We are suppliers of products for filling organic biofilters
www.bures.es
BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A.
Located in Vilablareix (Girona, Spain), BURÉS PROFESIONAL is dedicated to the treatment, activation and supply of organic materials for biofilter fillings. Apart from these activities, the company also manufactures substrates for crops and gardening, organic and environmentally-friendly fertilisers and biomass products for fuels. One of the critical factors in the social perception of industrial facilities such as sewage treatment plants, composting plants, chemical plants, etc. is that they generate atmospheric and olfactory pollution, possibly generating foul odours in the immediate surroundings. The use of odour eliminating biofilters for effectively controlling atmospheric and olfactory pollution is a technological alternative that is respectful to the environment. In recent times, the interest in eliminating pollutants from the air has been increasing. BURÉS PROFESSIONAL's biofilter filling products are of the highest quality. The company has several biologically activated products for biofilters. The activated material involves inoculating different types of bacteria that colonise the filler, processing the molecules that cause bad odours. With more than 20 years of experience supplying filler material for biofilters, BURÉS PROFESSIONAL has worked with leading companies in the biofilter sector and has supplied material for treating odours in composting plants, industrial sewage treatment plants, urban solid waste (USW) plants, wastewater treatment plants, food industries, etc. Also, as a waste management firm, BURÉS PROFESSIONAL recovers and treats used biofilter filling materials. The company can treat organic and inorganic biofilters. It has basic products for creating Biofilters. From these bases, a mixture adapted to the facility's needs and type of odours to be treated is generated.
Index 4 6 8 10 12 14
Vegetal biomass biofilter
Heather biofilter
Pine bark biofilter
Wood chip biofilter
Coconut fibre biofilter
Thick peat biofilter
Vegetal biomass biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A., has created the Vegetal Biomass Biofilter from the selection of different filling materials based on 100% vegetable biomass plus treatment in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A., has developed this product based on 100% vegetable biomass, high efficiency and long shelf life, from the following species (approximate volume ratio):
Unit
Value
Moisture
(%)
50-70
pH
-
7,5
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
100-200
Porosity
(%)
76
Organic matter OM
(%)
37
Real density
(Kg/m3)
1390
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
340
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
1,67
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
100-200
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
40-60
%
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
15-20
Acer negundo, Acer palmatum (maple)
11
Shelf life
(years)
5
Buxus sempervirens (boxwood)
5
-
COV’S H2S NH4
Callistemon sp (callistemon)
5
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
Ceanthus sp (California lilac)
5
Chamaecyparis sp
6
Cordyline sp (dracaena)
5
Picea sp
6
Pittosporum tobira
6
Species
Pinus sp (pine)
10
Robinia pseudoacacia (false acacia)
5
Rosa sp
5
Syringa sp (common lilac)
5
Thuja sp (northern white-cedar)
6
Taxus sp (yew)
6
Trachycarpus sp (palm tree)
9
Other plant species
5
The filling materials undergo a treatment process: selection, mixing, crushing and particle size classification (between 100 mm to 200 mm in diameter). This processing increases the surface area of the material, enabling the microorganisms to more effectively colonise the medium, and enhancing the creation of a concentration gradient in the biofilm, which maintains a continuous flow of mass, from the gas components to the wet biofilm.
4
Characteristics
Vegetal biomass biofilter
1/2
Total nitrogen
(%)
0,1-0,5
Total Phosphorus, P2O5
(%)
0,1-0,5
Total Potassium, K2O
(%)
0,1-0,5
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,1-0,5
C/N ratio
(%)
40-80
Vegetable biomass is highly porous, which provides a large contact surface with the residual air stream. The difference between the real and apparent density of the material (four times), provides an idea of its effective percolating capacity. Optionally, specific plant species can be selected to obtain a specific biofiltration bedding. The most frequent case is heather (Erica sp.), which is widely used in countries such as the United Kingdom and Germany, in mixed heather/peat systems to kill ammonium. Burés biofiltration materials are extremely stable, with very slow physical and microbiological alteration of their properties over time, so there is practically no compaction of the bedding in the long term.
Advantages and aplications This product can be used as a filling material, or as a layer of a multilayer biofiltration. Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities:
Control parameters
•EDAR •Composting plants •Dump areas •Chemical industry •Alimentary industry •Water cleansing •Smoking industry •Paper industry •Pharmaceutical industry •Furniture industry •Painting and recovering application •Resinous materials treatment •Leather treatment
Appropriate physical and chemical conditions must be created and preserved to allow the microbiotic proliferation on the filling material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, moisture and nutrient quantity.
The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following:
Moisture One of the main challenges of a biofilter care is maintaining the right moisture point. The air is usually moistured before entering the system with a water nebulisation system, moistening chamber, bioscrubber or biological hydrofilter. The moisture depends on the material, but always oscillates in the 50-70% range.
• Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over.
Temperature The most common microorganisms are mesophyles, which need a 15-35ºC range of temperatures, and have an optimal growth at 3040ºC. This is the range in which the filling material must be kept. Granulometry The granulometry of the filling material affects its efficiency, the granulometry beings the size range of the particles. The granulometry that provides the biofilter with a larger surface must be found, as it will make it efficient and useful also to purify non-soluble complexes. The efficiency and useful life of the biofilter depends on the kind of contaminant and its mass, but BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. recommends changing the filling material every 4-5 years, depending on the environmental conditions in which it’s kept. After its useful life the material can be composted without any previous treatment.
Vegetal biomass biofilter
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5
Heather biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A., has created the Heather (Tree Heath) Biofilter product from a mixture of different particle sizes of heather plus treatment in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. This product is based on 100% vegetable biomass from Tree Heath, high efficiency and long shelf life, from gardening and forest trimmings.
Characteristics
Unit
Value
Moisture
(%)
7-8
pH
-
4,5 - 5,5
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
10 - 50
Porosity
(%)
78
Organic matter OM
(%)
98
Real density
(Kg/m3)
150 - 250
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
100 - 200
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
0,1 - 0,5
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
100-200
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
40
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
15
Shelf life
(years)
5
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
-
COV’S H2S NH4
Total nitrogen
(%)
0,5 - 0,8
Total Phosphorus, P205
(%)
0,1 - 0,3
Total Potassium,K2O
(%)
0,1 - 0,7
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,1-0,5
C/N ratio
(%)
30/35
The heather used by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. grows in environments without significant amounts of grasses or other vegetation and is highly porous, which provides a large contact surface with the residual air stream. Heather is used to provide a support media for filling with soft organic media, especially peat.
Erica arborea. Tree Heath.
It is important to note that the valuable part of the tree heath as a biolfilter is the wood, not the leaves. Heather can be used successfully in open and closed biofilters, although its use as the only component of the biofiltration bedding is limited to low odour intensities and low-moderate gas flows. Burés biofiltration materials are extremely stable, with very slow physical and microbiological alteration of their properties over time, so the long-term compaction of the bedding is very slow.
6
Heather biofilter
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Control parameters
Advantages and aplications
Appropriate physico-chemical conditions must be created and maintained to enable the microbiota to proliferate on the bedding material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, humidity and quantity of nutrients.
This heather can be used as a single material to form the bedding or as an individual component in multilayer biofiltration systems.
It is recommended to maintain the operating temperature at around 30ºC. Remember that the biofilter's filling material must be handled with care, avoiding compacting it in order not to increase the energy cost of its operation. The residence time for Heather based biofilters depends on design conditions: for low concentrations a minimum standard time of 60 seconds should be considered. The performance and useful life of the biofilter depends on the type of pollutant and its mass load, but for tree heath it can be considered an average of >5 years. After this period the material used can be simply composted in Burés facilities without any special treatment.
Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities: • EDAR • Composting plants • Dump areas • Chemical industry • Alimentary industry • Water cleansing • Smoking industry • Paper industry • Pharmaceutical industry • Furniture industry • Painting and recovering application • Resinous materials treatment • Leather treatment The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following: • Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination. • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over.
Heather biofilter
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7
Pine bark biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A., has created the Pine Bark Biofilter product from a mixture of different bark particle sizes plus subsequent treatment in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb the odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. The high-efficiency and long-shelf-life biofilter is created from pine bark made from the following species:
Unit
Moisture
(%)
25
pH
-
5,5
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
25-40
Porosity
(%)
63
Organic matter OM
(%)
44
Real density
(Kg/m3)
460
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
150 - 200
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
0,26 61,2
Species
%
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
Value
Pinus nigra
39
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
Low
Pinus sylvestris
46
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
28,39
Pinus uncinata
6,5
Shelf life
(years)
5
Pinus pinaster/ Pinus radiata
1,5
Other (Picea, Abies, etc.)
7
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
-
COV’S H2S NH4
TOTAL
100
Total nitrogen
(%)
0,51
Total Phosphorus, P2O5
(%)
0,2
Total Potassium, K2O
(%)
0,6
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,187
C/N ratio
(%)
80-100
In Burés's plant, the pine bark is selected and conditioned to ensure the ideal characteristics for its use as a biofiltration bedding. It undergoes an exhaustive calibration process to ensure adequate and homogeneous particle sizing, which is very important for guaranteeing correct surface adsorption and the minimum resistance to gas circulation. This uniformity is obtained from an automatic classification system based on the particle size of the material, eliminating fine elements. Increasing the specific surface area of the biofiltration bedding material enhances the creation of a concentration gradient in the biofilm, which maintains a continuous flow of mass from the gas components to the wet biofilm.
8
Characteristics
Pine bark biofilter
1/2
The pine bark has a large internal porosity (open or closed), up to 43% of the total volume of the particle. The pore size of the pine bark is ideal for absorbing odoriferous molecules and other contaminants, which is why it is usually used as a component or "activating layer" in multilayer biofiltration systems. Burés's biofiltration materials are extremely stable, with very slow physical and microbiological alteration of their properties over time, so there is practically no compaction of the bedding in the long term.
Control parameters
Advantages and aplications
The correct physico-chemical conditions must be created and maintained to enable the microbiota to proliferate on the bedding material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, humidity and quantity of nutrients.
This product can be used as a filling material, or as a layer of a multilayer biofiltration.
Moisture It can be humidified before going into the bedding using a water mist system, humidification chamber, bio-scrubber or biological hydrophilic. The humidity that must be maintained in the biofiltration bedding varies between 50-70%. Temperature In general, the most common microorganisms in a biofilm are mesophiles, which can grow in a temperature of between 15 and 45°C and have optimum growth at between 30-40°C, therefore the temperature of the bedding should be maintained within these values. Particle size The optimum particle size must be found that, depending on the type of material, gives the biofilter the largest specific surface area, making it especially useful for purifying very few or no water-soluble compounds. The performance and useful life of the biofilter depends on the type of pollutant and its mass load, although BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. recommends a shelf life for the filling material of between 3-5 years depending on the environmental conditions. After this period the material used can be simply composted without any special treatment.
Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities: •EDAR •Composting plants •Dump areas •Chemical industry •Alimentary industry •Water cleansing •Smoking industry •Paper industry •Pharmaceutical industry •Furniture industry •Painting and recovering application •Resinous materials treatment •Leather treatment The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following: • Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over.
Pine bark biofilter
2/2
9
Wood chip biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURĂ&#x2030;S PROFESIONAL, S.A. has created the wood chip biofilter product from a mixture of different chip particle sizes, treating it in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. The high-efficiency and long-shelf-life biofilter is created from pine chips made from the following species:
Characteristics
Unit
Value
Moisture
(%)
25
pH
-
5,5
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
25-40
Porosity
(%)
63
Organic matter OM
(%)
44
Real density
(Kg/m3)
460
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
150 - 200
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
0,26
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
61,2
Species
%
Density (g/cm3)
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
Low
Pinus nigra
39
0,62
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
28,39
Pinus sylvestris
46
0,55
Shelf life
(years)
5
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
-
COVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S H2S NH4
Pinus uncinata
6,5
0,07
Pinus pinaster/ Pinus radiata
1,5
0,08-0,10
Otros ( Picea, Abiesâ&#x20AC;Ś)
7
-
TOTAL
100
-
The filling materials undergo a pre-treatment process (crushing and screening) that increases their surface area and enables the microorganisms to more effectively colonise the medium.
Total nitrogen
(%)
0,51
Total Phosphorus, P2O5
(%)
0,2
Total Potassium, K2O
(%)
0,6
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,187
C/N ratio
(%)
80-100
Pine chips tend to seek hygroscopic equilibrium in moisture content that is in harmony with the relative humidity and temperature of the environment. The water content of the chip depends on the relative humidity in the air, which means that variations are influenced by humidity changes. The electrical conductivity of wood essentially depends on its water content. The porosity or empty volume of the chip varies greatly with the species, within the individual and even within the same piece, although conifers are commonly more porous than hardwoods, with the pores more or less uniformly arranged. Pine chip is highly porous material, between 66.8-70.4%, which provides a high contact surface between the stream of gases to be purified and the microorganisms. This results in greater processing efficiency and a lower need for retention time. The average pore radius ranges from 200 to 2,000 nm.
10
Wood chip biofilter
1/2
Burés biofiltration materials are extremely stable, with very slow physical and microbiological alteration of their properties over time, so there is practically no compaction of the bedding in the long term.
Control parameters Appropriate physical and chemical conditions must be created and preserved to allow the microbiotic proliferation on the filling material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, moisture and nutrient quantity. Moisture One of the main challenges of a biofilter care is maintaining the right moisture point. The air is usually moistured before entering the system with a water nebulisation system, moistening chamber, bioscrubber or biological hydrofilter. The moisture depends on the material, but always oscillates in the 50-70% range. Temperature The most common microorganisms are mesophyles, which need a 15-35ºC range of temperatures, and have an optimal growth at 3040ºC. This is the range in which the filling material must be kept. Granulometry The granulometry of the filling material affects its efficiency, the granulometry beings the size range of the particles. The granulometry that provides the biofilter with a larger surface must be found, as it will make it efficient and useful also to purify non-soluble complexes. The efficiency and useful life of the biofilter depends on the kind of contaminant and its mass, but BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. recommends changing the filling material every 3-5 years, depending on the environmental conditions in which it’s kept. After its useful life the material can be composted without any previous treatment.
Advantages and aplications This product can be used as a filling material, or as a layer of a multilayer biofiltration. Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities: •EDAR •Composting plants •Dump areas •Chemical industry •Alimentary industry •Water cleansing •Smoking industry •Paper industry •Pharmaceutical industry •Furniture industry •Painting and recovering application •Resinous materials treatment •Leather treatment The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following: • Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over.
Wood chip biofilter
2/2
11
Coconut fibre biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURĂ&#x2030;S PROFESIONAL, S.A. has developed the coconut fibre biofilter product from a mixture of short and very short coconut fibres plus treatment in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. The coconut fibre is obtained from the esocarp of the coconut palm fruit (Cocos nucifera), through a process of fibre removal and sifting, which separates the long fibres for use in the textile industry and which generates a by-product based on short fibres and particles that can be used as a biofiltration bedding. This material undergoes a hydration process in the plant and subsequent selection by screening in which a fibrous fraction is obtained with optimal characteristics for its use as a biofilter. This processing increases the specific area of the material and humidity conditions, enabling the microorganisms to more effectively colonise the medium. On the other hand, increasing the specific area of the biofiltration bedding material enhances the creation of a concentration gradient in the biofilm, which maintains a continuous flow of mass, from the gas components to the wet biofilm.
Characteristic
Unit
Value
Moisture
(%)
25
pH
-
5,5
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
25-40
Porosity
(%)
63
Organic matter OM
(%)
44
Real density
(Kg/m3)
460
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
150 - 200
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
0,26
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
61,2
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
Low
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
28,39
Shelf life
(years)
5
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
-
COVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S H2S NH4
Total nitrogen
(%)
0,51
Total Phosphorus, P2O5
(%)
0,2
Total Potassium, K2O
(%)
0,6
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,187
C/N ratio
(%)
80-100
Coconut fibre is an extremely light material (111 kg/m3) with 96% porosity. Due to its properties it can be used in systems where coconut fibre is the only filtering agent. Its properties can be improved, combining it with other materials such as heather, which increase sponginess. It is a material with a high degree of odour adsorption. To use it as the sole filtering agent, the bedding material must be turned periodically to avoid compaction.
12
Coconut fibre biofilter
1/2
Control parameters Appropriate physico-chemical conditions must be created and maintained to enable the microbiota to proliferate on the bedding material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, humidity and quantity of nutrients. The performance and useful life of the biofilter depends on the type of pollutant and its mass load, although BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. recommends a shelf life for the filling material of between 3-5 years depending on the environmental conditions. After this period the material used can be simply composted without any special treatment.
•Alimentary industry •Water cleansing •Smoking industry •Paper industry •Pharmaceutical industry •Furniture industry •Painting and recovering application •Resinous materials treatment •Leather treatment The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following: • Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over. Typical efficiencies of a peat bedding filter for eliminating odours.
Advantages and aplications This product can be used as a filling material, or as a layer of a multilayer biofiltration. Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities: •EDAR •Composting plants •Dump areas •Chemical industry
Coconut fibre biofilter
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13
Thick peat biofilter Composition
Characteristics
BURĂ&#x2030;S PROFESIONAL, S.A. has developed the Sphagnum thick peat biofilter product calibrated from a mixture of thick peat of different origins and particle sizing and treated in the plant to obtain a material that can absorb odoriferous compounds and other pollutants from the residual air stream. The free-living microorganisms that proliferate naturally in this organic material use these compounds as a source of nutrients and energy, via aerobic decomposition. Material from the peat bogs of Lithuania and Northern Germany undergoes a selection process by screening, in fractions of coarse particle sizing of blonde and black peat, a suitable product for use as a biofilter. The particle sizing of the peat provides the porosity as the particle gets thicker. This processing increases the specific area of the material, enabling the microorganisms to more effectively colonise the medium. By increasing the specific area of the biofiltration bedding material, a concentration gradient is created in the biofilm, which maintains a continuous flow of mass, from the gas components to the wet biofilm.
Characteristic
Unit
Value
Moisture
(%)
70 - 95
pH
-
4
Particle size (mm)
(mm)
20 - 40
Porosity
(%)
80
Organic matter OM
(%)
90
Real density
(Kg/m3)
95 - 130
Moisture bulk density UNE-EN12580
(Kg/m3)
120 - 160
Electrical conductivity
(dS/m)
0,17
Cationic Exchange Capacity (CIC)
(meq/100gr)
180
Water retention capacity
(Water at 10 cm c.a.) (%)
70 - 80
Aeration capacity
(Air at 10 cm de c.a.) (%)
10 - 20
Shelf life
(years)
>10
Types of microorganisms that eliminate
-
COVâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S H2S NH4
Total nitrogen
(%)
< 50 mg/l
Total Phosphorus, P2O5
(%)
< 50 mg/l
Total Potassium, K2O
(%)
< 50 mg/l
Total Sodium, NaO
(%)
0,1 - 0,5
C/N ratio
(%)
20 - 29
In the coarse fractions there may be a certain fibrous part of sedge (Eriophorum vaginatum). Thick peat can be used as the sole material of the biofiltration bedding, or in combination with other materials such as heather. This type of biofiltration bedding requires regular treatment to prevent it from compacting, for example turning the material over.
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Thick peat biofilter
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Control parameters
Advantages and aplications
Appropriate physico-chemical conditions must be created and maintained to enable the microbiota to proliferate in the bedding material. The essential parameters are temperature, pH, humidity and quantity of nutrients.
This product can be used as a filling material, or as a layer of a multilayer biofiltration.
Remember that the biofilter filling material must be handled with care to avoid compacting it so as not to increase the energy cost of its operation. The peat bedding itself should be no more than one meter deep, to prevent it from compacting. The bedding temperature must be maintained at between 10-45°C. The pH should always be within a range of 4-7.5. For highly odorous currents, the air flow must be no greater than 110-130 m3/m2 of bedding. For less intense odours, the flow can be increased up to 200 m3/ hm2 of bedding. Peat bedding is used mainly in northern Europe, where it is used in agriculture and fish processing. The performance and useful life of the biofilter also depend on the type of contaminant and its mass load.
Biofiltration is a very versatile technique, able to treat odours (ammoniac…), toxic compounds and volatile organic compounds. The efficiency of the treatment of this elements is higher than 9095% for low contaminant concentration (<1.00ppm). The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. are used successfully in the following activities: •EDAR •Composting plants •Dump areas •Chemical industry •Alimentary industry •Water cleansing •Smoking industry •Paper industry •Pharmaceutical industry •Furniture industry •Painting and recovering application •Resinous materials treatment •Leather treatment The biofilters offered by BURÉS PROFESIONAL, S.A. is a technological alternative respectful with the environment, with an effective control of the atmosphere’s and odours contamination. Some of its great advantages are the following: • Simple technology and low application cost; economically available to all business. • High efficiency of volatile contaminants and odoriferous complexes elimination • Odoriferous contamination control • Nearly null maintenance of the biofilter is required. • Total decomposition of the contaminants without secondary products creation through the Biofiltering process. • The filling material is organic, non toxic and biodegradable through composting once its useful life is over. Typical efficiencies of a peat bedding filter for eliminating odours.
Odorous compounds
Entry concentration (ppm)
Reduction through the biofilter (%)
Etanol
10-70
>99
Metanol
50-300
>99
Acetona
70-400
>97
Acetato de etilo.
500-5000
>75
Source: Kiely, G: Environmental engineering.
Thick peat biofilter
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