iii_elementary-science-ev

Class-III Subject: Elementary Science

First Term-2014

Prepared by Rasheda Akhter Naznin Parveen

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Class: III

Elementary Science

Chapter-One Our Environment 1. Write the correct answer: 1) Which one of the following is a natural element of environment?

(a)

(b) Plants

Car

(c)

(d) Bi-cycle

Ship

Answer: (a)

Plants 2)

Which one of the following is a man-made element of environment? (a)

(b) Bird

Hill

(c)

(d) Fish

House

Answer: (d)

3)

House What type of ceremonies are new year’s day, marriage and birthday etc.? (a) Natural (b) Social (c) Religious (d) Family program Answer: (b) Social Page-1

Elementary Science

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Which one of the following is a social element of environment? (a) Soil (b) Hill (c) House (d) Air Answer: (c) House What type of ceremonies are victory day, independent day, martyrs day? (a) Natural (b) Social (c) Family program (d) Religious Answer: (b) Social Which one is a part of social environment? (a) River (b) Hill (c) Father-mother (d) Cow Answer: (c) Father-mother Which one of the following is not the element of a family? (a) Relatives (b) Father-mother (c) Brother-sister (d) Road Answer: (d) Road In Bangladesh every year we celebrate New Year’s day at 1st Baishakh. What type of ceremony is new year’s day? (a) Family program (b) Social (c) Religious (d) National Answer: (b) Social Which one of the following man can create? (a) Water (b) Plants (c) Air (d) Railway carriage Answer: (d) Railway carriage

2. Fill in the blanks: a) All the things around us make our environment. b) Environment is of two types social environment and natural environment. c) Hill is an element of natural environment. d) Man has made various elements of environment. e) Our social environment includes our family and the neighbor. f) Various social ceremonies are the part of social environment.

3. Short answer questions: a) What is environment?

Answer: The things around us taking together is called our environment.

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b)

With whom family is composed?

Answer: Our family is composed of our parents, siblings and relatives.

c)

How many types of environment and what are they?

Answer: There are two types of environment. They are: i. Man made environment or social environment. ii. Natural environment

d)

Various types of social ceremonies are the part of which environment?

Answer: Various types of social ceremonies are the part of social environment.

e)

What is social environment?

Answer: The environment having man-made element like houses, roads, buses, railway carriages, factories is known as social environment.

f)

What is natural environment?

Answer: The environment which is created by nature is called natural environment.

4. Broad answer questions: a) Write down five elements of natural environment and five elements of social environment which are existing in the environment around your school.

Answer: The five elements of natural environment which is existing around my school are: i. Trees ii. Crow iii. Man iv. Air v. Water The five elements of social environment which is existing around my school are: i. Roads ii. Houses iii. Rickshaw iv. Door v. Books b)

Which type of environment is composed of our family and neighbor? Write two differences between natural and social environment.

Answer: Our social environment is composed of our family and neighbor.

The two differences between natural and social environment are given below: Natural environment Social Environment 1. The environment which is created 1. The environment which is created by nature is called natural by man is called social environment. environment.

2. Man, birds, plants are the elements 2. Houses, buses, railway carriage are of natural environment. the elements of social environment.

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Elementary Science

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Class: III

What type of ceremony is new year’s day? Like this, write down the name of some social ceremonies.

Answer: New year’s day is a social ceremony.

Like new year’s day the name of some social ceremonies are: i. Martyrs day ii. Independent day iii. Victory day iv. Intellectual day v. Birthday vi. Marriage vii. Nobanno viii. Poushmela

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Class: III

Elementary Science

Chapter-Two Living and Non-living 1. Write the correct answer: 1) Which one is a living being? (a)

(b) Plant

House

(c)

(d) Rickshaw

Aeroplane

Answer: (a)

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Plant Which one dies? (a)

(b) Motor car

Crow

(c)

(d)

Chair

House

Answer: (b)

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Crow Which is the characteristics of living things? (a) Living things do not die (b) Living things do not take food (c) Living things cannot move (d) Living things cannot survive without oxygen Answer: (d) Living things cannot survive without oxygen Page-5

Elementary Science

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What are those called who have no life? (a) Living (b) Non-living (c) Plants (d) Animal Answer: (b) Non-living How many groups are divided into all the living beings of the environment? (a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five Answer: (a) Two Which one of the following is a vertebrate animal? (a) Cockroach (b) Fish (c) Fly (d) Prawn Answer: (b) Fish Which one of the following is a herb? (a) Paddy (b) Hibiscus (c) Lemon (d) Mango Answer: (a) Paddy Which one of the following is a shrub? (a) Black berry tree (b) Mango tree (c) Lemon tree (d) Jackfruit tree Answer: (c) Lemon tree Which one of the following is a invertebrate animal? (a) Duck (b) Man (c) Cockroach (d) Cow Answer: (c) Cockroach Which one of the following has no physical change? (a) Plants (b) Kitten (c) Table (d) Man Answer: (c) Table Which one of the following cannot move of its own? (a) Rickshaw (b) Hen (c) Fish (d) Sheep Answer: (a) Rickshaw How many groups are divided into all the animals of the environment? (a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five Answer: (a) Two Which one of the following is animal? (a) Grass (b) Mango tree (c) Cockroach (d) Motor car Answer: (c) Cockroach Where do bees, birds, ants and monkey live? (a) Tree (b) River (c) House (d) Sea Answer: (a) Tree Page-6

Elementary Science

Class: III

15) The bone which is made of many smaller bone is called ____? (a) Vertebrates (b) Hand (c) Leg (d) Bone Answer: (a) Vertebrates 16) All living and non-living things taking together is called our ____. (a) Society (b) Environment (c) Land (d) Living place Answer: (b) Environment 17) Which one of the following does not need oxygen? (a) Chair (b) Man (c) Bird (d) Fish Answer: (a) Chair 2. Fill in the blanks: a) Like human beings other animals also depend on plants in many ways. b) Cows eat grass as food. c) We take oxygen from the air. d) We all eat food to live. e) Our environment is made of all non-living and living beings. f) In order to live, human beings and other animals need air, water and food.

3. Short answer questions: a) What is called flowering plant?

Answer: Plants which bear flowers are called flowering plants. b)

What is called invertebrate animal?

Answer: Animals which do not have any bones in their bodies are called invertebrate animal.

c)

What is called flowerless plant?

Answer: Plants which do not bear any flowers are called flowerless plants.

d)

What do animals exhale in respiration?

Answer: Animals exhale carbon-di-oxide in respiration.

e)

How people depend on plants besides food and oxygen?

Answer: Besides food and oxygen, we depend on plants for shelter, clothes, furniture, paper, medicine etc.

f)

What do plants need to live?

Answer: Plants need air, water and sunlight to live.

4. Broad answer questions: a) How can you differentiate the living from the non-living?

Answer: We can differentiate the living from the non-living through their characteristics: Page-7

Class: III

Elementary Science

Living a) Living beings grow up and become bigger. b) Living beings are able to move. c) Living beings can breathe. d) Living beings can take food.

Non-living a) Non-living things do not grow up. b) Non-living things cannot move. c) Non-living things cannot breathe. d) Non-living things cannot take food.

Living b)

Non-living

Which animals are vertebrates? Why are they called vertebrates?

Answer: Vertebrates are of different types. Some one walk, some creep, some have hair on their bodies, some fly in the sky, some live in water. Cow, goat, duck, chicken, pigeon, lizard, frog, snake, monkey, fish are vertebrates. These animals have backbone. That is why they are called vertebrates.

Figure: Vertebrates c)

How do the animal and plant depend on each other?

Answer: Animals depend on plants for food. For examples, cows and goats eat grass. Birds eat different types of fruits. On the other hand, animals take oxygen and exhale carbon-di-oxide and plants take carbon-di-oxide and exhale oxygen.

Thus animal and plant depend on each other.

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Elementary Science

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Class: III

Write the similarities and dissimilarities between plants and animals.

Answer: A. Similarities: i. Man and tree both grow up. ii. They breathe. iii. They take food.

B. Dissimilarities: i. Man can move but tree cannot move from one place to another. ii. Plants can make food by its own. But man get food from animals and plants.

e)

Write three characteristics of herb. Like this write the name of four plants.

Answer: Three characteristics of herbs are given below: i. Steam is soft. ii. Steam size is small. iii. Roots do not go deep into the soil.

The name of four herbs are – grass, paddy plant, Chili plant, wheat plant.

f)

Write three characteristics of shrubs. Like this write the name of four plants.

Answer: Three characteristics of shrubs are given below: i. Steam is strong. ii. Branches are small and thin. iii. Roots do not go deep into the soil.

The name of four shrubs are: Rose plant, china rose plant, rangan plant, lemon plant etc.

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Elementary Science

Class: III

Chapter-Four Water for life 1. Write the correct answer: 1) Water from which source is safe to drink? (a) Tube well (b) Canal (c) River (d) Marshy land Answer: (a) Tube well 2) Water from which one is the underground water? (a) Sea (b) Canal (c) Well (d) Marshy land Answer: (c) Well 3) How do we make pond or river water safe for drinking? (a) Filtering (b) Keeping water for long times (c) Removing dirt (d) Boiling Answer: (d) Boiling 4) We get less water from which source? (a) Underground water (b) Sea water (c) River water (d) Flood water Answer: (a) Underground water 5) Which disease occurs due to drinking pond water without boiling? (a) Measles (b) Diarrhoea (c) Malaria (d) Cold fever Answer: (b) Diarrhoea 6) What portion of our body mass consists of water? (a) Half (b) Three-fourth (c) Two-third (d) One-fourth Answer: (c) Two-third 7) Which source of water is salty? (a) River (b) Spring (c) Well (d) Sea Answer: (d) Sea 8) What is happened when clothes of sick person are washed in pond? (a) Pond water is purified (b) Pond water is polluted (c) Pond water is safed (d) Pond water is suitable to drink Answer: (b) Pond water is polluted Page-10

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Which colour is used to mark the arsenic contains tube-well? (a) Red (b) White (c) Yellow (d) Green Answer: (a) Red Where is purified water supplied in the big cities? (a) House (b) Mills and factories (c) Bazar (d) Field Answer: (a) House Water helps in the _____ of our food. (a) Inhale (b) Exhale (c) Growth (d) Digestion Answer: (d) Digestion What is mixed with the water of red coloured tube well? (a) Carbonate (b) Iron (c) Clorin (d) Arsenic Answer: (a) Arsenic How many portion of earth is covered with water? (a) One-fourth (b) Two-fourth (c) Three-fourth (d) Full part Answer: (c) Three-fourth Without what man and animals cannot live? (a) Soil (b) Cloth (c) Water (d) Education Answer: (c) Water Which source of water may cause diseases? (a) Tubewell (b) Rain (c) Pond (d) Well Answer: (c) Pond What is mixed with the water of pond, pool, canal, haor and rivers? (a) Arsenic (b) Germs of diseases (c) Iron (d) Carbonate Answer: (b) Germs of diseases Which kind of water source is spring tube well and well? (a) Atmosphere (b) Up of the ground (c) Underground (d) Natural Answer: (c) Underground How water is wasted? (a) After use we should close the tap (b) Keeping the tap open unnecessarily (c) Lift tube-well water any need (d) We should not open the tap unnecessarily Answer: (b) Keeping the tap open unnecessarily Water from which source is purified and supplied in the big cities? (a) Pond (b) River (c) Sea (d) Canal Answer: (c) River Page-11

Elementary Science

Class: III

2. Fill in the blanks: a) Sea water is salty. b) We should drink pond water after boiling. c) In big cities river water is purified and supplied house to house. d) With the help of tube wells underground water is lifted. e) Plants utilize water for the preparations of their food.

3. Short answer questions: a) How pond water can be made safe for drinking?

Answer: The water of pond is mixed with dirt and germs of diseases. Drinking this water may cause diseases. But we can drink this water by removing dirt and by boiling. b)

From which sources the people of villagers drink water?

Answer: Villagers generally drink water from tube-well and well.

c)

Without which kind of water our survival will be difficult?

Answer: Without safe drinking water our survival will be difficult.

d)

Which kind of water is not safe to drink?

Answer: Water containing arsenic is not safe to drink.

e)

Quantity of which water is not much?

Answer: Quantity of usable water is not much.

f)

Which type of water is very short?

Answer: There are much shortage of safe drinking water.

g)

Write the name of two sources of water.

Answer: The name of two sources of water are: i. Sea ii. Tube-well

h)

What is the another name of water?

Answer: The another name of water is life.

4. Broad answer questions: a) What are the uses of water?

Answer: The other name of water is life. Without water man and other living being can not survive. We use water in various purposes. We use water for not only drinking purpose but also for taking bath, washing clothes, washing utensils, bathing cattle, irrigating fields etc.

Watering flower plant

Bathing in water

Washing utensils under tube well Washing dishes in the sink

Figure: Uses of water

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Elementary Science

Class: III

b)

From which source tap water is supplied in the city?

Answer: In the towns water is lifted through deep tube well with the help of motors and then it is supplied house to house. In the big cities, river water is purified and then supplied house to house. We get this water easily from the tap.

c)

How do the water gets polluted?

Answer: We will not throw off the dirts and sweepings in the pond or well. If we pass stool or urine on the bank of pond or near wells then water will be contaminated. The pond water gets polluted when cattle and goats are bathed in this water.

Pond water is also polluted when dirty things and clothes of sick persons are washed in it.

Figure: Water pollution

d)

What measures should be under taken to protect waste of water?

Answer: Measures that should be taken to protect waste of water are given below: i. We should not lift tube well water without any need. ii. We should not keep the tap open unnecessarily. iii. After use we should close the tap. iv. We should make awareness about preventing waste of water to the students of school. v. We should raise consciousness about protecting waste of water in our locality.

e)

Explain – “Another name of water is life.”

Answer: We drink water when we feel thirsty. Water helps in the digestion of our food. Again, water helps to expel the unutilized part of food from the body. Cows, goats, dogs, cats, birds also drink water. The plants also need water. We take bath, wash cloths, irrigate land with water. Man and animal cannot survive without water. For this water is called life.

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Elementary Science

Class: III

Chapter-Five Soil 1. Write the correct answer: 1) Which type of element is soil humus? (a) Organic element (b) Inorganic element (c) Chemical element (d) Mineral element Answer: (a) Organic element 2) In which type of soil, water melon and ground nut grow well? (a) Silt soil (b) Sandy soil (c) Loamy soil (d) Clay soil Answer: (b) Sandy soil 3) What is formed by mixing of rotten bodies of plants and animals with the soil? (a) Inorganic soil (b) Organic soil (c) Mineral element (d) Chemical element Answer: (b) Organic soil 4) There is a nice flower vase at your house. By which soil is made of this flower vase? (a) Sandy soil (b) Loamy soil (c) Clay soil (d) Silt soil Answer: (c) Clay soil 5) Which type of soil is made up of most of the area of Bangladesh? (a) Sandy soil (b) Loamy soil (c) Clay soil (d) Salty soil Answer: (b) Loamy soil 6) By mixing what with sandy soil the capacity of retention of water can be increased? (a) Humus (b) Clay (c) Stone (d) sand Answer: (a) Humus 7) Which type of soil is found in the desert, sea shore and sandy land in the river basin? (a) Clay soil (b) Loamy soil (c) Sandy soil (d) None of them Answer: (c) Sandy soil Page-14

Elementary Science

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In which type of soil, jackfruit and gozary trees grow well? (a) Salty soil (b) Sandy soil (c) Loamy soil (d) Clay soil Answer: (d) Clay soil Which one of the following does help to decompose the organic bodies in the soil? (a) Bacteria (b) Water (c) Air (d) Mineral salt Answer: (a) Bacteria Which type of soil contains greater portion of clay? (a) Loamy soil (b) Sandy soil (c) Clay soil (d) None of them Answer: (c) Clay soil Where do the trees, goats, cows, buffaloes etc. stand? (a) Water (b) Air (c) Soil (d) Fire Answer: (c) Soil How many types of soil are there according to the size of the particles? (a) Two (b) Three (c) Four (d) Five Answer: (b) Three Which soil contains more of humus? (a) Clay soil (b) Silt soil (c) Sandy soil (d) Loamy soil Answer: (d) Loamy soil Which soil dries quickly? (a) Sandy soil (b) Loamy soil (c) Clay soil (d) Silt soil Answer: (a) Sandy soil What is called the soft layer of the earth surface? (a) Soil (b) Humus (c) Sand (d) Water Answer: (a) Soil Which one grows in sandy soil? (a) Paddy (b) Pulse (c) Jute (d) Watermelon Answer: (d) Watermelon From where plants and animals get food? (a) Plants grown in water (b) Plants grown in soil (c) Plants grown in air (d) Plants grown in weeds Answer: (b) Plants grown in soil Page-15

Elementary Science

Class: III

18) How organic soil can be made? (a) By mixing rotten plants with soil (b) By mixing rotten body of animals with soil (c) By mixing rotten plants and animals with soil (d) By mixing sand, clay and plants with soil Answer: (c) By mixing rotten plants and animals with soil 2. Fill in the blanks: a) Earth surface is one-fourth land and the rest three fourth is covered with water. b) The soil that silts the river and canal is called silt. c) Soils are classified into three types, sandy soil, loamy soil and clay soil. d) The hard and bright particles of soil are sand particles. e) Clay soil has the highest water retention capacity. f) Most of the land masses of the earth surface is covered with a soft layer. g) One type of micro-organism which lives in the soil is called bacteria. h) Sufficient air cannot entire into the clay soil. i) Loamy soil is very much fertile.

3. Short answer questions: a) What matter covers the earth surface?

Answer: One-fourth of the earth surface is land. The rest three-fourth of the earth surface is covered with water. b)

What is the use of clay soil other than crop production?

Answer: The use of clay soil other than crop production is good for making cooking pots, jars, flower vase, cup, pitcher etc.

c)

Which crops grow well in sandy soil near to water?

Answer: Watermelon, ground-nut, small size melon, khirai, cucumber etc. grow well in sandy soil near to water.

d)

How organic soil is formed?

Answer: Organic soil is formed by mixing of rotten bodies of plants and animals with the soil.

e)

In which type of soil, paddy and legume grow well?

Answer: Paddy and legume grow well in clay soil.

4. Broad answer questions: a) Write down three reasons of not growing good crops in the sandy soil. Write down the name of four crops grown in this soil.

Answer: The three reasons of not growing good crops in the sandy soil are: i. The greater part of this soil is sand. ii. This soil can absorb water but cannot retain it. iii. This soil dries quickly.

The name of four crops which grown well in sandy soil are: i. Ground-nut ii. Small size melon iii. Khirai iv. Cucumber Page-16

Elementary Science

Class: III

b)

What is soil? Describe the elements of soil.

Answer: Soil is mixture of some organic and inorganic matters. These are: i.

Inorganic matters-sand particles and clay particles ii. Organic matters iii. Water iv. Air v. Mineral salt vi. Bacteria

c)

What are the characteristics of loamy soil?

Answer: The characteristics of loamy soil are given below: i. The loamy soil contains equal quantity of sand and clay. ii. Its water retention capacity is moderate. iii. This soil contains more of humus. iv. This soil is very much fertile. v. This soil contains adequate amount of air.

d)

What are the characteristics of clay soil?

Answer: The characteristics of clay soil are given below: i. This soil contains greater portion of clay. ii. Its particles are fine. iii. It has the highest water retention capacity. iv. Sufficient air cannot entire into the clay soil. v. This soil becomes very soft during the rainy season and becomes too hard during dry season.

e)

Describe the classification of soil.

Answer: According to the size of the particles soil is classified into three types.

They arei. Sandy soil ii. Loamy soil iii. Clay soil Sandy soil: The greater part of this soil is sand. Adequate air exists in the void between sand particles. This soil can absorb water but can not retain it.

Loamy soil: The loamy soil contains equal quantity of sand and clay. Its water retention capacity is moderate.

Clay soil: This soil contains greater portion of clay and its particles are fine. As a result it has the highest water retention capacity.

f)

Write down the name of crops grow in different types of soil.

Answer: The name of crops grow in different types of soil are given below: Sandy soil: Water melon, groundnut, small size melon, khirai, cucumber etc. grow well in sandy soil.

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Elementary Science

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Figure: Crops produced in sandy soil

Loamy soil: Paddy, wheat, maize, barley, jute, sugarcane etc. grow well in this soil.

Figure: Crops produced in loamy soil

Clay soil: Paddy and legume grow well in this soil.

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