Carousel Collective - July 2017

Carousel

Collective

ISSUE 06 July 2017

the trotting trestle giveaway Winner announced in this issue

Equine Assisted Psychotherapy - A Closer Look

e v o l

live

Ride

rEGULARS 07 Editors Notes mostly

horse talk with a little bit of everything else inbetween.

cOVER sTORIES 37 Equestrian Fashion a look at the

equestrian fashion trends of 2017.

29 Equine Therapy a closer look at Equine

Assisted Psychotherapy and the benefits.

13 equi culture for your

monthly fix of everything and anything equestrian.

19 Events upcoming shows and equestrian events.

09 TrendBook this month it’s

CAROUSEL COLLECTIVE july 2017

CONTENTS

all about riding gear that’s pretty in pink.

FEATURES 11 Flying Changes one of the movements riders probably over think the most. This article explains how to ride a flying change.

47 Global Champions Tour a guide to the remaining venues and dates for the Longines Global Champions Tour before the grand finale in Doha in November.

u o y t a h w e liv

follow us

3 | Carousel Collective July 2017

ON THE COVER Model and Horse: Stock Image

Meaningful Minds Psychologists

Clinical Psychology Practice | Equine Assisted Psychotherapy | Psychological Services for Children, Adults and Couples

www.meaningfulminds.co.za 081 759 4849 | 011 615 1030

Carousel Collective | Editor’s Notes |

h t n o m s thi oving... i’m l This month I’m loving the Ariat Olympia breeches.

I bought a pair in mocha and I’m really impressed with the comfort and quality, compared with other breeches i’ve tried in this price range.

Ariat gives the Olympia’s gold for the highest level of technology, optimal performance and style.

Issue 6 already, it’s hard to believe that we just started the Carousel Collective in February of this year.

The Olympia’s are classic looking breeches that are great quality and perfect for everyday riding.

We have a very special issue in the dreamworks, it’s something that’s definitely a first, it’s also very different and super exciting...

We are going to be dedicating an entire issue to you and your horses. To be apart of this issue all you have to do is send us your photo’s and share with us what you love about your horse and being an equestrian. One lucky participant will be chosen to grace the cover so make sure you send us your best and favourite photo’s.

We’ve really been enjoying the Longines Global Champions Tour and we love the fact that you can livestream the events wherever you are in the world. On pages 47 to 50 we look at the remaining venues and dates.

This issue we also take a look at the 2017 equestrian fashion trends, 6 pages of gorgeous equestrian gear, looking at all this stuff definitely had us looking for excuses to go on an equestrian shopping spree.

Until the next issue Happy riding.

izzy Xx 7 | Carousel Collective July 2017

You can purchase the Ariat Olympia breeches from WesternShoppe

connect with us on @carouselcollective

@carouselcollective

available to download at caroco.co.za

Carousel Collective | Trendbook |

9 | Carousel Collective July 2017

If you love the colour pink then this month’s trend book is just for you.

Kitting your horse out in pink is loads of fun, especially if you have a mare.

Pink is at its prettiest when paired with either Grey, navy blue or chocolate brown.

The darker pinks look great on dark bays and steel greys and the lighter pinks look great on chestnuts and light greys.

caroco.co.za | 10

Flying Changes Flawless flying changes happen when we focus on the preparation and then allow our horse to perform the change without interference

Think back to the last time you were cantering along on your horse and a change of rein was coming up. You began the task of preparing to drop back a gear into trot to change the canter lead; better than losing rhythm and balance through a flying change. However before you even got there, your horse (being the clever guy that he is) decided to take matters into his own hands and with what felt like a skip, Voila, he had performed the flying change all by himself…

The flying change is one of those things that we tend to, as riders, over think in our heads. However the simple truth of the matter is that flawless flying changes happen when we focus on the preparation and then allow our horse to perform the change without interference from us in the saddle.

A flying change is when your horse changes from one canter lead (let’s use right canter lead for this example) to the left canter lead without having to return to trot to do so. It is essentially a ‘skip’ or suspension mid stride during which your horse will change the sequence of his footfalls resulting in him swapping leads.

Before you begin working on flying changes it is important to make sure you and your horse are ready. You should be both capable of riding balanced canter, moving with your horse as he moves and have an independent seat when cantering. You should also be able to tell, by feel, what leg is where underneath you as your horse canters. This is important for timing the change correctly. Your horse must have sufficient strength for a balanced, rhythmical canter, during which he is truly straight. He must also be responsive to your aids, waiting for ‘further instructions’ from you throughout the canter. It is also an advantage if both of you can correctly lengthen and shorten your strides while cantering, maintaining impulsion, rhythm and balance while doing so.

Asking your horse to perform a flying change before he is physically and mentally ready can result in confusing him and even training him to only half perform the change, changing only in front rather than in front and behind. If your horse is not quite ready yet, perhaps he does not have enough physical strength, you can still use the following exercises in walk and trot to build up to a flying change later.

As I mentioned before, the preparation of the quality of the canter leading up to the flying change is vitally important to ensure a clean change. This simply means that your horse’s changes both his front and back legs to the new sequence of footfalls for the new canter lead at the same time.

Investing your training time in this preparation will ensure a clean change when you do eventually ask for it.

‘The timing of the aids for flying change is also essential and in order for your horse to have enough time to receive your signals and then to act accordingly, you must ask for the flying change at the right time.’

11 | Carousel Collective July 2017

The correct time is just before the inside front leg or leading leg touches down on the ground in the canter stride. This is the 3 in the 1,2,3 beat of the canter. This is why being able to tell what is happening underneath you at any given time throughout your time in the saddle is so important to clean, balanced transitions and changes.

I suggest beginning your work on a 15m circle on the left rein in walk, mimicking your position as it would be in canter. by practicing in walk, you can begin to condition your body to respond in the manner you desire at the correct time.

Your inside leg (left leg) will be on the girth, your outside leg will be slightly behind the girth. Your inside seatbone (left seatbone) will be slightly in front of your outside seatbone and your inside shoulder (left shoulder) will be slightly behind your outside shoulder. You will have a consistent contact through your outside hand and your inside hand will be soft and offering, so as your horse’s inside shoulder can move forward in the canter stride.

Now, as you are on the circle, choose a place where you can at an imaginary X, straighten for 3 strides before tracking right onto a 15m circle to the right. Don’t move onto the circle initially, but be aware of where the X is as you are riding.

Beginning planning your ‘change’ by noticing the foot falls. If necessary, glance down to your horse’s shoulder and to make sure you are indeed ‘asking’ when your horse’s front inside (in this case left) shoulder is moving forward and preparing to touch down on the ground.

‘I suggest building to this by riding a few half halts, as you would when you canter and then at the desired place, begin straightening your horse just as the inside front leg reaches forward and quickly and quietly swap your inside to your outside and vice versa.’

Work on moving your legs and hands first, and then following with your seat and shoulders. Your legs and arms will help straighten your horse through the ‘transition’, while your seat and shoulders will then shift as your horse makes the change, following along with his movement.

Work on this a few times in walk and then begin working in trot. Change rein on the circles if necessary to ensure your horse does not become bored. When you feel you are in control of your body, you can pick up canter on the circle.

As mentioned before, the quality of the canter is vitally important, so ride some transitions and also lengthen and shorten the canter on the circle to help engage your horse’s hind quarters.

If your horse has a tendency towards a flat canter, you will have to work on adding more ‘bounce’ into the canter in order to perform a clean flying change. Again, transitions up and down between canter, trot and walk as well as within the canter gait itself will help with this. Also, remember to use your half halts to help rebalance and engage the hind quarters.

Once you feel your canter is of good enough quality, you can begin again planning the change of rein from one circle to the other however you are going to initially ‘gear down’ to walk or trot in order to change canter lead.

‘Take the time to ensure your horse does not lose balance and also that you are not shuffling or shifting your weight in the saddle while your horse is in the area around X.’ Pay attention to asking your horse to straighten before asking for the canter on the new lead. Once you have ridden this a few times, using the walk or trot as a catalyst between canter leads, your horse will begin to anticipate what is happening. Use this to your advantage.

Prepare the canter and, making sure you are timing it correctly, make the changes and ask for the flying change. It should be a clean ‘strike’ which will feel like a skip underneath you. Work on then maintaining the rhythm of the canter on the new lead as you continue around the circle.

Once you have mastered the flying change between circles, you can begin working them into other areas of your schooling. Canter down the centre line and again, at X ask for the flying change. This is particularly eye-opening to see how straight your horse is during the transition and how balanced he is on the new lead. You can use poles if necessary to help keep you straight as you move down the center line.

Make sure that you are not leaning with your upper body through the transition. Many riders think an over exaggerated ‘lean’ or ‘push’ with their upper body is the key to riding a flying change, however this will only serve to unbalance your horse and confuse the situation.

If you horse is struggling, or if he is changing in front and not behind, take things back a few steps and try again. Often, most of the problems that show up surrounding the flying change are a result of not enough ‘suspension’ in the canter, meaning that your horse does not have enough time to change the sequence of footfalls.

If you are sure that your canter leading up to the change is sufficiently energetic, consider that perhaps you are leaning, particularly with your upper body while asking for the change, which is throwing your horse off-balance. Focus on sitting up through the transition and ‘allowing’ it to happen underneath you.

The flying change is a wonderful movement to ride, however asking too early in your horse’s training will do more harm than good in the long run. once again, make sure your horse is sufficiently strong enough to ride the movement before you start.

Article by Lorna Leeson | stridesforsuccess.com

caroco.co.za | 12

Carousel Collective | Equi Culture |

Equine Personalities Is your horse the Prissy Princess or the Spook

When you walk into a new barn, you’ll immediately get a sense for the various equine personalities in residence. Sometimes there are obvious clues like a cribbing collar or a destroyed Jolly Ball—that horse must be a busy-body. Other times the horse’s actions quickly reveal his character. One horse nickers and rushes to the stall door when you walk by, while his neighbor immediately pins his ears and kicks at the stall wall. You’ve just identified the social director and the resident grump.

Here are five distinct personalities you’ll find at just about every barn—and what the horses would say to you if they could talk.

The Prissy Princess The Prissy Princess hates wind because it blows dust around the barn, around the stall and everywhere in the entire universe. Basically, she has a strong opinion, often accompanied by a complaint, about everything.

"Come on! I can’t step on that black mat in the wash rack. It looks dark and ominous. And no way am I walking through that mud pit you’re standing in. I have no intention of dirtying myself just because you don’t want to let me stand here and look beautiful.”

(Note: The Prissy Princess isn't always a mare; plenty of geldings land in this category.)

The Spook You know The Spook all too well. He has the sweetest eyes, and he is terrified of

leaves blowing in the wind, sounds coming from the road, and even his neighbor down the aisle.

"Listen, I know you’re tacking me up to work, but I have a really bad feeling about this. Did you just see that?

Something moved in the distance. Stop telling me it’s going to be OK—it very well might not be OK. I just heard a scary sound! And a leaf just flew by! We should go back in the stall and hide. It’s safest in there.”

The Sweetheart The Sweetheart is slow and steady. You can put the tiniest beginner on him and he won’t turn a hair. His heart of gold makes him worth his weight in gold.

"We just got lapped by The Jock of the barn, but I don’t care. This sweet kiddo on my back is having the time of her life. She doesn’t seem to understand the concept of corners or cross-rails, but I’ll help her out. And why is everyone acting scared of the cars driving past the arena?

They’re there every single day. It’s all good.”

The Accident-Prone The Accident-Prone Horse seems to always be off work because of some pasture bang-up, stall accident, a slight sniffle, or a combination of ailments.

"Thank you for the treats. I just can’t work today! My left hind hock really hurts, and don’t even get me started on the cut on my face. We were playing in the pasture and then there was this tree! I couldn’t get out of the way in time. I really don’t do this on purpose, but I would very much appreciate a massage and some molasses cookies today.”

The Jock The Jock is the barn’s big, strong warmblood or Quarter Horse that has rippling muscles and excels in his sport.

"What’s that? We have a job to do? Let’s get going because I’m ready to show up all the other horses in the lesson. See that lanky horse in the corner? Let’s lap him before we do our next exercise. We need to show him how it’s done!”

13 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Source - horsechannel.com - Allison Griest

Don’t FORGET THEM

Because every horse deserves to be a horse

The Hole in The Wall Horse Project Currently has 1158 patients on record. Visit the Hole in the Wall Horse Project’s Facebook page to see how you can make a difference in the lives of these working equines. caroco.co.za | 10

Carousel Collective | Equestrian Life |

Our equestrian crush of the equine variety for July, is none other than the handsome 19 year old Holsteiner stallion Casall ASK. With an Illustrious show jumping career under his girth Casall was recently retired at the Longines Global Champions Tour, Grand Prix in Hamburg, bowing out like a true champion with a spectacular jump off.

The bay stallion has been with rider Rolf-Gรถran Bengtsson and his groom Celia Rijntjes for over a decade, Rolf and Celia both describe Casall as super smart and very kind.

Showjumper -Casall Ask

15 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Images - Stefano Grasso | Noelle Floyd | Global Champions Tour

tanya esson

is the lucky winner of an original drawing of her horse Valued at R950 from the trotting trestle

congratulations

Carousel Collective | Equi Events |

show jumping

dressage/showing

Blouberg Stables Show 13th-16th July

Van Ryn Equestrian Classic Dressage Series 30th July

Fourways Riding Centre 15th-16th July Penbritte 15th-16th July PE Riding Club 21st-23rd July Maple ridge FEI World Challenge 21st-23rd July George Riding Club 29th-30th July Sunlands(Rec) Show 30 July

Constantia Valley (Rec) and Graded Show 5th August Rivendell WC Freestyle Championships 12th-13th July PERC winter show 21st-23rd July Bloemfontein Equestrian Show 29th -31st

Dressage/Showing Eventing Eaton Farm 1st Gauteng Championships 15th-16th July Shongweni Landrover Horse and Wine show 21str-23rd July Stellenbosch district riding club SDRC Prelim and Graded 22nd July 19 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Ostrich Ranch up to 1* 12th-13th August Mpumalanga combined with SANESA 12th-13th August Please contact or refer to each venues/disciplines website for more information regarding the events listed here. E&OE

| Equi Culture |

equestrian reads

The Horse Williams charts the course that leads to our modern Equus-from the protohorse to the Dutch Warmbloods, Thoroughbreds, and cow ponies of the twenty-first century.

She observes magnificent ancient cave art in France and Spain that signals a deep respect and admiration for horses well before they were domesticated; visits the mountains of Wyoming with experts in equine behavior to understand the dynamics of free-roaming mustangs; witnesses the fluid gracefulness of the famous Lipizzans of Vienna; contemplates what life is like for the sure-footed, mustachioedGarrano horses who thrive on the rugged terrain of Galicia; meets a family devoted to rehabilitating abandoned mustangs on their New Hampshire farm; celebrates the Takhi horses of Mongolia; and more.

She blends profound scientific insights with remarkable stories to create a unique biography of the horse as a sentient being with a fascinating past and a finely nuanced mind.

The Horse is a revealing account of the animal who has been at our side through the ages, befriending us and traveling with us over the mountains and across the plains. Enriched by Williams's own experience with horses, The Horse is a masterful work of narrative nonfiction that pays tribute to this treasure of the natural world.

Words - Scientific American

Available on special order from Loot.co.za

caroco.co.za | 20

Carousel Collective

| Equestrian Life |

#Insta Crush zintapolo

my name is Zinta Model, polo player, adventurer.

I post styling ideas for horse and rider

This month we are instagram crushing on Zinta Polo and the timing couldn’t be more perfect than for our fashion issue.

#Golden oldies

Follow Zinta’s instagram account, you’ll be sure to get your daily dose of gorgeous equines and loads of great styling ideas too. A girl who loves horses and fashion could it possibly get any better...

#equine inspired You can learn so much about a rider from their horse.

— Anonymous 21 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Secretariat with his groom Eddie Sweat, it’s clear that these two shared a very special bond.

Available at

horseland-sa.co.za

were dedicating ‘

to the horses and

to be a part of this very special issue send us with the world what you love about

an entire issue

the people who love them your pictures, tell us your stories and share horses and being an equestrian.

A CLOS Words Chevonne Powell

29 | Carousel Collective July 2017

ER LOOK

Equine Assisted Psychotherapy (EAP) is a method of psychotherapy that integrates horses in the therapy situation in order to facilitate emotional growth.It is a collaborative effort between a licensed therapist and a horse professional working with the participant and horses to address treatment goals.

Sessions tend to be intense and very effective.

What makes EAP different from talk therapy, other than the use of horses, is that it is an experiential (in the moment) approach.

People are able to learn about themselves through activities in the here and now with horses.

Participants use their emotions, behaviors and thoughts in interaction with horses and allow for their interactional styles and coping methods to be displayed and developed. EAP assists people in accessing different parts of themselves, in becoming more aware of their emotions, experiencing their emotions in a healthy manner and feeling more connected with life.

EAP does not involve actual horse riding and prefers for clients to work with the horse on the ground. EAP is exclusively used for psychotherapeutic aims and may only be conducted by a registered psychologist or counsellor.

The term equine assisted therapy is often used broadly to cover all activities which utilise equines, either for physical or psychological purposes. There are four main categories in equine assisted therapy, namely vaulting, hippotherapy, therapeutic riding and EAP. The common thread between all four categories is the use of the horse as an instrument in the therapeutic process.

Hippotherapy is deďŹ ned as the remedial use of horses for patients with special needs such as physical or occupational therapy. The movement of the horse replicates the walking movement of a human being. Thus, it is considered beneďŹ cial as a physical therapy.

This type of therapy is appropriate for physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, unilateral paralysis and cases in which the muscles are spastic and rigid.

EAP

Equine Assisted Psychotherapy caroco.co.za | 30

Therapeutic riding is a category of equine therapy that teaches various equestrian skills to people with physical disabilities and/ or emotional or psychological disorders, based on the premise that these skills will be transferred to other aspects of their lives. Therapeutic riding is also known as Equine Facilitated Therapy and Riding for the Disabled. This type of therapy aims for physiological and psychological change. Patients participate in groundwork and mounted activities.

Therapeutic vaulting is the third type of equine therapy. This method is based on the client performing gymnastics exercises atop a moving horse, while the horse is controlled by a therapist through the use of a lunge line. While the therapist controls the horse, the client is free to focus on the experience of shared energy, impulsion, rhythm and balance. Therapeutic vaulting is very structured and concentrates on spatial relations, organisational skills and body awareness. Successful vaulting depends on a trusting relationship between the individual and the horse.

This relationship must be built on a foundation of communication and cooperation. In this way, the client learns how to be part of a team and gains a sense of positive self-esteem.

EAP is the fourth type of therapy that utilises horses. This is an experiential approach to psychotherapy that focuses on the interactions between the horse and the client in the present moment. The central difference between this type of equine therapy and hippotherapy, therapeutic riding and vaulting, is that this type of programme is used in combination with traditional psychotherapy. EAP works solely on the ground.

Why horses: As prey animals, horses are intuitively self-aware. They are authentic beings who cannot pretend, lie or manipulate. They respond automatically to those around them, giving immediate feedback about interactions.

This valuable feedback from the horses creates a metaphorical mirror which facilitates greater self-awareness. Horses also offer us an honest and pure relationship.

This relationship is about contact, connection and inuence, not abuse or manipulation. Work with horses provides the opportunity to learn about who we are and who we are in relationships. Activities in session become metaphors that are of use in daily life.

Equine therapy is used for: Family communication problems Social anxiety Trauma Anger and acting out behaviors Grief and loss Low self-worth Substance abuse and recovery Relationship problems Recovery assistance Parenting Bullying Depression If you would like to know more about EAP go to www.eagala.com or email us at info@meaningfulminds.co.za.

31 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Sleeves and Fillers

Equestrian Jumping Equipment We all know the amount of work it takes to maintain a riding arena and consistently make it look beautiful.

Often, jumps like gates, walls, bridges and aqueducts cannot be built in your own arenas due to the work involved and equipment required, and the only time we encounter them is in show jumping events.

Discovery Jump Our PVC sleeves and fillers allow for a lot of variation in jump types - matching sets of sleeves and fillers can be used to build a single jump or beautiful combination jumps, oxers/spreads, triple bars etc. Our PVC products are designed for riding schools as well as personal facilities. They are a safe and easily maintainable alternative to things like traditional picket fences. Not only will your arena look great,the various fillers will give you and your horse good practice for show jumping events.

Our light weight standard water trays, manufactured with foam sides are perfect for training and personal arenas, while our very high quality range of exclusive water trays with sound welded crush proof edges are used in graded show jumping events around South Africa.

www.sleevesandfillers.co.za Breathing Life into Your Arena

equestrian fashion trends

all that glitters

golden glamour 39 | Carousel Collective July 2017

leather & lace

colour blocking

caroco.co.za | 40

bling boots satin saddlepads beautiful belts 41 | Carousel Collective July 2017

bold breeches Equestrians are drawn to fashion, there’s no denying that, you just have to go to a local horse show to see riders and spectators alike sporting the latest in fashion trends.

This issue we take a look at equestrian trends for 2017. Long leather boots with embellishments aren’t going anywhere anytime soon, in fact, they just get better as time goes on. The Deniro boot company has really taken classic long leather boots to the next level with distinctive, gorgeous designs. Lace up and suede boots are steadily making their way to the A list.

The gold’s have also featured in the ring this year with alluring gold trim on helmets and gloves. Lace is also making an appearance with show shirts accentuated with lace to long lace printed ear bonnets like those pictured here from Cavalliera.

Equestrians will always be drawn to all that glitters, perhaps it has to do with the fact that you feel like a princess when you ride a horse or maybe it’s really just a deflection from all the dirt equestrians have to deal with, whatever the reason the glittery detail seen on helmets and jacket collars is lovely.

From all that glitters we go to stunning shiny saddle pads, like those available from Equestrian Stockholm, created in classic colours with just the right amount of shine to stand out underneath your saddle. Equestrian Stockholm has added a brown leather look trim to their navy blue saddle pad which is sure to turn heads.

Silicon breeches are fast overtaking conventional full seat breeches and no one is complaining, the silicon comes out in different patterns that adds just the right amount of flair to a pair of otherwise ordinary breeches.

And then last but not least we have belts and it’s clear that while the weave belts in an array of colours are a huge hit this season, you still can’t go wrong with a timeless leather belt adorning the waistline of your breeches.

caroco.co.za | 42

Corporate Events | Product Launches | Displays | Birthday Parties School visits and Outings | Group Tours | Fundraisers and all Special Events

lipizzaners.co.za | lipizzaner@hixnet.co.za | 079 716 4792

Get your annual show jumping fix with the Global Champions Tour, jumping in Cascais Estoril, Chantilly, Berlin, London, Valkenswaard, and Rome with the finale in Doha till to come. You can watch all the action with the GCT TV live stream.

The Longines Global Champions Tour brings together the top show jumpers in the world to compete in prestigious locations for unprecedented prize money. Our 15 event Tour offers some of the most explosive and exciting competition of any equestrian series.

We are proud to host Olympic, World and Continental Champions as they battle fiercely for the title of overall season Champion of Champions 2017 and the lion’s share of the bonus prize fund. Available to watch live online via GCT TV and on Eurosport or national networks, millions of people tune in or visit our events each year to enjoy thrilling action from the world’s premier show jumping series, featuring the biggest stars in the sport. globalchampionstour.com Images LGCT | Stefano Grasso

47 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Cascais Estoril 7-8th July Chantilly 13-16th July Berlin 28-30th July caroco.co.za | 48

London 4-6th August Rome 21-24th September

49 | Carousel Collective July 2017

Valkenswaard 11-13th August

Doha 09-11th November

caroco.co.za | 50

ALPHA APPALOOSA STUD AlphaAppaloosa.com

a passion for equestrian and elegant riding apparel

www.tilajoriding jackets.com

Repairs to Bemer Clippers electronic Horse equipment

Barry 083 271 9382

Sezuan

Three Times World Champion

Wipperman’s Stud imports semen from the best stallions in Europe through our office stationed in Germany for equestrian breeders in South Africa for more information contact horse.farm.pretoria@gmail.com

Southern Horse Box Hire 2 Berth Crisbox For Hire Contact Grant 083 228 1063 grantbourne52@gmail.com

www.swanhof.co.za Stud and Equestrian Centre

Recreation and Fitness Sports and Fitness Instructor

Blanket Biz

Nathalie 079 871 3481 nathalie@blanketbiz.co.za sales@blanketbiz.co.za

Horse Blankets smeggie@ibu

Manufacture | Wash | Repair | Embroidery

‘The difference between ordinary and extraordinary, is that little extra.’ Jimmy Johnson

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Produced by the Carousel Collective The opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily reect those of the publisher. Although all material is checked for accuracy, no liability is assumed by the publisher for any losses due to the use of material in this magazine Copyright Š All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form without prior written permission of the Carousel Collective.