University of Cambridge ____________________________________
! "
#
$% & ' "( )*++ , &%%- --. /,, 0 ) 1 2 3 3 34 555 32 3 3 3 4
& " '% () ,-
**+ **+
!
!" # $! " !" "% # $! " !" "% & $ " # $! " !" "% ". # $! " !" "%
/ !
0
3%
0 12
"4
0
)
0
. 0
%!
% 02 % ,
0 %(
:
% " 6 0
!
3%
(
" +
2
:
( 3%
2
8%
.(
"/
!
(8 90 % . (
%0 %
(
"6
7
%
0
!
% : :
. (
$ % %
%
!
- 68
%
5
% (
!
12
0(
02
0 %
02
. 00
%!
%!
0
% 0
6 7
. 5
%
%!
, !
!
" ;
12
1 % %
<
0-
+ + !
8 2
% .
! !.
' %
0
=
%
0 ! %
2 !
"
%
* !. + %
0 !
!
") " 7 ";" < > ( 0* ? 7 ! @+ % ! ! %0 % (
" " 7 ";" B " !
% !. ?7A" % ( !"
7 0 0 * !. %
! %
0 % 0 %
'% 0 +/8 % ( 0%0!
'% + % 0 ! > B +/ + % 8* 0 * ! 0 ! ! %0 % 0 ! % ("
( 0
!
" 12
>CB " 6
!
%!
(
. D" . !
!!
.(7 !
%
)
% !
8
0
"/ 0
!
!
. 0 (8
!
$% 2
0
%
0
(
!
0%
!
" %00
( 0. .
0
%
.
"E
0
!!
02 !
0
0
"
!
!
" .
(
0
($ % % .
.
!
0 !
00
8 !
3%
%
( 02
"6
&
,!
.
. (
% %
A
5
. .%
6 0
#
!
. ( !
2
!
!
%
! %0 %
!
@
3%
.
.( (
3%
%. % 0
9
%!
+
! 0 12
!
.
@) +*A0
"+
% (
2
(8 0
% (*
5/
. (
!
" 2
+
8
!
!
. ( 8
(
0 8
8
.
0! !
96 02
2
%
12
. 0 2
2
<
(
,
3%
!
0
!.( % "
! %0 %
!
%
( 00
% ! ! (
"
&
8
(
( 0 (
0
!
" /
.( %
%
>
% ( & B & " ;% !
0 .
% @&&FA" /
12 =
%
2
3
2 ( / %!
0
% ( !% % 6
(
0 "
<
!
%
% (0
! 0
0
(0 (
.
((
(& 0
"4
0
!
0 !
0 G !
00 !
8 "
.%
!
3%
0! !
0% ! 0
0
%
00
%
0
(
( 0
%
0
0
@6 !
!%
.
%
% A
A%
% (
1 2
2
!
0
&
@
&
@& I 0 (
8
I 0
.
- /
0
(
(
%
8G 0! (
8 91 &
4 @& I
"+ 2
!
0
*
-
!
0
.(
4
0 ! @- *A %
( &
"
%
0
(. "
"
0 >)
! $ ( 0*
% !
% !
8
@-< *A" / !
%
.%
-
0 8
.% 0!
&
! 0
00
6
0
A:0 %
!
( <(
(
/
" 4 ! &
%!.
%(
6
G - /
00
%
0
"
0
! %0 %
%(
)
%!.
-
( 0
4
0
"
0
% !
!
&& A .% .(
0
!% (
!
,!
%
!
, ( 0!
.
>) 0
! (
!
(
'
% (" +
.( &&
(.
.(
%
0
(
(
"/
0 !
.
(
% %
. ( (
%
(
2
@0 %
% 3% (
0
( %
0
. 0
( ! %
(
/
!
00 0
!
";
H
/
! !
0 !
%
* (
!
A" /
.
"/
%% ( !
. (
"+ %
%
,
!
0
%
.
%
! (
00
! ( (
, .
,
0
/%
2
0
!
.
!
.()
2
!
!
0
& " % ! .
6
! /
<
- !
!" +
(
0 !
&
)
%
*
1
" / !
"+
!
2
(!
+
!.
0 !
.
%
%
%! L
2
%
0
2
%. !
0- *
%
(
!
4 0
.( %
%
(.
!
%% % (
!
%
" * !!
"/
&
%
!
!
7 @2
&
H
H !
"+
&
2
.
%
% !
0
<(
(" )
5
! %!
%! %! ?B
! 0
0% 0% ( A
0 ! -% " 2
0 2 &
*
"
% 0%
-
%!.
"/
&
F (
3% 0
(
- *
!
(
0<
!
%. 3%
"+
!
4
&
0 !
%
.%
(
0
6
.(
(.
& &
8 "
! %0 %
(! % "/
:
)
0
!
B
( %
E
.( &F
-
"
G 2
"/
($ !
0 !
%
%
.(
. $
00
(K
"+
%
!
! % ( 0%
%
)
. "/
<
.%
.
0 ! ((
(% 0
&F "
%
(0
.
0
2
%
&
&
0
&F 0
0% %
(
0 )
;
%!
.
@- *A
! <
.(
% (% .
4
<
8
B
(.
* !
!
%
.
%
( 1
%
(.
G 2
% ! . % %
%
"+
(< "
%
%
0
(E
* !
(.
(
%
*(
/ %!
& "/
* " 0*
2
"2
%
.
(J )%
!
- (
!
.
(
&
.% ! ( 00
H
0 ! %0 %
(
* ! !!
% 0
(
0 %. %
(
0 <
2
%
!
(" 0
0 !
+
&
%
' % 6 02
!.
( & !
.
0 ! < *
!
0 !
( $(
&
-
%
A
-
<(
<(
*
0
!
%!
A ("
@-
8 <.%
2
(
0 ! -
! !
.%
@
<
0 !
@-< *A" /
2
%
- *!
!
!
%
%
00
" *
%
.%
%
%
%
0
" 6 <(
0
@-<A" +
D
% " !
($
!
(
!
0
/ %!
0
:-
0 & F -
2 (
"+
2
-
0
&&F -
A
.% ( % 2 .%
!
"+ !
2
, %
%
%
2
0
" / B %
! H
A
&
%
2
.(
1 %8 " / 2
%
F
2
0 !" !
& "+
0 % !
%
% 0
:2
0%
!
H
.(
2 0
- 6" )
! 8
0
00
! / (
,(
%
0 % 00 %%
0 ! "E
(
(. 0
!
.%
!
G 2
2
! ; (. @-
); @ <
!
1
.
9
&
K* &
<(
/ %!
. .
0
B
.
B.
& &
0"
2
.
!
2
8.
! B %
L
2
>C
!
. %
I
-
(0
" +
2
&
+
!
!
!"
.
!
& &
!
+
$
' .
!
. %
!
%
&
!
E
.
2
-< *
I
2 - 6
(
6
%
% 2
. .%
%
00
0 -
!
2
2
- 6 0 D
%
!
),( %
0
(
%00 F !
%
%
0
'
/
" )%. 3%
(
0 D 2
!
12 2
. !
2J; 0
(
.( , 00
!
(
F&B(
<
2
<
* @
01 (
"
0
( <
% *
2 (
"
DF !
. +
%
"+
%
F
.(
!
!
!
M
@ !
0% .( 0 . (
00
<
*
0 %
) +* 0 D !"
7
(
%
!
.( !
0
B!
A
F
2
A
!
!.
0
%
2
-
1 (
,0 "
$ "+
% %
+
! 0
!
!
0
CB
,. % 0
% "+
0
0D !
!
0 D
2
(.
3%
% !
"7
8
0DF ! .(- 6
4
%
*
)
1B. 0
!
.
0
!
0%
2 !(
.% . %
"- 6
0 D F!
%
.% .(0 !
%
12
/
0
(0 %
! !
4 !
)?
! B
.( - 6 "
(
%
. ( %
"
0 "
,1 % !
. 0
0 !
7
!
! - 6
!
2J;
2
0 % !
( 0
7
% .
.%
(
"
)
%
$ @
B (0 %
<
0
!( 7
!
2
(
2
0 % 0
0
.(
"
0 %
%00
" - 6
%
%.
!( *E
2
A- 6 .
% B. .%(
!
0
!
F " I" /
!
*
!
.
D. $
" (" + 0
% 0
-(
%
(!
%
( 0 !
0 ! <
%
0 "
.
0D
0 0
0
%
%
<
) +*
-
1
!
(0
.
!
% ! ! .(
% .
% !
00
"
%
<
.
"
%(
" 6 (5
' /
3% !
0
%!
!
%
@/ (
. 4 ,
%
A
%
B
.
?
7
%!.
!!
; !
0% ( !
%
%!
!
!
.( !
A
!
00 %! = 6
0
!
%
!.(
.( - 6 A
!
( 0
"A
%
!
!
0 2
52
0
! !%!
! %
%
%
.
@
A
!.(
@0
% ("
"
%!
<
.
2
0 2 0
!.(
8
*
! 2
0
B
!.(
0<
,;" +0 % %
N. 0
% ( ,
!.(
4
!.(
! !
0
!
(<
8 % %
! %0 %
,*
%
!
0
2
%
!
0
0 %
%B
!% . .
@% ! !%!
)
%
% ( % @
%
"
2
"
!
90
3%
(
A
. ( 0 !
%
. "7
!
)
B* (
3%
%
0
%
,-
!" +
0
0
" % % 0
BC
(
!
(
B % 1 % @? 1A 1
! %0 %
*
!
%
(
2
0 !
(% !
!
0
,
@" " 7)
(
(
L %!
! !%! .
( % !(
% %
0%
% %
%
. "2
8
F=
%!
% %
( 4 %
"
Rover Group / MG Rover, Mini and Land Rover Production 1984-2004 (in units) 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Rover Group (up to 2000)
MG Rover (post-2000 configuration)
Mini
Land Rover
(
! %)*
+
2 3 ! +
,
4 2
3
5
2
&
!-./0#11/
+ 3
3 + &
6#1110#11/
$ + 5 + &
&
+ &
12
5
& F
?6 1 %
&F
4
& & F
(% 0 !!
.(
! %0 %
.% G 0 !8 " 6
0
L 0 !
(
%
! 9
!
! !
! %
=
( 00
0 . ((
(
! $( /.
0 !" /
!
0 %!.
0 ! 02
4
!
0
2 B
F
0%
!
0%
!
" %!
%
04
$ %
%
,
0 !6 +
&
!
% I
0
. 0 2
%!!
% >
0
(
( !
2 3 # +
8
%
0 ! =
B % " 6
00
B % "
0 ! " ;% %
0 %
0 !
%( 0
,
. ( (
0
?
/.
?
0 !
00
!
!
!
0%
"
*%)
*%)*
7
" @&&FA"
9111
3 4 5
&
F &"
&
"F
&
F "
&
& "
&
"
&
"
&
"
&&
"
&&
"F
& &&
F
& F
F & H
"& F
/.
"
%
%
& .
02
8
. % - 6 % 0
02 %
%
0 .% !
0 0 %
10
%! !
.
% 0 ! . ! & "/
%.$
% "
/
+
(
7
!
0
!
0
(8
0
0 ! !
(" / . %
0
,
0<
!
0
2
%
%
.
( &
"
%
% 2
5
!
4
(
%
.
( &
!
<
0 %
&
6
&&F
% @ &&
P@/
,
! 0 ! ! (
%
!
!
( !
0 %
"/
%
0
B
9
( 0! ! G 0 80
" + A
& A"
8
;
%
" %
0 %
.(< ( (
- * (
,
@&& A
)
0
@&&FA
(F I"
A" /
%
%
!
0 !
!
0
((
0
, !
%
.%
(
O+ %
!
0% B
" 6
0
+ )
"/ !
% 5
( 0
, %
!
(
&F
!
3% P@6
%
!
(0
0 %
O4
!
(
% .( . (
!
!
(
"
(
.
! - 60
2
% B
!
0
!
- *8
"
0
56 (
E
!
0 0
.(-<H2
!
!
0 !
0
!%
0
2
!
(!
% (
0 !
4
!%
3%
( %!
,
2
'
-
%
0 !
0
0%
% .%
, (0
" / B - *
( . ! .
%
! 0
!
!0 - * % ,
" 11
.
(
%
. !
&
"6 % 00
( 0
%
%
%!.
0! $
%!
"+
!
@" " G
B
8
!. !
%
B2
%
( %.3% % 0
%
" /
!
(8
% 00
A0
0
H
. ! 0
.
%
!
"
!!
0
9 O<
<
8 0! % 3% "P ( % .%
! , %
. %
. E7 %
4 4
6 %
- *
0%
&
% 0D
!
-
"
@6
!
!
!
* !
" &&FA"-% !
(
- *
<(
(F ( .
!
! 0%
("
%
. (
(
( (
% .
!.
(
%
0
0 !
%! 0
( B
" O-(
!
/
& - * % ( ! 0%% P@6 ! " &&F
%!.
6
0
0
! ( % !
!
3%
(
!
(
0 %
!
,
%"
! %
- *H-< * %!.
.% 0
.%
F A
!
!
. - *
% ! E
!
(
.
3% !
Q- *R!
( ( .% "P
0%
(
! % B.
(8 .
! (
DF& .% D
0
(
( %
0 " /
!
!
(
8
% (!
6
O 0( % .% .
" .
! !
(?
B %
12
! ( !
!
0 %
!
.%
( 00 .
% "
,B-
%
<(
(&
OE
0 % "E ! (
! %
, %
%9 ( 0 .
! (0 . % ! S/ % S * ( % . S/ S" S/ S ! ( 0 . ! " ( ( K " / ( . .( K! .% ( ( % ! ( ( " / ! 2 / %! ' % T / %! % ! (2 ! ! 0 % 0 " + % ! " ( ( 00 % % 0 ( . . ! ( % % !" / 0. ! ( 00 % " / . ! ( 3% 0% 3% %. " + ! !. $ 2 / %! / %! ! (2 " / 0 ( . . $." 2 % ( ! " M% , (P"
!
<
.%
( !
L
/%
% %
!
%
%
!
% (" 6
%
%
%
0
L
( (
-< *
(
"/
!
B
%
0
!
! .
0% (
(
0
0
0
! (
0
%! !
%
" / %!
/ %! "/
13
%
! !
%
.
!
(
!
!
%
(
%
0
!
% !
(
. !0
(" %
"/
/ %! %
!
%8
! "/
. %
%
G $
0
0
0%
!
!
! (
!
!
L .(
(!
%
!
0
= . (
!
.
"
(
( 3%
! .
! (
!
0 !
% !
0 &
( ( !
,
!
)
)
B ( 2
.%
.
/ %! %
0
!
0
0 !
( &
!
!
%
(
. (
! . !
% 0
.
";
!
0
%
0
. (
! "+
!
"2
(
&
(
.( !
%
% B
!
!
A.%
(8
.
%
.( L
%
0
.% @6
!
( (
"
0
.
0
!
%
E%
.
&&FA" ;
$
0
!
!
" -(
! % 0
!
!
2
.% "
( !
!
! ! !
& &
"+
!
0 !
-
*
!
!
%
!
3%
.(4
& &" +
B2
A
%
%.
0
!
0
(1
! .%
0 !
*
0% %
B
A.%
" !
!
( / %!
2
+
& F
( .
0 3%
0
HF
.
. (
0"
2
/
!
% (
" 0
%
"/
( !
0 %
@-<H2
( E%
(
! $ %
1
.(
% 0
!
$
L
%
*
@ !
.
(%
,!
(
L (
(.
"4
4
0 !
!
?
"
/ !
!
% ( .%
&
14
"' % 0
!
(@
! I
(
.%( 0
"
( &
&
%
! 0
(
/
%
.% '
02
8 0.
0
! %0 %
!
! E%
2
"/ .%
2 0
!
!
0% %
0%
2
8
2
2
%
F " I" (
!
00 %
!
" .(
!
! %
HF
.%
. (
0
3%
@
%
0
0
0 ( , %
.
!
!
8
2
(
7
.( 2
8
!
0
%
0
! 0%% "
!
. ( 0 . .% U A ! L 0 G 2 8 A
!
0
0
HF 0
.
A
00
" 6
0 ! "2
2
0%
% %. (3% ! % (T " ) 0G 2 8 8 P" @ % 2 6 .2 %
!
%! !
( .(
%0 %
.(
%
0
!
- 6
B
2
. .% !
"
6
5+
.
0 - 6 .
(
2
;
(
0 ! <
- 6 8 *E
.%2
(@
(" - 6
&& " /
7
!
2
0
2
,
%
!
! %
( 00 0 -
!
0
0 %
"
(
O> 0 %
.( -
%
- 6
!
%
")
(
M% %.
8
! .(-
% % 0
(
- 6"
%!
" +
&&F .
%
(
!
8
,;
.%
!
G 2
80 %
!
% ,
2
2
! !
0 !
8(
%
% . 0
(! (
!
!
2
! !
%!
%
!
15
8
%
!
3% !"
%
% ! 0
2
.
!
= 0 !%
( % %.
0 !
( %.
% 2
.%
. !
%
8
2
!
0
%
2 00
0 "
% !
(9
!
(
0 (
(
(!
!
( 00
"
!
(
!
)% !
7?
A"
8
%
0
(% ( %
0 0 3%
0
2
.
B.%(
0 " 7 0 .
0% (
(9%
)>? @/ .
%
!
0
0
@
% ! 0
%
,E 0
!
"-
(
!! A
F
(
0
.
!
0 2 3 ' :
.%
*
*
.
*
3 ,
0 0 !
"
;7
!--<
!--.
!---
#111
#11!
"
"
"
"
"&
"
"
"
"
"
&"
"
-
)% !
*
<
!
%!
"F
"F
"
;
>
!
%!
"
F"F
"
E
E, %
"
"
"
F"
4
<%,% (
"
"
"
"
"F
1
)
"&
" F
"
"
"
"
F" &
F"
F"F
F"&
"
"
"
" @)
"
;% +
%
7? ) % 9) /
H %
0 !" 7 !.
( 0!
%0 %
.
*
& &
-
0
HF 0
"F
/
0
! 0
H 12
16
F"
/A
0 ! 2
2
"
!
!
(
*
(" 4 % 0 ! &&
F"
UK Registrations of MG Rover Models, and MG Rover Market Share
MGF
300,000
TOURER
13.62%
Units per annum
250,000
OTHER
12.61%
MONTEGO
11.59%
9.79%
200,000
MINI METRO
7.14% 150,000
MAESTRO
5.02%
100,000
CITYROVER
3.97%
800 SERIES
2.99%
75 600 SERIES
50,000
400/45 200/25
0 1990
100 SERIES
1992
(
/ 7
0
&&
"
F" I
12
8>C !
! 0 A
<
.( 2
! , 4A
0 0 !
2
2
4
2
0
"
% %
.
0
!
%
!
@0
(
&&F @
2
(
- 68
%
,
)%
%
!
!
"7
F
7 %
" >
!.
(
=
0
- 6
(.
0
.(
(
(
,1 % " -(
!
@)>?A
*
7
2
"FI
0 (
I" /
0%
2004
1 !
8!
0
2002
% <
) !
2000
"+
8 "- 6
.% 2
1998
&
(
"&I
G E
1996
# :
!
&&
1994
%
!
( !
%
" 2
%
&&F
!
%
!
0 !
!
%
. " &&
% @
" /
!
HF
B (
HF
0 17
0 !
%
0 %
0 ! 2
A
- 68 , " / % 2 (
.(- 6
%
0 !
%!
%
0 ! !
! %
(
% !
0
% " 4%
!
2
00
!
B% 0
"+
/
.%
! $
+
"/
!
! !
0
=
! (
& 0
8
( .% 0
!
(8
% !
3% ! ! $
0
)
%
<
.
0
0
(
%
"/
)
00 0
! 0
"
&&FA"
" /
;
!
0 0
0 (
B!
(
(
2.
(! %
"-
&
& &
%
(
!
(8
. ! . (
!A
.%
% 3% (" 6 D
(!% ! . ( 0
!
@%
%
0 %
%
!
&
3% !
%
A"
, B
(
!
.
(
(
& F @6
%
!.
0
*
0 %
(@--*
%
2
"2 .
!
L " )
F
!
0
!
<
0 .
)
.
;%
(
(
!
0% 0
0 !
3% ( (
0
%.. .( %
K
!
&
!
<
0!
!
%!
2.
!!
.(0
.( !
2 .. S
! *
7
!
!
.
!.(
0 !
! !
2(
(
(
! $
0
,% %
/
!
%
0
%
%!
& %
E
&
!!
%
.
( 0
! B
8
! $
D L
! -
(
( %
2
( !.
.
0
S2
!
. !"
0
& "4
0%
"
02
0! ( 0
%
!
!
% 0!
! ( !! %
+
53
4 &
2
M
! (
"+
>C
1 )?"
! 00
( 3%
!
! 18
(
( !
.
& & . !
& "/
!
= %
(!
( 0
"
! !
%
2 3 / + $
!
&,
%
; + /)> V; ; / W / C+ 72 / )E / 1B2 ?E2 +)) * 2W)<E2 )>- 2> +/)>-+) + E2*E;E) )>V>C+ - 6B ? <C)6 1E W> ; + 'EE7 ? <? ? >X << 7E>1E / ) ' 1> 2 )C ; *+/2 E 4 2; <4 2 E 4+ / ; E6 < ; 2 ?E2 2E ></ ) % 96 7
F
F F
F F
%
!
! 0
!
!
8 3% ( %. >
!
B
"
( ;%
-8 >
&) & !--?0#11' 8 !0I I I I I I &I &I &I I I I I I I FI FI I I I I I I I I I &I &I &I I I
L
%
%
&& B
%
. ( ! ( ,
02
! %0 %
<
!
!
(8 0 % 0 ! 19
.
.(
( !
&
% "
%( 0
.% %
%
(
F E%
.
!
0
.% . %
B
B
% ( %!.
0%
%2
&
0 02
% 7%
BF
= 1
@6
2 3 =
&
? 2
*
!--?0#11' +
&
& &
F
&
F
&
F
&
+)>V> )>- 2> - 6B / W / ' 1> 2 E2*E;E) >;+ )C ; V; ; +)) ) ? <C)6 1E +/)>-+) + 72 / ? <? )E / * 2W)<E2 ; + /)> <4 2 E W> ; + C+ ; E6 )>V>C+ 7E>1E / 'EE7 2E ></ < ; 2 ?E2 4 2; ? >X << *+/2 E 4+ / 1B2 ?E2 ) % 96 7
@-?0@1' " " &" &" &" " " " " F"& "& " &"& " " "& " " F" F" " " " &"& &" " " " " " " F "& F "&
L
20
%
%
A"
6
3% ( / .
5
6
0
!.
3% (
0 %
(
0
.
.%
. !
(2 (
0
.(
(
!
!
"+
0
! (
.
%
%
"
0
. 2
$
!
. !"/ !
FA"
0% !
8
0
!
%
% 0 2 % 0
04+ /
!
0
!
0
0
0 %
% (
0 ( @-
4+ /" < !!
!
%
%
! %0 % "
0(
!!
0
.
!
(0
0
0 0"
(
%
. (
(
$ .
! (
0 !
. (" / . F
. 2
!
F
!%
! %0 %
2
B I 0
%
0
!
%" + !
!.
0%
(
%
%
(
. !
%
% L
0
&
! "/
8
.
!% B
%
%00
!
(8
0
. ! !
"2
.
. ! (
&
0
.
"
B ! ,
% . (
% !
%
0
0
.( !
(
?
! %0 %
%
!
(&
3% (" 2 %
!
% 0
!
. (0 %
(
. !
B
0
% !
%
0 .
%
!
G L(
!
% "W
&
% 0 %
(
(
.%
(:
% "
( 6
. % .
12 3%
5 0
5 !
21
!
! !
5
0 % 5 % (5
+
( (0
!
2
. %
0 % 0
(
0
!
!
2
) +*" 6 2
(
!
. .(0
" 4 !
%
(
!
(
.0 %
0-
8
(
(
%
02 ! (
2
.
2
%
( %
.( %
2
0% ! ! %! 0<
!
(
$ 0%
%
3% - 68
%"
22
F
0E% %
D" .
(- 6
'
(
%.
8! "> %
- 6
0 . (- 6
!
- 6
0
!
0 ! D F&!
. 2
F HF
(
!
( %
0
0 00
0%
.(
"
(
! 2
- 6
0
%
" 6
"
!
H
%
0 !
.
8
0% 0%
" -% 0
! A- 6
&&&
%
!
%
!
!
0% . !
0
"/ (
2
,
@- 6 A"
. (
0 2 %
@"0" -
! $
. %
! !
(
.
. %
8 ! %0 %
! % .
@
&& A
0!
%
B
A0
0 !
%
0
. (
(
%
( @"0"
0 %
-
$
(
(
@
%
( ( 0
!
0
"/
(
%
%!"
0 (
&& A"/
.
- 6 .%
0 8
.
" &&F:/
,
3%
% !
"
7
. !
& :6
!
&&
!
<(
*
(
" + %
!
2
3% (
.
2
!
%
00
8!
0
%!
%
&& %
!
.
!
.
+
6
. !
2
(
!
8
! (
! D
!.
0 .
! %
(
) .( .%
2
*
0
0 !
0
&
0 !
( % !
%!
%
(
0 2
%
7
,. %
. %
2
@ % .
%
%
&&
; ! B* (
(
% ("
3%
.%( 2
.
,
!
! (
0%
0 "
!
( ( 0
.
( "/
!
"+
0
) +* !
.
.
. 0
%
!
! A
%! ! %0 % !
"
! (
0
*
B
(. %
"
F
,1"
>C
*
! %0 %
*
.( -
(
% $
*
(@
) +* CB
! %0 %
3% !
@0
<
.
( %
(
(
.
D !A
%
%
*
(
.(
!
%!.
.
8
B
!
! %0 %
2
% (
0
! %0 %
!
(
%
0
. (0 2
*
0 %
(
*
%
.%
B0 .
(
%
!
%.
B
% A $
7
%
. " -(
0
$ "
%
L
%
%
!! .
12
2
(
. 0% " +
2
0
!
0
%
.
% ( ,
%
(
0 (
%. 3%
6
!
0%
"+
%
@ %
0
0
D !A D.
F"
6
0
.%
12 *
DF !
A
@+72 . %
0- 6 %
G .
. %
.(4
8 %!
.%
.(
0
1 2
%!
.
"6 2
* %
%
(
!
, 23
! 3% "
) -
.% 0
(
!
(
6 % % !
!(
.
8
%
.
% <
"
/
4
2
7
,
2
( 2 .
! 0%
80 %
4
A" 7
!
& .% 00
.%
0
(
.
%
%
.
(=
( (= 0 !
.! !
.
.
0
-
(@ -
0
0
8 F I 00
.
2
8
!
!
.
0
0
% "E
- 6 0 0
%
. ( %
!
"/
0
%
0 ! $
.
! %
! %0 %
!
%
!
%
(
%
$
B &&F"
-% 0
.(
.
.(0 3%
2 % 2
%
! ( 0
.
?
( @-
. "
(0
(" /
%
(0 !
%! ! (
. !
!
,
0
.% %
.% 0
(
% 0 ! & F
A
7 $.
.
%
0
+
<
0
">
- 6 %
"/ % (
%
0 0
0
"/
<(
%
!
!% !!
(
!
2
(0
%
@' % <
0
, %
%
!
A
!
(
2
! B
.
!
!
7
2
F
%
(
%
0
%
!
% 0
A
!(
L
1 .
.(
A
@
!
!
%
.
%
.
%
.
@2 (
(!
-
"
<
0
(
!(. !
&
5
%
. "/
!
.
00 " ) (
0
= !
(
%
B
!
(
0
! $ 0
!
0
F (
= ! (
!
& (
=
! %
"
24
=
(
. 2
%3
5
%
2
-
.
@
A
' (@ AG E! (! 1 % 86 -%
9 HH
" %
B
) % ( ) 6
" "% "
0 !
0
B% F "
0
2
Bates, H, Holweg, M., Lewis, M., and Oliver, N. (2004) ‘Motor Vehicle Recalls: Trends, Patterns and Emerging Issues’. Cambridge: Centre for Business Research. --*
@
*
<" @
*
A
A"K
( 9E,
( " @ FA"K "
9 HH *
(
".. " "% H H H% Y (
*
%
7 !.
"@
A"
(B
" "K
(
@'%
% (92 /
2
&" !
8 5 @' % ( FA"
"K % !
7 4" C" @ FA"/ ) * % -% B B " * !.
*
H& FA"
*% ! "
+/ 7
? %
(" <
" 7
"
6
-
2" @&& A"
2 ( ;" 1" @& A" /
2
/
.
AG +
#" <
0
!2
)
&F B ! 0* '" * %L 4" 1 %
'" @&&FA 6
6
2"
< *
! C" 7 7"
( 0)
0-
*E;
-
1" @& A > (7
4 "
"
#" <
)"
(7
"
! *" @& A $ 4 5 # > # - 7%.
! *" ' 2+ -
0 /
" %(
9
"
E !(9/" ,0 >
7" @& A
6 " * !.
-%
"7
! C" 6 ! '" = $
6 !
,0 9-
7 B
9#
1" @& A":;
6
6
@ "
" @&& A") ! " B && " *
?
6
#)
/ 4 % (8
+
>
"
"
6 "
! '" @&&FA"
97
" )
#
" 3
# ?
#
:
" $:
"
Womack, J.P., Jones D.T. and Roos, D. (1990) The Machine that Changed the World: The Triumph of Lean Production. New York: Rawson Macmillan. World Markets Research Centre (2002). WMRC European Automotive Productivity Index 2003. www.wmrc.com.
$ 6
%
2 .
%
> 0
( 0* !. "
25
0
%.
$55
A$ 2
Daimler DaimlerMotor Motor Syndicate/ Syndicate/ Company Company (est. (est. 1893/96) 1893/96) Austin AustinMotor Motor Company Company (est. (est. 1905) 1905) Morris Morris Motors Motors Company Company (Nuffield (Nuffield Organisation) Organisation) (est. (est. 1913) 1913) Brands: Brands: •• Wolseley Wolseley •• MG MG (Morris (Morris Garages) Garages) •• Riley Riley Triumph Triumph Motor Motor Company Company (est. (est. 1885, 1885, first first car carin in1921) 1921) Rover Rover (est. (est. 1877, 1877, first first car carin in1904) 1904)
>
1910
Birmingham Birmingham Small Small Arms Arms Co. Co. (est. (est. 1861) 1861)
Jaguar Jaguar (Swallow (Swallow Sidecar Sidecar Company Companyprior priorto to WWII; WWII; est. est. 1922) 1922) 1952: 1952: British BritishMotor Motor Company Company (BMC) (BMC)formed formed
1877: 1877: Standard Standard Motor MotorCompany Company (est. (est. 1877) 1877)
1979 1979–1994: –1994: Collaboration Collaboration with with Honda; Honda; Honda Honda takes takes 20% 20% of of Rover Roverequity, equity, five fivejoint joint models models are aredeveloped. developed.
1959: Mini is introduced by BMC
Leyland LeylandMotor Motor Company Company (est. (est. 1896) 1896)
1945 1966/67
1968: 1968: British British Leyland Leyland Motor Motor Company Company (BLMC) (BLMC) formed formed
1975: 1975: Ryder RyderReport, Report, BLMC BLMC nationalised nationalised and and renamed renamed to to BL BLLtd. Ltd.
1982: 1982: BL BL renamed renamed Austin Austin Rover Rover Group Group
1978: Land Rover becomes own subsidiary
1948: Land Rover is introduced
1965 Alvis Alvis (est. (est. 1919) 1919)
5
1960: Daimler part of BSA sold to Jaguar
1966: 1966: British BritishMotor Motor Holdings Holdings formed formed
1960
&
1981: 1981: Alvis Alvis sold sold to to United UnitedScientific Scientific Holdings Holdings
1986: 1986: Austin AustinRover Rover Group Group renamed renamed Rover RoverGroup Group and and sold sold to to British British Aerospace Aerospace(BAe) (BAe)
Longbridge Longbridge operations operations sold sold to to Phoenix; Phoenix; renamed renamed MG MG Rover Rover Group. Group. Ceases Ceases operations operations in in2005. 2005. 1994: 1994: BMW BMW buys buys Rover RoverGroup, Group, collaboration collaboration with with Honda Honda ends ends
2000: 2000: BMW BMW sells sells individual individual parts parts of of Rover Rover Group Group
1986-87: 1986-87: Leyland Leyland and and Unipart Unipart are are sold soldoff off 1984: 1984: Jaguar Jaguarfloated floatedoff off and andbought bought by byFord Ford in in 1989 1989
Mini Minibrand brand and andCowley Cowley plant plant retained retained by by BMW BMW
Land Land Rover Rover and andits its Solihulll Solihulll plant plant && Gaydon Gaydon R&D R&Dfacility facility sold sold to toFord Ford
$55
A%
3
+
6%
&
F
&
F
/( ? B % 1 % 1 2 %B 4 7) @7 % B* A (% BC ;*X 4 )%L% %. - 6 L
&
B#11'C :
+ & F F F FF & F F
&& & F F F & &F & &
$55
A 9 0 !9@?
$ 4 & A
&
$
$ @&F A
@& A
"
B
2 ! (@& A , (B) . @& &A E% 0
6
B
"
"
%
"
B FF "
BB
(
"
*72) & &
"
"
" B ! "
BB
"
3 B
B
"
BB
" !
"
"
F "
"
BB
"
"
B
"
"
"
"
"
"
BB
"
BB
BB
F "
F "
F "
* !0
BB
BB
F "
"
"
+
BB
BB
"
"
"
BB
BB
"
"
"
)"B<%, ) @2 ( & A0 ! %0 % !
E% 0
," (
%
"
"
"
! "
"
%
"
0
$
%
"
&
&
"
"
BB
&
E% 0
5
" &
7
/
7
( 00!
-
"
0% .
. %!
"
3%
! 0%
(
"
&
$55
A> $
*
*
1984 371,427
Austin Rover MG Rover Group (post 2000) MG Mini Land Rover
* *
MG Mini Land Rover
%
%
2
1985 450,892
* * 11,897
Austin Rover MG Rover Group (post 2000)
Z4 %
+
(
BAe
1986 389,968
* * 14,212
3
56
1987 450,726
1988 450,666
* * 14,486
* * 20,778
&
%
1989 434,816
* * 24,021
1990 417,351
* * 31,803
1991 359,951
* * 47,261
1992 339,054
* * 35,673
1993 356,280
* * 39,743
50,524
BMW 1994 369,618
1995 350,381
1996 345,503
1997 364,350
1998 303,800
1999 227,743
Phoenix 2000 174,885 174,885
2001 134,155 163,144
2002 95,082 142,928
2003 83,940 136,065
2004 63,842 107,583
821 20,417 71,758
3,186 20,346 127,414
16,112 15,713 126,797
13,398 16,831 127,887
14,400 14,405 153,500
11,719 * 11,695 7,070 178,000 159,997
28,989 42,395 139,005
47,846 160,037 155,412
52,125 174,366 N/A
43,741 189,492 N/A
H2
H 12
1 %"
$55
A4
5*
%
Segment
+
)&
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Lifecycle in years excl. facelifts
Model
Platform
Mini
Mini
A
1959
41
Metro (R100)
R6
A
1989
11
Rover 15
Indica (Tata)
A
Rover 200
Civic(1)
C
Rover 200/25
Civic(1)
B
11+
Rover RDX30 R30
B
-
Meastro
Meastro
C
1982
13
Roer 400
Civic(1)
C
1990
6
Rover 45
Civic(2)
C
11+
Rover RDX60 R40
C
-
Montego
Montego
D
1984
12
Rover 600
Accord
D
1993
6
Rover 75
R40
D
1998
8+
Rover 800
Legend
E
1991
MGF
PR3 (X40)
E
11+
MG X70
R40
E
-
MGX71
R40
E
-
MG X80
Qvale
E
2+
3+ 1989
7
$55
A(
+ 8
? %,
? +B ? ++ B ? +++ B * + ++ +++ +? + ++ + +++
%
@2
4
A
* * * *
+ ++ +++ +?H? )
?6
1 1 1 1
0+ 0++ 0+++ 0+?
& & & & & F && && & F & & & & & & && && &&& & F & & & & && &&& & & && &&&
, %
6: 6 +
+
) *2 37
5
2 ,
: D
E
& F
H
F F
F F F F
F&
F &
FF
F
F
F F&F H
F F
F F
F H
FF &
H
H
FF
&
F
F
&
F&
F&
F F H
H H F F
&
&
F
&
&
F
& &
F &
& &
H F
& & F& F
FF
$55
A
%
5B5 0$5 #11=C
F % %
B
(Z
- *Z 1 ZZZ
12
1 %
12
1 %
12
1 %
12
1 %
- 6 Z 7 2 ( 2
ZZ
ZZZ /
1 %
12
1 %
- 6
?
7
12
1 %
6
(Z
12
1 % 7 0
5
2
12 - 6
/ %!
ZZ/
1 %
- 6
)
Z 12
12
&
3%
B!
. 1. % "
7 %
D !
7 7
0 !-
, ! B N B
!
" *%
% 0