January 2023 Hereford World Magazine

Swapping for

More Potential

The 6X Ranch is using Hereford bulls and heterosis to wean more pounds and reduce cow costs.

by Wes Ishmael

When Mike Seal, came to manage the 6X Ranch, Mackay, Idaho, nearly 12 years ago, the herd was straight black Angus. The ranch was focusing intently on marketing its cattle through the Harris Ranch Beef program — creating calves that could meet the branded program’s high carcass quality standards was a primary goal.

At the time, Seal says the cows were pushing 1,600 pounds for mature weight and weaning 450-pound calves.

“That bottles you into a lot of slim-sided, hard-doing, too-tall cows. It was not pretty,” Seal says. He adds that calf morbidity and mortality were also too high.

The ranch added Hereford genetics the first year that Seal was at the helm.

When Mike Seal came to manage the 6X Ranch, he incorporated Hereford bulls to harness complementary heterosis and shore up herd efficiency.

Seal has always believed in the power of complementary crossbreeding and the benefits of heterosis.

“You’re adding value right off the bat with your crossbred calves. They’re going to be bigger, thicker and weigh more. If you’re going to run them, you just as well take advantage of it,” Seal explains. “I don’t understand not taking advantage of heterosis and getting that hybrid vigor so you can take advantage of more weaning weight with the same mature cow size.”

The voice of the American Hereford Association

and make plans to attend our Mark your calendar April 2023

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American Hereford Association

Address: 11500 N. Ambassador Dr., Ste. 410 Kansas City, MO 64153 816-842-3757 • Fax 816-243-1314 hworld@hereford.org • Hereford.org

AHA BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President

Bill Goehring, Libertyville, Iowa

Vice president Wyatt Agar, Thermopolis, Wyo.

Directors

Term expires 2023

Whitey Hunt, Madison, Ga.

Becky King-Spindle, Moriarty, N.M.

Term expires 2024

Jerome Ollerich, Winner, S.D.

Bob Schaffer, Spotsylvania, Va.

Term expires 2025

Chad Breeding, Miami, Texas

Lou Ellen Harr, Jeromesville, Ohio

Travis McConnaughy, Wasola, Mo.

Term expires 2026

Jim Coley, Lafayette, Tenn.

Hampton Cornelius, LaSalle, Colo.

Austin Snedden, Maricopa, Calif.

ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

Executive vice president

Jack Ward, jward@hereford.org

Chief operating officer and director of breed improvement

Shane Bedwell, sbedwell@hereford.org

Chief financial officer

Leslie Mathews, lmathews@hereford.org

Director of records department

Stacy Sanders, ssanders@hereford.org

Director of commercial programs

Trey Befort, tbefort@herefordbeef.org

Director of youth activities and foundation

Amy Cowan, acowan@hereford.org

National shows coordinator and youth activities assistant

Bailey Clanton, bclanton@hereford.org

Associate director of youth marketing and education

Chloé Fowler, cfowler@hereford.org

Education and information services coordinator and records supervisor

Laura Loschke, lloschke@hereford.org

Director of communications and digital content

Taylor Belle Matheny, tmatheny@hereford.org

Audio-visual specialist

Kelsey Vejraska, kvejraska@hereford.org

Office assistant and event coordinator

Emily Wood, ewood@hereford.org

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Certified Hereford Beef Staff

President and chief executive officer

Amari Seiferman, aseiferman@herefordbeef.org

Brand manager

Ty Ragsdale, tragsdale@herefordbeef.org

Marketing manager

Brenyn Burkholder, bburkholder@herefordbeef.org

Commercial Programs

Director of commercial programs

Trey Befort, tbefort@herefordbeef.org

Commercial marketing partnerWestern Region

Jake Drost, jdrost@hereford.org

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Hereford World Staff

Director of field management and seedstock marketing

Joe Rickabaugh, jrick@hereford.org

Production manager

Caryn Vaught, cvaught@hereford.org

Executive editor

Wes Ishmael, wishmael@hereford.org

Managing editor

Sydnee Shive, sshive@hereford.org

Assistant editor

Katie Maupin Miller, kcommunicates@gmail.com

Advertising coordinator

Alison Marx, amarx@hereford.org

Creative services coordinator

Bailey Lewis, blewis@hereford.org

Editorial designer/assistant

Cindy Himmelberg, chimmelberg@hereford.org

Graphic designers

Sharon Blank and Teri Wolfgang

Contributing writers

Grant Crawford, Heather Smith Thomas

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Field Staff

Western Region – Colt Cunningham Ariz., Calif., Idaho, Nev., Ore., Utah and Wash.

P.O. Box 15887, Boise, ID 83715

918-978-8779, ccunningham@hereford.org

Mountain Region – Kevin Murnin Colo., Mont., N.D., Wyo., and western Canada P.O. Box 105, Worden, MT 59088 406-853-4638, kmurnin@hereford.org

North Central Region – Alex Acheson Kan., Minn., Neb., S.D., and central Canada

1610 Jack Nicklaus Dr., Elk Point, SD 57025 785-366-1185, aacheson@hereford.org

Upper Midwest Region – Noah Benedict Ill., Ind., Ky., Md., Mich., Ohio, Pa., W.Va. and Wis.

605 CR 2300 N. Dewey, IL 61840 217-372-8009, noahb@hereford.org

Southwest Region – Contact Joe Rickabaugh Ark., La., N.M., Okla. and Texas

Eastern Region – Tommy Coley Ala., Fla., Ga., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tenn. and Va. 1284 Stage Coach Rd., Sewanee, TN 37375 815-988-7051, tcoley@hereford.org

Central Region – Joe Rickabaugh Iowa, Mo. and eastern Canada

11500 N. Ambassador Dr., Ste. 410, Kansas City, MO 64153

785-633-3188, jrick@hereford.org

Northeast Region – Contact the AHA Conn., Del., D.C., Maine, Mass., N.H., N.J., N.Y., R.I., Vt. and eastern Canadian provinces

Now is the time to begin remaking cow-calf opportunity.

Years ago, I had the chance to attend a meeting with veterinarians at Walt Disney World in Florida, where the group was treated to an enlightening behind-the-scenes tour of Disney’s Animal Kingdom.

Among the things I learned: 1) “Huggers” are what they called the gargantuan squeeze chutes used for elephants; 2) even Walt Disney had a few wayward, too-tall thistles.

Thistles are a whole lot like the endemic mistakes so many of us work to avoid. However, I knew a hugely successful businessman, who also became a respected and successful seedstock producer, who took the opposite view.

I asked him how he had accomplished so much. He explained, “Unless I make three fairly significant mistakes during the day, I figure I haven’t been trying hard enough.”

How often does fear of making a mistake hinder the possibility of succeeding? Perhaps now, more than ever, is the time to embrace trying hard enough to make mistakes. That doesn’t mean irrational diving over the edge, willy-nilly, for the sake of taking a chance. Instead, it’s the notion embraced

by the businessman and seedstock producer mentioned above to continue asking questions, re-evaluating and trying again. Of course, this also implies starting with a specific goal.

The great facelift Arguably, the U.S. cattle business stands on the cusp of a makeover, both generationally and genetically. From a generational standpoint, the largest wealth transfer in U.S. history is just beginning. Estimates of the sum vary across a wide range, from about $30 trillion — roughly the amount of the current U.S. national debt — to more than $60 trillion. New people, even if they’re next in the line of business succession, will be deciding what to do with the ground, whether it includes cattle and what kind.

Genetically, when it finally rains and snows broadly and deep enough, U.S. producers will likely build back at least 2.5 million of the beef cows liquidated, between 2019 and the beginning of this year, due to drought and economics. It’s in line with early-release long-term projections from USDA’s Economic Research Service which estimate the

Jan. 1 beef cow inventory at around 29 million this year and approximately 31.3 million in 2032.

Save more, make more High feed costs, increasing drought frequency and narrowing profit margins suggest adding cows with heterosis will continue to offer the least risk and the most potential.

Benefits associated with maternal heterosis are many and significant, including increased calving rate and a 38% advantage in cow longevity. Think of the savings associated with just the latter.

Cow herd depreciation and/or replacement heifer development is the second largest cost to cow-calf operations, according to Aaron Berger, a University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) Extension educator, who was describing unit cost of production and enterprise analysis at a UNL conference in the fall of 2014 (Rebuilding the Cow Herd). That was the last time folks were getting ready to expand cow numbers.

Here’s wishing you a year without thistles, but one with your fair share of well-meaning, perfectly executed mistakes.

EFBeef –Balanced with Max Profit

require input Hereford genetics to compete in a black hided market, we are already there for you. Growing your input seeds for a market, years in the future.

been making commercially oriented Herford genetics that blow away the national average for feedlot feed efficiency and rail hanging $value$ for generations.

I f your herd doesn’t have EFBeef genetics as an input… you are continuing to fall behind in tomorrow’s beef industry. We’ve been sowing the good crop of beef genes into the EFBeef Hereford bulls for generations to lock in a bountiful harvest of seed so your inputs can thrive in tomorrow’s U.S. beef cattle market. J oin us April 15, 2023 for the next opportunity to select from the EFBeef gene pool of max profit cattle.  The numbers make it obvious EFBeef genetics lead the breed for the measured traits with value.  We also take pride in our selection pressure on the non-measured traits too.  Selecting cattle from the ground up with the appropriate female and male phenotype traits that are balanced for longevity of production.

During 2023, EFBeef celebrates our 75th anniversary in our current location, offering polled Hereford bulls to commercial cattlemen. We are also proud of the fact that we are a 7th generation family outfit celebrating our 139th year of seedstock Hereford production. It all started in 1883 with the purchase of two registered cows and imported sire, Beekjay Hero.

The EFBeef program has never wavered from producing real world, functional cattle that are expected to excel in the commercial sector, returning net profit to their respective owners. You can expect your purchase at EFBeef to be backed by a guarantee that has stood the test of time, 140 years’ worth. You can expect your purchase to be genetically bred for the U.S. beef marketplace.

by Trey Befort

Starting a new year always brings excitement and the desire to make this year better than the last. Despite the challenges we all have faced over the last few years, we have a lot to be thankful for and are blessed to have opportunities in front of us.

Given the industry landscape today, it is now more important than ever to make genetic improvement and increase the marketability of your calf crop. For many of you, the time is near for a new calf crop to arrive and for bull selection decisions to be made. This is a great time to review and consider available industry marketing programs and evaluate their requirements to see if your goals and strategies align.

Superior genetics win for buyers and sellers

Commercial marketing programs provided by the American Hereford Association continue to offer a platform for producers utilizing Hereford genetics to add to the value and marketability of their cattle.

For instance, there looks to be outstanding potential to market

replacement-quality, Hereford-sired females as parts of cow country receive long overdue drought-relieving moisture. The Premium Red Baldy and Maternal Advantage programs provide an outstanding means to verify and promote the superior genetic merit of commercial replacement red badly, black baldy and tiger-stripe females. Program specifications require enrolled females to be sired by Hereford bulls ranking in the top 50% for maternal indices, which provides added value to sellers and helps buyers identify females with extra longevity, fertility and efficiency.

Obviously, added certainty matters more than ever as the nation rebuilds the cow herd. One example of the

demand for these females was a group enrolled in the Premium Red Baldy program. They sold in a production sale this past fall for nearly $300 per head premium over straightbred females in the sale. This example, like many others, underscores the added value of these females in the marketplace.

Likewise, the Hereford Advantage program continues to be an effective program that adds exposure and marketing power to those looking to market Hereford-influenced feeder cattle.

Aside from vaccination and Beef Quality Assurance certification requirements, the genetic merit criteria of this program identify and promote

feeder cattle with a real advantage in performance and value. Cattle enrolled in this program must be sired by a Hereford bull battery with an average Certified Hereford Beef® index value (CHB$) ranking in the top 50% of the breed.

Look at Chart 1, which provides performance data from steers sired by registered Hereford bulls and enrolled in the National Junior Hereford Association (NJHA) Fed Steer Shootout from 2017-2022. This is a simple but clear example of the added value of cattle that meet genetic criteria of the Hereford Advantage program.

Despite the noise that surrounds us, it is encouraging to see the opportunities in front of us. I look forward to working with many of you to help set the bar higher, make valuable improvements and make 2023 the most productive and prosperous year yet.

Trey Befort is the director of commercial programs for the American Hereford Association. He can be reached at tbefort@herefordbeef.org.

This ET son of Genesis is a half brother to last year’s top selling bull in the Friedt sale. He is loose hided, deep bodied and long as a rope. Two goggle eyes, red necked and as wide on the ground as he is on the top. Sire and dam are homozygous polled and we should have his test back by sale day to confirm he is homo polled.

He’s numbered up right: top 5% or better in CHB Index, Marbling, REA, WW & YW: top 5% or better in CHB Index, Marbling, REA, WW & YW! His dam, PCR Ida Goldie 40X, is the mother of Bentley, a 12-trait EPD leader with a REA EPD of 1.54. 40X is a powerful cow and has been very popular in several registered herds around the country and Canada. She is currently owned by Golden Oak Livestock in Canada, AXA Farms and Lonestar Cattle Co.

This bull’s sire, Loewen Genesis G16, is an exceptionally good bull phenotypically and is an 11-trait EPD leader and is making his mark in the Hereford breed.

(Genesis G16 is owned by Colyer Herefords and Angus, Express Ranches, Barber Ranch and Bill King.)

Aaron Friedt: 701/590-9597

Fed Steer Shootout

What’s New?

Association News and Events

“What’s New?” is a column designed to keep you in the know about Hereford happenings. You can sign up for Hereford Headlines, an electronic newsletter distributed the first Friday of each month by the American Hereford Association (AHA) highlighting Hereford news and events. You can also receive the Bald Faced Bottom Line, a commercially-focused electronic newsletter sent the third Friday of each month. To subscribe to these free newsletters, send an email to outreach@hereford.org. Archived issues are posted at

MyHerd Updates

The American Hereford Association (AHA) launched new animal and member search tools in MyHerd.org You will be able to access the following searches from the MyHerd menu located in the upper part of the screen under “Search Tools.”

Different animals may show in the results depending on the criteria selected as things change over time (like EPDs).

Mating Predictor —  You now have access to all animal search criteria when selecting animals for use in the mating predictor. You can also use saved searches and animal lists when selecting animals to use in this latest version. The calculation of the inbreeding coefficient has been changed so the tool performs more efficiently. The new mating predictor reduced the number of generations used in the inbreeding coefficient calculation to around 10.

All these features are inter-related, making them a bit easier to access. But, at first, getting to a specific location within the search options may be a bit more confusing, because there are multiple paths to each tool. Remember, you can always go back to the menu in the upper part of the screen.

Mitchell Livestock Hereford

Influenced Feeder Cattle Sale

Date: Feb. 16, 2023

Location: Mitchell LivestockMitchell, S.D.

Contact: Preston Burma 605-680-0448

Cherokee Sales Co. Hereford Influenced Feeder Cattle Sale  Date: April 19, 2023

Location: Cherokee Sales Co.Cherokee, Okla.

Contact: Jarrid Herrmann 785-564-0869

Commercial Cattlemen’s Luncheon at OKC

Animal Search —  This is comparable to the HerfNet EPD/animal search members have been using since 2001 when HerfNet was launched. The number and flexibility of search criteria has been greatly expanded as well as the ability to easily change the information seen in search results. It is also much easier to download data from search results to take offline as needed.

Animal Lists — This feature allows members to easily maintain multiple lists of animals for various purposes and download data on those animals to use in many ways. This is especially helpful with the weekly expected progeny differences (EPD) updates. Animal Lists varies from the saved searches because animals no longer have to have anything common to be added to a list. Up to 112 data points are included in a downloadable file for a list of animals, and animal lists can be incorporated into animal searches, which allows for very flexible downloads of other types of data on listed animals.

Saved Searches — This search tool saves time, because users don’t have to start a search from scratch each time they are searching for a set of animals that meet a specific set of routinely-used criteria. Simply save the search and the display information, and results will load exactly as they were saved.

If you have any questions, please reach out to myherd@hereford.org.

Commercial

Hereford-influenced feeder calf sale listings

Boost your marketing efforts by participating in upcoming Herefordinfluenced feeder calf sales, open to operations of all sizes. Consigning Hereford and Hereford-influenced calves to a special Hereford sale is an effective way to put cattle in front of buyers interested in Hereford genetics and may provide a price premium. To view a complete list of upcoming Herefordinfluenced special sales visit  Hereford. org/commercial/programs/feedercattle-sales/. For commercial female listings visit  Hereford.org/commercial/ marketplace/female-listings/.

Greater Midwest Certified Hereford Feeder Calf Sale

Date: Jan. 5, 2023

Location: Carthage Livestock AuctionCarthage, Ill.

Contact: Brent Lowderman 309-221-9621

Events

Look for Hereford at NCBA

Be sure to stop by the AHA and Certified Hereford Beef® booth, No. 1217, at the Cattle Industry Convention and National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) Trade Show in New Orleans, La., Feb. 1-3. The tradeshow will be located in the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center.

AHA staff will be there promoting the breed, greeting old friends and making new acquaintances. The trade show begins Wednesday afternoon, Feb. 1, and ends Friday afternoon, Feb. 3.

For more about the NCBA convention, go to Convention.NCBA. org/trade-show

Along with Cattlemen’s Congress, the AHA is excited to welcome commercial cattlemen and women from the region to a Certified Hereford Beef® luncheon during the Hereford Pen Show on Thursday, Jan. 5, in the Performance Arena at 11 a.m. All exhibitors are invited to attend and visit with those currently utilizing or seeking Hereford genetics.

Along with the commercial luncheon, AHA is excited to announce a new partnership with W-W Livestock Systems, which will be a special part of the pen show and commercial cattlemen’s luncheon. W-W has graciously donated a Producer 640 Chute to be given away before the champion pens are selected, so be sure and stop by the booth in the Performance Arena on pen show day to get signed up for this exciting giveaway from our friends at W-W Livestock Systems.

Youth Leadership development

The National Junior Hereford Association (NJHA) and Hereford Youth Foundation of America (HYFA) are proud to continue the BOLD Leadership Conference for the second year. This elite leadership opportunity expands on skills gained at the Faces of Leadership Conference and encourages the

The 2023 conference will be hosted by GKB Cattle in Desdemona, Texas, March 23-26, 2023. NJHA members in good standing between the ages of 18-21 are eligible for the conference. Applications close Jan. 15, 2023. Visit Hereford.org/BOLD to learn more.

HYFA

For the second year in a row, T/R Cattle Co. and HYFA are partnering to bring an exciting donor prospect to the National Hereford Sale in Oklahoma City, Okla., Jan. 6. Half of the proceeds from the sale of the heifer will benefit the Foundation One Campaign and the VitaFerm® Junior National Hereford Expo (JNHE). A huge thank you goes to Trent Ray and T/R Cattle Co. for his continued support of HYFA and the National Junior Hereford Association (NJHA).

Summer 2023 Youth Activities Internship

The AHA will be hiring one or two youth activities interns for the summer of 2023. The internship will provide a multi-faceted learning experience for students. During the internship, students will will assist with the JNHE in Madison, Wis., and the Faces of Leadership Conference in Columbus, Ohio. Applications are due by Feb. 1, 2023. Visit Hereford.org/careers to learn more.

2023 JNHE Ambassador Program

College students may apply for the JNHE ambassador program. The ambassadors will assist the NJHA board and AHA staff during a three-week mini-internship, focusing on the JNHE in Madison, Wis. Applications are due by Feb. 1, 2023. Visit Hereford.org/

by Shane Bedwell

Heterosis has more value than ever.

Human nature often leads us to focus on outcomes in terms of the most, the highest or the fastest — the maximum — while discounting or ignoring the relative cost of inputs.

Consider the extraordinary gains U.S. cattle producers have made in terms of average carcass quality over the past two decades. While it has been a boon for consumer beef demand, various data suggests part of the cost has been reproduction and production efficiency. Key measures of ranch profitability, like pounds of calf weaned per cow exposed, have remained static or declined. Logic says part of the reason is increased straightbreeding focused on the end product and decreased heterosis from crossbreeding. Heterosis increases output at less cost, especially when it comes to the least heritable traits, such as fertility.

Various research projects conducted by the American Hereford Association (AHA) underscore and mirror the economic advantages of direct and maternal heterosis documented by decades of industry research.

Direct heterosis increases performance of the crossbred calf relative to the average of the straightbred parental breeds, according to the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC).

• Survival to weaning (+1.9%)

• Weaning weight (+3.9%)

• Post-weaning gain (+2.6%)

• Yearling weight (+3.8%)

• Feed conversion (+2.2%)

Maternal heterosis increases performance of the crossbred cow relative to the average of straightbred females of the parental breeds.

• Calving rate (+3.7%)

• Weaning weight (+3.8%)

• Longevity (+38%)

• Number of calves (+17%)

• Cumulative weaning weight (+25.3%)

The value of maternal heterosis is most visible in the increased number of calves (lifetime), cow longevity and cumulative weaning weight (lifetime).

Advantages associated with heterosis can be magnified based on the inherent strengths of the breed components in the crossbreeding plan, as well as the complementarity between the breeds.

Hereford heterosis has more punch

Hereford genetics are often favored in crossbreeding for a couple of realworld reasons.

First are the inherent Hereford strengths of docility, fertility, feed efficiency in the feedlot and on pasture, longevity and production efficiency. Another reason Hereford genetics are commonly favored is the fact that they are the least related to any other Bos Taurus breed — documented by USMARC — which means they offer more heterotic impact.

Most recently, researchers at Oklahoma State University (OSU) conducted a multi-year study of pasture cow feed efficiency (Table 1). Compared to straightbred black Angus cows, Hereford-sired black baldy females consumed 2 pounds less modest-quality pasture forage per day. That’s about 725 pounds less per cow over the course of a year — about an acre less per year of the pasture in the study. Plus, the black baldy females maintained a 0.5 higher body condition score throughout the research. These advantages translate to at least $50 of savings in annual feed costs per black baldy female.

Research in real-world production settings consistently documents the advantages of breeding Hereford bulls to straightbred and high-percentage black Angus cows to produce Hereford-sired black baldies.

For instance, heterosis studies conducted by the AHA at Harris

Ranch in California and Circle A Ranch in Missouri document superior performance of black baldy calves, compared to their straightbred black Angus counterparts. In these studies, baldy calves consistently weighed 15-20 pounds more at weaning. Black baldy females retained as replacements had a 7% higher pregnancy rate than their straightbred black Angus peers.

Apply these advantages to a 1,000head black Angus commercial cow herd and Hereford genetics can generate nearly $149,000 in additional revenue after just four years (see tables on opposite page). This is due to the fact you are getting more females bred, which gives you more pounds to sell. Keep in mind, the example offered in the tables disregards the savings in cow depreciation cost that comes with the ability to keep cows productive longer and flatten the herd age curve.

Previous and current AHA research projects compared Hereford-sired black baldy calves and breeding females to straightbred black Angus peers. Experience and logic say the results are similar for Hereford-sired red baldies and tiger-stripes.

Build back with more heterosis Persistent, widespread drought likely cleaved about 2.5 million beef cows from the U.S. cow herd between the most recent peak number in 2019 and the beginning of this year. That’s assuming the beef cow inventory was 3% less year over year when 2023 began. When the USDA releases numbers at the end of January, odds favor the percentage of decline being even higher.

That means individual producers and the collective industry have the opportunity to add lots more heterosis to the nation’s herd. In other words, there’s plenty of opportunity to increase net revenue potential.

Shane Bedwell is the chief operating officer and director of breed improvement of the American Hereford Association. He can be reached at sbedwell@hereford.org.

Study the data, count the dollars

Research in real-world production settings consistently documents the advantages of adding Hereford genetics to a black cow herd. The Harris Ranch heterosis project in California and the Circle A Ranch in Missouri both found baldy calves outperfomed straightbred black calves. In these studies, baldy calves

consistently weighed 15-20 pounds heavier at weaning compared to their straightbred black counterparts and baldy females showed a 7% higher pregnancy rate when compared to straightbred black females.

When these truths are applied, the dollars add up. When applied to a 1,000-head black cow herd, Hereford genetics

Hereford advantageSteer revenueCull heifer revenueTotal revenue

Year 1 $18,900 $6,882 $25,782

Year 2 $17,010 $6,188 $23,198

Year 3 $27,489 $9,824 $37,313 Year 4 $44,562 $17,973 $62,535 Total $107,961 $40,867 $148,828

can generate nearly $149,000 in additional revenue after just four years. This is due to the fact that you are getting more females bred, which in return gives you more pounds to sell. See the tables below for a full breakdown of how Hereford genetics add value to a straightbred black herd.

Asumptions:

1. Baldy calves weigh 15-20 pounds heavier than straight black calves a. Weaning weight (WW) of straight black steers is 550 pounds and WW for crossbred steers is 570 pounds b. WW of straight black heifers is 500 pounds and WW of crossbred heifers is 515 pounds 2. Calf price used was $2.10/cwt. for steers and $1.85/cwt. for heifers 3. Baldy females had a 7% higher pregnancy rate than straight bred females

In year one, the advantages of crossbreeding are apparent in total dollars generated in steer and cull heifer revenue because baldy calves have a heavier weaning weight.

Year 1

Production scenarioBroodstock Conception rate Total progeny Steer (s); heifer (h) split Steer revenue

Retention rate (assume 45%) Cull heifer revenue Hereford advantage: EquationTotalEquationTotalEquation Total EquationTotal Culls Equation Total Straightbred black operation 1,000 cows 90% 1000 x 0.90 900 900 head (hd) ÷ 2 450 s 450 h 450 hd x 550 lb. x $2.10 $519,750 450 hd x 0.45 202 248 248 hd x 500 lb. x $1.85 $229,400 Black cows crossed to Hereford bulls 1,000 cows 90% 1000 x 0.90 900 900 hd ÷ 2 450 s 450 h 450 hd x 570 lb. x $2.10 $538,650 450 hd x 0.45 202 248 248 hd x 515 lb. x $1.85 $236,282 Total difference 0 $18,900 $0 $6,882$25,782

In year two, heavier weaning weights continue to give baldy calves the edge.

Year 2

Production scenarioBroodstock Conception rate Total progeny Steer (s); heifer (h) split Steer revenue Retention rate (assume 45%) Cull heifer revenue Hereford advantage EquationTotalEquationTotalEquation Total Equation Total Culls Equation Total Straightbred black operation 900 cows 90% 900 x 0.90 810 810 hd ÷ 2 405 s 405 h 405 hd x 550 lb. x $2.10 $467,775 405 hd x 0.45 182223 223 hd x 500 lb. x $1.85 $206,275 Black cows crossed to Hereford bulls 900 cows 90% 900 x 0.90 810 810 hd ÷ 2 405 s 405 h 405 hd x 570 lb. x $2.10 $484,785 405 hd x 0.45 182223 223 hd x 515 lb. x $1.85 $212,463

Total difference 0 $17,010 $6,188$23,198

Year 3

operation

Black cows crossed to Hereford bulls

729 cows 90% 729 x

Cows and bulls have plenty of ground to cover at 6X Ranch, Mackay, Idaho, from a desert allotment at 4,500 feet elevation to forest ground at 9,000 feet.

Heterosis Pays

Economic and production benefits associated with heterosis are documented by decades of industry-wide research in commercial crossbreeding systems.

Direct heterosis — increased performance of the crossbred calf relative to the average of the straightbred parental breeds.

Survival to weaning – 1.9%

Weaning weight – 3.9%

Post weaning gain – 2.6%

Yearling weight – 3.8%

Feed conversion – 2.2%

Maternal heterosis — increased performance of the crossbred cow relative to the average of straightbred females of the parental breeds.

Calving rate – 3.7%

Weaning weight 3.8%

Longevity – 38%

Number of calves – 17.0%

Cumulative weaning weight – 25.3%

Hereford Heterosis Pays More

Hereford genetics offer more crossbreeding power because they are the least related to other Bos Taurus breeds, as documented by the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC).

Plus, Hereford’s unique, inherent genetic advantages compared to other breeds offer added breed complementarity, especially when crossed with Angus. Hereford advantages include:

• Docility

• Fertility

• Feed efficiency in the pasture and feedlot

• Longevity

• Production efficiency

Research consistently documents the advantage of Hereford-sired F1 black baldy heifers and steers compared to straightbred black Angus peers in the same production setting. Science and experience suggest these advantages would be similar in herds using Hereford bulls with Red Angus cows to produce red baldies. Unless otherwise noted, the research results below are from the multi-year Harris Ranch Heterosis Research Project completed in 2010.

Hereford-sired black baldy female advantages:

• 7% higher pregnancy rate

• More calves weaned per cow exposed

• $51 more per cow per year in net present value (2009 calculation)

• 3.5% more average rate of return on assets

• 2 pounds less pasture forage per day while maintaining more body condition1

Primary crossbreeding advantages are improvement of lowly heritable traits, such as those associated with reproduction, which are difficult to impact through direct selection pressure. Small, net-positive effects in multiple traits affecting commercial cow-calf profitability — pregnancy rate, calf livability, calf health, etc. — yield significant returns that are difficult to measure.

Crossbreeding value is most visible in the increased number of calves (lifetime), cow longevity and cumulative weaning weight (lifetime).

Developing and maintaining a crossbreeding system that captures maternal heterosis is critical to long-term profitability in the commercial cow-calf business. Likewise, increased production efficiency is crucial to maintaining social license to operate.

Black baldy cows require 1 acre less of moderate-quality forage per year compared to straightbred black Angus peers, according to Oklahoma State University research 1

Hereford-sired black baldy steer advantages:

• Heavier weaning weights

• Increased feed efficiency

• Lower cost of gain

• Lower feedlot breakeven

• $28 per head less feed cost across finishing period

Based on feed efficiency alone — breed differences documented by the USMARC — Hereford has a $51 per head advantage over the finishing period, when compared to Angus.2 Hereford's economic advantage increases as feed costs rise.

Commercial producers on the Gulf Coast and in the Southeast see similar advantages when using Hereford bulls on Brahman (Bos Indicus) cows to create what are commonly called “tiger-stripes” because of their unique hide markings. The tiger-stripe cow is recognized as the undisputed Queen of the South, just as the black baldy cow is regarded as unmatched in other parts of the country.

AHA’s futures research efforts include documenting tiger-stripe advantages as it has done with black baldies in the research mentioned above.

Hereford is the essential component to crossbreeding systems in the United States.

1On average, Oklahoma State University researchers measured about 2 pounds per day less moderate-quality forage (Oklahoma pasture) intake in the black baldy cows. On an annual basis the black baldy cows would be expected to consume about 725 pounds less forage.

2Calculation based on breed differences for feed efficiency documented by the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, using current feed costs (Oct. 2022).

same bulls and put them in the mountains where they will run at 8,500 to 9,000 feet,” Seal explains. “It isn’t a pasture setting; it’s range conditions, and it’s rough range. Our Hereford bulls have always held up. The feet and the structure have been good; no complaints. Breed comparison wise, we get a lot more crippled and soundness problems in our Angus bulls.”

In fact, Seal says he could run his Hereford bulls through 6 and 7 years of age if he wanted.

“They hold up. They’re still sound, and they can still breed cows. So, the longevity is really good. They just last,” Seal says. “I’m really happy with what Hereford has done for us maternally, their fertility and ability to run in rough country. These cows will run to 9,500 feet, but they also do great on the desert. Our bulls stay really sound. We haven’t had a lot of problems with soundness on them, even running in really rough conditions.”

Disposition pays

As alluded to earlier, Seal emphasizes that docility is another benefit that comes with Hereford bulls and their calves.

“The Angus bulls, I don’t go in the pen with them. I can pretty much walk up and pet every Hereford bull I’ve got, not to say they’re all like that, but it sure makes a big difference,” Seal says. “If you’ve got to gather a bull off forest or BLM (Bureau of Land Management) and load him, like I did yesterday, I’m able to walk those bulls in the trailer and they don’t seem to get hot; they stay pretty laid back and moderate. There are lots of breeds you don’t do that with.”

Likewise, Seal explains the disposition of the Hereford-sired black baldy females is evident.

“I love the disposition of my black baldy cows, and yet, they’re not pets. They’re range cows; they act like range cows, but they’re not wild and rank either,” Seal says. “We’ll take our replacement females into the arena, work them for about three

days and check disposition. Usually, your brockle-face and your baldies are really good, and the blacks are pretty good, and those that aren’t, you cull for that.”

The 6X Ranch runs two cow herds. One is straight black bred to Hereford bulls. The other is comprised of the black baldy and brockle-face females, which are bred back to Angus. Seal explains their working plan is to then breed Hereford back to the threequarter-blood Angus females.

Whatever the particular mix, Seal says incorporating Hereford genetics has bolstered 6X Ranch production and marketing opportunities.

“If people don’t like your cattle, or if the feed conversion isn’t what the feedlot needs, or the grade isn’t what the packer wants, you’ll find your cattle aren’t sustainable. And in a rough environment like this, a harsh environment with severe winters, and whether it’s a drought you’re facing, you’ve got to have a calf that’s appealing to the feeder to come back and buy him again next year. I don’t think that’s a problem with these cattle,” Seal says.

“They breed up and they’re earlier in their heat cycle," Mike Seal, 6X Ranch manager says of his Hereford-sired black baldy females, compared to the ranch’s straight blacks. "But then, when you bring them into the calving barn and have them in a close space, they’re so much nicer to handle and so much nicer to be around. You’re not getting calves and people run over.”

When we switched to Hereford bulls, we were told we

expect the baldy calves to grade as well, but they did: 92-96% Choice with some Prime. They grade very well, and they have feed conversion.

— Mike Seal, manager, 6X Ranch

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Angus herds. On average, commercial Angus herds can expect a 5 percent increase in weaning weights from heterosis. If the average cow raises seven calves, that’s an additional $248 in gross revenue. Multiply that by a herd of 250 cows and you are adding $62,000 to the bottom line

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Set to Climb

Declining numbers should lift cattle prices.

by Wes Ishmael

Cattle prices are poised to continue increasing this year as cattle numbers and beef production decrease, but the degree of incline could be tempered by high input costs and demand volatility related to raging inflation and slower economic growth.

For perspective, the USDA projected 2023 beef production at 26.27 billion pounds. That would be a staggering 2.14 billion pounds less (-7.5%) than the 2022 estimate. The wide swing is driven by significantly fewer beef cows heading into this year and last year’s record large beef production.

First, consider the record production.

“The pandemic in 2020 caused a backlog of cattle in feedlots and in the country. As a result, the estimated feeder supply on Jan. 1, 2021, was higher than 2020,” explained Derrell Peel, Extension livestock marketing specialist at Oklahoma State University, in his mid-November market comments. “The drought in 2021 and 2020 caused cattle to be marketed earlier than usual and resulted in reduced heifer retention and increased heifer and cow slaughter in 2021 and 2022. Early marketing of cattle, reduced heifer retention and herd liquidation have kept feedlot inventories higher in 2022 and temporarily increased beef production. Beef production is projected at a record large 28.4 billion pounds in 2022, as a result of the highest total cattle slaughter in 15 to 20 years.”

As for cow liquidation, year-todate beef cow and beef heifer slaughter through November represented the steepest decline of female beef cattle inventories in more than three decades, according to Peel. At the time, he noted beef cow slaughter was up 12.3% year over year and had been higher year over year for 70 consecutive weeks.

When USDA publishes the Cattle report at the end of this month it will likely indicate the nation’s beef cow herd was at least 3% less year over year.

Early-release tables for the USDA Agricultural Projections report from the Economic Research Service (ERS) project the beef cow inventory to be 1.1 million head fewer year over year Jan. 1 at about 29 million head. That would be 3.6% less than the same time a year earlier. The ERS projects the nation’s beef cow herd declining another 387,000 head (-1.3%) to 28.6 million head by Jan. 1, 2024, before rebounding to 29.1 million head Jan. 1, 2025. From there the herd grows slowly to 31.3 million head at the beginning of 2032.

Total cattle inventory in the projections decline 2.5 million head this year (-2.7%) to 89.4 million head and another 800,000 head next year (-0.9%) to 88.6 million head at the beginning of 2024.

Consumers, thus far, have absorbed large supplies of beef at record prices. As beef supplies tighten, some consumers may begin to ‘trade down’ as market prices ration a smaller supply of beef. Per capita beef consumption is expected to decrease in the coming year, not because beef demand is weak but simply because the available supply of beef will decrease.

— Derrell Peel, Extension livestock marketing specialist, Oklahoma State University

“With drought continuing, it is not clear what to expect for cow and heifer slaughter going forward,” Peel said. “It seems likely that many producers adjusted herd inventories, given hay and feed supplies, to be able get through the winter. This might mean that cow culling will slow down through the winter. If La Niña persists next spring, more liquidation can be expected going into the next growing season.”

Unfortunately, current weather models offer a dour outlook through next spring (see Parched, Page 64).

“If beef cow slaughter were to decline to equal year-ago levels for the remaining weeks of the year (2022), total beef cow slaughter for the year would be up 10.5% year over year,” Peel explained. “This would be a net beef cow herd culling rate of 13.1% for the year, a new record level. The actual culling rate is likely to be a little higher.”

Peel pointed out beef heifer slaughter remained higher year over

“How long we continue to contract will be directly impacted by drought and pasture conditions, explained Josh Maples, Extension livestock economist at Mississippi State University, in a November issue of Cattle Market Notes Weekly. “The current drought draws comparisons to the 2011-2013 and has led to similar liquidation impacts on the cattle inventory. Herd expansion will be difficult until the drought abates.” Then, he explained producer profitability will be the key to when the next expansion phase occurs and when the next cattle cycle begins.

The ERS increased expected feeder steer prices (750-800 pounds, Oklahoma City) for the fourth quarter of last year and the first quarter of this year, in November’s Livestock, Dairy and Poultry Outlook

“Despite higher operating costs, firm feedlot demand is expected for the remainder of 2022, and with current price data the fourthquarter 2022 price forecast for feeder steers is raised $3 to $176/ per hundredweight (cwt.),” according to ERS analysts. “Based on current price strength, the price projection in first-quarter 2023 is raised $2 to $177 per cwt.”

ERS projects feeder steer prices to be $190 in the second quarter of 2023 and $214 in the third quarter for an annual average price of $201.25. The estimated annual average price for 2022 was $165.68.

In the December World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE), ERS forecast the five-area direct weighted average fed steer price at $153 per cwt. in the first quarter of this year, $154 in the second and $166 in the third quarter with an annual average price of $156. The 2022 annual average price was projected at $144.15.

Beef demand holds so far

Domestic beef demand strength continues despite higher retail prices.

“Beef demand considers retail beef prices as well as the quantity of beef consumption,” Peel explained, in November. “The fact that

ERS projects this year’s feeder steer price to average about $35 more than last year at $201.25 per hundredweight.

retail beef prices this year are averaging higher at the same time as consumption is increasing is an indication of strong beef demand.”

The all-fresh retail beef price remained in a narrow range through October last year, from $7.37 per pound to $7.25 per pound, averaging $7.33 per pound, according to Peel. It was $6.95 during the same period in 2021.

Similar to retail prices, Peel explained wholesale beef prices also traded in a narrow range most of last year.

“Consumers, thus far, have absorbed large supplies of beef at record prices,” Peel said. “As beef supplies tighten, some consumers may begin to ‘trade down’ as market prices ration a smaller supply of beef. Per capita beef consumption is expected to decrease in the coming year, not because beef demand is weak but simply because the available supply of beef will decrease.”

Surprising some, international demand for U.S. beef also appeared to be on a record pace through the end of 2022.

Through October, based on data released by USDA and compiled by the U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF), beef export value was 18% more than the previous year’s record and was on pace to reach $10.05 billion – topping $10 billion in a single year for only the second time. January-October export volume was 1.25 million metric tons, up 4% from a year ago. Export value for January-October equated to $459.50 per head of fed slaughter, up 17% year over year.

Dan Halstrom, USMEF president and CEO, said the pace of U.S. beef exports was remarkable, considering strong headwinds, which included ongoing logistical challenges, declining buying power of international customers due to the strength of the U.S. dollar and ongoing COVID-19 restrictions in some parts of the world.

In the latest quarterly Outlook for U.S. Agricultural Trade, the ERS and USDA’s Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) projected U.S. beef export value $500 million higher for 2023 to $10.3 billion. Higher expectations were based on expected increased unit values as domestic beef production declines.

Global economy struggling

Cattle and Government

Some of the notions explored during the pandemic to bolster packing capacity and market transparency are starting to take shape.

Cattle contract library

In early December, the USDA published the final rule that will require packers to submit contractual information for the purchase of cattle. The rule applies to beef packers that slaughtered an average of not less than 5% of the number of fed cattle slaughtered nationally during the immediately preceding five calendar years.

The rule stems from the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2022, which directed the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) to create a Cattle Contracts Library Pilot Program (library) to increase market transparency for cattle producers.

Publication of the final rule, which goes into effect on Jan. 6, 2023, aims to ensure complete reporting of contractual information and volumes purchased against the contracts, including: supplemental information on cattle requirements; associated schedules of premiums and discounts; delivery and transportation terms and payments; appendices and agreements of financing, risk-sharing or profit sharing; or other financial arrangements associated with such contracts, whenever new contracts are offered, or existing contracts are updated.

“We are pleased that USDA listened to feedback from stakeholders like NCBA while crafting the final rule on the Cattle Contract Library Pilot Program. We are hopeful that this pilot program will strike an appropriate balance between offering cattle producers additional insight into the market while also protecting their proprietary business information,” said Tanner Beymer, senior director of government affairs for the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA).

Meat and poultry processing expansion

USDA announced in early November that the Biden Administration was investing $73 million in 21 grant projects through the first round of the Meat and Poultry Processing Expansion Program (MPPEP), which aims to support small to mid-size packing companies and expand the nation’s meat and poultry processing capacity.

For instance, Greater Omaha Packing Co. in Nebraska received a $20 million MPPEP grant that the company will use as part of a planned $100 million investment to upgrade and automate freezers, expand its wastewater system for increased capacity, remodel key areas for value-added further processing and increase its carcass holding coolers. In total, the Greater Omaha team estimates the capacity expansions will help the company process an additional 700 head of cattle per day. The company has long offered a value-added Hereford beef program.

“This significant investment will allow the company to remain competitive in the marketplace and continue to support our small family feeder operators while providing incremental value back to the producers,” said Henry Davis, CEO of Greater Omaha. “We believe the production expansions will keep us at the forefront of an ever-changing industry.”

“This opportunity to enhance our production capacity will make a difference across the supply chain, from the cattle producer to the retail operator and foodservice chef receiving a safe, premium product,” according to Mike Drury, president of Greater Omaha.

In addition to funding through MPPEP, the Administration is investing $75 million for eight projects through the Meat and Poultry Intermediary Lending Program, as well as more than $75 million for four meat and poultry-related projects through the Food Supply Chain Guaranteed Loan program.

“The global economic outlook for calendar year 2023 remains uncertain due to inflation, changing monetary policy conditions and trade disruptions caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine,” according to ERS-FAS analysts. “Previous growth projections are moderated due to tempered economic growth in Europe and North America.”

Although domestic economic growth was stronger than expected in the third quarter, the global economic outlook continued to weaken, according to the late-year World Economic Outlook (WEO) from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

“More than a third of the global economy will contract this year or next, while the three largest economies — the United States, the European Union and China — will continue to stall,” said WEO authors. “In short, the worst is yet to come, and for many people 2023 will feel like a recession.”

The IMF shaved 0.2% from its outlook for 2023 global economic growth, compared to the July projection. IMF forecasts global gross domestic product (GDP) to be 3.2% in 2022 and to be 2.7% this year.

“This is the weakest growth profile since 2001 except for the global financial crisis and the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and reflects significant slowdowns for the largest economies: a U.S. GDP contraction in the first half of 2022, a euro area contraction in the second half of 2022, and prolonged COVID-19 outbreaks and lockdowns in China with a growing property sector crisis,” explained IMF analysts.

The global economic outlook for calendar year 2023 remains uncertain due to inflation, changing monetary policy conditions and trade disruptions caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Previous growth projections are moderated due to tempered economic growth in Europe and North America.

— USDA Economic Research Service and Foreign Agricultural Service

Projections pegged U.S. economic growth at 1.6% in 2022 and 1.0% this year.

IMF analysts said risks to their quarterly outlook remained unusually large and to the downside.

Supplementing Performance

A balanced supplement program optimizes rumen microbes, digestion and cow performance.

by Katie Maupin Miller

Today’s nutrition can affect your cattle months later. Increased postpartum intervals, calves with less vigor, poorer quality colostrum, lighter weaning weights and even herd health challenges all plague cow herds in poor condition.

As Kansas State University professor and Extension beef cattle specialist Dale Blasi says, a beef cow in poor body condition feels like taking an old farm truck with lousy suspension through the pasture — every little bump along the way is incredibly jarring. And with more than two-thirds of America’s cow herd facing drought as of the last week of November, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor, many producers are facing limited forage options this winter. Blasi says this reality is compounded by other external economic factors not driven by Mother Nature, such as inflation, rising energy costs, etc. This all makes keeping your cow-calf operation in the black a bigger challenge.

With this perfect storm of dry conditions and turbulent input costs, producers are searching for supplementation solutions to optimize the delicate balance of feed costs and cow performance. Although there are no one-size-fits-all beef cow supplements, there are some guiding principles producers should keep in mind when tailoring their supplementation program. And unsurprisingly, a lot of supplementation success starts in the rumen.

Feeding the bugs

even missing macrominerals can keep the bugs from optimally performing their role in digestion. Or, as Blasi simply states, “We feed the rumen bugs to feed the cow.”

Purina beef cattle technical services director Ted Perry agrees that feeding the rumen bugs is the ultimate goal of any good supplementation program. When the rumen microbes are working at their peak performance, Perry says producers can get 20% more energy out of their forage. This means four bales of hay give cattle with healthy rumen microbes as much energy as five bales of hay gives your average herd. In drought, a 20% savings in forage is especially notable.

By feeding the rumen bugs, we get more out of the forage, but not only that, cattle can also physically eat more of the low-quality forage because the rumen can better ferment it.

— Ted Perry, Purina beef cattle technical services director

But drought does more than limit the quantity of forage; it also limits the quality. Forages’ protein, energy, digestibility and trace minerals are all affected during drought. And these lower-quality forages go hand-in-hand with a good supplementation program. Supplements serve cattle producers two-fold. They help fill in the nutritional gaps left by low-quality forages, and they give rumen microbes what they need to digest these forages better.

The largest compartment of cattle’s four-compartment stomach and the namesake of grazing animals, a healthy rumen, is paramount to supplementation success. The rumen houses more than a quadrillion microbes, protozoa, bacteria and fungi, which break down feedstuffs into useable energy and protein for the cow, according to Purina Animal Nutrition. The delicate internal ecosystem of “bugs” helps drive a cow’s body condition by how well the microbes break down feedstuffs and forages cattle consume. Changing pH, sudden feedstuff changes and

“By feeding the rumen bugs, we get more out of the forage, but not only that, cattle can also physically eat more of the low-quality forage because the rumen can better ferment it,” Perry says. “When you fill the rumen with poor-quality forage, you’re basically filling a fermentation vat with sticks. The only way you can put more sticks in there is if some sticks go out. The rumen microbes increase the rate of fermentation, so those sticks disappear faster. And not only are the cattle eating more forage because that forage is getting out of the way, but they’re getting more out of the forage because the rate and extent of digestibility is going up.”

Where to start

Blasi and Perry agree that creating a supplementation program for your cow herd starts with taking an inventory of your available forages and feedstuffs, followed by forage testing. This gives

back to forage to increase the size of their rumen and keep the rumen microbes working correctly. A sudden switch from feed to forage often leads to a BCS crash.

Blasi recommends producers use feed cost calculators, such as igrowlivestocktools. org/#!/calculators/feed-cost or agmanager. info/suppcost, to help find the most costeffective feedstuffs when creating a custom supplement program.

With all cattle supplementation methods — hand feeding cubes, limit feeding, lick tubs or blocks, etc. — there are pros and cons for producers to weigh within their operation. Take lick tubs, for example. Perry has seen them work well for producers because they often eliminate the “boss cow” problem, which can accompany hand feeding, and balance the BCS of both the thin and fat outliers to a more moderate ideal. Blasi sees lick tubs as a good convenience item for producers who live far from their cow herds but worries about non-feeders that may slip through the cracks. Both nutritionists agree that a key to a good supplementation program, no matter the method, is evaluating your cattle’s BCS and manure.

Checking your cows

BCS is the leading indicator that your supplementation plan is working. Both Blasi and Perry encourage producers to use it as an evaluation metric. Although Blasi adds that sometimes scoring

and Perry say from experience, cow herds in better condition simply perform better. They have fewer fertility problems, less herd health challenges and more pounds of weaned calves. Cow herd nutrition has a long-term effect on producers’ bottom lines, especially in times of drought and economic strife.

“I always maintain current situations result in the consequences six months later. So, the harvest and the forage quality conditions we experienced during the summer months have the consequence of the lower quality feed that we produce when we feed it six months later,” Blasi says. “And right now, with our feeding programs, and we’re getting ready to begin calving here before too long, we’re going to see the consequence of this in six months.”

And as Perry says, this means that a well-managed cow herd pays off well past the winter months.

“The number of times we have a big disease outbreak or a reproduction failure on cows on mineral with BCS 6 is none,” Perry says. “If I feed my cows mineral and monitor BCS, the cows will take care of 80% of everything else. Cows do a pretty good job in spite of us. Give the girls what they need when they need it, and then get out of their way.”

Supplements fill in the nutritional gaps left by available forages while helping the rumen operate more efficiently.

A cow’s body condition score is like a battery. If it gets too depleted, nothing will work.

— Dale Blasi Kansas State University professor and Extension beef cattle specialist

• 100 Bulls – two-year-olds, fall yearlings, and yearlings. All bulls are scored for calving ease and carcass traits, evaluated for soundness and disposition. Volume, thick, correct, hooves trimmed, horns tipped, ready to breed.

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Sustainability Snapshot — Part 1

Facts to share.

by Wes Ishmael

Discussions about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions’ role and cattle’s contribution to global warming can get deep and confusing in a hurry. With everything from the science and interpretations of the science to misinformation to raw emotions muddying the conversation, here are some key points and facts to keep in mind when such discussions occur.

Rather than being a culprit, beef cattle in the United States have the potential to help reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to global warming.

As a ruminant animal, beef cattle convert forages inedible by humans into nutrient-dense beef that is edible by humans — upcycling.

“Approximately 29% of the land in the United States is too wet, rocky, steep or arid to support cultivated agriculture.1 However, cattle graze on plants native to their surroundings that humans can’t eat,” according to Cattle: The Ultimate Upcyclers. “Their unique, fourcompartment stomach and digestive system is home to trillions of microbes. These microbes allow cattle to benefit and gain nutritional value from these sources that other animals can’t digest.”

Urgent global needs

“We know cattle are natural upcyclers. We also know how much more efficient U.S. beef production has become over time in terms of producing more beef with fewer cows on less land. The American cattle producer is the most efficient in the world,” says Jack Ward, executive vice president of the American Hereford Association (AHA). “But we also know the global population is expected to grow by almost 2 billion by 2050. So, how do we become more efficient and how do we, from a genetic standpoint, affect overall sustainability?”

The International Database (IDB) estimated the world population at 7.9 billion in 2022, 8.5 billion in 2030 and 9.7 billion in 2050. IDB estimates for the U.S. population are 337.3 million in 2022, 355.1 million in 2030 and 388.9 million in 2050.

The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations estimated 720 to 811 million people faced hunger in 2020.2 FAO estimated that 22% (149.2 million) children under 5 years of age were affected by stunting, 6.7% (45.4 million) were suffering from wasting and 5.7% (38.9 million) were overweight.

In 2021, USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS) estimated 10.2% (13.5 million households) in the United States were food insecure.3 “Food-insecure households had difficulty at some time during the year providing enough food for all their members because of a lack of resources,” according to the ERS report.

At the same time, the global average surface temperature continues to increase.

According to the 2021 Annual Climate Report from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the combined land and ocean temperature has increased at an average rate of 0.08 degrees Celsius per decade since 1880. The average rate of increase since 1981 has been more than twice that rate at 0.18 degrees Celsius.

The United Nations’ Paris Agreement on Climate Change — the United States is a member — seeks to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius and preferably to 1.5 degrees, compared to pre-industrial levels. Depending on the literature reviewed, scientists and policymakers say global temperatures beyond 2 degrees (Celsius) warmer than pre-industrial temperatures pose significant risk to the earth’s population.

Reducing GHG is a key strategy to achieve the temperature goal. Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide receive the primary reduction focus.

Cattle and GHG

“Greenhouse gases associated with the beef industry include carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. However, there’s a clear difference between biogenic carbon (ruminant digestion), and carbon from fossil fuels,” according to Beef’s Role in Greenhouse Gas Emissions. “While the biogenic carbon cycle happens on a short time scale, the cycle of carbon from fossil fuels takes 1,000 or more years. This is because carbon from burning fossil fuels comes from deep geological reserves (e.g. deep soils) that take thousands of years to be redeposited after being released. Therefore, while biogenic carbon has a short-lived impact on our climate, carbon from fossil fuels has a longstanding and much more significant impact on the environment.”4

Beef cattle produce approximately 2% of U.S. GHG emissions, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) GHG emissions inventory.5 Key sources are enteric methane — a byproduct of rumen fermentation — along with methane and nitrous oxide from manure.

In fact, the nation’s brood cow herd produces about 70% of beef cattle’s carbon footprint in the United States.6

“Between 1961 and 2019, the U.S. beef industry, through continued sustainability efforts and improved resource use, has reduced emissions per pound of beef produced by more than 40% while also producing more than 67% more beef per animal7,” according to Beef’s Role in Greenhouse Gas Emissions. “Emissions from cattle, including those that come from the feed production, fuel and electricity account for 3.7% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S.8 Currently, emissions from U.S. beef cattle are less than 0.5% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.8, 10 In fact, emissions from beef cattle represent 2.2% of total U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.9”

Even so, societal focus is demanding a smaller carbon footprint from the U.S. beef cattle industry. That requires increased production efficiency along with ways to directly reduce GHG emissions.

Genetics serve as an example of the latter.

Ward explains the Hereford breed is the first in the U.S. to tackle understanding genetic opportunities to reduce methane emissions and nitrogen excretion. Previous research indicates genetics play a significant role in both.

Documenting breed-specific GHG

The AHA is conducting collaborative research with Colorado State University’s (CSU) pioneering AgNext program to evaluate the breed’s genetics for methane production and nitrogen excretion.

“Beef industry stakeholders including the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association have committed to improving the environmental impact of U.S. cattle production. This project aims to develop a selection tool for the American Hereford Association and the broader cattle industry

Scope 3 emissions,” Ward says. “Overall, we believe this research will help us identify ways to magnify the gains the industry has already achieved.”

Genetics for efficiency

“Over time, we’ve documented the value of Hereford genetics in commercial cow herds in terms of fertility, longevity, feed efficiency and other traits associated with production efficiency. All of those things, as we understand currently, are going to have a positive effect in terms of sustainability as we move forward in the industry,” Ward says.

The Hereford breed’s inherent genetic advantages for production efficiency enhance the opportunity for beef cattle to reduce GHG emissions while providing more pounds of beef per cow bred.

Feed efficiency is perhaps the most striking Hereford advantage. Consider data from the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center documenting that Hereford consumed 1.7 pounds less feed per day when compared to Angus. This advantage equated to 191 pounds less corn per Hereford steer during the feeding period.

For broader perspective, this advantage multiplied by the number of fed cattle marketed as Certified Hereford Beef® in fiscal year 2021 equates to saving 31.6 million pounds of corn — enough corn to feed a 100,000-head feedlot for 19 days. Given that it takes about 54 gallons of water to produce 1 pound of corn, the Hereford advantage in this example saves an estimated 1.7 billion gallons of water.

Increased feed efficiency is also evident in the pasture. Research conducted by Oklahoma State University (OSU) documented that Hereford-sired black baldy females consumed about 2 pounds per day less moderate-quality forage (Oklahoma pasture) compared to straightbred Angus peers. On an annual basis the black baldy cows would be expected to consume about 725 pounds less forage.

gas emissions without sacrificing animal productivity,” says Kim Stackhouse-Lawson, Ph.D., director of AgNext.

By leveraging existing animal performance data and monitoring animal emissions, Stackhouse-Lawson explains the goal is to identify genetic traits that influence emissions from individual animals and then develop selection indices that can be used to select traits associated with lower emission levels, while maintaining, and ideally improving economic returns to producers.

Specifically, AHA-CSU research aims to enhance understanding of the genetic differences in seedstock relative to enteric methane production and nitrogen excretion.

Methane emission, as a genetic trait in cattle, appears to be moderately heritable with genetic correlations (modest to strong) to economically relevant production traits, such as measures of growth, dry matter intake and various estimates of feed efficiency.11

Previous research also suggests genetics play a significant role in nitrogen excretion by cattle.

“As with other moderate to highly heritable traits, genetic improvement is available, additive and permanent,” Ward says. “That’s a distinct advantage compared to options such as feed additives and feed processing, which must be continually added to the system.”

Ward emphasizes the U.S. beef cattle industry has a long history of demonstrating extraordinary gains in efficiency over time, using genetics, technology and management to produce more beef with fewer cows and less land.

“Increasingly, we also believe this kind of documentation will be useful to those in the supply chain who are required to track

Sources:

1USDA ERS. 2021. 2012 ERS Major Uses of Land. Found on USDA ERS - Major Land Uses.

“By using the crossbred female and taking advantage of lower feed intake and maintenance requirements of Hereford cattle in our crossbreeding system, we should be able to increase stocking rate or reduce the number of acres required by about one acre per cow-calf unit,” says Dave Lalman, OSU Extension beef cattle specialist.

Hereford genetics also offer advantages in cow fertility and longevity, especially when magnified through heterosis in planned crossbreeding systems.

Previous AHA research documents 7% higher pregnancy rate and more calves weaned per cow exposed, when comparing Hereford-sired black baldy females to straightbred black Angus cows in the same study.

Industry research across decades documents that maternal heterosis yields 38% more cow longevity, 17% more calves produced during the production lifetime and 25% more cumulative weaning weight, among other advantages. Benefits of direct heterosis include almost 2% increased calf survival to weaning and almost 4% more weaning weight.

The bottom line is fewer cows are needed to produce a similar amount of beef, and these cows and their progeny consume less feed to produce a similar amount of beef. This results in a gross reduction of GHG.

The second part of this story, which will run in the February Hereford World, will provide an overview of Scope 3 emissions and why many in the beef supply chain are scrambling to measure and reduce them.

If you’re looking for more details about these and other sustainability topics relative to beef cattle, check out the checkofffunded BeefResearch.org/programs/beef-sustainability and U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef goals at usrsb.org/goals

2USDA-NASS Quick Stats Tools. Available at: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/results/3AC161F7-F361-3A66-9B6C-2E1220FEBF52?pivot=short_desc.

3U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization. FAOSTAT Database – Food and agricultural data. Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home.

4EPA. 2019. Inventory of U. S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2017. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C.

5Lynch, et al. 2020. Demonstrating GWP*: a means of reporting warming-equivalent emissions that captures the contrasting impacts of short- and long-lived climate pollutants. Environmental Research Letters 15(4).

6Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World, 2021.

7USDA Economic Research Service. Household Food Security in the United States 2021.

8Beef Research. 2021. Quick Stat Calculations - Sustainability Research: Statistics on U.S. Improvements in Beef Production and Emission Intensity. https://www.beefresearch. org/programs/beef-sustainability.

9Beef Research. 2021. Quick Stat Calculations - Sustainability Research: Emissions. https://www.beefresearch.org/programs/beef-sustainability.

10IPCC, 2014: Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R.K. Pachauri and L.A. Meyer (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151 pp.

11Donoghue et al., 2015; Manzanilla-Pech et al., 2016; Basarb et al., 2013; Herd et al., 2014; Dini et al., 2018.

These units at Olsen Ranches, Harrisburg, Neb., collect individual methane emissions for the collaborative research project between the AHA and Colorado State University.

Beef Demand

What to expect in 2023.

by Sydnee Shive

Life in a post-pandemic world has been anything but ‘normal.’ Between unprecedented levels of inflation and severe drought, both consumers and producers are struggling. With consumer budgets tightening, Glynn

consumer goods, including beef, in 2023.

“Consumer demand for a lot of things is slipping in our economy,” Tonsor says. “I think it is that many U.S. residents are financially losing ground. The cost of goods

their household finances are being squeezed. That puts some limits on how much they’re willing to pay for ribeyes, ground beef and other proteins as well.”

Demand versus consumption

consumption’ is what producers most often see,” Tonsor says. “It’s not a demand metric. It’s a measure of how much we think the typical person, or the average person, in the U.S. consumes. It’s simply what we produce, adjusted for trade (put on a per-person basis).”

Consumption is just a volume number — there’s no information for value or price per pound included in the statistic.

“‘Demand’ is what economists would call the value that people put on the product,” Tonsor says. “So, it’s a schedule of how much you pay, given this volume or how many pounds you would buy for each price.”

For example, if ribeye steaks are $10 a pound, consumers buy more than if the steaks are $12 a pound.

Shrinking budgets

Demand for U.S. beef remained high in 2021 and 2022. Tonsor expects to see consumer beef demand drop — not below pre-pandemic levels — but still decrease, in 2023. Inflation and other economic factors are the driving force behind the expected decrease. It’s not that consumers don’t want beef; it’s that some are finding it more difficult to afford.

“I don’t think there’s evidence that the public doesn’t want protein,” Tonsor says. “I don’t think there’s evidence that beef has a product or an image problem, because demand has been quite good recently. The public wants the product, and the product is viewed favorably. But there are macroeconomic pressures, their ability to basically sustain strong demand has slipped. They can’t afford it as well as they could have six months ago.”

Beef demand is especially sensitive to income.

“Beef demand tends to get hit the hardest,” Tonsor says. “It’s one of the more expensive proteins on a per pound basis. If you need to squeeze $20 out of your household budget, you can get there quicker by taking one ribeye steak out and buying four chicken breasts. It’s the more expensive protein, so it’s the one that average-income households tend to pinch the hardest when there’s an income squeeze.”

Along with U.S. demand declining, Tonsor projects a decline in foreign demand. Tonsor says that while U.S. beef exports have been historically good, a decrease is likely.

“Foreign beef demand for U.S. beef has been very strong, but I would anticipate that to

slip through 2023,” Tonsor says. “Over the last three months, we were having some demand slip year over year. We kind of hit peak demand in June and July of this year.”

He says it’s important to understand the value of the U.S. dollar compared to other currencies, like the yen or euro. Until the U.S. dollar began strengthening a few months ago, international customers had more buying power and continued to import U.S. beef at a record pace.

“When our dollar is strong, it’s harder to export because our products are more expensive to foreign consumers,” Tonsor says. “But it appears that has caught up to us. The product is more expensive and global economic activity has slowed.”

Like the U.S., foreign countries and their consumers are struggling with inflation, too. Additionally, beef cattle numbers are projected to decline in 2023, which further complicates supply and demand.

“Inflation is not just a U.S. thing,” Tonsor says. “That’s the case around the globe. Foreign demand has slowed, and I anticipate that will continue into 2023. The other part of this: the amount of cattle we have in our system that are going to be harvested in 2023 is already declining.”

The USDA is projecting 2023 beef production at 26.27 billion pounds. That is 2.14 billion pounds less, or 7.5% less, than the 2022 estimate.

Producer impact No matter the direction of beef demand, cow-calf producers are affected.

“Beef demand has a direct, one-to-one relationship with cattle prices,” Tonsor says. “Economists have shown for over 50 years that when beef demand goes up, cattle prices go up. And when beef demand goes down, cattle prices go down.”

Historically, he explains increasing beef demand benefits cow-calf producers more than anyone in the supply chain. They also bear most of the brunt of declining demand. This stems from the fact that producers are unable to respond quickly to shifting demand.

“When things are really good, like in 2014 when beef demand was good, the world wanted more beef. We can’t create more calves overnight. The few calves that were available were worth a lot more, and that sent the signal to produce more calves,” Tonsor says. “Conversely, when beef demand is poor, that sends the signal that we don’t want as much beef. The cow-calf sector can’t respond quickly.”

Although beef demand may decline this year, keep in mind that it is projected to remain above prepandemic levels.

U.S. beef demand and exports are expected to remain above pre-pandemic levels in 2023.

“I wanted to give you our final close out on our steers. You can look at the numbers, but in a nutshell, we averaged 4.4 lbs/day (dry matter conversion of 4.45:1). This was sending them in the middle of December, weighing 620 lbs. We are selling them on the grid, with a base price of $137.00. Scott Hall, Circle 3 Feedyard, said this was the best cost of gain and daily gain he had fed in a very long time. We received a net savings from efficiency and carcass premium of $251/head, or over $20,000 for this pen. Kevin, I believe much of our quality is a function of the good bulls and females we have gotten from you. I so much appreciate your cattle quality and the way you have been very helpful to me. Thank you!”

— Jim Whitfield, Estancia Valley Cattle, McIntosh, New Mexico

Fighting Frostbite

by Heather Smith Thomas

Mother Nature sometimes presents ranchers with challenges during calving season. Summer-born calves may suffer heat stress and dehydration, and calves born in late winter or early spring may become chilled or suffer from frostbite. A chilled calf whose body temperature drops below 100 degrees Fahrenheit (F) needs warming (101.5 F is normal), and if its temperature becomes subnormal, it becomes an emergency. Extremities, like ears, tail and feet may freeze in severely cold weather.

No perfect time to calve

Folks who calve later, to avoid bad winter weather, sometimes run into the opposite extreme — hot weather.

“Newborns and young calves are also very vulnerable to heat stress and dehydration,” Hendrick says.

even though hind feet will freeze just as easily.

“There is usually some swelling after those tissues have been frozen. On the post-mortem table when we open up the skin of these frostbitten calves, there is bloodtinged swelling under the skin.”

Steve Hendrick, DVM, Coaldale Veterinary Clinic, Coaldale, Alberta, says bedding and windbreaks can help prevent frostbite in baby calves, but sometimes they get too cold before they can nurse and need to be warmed and dried.

“With hypothermia, what you do for them depends on how chilled they are,” Hendrick says.

A young calf in hot weather needs a lot of fluid, and if the calf is hot and doesn’t feel like nursing, it can dehydrate quickly.

Calving in early summer can also create challenges if cows are being bred in August, when heat stress can hinder fertility in cows and bulls. No matter what time of year you calve, there can occasionally be adverse events or disadvantages. A person should try to select what might work best in their own situation and have a plan in place to deal with possible problems. You might have really great weather for many years and think it’s perfect, and then get hit with unusual weather that can take a toll — unless you are prepared to deal with it.

Ted Clark, retired veterinarian and pathologist, has seen many cases of severe frostbite in his career, especially when doing postmortem cases at the University of Saskatchewan, where he worked for 30 years.

“Stockmen need to recognize the signs of frostbite and be aware of possible frostbite issues,” Clark says. “Sometimes this problem is confused with infectious arthritis because the calf is lame and sore. The lameness is more noticeable on the front feet because the calf tends to stand up on tiptoes, with knees cocked forward. The pain isn’t quite as noticeable in the hind feet,

Some just need to be in a warm, dry place until they warm up. Others are so cold that they need to be warmed more quickly — but carefully, since there is already some frostbite damage.

“Calves have a large surface area and less body mass compared to an adult cow and chill faster,” Hendrick says.

Even if the calf isn’t at immediate risk of freezing to death, it may lose ears or tail. If the feet are frozen to the point of losing them, euthanasia is the most humane option. Calves with short ears or tails don’t have many issues later in life, but they may be discounted at sale time.

Caring for chilled calves

If you find a calf that’s been out in the cold too long, assess how cold it is and how aggressively you need to restore warmth and circulation. Rectal temperature can be a clue. Check its ears, tail and feet.

“With severe frostbite, it’s obvious that the feet are frozen; the calf may not be able to move them, and they have no sensation,” Hendrick says.

A set of frozen ears or a frozen tail will be stiff and solid. Check the feet by pinching between the toes to see if the calf reacts. A pin prick just above the hoof can let you know if the calf can feel anything. If you warm the calf and the feet are still cold, there’s probably no blood circulation to the feet.

There are several ways to safely warm calves. If the calf is not severely cold, putting it in a warm box to help warm and dry may be enough, especially if you provide colostrum to give it energy. If a calf is very cold, however, with frostbitten extremities, a warm water bath may be better than a warming box.

The calf needs energy to generate body heat. Shivering increases circulation and helps warm the muscles, but that requires energy. Some calves will be too cold to shiver.

“Calves are born with fat stores for energy and insulation but go through that pretty fast when they are cold. They need colostrum, quickly, to provide energy,” Hendrick says.

When warming cold calves with a warm water bath, it’s best to not use hot water; it should not be above normal body temperature because you don’t want to risk further damage to skin that’s already compromised and damaged by cold. A really hot bath can also be too much shock to a cold calf.

“To prevent frozen ears on newborns, some people use earmuffs or fold the ears back against the body,” Hendrick says. “The most important thing, however, is just getting them dry and protecting them from severe wind and cold.”

Sickness and snow

A wet calf chills much more quickly than a dry calf, and a calf that is compromised in any way, like sick with scours, has a harder time keeping warm.

“During a cold spell, even older, larger animals have more

problems with cold if they are sick. In feedlots, we’ve seen cattle in sick pens end up with white hairs on the tips of their ears.

Some of the skin cells (including pigment-producing cells) died in the cold weather. Those cattle didn’t actually lose their ears, but because they were sick or compromised, circulation to the extremities wasn’t as good. Later on, this shows up as white tips or sometimes losing the tips of the ears,” Hendrick explains.

Young calves with scours readily freeze ears, tails and feet just because they are dehydrated and have poor circulation; the body moves what little fluid there is into the body core to keep important organs alive, and therefore the legs, ears and tail get cold.

“It’s not always the newborns that suffer frostbite; sometimes people are surprised when an older calf loses ears, a tail or feet, but anything that impairs blood circulation puts a calf at risk,” according to Hendrick.

Producers who calve in March, April and even May, can run into problems with late winter storms. The weather may not stay bitterly cold for a long period of time, but cold, wet snow can severely chill new calves or even older calves — and it can be worse if they are sick. A calf with pneumonia or scours is at high risk for hypothermia.

“In these later storms, the temperature might not be as cold, but being wet and cold can take a toll on older calves as well as newborns,” Hendrick says.

If a calf is cold and miserable, and maybe a little sick, he doesn’t feel like nursing. This creates more problems, because a calf that’s off feed doesn’t have the energy to create body heat. Wind can make cold weather many times worse. It whips away body heat, and a calf chills much faster than a larger animal.

“Some pastures have trees or natural protection, but in other areas, producers often set up wind fence or portable windbreaks,” Hendrick says. Emergency windbreaks can be created by putting out a row of large bales or setting up panels with tarps tied to them.

Cows need wind protection as much as the calves. After a severe storm, some cows may lose the tips of their ears or suffer from frostbitten teats. This can make their teats so sore they won’t let their calves nurse, creating another problem.

Purebred breeders calving in January and February usually have access to barns and shelter, but folks who calve later and expect to have good weather are sometimes caught by surprise with a late severe storm.

Producers should be proactive and prepared for anything.

“You might not have to deal with severely cold weather or wind this calving season,” Hendrick says. “But at some point, you will.”

Chilled calves can be frostbitten or worse.

Retrieve Added Value

Marketing programs for commercial cattlemen aren’t one-size-fits-all but finding ways to add dollars per head is always welcome.

The American Hereford Association (AHA) offers options for commercial producers to add value to their bald-faced and redhided genetics.

Hereford Advantage Program

The Hereford Advantage program is a verification program created to add value to Herefordinfluenced feeder cattle. The program utilizes a combination of basic, foundational values like health, genetics and management to connect Hereford-influenced calves with buyers looking for high-performing, healthy cattle.

Eligible calves are required to have source and age verification. The calves must be at least 50% Hereford genetics and be sired by a bull battery ranking in the top 50% of the breed for the Certified Hereford Beef ® (CHB$) index. Bull ownership should be transferred to the producer enrolling the cattle. Calves must have at least two rounds of vaccinations pre-weaning, and producers enrolling in the program must be Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) certified. Enrollment in the program costs $3 per head, which includes verification and an electronic identification (eID) tag. There is no minimum head count to participate.

Certification through the Hereford Advantage program can offer participants added marketing exposure, along with documentation of superior genetics. Program certification can be bundled with other verification programs through IMI Global. Contact IMI Global (imiglobal.com) or Trey Befort, director of AHA commercial programs (tbefort@herefordbeef.org), to get started.

Premium Red Baldy Program

The Premium Red Baldy program recognizes Herefordsired replacement heifers with a balance of maternal and carcass traits. The Premium Red Baldy program, a collaboration with the Red Angus Association of America (RAAA), is a tagging program designed to provide breeders and buyers access to premium replacement females

with added hybrid vigor. These females are backed by the whole-herd performance reporting programs utilized by both organizations.

Eligible females must be sired by bulls or originate from a bull battery in the top half (50%) of the breed for the Hereford Baldy Maternal Index (BMI$) or the Red Angus Profitability and Sustainability Index (ProS). Bulls should be transferred to the producer enrolling in the program. Although there is a small allowance for other breed influence in enrolled females, cattle must be red-hided and predominantly Hereford and Red Angus genetics.

Red Baldy program, the Maternal Advantage Program focuses on commercial replacement females. With their hybrid vigor and sought-after Hereford genetics, Hereford-sired tiger-stripe females and black baldy females are ideal for this program.

Females qualifying for the program must be sired by registered Hereford bulls. Bull batteries for participating females should rank in the top 50% of the breed for the BMI$ or the top 50% of the breed for the Brahman Influence Index (BII$), depending on the breed of female (British or Brahman).

Besides the hybrid vigor and genetically superior sires utilized,

carcass and performance data. Program participants contribute to improving AHA carcass expected progeny differences (EPDs) while gaining direct access to the Certified Hereford Beef ® (CHB) brand through National Beef.

To enroll in an AHA commercial program or to find more information about AHA commercial programs, visit Hereford.org/commercial or contact Trey Befort.

Premium Red Baldy BMI$ or ProS (Red Angus)

Maternal Advantage BMI$ or BII$

For all programs, bulls must have transferred ownership and rank in the top 50% of the breed for the respective index.

As producers begin to build back the nation’s cow herd, the Premium Red Baldy program promotes sustainable, profitable and high-quality commercial replacement females.

To enroll in the program, contact Trey Befort or Chessie Mitchell, RAAA tag program coordinator (chessie@redangus.org).

Maternal Advantage Program

It’s no secret that Hereford’s inherent genetic strengths include fertility, feed efficiency, profitability, docility and longevity. Similar to the Premium

producers building females for the Maternal Advantage Program have access to added market exposure, AHA replacement selection tools and AHA genetic improvement tools.

To participate in the program, contact Trey Befort.

Other Resources

Hereford Feedout Program

In conjunction with HRC Feed Yards, Scott City, Kan., the Hereford Feedout Program enables producers to feed out their cattle conveniently and costeffectively and collect essential

The American Hereford Association offers commercial producers added marketing opportunities.

AHA commercial programs overview Program Program logo

Index used

Hereford Advantage CHB$

Handle on HEALTH

Economics of Extending Days on Feed

Opportunity varies with how cattle are sold.

by Grant Crawford, Ph.D.

Continued pressure on cattle producers regarding high feed and input costs leads feedlot managers to evaluate days-on-feed (DOF).

As cattle grow and mature in the feed yard, the composition of gain changes. Fat gain increases and protein gain decreases proportionally for each pound of weight gained. Because fat is more energetically dense than protein (primarily water), total gain of live and hot carcass

weight (HCW) slows down as the animal matures.

Increased DOF improves quality grade but also increases risk of carcass discounts due to excess weight and/or increased yield grade. Additional DOF offers a different value structure for grid sellers versus live sellers due to carcass transfer and composition of gain.1

To find the balance of optimum feed efficiency to maximize return, look at historical closeouts and credible

serial slaughter research to see how different days on feed affect gain and carcass composition.

A recent serial harvest trial examined extended DOF for 7,000 head of cattle.2 Four groups of feedlot cattle were fed for 166, 180, 194 and 208 days.

Costs for dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed-to-gain ratio and cost-of-gain were calculated for each time period. Using the feed costs and yardage (fixed and non-feed operating costs), a total cost estimate was attained to evaluate the net revenue.

The goal was to analyze the economics of feeding cattle longer when sold on a live, carcass or grid basis based on current market conditions. Premiums and discounts for yield grade, quality grade and overweight carcasses were applied to determine profitability.

Live sale economics

• On days 166-180, total costs were $65.35/head. With an increased revenue of $57.96/ head (42 pounds at $1.38/ pound), the net incremental revenue was -$7.39/head.

• On days 180-194, total costs were $66.43/head. With an increased revenue of $53.82/ head (39 pounds at $1.38/ pound), the net incremental revenue was -$12.61/head.

• With these data, and feed and cattle cost assumptions, there was no value to feeding these cattle past their first harvest endpoint when selling on a live basis.

Carcass sale economics

• On days 166-180, total costs were $65.35/head. Carcass average daily gain was 2.20 pounds/day. With an increased revenue of $72.60/head (33 pounds at $2.20/pound), the net incremental revenue was $7.25/head.

• On days 180-194, total costs were $66.43/head. With an increased revenue of $66/head (30 pounds at $2.20/pound), the net incremental revenue was -$0.43/head.

• With these data, and feed and cattle cost assumptions, there was a $7.25/head additional return for feeding 14 additional days. After that, there was no added return for continuing to feed these cattle when sold on a carcass basis.

Grid sale economics

• On days 166-180, total costs were $65.35/head. With an increased revenue of $59.24/head, the net incremental revenue was -$6.11/head.

• On days 180-194, total costs were $66.43/head. With an increased revenue of $38.69/ head, the net incremental revenue was -$27.73/head.

• With these data, feed and cattle cost assumptions, there was no value to feeding these cattle past their first harvest endpoint when selling on a grid basis. Though quality grade improved and provided greater premiums, the discounts associated with Yield Grades 4 and 5 and overweight carcasses led to reduced returns when extending days on feed.

Key findings

Increasing DOF increased HCW but decreased ADG and gainto-feed ratio as fat deposition increased. While increasing DOF increased HCW and profit potential, there was added risk of yield grade discounts.

The results support extended DOF for carcass sales, but it’s important to pay close attention to yield grades and overweight premiums and discounts. The economics show that if selling live or on a grid, extending DOF presents very little to no opportunity for increased revenue, based on this data.

Implants and the feeding period Implants are critical tools to improve cattle feed efficiency; using the right implants can achieve a return on investment during each phase of production.

Implanting is one of the most researched, proven and consistent cattle production technologies on the market. These products have a tremendous return on investment by shifting the growth curve of cattle, resulting in improved efficiency through heavier, leaner and larger-framed animals.3

Implants offer significant value for feedlot cattle, helping achieve higher average daily gains and 10% to 15% greater feed efficiency.3 Implants with extended activity during the final finishing period help add carcass weight while maintaining carcass quality.

One field study1 observed that implanting heifers with an extended-release implant resulted in similar final body weight and HCW versus a more aggressive implant strategy. Researchers concluded that implant strategies substantially increase HCW and revenue and serve as important conduits of feed efficiency across all DOF. Other heifer studies have shown a slight advantage to an aggressive implant strategy compared with an extended-release implant.4 This advantage should be compared against the costs of reimplanting cattle when choosing an implant strategy.

Conclusion

Using serial slaughter data helps feed yards make informed decisions about the appropriate number of DOF to match their cattle and marketing opportunities. Consult with your nutritionist to develop a feeding and implant program to meet your profitability goals.

Editor’s note: Grant Crawford is associate director, cattle technical services, at Merck Animal Health.

US-NON-220600016 Copyright © 2022 Merck & Co. Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, and its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Sources:

1Ohnoutka et al. Evaluation of coated steroidal combination implants on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef heifers fed for constant or varying days on feed. Applied Animal Science, Volume 37, Issue 1, 2021, Pages 41-51, ISSN 2590-2865, https://doi.org/10.15232/aas.2020-02013.

2Martinez et al. The effect of three implant programs on performance, carcass outcomes, and activity of finishing steers fed different days on feed. Proceedings, Plains Nutrition Council Spring Conference, 8-9 April 2021, San Antonio, Texas, Page 110. Available from https://theplainsnutritioncouncil.com/web/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2021-PlainsNutrition-Council-Proceedings.pdf.

3Guiroy et al. The effects of implant strategy on finished body weight of beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, Volume 80, Issue 7, July 2002, Pages 1791-1800, https://doi. org/10.2527/2002.8071791x.

4Smith et al. A pooled analysis of six large-pen feedlot studies: effects of a noncoated initial and terminal implant compared with a single initial and delayed-release implant on arrival in feedlot heifers. Translational Animal Science, Volume 4, Issue 3, July 2020, txaa109, https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa109.

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PARCHED – Drought Persists

La Niña-driven drought continues for many U.S. cattle producers through the winter.

by Katie Maupin Miller

Widespread drought impacted more than two-thirds of the nation’s cow herd the last week of November, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. The current drought event is the longest contiguous drought covering more than 40% of the U.S. in modern times — nearly doubling the previous record of 68 weeks set by the 2012-13 drought (Figure 1).

Cow herds in Nebraska, California, Kentucky and Utah were parched with 100% of the respective state’s cattle in drought conditions, followed by 99% of Idaho’s cattle facing drought. Drought conditions were also drying up forage buying options with 60% of American hay acreage experiencing drought,

according to the same U.S. Drought Monitor. As producers weigh their options of wintering or selling some of their current cow herd, widespread, extreme drought continues across much of the West, the Great Basin and the centralto-southern Great Plains, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) predicts relief won’t come this winter.

Triple-dip La Niña

This winter marks the third consecutive year La Niña impacted U.S. weather, creating warmerthan-average temperatures from the Southwest along the Gulf Coast and into the eastern seaboard. NOAA’s U.S. Winter Outlook predicts more of the same with drier-than-average

1: Longest Streaks of U.S. Drought Coverage > 40%

114 weeks (Sep. 29, 2020 – Nov. 29, 2022)

68 weeks (Jun. 19, 2012 – Oct. 1, 2013)

65 weeks (Mar. 12, 2002 – Jun. 3, 2003)

conditions expected across the South through February 2023.

“The single largest factor driving the drought of 2020-22 is La Niña. This will be the third consecutive winter (2020-21, 2021-22, and 2022-23) featuring La Niña, which has been termed a ‘triple-dip’ event,” says Brad Rippey, USDA meteorologist. “Since the mid-20th century, this has only happened two other times, from 1973-76 and 1998-2001.”

Cattlemen and cattle women in the western U.S. have faced ongoing drought challenges throughout the 21st-century.

“Drought has become more common in recent decades from the Pacific Coast to the Plains,” Rippey says. “Some have termed the Western drought, which began during the previous triple-dip La Niña in the late 1990s and early 2000s, a mega-drought, due to its persistence. In parts of the West, as many as three out of every four years in the 21st century have been classified as drought years. This is especially true in parts of California and the Southwest.”

With La Niña driving winter weather again this year, meteorologists predict drier conditions in the South with colder, stormier weather in the northern half of the country during the winter and early-spring months.

Over the winter NOAA’s U.S. Winter Outlook predicts wetter-than-average conditions for the Pacific Northwest, northern Rockies, Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. Typical for winter weather driven by La Niña, expect to see drier-than-average conditions in California, the Southwest, the southern Rockies, southern Plains, Gulf Coast and the Southeast. This means much of the widespread drought will continue over the winter in the West, Southwest, Great Basin and Great Plains, and will develop across the South-central and Southeastern U.S. However, drought conditions are expected to improve across the Northwestern part of the country, according to NOAA. Winter temperature patterns mimic the precipitation predictions with warmer-than-average

temperatures favored in the Southwest, Great Basin, Southern Plains and Southeastern U.S., and below-normal-temperatures expected in the Pacific Northwest and western Great Lakes regions, as predicted by NOAA’s U.S. Winter Outlook.

The U.S. National Weather Service’s Climate Prediction Center favors a transition to El Niño/ Southern Oscillation neutral in February-April 2023 followed by a warmer-than-average summer for the entire country.

Coping

with the climate

Cattlemen and women have already made hard decisions regarding their cow herds with the ongoing arid conditions many are facing. The market commentary, Set to Climb, on page 26 continues the discussion on what impact drought-driven culling has had on the current cattle markets and what to expect in the future. For producers who chose to winter their cattle even in light of limited forage and feedstuffs, the feature story, Supplementing Performance, on page 32 offers insights on different cow herd supplementation options. And finally, for producers scrambling to find forage, don’t forget to check the free Hereford Marketplace for pasture and hay listings: Hereford.org/commercial/ marketplace/pasture-hay-listings/.

Additionally, as Rippey notes there are USDA-supported programs for producers impacted by drought and other weather events.

“The last couple of decades have been demonstrably difficult for the nation’s cattle producers, due to crazy weather extremes such as extreme heat, bitter cold, punishing drought and severe floods,” he says. “Since 2008, USDA has provided an automatic safety net for U.S. cattle producers in drought-affected areas through the Livestock Forage Disaster Program. Other USDA programs have also provided assistance due to drought and other natural disasters. USDA certainly recognizes the challenges of farming amid changing climate and weather extremes — and will continue to support the agricultural sector in any way we can.”

Cattle Areas in Drought (Nov. 29, 2022 U.S. Drought Monitor Data)

U.S. Seasonal Drought Outlook (Nov. 17, 2022 – Feb. 28, 2023)

Figure

2

Market Tracks

Consumer demand and dwindling cattle numbers support upward price trajectory.

by Wes Ishmael

Cash cattle prices continue to crawl higher, and Cattle futures suggest higher prices to come, although at a more moderate pace than three months earlier, as feed costs remain in the bleacher seats, interest rates move higher and overall inflation continues upward.

Prices for steers weighing 600-700 pounds ranged from 11.0% higher year over year in the Southeast to 12.8% higher in the North Central region, according to the mid-December Weekly Feeder and Stocker Cattle Summary from the Agricultural Marketing Service. The average steer price for the weight range was $198.44 per hundredweight (cwt.) in the North Central region, $194.78 in the South Central region and $165.02 in the Southeast.

The Dec. 9 CME Feeder Cattle Index was 11.4% higher than the same time a year earlier at $179.94. Spot January Feeder Cattle futures at the time were about 11% higher year over year at $183.65.

The five-area monthly weighted average direct fed steer price in November was 15.2% higher year over year on a live basis at $153.62 per cwt. The average steer price in the beef was 16.5% higher at $242.34.

Leverage shifts

However, wholesale beef prices are declining as fed cattle prices increase, cutting into packer margins and finally returning some leverage back to producers. For the first week of December, the Choice boxed beef cutout value was $20.52 less year over year at $246.23 per cwt. Select was $33.74 lower at $220.37.

Consumer preference for high-quality beef remains intact, based on weekly average premium and discounts the middle of December. Year over year, the average premium for Prime grading beef compared to Choice was $28.04 per cwt. Premium Choice compared to Choice was slightly higher than the same time a year earlier at $4.83. The discount between Choice and Select grew by $8.18 year over year to -$24.13. Although less than a year earlier, the Choice beef retail beef price in November remained historically high at $7.36 per pound. The all-fresh retail beef price was $7.15.

Keep in mind, consumers were paying those prices for recordlarge beef supplies. Year-to-date beef production the second week of December was 334.5 million pounds more than the same time a year earlier at 26.41 billion pounds. That was with an estimated 440,000 head more year-over-year total cattle slaughter as drought drove more beef cows and beef heifers to market. The USDA Economic Research Service projects beef production in 2023 significantly lower than last year (see Set to Climb, Pages 26-27).

International demand for U.S. beef also remained resilient through October. U.S. beef export value equated to $459.50 per head of fed slaughter, which was $65.36 more than the same time a year earlier.

1

AMS National Weekly Feeder & Stocker Cattle Summary, weeks ending 12/12/22

CME Feeder Cattle Index year over year 12/09/22

3

USDA Five-area monthly weighted average direct slaughter cattle (negotiated for November), published 12/08/22

4

National Weekly Boxed Beef Cutout and Boxed Beef Cuts (negotiated), weekly average for 12/05 to 12/09/22 and 12/06 to 12/10/21

5

USDA steer byproduct drop value (FOB central U.S.), 12/13/21 and 12/12/22

6National Weekly five area direct slaughter cattle premiums and discounts, weighted average 12/13/21 and 12/12/22

7Meat Price Spreads, Choice beef values and spreads and all fresh beef retail value, USDA ERS; monthly values (Nov.)

8U.S. Meat Export Foundation data Jan. to Oct. 2021 and 2022

9CME futures 12/12/22 year over year

10 WTI-CME 12/12/22 year over year

11Estimated weekly meat production under federal inspection, year to date 12/10/22

Regional Feeder Steer Prices1

North Central

Last year $/cwt. This year $/cwt. Change $/cwt.

600-700 lbs. 175.94 198.44 22.50 (+12.8%) 700-800 lbs. 167.11 184.54 17.43 (+10.4%) 800-900 lbs. 162.99 181.85 18.86 (+11.6%)

South Central

500-600 lbs. 173.20 194.78 21.58 (+12.4%)

600-700 lbs. 162.07 180.58 18.51 (+11.4%) 700-800 lbs. 160.74 176.59 15.85 (+9.9%)

Southeast

400-500 lbs. 169.88 182.46 12.58 (+7.4%) 500-600 lbs. 156.68 172.60 15.92 (+10.2%) 600-700 lbs. 148.61 165.02 16.41 (+11.0%)

CME Feeder Cattle Index2

Average Five-area Direct3

161.51 179.94 18.43 (+11.4%)

Live steer (FOB) 133.39 153.62 20.23 (+15.2%)

Dressed steer (Del) 207.97 242.34 34.37 (+16.5%)

Live heifer (FOB) 133.38 153.50 20.12 (+15.1%)

Dressed heifer (Del) 208.55 242.43 33.88 (+16.2%)

Wholesale Beef Prices4

Choice cutout value 266.75 246.23 -20.52 (-7.7%)

Select cutout value 254.11 220.37 -33.74 (-13.3%)

Byproduct value5 14.06 14.34 0.28 (+2.0%)

Average weekly slaughter premiums and discounts6

Prime over Choice 28.99 28.04 -0.95 (-3.3%)

Premium Choice over Choice 4.64 4.83 0.19 (+4.1%)

Select under Choice -15.95 -24.13 8.18 (+51.2%)

Retail beef prices7

Choice beef Retail Value 7.85 7.36 -0.49 (-6.2%)

All fresh beef Retail Value 7.52 7.15 -0.37 (-4.9%)

U.S. beef exports8

Value per head Fed slaughter 394.14 459.50 65.36 (+16.6%)

Futures prices9

Feeder Cattle Spot Jan 165.525 183.650 18.125 (+10.9%)

Mar 166.475 185.225 18.750 (+11.3%)

Live Cattle Spot Feb ‘23 138.850 156.100 17.250 (+12.4%)

Apr ‘23 142.375 159.900 17.525 (+12.3%)

Corn Spot Mar ‘23 5.500 6.540 1.040 (+18.9%)

Crude Oil10 Spot Feb ‘23 71.060 73.280 2.22 (+3.1%)

Estimated cattle slaughter

Last year million head This year million head Change thousand head

Total cattle slaughter11 31.51 31.95 440,000 (+1.4%)

Estimated beef production

Last year billion lbs. This year billion lbs. Change million lbs.

Total beef production11 26.08 26.41 334.5 (+1.3%)

Tough Breaks

Mending broken bones in young calves.

by Heather Smith Thomas

Cattle have strong bones, but occasionally suffer fractures, and it’s generally a leg. Often, it’s a young or newborn calf, and the fractured limb should be cast or splinted for proper healing. Calves’ legs are commonly broken when pulled with improper pressure, says Bill Lias, DVM, from Interstate Vet Clinic in Brandon, S.D. Other common causes of fractures include being stepped on by the cow or trampled. If cattle are spooked by dogs, predators or fighting, they may step on a young calf. Sometimes calves are accidentally struck or runover by a four-wheeler or off-road vehicle since newborns often hide in tall grass.

leg is much harder to stabilize than a fracture in the lower leg. “You need to immobilize the joint above and the joint below the fracture, and this is easier to do on the lower leg,” Lias says.

Another indicator of recovery is whether there is an open wound and contamination. “If a sharp piece of bone pokes through the skin, this is what we call an open fracture, and success rate for healing is lower because there is risk for infection in the bone.” You want to immobilize and protect the fracture before it pokes through the skin.

“I’ve had some open fractures heal, with good care — utilizing antibiotics and a good cast or

important, as long as the leg is functional after it heals, so the calf can make it to the feed bunk or be sound enough to become a cow.

Creating a cast

There are many ways to stabilize a leg fracture. Lias usually uses a fiberglass cast because it’s handy, quick and easy to apply. “Many producers repair their own fractures, however, and are very successful. Something as simple as a good splint and duct tape can work. Usually, three to four weeks of immobilization is adequate time for the bone to heal,” Lias says.

Robert Cope, DVM, has cast and splinted hundreds of broken legs in calves at his Salmon,

him out for about an hour. This gives a person time for what you need to do with the leg.”

It’s best if a veterinarian sedates the calf, though, because some of these drugs can be dangerous at the wrong dose.

To immobilize the leg, Cope starts with a stockinette, or a tube bandage made of soft, loosely knitted stretchy fabric, then pads it with roll cotton, wrapping with vet wrap to hold it securely in place. Then, he uses fiberglass vet-casting tape to create a cast. Generally, one six-inch roll of this “instant cast” tape is enough to do the job. This usually adequately immobilizes any fracture below the knee or hock.

“Breaks above the knee or hock are difficult because you need to stabilize the joint above and the joint below the fracture. It’s hard to do that with the stifle or elbow unless you use a special kind of crutch splint. The good news is that most fractures are on the lower leg — either from being stepped on or having a chain slip when the calf is being pulled — and those calves heal quickly,” Cope says.

Young bones are growing so fast that they can heal quite well even if the ends are somewhat displaced.

“The good thing about fractures in young calves is that they heal quickly. Their bones are growing so fast that they can grow new bone very effectively. Calves are also hardy and stoic; they can withstand the pain issues better than a foal, for instance,” Lias says, “which helps their chance for recovery.”

The location of the fracture dictates how easy or difficult it will be to stabilize. Higher up the

splint. Surprisingly, some of those calves do fine, so I don’t give up on them. They sometimes amaze us regarding their ability to heal,” Lias says.

Another factor that improves the prognosis of treating fractures in calves is that producers don’t require cattle to be athletes; cattlemen just need them to heal and make market weight. It doesn’t matter if a leg heals with a blemish. Having the bone perfectly set is not as

Idaho, practice over the last 44 years. “To get the broken bone set correctly so it can heal, it needs to be supported so it’s not weightbearing and then wrapped tightly so there’s no movement. It’s easier and most successful when we can keep the calf from moving and struggling while we apply the splint or cast. I like to give him a tiny bit of tranquilizer so he’s quiet,” he says. “I use about 1/12th of a cc of Rompum, which knocks

“There is a saying in human pediatric orthopedics that if the bone fragments are even just in the same room, they will eventually reach each other. If you get them fairly close together and reasonably straight, they will heal in about three weeks. I like to leave the cast on a little longer, just to be safe, but you also have to allow for growth of the calf — and not have the cast get too tight,” Cope explains. “Sometime between two and three weeks, I tranquilize the calf again (so he won’t be struggling) and cut the cast down the side. This makes a clam-shell effect so you can open it up a little and provide more room for the growing leg, and then tape it back together with more space for the leg. Give it another couple of weeks before you remove the cast, and the leg is healed.”

If you can keep the calf and its mother in a small pen where it doesn’t have to travel to follow her around, the leg will heal nicely.

“If the fracture is stabilized, usually the calf can keep up with mom, get up and down, and if he doesn’t have to travel long

Producers can create an emergency splint for calves with broken legs by simply wrapping the leg securely between alternating layers of cotton padding or towels and vet wrap or elastic bandage. This will keep the leg secure until a veterinarian can visit the ranch to apply a hard cast.

distances, the leg will heal. He needs to be in a place that’s clean and dry,” Lias says. You don’t want him walking through mud and manure.

“Anything you use for a cast that goes down to the hoof will wick moisture if the calf walks in mud or water,” Cope says. “The stockinette gets soggy and pulls moisture up into it.” If weather is wet, you’ll want that calf and cow in a sheltered place out of the snow or rain, and where the calf can’t walk in any water.

Quick splint

If a rancher needs to do emergency splinting to stabilize the leg until the veterinarian can apply a cast, Cope recommends using a lot of cotton and pressure from an elastic bandage.

“Then the important thing is to keep the calf really calm and quiet so he’s not trying to move around very much. You don’t want him walking around with risk for compounding that fracture (pushing the broken bone or a bone fragment through the skin),” he explains.

The best type of splint is simply layers and layers of padding. While PVC pipe works well for resolving contracted pasterns in newborn calves, it’s harder to make PVC pipe work to splint a fracture. It’s hard to find the right size of PVC pipe that fits the leg. Generally, the pipe will be too small or too big — never the right size.

“Unless it’s a good fit, it may do more harm than good,” Cope says. “Sometimes we use what is called a Robert Jones bandage, and all it consists of is a lot of cotton in a really tight wrap. If you can do that, you can stabilize a fracture pretty well, even better than with a PVC pipe splint. The pipe is awkward to use, whereas the wraps fit perfectly and snugly.”

The best padding is roll cotton, but if you don’t have any cotton, you can use small soft towels. “The trick is to have a lot of tight padding; it can’t be at all loose, and you have to apply it all the way down over the hoof, so you don’t cut the blood circulation off at the coronary band. This is why it’s helpful to have vet wrap and elastic bandages, applied in layers. If you use a lot of padding, put on one layer and wrap it down tight with the vet wrap or an elastic bandage, and then apply more padding over that, and then wrap it tight with another elastic bandage or vet wrap,” Cope says. “Then it is solid and secure and can’t slop around and get loose. If you can use multiple layers with multiple wraps, it will work very well.”

It’s padded and soft against the leg, but very solid. “You can get

this kind of wrap almost as hard/ solid as a cast. This will work for a few days, if necessary, but then you really need your vet to apply a cast. It’s almost impossible to loosen it (to allow for leg growth) without taking it completely off. If you have to take it clear off to reapply it, the unsupported healing leg is at risk if the calf struggles while you try to do it. Once your vet puts a cast on the leg, you can eventually cut it lengthwise (for enlargement), leaving half of it on, to keep the leg stable while you are doing it,)” Cope explains.

Fractures above the knee or hock, or above the elbow or stifle, are more difficult to

manage because it’s harder to stabilize the joint above it — the shoulder or hip. Sometimes a plastic dog splint (for a large dog) will work for a hind leg fracture between hock and stifle; this splint is shaped to fit the hind leg and can be applied after padding the leg and secured with stretchy tape.

“On a hind leg fracture above the stifle, you need to immobilize the hip joint and that’s very difficult to do without an elaborate cast or what we call a Thomas splint,” Lias says. “It can be done, but the expense may surpass the value of the calf unless it’s a valuable breeding animal.”

Often the only thing you can do is keep the calf in a confined area where it doesn’t have to move much at all, and sometimes these will heal.

Editor’s Note: Heather Smith Thomas and her husband, Lynn, have ranched near Salmon, Idaho, for more than four decades. She also writes cattle articles that appear in numerous U.S. and Canadian cattle publications, including Hereford World. She is the author of numerous books, including “The Cattle Health Handbook.”

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North American International Livestock Exposition

Cady, Buchholz and Kottkamp Grab Grand Banners in Louisville

FTZS Loretta 101J and EKS

DWK B26 Final Chapter J10 won the grand champion titles Nov. 15 at the 2022 North American International Livestock Exposition (NAILE) in Louisville, Ky. Judge Tyler Winegardener, Lima, Ohio, sorted the 186-head open show.

In the open female show, grand champion honors went to FTZS

yearling female and is an April 11, 2021, daughter of CH High Roller 756 ET.

Reserve grand champion female honors were awarded to GKB 2296 Elvira 497E J206 ET, exhibited by Madilyn Norvell, Tuttle, Okla. The Jan. 5, 2021, daughter of UPS Sensation 2296 ET was first named champion junior yearling female.

Desdemona, Texas; and Dylan Kottkamp, Clayton, Ind. The March 17, 2021, son of CRR 719 Catapult 109 was first named champion yearling bull.

SSF KKH 25E Pilgrim 107, owned by B.J. Herman & Sons, Edgerton, Ohio; Flatter Hereford Farms, Fairborn, Ohio; and Todd, Kim and Kasey Herman, Lima,

first won reserve champion yearling bull honors.

Clay Parker, Hahira, Ga.; and Conner and Calvin McQuaig, Ila, Ga., showed the champion cow-calf pair, JC 109 Hoosier Lady 1D. She is a Sept. 16, 2016, daughter of CRR 719 Catapult 109. Harrison Roberts, Williamsburg, Mass., exhibited the reserve champion cow-calf pair, Bofat

daughter

and reserve champion yearling bull, B.J. Herman

Sons, Edgerton, Ohio; Flatter Hereford Farms, Fairborn, Ohio; and Todd, Kim & Kasey Herman, Lima, Ohio, with a Feb. 24, 2021, son of Churchill Pilgrim

champion yearling bull, Gary & Kathy Buchholz, Desdemona, Texas; and Dylan Kottkamp, Clayton, Ind., with a March 17, 2021, son of CRR 719 Catapult 109.

The Premier Hereford Exhibitor and Premier Hereford Breeder went to Purple Reign Cattle Company, Toulon, Ill.

Junior show

HAWK Murphy 14J ET won the grand champion female title Nov. 12 at the 2022 NAILE junior Hereford

Additional division results

show in Louisville, Ky. Judge Chad Holtkamp, West Point, Iowa, sorted the 153-head show.

HAWK Murphy 14J ET, a March 26, 2021, daughter of KLD Marksman D87 ET, owned by Kinnick Paulsen, Preston, Iowa, was first named champion spring yearling female.

Champion division 1 spring heifer calf: Purple Reign Cattle Co., Toulon, Ill., with Purple HB Finley 96K ET by UPS Sensation 2296 ET.

Reserve champion division 1 spring heifer calf: Harper Starnes, Fort Payne, Ala., with HPH 103F Lauren 035J ET by Haroldson’s United 33D 36G.

Champion division 2 spring heifer calf: Boyert Cattle, Pleasantville, Iowa, with BOY Fiona 243K ET by UPS Sensation 2296 ET.

Reserve champion division 2 spring heifer calf: Olivia Neal, Osgood, Ind., with SCG Miss Classy Diana 201K ET by T/R BPF AmericanClassic 561CET.

Champion junior heifer calf: Hadley Dunklau, Wayne, Neb., with KLL KLD Toyger 1K ET by KLD RW Marksman D87 ET.

Reserve champion junior heifer calf: Stetson & Blakely Storey, Stockton, Ill., with Purple L MAY Trudy 200K ET by KLD EB Trump D58.

Champion senior heifer calf: Ella Bane, Towanda, Ill., with RGR Janet 150J by KLD RW Marksman D87 ET.

Reserve champion senior heifer calf: Kathryn Coleman, Modesto, Calif., with BACC 629 Georgia Kay 165 ET by BR Copper 124Y.

Champion intermediate female: Sara Sullivan, Dunlap, Iowa, with Purple Levita 100J ET by CRR 8Y Leverage 971.

Reserve champion intermediate female: Blakely & Stetson Storey, with HL BOY Jawanda 092J ET by KJ BJ 58Z Contender D56 ET.

Reserve champion spring yearling female: Suter Clark, Gretna, Va., with Purple Geraldene 34J ET by CRR About Time 743.

Reserve champion junior yearling female: Nicholas Torrance, Media, Ill., with WR 2296 Katniss 2J by UPS Sensation 2296 ET.

Champion senior yearling female: Harper Starnes, with SFCC TRM Lady Endure 0254 ET by NJW 79Z Z311 Endure 173D ET.

Reserve champion senior yearling female: Bailey & Shelby Pearl, DuQuoin, Ill., with BP SP EF 88X Henrietta 45H ET by NJW 98S R117 Ribeye 88X ET.

Champion spring bull calf: M&M Cattle Co., West Burlington, N.Y., with M&M 611 Kingsman 207 by CH High Roller 756 ET.

Reserve champion spring bull calf: Gary & Kathy Buchholz, Desdemona, Texas, with GKB 8688 6011 BelleAir K102 ET by BR Belle Air 6011.

Champion junior bull calf: Steven Green, Munfordville, Ky., with Green 132E Benz 119K ET by NJW 76C 10W Whitmore 132E.

Reserve champion junior bull calf: Kaia Howe, Wagontown, Pa., with DJF 9156 Influence 2K ET by Pyramid DJF Influence 9156.

Champion senior bull calf: Payton Farmer, Brownstown, Ind., with CFCC OG Victor 120J by UPS Sensation 2296 ET.

Reserve champion senior bull calf: Todd, Kim & Kasey Herman, Lima, Ohio; B.J. Herman & Sons, Edgerton, Ohio; and Stumpf Land and Cattle, Columbia, Ill., with SSF KKH 15U Standard 132 ET by JDH AH Standout 16G ET.

Champion intermediate bull: Mary Carter Shirley, Sparta, Tenn., with MCS Hot Topic 121 by CH High Roller 756 ET.

Reserve champion intermediate bull: Amberlyn & Graylyn Christenbury, Starr, S.C.; and Matthew Murphy, Calhoun, Ga., with MTM 2296 714 Archimedes 123 ET by UPS Sensation 2296 ET.

Reserve grand champion female honors were awarded to GKB 2296 Elvira 497E J206 ET, exhibited by Madilyn Norvell, Tuttle, Okla. The Jan. 5, 2021, daughter of UPS Sensation 2296 ET was first named champion junior yearling female.

Visit Hereford.org for complete show results.

Editor’s Note: The EPDs published are reflective of the show date. Visit Hereford.org to view current EPDs.

Junior Show

JC 109 Hoosier Lady 1D

Champion cow-calf pair, Clay Parker, Hahira, Ga.; and Conner & Calvin McQuaig, Ila, Ga., with a Sept. 16, 2016, daughter of CRR 719 Catapult 109.

Bofat Hill 17Y Daydream 31F Reserve champion cow-calf pair, Harrison Roberts, Williamsburg, Mass., with a March 16, 2018, daughter of TH 22R 16S Lambeau 17Y.

Premier exhibitor & premier breeder – Purple Reign Cattle Co., Toulon, Ill. (Not pictured)

Blume Herefords

Michael Blume

Pierre, SD | (605) 870-0052

Cane Creek Cattle Company

Casey Perman Grenham, SD | (605) 520-9087

Covey Cattle

Calah Covey Hamill, SD | (605) 840-1334

Covey Cattle

Craig Covey Hamill, SD | (605) 840-1334

Ernst Herefords

Marhsall Ernst Windsor, CO | (970) 381-6316

Fawcett’s Elm Creek Ranch Dan Fawcett Ree Heights, SD | (605) 943-5664

Hanson’s Polled Herefords Sherry Hanson Conde, SD | (605) 382-7477

Holt Cattle Co Jordan Holt Mina, SD | (605) 380-1209

Kegley Farms Kurt Kegley Burlington, WI | (414) 254-2379

Kleine, Robin K Robin Kleine Sioux Falls, SD | (219) 306-0323

Knutson, Kinlee

Kinlee Knutson Clinton, WI | (608) 751-9167

Knutson, Kolton Kolton Knutson Clinton, WI | (608) 732-4955

Krebs Cattle Company

Kaleigh Krebs Gordon, NE | (308) 360-0300

Lazy VK Herefords Jared Schinzel Burns, WY | (970) 290-1742

Lindstrom Cattle Company

Michael Lindstrom Centerville, SD | (605) 300-0297

LNJ Farms and Ranch Lyla Bothe Aurora, SD | (605) 691-3290

Lucky U Cattle

Jon & Johanna Bouma Stevensvills, MT | (406) 799-2973

Muller Cattle

Steven Muller Agar, SD | (605) 359-0667

Muller, Glenn Glenn Muller D Davis, SD | (605) 359-0668

Neilyne Genetics

David & Ann Neil Pine Island, MN | (507) 696-3386

Petrilena Herefords

Mike Petrilena

Keenesburg, CO | (720) 955-1266

Pieper Livestock

Gary, SD | (605) 520-6106

Sander Herefords

Rhonda Sander Custer, SD | (605) 673-4205

TSR Cattle Co. Troy Rasmussen Aurora, SD | (605) 690-0100

Walsh Family Herefords Jackson Walsh DeGraff, MN | (320) 368-0225

West, Jerry & Katie Katie & Jerry West Harrisburg, NE | (701) 870-0385

Whispering Pine Farms

Jason & Marcy McDonald Hot Springs, MT | (320) 221-0280

White Ranch Jeff White Menomonie, WI | (715) 556-0526

Wilhelm Cattle

William Wilhelm Sundance, WY | (307) 281-5896

Wirth Herefords Lance Wirth New Richmond, WI | (715) 377-6876

ACT’s Playbook

Building a Board

A personal board of advisers provides business feedback.

Running a farm or ranch can sometimes seem like feeling lonely in a crowd. Farm leaders are often surrounded by people, especially family. There are spouses, children, in-laws, children’s in-laws, parents and even grandparents that are often involved — whether they have real contributions or simply real expectations about how the operation performs and sustains. Yet, as the leader, when you need to make a major decision, to whom do you turn for advice? When you are considering a new project or a major change, do you collect unbiased feedback? For industry insights, how do you stay informed — through the news and social media or rather via smart, savvy people in the know?

If you don’t have an answer to any or all of these, let me provide a possible solution: create your own board of advisers.

A personal board of advisers (BOA) gathers in an informal setting (or even via phone or online meeting) for you to share operational and business decisions. It’s important to note that we’re not talking about a board of directors, with specific governance or fiduciary responsibilities.

The advisory team I advocate for creating isn’t paid nor does it have any legal right

to make official decisions on your behalf. The adviser role is more like a group of mentors with relevant experience and a willingness to give you solid feedback and be available if you need them.

A BOA is one way to access great resources and continue building powerful connections.

Five tips to create a personal BOA Creating a BOA sounds simple, and it is, but getting started can seem a bit daunting. Here are some tips I’ve used.

No. 1: Decide on your objectives for creating a BOA Busy professionals want to feel their time is valued. So, create a short list of objectives and purpose for your BOA. Be as specific as you can knowing there will be changes along the way. For example, if you are launching a new company or major farm expansion, let your possible advisers know you’ll be seeking counsel on start-up questions.

No. 2: Selection of BOA members is critical — Your purpose and goals will guide your choices for advisers. Using the business start-up example above, selecting someone who has launched a company or left a job to start a freelance business

would be a solid choice. Perhaps someone with a lending or financial background would fit. The key tip for selecting BOA members is to avoid friends and family unless they have completely relevant professional experience.

No. 3: Formally ask and explain the time commitment — The first question anyone is going to ask when you inquire will be about time. Build that into your objectives. Also, don’t assume people who like you will want to be part of a BOA — and don’t take offense if they don’t. Approach people formally with the request, like you would a job interview, rather than just guessing that someone you respect would like to serve in this capacity.

No. 4: Create regular contact — A BOA is different than a single mentor or peer in that you’ve created your own custom group. As such, I advocate that you facilitate regular connections between that group. You could host a quarterly Zoom call, for example. Or, you could do an e-mail distribution list. Establish the timing and frequency before asking members and provide a list of questions or a brief agenda whenever you gather your BOA.

No. 5: Give value back — I created a BOA for my grant writing company. I know one of the reasons I was able to obtain the willingness of such awesome people was that they also wanted to talk to each other. During each quarterly meeting or call, we took turns sharing industry insights from our unique arena before I asked for help and feedback. The group came to value the connections I offered them.

Bonus tip: Consider rotating people off your board as needed — People change and so do your needs and their available time. Consider setting term limits up front and rotating people off the board. You can always adjust this later, but I found that I was more apt to get powerhouse advisers when I only asked for a finite amount of time. My first request was to join my BOA for 12 months and reassess. After a year, some stayed and some went, but those that went also offered great suggestions for replacements.

Sarah Beth Aubrey is an entrepreneur and founder of Aubrey Coaching and Training (ACT). She can be reached at sarah@sarahbethaubrey.com.

| by Sarah Beth Aubrey

Jon Ray 75 Salem Ridge Rd. Brooksville, KY 41004 606-782-1737 jhrmhr2@yahoo.com

Danny Miller

4850 Caldwell Ridge Rd. Knifley, KY 42753 270-465-6984 jmsfarm@msn.com www.jmspolledherefords.com

Butch and Maryellen W16163 U.S. Hwy. 10 Fairchild, WI 54741 715-597-2036 Brandon 715-533-2470 Garritt 715-586-0033 Michael 715-533-3370 Ryan, Tiff and Andrew Timm 507-433-1183 cmboettcher@centurytel.net www.brookviewacres.com Harold and Connie Lietzau 7477 Iband Ave. Sparta, WI 54656 608-633-2875

Troy and Michelle Jaydon, Devon and Jocelyn Taylor and Ty Taylor cell 608-487-0015

Sales Digest

Nebraska Hereford Assn.

Kearney, Neb. | Nov. 4

Auctioneer: Matt Lowery

Reported by: Alex Acheson

Lots Gross Average

18 females $61,600 $3,422 17 steers $52,450 $3,085

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$6,750 — DR WS Marla 203

DOB 2/10/2022, by NJW 79Z 6589 Toolbox 220G ET, consigned by Diamond Ring Herefords, Taylor, sold to Devin Danielson, Aurora.

$5,500 — LAR Mertie’s Cantina 203 ET

DOB 3/14/2022, by Haroldson’s United 33D 36G, consigned by Fletcher Larsen, Valentine, sold to Abby, Owen & Emma Stallbaumer, Oconto.

$5,000 — VCR 29H Amelia 238K

DOB 3/20/2022, by VCR 173D Hombre 29H, consigned by Valley Creek Ranch, Fairbury, sold to Charles Snodgrass, Rozel, Kan.

$5,000 — VCR 29H Karma 248K

DOB 3/25/2022, by VCR 173D Hombre 29H, consigned by Valley Creek Ranch, sold to Landon Pesek, Western.

TOP STEER LOTS

$5,600 — GLM 302 Goose 2207 ET

DOB 1/31/2022, by CH High Roller 756 ET, consigned by GLM Herefords, Marysville, Kan., sold to Brayson Mayo, Scott City, Kan.

$5,000 — Land Sensation 2296 2040ET

DOB 4/2/2022, by UPS Sensation 2296 ET, consigned by Landgren Ranch, Bartlett, sold to Emma Stallbaumer.

$5,000 — Bar M Gatsby 2231

DOB 4/26/2022, by K Gatsby 922 ET, consigned by Persons Bar M Herefords, Hordville, sold to Wyatt & Weston Stemick, Pierce.

Burns Farms

Pikeville, Tenn. | Nov. 5

Auctioneer: Dustin Layton

Reported by: Tommy Coley

Lots Gross Average 54 bulls $183,300 $3,394 15 females $29,600 $1,973 69 total $212,900 $3,086 115 comm. females $184,075 $1,601

TOP BULL LOTS

$10,000 — BF Contender 0258 ET

DOB 9/5/2020, by KJ BJ 58Z Contender D56 ET, sold to Ogg Farms, Adams.

$8,500 — BF The Beginning 7J ET

DOB 4/7/2021, by Loewen Genesis G16 ET, sold to Rick Marshall, Christiana.

$7,000 — BF Contender 0399 ET

DOB 11/9/2020, by KJ BJ 58Z Contender D56 ET, sold to Circle K Cattle Co., Beaumont, Texas.

$6,000 — BF Contender 0334

DOB 9/16/2020, by KJ BJ 58Z Contender D56 ET, sold to Circle K Cattle Co.

$6,000 — BF Blue Print 0401 ET

DOB 11/10/2020, by Boyd 31Z Blueprint 6153, sold to Colin & Caleb Huelsmann, Raleigh, Ill.

$6,000 — JWL LGF Catapult In Time

DOB 1/25/2020, by CRR 109 Catapult 322, sold to Columbia Livestock Market, Lake City, Fla.

$6,000 — CLC D56 Contender 725 24J

DOB 2/4/2021, by KJ BJ 58Z Contender D56 ET, sold to Columbia Livestock Market.

TOP FEMALE LOT

$3,250 — BF Requiem 0278 ET

DOB 9/11/2020, by BF 424 Regard 34F ET, sold to Todd Farms, Wilbersville.

Combined Excellence

Lebanon, Ohio | Nov. 5

Auctioneer: Gene Steiner

Reported by: Noah Benedict

Lots Gross Average 23 females $58,600 $2,548 21 comm. females $34,200 $1,629

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$4,700 — NS Z311 Martha 21F

DOB 2/18/2018, by KCF Bennett Encore Z311 ET, consigned by NS Polled Herefords, Lebanon, sold to Silo Tree Farm, Lebanon.

$4,300 — ODIAM 202B Kate 403D DOB 4/22/2016, by ODIAM On Track 202B, consigned by O’Diam Polled Herefords, Farmersville, sold to Dale Vonderhaar, Eaton; and March twin heifer calves, by JLCS 2504 Synergy H14, sold to David Obanion, Waynesville.

$4,300 — BRI 485T Redemption 1016D DOB 9/4/2016, by KJ HVH 33N Redeem 485T ET, consigned by O’Diam Polled Herefords, sold to NS Polled Herefords.

Barnes Herefords

Cedartown, Ga. | Nov. 6

Auctioneer: Dustin Layton

Reported by: Tommy Coley

Lots Gross Average 30 bulls $97,250 $3,242 82 comm. females $127,950 $1,560

TOP BULL LOTS

$6,500 — RMB 173D 037E Whitlock 953J DOB 2/19/2021, by NJW 79Z Z311 Endure 173D ET, sold to JM Cattle Co. LLC, Lawrenceburg, Tenn.

$6,000 — Beall Expressive 109J ET DOB 4/15/2021, by NJW 79Z Z311 Endure 173D ET, sold to Chaney Cattle Co., Grove, Okla. $5,000 — RMB 1838 12G Whitlock 949J DOB 2/18/2021, by Innisfail Endorse 4021 1838 ET, sold to TMC Land & Cattle Co. LLC, Wartrace, Tenn. $5,000 — RMB 002G 487F Whitlock 008J DOB 9/14/2021, by GVR Revolution Trust 1173 002G, sold to Hicks Polled Herefords, Cullman, Ala.

P&R Herefords

Trail, Okla. | Nov. 7

Auctioneer: Dustin Layton

Reported by: Colton Pratz

Lots Gross Average 40 bulls $210,500 $5,263 25 females $50,850 $2,034 65 total $261,350 $4,021 8 comm. females $14,400 $1,800

TOP BULL LOTS

$9,500 — GBR L1 8306F 144

DOB 2/19/2021, by HH Advance 8306F, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb, Canton.

$9,000 — P&R Advancer L 143J

DOB 2/14/2021, by JCS 3548 Domino 7166, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb.

$9,000 — P&R Advancer L 127J

DOB 2/4/2021, by P&R Advancer L 636D ET, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb.

$9,000 — GBR L1 915 138

DOB 2/10/2021, by GBR L1 4265 915, sold to Huff Ranch, Alison, Texas.

$8,500 — P&R Advancer L 198J

DOB 4/18/2021, by P&R Advancer L 723E, sold to Redgate Ranches, Waynoka. $8,500 — GBR L1 8306F 131

DOB 2/8/2021, by HH Advance 8306F, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb. $8,000 — GBR L1 8306F 123

DOB 2/4/2021, by HH Advance 8306F, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb.

$8,000 — GBR L1 8116F 129

DOB 2/6/2021, by HH Advance 8116F ET, sold to Huff Ranch.

$7,500 — P&R Advancer L 134J

DOB 2/6/2021, by P&R Advancer L 723E, sold to Brandon & Clayton Webb.

Barber Ranch

San Saba, Texas | Nov. 9

Auctioneer: Dustin Layton Reported by: Colton Pratz

Lots Gross Average 104 bulls $844,000 $8,115

TOP BULL LOTS

$50,000 — BR Blueprint 1208

DOB 4/14/2021, by Boyd 31Z Blueprint 6153, sold to Knox Bros. Herefords, San Angelo (1/2 interest).

$25,000 — BR Travis J050 ET DOB 3/21/2021, by BR 124Y Travis E132 ET, sold to Vesper Ranch, Cotulla. $20,000 — BR Genesis 1202 DOB 4/12/2021, by Loewen Genesis G16 ET, sold to Sidwell Herefords, Carr, Colo. $18,500 — BR KH Charlie 1021

DOB 1/12/2021, by BR Charles Hutton 6033, sold to Mann Cattle Co., Lubbock. $17,000 — BR Blueprint J001 ET

DOB 1/2/2021, by Boyd 31Z Blueprint 6153, sold to Que Pasa Cattle Co., Golinda. $16,000 — BR Endure J042 ET DOB 3/23/2021, by NJW 79Z Z311 Endure 173D ET, sold to LT Cattle Co., Silver City, N.M. $16,000 — BR E044 Special Order 1161 DOB 3/19/2021, by BR Special Order E044 ET, sold to Crawford Cattle Co. LLC, Cleveland. $13,000 — BR Genesis J048 ET DOB 3/20/2021, by Loewen Genesis G16 ET, sold to Clay Cole, Hamlin.

$13,000 — BR Floyd 1137

DOB 3/9/2021, by BR Encore E120A ET, sold to Kelcal Inc., Boerne.

$12,500 — BR Genesis J036 ET

DOB 3/13/2021, by Loewen Genesis G16 ET, sold to Kelcal Inc.

$12,500 — BR Floyd 1154

DOB 3/16/2021, by BR Encore E120A ET, sold to Scharbauer Ranches, Midland. $12,000 — BR 4030 Hutton 1178

DOB 3/27/2021, by BR Hutton 4030ET, sold to Scharbauer Ranches.

$12,000 — BR E085 Encore J012 ET

DOB 2/1/2021, by BR Encore E085 ET, sold to Vesper Ranch.

$12,000 — BR Travis 1103

DOB 2/21/2021, by BR 124Y Travis E132 ET, sold to Kelcal Inc.

$12,000 — BR 3R Belle Air 1129

DOB 3/6/2021, by BR Belle Air 8123, sold to Steve Landt Herefords, Union, Iowa.

Big League Genetics

Fort Cobb, Okla. | Nov. 12

Auctioneer: Dustin Layton, Joel Birdwell

Reported by: Colton Pratz

Lots Gross Average

41.5 females $284,000 $6,843

1 flush $18,000 $18,000

4 embryos $4,400 $1,100 50 semen units $5,875 $118

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$20,000 — 77 Captivate 96F 48H

DOB 11/11/2020, by Loewen Grady B42 G15 ET, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, Ft. Cobb, sold to Five J’s Cattle Co., Clayton, N.C. (1/2 interest).

$16,500 — 77 Miss Grady 68F 57H

DOB 11/23/2020, by Loewen Grady B42 G15 ET, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to GKB Cattle, Desdemona, Texas.

$15,000 — 77 Miss All Star 18C 7A 8F

DOB 1/10/2018, by 77 Mr All-Star 19A 18C, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Five J’s Cattle Co.

$13,750 — WHR 4013 837C Beefmaid 641F

DOB 1/29/2018, by Innisfail WHR X651/723 4013 ET, consigned by 4B Herefords, Hennessey, sold to Whispering Pine Farms LLC, Hot Springs, Mont.; and a December heifer calf, by Loewen 4B Garfield B42 G24 ET, sold to Five J’s Cattle Co.

$12,750 — 77 Miss Grady Z23 13K

DOB 1/14/2022, by Loewen Grady B42 G15 ET, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Heyen Farms, Medora, Ill.

$10,000 — 77 Miss Leader 36A 405C ET

DOB 8/23/2019, by R Leader 6964, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Larson’s Polled Herefords, Clifton, Texas.

$8,250 — 77 Miss All Star 18C 10Y 45E

DOB 12/1/2017, by 77 Mr All-Star 19A 18C, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Powder Mills Genetics, Morrison, Tenn.; and a December heifer calf, by Green JCS Makers Mark 229G ET, sold to Vanderwork Herefords, Taloga.

$8,000 — 77 Miss Drumline 6020 G9 ET

DOB 1/13/2019, by SHF Drumline 001A D256, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Duff Cattle Co., Hobart; and a January bull calf, by Loewen Grady B42 G15 ET, sold to Gary Disse, Albert.

$7,750 — 77 Miss Leader 36A 382A ET

DOB 8/23/2019, by R Leader 6964, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Larson’s Polled Herefords.

$7,750 — 77 Miss Allstar 18C 22C 28F

DOB 1/24/2018, by SHF Drumline 001A D256, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Duff Cattle Co.; and a January heifer calf, by CMF 242D Gunsling 491G, sold to Nossaman Bros., Pella, Iowa.

$7,500 — 77 Miss Ellison 8F K49 ET

DOB 1/1/2022, by SHF Ellison 167Y E149, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Chapman Cattle Co. LLC, Nunnelly, Tenn.

$7,500 — 77 Miss Drumline D14 82F

DOB 12/16/2018, by SHF Drumline 001A D256, consigned by Double Seven Ranch LLC, sold to Barnes Herefords, Marietta, Ga.; and a December bull calf, by SHF Ellison 167Y E149, sold to Crescent Hill Black Herefords, Osawatomie, Kan.

Mid-Atlantic Fall Bonanza

Harrisonburg, Va. | Nov. 12

Auctioneer: Dale Stith

Reported by: Tommy Coley

Lots Gross Average

68 females $184,100 $2,707 5 comm. females $8,400 $1,680

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$8,100 — HHF Darla 183F 9DFJ

DOB 9/3/2021, by TH Masterplan 183F, consigned by Hereford Hollow Farm, Wytheville, sold to Mantews Farm, Barboursville. $6,800 — DR Home Cookin C34 G01

DOB 1/3/2019, by KCF Bennett Homeland C34, consigned by Dunrovin Farm, Crozet; and a September heifer calf, by TH Masterplan 183F, sold to Mantews Farm.

$6,400 — BBF Miss Revolution X51 E43

DOB 3/9/2017, by KCF Bennett Revolution X51, consigned by Hereford Hollow Farm; and a February heifer calf, by BEHM 100W Cuda 504C, sold to West Ray Farm, Bumpass. $6,150 — CHF TTF 88X Victoria 9504 ET

DOB 4/4/2019, by NJW 98S R117 Ribeye 88X ET, consigned by Cottage Hill Farm, Petersburg, W.Va., sold to Triple C Farm, Edinburg; and a March bull calf, by Green 11E Blueprint 102G ET, sold to Ralph E. Ullman & Son, Graysville, Ohio,

$4,300 — HHF Isabella 4R 2718

DOB 8/22/2018, by MSU TCF Revolution 4R, consigned by Hereford Hollow Farm; and an August heifer calf, by CMF 1720 Gold Rush 569G ET, sold to Greeno Farms, Louisa.

$4,300 — SBF Miss Maddie

DOB 2/28/2019, by UPS Sensation 2296 ET, consigned by Emerson’s Short Bridge Farm, Church Hill, Md.; and a September heifer calf, by UHF 22C Playmaker U05G, sold to Lydia Hazlegrove, Farmville.

South Dakota

Hereford Assn.

Brookings, S.D. | Nov. 12

Auctioneer: Chisum Peterson Reported by: Alex Acheson

Lots Gross Average 20 females $102,750 $5,138 16 steers $39,300 $2,456

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$15,500 — Blacktop Frappe 244

DOB 2/2/2022, by LCX Perfecto 11B ET, consigned by Blacktop Farms, Mitchell, sold to Parker Bischoff, Huron.

$12,000 — SQCF 711 Glamour 203

DOB 3/25/2022, by K Rustic 711 ET, consigned by Stenberg Herefords, Colman, sold to Josh & Lindsey Hebert, Hinton, Iowa.

$8,000 — MC Chantilly 2290

DOB 4/20/2022, by UPS Sensation 2296 ET, consigned by Muller Cattle, Davis, sold to Cooper Bischoff, Huron.

$7,250 — CC Kinley 76A 31K

DOB 4/22/2022, by CHEZ/PUGH/HARA Logic 8815F ET, consigned by Covey Cattle Co., Hamill, sold to Ireland McAreavey, Crooks.

$6,500 — SM Abby 226 ET

DOB 4/2/2022, by H Montgomery 7437 ET, consigned by Muller Cattle, Davis, sold to Dolieslager Show Cattle, Doon, Iowa.

$6,000 — SQCF 756 Birkin 209

DOB 3/19/2022, by CH High Roller 756 ET, consigned by Stenberg Herefords, sold to Josh & Lindsey Hebert.

$5,500 — ESF 818 Cassie 208

DOB 3/26/2022, by ECR RO Tobeys Advance 818 ET, consigned by Eggers Southview Farms, Sioux Falls, sold to Cooper Olawsky, Beresford.

TOP STEER LOTS

$5,250 — ECR 38C Gilligan 2621

DOB 4/21/2022, by BK Heston 5707H, consigned by Fawcett’s Elm Creek Ranch, Ree Heights, sold to Makayla Simmeron, Colton.

$4,250 — 213

By ECR Shameless 7586 ET, consigned by Springwater Polled Herefords, Ree Heights, sold to Hunter Heezen, Wessington Springs.

$4,000 — 442K

DOB 3/1/2022, by BR Copper 124Y, consigned by Blume Herefords, Pierre, sold to Garrett Rausch, Gettysburg.

Hoffman Ranch

Thedford, Neb. | Nov. 14

Auctioneer: Rick Machado Reported by: Alex Acheson Lots Gross Average 44 bulls $305,000 $6,932 13 females $64,250 $4,942 57 total $369,250 $6,478

TOP BULL LOTS

$20,000 — H AH MMC Entice 101 ET

DOB 2/15/2021, by UPS Entice 9365 ET, sold to Brumley Farms, Orovada, Nev.

$16,000 — H Dominator 148 ET

DOB 4/16/2021, by BCC Dominator 619D, sold to Miller Bros., Merna.

$11,000 — H MJB Dominate 19J

DOB 3/12/2021, by SR Dominate 308F ET, sold to Case Ranch, Mertzon, Texas.

$9,500 — H Dominator 153 ET

DOB 4/18/2021, by BCC Dominator 619D, sold to Miller Bros.

$9,000 — H MJB Dominate 16J

DOB 3/11/2021, by SR Dominate 308F ET, sold to Jim Crouch, Merna.

TOP FEMALE LOT

$10,000 — H PG Tess 1004

DOB 2/1/2021, by EFBeef BR Validated B413, sold to Stellpflug Catte Co. LLC, Glenrock, Wyo.

Mohican West

Laurel, Mont. | Nov. 14

Auctioneer: Joe Goggins Reported by: Kevin Murnin

Lots Gross Average 43 bulls $161,250 $3,750

TOP BULL LOTS

$9,500 — Mohican William 52J

DOB 2/10/2021, by DM 714 8Y William 514C ET, sold to Yellow Horn Farm, Custer. $5,750 — Mohican Ridge 213J

DOB 8/28/2021, by NJW 139C 103C Ridge 254G, sold to Clinton & Jeanette Breeden, Ten Sleep, Wyo.

$5,000 — Mohican 4013 22J

DOB 2/1/2021, by Innisfail WHR X651/723 4013 ET, sold to Jerry Jones, Busby. $5,000 — TDP NJB Poundmaker 225J ET DOB 10/7/2021, by Innisfail WHR X651/723 4013 ET, sold to John Keenan, Ismay. $5,000 — Mohican Neal 210J

DOB 8/23/2021, by Mohican 4013 14G, sold to Keltner Ranches, Terry.

$5,000 — Mohican Neal 215J

DOB 8/29/2021, by Mohican 4013 14G, sold to Clinton & Jeanette Breeden.

B&D Herefords

Russell, Kan. | Nov. 15

Auctioneer: Justin Stout

Reported by: Joe Rickabaugh

Lots Gross Average 35 bulls $137,400 $3,926 2 females $6,000 $3,000

37 total $143,400 $3,876

TOP BULL LOTS

$8,000 — B&D Advance 1479 DOB 4/17/2021, by HH Advance 8010F ET, sold to Andy Kocher, Onaga. $7,250 — B&D Advance 1310 ET DOB 2/11/2021, by HH Advance 3297A ET, sold to Lonnie Brummer, Cawker City.

$5,750 — B&D L1 Domino 1311 ET

DOB 2/11/2021, by CL 1 Domino 215Z, sold to James McClure, Tescott.

$5,500 — B&D L1 Domino 1303 ET DOB 2/3/2021, by CL 1 Domino 215Z, sold to MK&O Ranch, Grenola.

$5,000 — B&D L1 Domino 1330

DOB 2/9/2021, by CL 1 Domino 215Z, sold to MK&O Ranch.

$5,000 — B&D Advance 1341 ET DOB 2/13/2021, by HH Advance 8010F ET, sold to Eric Schultze, Osborne.

$5,000 — B&D L1 Domino 1465 DOB 4/2/2021, by B&D L1 Domino 9326 ET, sold to 9 Oaks Farms, Hope, Ark.

$5,000 — B&D Advance 1386

DOB 3/3/2021, by HH Advance 6319D, sold to MK&O Ranch.

Largent & Sons

Kaycee, Wyo. | Nov. 17

Auctioneer: Joe Goggins

Reported by: Kevin Murnin

Lots Gross Average 91 bulls $513,750 $5,646 46 comm. females $83,550 $1,816

TOP BULL LOTS

$12,000 — L3 B413 Desert Value 263

DOB 4/8/2022, by EFBeef BR Validated B413, sold to McMurry Cattle Co., Billings, Mont. (1/2 interest).

$15,000 — KL Desert Toro 1010

DOB 5/23/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Stroh Hereford Ranch, Killdeer, N.D. $11,000 — TP Desert Prime 104

DOB 3/22/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Bauer Ranch, Union Center, S.D. $10,500 — KL Desert Toro 151

DOB 4/2/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Dunmire Ranch, McFadden. $10,500 — L3 Desert Toro 157

DOB 4/5/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Hoffman Ranch, Thedford, Neb. $10,500 — KL Desert Toro 195

DOB 5/5/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Glynn Ranch, Belvidere, S.D. $10,000 — L3 Desert Toro 141 DOB 3/29/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Bauer Ranch.

$9,750 — JL Desert Toro 136 DOB 3/28/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Ron Weber, Shoshoni. $9,500 — L3 Desert Toro 209 DOB 8/13/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Dunmire Ranch.

$9,000 — KL Desert Toro 147

DOB 4/1/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Clint Pearson, Aladdin. $9,000 — NL Desert Toro 134

DOB 3/27/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Bates Creek Cattle Co., Casper. $9,000 — L3 Desert Toro 154 DOB 4/3/2021, by OR TP Desert Prime, sold to Glynn Ranch.

Heart of America

Hereford Assn.

Shelbyville, Ill. | Nov. 20

Auctioneer: Cody Lowderman

Reported by: Noah Benedict

Lots Gross Average 6 bulls $21,800 $3,633 38 females $92,650 $2,438 44 total $114,450 $2,601 7 comm. females $7,800 $1,114

TOP BULL LOTS

$5,000 — JLH Junior 2103 ET

DOB 1/29/2021, by CRR About Time 743, consigned by J Lidy Herefords, Jewett, sold to Cooper Eilers, Greenville.

$4,300 — WM 815 Blueprint 128

DOB 3/21/2021, by Boyd 31Z Blueprint 6153, consigned by Meteer Farms, Athens, sold to Natures Acres, Salem.

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$4,000 — WM 358C Miss Pearl 705

DOB 3/10/2017, by TH 403A 475Z Pioneer 358C ET, consigned by Meteer Farms, sold to Zach Bierman, Newton.

$3,800 — SCC 55C Isabelle I58

DOB 1/24/2021, by JTH SC Waylon 55C ET, consigned by Scott Shepard, Altamont, sold to Caden & Corbin Perry, Tower Hill.

Prairie Rose Cattle Co.

Sherman, Ill. | Nov.

Auctioneer: Online

21

Reported by: Noah Benedict

Lots Gross Average

7 females $22,350 $3,193 20 semen units $550 $28

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$5,000 — PRCC 8204 Chrissy 218K

DOB 3/7/2022, by GKB EJE 6011 Bellator 8072 ET, sold to Reece Entwistle, New Holland.

$5,000 — PRCC 8303 Savanna 229K

DOB 4/1/2022, by GKB EJE 41A 6011 Belair 8069ET, sold to Jessup LLC, Utah.

Able Acres

Wingate, Ind. | Nov. 26

Auctioneer: Cody Lowderman

Reported by: Noah Benedict

Lots Gross Average

2.25 bulls $13,300 $5,911 33 females $159,150 $4,823 35.25 total $172,450 $4,892

TOP BULL LOTS

$5,000 — AA JW Bronze 262

DOB 3/3/2022, by EXR Platinum 9200 ET, sold to Bruce Carroll, Nabb (3/4 interest).

$5,000 — AA AD Hosea 233

DOB 2/9/2022, by Gerber Hosea H17, sold to Jim Fields, Battle Ground (3/4 interest).

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$11,900 — AA Miss Throttle 802 ET

DOB 1/3/2018, by H/TSR/CHEZ/Full Throttle ET, sold to Rex Strine, Caledonia, Ohio; and a February heifer calf, by LF 6025 Screen Saver 9072, sold to Kyndall Williams, Mount Gilead, Ohio.

$9,750 — AA NBD Rina 221

DOB 1/31/2022, by LF 3066 Ringer 0098 ET, sold to Jay Allen, Veedersburg.

$8,700 — GG AA Makenzie 705E ET

DOB 3/11/2017, by NJW 135U 10Y McEwen 88A ET, sold to Ben Smith, Bradenburg, Ky.; and a January heifer calf, by WORR 2Y79 Pascal 4003 79D ET, sold to Keith Irwin, Attica.

$7,600 — HB/AA Style Points 5024

DOB 3/11/2015, by H/TSR/CHEZ/Full Throttle ET, sold to Double R Hay LLC, Poland; and a January heifer calf, by EXR Platinum 9200 ET, sold to Kale Zink, Oxford.

Grimmel Girls Show Cattle/ Grimmel Schaake Cattle Co.

Jarrettsville, Md./Manhattan, Kan. | Nov. 27

Auctioneer: Online

Reported by: Noah Benedict

Lots Gross Average

4.5 females $29,200 $6,489

2 steers $6,750 $3,375

60 semen units $2,000 $33

TOP FEMALE LOTS

$5,000 — GGSC Krissie 62K ET

DOB 4/2/2022, by UPS Sensation 2296 ET, sold to Marty Jones, Berwyn, Neb. (1/2 interest).

$9,000 — GGSC Calissa 99K ET

DOB 6/5/2022, by KLD RW Marksman D87 ET, sold to Graham Green, Richmond, Ontario.

Greg:(208)459-3029 Sam:(208)880-9044 :rekcuT)802(5540-998 RonShurtz:(208)431-3311

Schu-Lar Herefords, LLC

Lester and John Schafer 64664 170th St. Buffalo Lake, MN 55314 320-833-2050

FOR SALE:

• B ulls • Females • Se men

SPRINGWATER

POLLED HEREFORDS

Troy Williamson 110 161st St. Garretson, SD 57030 507-597-6221 605-254-7875 Cell twilliamson@alliancecom.net

MISSISSIPPI

Chad Williamson 339 91st St. Pipestone, MN 56164 507-825-5766 507-215-0817 Cell springwater@svtv.com

Hwy. 28 W. • P.O. Box 753 • Hazlehurst, MS 39083 Ann Zimmerman 601-894-2755 Dayne Zimmerman 704-906-1571 daynez@mindspring.com • www.cranch.com

Herman Nunely and Family 204 Co. Rd. 994 • Iuka, MS 38852 Cell 662-279-5136 Home 662-423-3317 leaningcedarherefords@gmail.com

Earl McGuffee Rd. New Hebron, MS 39140 www.mcguffeeherefords.com TOM BIGLIENI AND JILL EWING 2109 Des Peres Rd., St. Louis, MO 63131 417-827-8482 • tgbig@sbcglobal.net FARM ADDRESS: 3345 Lollar Branch Rd., Sullivan, MO 63080 ROD FINDLEY 32505 E. 179th St. Pleasant Hill, MO 64080 816-540-3711 • 816-365-9959 findleyfarms@gmail.com 2.4 mi. E of 7 Hwy

Joe McGuffee 601-672-0245

103 Owner: Al Bonebrake

Ranch 662-462-5885 Don 662-284-9410 Colton 662-415-5885 122 Co. Rd. 358 Burnsville, MS 38833 donaldksims@hotmail.com Straight Line One Cooper Holden Genetics BULLS AVAILABLE AT PRIVATE TREATY Harding Bros. Herefords MARVIN AND EVERETT HARDING Rt. 2 • Ridgeway, MO 64481 660-872-6870 HIGH PRAIRIE FARM Gregg and Denver Alsup 18 Alsup Ln. Fair Grove, MO 65648 417-766-6801 gailalsup@gmail.com Marty D. Lueck, Manager Rt. 1, Box 85G • Mountain Grove, MO 65711 417-948-2669 • Cell 417-838-1482

Arvid and Linda Eggen 406-895-2657 Box 292 • Plentywood, MT 59254 jbare@nemont.net Jay-De Lorrie

Journagan Ranch AGRICULTURE Menzies Cattle Co. LLC

Josh Menzies 5667 State Hwy. 38 Marshfield, MO 65706 417-425-5659 jmenzies79@gmail.com Eric, Jr. 417-860-7151 Eric & Kami 417-737-0055 SPHHerefords@outlook.com

Mark, Della, Lacey and Jane’a Ehlke P.O. Box 1487 Townsend, MT 59644 406-266-4121 Cell 406-439-4311 info@ehlkeherefords.com FEMALE PRODUCTION SALE in September • Bulls sell Private Treaty

Chris and Susan Illg 13299 Bear Ave. Cainsville, MO 64632 Chris 660-425-2561 illgcattleco@outlook.com MONTANA CURLEW Cattle Company 26 Years Line 1 Genetics BULLS For Sale in the Spring Howard Moss 895 Whitetail Rd., Whitehall, MT 59759 406-287-9947 Feddes Herefords 2009 Churchill Road Manhattan, Montana 59741

www.ehlkeherefords.com “THE BEST IN LINE 1 BREEDING” Jack and Tresha Holden 3139 Valier Dupuyer Rd. • Valier, MT 59486 406-279-3301 • 406-279-3300 Ranch • 406-450-1029 Mobile www.holdenherefords.com

REGISTERED POLLED HEREFORDS Genetics for Certified Hereford Beef® Fred, Doreen and Rebecca McMurry 2027 Iris Ln. Billings, MT 59102 406-697-4040 406-254-1247

Dan 406-570-1602 drfeddes@msn.com Tim 406-570-4771 tfeddes@msn.com www.feddes.com Modest Birth Massive Meat

J Bar E Ranch Since 1898 Richard and Shirley 406-560-8122 Bruce and Tammy 406-544-1536 Kurt and Jessica 406-239-5113 P.O. Box 30055 Gold Creek, MT 59733 bruce@thomasherefords.com Wichman Herefords www.wichmanherefords.com Registered bulls and females for sale by private treaty. Proven bloodlines, longevity, performance, functional justinwichman22@gmail.com Justin and Carmen Wichman 1921 Wichman Rd. 4 06-350-3123 cell Moore, MT 59464 4 06-374-6833 home

McMURRY CATTLE NEBRASKA 7 Mill Iron Ranch Burl and Doug McMillan 210560 CR U • Gering, NE 69341 970-326-8391 • burl_mcmillan@yahoo.com From I-80 exit 48 west of Sidney, Neb. south 1 1/4 miles, west 1 mile, south 3/4 mile Herd sire: BB 1065 Domino 6081 • Cow herd: Mark Donald and Line 1 Quality Cattle That Work Lowell and Carol 402-589-1347 48979 Nordic Rd. Spencer, NE 68777 Galen Frenzen and Family Galen Frenzen 50802 N. Edgewood Rd., Fullerton, NE 68638 Galen 308-550-0237 Eric 308-550-0238 ANNUAL BULL SALE Fourth Tuesday in March Females and club calves for sale private treaty. Eric 402-239-9838 Gene 402-729-5866 56095 715 Road • Fairbury, NE 68352 henkelhereford@hotmail.com

Squaw Creek Ranch 20 miles east of Billings www.mcmurrycattle.com mcmurrycattle@gmail.com

Henkel Polled Herefords Pure Station Polled L1 Dominos Denny and Dixie Hoffman • 406-425-0859 Jason and Kaycee Hoffman • 530-604-5096 Office 308-645-2279 • P.O. Box 287 • Thedford, NE 69166 jason@hoffmanranch.com • www.hoffmanranch.com 100 | January 2023 Hereford.org

PENNSYLVANIA

Shawn Guyer 814-285-0602

Traci Guyer 814-285-6880

Mason Guyer 814-330-5334 traciguyer@gmail.com 4G Herefords

Don and Madeline Hennon Sewickley, PA 15143 412-741-2883 Fax 412-741-2883

Robert Glenn, manager 724-748-4303 www.barhfarm.com

Hoffman Herefords

SOUTH CAROLINA

JBN l ivestOCk

Woodard Hereford Farms

TEXAS

SOUTH DAKOTA

LARGENT and SONS

Hereford Cattle Since 1902 P.O. Box 66 • Kaycee, WY 82639 307-738-2443 or 307-267-3229 Cell Sale Date – Nov. 17, 2022 largentandsons@yahoo.com www.largentandsons.com

McClun’s Lazy JM Ranch

Larry Woodson Bonham, TX 214-491-7017 larrywoodson@gmail.com www.stillriverranch.com

HILL RANCH

4609 Airport Freeway Ft. Worth, Texas 76117 817-831-3161 texashereford@sbcglobal.net www.texashereford.org williams

family H erefOrds

Herb and Susan Williams, Owners P.O. Box 567, Decatur, TX 76234 Herb Cell 940-393-1651 • Office/Ranch 940-466-3381 Fax 940-466-7237 Williamsfamilyherefords.com • herbsusan@msn.com

From the Field

Wayne “Red” Dean Moore, 60, Piasa, Ill., passed Nov. 21, 2022.

He began his life on May 31, 1962, in Alton, Ill., son of the late Herbert Jr. and Edith (Long) Moore.

Red married the love of his life, Diane Wilson, on June 26, 1997, in Carlinville, Ill. Together they raised three daughters, Kaci (Hayden) Geisler, Brighton, Ill.; Jamie (Kody) Funk, Piasa; and Ashley Moore, Piasa, all of whom will miss him more than can be imagined.

Red was the life of the party. He never met a stranger which made most people fast friends with him. His family described his priorities as such: kids, cattle, farming! He was a staple figure at fairs and cattle shows with his girls and enjoyed it so much he kept going to the events even when they weren’t showing. He liked an ice-cold Bud Light and fireworks, separately and paired together, which eventually led to a few holes in the roof of his shed and some really great stories. And Red could tell a story. His family and friends were on the receiving end of many of his famous “speeches” and history lessons, now remembered with so much laughter. He ventured off the farm to enjoy a nice game of golf from time to time and had a special place in his heart for his Black 2005 Chevy pick-up truck which he lovingly named “Ol’ Blacky.”

His memberships include: American International Charolais Association, American Hereford Association, Illinois Beef Association, Illinois State Fair, Illinois Farm Bureau, Shipman Masonic Lodge and the Southwestern High School Graduating Class of 1980.

In addition to his wife and daughters, he leaves behind three grandchildren, Everley and Ada Geisler, and Baby Boy Funk, who is due to arrive in 2023; sisters, Marilyn Wilson, Sharon (Steve) Hyink, Karen (Angie Grimm) Moore; brothers, Bert Moore, Dennis (Sara) Moore; and many nieces, nephews and friends.

He was additionally preceded in death by his brother, Harry Moore.

Calendar of Events

JANUARY

1 Registered for Success Bred Female Sale, Clarinda, Iowa

4 Cattlemen’s Congress Jr. Hereford Show, Oklahoma City, Okla.

5 Cattlemen’s Congress Heifer & Bull Pen Show, Oklahoma City, Okla.

5 Greater Midwest Hereford-Influenced Feeder Calf Sale, Carthage, Ill.

5 Hereford Eve in OKC Frozen Genetics Sale, Oklahoma City, Okla.

6 Cattlemen’s Congress Bull Show, Oklahoma City, Okla.

6 Hereford Night in OKC Nat’l Hereford Sale, Oklahoma City, Okla.

7 Cattlemen’s Congress Open Female Show, Oklahoma City, Okla.

12 Nat’l Western Stock Show (NWSS) Jr. Show, Denver, Colo.

12 Stockyards Beef Festival, Denver, Colo.

13 NWSS Heifer & Bull Pen Show, Denver, Colo.

13 NWSS Herefords in the Yards Sale, Denver, Colo.

14 NWSS Bull Show, Denver, Colo.

14 NWSS Open Female Show, Denver, Colo.

16 Van Newkirk Herefords Annual Bull & Female Sale, Oshkosh, Neb.

23 Delaney Herefords/Atkins Herefords Annual Bulls & Breds Sale, Lake Benton, Minn.

24 Churchill Cattle Co. World Class Bull Sale, Manhattan, Mont.

25 Ad deadline for March Hereford World

28 Melcher Herefords Inc. Production Sale & Open House (Online), Page, Neb.

28 Red Bluff Bull & Gelding Sale, Red Bluff, Calif.

28 Wisconsin Hereford Assn. Annual Meeting, Mauston

FEBRUARY

1 Black Hills Stock Show & Rodeo Hereford Show & Sale, Rapid City, S.D.

2-5 Klamath Bull Sale, Klamath Falls, Ore..

2 Ridder Hereford Ranch Annual Bull & Heifer Sale, Callaway, Neb.

2 Stroh Hereford Ranch Annual Ranch Ready Production Sale, Killdeer, N.D.

3 Baumgarten Cattle Co. Annual Bull Sale, Belfield, N.D.

3 Dvorak Herefords Bull & Female Sale, Lake Andes, S.D.

3 Elkington Polled Herefords & South Devons 43rd Range Raised Cattle Sale, Idaho Falls, Idaho

4 Buckeye Hereford Assn. Annual Meeting, Plain City, Ohio

4 Hill 70 Quantock Ranch Barn Burnin’ Bull Sale, Lloydminster, Alberta

4 JM Cattle Co. Annual Bull Sale, Lawrenceburg, Tenn.

4 Messner Herefords Annual Production Sale, Laverne, Okla.

4 Upstream Ranch Annual Production Sale, Taylor, Neb.

6 Pelton Polled Herefords Annual Production Sale, Halliday, N.D.

8 Durbin Creek Ranch Annual Bull Sale, Worland, Wyo.

8 Friedt Herefords Annual Production Sale, Dickinson, N.D.

10 CX Ranch Annual Production Sale, Lewiston, Idaho

10 Topp Herefords Volume XXIII Bull Sale, Grace City, N.D.

11 Dixie Nat’l Hereford Open Show, Jackson, Miss.

12 Mrnak Hereford Ranch 56th Annual Production Sale, Bowman, N.D.

13 BB Cattle Co. Annual Production Sale, Connell, Wash.

13 Fawcett’s Elm Creek Ranch Annual Production Sale, Ree Heights, S.D.

13 Logterman Herefords & Angus Production Sale, Valentine, Neb.

15 Iowa Beef Expo Select Hereford Sale, Des Moines, Iowa

15 NCC – The Classic Hereford Show, Kearney, Neb.

15 Shaw Cattle Co. Annual Bull Sale, Caldwell, Idaho

16 Mitchell Livestock Hereford Influenced Feeder Cattle Sale, Mitchell, S.D.

16 NCC – The Classic Hereford Female Sale, Kearney, Neb.

16 Olson Hereford Ranch Red Power Bull Sale, Argusville, N.D.

16 Wooden Shoe Farms Bull Sale, Blackfoot, Idaho

17 Hoffman Ranch Spring Bull Sale, Thedford, Neb.

17 White Hawk Ranch Beef Maker Bull Sale, Buchanan, Ga.

18 Colorado State Un. Annual Bull & Female Sale, Ft. Collins

18 Southern Opportunity Sale, Lexington, Tenn.

20 Five Star Polled Herefords & Haught Bros. A Lasting Legacy Sale, Harrisville, W.Va.

20 Rausch Herefords Annual Production Sale, Hoven, S.D.

21 Bar JZ Ranches Annual Production Sale, Holabird, S.D.

21 Ulrich Herefords Dispersal Part II, Lethbridge, Alberta

23 NCC – The Classic Hereford Bull Sale, Kearney, Neb.

23 NW Hereford Breeders Bull Sale/OWNI, Hermiston, Ore.

24 Jamison Herefords Spring Bull Sale, Quinter, Kan.

24 Ad deadline for April Hereford World

25 Chapman Cattle Co. & Woolfolk Farms Bull & Female Sale, Nunnelly, Tenn.

25 Illinois Beef Expo Jr. Show, Springfield

25 Kreth Herefords & Angus Annual Bull & Female Sale, Mt. Vernon, S.D.

25 Tegtmeier Polled Herefords Annual Bull & Female Sale, Burchard, Neb.

25 TS Ranch Herefords & Quarter Horses Annual Production Sale, Cottonwood Falls, Kan.

27 Colyer Herefords 43rd Annual Production Sale, Bruneau, Idaho

27 Hereford Heritage Annual Bull Sale, Fort Cobb, Okla.

28 Pérez Cattle Co. Spring Bull & Commercial Female Sale, Nara Visa, N.M.

MARCH

1 Calgary Bull Show, Calgary, Alberta

1 Perks Ranch Annual Spring Bull Sale (Online), Rockford, Ill.

2 Calgary Bull Sale, Calgary, Alberta

2 Jensen Bros. Annual Bull Sale, Courtland, Kan.

3 Kansas State Un. Legacy Sale, Manhattan, Kan.

4 Illinois Hereford Assn. Annual Meeting, Bloomington

4 Kentucky Beef Expo Hereford Sale, Louisville

4 Mead Farms Spring Bull Sale, Versailles, Mo.

4 Wisconsin Hereford Assn. Spring Hereford Sale, Fennimore

4 WMC Cattle Co. Annual Bull Sale, Springfield, Mo.

5 Kentucky Beef Expo Jr. Show, Louisville

6 Harrell Hereford Ranch Annual Production Sale, Baker City, Ore.

6 Kester Herefords/Valley Creek Ranch Annual Bull & Female Sale, Atkinson, Neb.

7 Schutte & Sons Polled Herefords Production Sale, Guide Rock, Neb.

8 Bischoff’s Ravine Creek Ranch Annual Production Sale, Huron, S.D.

10 L Bar W Cattle Co. Annual Production Sale, Absarokee, Mont.

10 Tennessee Hereford Assn. Meeting, Lebanon

11 Boyd Beef Cattle PT Bull Sale, Mays Lick, Ky.

11 I-29 Bull Run Sale, Sioux Falls, S.D.

11 Tennessee Beef Agribition Hereford Sale, Lebanon

13 Holden Herefords 57th Annual Production Sale, Valier, Mont.

14 Cooper Hereford Ranch 57th Annual Production Sale, Willow Creek, Mont.

15 Sadler Ranches Maternal Showcase (Online), Perkins, Okla.

15 Western Breeders Assn. Bull Test Sale, Eltopia, Wash.

16 Bar Star Cattle Bull Sale with Ernst Herefords, Musselshell, Mont.

16 GKB Cattle Co. & Barber Ranch Spring Bull Sale, Desdemona, Texas

16 K7 Herefords Annual Production Sale, Lockridge, Iowa

18 Buckeye Hereford Assn. Spring Sale, Columbus, Ohio

18 Falling Timber Farms Annual Bull & Female Sale, Marthasville, Mo.

18 Springhill Herefords On Target Sale, Blue Rapids, Kan.

19 Ohio Beef Expo Jr. Show, Columbus

20 B&D Herefords & Angus Spring Production Sale, Claflin, Kan.

21 Flying S Herefords Annual Line One Production Sale, Paluxy, Texas

21 Lorenzen Farms Striving for Integrity Bull Sale (Online), Chrisman, Ill.

22 NJW Polled Herefords Annual Sale, Sheridan, Wyo.

23-26 Building on Leadership Development (BOLD) Conference, Desdemona, Texas

24 Ad deadline for May/June Hereford World

25 Candy Meadow Farm Bull & Female Sale, Lexington, Tenn.

25 DaKitch Farms Annual Bull Sale, Ada, Minn.

25 Heart of America Hereford Assn. Spring Sale, Wayne City, Ill.

25 Sandhill Farms Hereford Production Sale, Haviland, Kan.

27 Copeland & Sons Herefords Demand the Brand Annual Bull & Commercial Female Sale, Clayton, N.M.

27 Oleen Bros. Sale, Dwight, Kan.

27 Snowshoe Cattle Co. Annual Bull Sale, Arthur, Neb.

28 Frenzen Angus & Polled Herefords Annual Production Sale, Fullerton, Neb.

APRIL

1 HYFA Spring Scholarship Deadline

4 Gerber Land & Cattle Right Kind Sale, Richmond, Ind.

6 Wildcat Cattle Co. Frozen Genetics Sale (Online), Darlington, Wis.

8 Central Missouri Polled Hereford Breeders Assn. Spring Sale, Cuba, Mo.

8 Ellis Farms Bull & Female Sale, Chrisman, Ill.

8 Knoll Crest Farm’s Spring Bull & Female Sale, Red House, Va

8 West Virginia Polled Hereford Assn. Sale, Weston

13 McClun’s Lazy JM Ranch Production Sale, Torrington, Wyo.

15 Clifford Farms & Guests Production Sale, Lexington, Ky.

15 Mid-Atlantic Spring Bonanza Sale, Harrisonburg, Va.

15 SandRock Ranch Herefords 5th Annual Production Sale, Benton, Wis.

15 Stuber Ranch Annual Sale, Bowman, N.D.

19 Cherokee Sales Co. Hereford Influenced Feeder Cattle Sale Cherokee, Okla.

22 Middle Tennessee Hereford Assn. Sale, Cross Plains

22 Ritchie County Polled Hereford Assn. Sale, Harrisville, W.Va.

28 Early bird ad deadline for July Hereford World

29 Barnes Herefords Annual Southern Belles Female Sale, Cedartown, Ga.

MAY

5 South Carolina Hereford Assn. Meeting, Clemson

6 Mead Farms Bull & Female Sale, Versailles, Mo.

6 South Carolina Hereford Assn. Sale, Clemson

6 Tennessee River Music Dixieland Delight Sale, Fort Payne, Ala.

7 Jim D. Bellis Family Hereford Production Sale, Aurora, Mo.

7 Maryland Jr. Hereford Assn. Preview Show, Gaithersburg

11 Kentucky Certified Hereford Influence Feeder Calf Spring Sale, Stanford

12 Switzerland of Ohio Polled Hereford Assn. 45th Annual Sale, Old Washington

13 Burns Farms Annual Female Event, Pikesville, Tenn.

26 Ad deadline for July Hereford World

26 Kansas Jr. Preview Show, Manhattan

27 Innisfail Farm & Mead Cattle 3rd Joint Sale, Madison, Ga.

29 White Hawk Ranch Beef Maker Bull & Female Sale, Buchanan, Ga.

“Calendar of Events” is a listing of Hereford sales and events known to our staff. Italicized dates denote shows and events. Non-italicized dates denote sales. To make the calendar concise we have used the following abbreviations: association, assn.; international, int’l; junior, jr.; mountain, mtn.; national, nat’l; northeast, NE; northwest, NW; performance tested, PT; southeast, SE; southwest, SW; and university, Un.

Red Moore

ALABAMA

Debter Hereford Farm 85, 98

Tennessee River Music 98

CALIFORNIA

Gillibrand Cattle Co , P W 98

Lambert Ranch 98

McDougald Herefords 98

Morrell Ranches 98

Pedretti Ranches 98

Red Bluff Bull & Gelding Sale 34

Sierra Ranches 98

Sonoma Mountain Herefords 98

Wiemer Cattle Co 98

COLORADO

Campbell, James T 98

Clark Anvil Ranch 98

Cline Registered Herefords 98

Coleman Herefords 45, 98

Colorado State Univ 76

Coyote Ridge Ranch 31, 98

Ernst Herefords 98

Fuchs Herefords, Mike 98

Hanging W Herefords 98

Kubin Hereford Ranch 98

Leroux Land & Cattle 98

Robb & Sons, Tom 98

Sidwell Herefords 98

Strang Herefords 98

GEORGIA

Barnes Herefords 5

CES Herefords & Angus 85

Greenview Farms Inc 4, 98

HME Herefords 85

MTM Polled Herefords 87

Predestined Cattle Co 85 White Hawk Ranch IBC

IDAHO

Colyer Herefords & Angus 43, 98

Daniels Hereford Ranch 98

Eagle Canyon Ranch 98

Elkington Polled Herefords & South Devons 65, 98

JBB/AL Herefords 98

Shaw Cattle Co 98

Udy Cattle Co 7

Wooden Shoe Farms 98

ILLINOIS

Baker Farms 98

Behrends Farms 97

Benedict Herefords 97

Bixler Herefords 98

Bob-O-Lou Herefords 98

Braun Farms 97

Burns Polled Hereford Farm 96, 98

Crane Herefords 97

Double B Herefords LLC 98

Edenburn Family Farm 97

Ellis Farms 9, 98

Entwistle Herefords 96

Eubank Farms 98

Fancy Creek Farm of the Prairie Cross 96

Fauth Polled Herefords 97

Fleisher Farms 98

Happ Herefords 99

Knott Farm 99

Lorenzen Farms 97

Lowderman Auction Options 96

Lowderman Cattle Co 97

McCaskill Farms 96

Milligan Herefords 99

Moffett Farms 96

Mud Creek Farms 96

Nature’s Acres 96

Newbold Farms Inc 99

Oak Hill Farm 99

Paquette Hereford Ranch 96, 99

Parish Farms 97

Plainview Stock Farms 97

Prairie Cross, The 96

Prairie Meadow Herefords 99

Prairie Rose Cattle Co 96

Purple Reign 99

RGR Cattle Co 97

River Ridge Ranch & Cattle Co 99

Sayre Hereford Farm 99

Shingle Oaks Polled Herefords 99

Stephens and Loehr Herefords 99

Stumpf Land & Cattle 99

Sturdy Hereford Outlet 96

West Wind Herefords 99

Young Cattle Co 96

INDIANA

A&H Herefords 109

Able Acres 109

Clinkenbeard Farms & Sons 109

Coal Creek Land and Cattle LLC 109

Deatsman Farms 109

Elzemeyer Polled Herefords 109

Everhart Farms 109

Ferguson Farms 109

Gerber Land & Cattle 99

Greenwood Family Herefords 109

Gunn Bros Cattle Co 109

Hayhurst Farms 109

JLG Polled Herefords 99

Kesling Polled Herefords 99

Laudeman Family, Gale 99 McFatridge Cattle Co 99

IOWA

Amos Hereford Farm 107

Deppe Bros Cattle Co 107

Goehring Herefords 107

Iowa Beef Expo Hereford Select Sale 63

Jackson Hereford Farms 107

K7 Herefords 107

Petersen Herefords 107

Pitt Farms Herefords 107

R&R Cattle Co 107

Sorensen Family, Mike 107 Stream Cattle Co 99 Wiese & Sons 99

KANSAS

Brannan & Reinhardt Polled Herefords 99

Davis Herefords 99

Douthit Herefords 99

GLM Herefords 99

Grimmel Schaake Cattle Co 99

Herbel Herefords 99

Jamison Herefords 59, 99

Jensen Bros 99

Malone Hereford Farm 95

Mayo Ridge Ranch 31

Mill Creek Ranch 99

MM Ranch Polled Herefords 99

Oleen Cattle Co 99

Sandhill Farms 47, 99

Schu-Lar Herefords LLC 99

Springhill Herefords 99

Umberger Polled Herefords 99

VJS Polled Herefords 99

KENTUCKY

3R Herefords 87

Botkin Polled Herefords 99

Boyd Beef Cattle 99

Chambliss Hereford Farms 99

Clifford Farms 87

Dogwood Farm 87

JMS Polled Herefords 87

Matheny Herefords 85, 99

Tucker Stock Farms 100 Wells Farm 87

MARYLAND

Church View Farm 110

East Side Farm 100, 110

Foggy Bottom Farm 100

Fountain Valley Farm 110

Grimmel Girls Show Cattle 100

SCH Polled Herefords 100

MICHIGAN

Bramschreiber Hereford Farm 88

Breasbois Farms 88

Candy -Jar Herefords 88

Cedar Creek Herefords 88

Cottonwood Springs 88

Grand Meadows Farm 88

Hanson’s Double G Herefords 100

MacNaughton, Ron and Jill 88 McDonald Farm 88

Rottman, Phil and Chris 88 Sugar Sweet Ranch 88

MINNESOTA

DaKitch Hereford Farms 100

Delaney Herefords 49, 100

Krogstad Polled Herefords 100

Lawrence Herefords 100 Schafer Herefords 100

Springwater Polled Herefords 100

MISSISSIPPI

Broadlawn Farm Polled Herefords 85

Caldwell Hereford Ranch 100 Leaning Cedar Herefords 100 McGuffee Polled Herefords 100 S and W Herefords 100

MISSOURI

AbraKadabra Cattle Co 95

Bellis Family, Jim D 95

Biglieni Farms 100

Blue Ribbon Farms 94

Bonebrake Herefords 94, 100

Bradshaw Ranch 94

Central Missouri Polled Hereford Assn 94

Doss Hereford Farms 95

Duvall Polled Herefords 94 Falling Timber Farm 100

Findley Farms 100

Harding Bros Herefords 100 High Prairie Farm 100 Illg Cattle Co 100

Journagan Ranch/Missouri State University 95, 100

Lacy’s Red Angus & Polled Herefeords 94

McMillen’s Toothacre Ranch 95

Mead Farms 94

Menzies Cattle Co LLC 95, 100 Miller Herefords 94 Reed Farms 95

Reynolds Herefords 94 Shoenberger Polled Herefords 95, 100 Steinbeck Farms 94 Storie Farms 95 WMC Cattle Co 95 WPH Ranch 94

MONTANA

Churchill Cattle Co 28, 29

Cooper Hereford Ranch 41, 100

Curlew Cattle Co 100

Ehlke Herefords 100

Feddes Herefords 100

Holden Herefods 16, 17, 100

J Bar E Herefords 100

L Bar W Cattle Co 6, 100

McMurry Cattle 100

Mohican West 101

Thomas Herefords 57, 100 Wichman Herefords 100

NEBRASKA

7 Mill Iron Ranch 100

Fisher Family, Lowell 100

Frenzen and Family, Galen 100

Henkel Polled Herefords 100

Hoffman Ranch 100

JB Ranch Polled Herefords 101

Landgren Ranch 46

Logterman Family Herefords & Angus 76

Melcher Herefords Inc 70

Moeller & Sons, Albert 101

Monahan Cattle Co 101

Nebraska Cattlemen’s Classic 40

Ridder Hereford Ranch 37, 101

Schutte & Sons 101

Snowshoe Cattle Co 101

Tegtmeier Polled Herefords 22

Upstream Ranch 71, 101

Valley Creek Ranch 101

Van Newkirk Herefords 23, 101

NEVADA

6D Land & Cattle 101

Brumley Farms 101

Genoa Livestock 101 Mrnak Hereford Ranch 101

NEW JERSEY

Grass Pond Farm 101

NEW MEXICO

B&H Herefords 101

Copeland & Sons Herefords LLC 101

Cornerstone Ranch 101

King Herefords 101 Pérez Cattle Co 101 West Star Herefords 101

NEW YORK

Glade Haven Herefords 101 Spring Pond Farm 101 Stone House Farm 101

NORTH CAROLINA

Brent Creech Taylor’s Mill Farm 101

Claxton Farm LLC 101

Double J Farm LLC 85

Five J’s Cattle Co 87

Four B Farm 85

P&J Farms 85

Rhyneland Farms 110

Triplett Polled Herefords 101 W&A Hereford Farm 110 Will-Via Polled Herefords 101

NORTH

SOUTH CAROLINA

Forrest Polled Herefords 87

Fowken Farm 87

Keese Herefords 102

NORTH DAKOTA

Atkins Herefords 49

Bar JZ Ranches 102

Bischoff’s Ravine Creek Ranch 102

Black Hills Stock Show & Rodeo 83

Blume Herefords 102

Dvorak Herefords 56

Eggers Southview Farms 102

Fawcett’s Elm Creek Ranch 61, 102

Frederickson Ranch 102

Hoffman Herefords 102

JBN Livestock 102

K&B Herefords 102

LaGrand Angus and Hereford Ranch 102

Ollerich Brothers Herefords 102

Peskey Farms 70

Rausch Herefords 55, 102

Ravine Creek Ranch 70

Stenberg Herefords 102

Thorstenson Hereford Ranch 102

TENNESSEE

Burns Farms 3

Candy Meadow Farms 87

Coley Herefords 102

Jackson Farms 102

JM Cattle Co 86

Mud Creek Farms 102

WEST VIRGINIA

Cottage Hill Farm 105

Cottle Brothers Farm 105

Five Star Polled Herefords 53

Goff & Sons, A 105

Grandview Hereford Farm 105

Grassy Run Farms 105

Haught Brothers 53

Haught Farms 110

Knotts Polled Herefords 105

Law & Sons, David 105

Litton Livestock 105

McDonald Polled Herefords 105

Westfall Polled Herefords 103

WISCONSIN

Bacon Branch Beef 90

Boettcher’s Brookview Acres 91

C&L Hereford Ranch 91

H&H Cattle Farm 90

Huth Polled Herefords 90

Larson Hereford Farms 90

Lietzau Hereford Farm 91

Lininger Farms 91

MGM Polled Herefords 91

Narrows Creek Farm 91

Next Generation Genetics 90

Oleson Family Farm 91

Otter Creek Polled Herefords 90

Pierce’s Hereford Haven 91

Plum River Ranch 90

Sandrock Ranch Herefords 103

Spaeth Farms 90

Starck Century Farm 90

DAKOTA

Baumgarten Cattle Co 18, 19 Friedt Herefords 10, 67 Mrnak Hereford Ranch 35, 101 Olson Hereford Ranch 44

Pelton Polled Herefords 75 Stroh Hereford Ranch 52 Topp Herefords 24, 25

OHIO

Berg Polled Herefords LLC 89 Buckeye Hereford Assn 89 J&L Cattle Services 89 Mohican Polled Hereford Farm 89, 101 Ostgaard Cattle Co 89

Pugh Central Station Livestock 89

Rippling Rock Hereford Farm 89 Sunny Side Farm 89 Sunnyside Stock Farms 89 Switzerland of Ohio Polled Hereford Assn 89

OKLAHOMA

Darnell Hereford Ranch 101 Dennis Ranch 101 Dufur Herefords 101 Flying G Ranch 101 G4G Cattle Co 101

Headquarters Herefords 101

Loewen Herefords 102 Messner Herefords 36, 102 Moler, Don 101

P&R Herefords LLC 102 Sadler Ranches 13 T/R Cattle Co 102

OREGON

Bar One Ranch 102

Bird Herefords 102

Harrell Hereford Ranch 69, 102

High Desert Cattle Co 102

Hufford’s Herefords 102

Klamath Bull Sale 66 Vollstedt Farms Polled Herefords 102

PENNSYLVANIA

4G Registered Herefords 102

Bar-H Farms 102

Deana Jak Farms Inc 102

Flat Stone Lick BC

Slaytons’ BearDance 110

Stone Ridge Manor 110

Parker Bros 87

Roberson’s Polled Herefords 102

Rogan Farms Herefords 85, 102

Triple L Ranch 102

Woodard Hereford Farms 102

TEXAS

Atlas Farms 102

B&C Cattle Co 102

Bar J Bar Hereford Ranch 102

Barber Ranch 102

Case Ranch Herefords 102

Chastain Cattle Co 102

Dudley Bros 102 G3 Ranch 103

GKB Cattle 103

H2 Ranch and Cattle Co 103

Indian Mound Ranch 103

Metch Polled Herefords 103

Noack Hereford Ranch 103

Nolan Herefords 103

Powell, James L 103

Redbird Ranch 103

Rockin’ W Polled Herefords 103

Rocking Chair Ranch 103

Skrivanek Ranches 103

Still River Ranch 103

Sunny Hill Ranch 103

Texas Hereford Assn 60, 103

Williams Family Herefords 103

Willis Polled Herefords 103

UTAH

Cache Cattle 103

Circle BJ Polled Hereford Ranch 103

JB Herefords 103

Johansen Herefords 103

Rees Bros 103

VIRGINIA

Deer Track Farm 110

Hereford Hollow Farm 85

Knoll Crest Farm 110

Quail Hollow Herefords 110

Stuckey Farms 82

Thistle Tree Farm 103

WASHINGTON

BB Cattle Co 105

CX Ranch 8, 103

Diamond M Ranch 103

Dutch Flat Angus 8

Ottley Herefords 103

Starr Polled Herefords 91

Whiskey Run Farms 91

Windy Hills Herefords 90

WYOMING

Berry’s, The 103

Largent and Sons 103

McClun’s Lazy JM Ranch 103

Micheli Herefords 103

NJW Polled Herefords 103

Ochsner-Roth Cattle Co 103 Wilhelm Cattle 103

CANADA

Elmlodge Polled Herefords 103

Haroldson’s Polled Herefords 81

Hill 70 Quantock Ranch 77

Medonte Highlands Polled Herefords 103

River Valley Polled Herefords 81

Ulrich Herefords 105

SERVICES

701X 62

AI Book 2023 82

Allflex 73

Arrowquip 48

Bessler Inc , James F 103

BioZyme Inc 84

Birdwell, Joel 104

Bock, Aaron 104

Booker, C D 104

Burks, Eddie 104

Carper, Thomas 104

Cattle Max 51

Cattle Visions 74

Circle H Headquarters LLC 104

Conover, Al 104

Drees, Eric 104

Emmons Ultrasounding 104

Jensen Livestock Agency 104

Lathrop Livestock

Transportation 104

Layton, Dustin N 104

Lowderman, Cody 104

Lowderman, Monte 104

MCS Auction Inc 104

Merck Animal Health 80

Neogen 42

Sale Day Online 11

Schacher Auction Services 104

Select Sires 30

Stith, Dale 104

Stout, Justin B 104

Sullivan Supply 12

T Bar C Cattle Co Ltd 104

Wendt, Kevin 104

Bob’s cell 704-614-0826

For more than 60 years, four generations at Flat Stone Lick have worked tirelessly to build a perfect beef cow herd. We’ve had setbacks — genetic selection, nutrition, and health care — but for every step backwards we have fought to take two steps forward.

Can there be a perfect cow herd?

In our humble opinion...No. Our program has come a long way, and it continues to improve. We strongly believe in our uniformly productive herd, proven genetics and consistent EPD numbers.

We are committed to asking the tough questions about our herd and to finding the answers that will advance our herd and improve the outcomes for all who depend on us.

We believe that progress can only happen with passion and perseverance. We’ve been fortunate to have cattle at Flat Stone Lick for over 100 years and they have been, and continue to be, our love and our tradition. We’ve worked hard to shape the herd and, in turn, the cattle have shaped our lives.

Documented cattle that are right for today’s industry. FLAT STONE LICK

“There are no secrets to success. It is a result of preparation, hard work, and learning from failure.”

— Colin Powell