Carmelo Marchese
26 September 2017
MONGOLIAN ENGLISH LESSON 7
Change the words to adapt to case: Nominative Latin, Romanian, Greek (modern and ancient), German, all Slavic languages they have a combined system to change the nouns in order to understand its grammatical role.
In most of the languages the case system has been replaced by the introduction of preposition like “of, to, with, in, at” etc.
In English the direct object it is related to the position of the words, In this way we can distinguish who is the one who is loving:
The meaning of: The father loves the child, it is clear i.e. the child is receiving father’s love.
In some languages, when the position of the words it is not so stringent and usually the direct object is equal to the subject then they were forced to use expression like:
Mongolian - English lesson
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Carmelo Marchese
26 September 2017
The father loves of the child, in this way you cannot create issue, no matter how you change the sentence, I.e. Of the child, the father loves.
Obviously if we are talking about inanimate object there is no issue.
The father loves the car, because a car cannot have feeling there is no issue.
In Mongolian we have 8 cases
Nominative: the case of the subject, it is the word as we can find in the dictionary. In our example:
Father -> аав
Child - > Хүүхэд
Car - > машин
To love-> хайрлах
Now let’s translate the sentence
The father loves the child -> аав нь хүүхдээ хайрладаг
The father loves the car -> Аав нь машинд хайрладаг
The child loves the father -> Хүүхэд нь аавдаа хайрлаг
As you can see because of the change in the ending of the word you can easily identify the subject of the action. The word is unchanged
Basic Words HELLO
САЙН УУ
SAIN UU
YES
тийм
Tiim
NO
Үгүй
Ugui
WHEN?
хэзээ?
Kezee?
WHO ?
хэн
Ken?
HOW
Хэрхэн
Kerken
WHAT?
юу вэ?
IUU VE?
HELLO
Сайн байна уу
Sain Bains uu
Mongolian - English lesson
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Carmelo Marchese
Mongolian - English lesson
26 September 2017
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