115th year‘s issues The Architecture Magazine
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16 € A , L 18 € I 19,90 € CH 24 SFR
May
18
B5 curated by David Adjaye 4
Contents
08
Climate Moderators
22
Building the Future
76
A Personal Journey
Introduction
and the Past
Interview with David Adjaye
(David Adjaye)
Lucio Costa in Brazil
(Alexander Russ)
(Guilherme Wisnik) 80 10
Africa Architecture
32
Synthesis of East and West
Visual Essay
Sakakura JunzĹ? in Japan
(David Adjaye)
(Ken Tadashi Oshima)
18
44
USA 88
A Place in the Sun
A Gathering Place
Essay
for the Nation
(Charles Correa)
Louis Kahn and Charles Correa
Sugar Hill
Mixed-use building in New York,
AĂŻshti Foundation
Art gallery and shopping centre in Beirut, Lebanon
in India and Bangladesh
96
(David Adjaye)
Corporation (IFC)
International Finance
Office building in Dakar, Senegal 54
Between Outdoor
and Indoor
102
Alvar Aalto in Finland
Museum of Con temporary Art
(Esa Laaksonen)
in Riga, Latvia
64
Place and Circumstance
Alison and Peter Smithson in the UK (Peter Allison)
Sections 114
Solutions
122
Reference
129
Imprint, Preview
130
Column
Translations/Editing: Peter Allison David Skogley Melissa Harkin Anja Miller
5
108
Latvian Museum
Apartment building
Housing in Munich, Germany
Africa Architecture – David Adjaye 1
African Modernism
1
2
In my study of African cities, I was interested in exploring the relationship between climate and architecture and how this is reflected in the built environment. In many places, the impact of technology is limited and the primary response to climate is based on extending traditional devices: thick walls, pierced screens, overhanging roofs, deep arcades – depending on the prevailing condition. Some of the most telling responses are found in vernacular and informal buildings, but the examples illustrated here are mainly by modernist architects working in one of the six climatic zones: the Maghreb, Desert, the Sahel, Savanna and Grassland, Forest and Mountain and Highveld.
Mixed-use building, Abidjan,
(top) Bourlier, Ferrer-Laloé and
(top) Contemporary housing,
Côte d’Ivoire
Miquel, Aéro-Habitat building,
Nouakchott, Mauritania
Algiers, Algeria, 1955
(bottom) Bibliothèque Nationale,
(bottom) Fernand Pouillon, Climat
Nouakchott, Mauritania
IM AGE S: DAVID ADJAYE
2
The Maghreb
de France project, Algiers, Algeria, 1957
3
3
Desert
2
1
Front facade
3
2
Peristyle
3
View of ceiling panels, peristyle
4
Entrance hall
5
Breeze wall between entrance hall and central courtyard
4
IM AGE S: DAVID ADJAYE
5
6
6
Central courtyard, corner
7
Courtyard entrance
8
Detail of staircase between
7
detail
breeze walls 9
Double staircase with door to entrance hall (right) and
8
courtyard entrance (left)
IM AGE S: DAVID ADJAYE
9
II
Case Studies: Brazil, Japan, India/ Bangladesh, Finland, UK 21
Building the Future and the Past Lucio Costa is a key figure in the development of modern architecture in Brazil. Less well known is his interest in vernacular architecture and traditional forms of construction. By employing elements of the vernacular within a modernist framework, his buildings expressed contemporary aspirations while acknowledging the country’s history. by Guilherme Wisnik
IM AGE: DMITRI KE SSE L/ THE LIFE PIC TURE COLLEC TION/GE T T Y IM AGE S
Lucio Costa visiting the site of the future capital Brasilia, for which he designed the master plan
Folio – Sugar Hill New York USA 2011 – 2014
Sugar Hill was an area of farms and smallholdings in the early years of the city. It developed as a residential area in the second half of the nineteenth century and came to prominence in the 1920s, when a number of prominent African Americans associated with t h e H a r l e m R e n a i s s a n ce made their homes here. The programme for the new building brings together an early learning centre at street level, a Children’s Museum of Art a n d Sto r y t e l l i n g a t l owe r ground level, and affordable housing for families and individuals in the tower. Reflecting the public nature of the lower floors, the podium has a transparent relationship to the st reet. It encloses a linear courtyard, accessible from the classrooms of the early learning centre, and includes a two-storey arcade, allowing na tu ral l ight to reach t he Children’s Museum. For privacy and thermal protection, t h e towe r i s cl a d i n s to rey-height prefabricated concrete panels whose colouring and embossed pattern recalls the area’s bucolic past. Located at a major intersection, the land falls away to the Harlem River to the east, and as a result, the building is physically detached from some of its neighbours. To counteract this, the height of the podium and the ninth floor roof terrace connect with the heights of buildings from other periods in the wider context.
Exterior 1
View of north facade, look ing downtown
2
Existing saw-tooth facade on St Nicholas Avenue (left)
3
View of east facade
4
North facade, showing fall in site
5
Roof terrace, ninth floor
6
Entrance, St Nicholas Avenue
Children’s Museum of Art and Storytelling 7
Arcade and activity space
8
Activity space looking towards arcade
9
Exhibition space
Early Childhood Center 10
Classroom with external view
11
Linear courtyard
12
Classroom with view of linear courtyard
Apartments 13
Living space
14
View towards Harlem River
15
View from living space
IM AGE S: WADE ZIM ME R M AN
1
2
IM AGE S: E D RE EVE (10, 12), WADE ZIM ME R M AN (11)
10
11 12
IM AGE S: WADE ZIM ME R M AN (13, 15), E D RE EVE (14)
13
14 15