user what’s going on outside but not being totally isolated from the outside world. Developable surface is a surface that can be flattened onto a plane without stretching and compressing. At the same time, it can be made by folding, bending, rolling cutting and gluing. Our model is totally made of developable surface, it is a transformation of connecting different sizes and shapes of triangle panels. The triangles create different levels so it gives the shape of the sleeping pod.
(Pottmann, Asperl, Hofer & Kilian, 2007)
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MODULE 3 FABRICATION (TEAM: BUD LO, CALVIN LIM, CHRIS SUN)
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M3 INTRO
From Module 2, we developed a form of the sleeping pod however it does not really meet what we expected. In Module 2, we designed the hands to go outside of the pod and now we designed the hands go inside the pod and the hands are supporting the forehand to sleep. Since the pod is in irregular form and does appear to be very dynamic, hence having it stands out from the environment conveys a message of isolation and also sends out a much stronger privacy bubble to other people around. The design clearly shows how it is protecting the personal space of the user while providing enough space and comfort for the user to sleep in it.
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M3 PROTOTYPE
We measure the angles in rhino and stick the panels together according to the angle with hot glue gun. We found that there may be slight difference because of the thickness in hot glue gun but we solve the problem by applying plaster.
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M3 PROTOTYPE
We unrolled all the panels according to layers. The layers are arranged from high to low. There are nine layers fromed, they are labeled so they can be identified which layer are belong to. We used MDF as the main material of the sleeping pod, the material is hard enough and can support its own weight. We apply plaster on the sleeping pod, as our aim is to let the pod become part of the table, we apply white on it as a ‘protective’ colour.
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M3 PROTOTYPE
The sleeping pod covers the back and shoulders of the user, he or she will feel safe when using it as it can protect his or her personal space of the back of the head. The idea of the sleeping pod is to let it becomes part of the table, make it fuses with the furniture. The person using it also becomes part of the design. There are some hollow parts in the design, this is designed for ventilation. Morever, these hollow parts are created for letting the users know what is going on outside.
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M3 FINAL PROTOTYPE
For the final prototype, instead of plaster, we apply white paint to give a smoother surface. A layer a black fabric is alo applied, it gives a dark environment for the user to sleep in, at the same time, the hollow part can also function as ventilation.
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M3 FINAL DIGITAL MODEL
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M3 FABRICATION SEQUENCE
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ASSEMBLY DRAWING
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M3 2ND SKIN
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M3 2ND SKIN
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M3 2ND SKIN
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M3 CONCLUSION
Two-dimensional Fabrication It is the most commonly used fabrication technique nowadays. It involves two-axis motion of the sheet material relative to the cutting head and are implemented as a moving cutting head. Various cutting techonologies can be regarded as this kind of fabrication such as plasma-arc, laser-beam, water-jet and laser cut. (Kolarevic, 2003)
(Kolarevic, 2003)
As part of our digital fabrication processes, we digitally modeled a smoothly curved surface using multiple countours lines with loft and panneling tool. With the surface being the basic form of our sleeping pod, we turned the smooth curved into over eighty panels of triangles, and finally unrolled them for laser cutting purpose. After unrolling the panels, we can do laser cutting using the unrolled panels, it helps to reduce the measurement errors if we cut it by ourself. Moreover, we used panelling tools to help us figure out the shape.
Laser cut works by directing the output of a high-power laser most commonly through optics. The laser optics and computer numerical control are used. A typical commercial laser for cutting materials involves a motion control system to follow a CNC or G-code of the pattern to be cut onto the material. The laser beam is directed at the material, it melts, burns, vaporizes away, or is blown away by a jet of gas, leaving an edge with a high-quality surface finish. Industrial laser cutters are used to cut flat-sheet material, structural and piping materials. We use one of the two-dimensional fabrication - Laser cutting during our design. We used cardboard in M2 and now we used MDF as our material. Cardboard is too soft and fragile but MDF is harder and presents better as a material. We use laser cutting for MDF which the the error of measurement is lower.
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MODULE 4 REFLECTION
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M4 REFLECTION
I think learning Rhino in only three workshops is actually impossible. However, I think it provides a good opportunity for us to do research by ourselves and find out different ways to create the digital model. Moreover we got the chance to utilize fablab. I found the most challenging was making the pineapple digital model because we have not learnt paneling tool yet so my pineapple seemed a bit not very alike to a real pineapple. Nevertheless, during module 2 and 3, I learnt many skills in Rhino, which did not only help me in this subject but also other design subjects as well. The original aim of the design is to merge the design into the desk where the desk also becomes part of the design. However, the material we used – DDF is too heavy so we reduced a bit of the size of the sleeping pod so that it would not be too heavy to carry around. We also designed that it could be carried on the body, the elbow and the hand so users could carry the sleeping pod with them and use it whenever they felt like to sleep on the table. It is a design to be directed against sleeping in the campus. I think we address this quite well because user really isolate outside and protect his or her personal space when using the position of sleeping on the hands. During fabrication, we found that it was quite difficult to control the angles of the panels, what we did is measure the angle in Rhino and measure the angle in the real model and stick the pieces together. This might actually cause human errors because one angle difference could affect the whole shape of the model. We used hot glue gun to connect the panels together but we actually forgot the most important point is the glue also got thickness. Another thing is when we did the Rhino, we forgot to make it a thickness so when it was stuck and connected together, the difference of the digital and the real model would not be too big. Fortunately, the final prototype we made did not have too many errors on the angles. For the model fabrication, I think our group has to have better planning. We could design some system inside the model, for example some small knobs to fix the angles or make some fixed hinge to connect the panels together. We applied plaster on the surface of the model but we found it too raw and not smooth enough, it also gave a very strong smell which was not comfortable to sleep in at all. We tried to apply nail polish on it but the effect was not too obvious. At last, we spray-painted the sleeping pod with white paint and apply black fabric for the inside layer. White is the protective colour on the outside and black creates a comfy atmosphere for users to sleep. Fabric also allows ventilation through the hollow parts.
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CREDITS Page Cover 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Drawings
Model Fabrication Model Assembly
Photography
Writing
Graphic Design !
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Hang Lui Bud Lo Calvin Lim Chris Sun
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Computation
CREDITS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Heath, A, Heath, D & Jensen, A 2000, 300 years of industrial design : function, form, technique, Watson-Guptill, New York.
Kolarevic, B 2003, Architecture in the Digital Age - Design and Manufacturing, Spon Press, London.
Miralles, E, Pinos, C 1988-1991, En Construccion, El Croquis, Madrid.
Pottmann, H, Asperl, A, Hofer, M & Kilian, A 2007, Architectural Geometry, Bentley Institute Press, Canada.
Sommer, R 1969, Personal space : the behavioral basis of design, Prentice Hall, US.
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