Careers UK | June Issue - Professional Edition by Careers UK

PROFESSIONAL EDITION JUNE 2019

JOB MARKET TIPS

SPECIAL FEATURES

15 Gadgets for Millenials How to Prepare a Business Plan How Credit Rating Works

Buidling Confidence The UK’s Current Jobs By Sector Don’t Let Your Social Media Stop You From Getting Interv 20 Most Frequently Asked Interview Questions 10 Out-Of-The-Box Questions Interviewers May Ask You Preparing For Assessment Centres Interview Dress Code

WORK/LIFE BALANCE

Motivation Secrets to Good Health Why Take Breaks Coping with Mental Health: PTSD Anxiety Balancing Study and Work

THRIVING AT WORK

How to maximise your potential in a new role How To Effectively Delegate Tasks Becoming The Best Leader How To Resolve Conflict In The Workplace Tip Top Teamwork

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CHANGING DIRECTION What to expect from a Graduate Scheme

SUCCESS STORIES

Professional Insights Featuring an exclusive interview with a consultant

EDITOR’S LETTER 66

BRAIN TEASERS Puzzles & Riddles

Hello everybody! It gives me great pleasure to welcome you to the June edition of the Careers UK magazine. It is our goal to become your go-to place for advice relating to all things career, whether it’s what to study, how to land your dream job, the steps to a promotion or how to be your best self in mind and body so that you can thrive at work.

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We’ve got dreams of being the best in the business, with the highest distribution, a great job-hunting platform and an easy-touse website that will make all our content free for absolutely everyone. We’d also love to hear from you on social media if you have any feedback or queries – all the links are on our website, www. careersuk.org. EDITORIAL POLICY The views, comments statements and opinions are not necessarily those of Careers UK. Careers UK will accept no responsibility for any loss incurred by any person or organisation as a result of using any material from this publication. Average circulation: Print: 30,150 Online/digital : 1.4 million Tel: 0800 865 4770 EDITORIAL

Shareen Akhter & Ellie Smith

DESIGNER

Joshua Taruvinga & Megan Swan

James Hall & Sky Shazad

MARKETING Aiden Brocklehurst & Sham Tizora CIRCULATION Sian Humphreys & Kirti Patel

www.careersuk.org

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 1

TOP

GADGETS FOR MILLENNIALS

With the ever-increasing options of new technology, it can be difficult to keep on top of the latest tech trends. We have found some of the most useful and entertaining gadgets on the market. These are 15 new gadgets that could make your life easier.

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APPLE AIRPODS The latest Apple Air Pods are better than ever with flawless ergonomics, improved battery life and better connectivity. You can also buy a wireless charging case for maximum convenience. £159 www.amazon.co.uk

NINTENDO SWITCH The Nintendo switch can be used both as a portable gaming devise and a home gaming console incredibly easily, just by docking the controllers into a station. Nintendo have a reputation for having the best family games, as well as a whole host of titles. £259.99 www.amazon.co.uk

POLAROID ONESTEP 2 Simple and easy to use, the new and improved One-step Polaroid camera is the perfect device to take great photos and instantly have a physical picture. £119.99 www.uk.polaroidoriginals.com

FITBIT CHARGE 3 Wanting to keep track of useful information about your body? The Fitbit Charge 3 comes packed with features to help you be the healthiest you can be. £119 www.johnlewis.com

ANKER POWERCORE 20100 In an age where most people have a smartphone, A high quality portable power pack can be incredibly useful, especially on long journeys. The Anker PowerCore 20100 is one of the best you can get for the price. £32.99 www.amazon.co.uk

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 3

CHIPOLO Constantly losing your keys or belongings, adding unwanted stress just before you leave the house? Chipolo have you covered. By clipping on one of these fantastic gadgets to your belongings, you can track your lost items with your phone. £23 www.chipolo.net

NUTRIBULLET Not just a blender, the Nutribullet breaks down fruit’s vegetables, nuts and seeds into their most absorbable and nutritional state, great for those who want to be as healthy as can be. £52.72 www.amazon.co.uk

IPAD PRO The new iPad Pro has a 12.9-inch edge to edge retina display and up to 10 hours of battery life. Perfect for professionals, creatives and those who want to browse in style. £1,069 www.amazon.co.uk

GOPRO HERO 7 The Gopro HERO 7 is a discrete and sleek camera that captures 4k video at 60 frames per second. What sets it apart from competitors is its excellent stabilization making it perfect for adventurers. £318.99 www.amazon.co.uk

UE BOOM 3 The UE Boom 3 is the best wireless speaker in its class and has an amazing 360-degree sound. It is also waterproof which makes it perfect for travelling and any adventures you go on. £99 www.amazon.co.uk

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POLAROID MINT POCKET PRINTER The Polaroid Mint Pocket printer lets you print straight from your smartphone. Controlled by an app, the Pocket printer comes with editing tools and is very easy to operate. £79.99 www.amazon.co.uk

GOOGLE HOME Google Home is a great gadget the allows the user to ask it questions and get instant replies. You can also control lights and heating in your house just by talking to the Google Home. It is also excellent addition for music lovers as it has amazing sound quality and can be paired up with Spotify and other music apps. £89 store.google.com

HYPER X CLOUD II If you are an avid gamer, a quality gaming headset is vital. The Hyper X cloud 2 comes with 7.1 Virtual surround sound, memory foam ear pads for maximum comfort and is specially optimized for gaming. £78.91 www.amazon.co.uk

APPLE WATCH SERIES 4 The latest line of Apple Watches has a refreshed design with much better specs than previous models. It comes packed with features, with its own fitness tracker and cellular connectivity. £498.99 www.amazon.co.uk

DJI MAVERIC AIR This drone is designed to be foldable and portable, yet still shoot in crisp 4k. It has a 21-minute flight time and 3 directional environment sensing. It even has slow motion capture allowing for the best shots of all your adventures. £579 www.dronesdirect.co.uk

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HOW TO PREPARE A BUSINESS PL AN A business plan is an essential strategic tool for any entrepreneur and business professional - it will help you maximise your company goals and raising funds when pitching to investors and lenders. We have drafted a simple business plan to enable you to visualise what each section could include. The business plan sample we have featured is a start-up healthcare recruitment consultancy company. Please note that this is just a skeleton of a business plan. Feel free to expand upon the descriptions or tweak the ideas to your specific business context. For a complete version, please visit the entrepreneurship page of our website.

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BUSINESS PLAN BREAKDOWN: 1. Executive Summary 1.1 Overview 1.2 (Company Name): Our Mission and Vision 2. Strategic and Operational 2.1 Core Objectives 2.2 SWOT Analysis 2.3 Corporate Governance, Risk and Internal Control 2.4 Organisational Structure

3. Marketing 3.1 The Recruitment Market 3.2 Target Customers and Customer Management 3.3 Competitor Analysis and Key Competitors 3.4 Our Unique Selling Points 3.5 Potential Hurdles 3.6 Pricing Strategy 3.7 Advertising and Promotional Strategy 4. Finances 4.1 Financial Plan 4.2 Cash Flow Forecast

SPECIAL FEATURES

Overview: The primary purpose of this document is to formulate initial strategies and operating guidelines for WonderCare Professional Service Limited. The document shall provide information which will help with understanding the predicted development, performance and forecasted position of the company. Our Mission and Vision: To be recognised at all levels for our high standards of professionalism, service and quality of care provided within appropriate, safe and therapeutic environments. Core Objectives: Our central objective is to be a unique and cost-effective provider of specialised healthcare recruitment solutions for the Yorkshire region. SWOT Analysis: • Strengths - Provide numerous ongoing training and support to our candidates. • Weaknesses - Lack of sufficient manpower resources to fully exploit the vast opportunities in the region. • Opportunities - Building excellent online technology capabilities including unique social media tools. • Threats - Economic and political uncertainty, especially driven by factors such as Brexit. Corporate Governance, Risk and Internal Control: The company will take a very cautious risk management approach in all its corporate activities. We believe that it is essential for the company to conduct its corporate affairs in accordance with the highest ethical standards. Organisational Structure: WonderCare is run by a team made up of the Chief Executive Officer, Operations Director and three members of staff. The Recruitment Market: The industry is relatively sensitive to seasonal variations and economic influences, varying in the different sectors it serves. However, the healthcare sector tends to maintain steady revenues throughout the year. Target Customers and Customer Management: Our key employer-clients will include NHS trusts’ hospitals, private hospitals and nursing/residential homes, as well as primary health and learning disability services within the region. Competitor Analysis and Key Competitors: The UK healthcare recruitment industry is extremely competitive and recruitment companies are in a constant war for talent. It is also a very fragmented industry, with about 20 major players accounting for almost 25% of revenues generated and the remainder of the sector is divided between several thousand smaller consultancies. Key competitors - Team 24, Mayday Healthcare, A24 Group, Hays Medical, Healthcare Locums. Our Unique Selling Points: Constantly innovating new client service add-ons. Operate as a boutique-fit Yorkshire healthcare recruiter with niche local knowledge. Potential Hurdles: Increasing competition might make growth prospects challenging. Dealing with the high volume of calls, particularly from job-seekers. Pricing Strategy: Our key competitive driver will be focusing on our significantly lower costs of recruitment (ranging from 10 - 20% margin) and their positive effect on our clients’ cost structure and bottom line. In addition, unlike most of our competitors, we charge nothing for our service unless we manage to place someone with our clients. Advertising and promotional strategy: Social Media Marketing as well as on jobcentre boards, writing promotional articles for relevant online and print media, offering gifts and promotional material for referrals and leads. Financial Plan: The accompanying projected financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United Kingdom. Due to the inherent nature of forecasts, estimates and professional judgments have been applied, but may be subject to risk of misstatements if operating conditions change substantially. Download the full 18 page sample business plan at www.careersuk.org/entrepreneurship STUDENT EDITION 7 JUNE | PROFESSIONAL

HOW CREDIT RATING WORKS

CREDIT SCORE

A credit rating is a system that some organisations use to judge how likely it is individuals or businesses will be given credit by a investor. A credit rating could be a number or a series of letters or another system altogether and each lender will have their own method of judging whether to offer you credit or not. A credit rating can refer to a variety of systems used to judge how credit worthy a lender finds individuals, businesses or other organisations.

A credit score is a 3-digit number that shows you how likely you are to be accepted for credit. It’s based on your credit report, which is a record of how you’ve handled credit in the past. A credit score is a specific numerical value that can go up or down depending on your individual circumstances. When you’re thinking about how investors view you, remember that they ’re looking for someone who will be able to meet the repayments: they want someone who is low risk. Different agencies and lenders will assign you a credit score based on the data they have available, as well as their own scoring system and scale.

CREDIT REPORT A credit report is a collection of data relating to your borrowing history. It includes: • Your personal information: your name, date of birth and address • Your electoral data • Credit searches • Repayments you’ve made, including missed or late payments • Any defaults you may have had on payments • Information about you in public registers. 8 www.careersuk.org

WHY ARE CREDIT RATINGS IMPORTANT? Whichever tool a lender uses to evaluate your creditworthiness, whether it’s a credit rating or various types of credit score, the end goal is to try and predict how likely you are to repay your loans. A history of making repayments on time and using credit responsibly can help demonstrate that you can repay credit in the future. As well as affecting products like loans, overdrafts and credit cards, your credit report can also influence things like getting a mortgage, getting finance for a car, how you pay for utilities like gas and electricity and buying a mobile phone on contract. Each of these situations involves a type of credit and means the lender will use a tool to determine what to offer. Lenders may also consider information included in your application, such as salary, or any data they have from previous transactions.

HOW CAN YOU IMPROVE YOUR CREDIT RATING? A good credit rating, score or report is about demonstrating a history of responsible borrowing. The way these tools or reports are used varies from lender to lender but paying off your debts on-time and to completion is an important part of building a good credit history.

You should also ensure that any data held by credit reference agencies is accurate, for example, make sure to update the electoral register if you move to a new house as this is used to verify your address. If you have had problems with debt in the past it may take a while to rebuild your credit history. Similarly, if you have never used credit before there will not be anything for lenders to use as evidence of your creditworthiness. If this is the case, you could consider using small amounts of credit and make regular repayments, to establish a credit history.

HOW CAN IMPROVING MY CREDIT SCORE BENEFIT ME? A higher credit score means companies see you as a lower risk, so you’re more likely to be approved for credit. This is because a high score indicates you have a history of managing your credit sensibly and making repayments on time.

The benefits of improving your score may include:

LOWER INTEREST RATES If companies think your lower risk, they may offer you better interest rates on loans and credit cards, which can make borrowing cheaper.

HIGHER CREDIT LIMITS If you improve your score, you should have a better chance of borrowing larger amounts. This could help you achieve goals faster, such as buying a new car or making home improvements.

ACCESS TO MORE OFFERS Whether it’s a loan, credit card or mortgage you’re after, a higher credit score means you’ll have better chances of approval – so you may be able to choose from a wider range of credit offers and providers.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 9

MOTIVATION

MOTIVATION IS A PROCESS THAT INVOLVES INDIVIDUALS ACTING TOWARDS THEIR GOALS. IT LEADS A PERSON TO PUTTING IN EFFORT AND HAVING THE DESIRE TO MAINTAIN THEIR GOALS. A MOTIVE IS AN IMPULSE THAT CAUSES A PERSON TO ACT. MOTIVATION INITIATES, GUIDES AND MAINTAINS GOAL-ORIENTED BEHAVIOUR. MOTIVATION IS AN IMPORTANT LIFE SKILL AND KEY TO ACHIEVING GOALS. WITHOUT MOTIVATION IN LIFE, ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S HARD TO STRIVE FOR SUCCESS.

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SPECIAL FEATURES

Tips on becoming and staying motivated

The Importance of Motivation:

Establish goals that will motivate you

individual is motivated, it leads to an increase in their productivity and work performance.

When you set goals, it’s important they motivate you and there is value in achieving them. Set goals that relate to the high priorities in your life. Goal achievement requires commitment, so to maximize the likelihood of success, you need put in effort and have “can do” attitude.

Maintain passion about your goals

Being passionate about your goals keeps you energised and inspired. Passion about your goals will also help you persevere when times get tough and when you feel like giving up.

Track your progress

If you want to stay motivated, track your progress. If you see that you are on track or even excelling every time you check your development, you will be motivated and pleased that you are getting there. If you see you’re lacking on accomplishing your goals, it may be the kick start you need to help get you back on track.

Fight against fear

Refrain from worrying too much about failure. Think of your catastrophes as an opportunity to learn and grow. Success often requires many failed attempts. Don’t dwell on failure; continue working towards your goals.

Give yourself breaks

It enhances your performance: When an

Motivation helps you manage your time more effectively. For example, highly motivated people are organised, and they assign set times in their schedules to different tasks, setting themselves a deadline to complete each one. Motivation inspires others: It is an attractive trait that encourages others to make things happen in their own life. Motivation builds your confidence: Lack of motivation leads to lack of confidence. People that lack confidence are generally scared to move out of their comfort zone and try something new. If you don’t take risks, you’ll have a limited chance of success. Motivation helps you to become committed: When you are driven, you are more committed to achieving your goals. It increases your energy levels: When you are motivated, your entire body is pumped with adrenaline to help you complete the goals that you have set for yourself. Motivation enhances self-development: As you set yourself personal goals and you reach them, you’ll feel more inspired to push yourself further and achieve greater things. It helps you grow as a person and strive through setbacks and fears.

Sometimes even the most determined people get overwhelmed. You may be burning yourself out, and a much-needed break might be just what you need.

Don’t be too hard on yourself

If you fail to meet your goals for the week, take it as a lesson. Try to complete your next target before time, so that you can use the saved time to complete the pending work.

Eliminate your distractions

Identify and avoid anything that is causing you to procrastinate. You can’t become motivated if you’re careless of your time.

|PR OFESSION EDITION 11 JUNEJUNE | PROFESSIONAL

WELLBEING

SECRETS TO GOOD HEALTH Most secrets to avoid getting sick arenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t secrets at all, but common sense. For example, you should know to avoid contact with bacteria and viruses at school and work. Luckily, a whole host of other feel-good solutions can help you feel and live healthier.

OUR TOP 5 SECRETS Keeping your hands clean is one of the most important steps we can take to avoid getting sick.

Exercise reduces stress and the release of stress-related hormones such as cortisol. Keeping fit plays a vital role in building and maintaining strong muscles and bones.

Washing your hands regularly and thoroughly with clean water and soap is an effective way to protect yourself against bacteria and viruses.

Exercise can be a real energy booster for healthy people, as well as those suffering from various medical conditions.

Washing and bathing are the most important ways of maintaining good health and protecting ourselves from infections and illnesses.

3 BALANCED DIET

1 PRACTICE GOOD HYGIENE

Maintaining cleanliness is also important for our self-confidence, physical and emotional well-being.

2 EXERCISE Being active has been shown to have many benefits, both physically and mentally.

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Fruit and vegetables are part of a healthy, balanced diet and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important you eat enough of them. They provide nutrients vital for health and maintenance of your body. Most fruits are naturally low in fat, sodium, and calories. Green, leafy vegetables are rich in vitamins that help you maintain a balanced diet and support a healthy immune system.

4 GET ENOUGH SLEEP Sleep plays a vital role in good health and well-being throughout your life. Getting enough quality sleep is important as it helps protect your mental health, physical health, quality of life, and safety. During sleep, your body is working to support healthy brain function and maintain your physical health. In children and teens, sleep helps support growth and development.

5 HAVE A POSITIVE ATTITUDE Positive thinking helps with stress management and can even improve your health. Positive thinking lowers levels of depression and increases your psychological and physical wellbeing.

WHY TAKE BREAKS

Something as easy as a 5-minute walkabout break every hour can improve your concentration, health and well-being.

HAVE YOU EVER BEEN CONFUSED BY A PROBLEM, DECIDED TO TAKE A BREAK, AND THEN LATER FOUND THAT THE ANSWER CAME TO YOU IN A BURST OF INSPIRATION? If so, you know the power of strategic breaks to refresh your brain and help you see situations in better ways. Breaks reduce mental fatigue and help us stay concentrated. Taking a break boosts productivity and creativity. Working for a long period of time without breaks leads to stress and exhaustion. Going for a break refreshes the mind, replenishes your mental resources, and helps you become more creative.

THE IMPORTANCE OF BREAKS Breaks restore motivation, especially for long term goals. By briefly taking your mind off the goal, this helps renew and strengthen motivation. They are an opportunity to develop social skills and are a great way to switch tasks and do something for your personal growth. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Movement breaksâ&#x20AC;? are essential for your physical and emotional health: Physical movement boosts health. Getting up from your chair to walk, stretch, do yoga, or whatever activity you prefer can reduce the negative health effects from too much sitting. Just a 5-minute walkabout break every hour can improve your health and well-being. Breaks prevent employee burnout: Taking regular breaks is an effective way to keep tabs on your own wellbeing and maintain a steady flow of efficiency.

WHAT TO DO Change your scenery Go for a walk or have a stretch. Focus on healthy eating Eat food that is healthy and will give you an energy boost. Have a nap Taking a short 20-minute increases your alertness improves your performance.

nap and

Socialise Using your breaks to interact is great for collaboration and engagement. Talking to other people also helps clear things on your mind. Encourage positive energy During your break, do something to generate positive feelings, since these emotions are energising and improve efficiency. Relax Sometimes to use your break effectively, all you need to do is relax.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 13

COPING WITH MENTAL HEALTH POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD)

With Mental Health Week just gone, more people should be reflecting on the hardship of having a mental illness. Mental health affects 1 in 10 young people and 70% of them do not receive effective intervention. It’s time that more people were made aware of mental health and how to deal with it.

magine yourself peacefully going to sleep in your toasty bed with your soft duvet pulled up to your chin. The absolute serenity you feel as you slowly drift off into a deep slumber. Imagine all the dreams of going on adventures through make believe worlds, flying high in the sky and racing with the birds, meeting the queen and going for afternoon tea whilst being waited on hand and foot. Lots of wonderful dreams. Until the sky turns grey, the drizzle falling onto your head quickly turns into a storm and the leaves have all dropped off the trees and onto the ground where the grass has just died… You start running through the once jewel-toned field of flowers trying to

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escape this nightmare and get back to your happy dream world. A lone door is stood in the middle of the field, you sprint the last stretch as the icy wind howls at you and the thunder roars above your head. Finally, you reach the door. Expecting to escape these treacherous lands, you open the door and walk through… Only to find yourself back in the same frightening land. The panic sets in, quick short breaths, feeling your body going numb. You fight through and run to the next door in front of you as the weather only gets worse. You rush through the next door only to find you’re exactly where you started. You continue running through doors repeatedly until finally, you give up. Stuck in a desolate wasteland filled with unimaginable horrors.

Now imagine living that everyday of your life. That is what it’s like for a lot of people with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. One minute you could be fine, but as soon as a certain smell, object, feeling or even person is brought to your attention, it can trigger bad memories causing PTSD.

WELLBEING

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder where a person has been through a situation that is extremely distressing and relives the memories through flashbacks or dreams. These can either be caused by ‘triggers’ of things or people that were around at the time of the traumatic event. When a trigger happens, many people with PTSD will react with fear and shut down from the outside world for a while. Something as little as a car door closing could flare up one’s PTSD. For some people, PTSD is life-changing and not in a good way.

WHO SUFFERS FROM PTSD? Absolutely anyone can have PTSD. It only takes one traumatic event to suffer from it. It is common in military personnel who have gone to countries in the middle of a war. PTSD has risen to 6% in the last couple of years in both men and women serving in the army. However, it’s not just military personnel that can have PTSD; victims of violent acts such as domestic violence, rape, physical or verbal abuse, women postchildbirth, civilians that experience war and even emergency responders who witness terrible scenes. Anyone can suffer from PTSD.

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SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENTS FOR PTSD For many people, symptoms of PTSD can occur as soon as the trauma is over. For others, it can take days, weeks, months or even years before symptoms of PTSD start showing. It usually depends on the person and how they deal with it rather than the severity of the traumatic situation.

ARE THERE TREATMENTS FOR PTSD? Yes, PTSD can be treated, just not overnight. One way to treat PTSD is by doing cognitive behavioural therapy. This is a form of therapy where a therapist helps the person with PTSD to change their train of thought through numerous therapy sessions. In the end, this helps the victim overcome the things that are stopping them from getting better. Another way would be by going through a type of exposure therapy. This involves talking to a mental health professional and discussing the traumatic event to try and get the victim to overcome their PTSD.

SYMPTOMS OF PTSD CAN INCLUDE: Reliving the traumatic event in their heads. Being highly alert constantly. Severe anxiety and depression. Avoiding reminders of the traumatic event. Panic attacks. Physical pain. Substance abuse. Suicidal tendencies.

Support groups can help the victim to come to terms with the situation and it also provides comfort. They are usually led by mental health professionals and have groups of around 4 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 12 people. Listening to other victims of PTSD can help them deal with it as well as gain confidence and feel like they are not alone. PTSD is extremely hard to overcome. Constant flashbacks and nightmares make it difficult for anyone to cope with. However, with the right support and therapy, it will become easier over time. Eventually, a door will open and lead into a happier, brighter place.

REMEMBER: IT WILL BECOME EASIER OVER TIME

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YOUâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;RE NOT ALONE HELPLINES For non-judgemental support

ANXIETY UK

MIND

SAMARITANS

CALM

Charity providing support if you have ben diagnosed with an anxiety condition.

Promotes the views and needs of people with mental health problems.

Confidential support for people experiencing feelings of distress or despair.

Campaign Against Living Miserably, for men aged 15 to 35.

03444 775 774 www.anxietyuk.org.uk

0300 123 3393 www.mind.org.uk

0800 58 58 58 116 123 (free 24 hour helpline)

www.thecalmzone.net

www.samaritans.org.uk

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 17

COPING WITH MENTAL HEALTH ANXIETY

Lots of people can get anxious every now and then. If there is a big exam coming up, a medical test or even a job interview, many people tend to get nervous and anxious during or before the event. However, there are some people that have a more severe kind of anxiety. Some people struggle to control the apprehension they feel so much so, that it starts to affect their daily lives. For some, anxiety can make a person really struggle to do basic things that people without anxiety would consider being a normal part of life.

WHAT CAUSES ANXIETY? The exact root cause for anxiety isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t fully understood yet. Medical professionals believe that there are several factors that could contribute to a person having anxiety. One of these being high activity in certain areas of the brain that are involved with behaviour and emotion. When your brain is running overtime, it can cause you to change the way you behave or feel. Thus, spurring feelings of anxiety. If a person has gone through a traumatic experience such as abuse, then they would be more likely to develop anxiety. Abuse sticks in the brain as a painful memory, it can cause over-thinking, chronic stress, poor self-esteem, poor confidence and nervousness. These symptoms all relate back to anxiety. However, anxiety can also be inherited through genes from your parents. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s estimated that you are 5 times more likely to develop anxiety if a relative has anxiety.

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SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY Feeling nervous and/or tense a lot of the time Difficult to control breathing and/or hyperventilating Feeling tired Trouble thinking about anything else Trouble sleeping Tremors Racing or pounding heart Cannot control the worrying Sweating

WELLBEING

TIPS ON MANAGING ANXIETY MEDITATE

Meditation helps to slow racing thoughts, making it easier to manage anxiety.

WRITE

Finding a way to express anxiety can make it feel more manageable. Writing down your thoughts and feelings helps you cope better.

EXERCISE

Regular exercise burns off anxious energy.

TALK

Talking to someone you trust about what’s making you anxious could be a relief. It may be that just having someone listen to you and show they care can help.

SLEEP

Sleep can give you the energy to cope with difficult feelings and experiences.

EAT

Eating regularly and keeping your blood sugar stable can make a difference in your mood and energy levels.

Anxiety is a vicious mental illness that can affect anyone. If you think that you might have anxiety, then seek support from family and friends or go to your GP. Your GP will be able to give you more advice on how to treat it – either through professional therapy, medication or they’ll give you information on how to relieve the symptoms yourself. No one should face anxiety alone.

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It’s hard being a student whilst working. Lots of people have been there and seen the struggles first hand on how difficult it can be. In your first year especially, it can be very tempting to immerse yourself in university life and completely forget about work. However, developing good work habits now rather than later will be very beneficial to you once you complete your degree.

Balancing Study and Work Here are 3 tips and tricks on how to balance work life and uni: Organise your time! Being efficient with your timekeeping works wonders when you’re struggling to keep up with both university and work. You must remember that the 6 or so hours that you spent in class during secondary school isn’t the same as how much time you will spend working on your degree. University is harder so don’t squander away the precious hours that you could use to study. At the same time, you need to have a look at how many hours you can commit to working a job. Being strapped for cash isn’t the greatest when you must pay for rent, food and any studying equipment. In fact, studies show 84% 20 www.careersuk.org

Dealing with stress! of university students have financial worries. However, it isn’t possible to manage 40 hours a week and still be able to make time for classes, studying and a social life. Look for part time work instead, ideally between 10 - 20 hours to properly balance everything out. When you start your job, make sure to let your manager know that you go to university and make them aware of your schedule. The last thing you want is to be doing more hours than you intended to do or be working when you should be in class!

If you’re working a job and attending university then things can start to become incredibly stressful. Trying to keep up with studying whilst keeping your boss happy with you is difficult; we know this, and many people have been there. However, there are many ways you can deal with this. The first being to not leave important work the night before a deadline. It’s crucial that from the moment you receive an assignment, you plan everything out straight away. Planning out assignments, whether they are essays or physical projects means that you will understand the amount of work there is to do and will have an

estimate of how long it will take to complete. It is incredibly important that you plan your work out effectively. By doing this, you will be able to organize the time you put into the assignment with the time you will be putting in at your job. It’s always a good idea to allocate slots during the day for when you are going to be working on it. To summarise this point; plan, plan, plan. With regards to work, it’s always best that you let your manager know if you have any important assignments that have specific deadlines. That way, they will more likely be lenient when you need to change your shift times or maybe even give you less hours, so you can concentrate more on your university and in return, feel less stressed. Last of all, always remember to take care of yourself. There are only 24 hours in a day and running around here, there and everywhere will only make you burn out. Learn that it is okay to unwind and relax every now and then to stop stress from creeping up. If you are still finding it difficult to deal with, then consider visiting your universities student services and have a chat with them.

Prioritise the important things! As you will be paying thousands for each year you spend at university, you will want to get your moneys worth, right? So, try to prioritise attending classes and studying. But hang on, you also have a job? Well that certainly needs prioritising too. Yet what about your social life? You must go out, have fun and see friends! It is understandable. It’s hard prioritising things that are important to you. But you need to have a look at what is the most important thing at a specific point in time. If you’re getting close to exam season, then it’s time for your social life to take a backseat. Keep the parties and socialising for after all your exams are over and get studying. You will thank yourself later when you get the grades that you were hoping for. As for your job, it is going to be a hard to prioritise university over work. Obviously, your job is important; it keeps you afloat financially. As the previous points stated, talk to your manager about your exams and let them know your schedule. Hopefully, they will take into consideration that you are a student and will need to focus on your exams. As you can see, work and university can be hard to balance if you are not sure on how to do it. But by using these 3 pointers, it should become easier for you to work out a schedule that fits you. Try these tips out for yourself and see the difference it makes to your work/studying schedule!

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 21

WHAT TO EXPECT FROM A GRADUATE SCHEME A graduate scheme is one of the best ways to kick-start your career. Joining a graduate scheme is a great way to gain practical work experience and provides you with the practical skills you need to help fast-track your career. Not only does a graduate scheme work as a great entry-level position for anyone recently out of university, the experience involved will also allow you to figure out what career path to follow â&#x20AC;&#x201C; whilst giving you the essential expertise you need to get there.

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CHANGING DIRECTION

Here are 6 points on what to expect from a graduate scheme: 1. Training and Support Graduate Schemes are designed to deliver training and support and develop the essential skills needed to thrive at work. This ranges from training sessions on communication and confidence, to one-on-one mentoring.

2. Qualifications Many graduate schemes offer the opportunity to gain professional qualifications, such as a Master’s, PhD, or an industry-recognised course, whilst you work.

3. Job Security

Graduate schemes are usually offered on a fixed term basis, lasting between one and three years. This means you’ll be able to benefit from a high level of job security, in a role that allows you to learn and grow at the same time. As graduate schemes are designed to train graduates, the structure of the scheme means you’ll become fully qualified and experienced to pursue more advanced opportunities.

4. Improved Career Prospects With graduate schemes offering a range of learning and development opportunities, you’ll be able to boost your career progression and employability skills.

5. Opportunities Graduate Schemes are available in a range of industries and professions. They involve a variety of roles, contract lengths, benefits and salaries, so you won’t be limited on choice.

6. High Earning Potential Graduate Schemes offer rewarding salaries, especially the big businesses. Graduate starting salaries can be influenced by many factors including company, location and sector.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 23

BUILDING CONFIDENCE Confidence is feeling assured about yourself and your abilities. It’s important for positive social interactions, performing well in school, and advancing your career. Being confident helps us prepare for life’s experiences. When somebody is confident, they are more likely to tackle hurdles well and progress quicker. Individuals with low confidence are less likely to reach out to people and try new things. A lack of confidence really can hold people back from reaching their full potential.

1 2 3

Engage in positive self-talk Positive daily affirmations help you to be more confident: turn your “can’ts” into “can”. Take a few moments before you go to work or school to look at yourself in the mirror and say something encouraging to yourself. You can either say something that you believe about yourself or something that you would like to believe about yourself.

Maintain a positive support network Connect with those close to you, whether they are family or friends, to keep your perspective uplifted. Take some time to think about which people in your life really make you feel great. Make a goal to spend more time with people who are supportive and uplifting.

Identify your talents Everyone is good at something: discover the things you excel and focus on your talents. Find something you enjoy and cultivate a talent to go with your interest. When you’re following your passion, you feel unique and accomplished, which builds your confidence.

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4 5 6

Achieve your goals Confidence is built on accomplishment. If you achieve small and big goals, you’re going to feel much better about yourself. Begin with your day-to-day goals, what do you need to accomplish today?

Visualise where you want to be Visualisation is the technique of seeing an image of yourself that you are proud of, in your own mind. When we struggle with low self-confidence, we have a poor perception of ourselves that is often inaccurate. Practice visualizing a positive version of yourself, accomplishing your goals.

Acknowledge and challenge your negative thoughts Negative thoughts are common in all people, but they may be even more common if you lack confidence. It is important to acknowledge and challenge any negative thoughts that you have in order to be confident.

7 10TIPS 8 9 10

Monitor your progress The best way to reach your goals, big or small, is break them into smaller goals and to monitor your progress. Monitoring your progress helps you stay focused and boosts your confidence as you see your performance improving.

Identify situations that affect your confidence Many people have triggers that affect their confidence in negative ways. Try to identify the situations and places that seem to have a negative effect on how you feel about yourself. Being aware of these situations may help you to better address the way that they make you feel.

Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t compare yourself to others

Everyone has their own qualities and talents that make them unique. Focus on yourself and establish your own identity: you will always know who you are. Spend some time to reflect on your values.

Take care of yourself Exercise, healthy food, rest, and relaxation are all important components in boosting confidence. By taking good care of yourself, you are sending your mind signals that you deserve to be taken care of. Make sure that you are devoting enough time to meeting your basic needs for exercise, food, sleep, and relaxation. When you look good, you feel good.

| PROFESSIONAL EDITION 25 JU N E | UJUNE N IVE RSIT Y & C OLLE GE E DITION

MANUFACTURING, ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY Aerospace - 3,147 Automotive - 414 Construction - 7,905 Engineering - 32,802 Manufacturing - 15,139 Science - 2,841 Renewable Energy - 754 Oil and Gas - 2,602 Utilities - 12,095 IT - 29,362 TOTAL: 107,061

HEALTHCARE Healthcare - 45,638 Nursing - 8,481 Pharmaceutical - 72 TOTAL: 54,191

THE U CURR VACAN BY SEC

EDUCATION & PUBLIC SECTOR Education - 14,119 Graduate - 11,378 Teaching - 13,603 Social Work - 20,092 Public Sector - 2,155 Charity - 5,100 Apprenticeships - 13,091 TOTAL: 79,538

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ACCOUNTING, BANKING & FINANCE Accountancy - 10,298 Banking - 5,044 Finance - 8,485 Insurance - 8,484 Legal - 4,354 TOTAL: 36,665

JOB MARKET

ARTS & MEDIA Creative - 484 Leisure - 210 Media - 4,495 Telecoms - 2,821 TOTAL: 8,010

UKâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S RENT NCIES CTOR

HR & ADMIN Administration - 20,486 HR - 11,052 PA - 2,306 Management Consultancy - 22,136 Temporary - 26,657 TOTAL: 72,687

SALES, MARKETING & RETAIL Advertising - 7,348 Call Centre - 7,171 Customer Service -37,628 FMCG - 3,470 Logistics - 6,699 Marketing - 15,250 Sales - 44,955 Recruitment Sales -24,418 PR - 3,150 Property - 11,849 Retail - 15,162 Wholesale - 992 TOTAL: 178,092

HOSPITALITY, TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS Catering - 15,244 Hospitality - 10,870 Travel - 1,170 Tourism - 246 Transport - 19,069 TOTAL: 46,599

PROFESSIONAL EDITION 27 JU N E |JUNE U N IVE|RSIT Y & C OLLE GE EDITION

DON’T LET YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA STOP YOU FROM GETTING INTERVIEWS

Social media is great for posting pictures, sharing things with friends, looking at memes and watching funny videos. However, social media is also where embarrassing pictures from Saturday nights drunken fun at the bar get shared by your friends which YOU get tagged in. That’s not great when it just so happens that the day before you just sent off loads of job applications. It’s no secret that employers tend to rout out your social media profiles to see if you are as professional as you seem on your CV. In fact, over a third of job applications get denied because employers don’t like what they see on the potential candidates’ profiles. SO, DO YOU NEED HELP RE-ORGANIZING YOUR SOCIAL MEDIA PROFILES? THEN READ ON TO FIND OUT HOW!

BE THOROUGH

media accounts, access the settings

Go through your Facebook,

section and change them so that

Instagram, Twitter and any other

friends are not allowed to post or

social media accounts you may

share anything onto your profile.

have and check through every single post. If you have any photos

GOOGLE YOURSELF

that may be considered as vulgar,

By googling yourself, you’re able to

sexually explicit, rude or just

see any stray posts or old accounts

downright inappropriate, then you

that you don’t want potential

must delete them. That also goes for

employers to see. Remember that

likes, comments, shares or retweets.

blog you used to have? It may be old and forgotten about by you,

CHANGE YOUR SETTINGS

but the internet remembers. Other

If you know your friends are prone

people can still access it and read

to posting embarrassing pictures

everything on there. Deactivate any

that could jeopardize your chances

old accounts that you find whilst on

of getting an interview, change

your search.

your settings. Go to all your social 28 www.careersuk.org

UPDATE YOUR LINKEDIN

with other professionals and share

Now that you have cleaned up your

appropriate business content. Keep

social media accounts, it’s time to

it professional.

update them. LinkedIn is extremely useful to show potential employers

EXHIBIT YOUR SKILLS

that you are professional and worth

As your social media may not be

the time for them to interview you.

as full as it once was, now is as

If you don’t already have a LinkedIn

good a time as any to showcase

account, make one.

any special skills or talents you may

LinkedIn will usually be the first-place

have. If the vacancies you are

employers look at to find out what

applying for are in the art field, post

you’re like in a professional manner.

pictures of your paintings, drawings

Make sure that your career history is

or graphic designs. You want to

completely up to date with your last

convey to any potential employers

job being the most recent. Look at

looking at your social media that

your CV and check that the job titles,

you have the skills to do the job or

dates and job descriptions match

are willing to learn and trying hard

what is on your profile. You don’t

at it.

want employers having a copy of your excellent CV only to find your

The option of just making all your

LinkedIn profile says that you were

social media accounts private is

working for a different company at

viable. However, some employers

the last job you had.

prefer to see that you actively use

Lastly, remember that LinkedIn

social media as it shows that you

is not a regular social media

are in tune with the modern world

platform for you to share pictures

and all the technology that is in it.

of family outings and Christmas dinners. Use it to communicate

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 29

20 MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED INTERVIEW QUESTIONS Wouldn’t it be great if you knew exactly what questions a hiring manager would be asking in your job interview? While we unfortunately can’t read minds, we’ll give you the next best thing: a list of the 20 most frequently asked interview questions.

1 CAN YOU TELL ME A LITTLE ABOUT YOURSELF? This question seems simple yet so many individuals fail to answer it correctly. This question is not an invitation to recite your entire life story: It’s your chance to pitch the hiring manager on why you’re the right candidate for the job. Start off talking about 2-3 accomplishments you are proud of and the skills and experience you have gained.

2 HOW DID YOU HEAR ABOUT THE POSITION? Your response to this question should be kept short: something along the lines of “I found it on (wherever you found the job), and since I’ve been hoping to work for the company for a long time, I was excited to see the opening had become available.

3 WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE COMPANY? Any candidate can read and repeat a company’s ‘About’ page. So, when interviewers ask this question they aren’t trying to observe whether you understand their goals- they want to know if you care. Start with one line that shows you understand the company’s goals, using a couple key words and phrases from the website, but then go on to make it personal. Say, “I’m personally drawn to this mission because…” or “I really believe in this approach because…” and share a personal example or two.

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4 WHAT ARE YOUR STRENGTHS? This question is an open invitation for you to talk about your skills and accomplishments and to show how you match the employer’s values and requirements. Demonstrate your unique value as a candidate by identifying key strengths and then match them to the requirements and skills that are needed to carry out the job.

5 WHAT ARE YOUR WEAKNESSES? This is the interview question that nobody likes, but you should still be prepared for a well-thought-out answer. When answering this question, think about something that isn’t a strong skill, but think about it back in the past. Talk about how you’ve taken steps to overcome it or worked hard on performing well and mention that you still are working to improve.

6 WHY DO YOU WANT TO WORK FOR US? When interviewers ask this question, they want to learn about your career goals and how the position you are applying for fits into your plan. Make sure you are interested in the job and will be motivated to perform well if hired. Your answer should demonstrate your knowledge of the company and the skills, talents, experience and strength you have.

JOB MARKET

10 WHY SHOULD WE HIRE YOU?

7 WHAT SKILLS CAN YOU BRING TO THE ROLE? This interview question is one likely to make you think about the skills and experience you already have. Think about what skills you could contribute to the new role. These might consist of the standard required skillset for the position. To ensure you stand out from other job seekers attending the interview, make sure the examples you choose are relevant to the role and reflect you in a positive and professional light.

8 WHAT IS YOUR GREATEST ACCOMPLISHMENT? When the interviewer asks you this question, this is your opportunity to talk about your proudest achievement. They want to know what sets you apart from other candidates to get a better sense of what you’ve done and what you value. Make sure you are comfortable talking about yourself and your work in a positive, natural way that conveys confidence.

9 WHERE DO YOU SEE YOURSELF IN 5 YEARS? Interviewers ask this question as they want to understand more about your career goals. They are interested in your career goals as they want to hire someone who is motivated and proactive. This question should get you thinking about where the position you’re applying for could realistically take you and think about how that aligns with some of your broader professional goals.

Don’t just talk about why the company would be great to work for; talk about how the position is a perfect fit for what you hope to accomplish, both short-term and long-term. Quote the aspects of the job that you like and explain why it matches with your career path and your expectations.

11 TELL US ABOUT A CHALLENGING SITUATION AND HOW YOU OVERCAME IT For this question, the interviewer is testing your ability to be resilient and cope under pressure. Your answer should focus on a work-related issue, explain clearly the measures you took to overcome the problem. This question gives you the opportunity to demonstrate how you can use your initiative and act with integrity. Don’t fall into the trap of criticising your company or colleagues and trying to present yourself in a superior light. This will come across as unprofessional and arrogant.

12 DO YOU ENJOY WORKING AS PART OF A TEAM? You should answer that you do enjoy working as part of a team, but also that you aren’t afraid of taking on individual tasks, either. You want to show that you can indeed be a great team member and collaborate well with others to produce results. However, you also want to emphasise that you value the opportunity to share your own input.

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15 CAN YOU PLEASE EXPLAIN THE GAPS IN YOUR RESUME? Having a gap on your resume won’t necessarily prevent you from being successful through the interview process. But potential employers will expect an explanation. Take the time beforehand to work out how you can address the gap in a way that projects confidence and positivity. You want to be truthful without going into unnecessary detail. A basic template for your answer could be: “I [reason you were not employed]. During that time, [what you did during the gap]. Returning to work was one of my priorities during the period and I’m ready to do that now.”

13 WHAT ARE YOUR SALARY EXPECTATIONS? Employers ask about your salary expectations to get a sense of whether they can afford you. They might also ask you this to see how much you value yourself and the work that you do. By doing some research and preparing an answer ahead of time, you can demonstrate to the employer that you are flexible with your salary, but that you also know what you are worth. Your answer can be something along the lines of: “My salary expectations are in line with my experience and qualifications.” Or, “If this is the right job for me, I am sure we can come to an agreement on salary.”

14 HOW WOULD YOU DEAL WITH CONFLICT? In asking this question, the interviewer wants to get a sense of how you would response to conflict. Focus on talking about how you would handle the situation professionally and productively, and wrap up with a happy ending, like how you would come to a resolution or compromise.

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16 WHY DID YOU LEAVE YOUR PREVIOUS POSITION? This can be a challenging question to answer. Keep things positive — you have nothing to gain by being negative about your past employers. Show the interviewer that you are eager to take on new opportunities and that the role you’re interviewing for is a better fit for you than your last or current position.

17 HOW DO YOU HANDLE CRITICISM? Mention the positive aspects of criticism and think of an experience you had where it was useful to get criticism. Your answer should be along the following lines: “I always think that it is important to get feedback on how I am performing so that I can improve my work.

JOB MARKET

18 WHAT ARE YOUR HOBBIES? Interviewers ask this question to see if you are a well-rounded person who will fit in with the company culture. Employers want to know if you are passionate about certain things. Your response should be honest and brief. You could mention your hobbies include: Exercise and Healthrelated activities, Volunteering and Community participation and Professional Development.

20 DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS?

19 WHAT DO YOU BELIEVE MAKES A GOOD TEAM LEADER? This is a difficult question as most people will have different ideas about what makes a good manager. If you’re applying for a managerial role, or if you might progress into one, you’ll need to show a good understanding of the most important qualities to manage people effectively. Setting realistic goals, giving constructive feedback and providing support to team members to help them build their skillset are all good examples of excellent management qualities.

Always answer “Yes” to this question. You’re there to find out information about your employer as much as they’re there to find out about you – and the more details you know, the better you’ll be able to ascertain your suitability for the job. You’ll need to be just as prepared once the tables turn. Here are some questions you could ask at an interview: • What are the skills and experiences you’re looking for in an ideal candidate? • What training programs are available to your employees? • Are there opportunities for advancement or professional development? • What are the company’s plans for the future? • When can I expect to hear from you?

SHOW THE INTERVIEWER THAT YOU ARE EAGER TO TAKE ON NEW OPPORTUNITIES. JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 33

10 OUT-OF-THE-BOX QUESTIONS INTERVIEWERS MAY ASK YOU Sometimes, interviewers like to ask questions that are not your typical, everyday interview question. It can be puzzling as to why they do this, but worry not, we’re here to explain to you why that is and what kind of “outside the box” questions you could be asked. The simple answer as to why interviewers ask them is because they’re trying to see what sets you apart from the rest of the crowd. Anyone can answer a “why do you want this job?” question as it is probably the one everyone rehearses the most. However, questions that must make you think creatively shows the interviewer that you have personality and, in some cases, shows the way you think.

10 OUT-OF-THE-BOX QUESTIONS INTERVIEWERS COULD ASK 1. What weighs more; 100 tons of feathers or 100 tons of cement? Answer: They weigh the same. Most people would say cement because obviously cement weighs more than a feather. But as they both weigh 100 tons, neither one is heavier. This question is used to determine whether you listened to the full question and how good your listening abilities are.

2. If a movie were made about your life so far, what would it be called? This is used for the interviewer to find out more on your accomplishments and merits. It also determines what kind of work ethic you have and whether you can separate your personal life from your work life.

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3. If you were alone in a dark cabin, with only one match and a lamp, a fireplace, and a candle to choose from, which would you light first? Answer: The match To light the fireplace, candle or lamp you would need a match to light them first. This question is supposed to induce critical thinking and shows the employer that you are not just giving your opinion of what should be lit first but that you have genuinely given thought and analysed the question before answering.

4. What has been your biggest failure and who was responsible for it? Interviewers will be looking for open and genuine answers rather than something that sounds like it is being made up on the spot. Take your time and think of something that you know you failed at and it explain it honestly. If the person that was responsible for the failure was you, then own up to it

and talk about it. Owning up to failures shows responsibility and proves that you are courageous and have integrity. The answer you have to this question will show a lot about your personality.

6. 10 years into the future and your name in plastered on the front page of every newspaper. What would the story be about? The key to answering this is to be creative. It could be because you flew over the world in a hot air balloon or you have climbed every mountain the world. Make sure your answer sounds creative, ambitious and interesting.

7. What’s one of the biggest risks you’ve taken? Try not to tell them about anything illegal or danger related. It doesn’t make you sound like a good candidate to hire and will most likely jeopardize your chances of getting the job. Instead, talk about any leadership

JOB MARKET roles that you might have had to play in the past where as a leader, you had to take calculated risks. Or point out any work experience you may have done that was out of your comfort zone. This will show the interviewer that you are proactive in your roles and willing to try things that you may not feel overly comfortable doing.

8. There are a dozen eggs in a carton. Twelve people each take a single egg, but there is one egg left in the carton. How? Answer: The twelfth person to take an egg did not take the egg out of the carton. Instead, they took the carton with the egg. This question challenges you to break the regular pattern of thinking by making you think outside the concept that has already been

given to you. Employers want to be able to see people that can challenge themselves to break outside of patterns they’re so used to.

be asked for by an employer. The trick is to stay confident and believe in what you say. Stick to your guns if they question you about why you chose something in the office to change.

9. Describe the colour yellow to someone who can’t see. It is incredibly tricky to describe colours; especially when we use colours to describe other things. This question is supposed to test how big your vocabulary is whilst seeing how well you can communicate. To answer this question, you need to use very rich and creative descriptors. Tune into the five senses – touch, taste, smell, sight and sound.

10. What would you change about our office? This question allows the interviewer to see if you’re not worried about giving opinions on things you wouldn’t usually

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 35

PREPARING FOR

ASSESSMENT CENTRES WHAT IS AN ASSESSMENT CENTRE? An assessment centre is a combination of tasks and activities that test your suitability for the job. It gives you the chance to demonstrate a wider range of skills. Assessment centres generally last from an afternoon to two days. However, some assessment centres require overnight stay: this is usually arranged by the employer.

WHAT HAPPENS AT AN ASSESSMENT CENTRE? Assessment days can be held anywhere from the employer’s offices to a hotel or training facility. You work both individually and as part of a group on a variety of exercises including: • Group discussions • Presentations • Case studies • Written tests • Social events • Role play • Psychometric tests • In-tray exercises

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JOB MARKET

EXAMPLE OF AN ASSESSMENT DAY Assessment centres vary in length and style. An example of a day at an assessment centre is: 09.00 - Arrival and introduction 09.15 - Employer presentation and group exercise 10.00 - Psychometric tests 11.30 - Individual task: In-tray exercise 12.45 - Lunch 13.45 - Group exercise: Case study 14.45 - Assessment interviews 16.15 - Individual presentations 17.15 - Evaluation 17.30 - Finish

HOW YOU ARE ASSESSED Employers don’t just assess you against job competencies; they also aim to ensure that you’re the right fit. Key skills that employers look for include: Analytical thinking Communication Teamwork Time management Adaptability Creativity Organisation Negotiation Leadership

ASSESSMENT CENTRE TIPS • • • •

On the day, eat a good, healthy breakfast Maintain a friendly and polite manner Join in on group discussions Ensure that you understand the requirements of each task • Don’t dwell on any mistakes, instead concentrate on performing well in the next task • Put your talents and skills into practice

HOW TO PREPARE As with interviews, good preparation is essential. Before the assessment day, it's important that you: • Identify which skills, interests and experiences the employer is looking for by revisiting the job description • Research the company/organisation • Review your CV and application form • Give yourself time to complete and practise any material that you've been asked to prepare • Practise potential exercises with a friend or family member • Choose your outfit the night before and get plenty of sleep • Plan your journey and aim to arrive at least 15 minutes early JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 37

INTERVIEW DRESS CODE How you dress for an interview makes a difference. First impressions matter and dressing up shows that you put some effort. The first judgment potential employers will make, is based on how you look and what you are wearing. Therefore, it’s important to dress professionally for a job interview. Hint: Dress in a manner that is professionally appropriate to the position for which you are applying. Follow our tips to look your best!

Try shopping around for a not-so-standard formal blazer. Forget the stuffy same old two-button black blazer and find something more unique. Consider a lapel-less version, or a blazer in a bright block colour and pair it with an interesting patterned blouse underneath.

Bla ze rs A simple, chic dress can look smart, understated and can also mean you only have to worry about the dress and the shoes. Tip: don’t overdo it with the perfume, you don’t know what your interviewer will make of it.

Less I s M o re There are plenty of wonderful colours out there, so potentially stray away from your go-to navies and black’s. This will lighten up your outfit, and the mood you emanate.

Mix I t Up Update your interview attire with items of clothing that have something slightly different about them, and pair them with other pieces that have different textures or colours. Mixing it up adds dimension to your outfit.

Texture If you’re applying for a job with a more relaxed dress code, such as a new or creative company, don’t feel obliged to don the pencil skirt and polo shirt. Show off your personality, by focusing on feeling comfortable as well as looking presentable.

Be Yo u

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JOB MARKET

Don’t want to put too much thought into your office attire? Then this one is for you. Invest in a collection of high-quality, interesting blouses and shirts that will easily go with a pair of cigarette trousers, midi skirts or suits.

Gr ab- and- Go

If you’re feeling ready to make the leap to a suit, commit to it. Try out a suit in a bold print or colour, that is both fashion-forward as well as dapper. Accessorise with a pair of statement earrings and slip-on leather loafers.

Sta n d O u t

The brilliant thing about jumpsuits is that they can be dressed up or down, depending on what you wear them with. For example, you can’t get more office luxe than with a black collared jumpsuit worn with a pair of black leather backless heels and some elegant embellished earrings.

O ne-Pie ce

If the job you’re going for is on the creative side, it might be a good idea to opt for a more casual look. Achieve this by swapping the suit trousers for a pair of smart, dark jeans. Avoid the just-out-of-bed look by choosing well-tailored pieces that aren’t distressed or sloppy. You can’t go wrong with an oversized, stripy top, high-rise jeans and smart trainers.

Fr e n ch C h i c

Stay away from anything that shouts you’re trying too hard because this can be distracting. You want to look like you’ve made an effort with clean, crisp clothes that fit well and are impactful and powerful. Show your personal style without being too loud.

C lean & Cris p

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 39

INTERVIEW DRESS CODE When going to an interview, making a good impression is very important- not only by how you present yourself but by how you look as well. Clothing plays a big part in the interview process. So, follow our tips on how to dress for a job interview and get ready to play dress up.

A FORMAL SUIT AND TIE Where to Wear It: Bank, investment institution or law office. These working environments are for the most part on the more moderate side, so a classic suit is the best way to go.

A BL AZER, OXFORD SHIRT AND DRESS SL ACKS Where to Wear It: Corporate office, sales organisation or in an educational institution. This go-to suit is an appropriate outfit option for a business casual workplace. Business casual workwear is varied, so you can stick with the workwear essentials like dress slacks or dress shirts. Ties are optional.

A BUTTON-DOWN SHIRT AND CHINOS Where to Wear It: Creative ad agency, a tech start-up. Lose the tie and pick a jacket, printed conservative shirt and chinos. Not feeling a second layer? Include enthusiasm with a conversational print in your shirt or pair impartial catch ups with a chino in a cool shading.

POLO AND TWILL PANTS Where to Wear It: Restaurant interview, non-fashion retail, service or repair company. At even the most casual environment, leave the jeans and gym sneakers at home. A button-down or polo and chinos for an interview at a more laid-back office, while still casual, is a sign of respect and shows that you put some thought into preparing for your interview.

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JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 41

HOW TO MAXIMISE YOUR POTENTIAL IN A NEW ROLE 7 TIPS TO MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR NEW JOB BE COMPETITIVE

To maximize your full potential, you need to have a competitive spirit. This means challenging your bestself each and every day. Your objective should always be the pursuit of excellence in everything you do.

SET GOALS

Goal setting is a powerful process for thinking about your ideal future, and motivation to turn it into reality. It is a process that starts with careful consideration of what you want to achieve. If you want to succeed, you need to set goals. Without goals you lack focus and direction.

IDENTIFY YOUR STRENGTHS

You need to figure out what you are best at, as these are things where you have the most potential to excel. We perform better in doing things we are interested in and enjoy.

COMMIT

To maximise your potential, you must be committed. In order to be truly committed, you must find a purpose in what you’re doing. If it’s something that you are truly passionate about, it is easier to maintain a high level of dedication.

MAKE MISTAKES

ADJUST YOUR PERCEPTION

Learning how to grow from your mistakes every day is an important factor in maximising your potential. It shows that you are able to use those downfalls as lessons for the future, and in the end, go further.

Don’t think of your mistakes as failures: accept failures as learning experiences. Failure should be thought of as an opportunity for learning. Take valuable insights from every error you make and apply it to your future endeavours.

To maximise your potential, be confident about your ability. Look at what you have achieved so far and believe in yourself that you have the capacity to do SELF-BELIEF more. Having a positive mindset is a useful way to improve or boost your confidence levels. 42 www.careersuk.org

Everybody has dreams, goals and aspirations with a diverse range of strengths, weaknesses, and personality traits. It’s often difficult for people to know their true potential because they haven’t yet uncovered their purpose. There is always room for growth and improvement and there are many ways to accomplish your goals.

HOW TO EFFECTIVELY DELEGATE TASKS The term ‘delegate’ means assigning the responsibility to do something, such as a task or project, to an individual. Normally a manager delegates to an employee or individuals.

Delegating tasks is a common practice among business owners and managers as it allows them to focus on more impactful tasks that require their full attention. Delegation keeps your team challenged, helps them to build new skills and feel like they’re having a greater impact on the business as a whole. Learning how to delegate effectively is the key to leveraging yourself. There are 3 elements to consider and assimilate when deciding to delegate. 1. AUTHORITY When work is assigned to individuals, authority has to be delegated in order for the task to be completed. The authority must be equal to the responsibility. 2. RESPONSIBILITY Managers should be clear and specific when delegating tasks as it helps individuals to understand why they have been given this responsibility. Managers must retain control and authority as they are still responsible. 3. ACCOUNTABILITY This is the process of checking whether individuals perform their responsibilities in the correct manner and to the expected standards. The manager in the company must accept the consequences of actions and decisions.

B.A.L.M. METHOD BREAK Break the goal down to specific tasks. Make a list, in order of importance, of all the tasks to be completed. ANALYSE Analyse and make a list of the various abilities required to perform the tasks you have listed. LIST List the members of the team and identify each individuals capabilities and specific individual skills. MATCH Match the individuals to the tasks that need to be done and assign the right person to the right task.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 43

BECOMING THE BEST LEADER YOU CAN BE Leaders constantly wonder how they can improve their leadership and management skills. Having effective guidance and organisation skills results in better financial results.

HERE IS OUR ADVICE ON BECOMING THE BEST LEADER. COMMUNICATE Strong leaders communicate effectively, as it is an essential tool in achieving productivity and maintaining strong, lasting work relationships at all levels of an organisation.

LEAD BY EXAMPLE Your actions should be portrayed as the expectations of your employees. Demonstrate behaviour that you want people to follow.

COURAGEOUS Leaders are bold and take on challenges. They build their organisation and contribute their role by developing managers.

LEADERS INSPIRE They inspire themselves and others to achieve their best. A leader creates a path forward with people using curiosity to hear ideas from their perspective.

MOTIVATE Leaders encourage and engage their team to work hard. Managers motivate and maintain performance.

LEADERS ARE TACTICAL They run the day-to-day operations of the company.

GET TO KNOW YOUR EMPLOYEES It’s important that you get to know your employees on both a professional and personal level, as you can learn something from them which can help you become a better leader. 44 www.careersuk.org

LEADERS ARE VISIONARY They’re strategic and set the forward direction of the company.

KEY NOTES • Leaders and managers acknowledge when work of high standard has been produced and praise staff by telling them they’ve done a great job. • Managers train their employees on what to do and how to do it; building competency and specific skills for a particular role or profession. • Leaders develop their people personally and professionally, through continued learning and expanding knowledge for long-term growth and progression.

HOW TO RESOLVE CONFLICT IN THE WORKPLACE Healthy workplace relationships are essential to the success of any business or organisation. When there is conflict in the workplace, other employees are affected as well as the business.

TIPS FOR EMPLOYERS • Don’t assume situations will resolve themselves: when conflict is brought to your attention, it is past the point of resolving itself. • Train employees on teamwork skills. • Train managers in conflict resolution techniques so they are able to handle situations.

• Have clear discipline and dispute procedures. • Set clear expectations as to what behaviour is not tolerated in the workplace and enforce these expectations. • Take conflict as an opportunity to learn and grow.

TIPS FOR EMPLOYEES Talk Acknowledge the conflict and the individuals involved in the situation. Listen Avoid interrupting one another, and listen to what the other person has to say instead of retaliating. Find an agreement Trying to agree demonstrates your willingness to find common ground. Perhaps you can agree that each individual needs to do something to resolve the issue. Forgive Apologise for your wrongdoing in the conflict.

Develop a plan Once you have talked over the problem, propose possible solutions. Follow the plan Each individual must follow through the solutions that were agreed upon. KEY NOTES • Ask questions to clarify your understanding. • Participate and discuss ways to stay accountable. • Focus on the future and how you can respond better.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 45

TIPTOP

TEAMWORK CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE TEAM To remain competitive, employees must work closely together and collaborate effectively across the company to accomplish tasks. The key to having a successful business is having an effective and productive team. When companies have well rounded teams they tend to do very well which makes them effective and well known amongst other businesses. COMMUNICATION

to assist others. Teams are often

respect towards one another in the

The foundation of an effective team

more productive when offered

workplace, a sense of fairness is

is good communication. Teams that

support.

established.

and projects in a quicker and more

DIVERSE TEAM MEMBERS

LEADERSHIP

efficient amount of time. Effective

Individuals from diverse

Effective teams have a strong

communication is one of the vital

backgrounds can offer a selection

leader, who has the ability to

keys to success.

of different talents, skills

inspire and motivate the team. A

and experience, that benefit

strong leader earns the respect of

the company and their work

fellow team members.

communicate well complete tasks

SUPPORT It is important each individual in

performance. Effective teams

a team supports one another, so

consist of individuals with a wide

TEAMWORK

that the team are successful when

range of qualities and assets.

Teamwork creates synergy-

reaching a goal. A team is effective

RESPECT

when team members are happy

An effective team respects one

team is greater than the input

another. When colleagues show

of individual efforts. Operative

where the combined effect of the

teamwork enables your workforce to split difficult tasks into simpler ones, then work together to complete them faster and develop specialised skills.

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MAKING THE BEST OF YOUR TEAM Working as a team is significant for the success of a business. When incorporating teamwork strategies, you become more efficient and productive. A teamwork environment promotes an atmosphere that fosters friendship and loyalty. This motivates employees to work harder, co-operate and be supportive of one another. COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY

CLARIFY PURPOSE

In order to be able to function as an efficient team,

Ensure each individual in the team understands

you need to develop effective team communication.

the overall goal and achievement of the business.

Effective communication will help a business

Involve each team member in making decisions.

maintain a positive work environment.

ESTABLISH TRUST

RECOGNIZE YOUR TEAMâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S VALUE Acknowledge good work and recognise resulting

A team strongly relies on trust in the skills of one

achievements: consider rewarding employees for

another to guide them to success and trust in the

accomplishing goals, contributing to innovation and

processes and systems. Being able to rely on other

helping recruit new talent.

people builds confidence and establishes strong relationships with co-workers.

SUPPORT A strong team environment is essential for the

TRAIN AND DEVELOP YOUR TEAM Training and developing your team makes them more productive and engaged.

success of any business. During challenging

EVALUATE TEAM PERFORMANCE

times, rely on each other for support and guidance:

Asses the progress that is being made and provide

everyone has different strengths and knowing you

feedback to help individuals improve and grow.

can count on your team members to fill in your missing gaps helps reduce stress and improve productivity.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 47

HAVING AN EFFECTIVE IMPACT ON YOUR TEAM The ability to simultaneously perform as an individual and within a team is key to attaining growth and success. Having an effective impact on your team is important for positive, highly motivated teams.

Clearly define team goals

Communication is a good way to

which knows exactly what the

members. Effective communication

towards achieving these are

understand their roles and the

defining these goals and helping

team. Teams that communicate

in achieving the right outcomes

quicker and more efficient amount

An effective team is one

demonstrate value between team

goals are, so that key steps

also allows team members to

followed. Taking the lead in

roles of everyone else on the

the team to understand their role

effectively complete projects in a

reinforces effective leadership and

of time than others.

management. Build Trust

Incorporate Team Building Exercises

Trust is the foundation to success.

Team building exercises improve

relationships between individuals,

individuals get to know each

to work together effectively and

boost team productivity &

Fostering trust establishes strong

workplace performance and help

provides teams with the ability

other. Team building exercises

improves work performance.

communication.

Communicate

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Support Network

To make an effective impact on

your team, build a striong support network. It is important to support each other in a team so that

everyone can reach their goals. Offer Feedback

Feedback helps your team avoid

major mistakes by creating a clear

and honest flow of communication. You should value the feedback provided as it helps adopt new

techniques and avoid repetitive

mistakes. Constructive feedback

motivates people and boosts their performance.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 49

PROFESSIONAL INSIGHTS INTO 13 DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES

READ ON FOR INSIGHTS INTO... • • • • •

The professional qualifications required for each industry Relevant example job roles A day in the life of each profession Salary information Career prospects

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PURCHASING & SUPPLY CHAIN

WHAT PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ARE NEEDED TO WORK IN THE PURCHASING AND SUPPLY CHAIN INDUSTRY? Vacancies in the Purchasing and Supply Chain industry are open to all, but it’s common to hold a degree, an HND (Higher National Degree), or a foundation degree in a relevant subject such as: Supply Chain Management Business Management Computing Information Systems Transport, Distribution or Logistics

There are postgraduate degrees available in transport planning, supply chain management and logistics. Qualifications through the Chartered Institute of Procurement and Supply (CIPS) or the Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (CILT UK) might be necessary to advance your career. CIPS run qualification and training programmes equipping new students with the knowledge and skills needed to practice proficiently, successfully and confidently.

SALARY Starting salaries for supply chain managers are between £20,000 and £25,000. With increased responsibility and managerial duties, salaries can increase to between £25,000 and £45,000. Larger companies may pay more and advancing will depend on experience. Middle to senior managers can earn up to £60,000. Top executives and directors, at the most senior level, can earn more than £100,000 annually.

CAREER PROSPECTS As a supply chain manager, you can enter the industry in a variety of career pathways. There are entry opportunities at age 16-18, as well as a wide range of graduate trainee roles. From here, you can progress across all sectors to senior management and to board level. The sector is characterised by career pathways that lead directly to senior management roles for those who have the right skills and determination.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Level 2 Qualification: GCSEs (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6: Degree Apprenticeship, University Degree, Foundation Degree, HND, Intermediate Professional Qualifications Level 7: Masters Degree, Institute Membership - CIPS, CILT.

BECOME A PURCHASING & SUPPLY CHAIN PROFESSIONAL A purchasing and supply manager, a business service buyer, or procurement professional purchase goods and services and take a strategic approach to business goals. Whatever the organisation needs – whether it’s raw materials for manufacture, obtaining marketing services or getting more profitable agreements in place, it is their responsibility to get the best goods, at the best price, while maintaining good relationships with suppliers in a sustainable and ethical way.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A PURCHASING & SUPPLY CHAIN PROFESSIONAL Your tasks will vary depending on which sector you work in, but typically include: • Deciding what goods, services and equipment is needed • Monitoring and forecasting stock levels • Researching and identifying new products and suppliers • Assessing tenders from potential suppliers • Negotiating prices and agreeing contracts • Making sure that suppliers deliver on time • Processing payments and invoices • Keeping up with market trends • Managing and motivating a team of supply chain staff • Improving the overall supply chain performance and look for any possible innovations to the process • Implementing new technologies and staying alert to new trends in the sector. JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 51

HUMAN RESOURCES

WHAT PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ARE NEEDED TO WORK IN THE HUMAN RESOURCES INDUSTRY? The Human Resources Industry is open to all graduates and those with a HND, the following subjects may be particularly relevant: • Business with Languages • Business or Management • Human Resources Management • Psychology Social Administration

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Level 2 Qualification: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4 Qualification: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6 Qualification: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND, Intermediate Professional Qualification Level 7 Qualifications: Masters Degree, Institute Membership - CIPD, CIPP.

BECOME A HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICER

Human Resources (HR) officers are responsible for hiring, developing and looking after employees. This involves functions such as training and monitoring performance. HR Officers develop, advise and implement policies relating to the effective use of staff in an organisation. The aim of their role is to ensure the organisation they work for employs the right balance of staff in terms of skill and experience, and that training and development opportunities are available to colleagues to enhance their performance and achieve the company’s business aims. HR officers are involved in a range of activities whatever the size or type of business. These cover areas such as: • Conditions of Employment • Equality and Diversity • Negotiation with External Work-Related Agencies • Pay • Recruitment • Working Practices.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICER HR Officers add value to the organisation they support and perform a broad range of duties. The exact nature of the work varies according to the organisation, but their day-to-day responsibilities include: • Recruiting, training and developing staff • Looking after the health, safety and welfare of all employees • Organising staff training sessions and activities • Monitoring staff performance and attendance • Negotiating salaries, contracts and working hours with staff and representatives • Assisting line managers to understand and implement policies and procedures • Undertaking regular salary reviews • Administering payroll and maintaining employee records • Preparing staff handbooks • Analysing training needs in conjunction with departmental managers. 52 www.careersuk.org

SALARY HR officers, or those working toward CIPD Level 5 Intermediate or above, earn in the region of £22,000 to £25,000. There are opportunities for progression and salary increases as you gain experience, particularly if you have a CIPD qualification. HR officers with experience can expect to earn above £25,000.

CAREER PROSPECTS Individuals are likely to begin their career in human resources by working in a general HR role. Many enjoy the breadth of this work and choose to remain in this environment or move into a more senior position with responsibility for several HR officers. In the longer term, HR managers may move into more senior roles within an organisation and be promoted to a HR director role, possibly as far as board level. Promotion depends on ability and career prospects are enhanced by completing the highest level of CIPD qualifications.

ENGINEERING

WHAT PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ARE NEEDED TO WORK IN THE ENGINEERING INDUSTRY? To get into engineering you’ll usually be required to have a degree. Relevant subjects include: Aeronautical engineering Agricultural engineering Computer-aided engineering Engineering science Manufacturing engineering Mechanical engineering Nuclear engineering

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3 - 4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6: Degree Apprenticeship, University Degree, HND, BSc (Bachelor of Science Engineering), Intermediate Professional Qualifications Level 7: Master Degree.

SALARY Starting salaries for mechanical engineers, and for those on graduate training schemes, are in the range of £20,000 to £28,000. With experience this can increase to between £25,000 and £35,000. At a mid-level for lead or principle engineers, salaries are around £35-£50,000. Senior positions, such as chief engineer, can earn £45,000 to £60,000+.

BECOME A MECHANICAL ENGINEER Mechanical engineers create solutions and solve problems, playing a central role in the design and implementation of moving parts in a range of industries. They provide efficient solutions to the development of processes and products, ranging from small component designs to extremely large plants, machinery or vehicles. Mechanical engineers need to be technically minded, able to demonstrate numerical and scientific ability and have problem-solving skills.

CAREER PROSPECTS Most careers in engineering lead to a senior position with responsibility for other staff or larger projects and budgets. If you’re required to lead teams or manage projects, developing people management skills will be helpful. Gaining chartered status (CEng) is a significant help in career progression this is proof that you’ve met a standard of experience and knowledge in the engineering profession. Once you have developed your technical skills, you can move into senior engineering posts, such as engineering director.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A MECHANICAL ENGINEER The day-to-day responsibilities of a mechanical engineer they perform are the following: • Analyse problems to see how mechanical and thermal devices might help solve the problem • Design or redesign mechanical and thermal devices using analysis and computer-aided design • Develop and test prototypes of devices they design • Analyse the test results and change the design as needed • Oversee the manufacturing process for the device • Monitor and commission plant and systems • Work with other professionals, within and outside the engineering sector • Manage projects using engineering principles and techniques • Research and develop products • Make sure a product can be made reliably and will perform consistently in specified operating environments. JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 53

ARCHITECTURE

WHAT PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS ARE NEEDED TO WORK IN THE HUMANITIES AND ART INDUSTRY? There’s a wide range of positions in the Humanities and Art industry. This creative industry provides you with an adaptable set of skills that can give you entry to a vast range of occupations leading in many career directions. It offers employment opportunities for Humanities and Art graduates who can particularly utilise their creative problem-solving abilities and expertise in connecting different ideas and concepts.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Level 2 Qualification: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4 Qualification: A-level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6 Apprenticeship: Degree Apprenticeship, University Degree, HND Level 7: Masters Degree.

BECOME AN ARCHITECT Architecture offers an inspiring and innovative career for those with the right technical and creative aptitude. An architect designs new buildings, extensions or alterations to existing structures, and advises on the restoration and conservation of old properties. Architecture offers an inspiring and innovative career for those with the right technical and creative aptitude. Architects work closely with clients and users, making sure that projected designs match requirements and are functional, safe and economical. Architects control a project from start to finish and work with several construction professionals, including surveyors and engineers. In addition to the professional experience required, any pre-entry work experience in an architectural, design or construction environment is desirable and highly regarded by recruiters. Architects should regularly practice drawing to enhance skills. Model-making skills are also an advantage. It’s important to take an interest in publications or TV programmes about buildings, and to keep up to date with the current trends in architecture and design.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF AN ARCHITECT • Discussing ideas, objectives, requirements and the budget of a project • Consulting with other professionals about design • Assessing the needs of a building and its users, advising the client on the practicality of their project • Keeping with financial budgets and deadlines • Producing detailed workings, drawings and specifications • Specifying the nature and quality of materials required • Preparing presentations • Negotiating with contractors and other professionals • Carrying out regular site visits to check on progress and ensure that the project is running on time and to budget • Resolving problems and issues that arise during construction • Ensuring that the environmental impact of a project is managed.

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SALARY The starting salary for an architect ranges from £1822,000. Individuals with experience can expect a salary rising to £25,000. A fully qualified architect, depending on experience, could earn between £32-45,000. At senior associate, partner or director level, an architect can expect to earn from £45,000 to £70,000.

CAREER PROSPECTS Gaining chartered membership of RIBA (Royal Institute of British Architect Studio) and undertaking agreed levels of CPD (Continuing Professional Development) are key parts of career development and will enable your progression into more senior posts. Architects who have demonstrated distinguished achievement in architecture with more than 5 years of chartered membership, may be awarded Fellow of RIBA status.

MEDICINE

YOU CAN MAKE A REAL POSITIVE DIFFERENCE TO PEOPLE’S LIVES BY PURSUING A CAREER IN THE HEALTH INDUSTRY.

In the Health industry, there are several specialities to choose to work in. Some of the common areas include: Anaesthetics Obstetrics and Gynaecology Paediatrics Psychiatry Trauma and Orthopaedics

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Medical degrees are available at undergraduate level (taking five years to complete) and graduate level, which typically takes four years. Entry into medicine is very competitive and your motivation and commitment are rigorously assessed. You may be required to complete the UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) or Biomedical Admissions Test (BMAT). The BMAT has two test dates, which fall in September and October. Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeships, HND Level 7: Masters Degree

SALARY Junior doctors in Foundation Year 1 (F1) earn a basic starting salary of £26,614. In Foundation Year 2 (F2) this rises to £30,805. A hospital doctor in specialist training starts on a basic salary of £36,461 and can progress up to £46,208. Once training is finished, speciality doctors can earn from £35-£70,000. Consultants earn a basic salary of £76,761 to £103,490 depending on length of service.

BECOME A HOSPITAL DOCTOR Hospital doctors work in many areas. They work at different levels from trainees to specialists to consultants. Being a hospital doctor is a rewarding but demanding role that will suit you if you enjoy caring for others, have good stamina and can work under pressure. To become a hospital doctor, you must complete: A degree in medicine, recognised by the General Medical Council (GMC) A two-year foundation programme of general training Specialist training in your chosen area of medicine

CAREER PROSPECTS Most hospital doctors aspire to become a consultant. As a consultant, you’ll be responsible for your own work and for supervising the work and training of all doctors on your team. You can apply for consultancy roles six months before you achieve your Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) at the end of your specialist training. You may need to wait longer than this though as extra experience and research is often needed for competitive posts.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A HOSPITAL DOCTOR Hospital doctors examine, diagnose and treat patients who’ve been referred to hospital by GPs and other health professionals. They apply their medical knowledge and skills to the diagnosis, prevention and management of disease. As well as treating patients, hospital doctors refer them to a range of other healthcare professionals. The day-to-day duties of a Hospital Doctor consist of the following: • • • • • • • • •

Monitoring and providing general care to patients on hospital wards and in outpatients clinics Admitting patients requiring special care, followed by investigations and treatment Examining and talking to patients to diagnose their medical condition Carrying out specific procedures, for example, performing operations and specialist investigations Making notes and preparing paperwork, both as a legal record of treatment and for the benefit of other healthcare professionals Communicating with other medical and non-medical staff in the workplace to ensure quality treatment Promoting health education Undertaking managerial responsibilities, such as planning the workload Carrying out auditing and research.

JUNE | PROFESSIONAL EDITION 55

A DAY IN THE LIFE AS A HOSPITAL CONSULTANT At Careers UK, we recently had the privilege of interviewing Dr Gurmit Singh, Consultant at Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, who delivers passionate care from the two hospitals: Calderdale Royal Hospital and Huddersfield Royal Infirmary. What inspired you to get to where you are today? I am originally from India where I did my primary and secondary school education; and went to medical school there. I was inspired by science, particularly biology, which has been my favourite subject and I was fascinated when studying the human body which is a marvel.

What were your key stepping stones? The first stepping stone was getting into the medical school. It was a big test of self-belief and academia as it is fiercely competitive in India to get into a medical school. It was immensely pleasing when I came to know that I was successful as it reinforces that self-belief in yourself which becomes a foundation to perform well. The next stepping stone was the process of coming to the UK and starting my Post-Graduate Medical Training. It was a long process of taking a pre-requisite theory examination in India and doing an OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) in the UK. The following key stepping stone for me was doing an unpaid Observer ship at an NHS hospital in the UK: this meant you should able to sustain yourself financially in the UK for at least a few months before one can secure a job. Another key stepping-stone for me was getting the desired MRCP (Member of Royal College of Physicians) degree following a series of theory and practical examination. This entitled you to progress to sub-specialty level training.

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s your biggest achievement? The biggest achievement so far has been the getting Consultant post in my current specialty, which is Gastroenterology (study of diseases of the digestive system and liver).

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PROFESSIONAL INSIGHTS be a doctor. I had 2 very close friends who chose a different career path, so I decided to follow them as I thought it will be great for all friends to be together, even though my heart was saying I should be applying for medicine. I did not get selected for the profession I had applied for, and in the process, lost a valuable year. This made me realise that one should follow their inner instincts rather than do what others are doing.

What career advice would you give someone who wants to move into your profession? The entry requirements can be tough and competitive; hence it is important to stay focused and do the required hard work. The training can be demanding, but once completed you

feel accomplished when you start treating patients yourself after the training. The work is not gloomy at all and there always will be challenges that make your work interesting. At the end of the day you will go home feeling you have helped make a difference.

Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s your most eccentric hobby or strangest quirk? I still like to watch cartoon shows and read comics that I used to during childhood e.g. still love to watch Tom & Jerry, love reading Asterix and Archie comics.

Did you always want to end up where you are now? Absolutely!

Why is this achievement important to you? It signifies the hard work that I had put in paid off and this fulfilled my lifelong ambition of becoming a specialist in the field that I have always enjoyed.

What life advice would you give young people? Follow your gut feeling/instincts. Stay focused on what you want to do. Clarity is extremely important. Have self-belief.

What was the hardest lesson you had to learn? The hardest lesson for me was prior to starting medical school. I had various options in front of me, but I wanted to

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INFORMATION & TECH

The IT industry covers many information technology-oriented organisations. It is currently an important industry for the creation of technology that will shape humanities future. It has become of the most robust industries in the world. IT has an increased productivity and is a key driver of global economic growth. A technology career provides you with long-term job security in today’s world. Experience and education in the information technology field, as well as keeping current on changes in the industry, makes you sought-after by employers.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS You can get into the IT industry without a degree: through an Apprenticeship Programme, and work your way up through Technician, Engineer and Manager levels. To get onto an Apprenticeship Programme you will need to have 5 GCSEs (A-C), including Maths and Science. Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND Level 7: Masters Degree, Institute Membership: Institute of Analysts and Programmers, Microsoft Certificate.

BECOME A SOFTWARE ENGINEER Software engineer jobs combine highly complex, technical work with computer science and mathematics. Software Engineers work in a constantly evolving environment, due to technological advances and the strategic direction of organisations. They create, maintain, audit and improve systems to meet needs, often as advised by a systems analyst or architect, testing both hard and software systems to diagnose and resolve system faults. The role also covers writing diagnostic programs and designing and writing code for operating systems and software to ensure efficiency.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A SOFTWARE ENGINEER Software Engineers are responsible for designing, developing and maintaining software systems including operating systems, business applications, mobile and web applications, games, connected hardware devices, networking systems and more. The day-to-day duties of a Software Engineer are of the following: • • • • • • • •

Analysing user requirements Researching, designing and writing new software programs Evaluating the software and systems that make computers and hardware work Developing existing programs by analysing and identifying areas for modification Creating technical specifications Maintaining systems by monitoring and correcting software defects Consulting clients and colleagues concerning the maintenance and performance of software systems with a view to writing or modifying current operating systems Investigating new technologies

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SALARY Typical graduate software engineer salaries start from £18,000 a year. The average annual salary for a software engineer is between £25,000 and £50,000. At senior or management level, software engineers can earn £45,000 to £70,000 or more per annum. The exact salary you’ll receive is dependent upon the company, location and nature of your employer’s business.

CAREER PROSPECTS There are different levels of software engineering and promotion is usually dependent upon both your ability and experience. An entry-level post typically involves working under supervision, formulating the scope of, and objectives, for systems and designing code. Progression is mainly into management via team leadership roles, or to consultant via technical specialisation. Transfer between organisations for advancement is often possible.

LAW

Throughout history, societies have established systems of law to govern people. The Law industry directs what we can and cannot do. Laws play a central role in social, political and economic life and provides inspiring, intellectual challenges. Law firms have many employees besides attorneys. They employ legal secretaries, paralegals, interns, junior associates and partners, as well as employees responsible for maintaining the firm’s records, assembling legal documents and transporting files to courthouses and clients. Skills essential for law firm employees are as varied as their jobs. However, some basic qualifications are necessary to work in a law firm, regardless of the firm’s size, location or practice areas.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

SALARY Salaries for those undertaking pupillage (final stage of qualification for the Bar) must be no less than £12,000 per year, set by the Bar Standards Board (BSB). However, some chambers offer substantially more than this. Qualified barristers with five years’ experience can earn anything from around £50,000 to £200,000. For those with over ten years’ experience, earnings can range from £65,000 to £1,000,000.

CAREER PROSPECTS Challenges to career development for self-employed barristers may include long hours required to cover cases and hefty workloads. Because of this, career development is very much dependent on your cases, your approach to work and your ability to successfully build up a reputation. Getting involved with professional bodies such as the Young Barristers’ Committee (YBC), from an early stage can help to raise your profile and develop your professional skills.

Law firms have many employees besides attorneys. They employ legal secretaries, paralegals, interns, junior associates and partners, as well as employees responsible for maintaining the firm’s records, assembling legal documents and transporting files to courthouses and clients. Skills essential for law firm employees are as varied as their jobs. However, some basic qualifications are necessary to work in a law firm, regardless of the firm’s size, location or practice areas. Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND Level 7: Masters Degree, Institute Membership: LLM (Master of Law), LPC (Legal Practice Course).

BECOME A SOLICITOR This demanding, highly rewarding field requires an analytic mind, a logical approach and excellent attention to detail to succeed. Barristers are specialists in advocacy and representing individuals or organisations in court. They are generally hired by solicitors to represent a case in court and only become involved once advocacy before a court is needed. Barristers specialise in different areas of the law, such as commercial law, chancery law and environmental law.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A SOLICITOR Many barristers work on a self-employed basis, while others work in government departments or agencies such as the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) and the Government Legal Profession. • • • • • • • • • • • •

Following instructions from clients and their solicitors Understanding and interpreting the law Managing legal briefs (cases) Undertaking legal research into relevant points of law Writing opinions and advising solicitors and other professionals Preparing cases for court, including holding client conferences and preparing legal arguments Representing clients in court Presenting arguments in court Examining and cross-examining witnesses Drafting legal documents Negotiating settlements Carrying out auditing and research.

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MANAGEMENT

The Management industry is a great profession for individuals good at building strong connections. This industry provides you with the opportunity to implement the goals of a business and help build other individuals strengths and talents. An important institute for qualifications is the CMI (Chartered Management Institute). CMI qualifications provide a progressive framework that enables you to develop and broaden your management skills.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS • • • • • •

CMI offers qualifications from Level 2 [ideal for aspiring managers], to Level 8 [suited to C-level senior managers]. Levels 2-3: Designed for aspiring, supervisory or first line managers, Levels 2 and 3 offer a broad range of knowledge ranging from team leading to project and resource management. Levels 4-5: For mid managers, Levels 4 and 5 are more appropriate as they focus on developing core management skills such as managing resources, recruitment and information management. Levels 6-7: Levels 6 and 7 are developed for Directors and Senior Managers who have the responsibility to translate organisational strategy into effective performance. Level 8: CMI is the only organisation that offers Level 8 which is suited to C-level senior managers. More than 80% of managers say that a CMI Qualification is a key part of becoming a professional manager, and that transferring their new skills also improves the performance of the team.

BECOME A MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT Management consultants help organisations to solve issues, create value, maximise growth and improve business performance. They use their business skills to provide objective advice and expertise and help an organisation to develop any specialist skills that it may be lacking. The role of a Management Consultant is to identify options for the organisation and suggest recommendations for change, as well as advising on additional resources to implement solutions.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT Management consultants help businesses grow and improve their performance. Consultancy firms offer services across all areas of business – from HR and marketing, to IT and finance. The broad span of consulting work makes it an attractive career, offering a variety of projects, challenges and opportunities for personal development. The day-to-day responsibilities of a Management Consultant are the following: • • • • • • • • • • •

Carrying out research and data collection to understand the organisation Conduct analysis Interview the client’s employees, management team and other stakeholders. Run focus groups and facilitate workshops Prepare business proposals and presentations Identify issues and form hypotheses and solutions Present findings and recommendations to clients Implement recommendations or solutions and ensure the client receives the necessary assistance to carry it out Manage projects and programmes Lead and manage a team Liaise with clients to keep them informed of progress and to make relevant decisions.

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SALARY Starting salaries for junior consultants can be in the region of £25,000 to £30,000 with large firms. However, smaller consultancies may offer lower levels of pay and salaries do vary depending on the location, type and size of consultancy. With around three to five years’ experience, it’s possible for management consultants to earn up to £50,000. At senior level, with significant experience, it’s possible to above £80,000.

CAREER PROSPECTS As a new graduate you’ll usually begin your career in an analyst role. Once you’ve gained some experience, you’ll move on to the full consultancy role. From here you’ll typically progress to senior consultant or manager level, and this is usually achieved within about three years. Once you reach senior consultant or manager level, you can go on to become a partner or director of a firm where you’ll have responsibility for generating new business, developing client relationships and overseeing the strategic growth of the firm.

MARKETING

Elements of marketing exist in most businesses and across all sectors. Employees help clients to connect with their audiences, promoting brands, products and sending messages using a range of techniques. The Marketing industry covers fields such as: Management, Analytics, Product Design, Social Media Management, Advertising and many more. The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) supports, presents and develops marketers, teams, leaders and the profession. Whether you’re starting out or you’ve worked in the industry for over twenty years, the Chartered Institute of Marketing helps support and inspire you at every stage of your marketing career.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Achieving Chartered Marketer Status recognises your experience, knowledge and commitment to your career and the Marketing profession. It is the highest certificate you can be awarded.

SALARY Marketing assistants start on salaries of around £18,000 to £22,000. As a marketing executive, you can expect to earn in the region of £20,000 to £30,000. Senior marketing executives (with around five years’ experience) can earn between £30,000 and £45,000, with marketing managers earning up to £60,000. Marketing directors can earn from £60,000 to more than £80,000.

CAREER PROSPECTS Taking relevant professional qualifications can help your career prospects and is becoming essential for senior marketing roles. After 3 to 10 years you can expect a promotion to marketing manager, with a move to marketing director after 10 to 15 years. Gaining chartered status with the CIM can help provide evidence of your skills and experience. To increase your experience, you could move between inhouse departments or work in a marketing agency or consultancy for several different clients. There are also opportunities to become a freelance marketing consultant.

Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Foundation Degree Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND Level 7: Masters Degree

BECOME A MARKETING EXECUTIVE Marketing Executives contribute and develop integrated marketing campaigns to promote a product, service or idea. The exact nature of your role will vary depending on the size of the organisation and sector and whether the focus is on selling a product or service, or on raising awareness of an issue that affects the public. Marketing executives may also be known as marketing officers or coordinators. It’s a varied role that includes: Planning Advertising Public relations Event organisation Product development Distribution Sponsorship Research

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A MARKETING EXECUTIVE Create awareness of and develop the brand your marketing • Communicate with target audiences and build and develop customer relationships • Help with marketing plans. Advertising, direct marketing and campaigns • Support the marketing manager in delivering agreed activities • Work closely with in-house or external creative agencies to design marketing materials such as brochures and adverts • Write and proofread marketing copy for both online and print campaigns • Produce creative content • Organise and attend events such as conferences, seminars, receptions and exhibitions • Liaise with designers and printers and organise photo shoots • Maintain and update customer databases • Conduct market research • Develop relationships with key stakeholders.

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ACCOUNTING

Accounting is a fulfilling industry- whether you choose to work in the private or public sector. The skills of analysis, interpretation and adaptability are required to communicate accurate financial information, put forward realistic targets and drive business growth. A variety of finance qualifications are available to those interested in accounting careers.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS • • • •

AAT (Association of Accounting Technicians) accounting courses - made up of three qualifications across three levels, they combine industry knowledge and practical work skills. ACCA (Association of Chartered Certified Accountants) qualifications - comprise of two levels; Fundamentals and Professionals. Modules cover a variety of topics from corporate and business law to audit and assurance. ICAEW (Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales) chartered accountant status - also referred to as the ACA, this qualification consists of three to five years of practical work experience and the completion of 13 modules. CIMA (Chartered Institute of Management Accountants) business finance award - oversees the widely-recognised CGMA (Chartered Global Management Accountant), which requires you to have already gained the postgraduate-level Certificate in Business Accounting.

Many accountancy firms will accept qualifications from any board, but if you have a definite career path in mind it’s worth looking into the preferred qualifications of that specialism. Other qualifications: Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, AAT Level 5-6: Degree Apprenticeship, University Degree, HND, AAT Level 3 Level 7: Masters Degree, Institute Membership - AAT, ACCA, ICAEW, CIMA.

BECOME A CHARTERED ACCOUNTANT A Chartered Accountant gives advice, audits accounts and provides reliable information about financial records. This sometimes involves: financial reporting, taxation, auditing, forensic accounting, corporate finance, business recovery and insolvency, or accounting systems and processes. You’ll have the choice of many different settings to work in, including public practice firms and industry and commerce, as well as in the not-for-profit and public sectors. Working strategically, your aim will be to maximise profitability on behalf of your client or employer.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A CHARTERED ACCOUNTANT • • • • • • • • • • •

Managing financial systems and budgets Undertaking financial audits (an independent check of the financial position of an organisation) Providing financial advice Liaising with clients, businesses or individuals and providing financial information Reviewing the company’s systems and analyse risk Performing tests to check financial information and systems Advising clients on tax planning Detect and prevent fraud Prepare financial statements Advise on tax and treasury issues Negotiate terms with suppliers.

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SALARY Starting salaries for accountants vary depending on the location, sector, size and type of firm. Graduates entering the career can expect to earn salaries of up to £25,000. The average earning potential (salary + bonus) of chartered accountants with two to four post-qualification years of experience is around £56,000. After 5 or more years, the average annual salary for a chartered accountant in business rises to £90,200, with an average yearly bonus of £20,600.

CAREER PROSPECTS Progression is often structured and opportunities for development and promotion are plentiful. You may become a manager two years after qualification and a senior manager three years after that. Progress to partnership is competitive but is achievable between eight and 15 years after qualification. In small firms, progression may be more rapid. It’s possible to attain the position of finance director of a major company within 10 to 15 years of qualification.

FINANCE

The financial industry covers many types of businesses involved in managing money and plays a vital role in the world’s economy. The industry is vast and includes companies engaged in activities such as investing, lending, insuring, securities trading and issuance, asset management, advising, accounting, foreign exchange, and more. Many people study while working - many part-time and distance learning options are available in accounting, banking, investment management, insurance and risk management, and financial management and tax. For this industry, a Bachelors degree in finance or business is usually required.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Professional qualifications in finance - for example, CFA, ACT, CFP, CII - can open employment opportunities, while guiding you down a clearly mapped-out career path.

SALARY Typical starting salaries for entrylevel graduates range from £15,000 to £28,000. After five to eight years, salaries rise above £30,000. Salaries vary significantly according to the nature and size of the company and the location.

Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma, Apprenticeship Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND Level 7: Masters Degree

BECOME AN INVESTMENT ANALYST An investment analyst provides research and information to help traders, fund managers and stock brokers make decisions about investments. The information provided ensures investment portfolios are well managed and that potential investment opportunities are highlighted. Some analysts work for investment management companies, providing information to in-house fund managers: others work for stockbrokers and investment banks, where research is needed by portfolio managers or by clients who make their own investment decisions.

CAREER PROSPECTS

Some Investment Analysts are likely to research investments globally.

Within the investment banking sector new graduates tend to spend their first three years as analysts, after which the bank considers you for promotion to associate level.

Banks and large corporations Charitable organisations Life insurance companies Pension funds Wealthy individuals

General career development routes include: • Continuing your career as an investment analyst with the aim of becoming a lead analyst in a sector, perhaps starting with some of the smaller listed companies • Progressing into management, supervising others and taking on responsibility for an investment area or type of fund • Becoming a manager in charge of investment in a specific organisation, e.G. An insurance company or inhouse pension fund • Moving into investor relations.

Principle types of investors include:

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF AN INVESTMENT ANALYST Investment Analysts become involved in a broad range of activities and disciplines, which vary according to the nature of the employer. They should have a developed understanding of financial information, such as financial statements, company accounts and sector data. A day in the life of a Investment Analyst consists of the following: • Analysing financial information relating to specific companies, e.g. company results, profit and loss, balance sheet and cash flow statements to determine how an organisation is positioned to deliver for investors. • Keeping up to date with market developments, new investment products and other areas that can affect the market • Drafting and writing research reports for fund manager or client use. • Meeting with and providing information to fund managers- summary of research, investment ideas and key events • Making recommendations for fund managers. • Ensuring that all compliance regulations are met.

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SCIENCE

The Science industry makes a huge difference to the world by solving the problems of today and developing the technology of tomorrow. Working in this industry, you develop skills such as time management, patience , teamwork and communication. Although the Science industry is demanding, individuals are surrounded by others who are open-minded and want to make a difference.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS MSc - Master of Science A Master of Science degree (MSc) is a degree awarded at universities around the world for completion of graduate-level study in a science- or technology-related field. Enrolling in an MSc degree programme translates to making a significant investment in one’s professional career. In addition to the enhanced career prospects that can be gained by taking a Master of Science, valuable personal skills are developed. Biological and Life Sciences, Business, Engineering and Technology, and the Natural Sciences are the key academic fields of study that offer Master of Science degree programmes. Master of Science candidates must normally do independent research and present a thesis as a requirement for graduation. Other Qualifications: Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma Level 5-6: Degree Apprenticeship, University Degree, HND Level 7: Masters Degree - MSc, MEng, MChem

BECOME A BIOMEDICAL SCIENTIST A Biomedical Scientist carries out a range of laboratory and scientific tests on tissue samples and fluids to help clinicians diagnose and treat diseases and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments. The Biomedical Scientist profession requires strong analytic skills and practical laboratory experience. Biomedical scientists usually specialise in 1 of 4 areas: • Infection sciences • Blood sciences • Cellular sciences or genetics • Molecular pathology For example, some Infection Sciences include Medical Microbiology - identification of microorganisms causing disease and their antibiotic treatment and Virology - identification of viruses, associated diseases and monitoring the effectiveness of vaccines.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A BIOMEDICAL SCIENTIST • • • • • • • • • •

Perform routine and specialist analytic test on a range of biological samples Give test results to medical staff, who use the information to diagnose and treat the patient’s illness Process patient samples Prioritise workload and perform urgent analytic testing when required Maintain and run specialist lab equipment Maintain and order stocks of materials Answer telephone enquiries about test results and other general lab issues Support, mentor and supervise trainee biomedical scientists and other staff Keep professional knowledge up to date. v

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SALARY Starting salaries range from £22,000 to £28,000. With experience or specialist knowledge, a salary of £26,000 to £35,000 can be earned. The starting salary for a senior biomedical scientist salary ranges £31,000 to £48,000. Salaries for consultant biomedical scientists, who have reached the top of their profession, are higher.

CAREER PROSPECTS Opportunities for career development are generally good. Upon qualification, many biomedical scientists choose to specialise in an area of biomedical science and progress to senior and specialist roles. With further experience and qualifications, for example an MSc or PhD, it’s possible to reach the top of the profession by becoming a consultant biomedical scientist. Senior roles often involve managing a team or department within a laboratory or managing an area of service provision such as health and safety, quality management or service delivery. You may also become involved in advanced specialist scientific work, clinical research or training and education.

SOCIAL SCIENCES

The Social Science industry covers fields such as sociology, psychology, criminology, politics and many more. A career in the Social Science industry ensures you have plenty of learning opportunities and develops transferable skills such as communication, organisation, networking and team building.

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS British Psychological Society (BPS) The British Psychological Society is a representative body for psychologists and psychology and is responsible for the promotion of excellence and ethical practice in the social science industry. The BPS support and enhance the development and application of psychology for the greater public good, setting high standards for research, education and knowledge. Level 2: GCSE (5 C-A*) Level 3-4: A-Level, BTEC, Diploma Level 5-6: University Degree, Degree Apprenticeship, HND Level 7: Masters Degree, Institute Membership:

SALARY Trainee clinical psychologists start at £26,000. After qualification, salaries progress up to £31,000. More experienced clinical psychologists can earn between £48,000 and £55,000. Consultant clinical psychologist roles typically range from £56,000 to £79,000. Heads of psychology services can earn above £80,000.

BECOME A CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST A clinical psychologist is a mental health professional with highly specialized training in the diagnosis and psychological treatment of mental, behavioural and emotional illnesses. The aim of a clinical psychologist is to reduce the distress and improve the psychological wellbeing of clients, using physical methods and research. They work in partnership with clients to diagnose, assess and manage their condition. The patients may have a variety of mental or physical health issues, such as: Anxiety Depression Mental illness Adjustment to physical illness Neurological disorders Addictive behaviours

CAREER PROSPECTS You may choose to specialise in an area of clinical psychology such as: • Clinical health psychology • Forensic clinical psychology • Oncology and palliative care • Psychosis and complex mental health.

You must be registered with the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) to work as a clinical psychologist. This involves completing three years of postgraduate training leading to a Doctorate in clinical psychology, or equivalent, approved by the HCPC.

You’ll usually need a minimum of six years’ experience to be eligible to apply for consultant-level positions.

A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST

With experience, you may choose to move into clinical academic research and teaching. There are also opportunities to train as a high intensity therapist, providing cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to patients with complex issues related to anxiety and depression.

• •

•

• • • • •

Assessing client’s needs, abilities or behaviour using various methods, including psychometric tests, interviews and direct observation Monitoring appropriate treatment programmes, including therapy and counselling Working as part of a multidisciplinary team alongside doctors, nurses, social workers, health visitors, psychiatrists, occupational therapists and education professionals Offering therapy and treatment for issues relating to a range of mental health conditions Developing and evaluating service provision for clients Providing consultation to other professionals: encouraging a psychological approach in their work Counselling and supporting carers Carrying out applied research.

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TEST YOUR MENTAL SHARPNESS Give these riddles a go. [No peaking at the answers!] 1. Johnny’s mother had three children. The first child was named April. The second child was named May. What was the third child’s name? 2. A clerk at a butcher shop stands five feet ten inches tall and wears size 13 shoes. What does he weigh? 3. Before Mt. Everest was discovered, what was the highest mountain in the world? 4. How much dirt is there in a hole that measures two feet by three feet by four feet? 5. What word in the English language is always spelled incorrectly?

6. Billie was born on December 28th, yet her birthday always falls in the summer. How is this possible? 7. In British Columbia you cannot take a picture of a man with a wooden leg. Why not? 8. If you were running a race and you passed the person in 2nd place, what place would you be in now? 9. Which is correct to say, “The yolk of the egg is white” or “The yolk of the egg are white?” 10. A farmer has five haystacks in one field and four haystacks in another. How many haystacks would he have if he combined them all in one field? Our brain tends to jump to conclusions and sees what it wants to. These riddles force you to take a step back and doublecheck yourself. If you get into the habit of teasing your brain and start to switch up your thinking process and patterns, who knows what you could be capable of!

ZOOM IN FOR ANSWERS TO RIDDLES 1. Johnny. 2. Meat. 3. Mt. Everest. It just wasn’t discovered yet. 4. There is no dirt in a hole. 5. Incorrectly (except when it is spelled incorrectly). 6. Billie lives in the southern hemisphere. 7. You can’t take a picture with a wooden leg. You need a camera (or phone) to take a picture. 8. You would be in 2nd place. You passed the person in second place, not first. 9. Neither. Egg yolks are yellow. 10. One. If he combines all his haystacks, they all become one big stack.

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ANAGRAMS GALORE Can you work out the name of each river or country from the following anagrams? Name lengths are shown in brackets. [Note: An anagram is a word formed by rearranging the letters of another.

RIVERS

COUNTRIES:

1. TRUE SHAPE (9)

1. ULTRA ASIA (9)

2. POLO IMP (7)

2. BIG MULE (7)

3. IS GRIT (6)

3. COLD ANTS (8)

4. LINE (4)

4. NEAR GYM (7)

5. GET ZANY (7)

5. NICE LAD (7)

6. TRIBE (5)

6. SLENDER THAN (11)

7. HAS MET (6)

7. ANY ROW (6)

8. A UBEND (6)

8. A SNIP (5)

9. SUMO IRIS (8)

9. NEAR GIANT (9)

10. DRAGON IRE (3,6)

10. LIZARDS WENT (11)

SUDOKU

ZOOM IN FOR ANSWERS TO ANAGRAMS Rivers:

Countries:

1. Euphrates

1. Australia

2. Limpopo

2. Belgium

3. Tigris

3. Scotland

4. Nile

4. Germany

5. Yangtze

5. Iceland

6. Tiber

6. Netherlands

7. Thames

7. Norway

8. Danube

8. Spain

9. Missouri

9. Argentina

10. Rio Grande

10. Switzerland

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