resumen abstract

This research is developed in response to the difficulties faced by visually impaired people to adapt and develop normally in their daily activities within their residence, which are intended to be remedied through the implementation of technological systems, automated and integrated into architectural design strategies, in order to design intelligent, intuitive and inclusive spaces.

Therefore, the main objective is to develop an integration model that adheres to the new or existing architecture, providing new solutions and ways of living in the house, making it safer, practical and comfortable for the visually impaired population and their families.

The ‘Smart, Accessible and Sustainable House’ (2019) is an initiative of Fundación ONCE that has been supported by the Royal Board on Disability and has traveled throughout Spain to demonstrate to builders and interior designers that universal accessibility and design for all people are not at odds with the latest trends. These propose a model of an accessible, intelligent and sustainable home that incorporates all kinds of devices to allow its use by people with disabilities, who can thus operate household appliances without even touching them.

On the other hand in 2018 SO & SO Studio applied the integration of textures with an integrated mapping system, in order to make known to a blind person their new home as it would be quite a process to adapt to the new spaces and recognize them easily, it was key the choice of stone and porcelain materials to differentiate from the other finishes and in these implement a glyphic language, which is based on the shape of things in the environment, notations and to the shape of the structures that underlie the invisible realities. What we intend with the research is to analyze people with visual disabilities and their families to know what are their needs and difficulties at home, based on the above, we define what technological systems can be integrated, along with architectural techniques through home automation, which lead us to mitigate these needs in their residential environment.

In the development of this research we evidenced that the needs in the residence depend on the level of disability, whether it is total or partial, from birth, acquired by accidents or degenerative diseases. To determine this, we conducted an interview process focused on two people who, although they have this disability in common, each one suffers from a different origin.

Consequently, we had the opportunity to analyze a technological integration model with two types of users, one with sight loss from birth and the other due to an accident. In the first case, their level of independence is higher and their primary need is linked to the security of their home. In the second case the level of dependence is of great consideration due to a new way of adapting to their condition and their new way of performing daily tasks in the residence.

As a final result we obtained points or fragilities in common that allowed us to develop a system of integration between technique and technology through home automation in order to raise the level of adaptability and spatial appropriation.

Key words: Domotics, immotics, Automation, Comfort, Ergonomics, Social Inclusion.residence, Glyphic, texture, technology, domotics, visual disability.