Bilingual Program MATHS
UNIT 2 : 2D SHAPES Polígono Figura plana Cuadrilátero
= polygon = 2-D shape or plane shape = quadrilateral
Polígono regular Radio Diagonal Apotema
= regular polygon = radius = diagonal = apothem
Ángulo central Ángulo interior
= central angle = interior angle
Ángulo recto Ángulo agudo Ángulo obtuso
= right angle = acute angle = obtuse angle
Ángulos complementarios Ángulos suplementarios
= complementary angles: their measures add up to 90 degrees = supplementary angles: their measures add up to 180 degrees
Linea recta Semirrecta Segmento
= straight line = ray = segment
Rectas paralelas Rectas perpendiculares
= parallel lines = perpendicular lines
Circunferencia Diámetro Cuerda Arco Centro (de la circunf.)
= = = = =
Figuras circulares Círculo Semicírculo
= circular shapes = circle = semicircle
Segmento circular Sector circular
= circular segment = circular sector
circumference diameter chord arc central point
2D SHAPES
Base Perímetro
= base = perimeter
Diagonal mayor Diagonal menor
= major diagonal = minor diagonal
Base mayor Base menor
= bigger base = shorter base
Lado Vértice Eje de simetría
= side = corner or vertex (pl. vertices) = axis of symmetry
Punto medio Longitud Paralelo
= = = =
Cateto Hipotenusa
middle point length parallel cathetus (pl. catheti)
= hypotenuse
Teorema de Pitágoras
= Pythagorean Theorem: The sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs of a right triangle is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse.
Teorema de Thales
= Thales´Theorem
Altura de un triĂĄngulo
= height or altitude of a triangle: An altitude of a triangle is a straight line through a vertex and perpendicular to (i.e. forming a right angle with) the opposite side. The three altitudes intersect in a single point, called the orthocenter of the triangle.
Mediatriz
= perpendicular bisector: A line which cuts another line into two equal parts at 90°. The three perpendicular bisectors meet in a single point, the circumcenter.
Bisectriz
= angle bisector: The bisector of an angle is the line that divides the angle into two equal parts. The intersection of the angle bisectors is the incenter.
Mediana
= median: A median of a triangle is a straight line through a vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side. The intersection of the medians is the centroid.
Circumference: For English-speaking people, a circumference is the complete distance around a circle. Therefore, what is the length of the circumference for us. This can be a bit confusing. Radius (radii pl.): A straight line from the centre to a point on the circumference. Diameter: A straight line going from a point on the circumference through the centre to the opposite point on the circumference. A diameter is twice the length of a radius. Chord: A straight line going from a point on the circumference to another and which does not pass through the centre. Arc: A portion of the circumference. Circular sector: The area enclosed by two radii of a circle, and the enclosed arc. Circular segment: The region between a chord of a circle and its associated arc. Types of Quadrilaterals:
Types of Triangles: by angle:
by side:
Acute Triangle
Equilateral Triangle
All its angles are less than 90°
Three equal sides Three equal angles, always 60°
Right Triangle
Isosceles Triangle
It has a right angle (90°)
Two equal sides Two equal angles
Obtuse Triangle
Scalene Triangle
It has an angle more than 90°
No equal sides No equal angles
Remember! The three angles in a triangle always add to 180°
Area of Plane Shapes Triangle
Area = ½ × b × h
Square
Area = a2
b = base h = height
a = length of side
Rectangle
Parallelogram
Area = w × h
Area = b × h
w = width h = height
b = base h = height
Trapezoid (US) Trapezium (UK)
Circle
Area = ½(a+b) × h h = height
Area =
π × r2
Circumference = 2 × r = radius
π×
r
Sector Ellipse
Area =
πab
Area = (π × r2 × θº)/360º r = radius θ = angle