Cardiometry: a new fundamental scientific field in cardiology

M. RUDENKO

V. ZERNOV

O. VORONOVA

Cardiometry: a new fundamental scientific field in cardiology The greatest scientific discoveries: revolutionizing philosophy in cardiology diagnostics

Cardiology VS Cardiometry

Why is the area so small in cardiology?

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New point L

3 Novelty No. 1.

Willem Einthoven 1906:

G. Poyedintsev 1980: Hemodynamics equations by G. Poyedintsev – O.Voronova

ECG for diagnostics, the Nobel Prize in 1924

Blood flow structure, adequate mathematical model developed

Cardiometry: a new level in development of Electrocardiography

By measuring durations of cardiac cycle phases and substituting them in hemodynamics equations by Poyedintsev - Voronova we obtain the blood volume in each phase.

New point L

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SV – stroke volume, (ml) MV – minute volume, (l/min) PV1 – volume of blood entering the ventricle in premature diastole phase, characterizing suction function of the ventricle, (ml); PV2 – volume of blood entering the left ventricle, characterizing contraction function of atrium, (ml); PV3 – volume of blood ejected by ventricle in rapid ejection phase, (ml); PV4 – volume of blood ejected by ventricle in slow ejection phase, (ml); PV5 – volume of blood (a share of SV) pumped by ascending aorta as peristaltic pump, characterizing aorta tonus, (ml).

Hemodynamic data in clinical reference tests: non-invasive Cardiocode technology vs. invasive thermodilution and Fick methods

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It is precisely the discovery and 6 the mathematical model of the elevated fluidity regime that is decisive for great advances in the understanding of the performance of the cardiovascular system.

Our mathematical model of hemodynamics shows that the primary source is just the cardiac cycle phase analysis.

Our book “Theoretical principles of heart cycle phase analysis� has been included into Web of Science.

Elevated fluidity regime: use in engineering 1941

2015:

German missile V-1: a propellant rocket engineered on the basis of regime of elevated fluidity

Propulsion system designed by Boeing

Texas Heart Institution: implantable blood pumps generating the specific elevated fluidity conditions

We pioneered in mathematical description of the elevated fluidity regime in the human circulatory system, and we successfully applied the new mathematical concept of the heart and blood vessel performance to the cardiovascular system diagnostics.

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Elevated fluidity regime as basis of hemodynamics.

Generation of the regime takes place in phase L-j

The above regime is required for the following: 1. to minimize friction in motion of blood elements; 2. ro maximize O2 capture by erythrocytes; 3. to maintain the captured oxygen amount in circulating erythrocytes.

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CARDIOMETRY belongs to the family of NATURAL SCIENCES, and therefore it possesses its own laws, axiom system and logical analysis of data. It’s of great significance. The foundation of CARDIOMETRY is a pioneering concept of mathematical modeling of biophysical processes in the circulatory system.

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We had no idea of creating a new science. But much later we have realized there is every reason to state: we are dealing really with a new science: it’s CARDIOMETRY. М. Rudenko,

O. Voronova,

V. Zernov

New science – new capabilities: Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 2. Formation of systolic segment of ECG. New point L

Na+, Ca++, K+ ions are activated in a certain phase-related sequence that determines the shape of the ECG segments.

An introduction of point L and an accurate identification of point j on ECG open new possibilities for specific metabolism diagnostics of the heart muscle performance and conceptual diagnostics in general.

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Biochemical data on cardiac muscle performance derived from ECG: non-invasive assessment of aerobic, anaerobic and creatine phosphate processes in cardiac muscle tissue

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displayed in arbitrary units.

Aerobic QRS Đž2 Anaerobic SL Lactate Creatine phosphate Lj

ECG

the derivative of the ECG

Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 3 Single lead ECG + tetrapolar RHEO (ICG) recording in sync: original electrodes lay-out

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Long term monitoring of major cardiometric parameters required to assess adequacy of selected therapy strategy

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Cardiometry: a new level in development of Electrocardiography (use of single-lead ECG only) Hemodynamics Performance Metabolism

CNS

Heart life expectancy (cardiac cycle phases)

Immune system Adaptation reactions Phsychological condition Energy of the heart

Neurocardiometry

(ECG spectrum)

Effective treatment and outcome prediction.

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The most dramatic example is given below: a case of hemodynamic monitoring in a patient during his last 6 hours in intensive care unit before lethal cardiac event. We use prognostic indicators for assessment of heart life expectancy as follows: cardiometric parameter PV2 showing volume of blood entering the left ventricle in the atrial systole phase and biochemical data on aerobic and anaerobic processes reflecting oxygen and lactate content in heart muscle tissues. Important: all the data are derived from ECG by original digital processing only.

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ECG & RHEO (ICG) (Cardiocode): 6 hr. before lethal cardiac

event

The same concept laid the groundwork for ASSESSMENT OF HEART LIFE EXPECTANCY.

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Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 4 CARDIOMETRY laws: reference to the respective ECG phases

The laws of Cardiometry explain the individual performance of the heart in the proper way.

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18 Hydraulic forces contribute to left ventricular diastolic filling Elira Maksuti, Markus Carlsson, Hakan Arheden, Sandor J. Kovacs, Michael Broome & Martin • •

Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Medical Engineering, School of Technology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

The Swedish researchers in their experiments confirmed the fact that the heart performance is autonomous: it is fully in conformance with the cardiometry concept of the heart control by the SA and AV nodes operating as baroreceptors.

Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 5 Phase-related compensatory mechanism of cardiac muscle contractility: Loss of contractility of a group of muscle fibers is compensated by an increase in contractile function of an adjacent group of cardiac muscle fibers.

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Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 6 New classification of ECG curves: Periodic table of ECG curves

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Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 7

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Obtaining more data by ECG processing: synchronous recording of ECG & RHEO (ICG) , synchronization of recorded curves by point S. New point L

Max

min

Advanced pioneering: Novelty No. 8

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Periodic table of RHEO (ICG) curves according to their phase-related changes

The discovery of DNA is one of the most significant subject-related breakthrough events in science, whereas CARDIOMETRY is a cluster of subjectrelated discoveries that provides a challenging universal breakthrough explaining various relations between many levels in the performance of the cardiovascular system.

It has been just this substantive matter which forms a foundation for the new scientific field.

And it is really unique even when considering the entire system of natural sciences. .

.

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Fundamental conclusion

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We have completed a transition FROM CARDIOLOGY considering the heart performance as a matter of convention TO CARDIOMETRY capable of describing the performance of the human circulatory system in the most precise way.

Cardiometry has turned Electrocardiography to the most effective and powerful method of diagnostics of the cardiovascular system performance. All other methods are second thereto.

Neurocardiometry

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Analysis of ECG harmonics shapes

Psychoanalysis

Sympathetic

Neurocardiometry

harmonics

ECG

Resonancetheory-based therapy

Parasympathetic

EMF action and effects on the organism. HF carrier signal is modulated

by ECG spectrum frequencies.

A new therapy approach: pain relief upon exposure to EMF induced by patient’s own cardiac signals converted to electromagnetic waves

The highest efficacy of the device has been recognized by the Russian Ministry of Public Health Service!

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Conclusions Cardiometry as a natural science

Laws, Axiom system & logic

ECG coverage: 100% (theory of cardiac cycle phase analysis)

Regime of elevated fluidity of blood

Adequate mathematical model of hemodynamics

Cardiology as an empirical research science

No laws!

Laminar regime

New point on ECG (point L) & interpretation of point j New theory of rheography

Original diagnostics: metabolism data

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The conventional physical concept of blood flow doesn’t fit the phenomenon.

Original diagnostics: hemodynamic data

ECG coverage: 50% (theory of cardiac cycle phase analysis)

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?

New classification of ECG & Rheo curves New theory of arrhythmias

New theory of Neurocardiometry

Our Journal www. cardiometry.net is read in 148 countries throughout the world!

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CARDIOMETRY developers wish to everybody in Sweden: give your heart a chance to be healthy!

Heart health is your wealth! Enjoy your healthy life!

Thank you for your kind attention!

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