CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
CHAPTER 18 / 239 Initial Studies and Site/ page 241 Exterior Quality / page 243 Interior Quality / page 245 Floor Plans / page 247 Program Layout / page 249
Initial Studies and Site
1,%%(,% !/T 3 /TFTĂœ(3&
"/3T%.T & /"/!
/1 +%&
+-, T 3&0 +-
/. T 3&0 /. T %%
+-, T %%
"/3T%.T & /"/! T "%!!F /1 +%&˜T/ /" T74�
+-,, T 3&0 /. T 3&0 3
+-, T %% + /. T %% /. T 3&0 3&&&00 "/3T%.T & /"/! TĂœ(31/'/& T%.T 3&0!TĂ‚T //
+-, T 3&00 /.. T 3&0 / T 3 3& 3 3&0
. T %% /. T T %
+-, ++-, -, T 3&0 3&0 &
+-, T %%
/. T %% +-, T %%
+-, T 3&0 /. T 3&0
+-, T %% /. T %%
%0 T /& !
/. T 3 T 3&0 3&0 +-, +++--, -, TT T 3&0 3&0 3 3&0 /. T %% +-, T %%
+-, T 3&0 /. T 3&0
+-, T %% /. T %% /. T 3&00 +-, T 3&00
7TĂœ%+& !T%.T %& 31
/.. T %% T % +-, T %%
/. T 3&0 3&0 +-, T 3&0 3&0 /. T %% +-, T %%
+-, T 3&0
% 3 +%&T%.T!$31/T3"% &0T'% /'/& T(+&/
+-, T 3&0
LEFT Our studio’s tour through Mammoth Cave revealed the remarkable types of spaces that exist within it. Using this as inspiration, I studied a section of the cave as an initial study to help me understand cave space and how one moves through it. Based off of the caving rule that one should always have 3 points of contact with the surface of the cave while moving through it, I mapped the imagined path of a caver’s hands and feet as they moved through this section of cave, with 3 of the four appendages touching the walls at all times. This study helped reveal the distinction between movement above ground and movement within the cave. In a cave, body orientation is completely dependent on the space around you. Rarely is one able to walk in a straight line, but instead must weave, crawl, and shuffle through the spaces. There are no defined “walls�, “floors�, and “ceilings�, but rather one ambiguous surface that wraps around you. I wanted to carry this type of surface and space forth through the development of this project.
/1 +%&T5
/1 +%&T6 /1 +%&T7
/1 +%&T8
'' 3
%
T 3 / ,T
>
!T
0/"
3& >
>
T 0
&1/
3
RIGHT The site for this project sits adjacent to I-65 on Mammoth Cave St. in Cave City, KY. A series of open fields for sale in this region made this a good potential choice for the site. At this location, the headquarters benefits from easy access from tourists in the area, and high visibility from anyone passing by along the highway. At this location, the NSS headquarters can separate itself from the tacky, over-thetop tourist attractions in the area while still benefiting from thousands of visitors yearly who come to the Mammoth Cave region interested in caving.
TFT:9 TFFT::99
CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
241
Exterior Quality With the activity of caving being so intimately tied to the natural landscape, I felt the look of the NSS headquarters should register a relationship with its site. From the exterior, the building is meant to read as a ridge protruding from the landscape, as if the earth itself had been pushed up. The building is formed by deep channels of concrete that create a vertical training surface both on the interior and exterior of the building, with wood siding cladding some of the structure’s volumes that protrude from the sides. Additionally, a large, glass roof runs along the fissure in the building that highlights the vertical training area.
243
CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
Interior Quality The section and interior rendering of the vertical training wall on the interior of the building reveals the space’s grand feel. This space acts as the anchor of the entire building, with the rest of the program arranged around it. A slit in the training wall allows visitors who are meandering through the caving museum to see the exciting activities that members are partaking in along the vertical training surfaces. A series of timbers act as the structure that holds the glass in place above the fissure. This allows an enormous amount of light into the
building, reducing the need for artificial lighting. At night, this space glows with light (see the rendering below), giving the headquarters a “spectacle� draw for the visitors in the area.
T T T
T T
245
CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
Floor Plans T The floor plans show the layout of program within the building. Because the site slopes up toward the north, the main entrance to the south is on the first level at grade, while the back entrances and terraces are on the second level at grade. The vertical training fissure cuts through the entire building, with locker rooms directly adjacent to them. Visitors benefit from a museum, library, and gift shop immediately off of the main entrance on the first level. Some of the member/employee spaces, such as offices, the conference room, and a kitchen and sleeping area, are on the second level.
T
T
T
¡T T Ăœ
T
T T T
· Ü T ¡
T Ü T ¡
247
CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
Program Layout
¡
Ăœ Ăœ Ăœ
T
'$(% //¡ /'2/" +!+ %"
FAR LEFT Sections cut through the building reveal the adjacencies of program and their relationships.
'$(% //¡ /'2/"¡ +!+ %" /" +13(T "3+&+&-T +.
/ /(T5
LEFT A user-type diagram shows which spaces are dedicated to members/employees, which are dedicated to visitors, and which are meant for both. BELOW The building model shows the fissure and ridge qualities the building creates with the landscape.
/ /(T6
249 / /(T7
CHAPTER 18 Cameron Stewart
CHAPTER 19 Benjamin Thomas
CHAPTER 19 / 251 Static Transition / page 253 Site Evolution / page 255 Floor Plans / page 257 Perspectives / page 259
3 +1T "3&!+ +%&
,/T(3&0!13$/!T /T+&,32+ T3"/T$"%0 1 !T %.T (3"-/˜T / %( +%&3" T !,+. !>T T ,/!/T !,+. !T3"/T1%& +& % !( T%11 ""+&-–T ,/ T 3"/T3( 3 !T+&T "3&!+ +%&>TT /& 1) “!T -/%(%- T+!T &+# /T+&T ,3 T+ T,3!T +/(0/0T ,/T %$$%" &+ T .%"T 13 /T .%"'3 +%&T 3&0T ! 2 /""3&/3&T /1%! ! /'!>T T T +!T ,"% -,T ,/T T ,3 T ,/!/T !/&!+ + /T ! ! /'!T 13&T 2/T '3$$/0˜T ! 0+/0˜T 3&0T 0+!!/1 /0>T T ,/T T +!T 1,3"-/0T + ,T ,/T "/!$%&!+2+(+ T %.T +&.%"'+&-T ,%!/T ,%T '3 T &% T &0/"! 3&0T ,/T 1%'$(/ + +/!T%.T ,/!/T %"(0!>TT ,"% -,T ,+!T &/ T ,/30# 3" /"!˜T $% /& +3(T .%"T ,+!T "3&!./"T %.T +&.%"'3 +%&T +!T -"/3 ( T +&1"/3!/0>T T &T 3&T /..%" T %T 3+0T ,/T T +&T 311%'$(+!,+&-T ,/+"T -%3(!˜T ,/T 2 +(0+&-T ' ! T 0"3 T ."%'T ,/T !3'/T .%"1/!T ,3 T !,3$/0T ,/T /& +"%&'/& !T ,/ T ! 0 >T T &3( +&-T ,/T-/%(%-+13(T,+! %" T%.T)/& 1) T3&0T ,/T '3''% ,T 13 /T "/-+%&˜T 3T (3&- 3-/T +!T 0/ /(%$/0T ,3 T +&.%"'!T ,/T 3 !T +&T ,+1,T $"%-"3''3 +1T "/(3 +%&!,+$!T 3"/T /! 32(+!,/0T 2% ,T $, !+13(( T 3&0T !%1+3(( >TT ,/T"/! ( T+!T3T!+'$( T&3 +-3 /0T /& +"%&'/& T 0/.+&/0T 2 T 3T !//'+&-( T 1%'$(/ T 3""3&-/'/& T %.T $3" !>T T ,/T 3"1,+ /1 "/T+!T! +((T+&T "3&!+ +%&˜T3!T +!T ,/T >T T T 3(( 0/!T %T &.+&+!,/0T $"%1/!!T3&0T1%& +& /0T$"%1/!!>TT
T
T
T
253
ĂœĂœ T —TT ĂœĂœ TĂœ CHAPTER 19 Benjamin Thomas
·Ü T
T
Ü
T
·
·
·T
255
Ăœ T T CHAPTER 19 Benjamin Thomas
%! ( T ! 2 /""3&/3& T ,/T 2 +(0+&-T !/!T ,/T $(3 T 2/ //&T +& /"+%"T 3&0T / /"+%"T %T1"/3 /T'%'/& !T%.T /&!+%&T 3&0T +& "+- /T ,3 T %")T %T ,/+-, /&T ,/T/ $/"+/&1/T%.T ,/T ,%(/>TT $%! "/T %.T ,/T $, !+13(T "/(3 +%&!,+$! T .% &0T 2/ //&T 32% /T 3&0T 2/(% T -"% &0 T +!T / /1 /0T ,"% -,T !'3((T "/ /3(!T %.T (+-, T 3&0T /" +13(T $3!!3-/!T ."%'T %&/T %T 3&% ,/">T T ,/T ,"//T $ 2(+1!T %.T ,/T 2 +(0+&-T ¡13 /" T 30'+&+! "3 %" T % "+! T 3"/T $ "$%!/. (( T -+ /&T '%'/& !T%.T% /"(3$>TT &T ,/!/T'%'/& !T ,/ T .+&0T ,/T 32+(+ T %T / /&0T ,/+"T $"%-"3'!T %T %&/T 3&% ,/" T 1"/3 +&-T 3T , 2"+0T /& +"%&'/& T .%"T /0 13 +%&T 3&0T +& /"31 +%&>T T ,/T 3"1,+ /1 "/T 31 + /( T $"/!/& !T )/ T ./3 "/!T %.T $"%-"3'T %T /31,T % ,/" T +&1"/3!+&-T ,/T (/-+2+(+ T %.T !$31/T 3&0T 3(!%T ,/T 1%'$%&/& !T ,3 T 0/.+&/T ,/T &!!T 3!T 3T !%1+/ >T T ,"% -,T ,/!/T )+&0!T %.T +& /"31 +%&! T ,/T&!!T13&T3&0T +((T2/T $/"1/+ /0T 3!T '%"/T ,3&T 3T ,%22 +! !T 1( 2>T T ,/T "3&!./"T %.T +&.%"'3 +%&T ."%'T 13 +&-T !%1+/ T %T % "+&-T$ 2(+1T +((T+&1"/3!/ T. " ,/"T!%(+0+. +&-T ,/T
T3!T3T!/"+% ! T1%&!/" 3 +%&F'+&0/0T !%1+/ T ,%!/T/..%" !T3"/T%&T' ( +$(/T ."%& !>TT /!/3"1,>TT "3+&+&->TT 0 13 +%&>
TÜ
T
T
T ¡ T
257 ¡ T
F TĂœ
CHAPTER 19 Benjamin Thomas
259
T¡T T CHAPTER 19 Benjamin Thomas
· T
· T
T 261
T ·
CHAPTER 20 Sheri Zon
CHAPTER 20 / 263 Between Boundaries / page 265 Perspectives and Sections / page 269
Between Boundaries Between Boundaries is located in a 180 foot deep sinkhole turned cave along a main access road within Mammoth Cave National Park. The NSS Headquarter’s research and training center take advantage of the atmosphere betweeen the above and under ground territories.
<;>:³
,+-,T /'$/"3 "/
9>:
265
!&% .3((T
9>66
$"/1+$+ 3 +%&
T /'$/"3 "/TTT 98³ 7>59
67>:³
(% T /'$/"3 "/
CHAPTER 20 Sheri Zon
b
a
2%%)T0+! "+2
+%&
The building makes contact with the ground and walls of rock where it can be useful for the program and users. Because of the caves isolation from existing infrastructre networks, wind is generated from air flow leaving and entering the cave, while other programs make contact with the ground to colllect water. The progam is organized in by relationship to the cave atmosphere of humidity, wind and temperature, allowing users to experience the phenomenological qualities of the cave while taking consideration the possible deterioration of research materials. As cave conservation is a major goal of the NSS, the building makes little contact with the ground to allow for topographic shifts. Also, runoff from the building and book distribution access is filtered in the cave diving pool before entering the cave enivronment. Materials of the building are chosen because of their response to the surroundings. Copper patinas differently at various elevations as the building plunges near the cave entrance. Concrete becomes grimy with time as its pours collect humidity and moss. Black steel dirties as the particles flow in and out of the cave.
/! 3"1,+
a
b
a
b
²558
.//
/! 3"1,+
b
a
²=< ¡²546 .//
.// T a
b
%..+1/
"/!/3" 1,T1/&
/"
down
(+2"3"
3 0+
%"+
'
down
down
(%22
b
a
²<:
.// a
b
'//
dow
n
+&-T"%
n
%'
dow
up
'//
+&-T
"%%'
%"+
'
up
3 0+
up
²;8
.//
b
a
b
a 2 &)/"T"%%' %'
/&!T(
%1)/
"T"%% '
'/&
!T(%1
)/"T" %%'
n
dow
up up
)+ 1,
/&
²:6
T.//
b
a
b
a
up
²94
T.//
a
b
DGPLQLVWUDWLRQ
YLVLWRU
ORDGLQJ GRFN
Q R L W D O X F FLU DUFKLYHV
OLEUDU\
SDUNLQJ
ERRN GLVWULEXWLRQ
DXGLWRULXP
$&&(66
PHPEHU
OREE\
RIILFHV
NLWFKHQ
UHVWURRPV
EXQNHU URRP
YHUWLFDO WUDLQLQJ FDYH GLYH WUDLQLQJ
ORFNHU URRPV
ORDGLQJ GRFN
ERRN GLVWULEXWLRQ DUFKLYHV OLEUDU\
RIILFHV
OREE\
SDUNLQJ
FLU FX OD W
&$9(
PHHWLQJ URRPV
UHVWURRPV
NLWFKHQ
PHHWLQJ URRP
ORFNHU URRPV
EXQNHU URRP
267
YHUWLFDO WUDLQLQJPRQLWRULQJ
FDYH GLYH WUDLQLQJ
CHAPTER 20 Sheri Zon
+114
feet
+102
feet
+98
feet
+86
feet
+74
feet
+62
feet
+50
feet
+0
feet
269
CHAPTER 20 Sheri Zon