Mercedes Benz by Cal Poly Citizen Architects

ME R C E D E S B E NZ MUSEUM

Building analysis by Mateo Fabbri + Claire Mitchell

MERCEDES BENZ MUS EUM S tuttg art, G ermany UNS tud io

B uild ing analysis b y Mateo Fab b ri + Claire M itchell A rch 341, Fall 2018 Lab instructor: A lex Hirsig

C over i mage: Gui di ngAchi tects. net

TABLE OF CONTENTS 01_Project S ummary 02_Place 03_Form and A ssemb lies 04_Percep tion and Performance 05_R eferences

0 1_ P ROJE C T S U M MA RY PROJECT DATA Locatio n: Stuttgart, Germany Year of completed construction: 2006 Total area: 35,000 sq m Total construction cost: 150 million Euros Certifications: NA

TE AM Client: Daimler Chrysler Immobilien (DCI) GmbH Architect: UNStudio Architectural Consultants: Arup, Wenzel + Wenzel, HG Merz, Inside outside - Petra Blaisse Landscape: Knoll Ökoplan GmbH Structure: Werner Sobek Ingenieure MEP an d FP: Transs olar Energietechnik Lighting: Ulrike Bra ndi, HG Merz Civil: David Johnsto n, Arup Landscape: Knoll Ökoplan General Contractor: Arge Ed. Züblin AG and Wolff & Müller GmbH & Co.KG

1.1 Approach to Lower Entry Photo: E va Bl oem

A R CHITECT PR O F ILE Fou n ded i n 1 9 8 8 b y B e n v a n Be r ke l a n d C a ro l i n e Bos , UNStud io (United Netw or k Stud io) now op erates in f our loca t i o n s a ro u n d th e g l o b e : Am s te rd a m , S h ang hai, H ong Kong and Frank fur t, w ith it’s p arent fir m bei ng Ams t e rda m . Th ro u g h a l a r g e s ta ff, U N S tu d io is ab le to thoroug hly d es ig n a lar g e as p ec t of their projects, h i ri n g c o n s u l ta n ts w h e n n e ce s s a r y, u s u ally in the loc ation of the p rojec t. S ti ll led by Va n B e rke l a n d Bo s , U N S tu d i o p u ts a l a r g e emp has is on the future and c reating p rojec ts that can posit i ve ly c o n t ri b u te to th e fu tu re s o ci e ty. To p rop er ly integ rate s uc h think ing into p rojec ts , the fir m h as two t e a ms t h a t re s e a rc h a l l a s p e cts o f th e b u ilt env ironment, and c ollab orate w ith p ar tner s to b es t apply th e s e s t ra t e g i e s i n th e i r w o r k . Th e fi r m i s o r g aniz ed in a s trateg ic w ay to imp lement s uc h res earc h and kn ow le d g e , c o m p r i s e d o f U N S K n o w l e d g e a n d UNSFutures to res earc h all fac ets of for w ard think ing desi gn. To g o a lo n g wi t h th i s fo r w a rd th i n k i n g d e s ig n, UNStud io p lac es heav y emp has is on the d ig ital and t echn i ca l a s pe c t s o f a rc h i te ctu re , w o r k i n g to cre ate w hat they c all “attainab le d es ig n.” Rather than jus t researchi n g t h e s e f o rw a rd th i n k i n g i d e a s , th e fi r m w or k s to d es ig n and c ons truc t not jus t b uild ing s , b ut projects o f a ll c a t e g o rie s th a t s tr i ve fo r a co m b i n a tion of arc hitec ture, tec hnolog y, b us ines s , s tainab ility, cu lture, a n d u rba n i s m . Th e fi r m s tr i ve s fo r i n n o vation, w hile s till c reating aes thetic ally b eautiful w or k s . Th ei r spe c t ru m o f wo rk s p a n s fro m a rch i te ctu re to furniture to s hoe d es ig n, ap p ly ing their method olog y in all rea lms o f wo rk. Th e M erc e de s B e n z M u s e u m ca p tu re s th i s m a n tra ver y w ell. It is a ver y for w ard think ing b uild ing in all aspec t s . Th e s t ru c t u ra l a n d g e o m e tr i c i n n o v a t ion c reate a ver y uniq ue and innov ative b uild ing , that also fun c t i o n s we ll. The m u s e u m i s o n e o f th e b u i ld ing s that has allow ed UNStud io to b ec ome more w ell kn ow n , wi n n i n g a p le t h o ra o f a w a rd s , a n d s p o r ti n g a famous name. It c ap tures the fir ms future think ing , wh i le ble n di n g wi t h t he cu l tu re o f th e a re a . Th e collab oration w ith other c ons ultants and loc al Stuttg ar t f i rms h a s le d t h e f i rm to co n ti n u e th i s tre n d to cre ate the b es t overall p rojec t p os s ib le.

1.2 (l) Raffles City Hangzhou, 2008: skylights and a central atrium provide copious daylight Photo: U N S tudi o

1.3 (r) Keppel Cove Marina + Clubhouse, 2018: funnels enable natural ventilation Photo: U N S tudi o

Th e fi rms po rt f o li o go e s b a ck a l m o s t 3 0 ye a r s , and w ill c ontinue into the g reat future in all for ms of desi gn. 2

1.4 Theatre de Stoep, 2008: double facade system creates diffused light Photo: U N S tudi o

M E RC EDE S B ENZ MU S EUM P R O JE C T BAC KGROU N D AN D D ES IG N P R O C E S S

D OU BLE HELIX CIRCU LATION + THREE LEAF PLAN T FORM

Th e geo me t ri c a l c o n c e p t a n d b a ck g ro u n d fo r the for m s tems from a s y mmetr ic al three-leaf p lant, im plyi ng a d o u b le h e lix s h a p e . Tw o 8 0 m e te r l o n g ramp s inter tw ine and w eave throug hout the inter ior of th e mu s e u m , c re a t i n g th e m a i n d o w n w a rd ci rculation. The mus eum w as b uilt for Merc ed es Benz , as a mu seum t o s h o wc a s e th e h u n d re d s o f y e a r s o f c a rs and his tor y they have c reated . The mod ern, c ur v ing f or m of t h e m u s e u m s e r ve s a s a b a ck d ro p fo r the leg end ar y c ar s it hous es , s how ing the joining of t echn olo g y, c o n t e n t , a n d d e s i g n . Th e smo o t h c u rve s o f th e b u i l d i n g a l s o fi t i n to th e c ontex t of the s ite, w ith the c ur ved road running r ig ht by, an d th e n e a rby s o c c e r s ta d i u m . I n i ti a l l y s ke tc hing and p hy s ic ally mod eling the s p iraling d oub le helix ramps d ro ve t h e o ve ra l l fo r m o f th e m u s e u m , a n d lead to the ultimate c reation of a d ig ital mod el w ith over 50 re n d i t i o n s b e f o re fi n a l c o n s tru c ti o n . â&#x20AC;&#x153;Th e Tw is tâ&#x20AC;? as UNStud io c alls it c reates an inter ior that d oes n ot di sti n gu i s h t h e wa l l s fro m th e c e i l i n g , a n d h o us es no hard ed g es or 9 0 d eg ree c orner s . Overall, the mu seum i s s e e n a s a l a n d m a r k fo r th e ci ty to ce l eb rate their mos t famous inventor and c omp any. 3

1.5 Design process: double helix circulation + symmetrical three-leaf plant form I mages: U N S tudi o / Arch D ai l y

FLOOR 01

DOUBLE HELIX FORM FLOOR 02

Massing Model

s c ale: 1 /64” = 1’-0”

M A SSING + CO NF IG U R AT I ON

SECTION

EGRESS

PROGRAM

CIRCULATION

STRUCTURE COMPOSITE DIAGRAM

G R A P HIC S U MMA RY ENVELOPE

THERMAL + VENTILATION

02_PLACE 02_PLACE RU ER SO U SR C+E S O XNTT E X T R E G IROENGAI O L NRAELS O CE C O+N C TE

LFKW TREATMENT PLANTLANDFILL LANDFILL RECYCLINGRECYCLING LFKW TREATMENT PLANT

W AW T A E T R E

R ENERGE Y NSEYRSGT YE MS SY S T E M S

RAIN

THE RHINETHE + LAKE CONSTANCE RHINE + LAKE CONSTANCE

MERCEM D EE SR CBEEDNEZS MBUESNEZU M MU S E U M S T U T T G ASRTTU T, TGGEARRMT A,NGY E R M A N Y

3 WATER PUMPS 3 WATER PUMPS

NE EN R E GR Y G

N EA R B Y SO CCER STA D IU M

In Stu ttgarInt, SGer su pply esp ly from two from two t ut m t g an a r ty,, Gtheer mwater a ny, t he w a t ecom r s up c omes lar ge bodies e Rh ake la r gofe fresh b o d i ewater, s o f f reth s hw a t in e r,e tan hed RLhi ne Constance. a nd Lake Constanc e. Th is waterThi iss thwen thprou m ain pumps a t epu r im s ped t he noup tum e d gh o utthtree hro ug h three main pumps

EnBW POWER PLANT EnBW POWER PLANT

an d is tranaspor en water nd i sted t ratonsth p oe rLt eFdKW t o treatm t he LFK Wt tplan re a tt.mWater e nt plant. Water water is also recycled ere i s a ls ohre c y cwh le ere d heitreiswtreated he re i t ian s tdrereu a t esed. d andStuttreused. Stuttgar t is pargt aofr tai slar from p ager r t ogr f aidlath r gate risg rsu i dpplied t ha t i swith s up penergy li ed with ener gy from a pleth oraa of E ne BW en er gy Wplan t ris the is on the p lesou t horces. ra o f Th s oeurc s . The EnB e ne gy on plant ou tskir ts of d tis of ith m ain of o utStu s k ittgar r t s otf an S t ut g a on r t ea nd s eo ne o f su t heppliers main supplier s of

LFKW TREATMENT PLANT LFKW TREATMENT PLANT COAL

39% COAL

GAS 39%

7% GAS URANIUM 15% 7% URANIUM

en er gy fore ne allr gof d t th seut he m. m The energy y f Stu o r ttgar a ll o tf an S t ut g aer t maund useum. The ener gy

15%

types are tsor in tos o4r tm coal, y p eted s a re e dain i ntcategor o 4 m a iies: n c aren t e gewables, o r i e s : renewables, c oal, gas, an d ugran eir wrespective a s ,iuam nd with ura nithum i t h t he i r repercen s p e c t itages. ve percOverentages. O ver all, all water ena er is created is sbrought in.brought in. a ll,an a lld w t e rgya nd e ne r g y ioff s c site re a t ean d do ff ite and is

RENEWABLES 40% RENEWABLES

40%

W IN D IN G FR EEWAY S

Stu ttgar t en cou atc yan in dividu al i and com- and c omS t ut t grages a r t e ncrecyclin o ura g eg, s re c li ng , at an ndiv idual m ercial level ani adl hleve as recyclin th rou the city. the c ity. m e rc l a nd hags cen re c ter y c lisng c e ntgh e rout s throughout

R E L AT I V E H U M I D I T Y

100%

C LI MATE + RSES C L I MANA A T ELYASNISA LY I S P+ONRSEES P O N S E

60%

.028

90%

WINTER SOLSTICE S U N PAT H

R E L AT I V E H U M I D I T Y W E T- B U L B 80 T E M P E R AT U R E DEG. F

100%

.024 60%

80%

80 .028

90%

.020

S U M M E R S O L S T I C E S U N PAT H

.024

W E T- B U L B T E M P E R AT U R E DEG. F

.016

.020

.012 60

50 50 40

40 50

40 30

.012

.004

20 10 0 70

100

110

.008

40 30

.004

20 10 0

D R Y- B U L B

N T E M P E R AT U R E ,

100

110

DEG. F

MERCEDES BENZ MUSEUM

D R Y- B U L B T E M P E R A T U R E , D E G . F

.016

.008

STUTTGART , GERMANY

MERCEDES BENZ MUSEUM 10 15 20 25 30

STUTTGART , GERMANY

In Stuttga rt, German y, th e wa t e r s uppl y c o m e s f rom t w o large bodies of f resh w at er, t h e Rh in e an d L a ke Const an c e . Thi s water i s th en pum pe d o ut t hro ugh t hre e main pu mps an d is t ran sport ed t o t h e L F KW t reat me nt p lant. rm ay cn ly,e dthhe e re w a te r sre u pipt l yi s co maetse dfrom o sed. lar g eStbuod hwof ater, the Rhine Wat erInw aStut te rt ga is rt al,sGo erec whe t re an d tw reu t ties gartofisfres part a larger grid tand h at is sup p lied In S t u t t g a r t, G erm any, th e w ater s upply comes from two large bodies of freshwater, the Rh i n e a n d L a ke C o n n s t a nac ep. l Th i s ra w a otef rsiosurc th eens .p u m p eEdnBW o u t throug three main and is ted to wit h eLake ne r gyC ofrom etho The en ergyh plan t is on tphump e ous t skirt s trans of St uptor t gart anthe d is one of the s t a n c e . Th i s w ater i s then pu mped ou t through three main pumps and is transported to the LFKW t re a t m e n t p l a n t . LF KW tre a t m e n t pla n t. Wa te r i s a l s o re c y c l e d h ere w here it is treated and reus ed . Stuttg ar t is p ar t of categ or ies: mai n s uppl iers of en erg y f o r a l l o f S t ut t ga r t a nd t he mu seu m. Th e en ergy t ypes are sort ed in t o 4 main Wa t e r w a t e r i s al s o rec y c l ed h ere w here it is treated and reused. Stuttgart is part of a larger a lar ge r gri d t h a t i s s u p p l i e d w i th e n e r g y fro m a p lethora of s ourc es . The EnBW ener g y p lant is on the g r i d t h a t i s s u p p l i e d re n ewa bl e s, c oal , g as , an d ura ni um wi t h t he i r re s pe ct ive percen t ages. Overall, all w at er an d en ergy is created off ht u en The EnBW plant is onar the outskirts Stuttga rt and is one of the 4 outski rt s w o fi t S t tegragrty afrom n d i saopl n eeth o f ora th e of m asiou n src u es. p plier s of enerenergy g y for all of Stuttg t and the musofeum. si t e a nd i s b rou g h t i n . St ut t ga r t e nc o ura ge s re c y c lin g, at an in dividu al an d commercial level an d h as recycling s us papre li ers S tuttgart and the types are sorted Th e en e rgmy atiynpe s o rof te deniergy n to 4for m aal i nl of c a te g o r ies : renew abmuseum. les , c oal, The g as ,energy and uranium w ith theirinto 4 m a i n c a t e g o r i e s : cen t e r s throu gre h ou t th e c i t y. n e w a b le s, c oal , gas , and u ran i u m w i t h their respective percentages. Overall, all water and e n e r g y i s c re a t e d o ff

respec t i ve pe rc e n t a g e s . Ove ra l l , a l l w a te r a n d ener g y is c reated off s ite and is b roug ht in. Stuttg ar t encoura g se ist ereacnydc lii sn gbrought , a t a n iinn.d i Stuttgart v i d u a l a n denco m merc ialrecycling, level andathas y c ling c enter s throug houtlevel a n d h a s re c y c l i n g c ourages an rec individual and commercial 5 Du e t oth ei tsci pty.rox im i ty to a l a r ge s o c c e r s s t a di um , t he mu seu m’s f orm t akes in f lu en ce f rom t h e large, cur vilinear c e n t e r s t h roughout th e c i ty.

fo rm, a nd e x p os ed s tru ct ure . The m us e um ’s c o nc e pt an d f orm are also h eavily in f lu en ced by t h e f reeway that

ai mi lng a rtygm etoosve oa cc eer nt s tasooc df i u m , fthe mus for m gtakes influenc e from the t lar pas seDue s a l otongi tssDi dupro ee it, fto l o wi tche reew ay eum’s anthe d cu rvin on form an d off ramps led o from t ghe, e fthe or ml aof txoi mi ith t steyprox lm arge ers stadium, museum’s takes influence r g ethe , curvilinear

ne af n oas rm, xcpaored sm e dsus s tru ctu .The Thf aecm m u s eum’s c mu oncseu ep t m and for m are ily influenc bu ild icu ngrvi - liseei e um . re The auseum’s de of t h econcept also react t oo itheav ’s orien tinfluenced at ion , ed ju t t ing or rgfm , aintadinsdexaepos truc tu re. and form aresals also heavily b y tin h eand f re e w ay t h a t by the f re e way t h a t p a s s e s a l o n g s i d e i t, th e fl ow ing movement of the freew ay and c ur v ing on and o u t d e pe ndin g pon th e l oc a t i o n o f t he wi ndo ws t o c re at e overh an gs an d preven t direct su n ligh t f rom en t e r ing . a s s e s a lo ngs i de i t, th e fl ow i n g movement of the freeway and curving on and off ramps led t o t h e f o r m o f t h e off ramps le d t o t h e fo r m o f th e b u i l d i n g - s e e i ng as it is a c ar mus eum. The fac ad e of the mus eum b u i ld i n g - s eei n g as i t i s a c ar m us eu m. The facade of the museum also reacts to it’s orientat i o n , j u t t i n g i n a n d also re a c t s t o i t ’s o r i e n ta ti o n , j u tti n g i n a n d o u t d ep end ing on the loc ation of the w ind ow s to c reate o u t d e p e n di ng on th e l oc ati on of the w indows to create overhangs and prevent direct sunlight f ro m e n t e r i n g . overh a n gs a n d preve n t d i re c t s u n l i g h t fro m e n te r ing . 6

W W

30 25 20 15 10

WIND SPEED (MPH) MAX AVG

10 15 20 25 30

E 30 25 20 15 10

WM I NI ND S P E E D ( M P H ) 10% AVG 100%

10% 20%

MAX

MIN

AVG

MIN

MAX 10% AVG 100%

MIN AVG MAX

10%

20%

H U M I D I T Y R AT I O

S U M M E R S O L S T I C E S U N PAT H

H U M I D I T Y R AT I O

WINTER SOLSTICE S U N PAT H

80%

0 3_ FO RM + A SSE M B L IE S MYTH UP

ATR IUM

VO ID UP

CO LLECTIO N

E XH I BI T ORGANIZ ATION

INVENTIO N O F THE CA R

3.1 Car Display Exhibit Photo: E va Bl oem

E XHIBITS : M YTHO S + CO LLECTIO N

R ACES + R ECO R DS RE STAURANT LO B B Y

3.2 Main Atrium / Entry Photo: U N S tudi o

UNROLLED SECTION

INVENTION OF THE CAR

B C

COLLECTION LEGEND COLLECTION COLLECTION

LEGEND COLLECTION LEGEND COLLECTION RACES + RECORDS

PR OGRAM

LEGEND COLLECTION LEGEND COLLECTION

LEGEND COLLECTION LEGEND

RACES + RECORDS

LOBBY

RESTAURANT

ADMIN

TECHNIQUE

COLLECTION

Th e Mus e u m i s c o m p r i s e d o f 2 m a i n c o n ce p ts that not only c reate the p rog ram, b ut als o infor m the ci rculati o n a n d o ve ra ll c o n ce p t. Th e s e tw o c o n ce p ts are “My thos ,” d is p lay ing the his tor y of the c omp any in dar ker, e n c lo s e d e x h i b i ts , a n d “C o l l e c ti o n , ” d i s p l ay ing vehic les in b r ig ht, d ay lit g aller ies . Thes e g aller ies t ake up a m a jo ri t y o f t h e s p a c e i n th e b u i l d i n g , w ith c afes tuc ked among them, and a res taurant on the f i rst leve l. Th e b a s e m e n t l eve l h o u s e s th e m o re mund ane elements of the p rog ram, leav ing ever y thing bu t th e b a s e me n t a s p u b l i c s p a ce . Th e e x h i b i t s p ac es ex is t in an inter tw ining w ay, mor p hing into one another a n d b le n di n g to g e th e r th ro u g h th e ra m p s , thoug h eac h ex hib it s p ac e has its ow n c las s ific ation. 7

3.3 Historical Exhibit Photo: Zur Wei nstei ge

I N T E RN AL “T W I STS”

EXP OSED VERTICAL STRUCTURE

3.4 “The Twist” Under Construction Photos: Per i - U S A

CONCRETE SLAB FLOOR P LATES

S TR UCTURE Th e struc t u ra l s y s t e m fo r th e M e rc e d e s Be n z M u s eum is ver y thoug htfully d es ig ned not only s truc turally, bu t aesth e t i c a lly a s w e l l . “Th e Tw i s t, ” a s U N S tud io c alls it, ac ts as the key load b ear ing s truc ture, allowi n g la rge o p e n e x h i b i ti o n s p a c e s s p a n n i n g 1 0 0 feet w ithout ver tic al c olumns . 8 That tw is t als o ac ts as a feat u re o f t h e m a s s i n g , s p ro u ti n g fro m th e th ree eg res s c ores and trans for ming into the ramp s that f or m th e o ve ra ll c i rc u l a ti o n . I n a d d i ti o n to th e p r i mar y g rav ity memb er s , there is als o ex p os ed s truc ture righ t i ns i d e t h e gla z i n g l ay e r o f th e fa ca d e to s u p p o r t the outer mater ials of the b uild ing and the c onc rete slabs. 9

3.5 Exposed Vertical Structure Photos: E va Bl oem

GL AS S PAN E L S AN GLED BAC K WARD S TO P ROV IDE S U N P ROT E C T I ON F ROM T H E FAC AD E M AN I P U L AT I ON OF T H E AL U M I N U M PAN ELS

GLASS CURTAIN WALL EXP OSING SUP P ORTIN G STRUCTURE

ALUMINUM PANELS

E N V ELOP E Th e enve lo pe o f t h e b u i l d i n g i s c o m p o s e d o f a n eve n b alanc e of g las s and aluminum p anels . The g las s is placed i n ve ry i n t e n t i o n a l p l a ce s o f th e b u i l d i n g , ang led b ac k w ard s to p rov id e s un s had ing , and b ac ked by the c o lu mn s t ru c t u re fo r th e b u i l d i n g . E a ch o f the 1 8 0 0 g las s p anels is uniq ue c ontr ib uting to the overall c u rv i li n e a r a n d u n i q u e fo r m . Th e l o ca ti o n of the tw o d ifferent fac ad e mater ials s omew hat ev okes t h e di ffe re n t f lo o r h e i g h ts a n d l eve l s to th e m u s e u m, b ut als o d is g uis es the p rec is e loc ation of eac h floor plate th ro u g h t h e swe e p i n g fo r m a n d a r ti c u l a ti o n s in the overall g eometr y. In c er tain loc ations , the floor plates are s e t ba c k f ro m th e e n ve l o p e , c re a ti n g s p ac es for s tairc as es w rap p ing around the b uild ing . 10

3.6 Aluminum panels + glass facade Photo: M anecke / w i ki medi a

0 4_ P E RC E P T I O N + P ER F O R MA N C E

Energy Model

E N ERGY + DAY LIG H T ING P E RF ORM AN C E For such a la rge a n d co m p l e x b u i l d i n g l i ke th e Merc ed es Benz Mus eum, ener g y us e tend s to b e ver y h i gh . Th e mu s e u m i s l i g h ti n g d o m i n a te d a n d h a s a ver y hig h EUI d ue to this fac t, how ever the Sefaira model d i d n o t re f le c t th e d i p s i n th e fa ca d e w h i c h c ontr ib ute to p as s ive d ay lig hting and c reate natural overh ang s , n o t a llo wi n g fo r a p ro p e r re fl e cti o n o f the b uild ing s true EUI. The mus eum d oes not meet the ZeroTool s t a n da rd s f o r E U I , h o w eve r w e c h o s e Vanc ouver as the loc ation b ec aus e Stuttg ar t, Ger many was not a n o p t i o n a n d Va n c o u ve r w a s a s i m i l a r c limate z one. Thoug h the EUI from Sefaira is relatively h i gh , i t i s a ve ry la rge b u i l d i n g fu e l e d m o s tl y b y l i g hting , and the c op ious amount of s had ed g las s on the f acade a llo ws f o r p a s s i ve h e a ti n g a n d l i g h ti n g . I n a pro je c t o f t h i s typ e , l i g h ti n g i s g e n e ra l l y t he mos t d ominating fac tor d ue to the need to ver y speci fi ca lly li g h t t h e e x h i b i t s p a ce s . I b e l i eve th a t the d es ig n influenc es that are p r imar ily imp ac ting t h e per fo rma n c e o u t c o m e s a re th e s p e ci fi c p ro g ram elements , the lar g e footp r int that p revents d ay lig ht f rom rea c h i n g t h e i n te rn a l s p a ce s , a n d th e co n duc tion throug h the g laz ing es p ec ially in the c old er month s le a d i n g t o la rg e m e c h a n i ca l h e a ti n g n e e d s .

Daylight Model

O P ENING IN ROOF FOR V ENTILATION + SMOKE ELIMINATION

MAN MADE SMOKE TORNADO

NATURAL VENTILATION

OP ERABLE WINDOWS FOR NATURAL VENTILATION

LA R G E AT R IU M TO E N ABL E S TACK VENT IL AT I ON T E C H N I QU E S

THE RM AL + VENT ILAT IO N S Y S T E M S Th e ther m a l + ve n t i lati o n s tra te g i e s w e re m o s tl y p r iv atiz ed for the Merc ed es Benz Mus eum, how ever a large ve n t i la t i o n s t ra te g y th e y i m p l e m e n t i s u s ing the atr ium as a lar g e s moke elimination element. Th e atri u m h a s 1 4 4 n o z z l e s th a t b l o w a i r i n to th e c ore, g enerating a tornad o that r is es and is releas ed t h rou gh t h e ro o f â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s s m o ke ve n ti l a to r. Th i s s ys te m i s als o us ed as s tac k ventilation; op erab le w ind ow s on all si des o f t h e mu s e u m ta ke a i r i n w h i ch i s s u c ke d into the atr ium and releas ed throug h the roof. 11 Th ere are ch as e s i n e a c h o f t h e e g re s s c o re s , ke e p i n g the H VAC c onc ealed , and the p lant is loc ated on the roof, h i dden fro m t h e g ro u nd l eve l b e ca u s e o f th e b u i l d ing s heig ht. In ter ms of p as s ive s trateg ies , the natural ve n ti lati o n s t a c k e ff e c t i s b e n e fi ci a l i n th e w a r m e r months , and the fac ad e over hang s allow for lar g e amou n ts o f g la z i n g whi ch ca n a i d i n h e a ti n g th e mus eum in the c old er months . The p as s ive s y s tems and smoke e li m i n a t i o n s y s te m a re s e a m l e s s l y i n te g ra ted into the mus eums for m and or g aniz ation, utiliz ing t h e twi st i n g mo t i o n i n th e i n te r i o r a n d u n d u l a ti n g fac ad e. H ow ever, the mec hanic al s y s tems are not as evi den t i n t h e o ve ra ll g e o m e tr y.

4.1 Man Made Tornado in Atrium Photos: D ai l y M ai l

S I N GL E L E V E L D OU BL E H E L I X C I RC U L AT I ON

MAIN ENTRY

C I R CUL ATIO N Th e pri ma ry c i rc u la t i o n i s co m p o s e d o f tw o m a i n ramp s that inter tw ine w ith eac h other and follow a double he li x p a t t e rn . U p o n e n tr y i n to th e a tr i u m , g ues ts take one of three elev ator s to the top level and experi enc e t h e m u s e u m fro m th e to p d o w n th ro u g h the inter tw ining c irc ulation. The s p iraling c irc ulation is on e o f t h e p ri m a ry fo r m d r i ve r s fo r th e b u i l d i ng , and c reates a uniq ue ex p er ienc e for the v is itor s . Alon g wi t h t h e t wo ra m p s , th e re a re a s e r i e s o f inter tw ining s tairc as es that follow the uniq ue d oub le h eli x path a ro u n d t h e e d g e s o f th e fl o o r p l a te s , a n d c reate alternate routes for the us er s . The c irc ulation informs t h e o ve ra ll pro g ra m l ayo u t a n d th e w ay u s er s ex p er ienc e s p ec ific ex hib its . 12

4. 2 C entral C i rcul ati on S tai r s Photo: E va Bl oem

T H RE E E GR ESS CORES C E N T E RE D AROUND ATRIUM

SMOKE ELIMINATION SYSTEM

MAIN ENTRY

E G RES S + F IR E LIF E S A FE T Y Th e thre e e le me n t s o f e g re s s a re a l l j a m m e d to g ether into three main c ores that s ur round the atr ium keepi ng wi t h t h e o ve ra l l tre fo i l fo r m . E a c h o f th e cores c ons is ts of one of the uniq uely d es ig ned elev ator s , and hi dd e n a way i s a s e t o f b a s i c e g re s s s ta i r s that c ons is ts of ex it ac c es s , d oub le d oor s on eac h level l eadi ng i n t o a h a llway w h i c h h a s a n o th e r d o o r l e ad ing into the ex it w hic h is a s et of sw itc hb ac k s tair s t h at then le a ds i n t o t he e x i t d i s ch a r g e w h i ch i s t he atr ium / lob b y s p ac e. Thes e three elements w or k t ogeth er t o c re a t e t h e th re e e g re s s co re s th a t a l l ow p eop le to s afely move into the lob b y, then d irec tly outsi de. Th i s s y s t e m i s n o t p a r t o f th e e x p e r i e n ti a l c irc ulation, ac ting jus t as a p rac tic ality, and allow ing f or other pra c t i c a l e le m e n ts s u c h a s c h a s e s a n d s truc tural c ores .

4.3 Elevator and Egress Stair Cores in Atrium Photo: E va Bl oem

BIBLIOGRAP H Y

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S aha, Prabi r. “Archi tecture as Aestheti cs. ” Parque Bi bl i oteca E spaña. Januar y 01, 1970. Acces s ed Oc tober 2 , 2 0 1 8 . http: / / archi tectureassoci ate. bl ogspot. com/ 2012/ 11/ mercedes- benz- museum. html . “ S tuttgar t Waste S or ti ng & Recycl i ng. ” M ovi ng to S tuttgar t, Ger many. June 27, 2018. Accessed November 4 , 2 0 1 8 . https: / / movi ngtostuttgar t. com/ w aste- sor ti ng- recycl i ng/ . “ TransnetBW. ” W i ki pedi a. Februar y 01, 2018. Accessed N ovember 4, 2018. h ttps: / / de. w i ki pedi a. or g/ w i ki / TransnetBW. “ The Treatment Pl ant. ” Appl i cati on of Granul ar Acti vated C ar bon | C hai r of S ani tar y E ngi neering and Water Rec y c ling | U ni ver si ty of S tuttgar t. M ay 1, 2015. Accessed N ovember 4, 2018. https: / / w w w. i sw a. uni - stuttgar t. de/ l fkw / kl aer w er k. en. html . “ U N S tudi o | M ercedes- Benz M useum. ” Ar thi tectural com C amenzi nd E vol uti on Googl e E M E A Engineering Hub C omments. Accessed N ovember 12, 2018. https: / / w w w. ar thi tectural . com/ unstudi o- mercedes- benz- museum/ . “ Wel come to S tuttgar t: Recycl i ng and E co- l abel s i n Ger many. ” S tuttgar tC i ti zen. com. Jul y 13, 2 0 1 8 . Ac c es s ed N ovember 4, 2018. https: / / w w w. stuttgar tci ti zen. com/ new comer s/ w el come- stuttgar t- goi ng- green- recycl i ng- eco-labels /. “ Wel come to WAS TE . ” Ai r Qual i ty C ontrol , S ol i d Waste and Waste Water Process E ngi neer i ng | Univers ity of S tuttgar t. Accessed N ovember 3, 2018. http: / / w w w. w aste. uni - stuttgar t. de/ . W üst, C hr i sti an. “ Ger many’s N ew M ercedes M useum: From H or sepow er to the Popemobi l e - SP IEGEL ONLINE I nternati onal . ” S PI E GE L ON L I N E . M ay 18, 2006. Accessed N ovember 14, 2018. http: / / w w w. spi egel . de/ i nternati onal / spi egel / ger many- s- new - mercedes- museum- from- hor sepower-to-thepopemobi l e- a- 416896. html .

3. 6: Photograph © W i ki medi a “ Fi l e: M ercedes- Benz- M useum (Fassade)- 1. J PG, ” W i ki medi a C ommons, the free medi a repository, Ac c es s ed N ovember 14, 2018. https: / / commons. w i ki medi a. or g/ w / i ndex. php? ti tl e= Fi l e: M ercedes- Benz- M useum_(Fassade)-1 .JP G&oldid=2 6 7 6 0 7 0 7 7 4. 1: photograph © D ai l y M ai l M al m, S ara. “ The Tornado That’s C ausi ng a Real I ndoor S tor m: Wor l d’s S trongest M an- made Whirlwind Attrac t Record C row ds - but I t I s Just a Fi re S afety D evi ce. ” D ai l y M ai l Onl i ne. Januar y 16, 2013. Acc es s ed Dec ember 4 , 2018. https: / / w w w. dai l ymai l . co. uk/ new s/ ar ti cl e- 2263436/ The- tornado- thats- causi ng- real - i ndoor- storm-Worlds -s tronges tman- w hi r l w i nd- attract- record- crow ds- - j ust- safety- devi ce. html .

I M AGE CRED IT S Cover ima ge: photograph © G u i d i n g A rc h i t e c t s “S t uttgart I ndustr iel l .” G u i d i n g A rc h i t e c t s. A c c e sse d No ve m b e r 6 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttp://w ww.guiding-archi t e c t s. n e t / t o u r s/ st u t t g a r t - i n d u st ri e ll/ . 1 .1: ph otograph © E va Bl o e m “Gallery of Mercedes-B enz M u se u m / U NSt u d i o - 6. ” A rc h Da i ly. Fe b ru a ry 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 . A cce s s e d De ce m b e r 6 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttps://w ww.archdail y.com / 805982/ me rc e d e s- b e n z - mu se u m -u n s t u d i o / 5 8 a e 3 c0 d e 5 8 e ce 4 cd 1 0 0 0 1 2 4 -m e rce d e s - b e n zmu seu m-unstudio-photo. 1 .2: ph otograph © UN Stu d i o “Projects.” UN Studio. Acc e sse d O c t o b e r 16, 2018. h ttps://w ww.unstudio.com / e n / p ro j e c t s?q f i l t e r =1005. 1 .3: ph otograph © UN Stu d i o “Projects.” UN Studio. Acc e sse d O c t o b e r 16, 2018. h ttps://w ww.unstudio.com / e n / p ro j e c t s?q f i l t e r =1005. 1 .4: ph otograph © UN Stu d i o “Projects.” UN Studio. Acc e sse d O c t o b e r 16, 2018. h ttps://w ww.unstudio.com / e n / p ro j e c t s?q f i l t e r =1005. 1 .5: all images © UN Stud i o / A rc h D a i l y “Gallery of Mercedes-B enz M u se u m / U NSt u d i o - 6. ” A rc h Da i ly. Fe b ru a ry 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 . A cce s s e d De ce m b e r 6 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttps://w ww.archdail y.com / 805982/ me rc e d e s- b e n z - mu se u m -u n s t u d i o / 5 8 a e 3 c0 d e 5 8 e ce 4 cd 1 0 0 0 1 2 4 -m e rce d e s - b e n zmu seu m-unstudio-photo. 3 .1: ph otograph © E va Bl o e m “Gallery of Mercedes-B enz M u se u m / U NSt u d i o - 6. ” A rc h Da i ly. Fe b ru a ry 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 . A cce s s e d De ce m b e r 9 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttps://w ww.archdail y.com / 805982/ me rc e d e s- b e n z - mu se u m -u n s t u d i o / 5 8 a e 3 c0 d e 5 8 e ce 4 cd 1 0 0 0 1 2 4 -m e rce d e s - b e n zmu seu m-unstudio-photo. 3 .2: ph otograph © UN Stu d i o “Gallery of Mercedes-B enz M u se u m / U NSt u d i o - 6. ” A rc h Da i ly. Fe b ru a ry 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 . A cce s s e d De ce m b e r 9 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttps://w ww.archdail y.com / 805982/ me rc e d e s- b e n z - mu se u m -u n s t u d i o / 5 8 a e 3 c0 d e 5 8 e ce 4 cd 1 0 0 0 1 2 4 -m e rce d e s - b e n zmu seu m-unstudio-photo. 3 .3: ph otograph © Zur Wei n st e i g e “Mercedes B enz M useum St u t t g a r t Li v i n g t h e Au t o mo t i ve Myt h . ” Me rce d e s B e n z Mu s e u m G e rm a n y S t u t t g a rt . A cce s s e d D ec ember 9, 2018. h ttps://w ww.zur-weinstei g e . d e / st u t t g a r t - h o t e l s/ st u t t g a r t / m u s e u m s / m e rce d e s - b e n z- m u s e u m - g e rm a n y- s t u t t g a rt . p h p . 3 .4: ph otograph © Per i USA Peri. “Mercedes-Benz Muse u m, G e r m a n y. ” P ER I Fo r mwork S ys t e m s , In c. - Fo rm w o rk S ca ff o ld i n g E n g i n e e ri n g . A cc essed December 4, 20 18. h ttps://w ww.per i-usa.com / p ro j e c t s/ c u l t u ra l - b u i l d i n g s/ m e rce d e s - b e n z- m u s e u m . h t m l. 3 .5: ph otograph © E va Bl o e m “Gallery of Mercedes-B enz M u se u m / U NSt u d i o - 6. ” A rc h Da i ly. Fe b ru a ry 2 4 , 2 0 1 7 . A cce s s e d De ce m b e r 9 , 2 0 1 8 . h ttps://w ww.archdail y.com / 805982/ me rc e d e s- b e n z - mu se u m -u n s t u d i o / 5 8 a e 3 c0 d e 5 8 e ce 4 cd 1 0 0 0 1 2 4 -m e rce d e s - b e n zmu seu m-unstudio-photo.

4. 2: photograph © E va Bl oem “ Gal l er y of M ercedes- Benz M useum / U N S tudi o - 6. ” ArchD ai l y. Februar y 24, 2017. Accessed Dec ember 4 , 2 0 1 8 . https: / / w w w. archdai l y. com/ 805982/ mercedes- benz- museum- unstudi o/ 58ae3c0de58ece4cd100 0 1 2 4 -merc edes -benz museum- unstudi o- photo. 4. 3: photograph © E va Bl oem “ Gal l er y of M ercedes- Benz M useum / U N S tudi o - 6. ” ArchD ai l y. Februar y 24, 2017. Accessed Dec ember 9 , 2 0 1 8 . https: / / w w w. archdai l y. com/ 805982/ mercedes- benz- museum- unstudi o/ 58ae3c0de58ece4cd100 0 1 2 4 -merc edes -benz museum- unstudi o- photo. Back C over I mage: © S kyr i se C i ti es L andau, Jack. “ Vi ew fi nder : M ercedes- Benz M useum | S kyr i seC i ti es. ” N ew s. Januar y 27, 2016. Ac c es s ed Dec ember 9 , 2018. https: / / skyr i seci ti es. com/ new s/ 2016/ 01/ vi ew fi nder- mercedes- benz- museum. Al l other i mages created by the author s.