Unit 1 2 d shapes actualizado

Bilingual Program MATHS

UNIT 2 : 2D SHAPES Polígono Figura plana Cuadrilátero

= polygon = 2-D shape or plane shape = quadrilateral

Polígono regular Radio Diagonal Apotema

= regular polygon = radius = diagonal = apothem

Ángulo central Ángulo interior

= central angle = interior angle

Ángulo recto Ángulo agudo Ángulo obtuso

= right angle = acute angle = obtuse angle

Ángulos complementarios Ángulos suplementarios

= complementary angles: their measures add up to 90 degrees = supplementary angles: their measures add up to 180 degrees

Linea recta Semirrecta Segmento

= straight line = ray = segment

Rectas paralelas Rectas perpendiculares

= parallel lines = perpendicular lines

Circunferencia Diámetro Cuerda Arco Centro (de la circunf.)

= = = = =

Figuras circulares Círculo Semicírculo

= circular shapes = circle = semicircle

Segmento circular Sector circular

= circular segment = circular sector

circumference diameter chord arc central point

2D SHAPES

Base Perímetro

= base = perimeter

Diagonal mayor Diagonal menor

= major diagonal = minor diagonal

Base mayor Base menor

= bigger base = shorter base

Lado Vértice Eje de simetría

= side = corner or vertex (pl. vertices) = axis of symmetry

Punto medio Longitud Paralelo

= = = =

Cateto Hipotenusa

middle point length parallel cathetus (pl. catheti)

= hypotenuse

Teorema de Pitágoras

= Pythagorean Theorem: The sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs of a right triangle is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse.

Teorema de Thales

= Thales´Theorem

Altura de un triĂĄngulo

= height or altitude of a triangle: An altitude of a triangle is a straight line through a vertex and perpendicular to (i.e. forming a right angle with) the opposite side.

The three altitudes intersect in a single point, called the orthocenter of the triangle.

Mediatriz

= perpendicular bisector: A line which cuts another line into two equal parts at 90°.

The three perpendicular bisectors meet in a single point, the circumcenter.

Bisectriz

= angle bisector: The bisector of an angle is the line that divides the angle into two equal parts.

The intersection of the angle bisectors is the incenter.

Mediana

= median: A median of a triangle is a straight line through a vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side.

The intersection of the medians is the centroid.

Circumference: For English-speaking people, a circumference is the complete distance around a circle. Therefore, what is the length of the circumference for us. This can be a bit confusing.

Radius (radii pl.): A straight line from the centre to a point on the circumference.

Diameter: A straight line going from a point on the circumference through the centre to the opposite point on the circumference. A diameter is twice the length of a radius.

Chord: A straight line going from a point on the circumference to another and which does not pass through the centre.

Arc: A portion of the circumference.

Circular sector: The area enclosed by two radii of a circle, and the enclosed arc.

Circular segment: The region between a chord of a circle and its associated arc.

Types of Quadrilaterals:

Types of Triangles: by angle:

by side:

Acute Triangle

Equilateral Triangle

All its angles are less than 90°

Three equal sides Three equal angles, always 60°

Right Triangle

Isosceles Triangle

It has a right angle (90°)

Two equal sides Two equal angles

Obtuse Triangle

Scalene Triangle

It has an angle more than 90°

No equal sides No equal angles

Remember! The three angles in a triangle always add to 180°

Area of Plane Shapes Triangle

Area = ½ × b × h

Square

Area = a2

b = base h = height

a = length of side

Rectangle

Parallelogram

Area = w × h

Area = b × h

w = width h = height

b = base h = height

Trapezoid (US) Trapezium (UK)

Circle

Area = ½(a+b) × h h = height

Area =

π × r2

Circumference = 2 × r = radius

π×

r

Sector Ellipse

Area =

πab

Area = (π × r2 × θº)/360º r = radius θ = angle