The Institution Behind Homes_Thesis Process Book by John Gabriel Castañeda

process book

Thesis Statement The institution of Memory Care Homes is defined by the history of long corridors that disorient or confuse wayfinding. By researching the water system of Los Angeles, I concluded the unbalanced relationship between wealth, water, and green space. These problems are reflected in my site selection of a parking structure at El Camino Community College in Torrance, California. Its neighborhood includes a huge golf course and family housing that have green lawns and pools, using vast amounts of water which is not being gathered from the tertiary river below. By breaking down the site (long corridor) into smaller scales, using natural light and color, and eliminating dead-ends, my response is to provide a home rather than an institution. A therapy pool for the elderly is provided through the process of biofiltration from the existing pond adjacent to the site, the golf course, and the tertiary river below.

author:john

gabriel c. castaneda

01 02 03 04 05

L.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s big problem site selection target research precedent studies schematic design

L.A.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s big problem

Water Consumption: The Big Four

in 2010

1. California: 2. Texas: 3. Idaho: 4. Florida:

02 04

11% 7% 5% 4%

Fresh Water Use in California

Large

Landsc

ape /

Urban

Agricu

ial

al [MF

Produc

tion

]

Comm er (Urban cial )

Reside n

Industr

Residen ti

Wetla nd

Urban

Energy

2.7% 3%

tial [SF

]

lture

4% 5%

77%

Water Use Distribution @ South Coast Region

25%

VENTURA

19% LOS ANGELES

Ventura

Glendale

16%

Santa Monica

SAN BERNARDINO

San Bernardino

Pasadena Los Angeles

Ontario Riverside

Anaheim Long Beach

ORANGE

RIVERSIDE

15% Oceanside

SAN DIEGO

5% San Diego

LA County Population [~9.8 million people]

Main Water Consumption = Residential

Single Family

Multi Family

debris collection

suburban

dam

natural landscape

stream

stream creek

natural landscape

MOUNTAIN CREEK

DEBRIS DAM

reservoir

recreational spot

STREAM

neighhborhood neighborhood

dam

lake / river

RECREATIONAL DAM & RESERVOIR

RIVER

B&C

LA RIVER (VEGETATION)

natural LA river

neighhborhood

concrete LA river

neighborhood

park

reservoir

concrete LA river

parks & landscape

LA RIVER (CONCRETE CHANNEL)

CITY RESERVOIR

LA RIVER (NATURAL VEGETATION)

city

suburban / resorts

water supply pumping facility city

lake park

ocean

water reclamation center

cliff or reef

SUPPLY WATER PUMP CENTER

WATER TREATMENT PLANT

COASTLINE

sand beach

ocean

harbor

park / board walk

docks

city

ESTUARY

BEACH & BOARDWALK

HARBOR

freeway

harbor

ocean

docks

ocean

park

river joined

river

lake

city / neigborhood

city city

LA RIVER OVERLAPPING FREEWAY

CONFLUENCE

CITY LAKE

Mountain Creek Wilson Debris Dam

Hansen Dam Recreation Center

Stream

LA River

Reservoir

River

the water cycle

circulations

Source water treatment

wastewater treatment the urban water cycle

programs

skatepark & playground park library museum & cafe recreation center

water distribution

wastewater collection parking

baseball fields soccer fields

farms park

use

Source Many freshwater sources are found in the environment as a result of geological and meteorological phenomena. Surface waters such as lakes, reservoirs, and rivers are the most visible and are often tapped for public water supply. Groundwater, which exists almost everywhere at some depth, can be extracted by wells. The choice of a water source depends on many factors, including quality, availability, proximity, economics, and legal issues.

Water Treatment To be suitable for distribution and human use, raw water must be treated to remove contaminants and pathogens. Design of appropriate treatment processes depends on water quality. At a basic level, disinfection is necessary to deactivate harmful microorganisms. More advanced treatment involves a sequence of screening, settling, filtering, disinfection, and chemical adjustments at a water treatment facility.

Donald C. Tillman Reclamation Plant

Water Distribution After treatment, finished water is distributed to customers through a pressurized system of pipes, pumps, valves, and storage reservoirs. While much of this infrastructure is buried and invisible, it is an important system that ensures that water is available when and where we need it.

Estuary

Use Water customers use the supplied water for various purposes. Industries use water for manufacturing and cleaning. Businesses and offices use water for daily operations. At home, residents use water for cooking, bathing, laundry, drinking, and landscaping.

Wastewater Collection The opposite of distribution, wastewater collection systems (sewers) collect used water and convey it, usually by gravity, to a wastewater treatment facility. This occurs through a network of increasingly large pipes. A typical urban wastewater stream is more than 99% water and less than 1% waste.

Wastewater Treatment After use, water quality has been degraded and requires treatment before it can be reintroduced into the environment. Wastewater treatment uses physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove wastes from the influent and restore water quality. Once treated, the effluent is discharged to the environment and the cycle begins a new.

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 

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          

       

 



   

           

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

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

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 

  

     

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



 

       

      

       

        





  



 







LOS ANGELES WATER SYSTEM 7 4

2 7 1

3c 2 7

3c 9

16 3c

4 2

3c 7

7 2 2

9 5c

3c 5c

8 1

15 3d

3d 15

3c 3c

7 9

5c 16

2 2

7 5d

16 5c

6d 16 5d

15 6c

5c 15

9 5c

5c 9

5d 7

2 9

5a 9

5c 9

8 15

15 16 5d

15 3c

3d 5c

6a 3c

5d 11 5c

9 16

9 5c

5d 8 5d

12 9

9 16

9 9

5c 9

6d 3c 5a 9 6c

14 3c 6d

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

b c d

Mountain creek Debris dam Stream (suburban) Dam & Recreational dam River Los Angeles river Reservoir Water treatment plant Domestic water pump station Coastline Harbor Recreational beach Estuary Los Angeles river overlapping freewayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Confluence Recreational Lake

15 5a 5c

9 5c

7 5d

7 9

14 16

5c 9

5d 6a

9 9

5d 8

5d 16

5d 5c

12 5c

11 11

9 13

5c 13

11 5d

Stormwater channels Out spout of storm water into the Los Angeles river

Los Angeles river bare concrete Los Angeles river with vegetation Adjacent to buildings Adjacent to recreational parks

Natural habitat Industrial Runway/airport Watershed boundaries 5 miles

LEGEND 1

9 8

5d 3d

5c 5c

11 5d 3d

10 3c

5d 12

16 16

5d 9

TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

LAKE HUGHES

PALMDALE

CASTAIC LAKE STATE PARK GREEN VALLEY SESPE CONDOR SANCTURY

HIDDEN SPRINGS

LAKE ARROWHEAD

BIG BEAR LAKE

FALLING SPRINGS

SANTA MONICA MOUNTAINS NATIONAL RECREATION

SUGARLOAF MOUNTAIN

LOS ANGELES

LONG BEACH

SANTA ANA

LAKE MATHEWS SILVERADO

LAKE ELSINORE

B SANTA CATALINA ISLAND

DEBRIS DAM LOCATIONS

16 21 4 23

22 18

8 19

7 10 5

13 17

1 14

15 12

1: Bailey Debris Dam [Mount Wilson] 2: Big Dalton Debris Dam [Glendora] 3: Blanchard Debris Dam [Sunland] 4: Bluegum Canyon Debris Dam [Sunland] 5: Brand Debris Dam [Burbank] 6: Carter Debris Dam [Mount Wilson] 7: Childs Canyon Debris Dam [Burbank] 8: Elmwood Debris Dam [Burbank] 9: Haines Canyon Debris Dam [Sunland] 10: Hillcrest Canyon Debris Dam [Burbank] 11: La Tuna Debris Dam [Burbank] 12: Little Dalton Debris Dam [Glendora] 13: Rubio Diversion Debris Dam [Mount Wilson] 14: Santa Anita Debris Dam [Mount Wilson] 15: Sawpit Debris Dam [Azusa] 16: Schoolhouse Debris Dam [San Fernando] 17: Sierra Madre Villa Debris Dam [Mount Wilson] 18: Stough Debris Dam [Burbank] 19: Sunset Debris Dam [Burbank] 20: Verdugo Wash Debris Basin Dam [Pasadena] 21: Wilson Debris Dam [San Fernando] 22: Winery Canyon Debris Dam [Pasadena] 23: Yarnell Debris Basin Dam [San Fernando]

LA WATER SUPPLY + MAJOR ROADS

LEGEND

RESERVOIR

DAM

WATER BODY

LOS ANGELES WATERSHED

Los Angeles River Watershed

Santa Monica Bay Watershed Ballona Creek Watershed San Gabriel River Watershed

Dominguez Channel

What is Watershed? Watershed is a basin-like area where water flows from higher grounds to rivers, ocean, and other water bodies.

LOS ANGELES STORMWATER CHANNEL

Stormwater Drain Channel

02 site selection

demographics: caucasian

caucasian

hispanic

demographics: hispanic

demographics: african american

african american

demographics: asian

asian

analysis: Alzheimer facilites & elderly analysis

Alzheimerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Association Locations Concentration of Elderly [+60]

source: city-data.com

site types: concentrated areas concentrated areas

source: city-data.com

site plan

0’

Receiving Facilities

Center for Applied Technology

Shops

Life Science

CADV

Industry Technology Education Center

Comm

Bookstore

300’

Physics

Chemistry

Baseball Field

Technical Arts

100’

Humanities

t den Stu ices v r Se

Mus

nis Ten t r Cou

rth

th Sou y G m

pus Cam ter a The

-No

NDO

H EAC

nis Ten t r o C u

Art

king Par el] v l [5 e

Admissions

Library

t den Stu vites i Act ter Cen

l Poo l tbal Sof d Fiel

LRC

Math Business Allied Health

k doc Mur ium Stad

s Ed Phy hletics t & A Field s n I t

th Nor Gym

cien

ial S

Soc

t ce Poli artmen Dep

see Mar itorium d u A

BLV

Golf Course

Alondra Pond

Golf Course

Alondra Pond

3’ 2.5’ 7’ 16’ 14’

Park

Alondra Pond

Park

Alondra Pond 3’ 2.5’ 7’ 16’ 14’

3’ 2.5’ 7’ 16’ 14’

Murdock Stadium

El Camino Community College

Murdock Stadium

El Camino Community College

120’

25’

120’ 70’

25’

70’

Softball Field

Tennis Court

El Camino Community College

Softball Field

Tennis Court

El Camino Community College

193’

70’

25’

69’

25’

69’

193’

70’

Sense of Place [Genius Loci] excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

Visualizing architecture through screenplays discovers a technique of expression and representation (Moneo), Rem Koolhaas sees film as a medium that responds to our current time and culture. Looking back at the example of New York city, how it explores the principles of contemporary urbanism, we can start to define culture through architecture with the result of economics (Mallgrave). As a city grows, land becomes limited and in result, certain building typology are relocated away from the city. For example, Memory Care Homes does not necessarily define the city of Los Angeles. In order to keep up with our current times and culture, the younger generations represents most of the demographics of the urban or suburban areas. The working class makes up the majority, if not all, of the urban context. How does merging these mass culture affect the city and architecture? My theory explores the idea of bringing back these Memory Care Homes into the urban and suburban environment, the clash between the younger and older generations may develop a new culture, something unexpected (in similarities with Bernard Tschumi). Tschumi starts with the users and how people define a space. With the concept of â&#x20AC;&#x153;cross programming (Moneo),â&#x20AC;? Tschumi invented new events between spaces through program and movement.

In the opposite side, Rem Koolhaas and OMA critiqued the idea of the competition for Parc de la Villette by organizing the programs through “bands (Moneo).” Going back to the analogy of a film strip or screenplays, Rem Koolhaas took the program as these scenes, with the result of stacking these program (or scenes) on top of each other. Rem Koolhaas and OMA had been the precedent that I always end up exploring. I think the firm has a clear way of expressing program and defining it very well. A site such as a parking structure, where it is only available for a single program, these certain structures will eventually be underused and repurposed to be cross programmed. Finding the program’s relationships, this allows my theory to redefine underused spaces that accommodates the user needs, to blend both sides of the surrounding context to stitch together. The origin of Corridors, was first introduced into the houses that was built for the rich; which became “a measure in part of the antagonism between rich and poor (Evans).” These passageways or corridors were spaces that was used by mainly servants. Though it may have a negative connotation, it serves a great purpose to how a house performs.

Sense of Time [Zeitgeist] excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

Critiquing Frank Gehry and his work towards Los Angeles can be seen in both positive and negative connotations. What many people may tend to lean on the negative side of his architecture but there are ways that it broke from the norm, it transformed and translated to what Los Angeles city was becoming, away from postmodernism (which happens to be “too european”). The automobile was a technology that progressed Los Angeles, Frank Gehry’s mentality of “zeitgeist” (a sense of time) was appropriate on the transformation of the city. He took automobile as a form of movement which directly translated to his architecture. Nothing was static of its form, program, and circulation. Frank Gehry wanted his work to be interpreted in similar ways such as artists (Moneo). With an artist’ mind, Frank Gehry was able to see the end product of his architecture, in result, the process is not as “visible.” What I mean by visible is “he [Frank Gehry] wants a process that traps the architecture between design and construction (Moneo).” Dismantling the program, where it basically follows form. While Frank Gehry does not drive his project with function, his model making process still translates well with the program. For my theory, following his process of architecture will only look at the form or aesthetics rather than function with ethics. My strongest argument for a precedent is Rem Koolhaas and OMA, which take function over form.

ignage

ucemaudesign.com / spl.org

Color = Program

dly

cy Architects]

Texture = Zoning

dly

cy Architects]

Texture = Zoning

SPECIALIZED CONTROLS

WIDE CORRIDORS / CLEAR ROUTES

Memory Care Homes and site are two elements that drive the project. Both Frank Gehry and Rem Koolhaas has parts that can be implemented in my theory. With Rem Koolhaas, listing down the specifics, the details, of my programs and user needs. This will start to specify on quality of spaces. Frank Gehry’s movement will define the form. Meaning the qualities of the site will alter depending specific movements, which can find unexpected spaces or events. Where does the balance between two mentalities, two theories? One way is to find a strong connection to Rem Koolhaas and OMA, through program needs. Another is to incorporate Frank Gehry’s method of architecture between design and construction. There are many questions that which comes first, a similar analogy can be applied on if the chicken or the egg came first. I believe by looking at program needs, the result will reflect on form, form will reflect on context, in this process may lead to new unexpected spaces or new “events.” There will be a need of repurposing of elderly homes by converting into Memory Care Homes, of 80% due to the baby boomer generation. As we progress towards the future, the idea of repurposing will be dominated as we incline towards sustainability. Old ideas will need to bring out new ideas.

spine spine

natural [greenery /natural water] [greenery / water]

typology typology [institution / commercial] [institution / commercial]

traffic & bus bus stops stops &

Buildings

Streets

03 target research

Means of Transition

Occupiable Space

Human Experience: Phenomenology Architecture excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

The human experience, “how we perceive or understand the built environment,” is the most valued variable in any form of architecture (Mallgrave). Understanding Memory Care Homes are challenging because it deals with multiple human experiences in one roof. There are many forms and stages of dementia, different nursing skills, and variety of homes and settings that are best suited for specific cases. Juhani Pallasmaa is an architect who understood architecture by feeling the spaces that we inhabit and how it reacts to our own bodies. Dementia such as Alzheimer’s Disease grows inside the body, which in result, affects how normally a person experience or understand the built environment. Many questions come to mind, can a building heal? or what is the future for elderly homes? (MASS Design Group). Steven Holl followed meditations of “Phenomenal Zone” through spatiality, color, light, time, water, around, hapticity, proportion, scale, and perception in design (Mallgrave). How do these elements merge with Memory Care Homes? Does a mixture of light and dark, proportion, and spatial movements suitable for these type of homes? In order for these questions to be answered, further understanding of how the brain works through dementia is critical. A person with Alzheimer’s Disease, which is the worst form of dementia, needs to have

nd homes

f long corridors that

John Gabriel Castaneda

Our Future? source: Ted Talks by Samuel Cohen

m of Los Angeles, I green space. These 160 e at El Camino Community mil course and family housing is not being gathered from

natural light and color,

er than an institution. ioďŹ ltration from the ver below.

120

mil

2015

2050

affecting the body Brain

memory loss active | daily routine program needs: - shared/common spaces - private rooms

Heart

life[style]

a precise tasks as they go through their day. Engagement is a powerful tool to keep the mind stimulated. Alzheimer’s Disease is different from one person to another, individual engagement to an activity meaningful to them is beneficial. Knowing their individual life stories such as their interest, what is important to them, what they are proud of, and what makes their day, are ways to acknowledge in order for them to feel comfortable in the built environment. Another key factor to Memory Care Homes are the patient’s strengths. Being aware of an elderly’s strengths shows how the individual can engage in activities. There are four main components on showing strength, according to Alzheimer’s Association of Australia: motor (using hands), sensory (using senses), social (using language), and cognitive (using the brain). Also, intergenerational learning gaps, by having multiple age groups to learn from one another is a plus towards the future of the following generations. Peter Zumthor’s work seeks to compose, “buildings that, in time, grow naturally into being a part of the form and history of their place” (Mallgrave). This translates to the built environment and site, how we are left with underused spaces. Gensler, a world known firm, starts to think ahead towards the future of buildings and sites that are considered underused. Andy Cohen, Co-CEO of Gensler, stated that in the future, we will become a

typical

what are their needs? source: alzheimerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s association_australia

source: http://as

Engagement Singing

Time Exercising

Gardening

Painting

7am-9am 9am-11am Strengths

11am-1pm

1pm-4pm motor

sensory

social

cognitive

4pm-6pm Intergenerational Activities Play Groups

6pm-7pm

7pm-8pm

old-new memory care homes source: Evan Carroll of Bild Architecture New Insights

Smaller Scale

driverless era (Los Angeles Times). Meaning, owning cars will not be as dominant because of alternative ways such as renting or ride sharing. Following Zumthor’s idea, eventually, buildings will naturally be part of the form and become a history of its place. The human experience is the most powerful tool towards designing architecture. The essay of “An Architecture of the Seven Senses” by Juhani Pallasmaa, emphasized on his view of the experience of touch is multi-sensory. The human body can experience architecture by matter, space and scale that is equivalent by the eye, ear, nose, skin, tongue, skeleton, and muscle (Mallgrave). Elderly with Alzheimer’s Disease has a constant change through their mind, their individual challenges should reflect on the architecture that may result into healing their bodies physically and mentally. Evan Carroll, an architect from Portland, Maine of BiLD Architecture, studied these nursing homes by living in one to have a full understanding of the patient’s experience and also to see the nursing staff’s skills towards standard of care. Not all patients share the same experience, but there are shared commonalities of what the standard experience is for a patient or nurse to live in a home.

- indoor / outdoor pool area - therapy rooms

rojects.org/index.php?title=File:Bedford_County_Almshouse_1885_Report.jpg

ted nursing homes to be modeled after hospitals [EďŹ&#x20AC;ects]

[AďŹ&#x20AC;ects]

designing memory care

awing to Building and Other Essays by Robin Evans

source: Design for Aging / http://architizer.com/blog/better-design-for-seniors/

A) Mobility / Layout Order

B) Socialization Connection

Labyrinth

C) Technology LeadingAge / High Tech Aging

Means of Transition

D) Medical Care Aquatic Theraphy

Water Feature

Occupiable Space

old-new memory care homes source: Evan Carroll of Bild Architecture New Insights Light

Color

Corridors w/o Dead Ends

Smaller

Scale

Future source: Assisted Living Federation of America

~ 80%

biofiltration system

source: www.slideshare.net/kokhong/a-natural-approach-to-garden-pond-management

Sand Pressured Filter

Fish Po

Disinfe System

Therap

y Pool

Filtration System

site selection 54

source: www.city-data.com/city/Los-Angeles-California.html

3 Key Components:

Water Filtration System

Helpful & Role Playing Fishes

Functional Aquatic Plants

ection m

New Urbanism: Rossi and Tafuri excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

Both Aldo Rossi and the New Urbanism have different ideas towards how a city should be defined through architecture. Aldo Rossi’s theory of architecture argues for the “fixed laws of a timeless typology (Mallgrave p. 24).” Architecture, for Rossi, had to be unique and to find “a specific base of its own (Moneo p. 103).” In order for the society and city to evolve, its architecture has to break away from its past, to not follow traditional architecture. This contrast with the idea of New Urbanism of creating a new city that progresses how we should design future cities. These two theories already sets a guideline towards my own theory of Memory Care Homes. To be site specific, I have to agree with Aldo Rossi’s theory. As the population continues to grow, the availability for sites are limited to adjacency along freeways or by the engineered rivers of Los Angeles. In Western cultures, the Elderly are being relocated to let the younger-working generations to live in the city; compared to the asian culture, where the individual families look after the elderly on their own homes. The problem arises on elderly being away from their families and moving away from the norm. This is a different case for Memory Care Homes, the proximity within family is the best medication towards healing a patient’s mind, hopefully be back to the normal.

Although New Urbanism has qualities of site specification, the difference is that in order for it to begin is by building a new city. From the short film was an idea that separates the diverse culture that we have in the city. The idea of Seaside, Florida, only works for wealthycaucasian user groups. Agreeing with the idea of creating a sustainable city but I refute with the concept of how our current cities are growing. Los Angeles has a rich culture of different backgrounds and if the idea of Seaside, Florida were to came into LA, it would be built along Beverly Hills area. On page 118, Philip Langdon stated, “...a return to small cities on a human scale (Mallgrave p. 118).” How can we achieve a small scale city with our growing population? Many people will move to [urban] cities because it is convenient for them for work and other amenities needed. It is easy for Memory Care Homes to be in the category of New Urbanism which already has been the idea behind these homes for many generations. Challenging the idea alongside Aldo Rossi, by bringing Memory Care Homes back into the urban context, it may lead to a development of the city rather than creating a new one. Memory Care Homes tend to be a copy and paste kind of typology but by looking at the site’s information, each homes “could break away from its traditional attachments (Moneo p.103).”

Sensors: Technology and Ecology & Social Underpinnings of Modernism excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

The Prelude, of An Introduction to Architecture, started to talk about the idea of Futurists, how Technology will define the theory and design of our society. Technology is quickly moving or evolving in a pace where theorists and designers have to be parallel on how technology grows. The future designs of Memory Care Homes has not changed since it was built in the 19th century, started by women and church groups. We can look at the word, architecture, “the art or science of a building” (MerriamWebster). This relates to the progression of technology by finding new science or knowledge towards designing our future buildings. The technology behind Memory Care Homes are recent by placing these sensors to detect patients on their activities without the constant attention from nurses or doctors. For an elderly to be independent, in some cases they want to be alone, with this technology they are able to have that freedom. Another concept is the idea of “‘ephemeralization,’ by which a building should be judged not by the usual aesthetic beliefs but rather by its weight or degree of ecological integrity, process and diverse community (Mallgrave p. 4).” Also by looking at its definition, “the ability of technology advancement in efficiency of achieving the same output.” With

LeadingAge / High Tech Aging

these definitions, refuting the idea of “efficiency of achieving the same output.” The reason being is it brings the idea of mass production. Every Memory Care Homes will have identical design, it would not have its own identity in relation to its context. Memory Care Homes are a special type of elderly homes, it requires a level of expertise from staff and also its architecture design. Elderly homes do not have that open social aspect except only from its users; elderly, staff, and family. Many elderly lack outdoor experience due to the fact they are disabled or handicapped in some shape or form, which may lead to depression. The question that comes in mind, how do you bring the outdoors indoors? When you think about Elderly Centers facilities across the United States, you only see the indoor environment of the place. Many users only experience inside, contained within walls. By bringing the outdoors in, nature becomes the healing process for the elderly rather than prescribed medication. R. Buckminster Fuller compared Earth to a spaceship, dealing with the problem of the world’s housing problems that failed due to advancement of technology (Mallgrave p. 5). The world separates the society based on age, income or status and not search for possibilities for integration between these categories. In Netherlands, elderly homes and college students share the same housing community. For the elderly, this brings new “life” to them and in some

ways it gets them out of depression or loneliness, which goes back to the intergenerational learning between different age groups. In the book, Notes on the Synthesis of Form, Christopher Alexander argued, â&#x20AC;&#x153;existing building traditions and local materials tended to filter out cultural biases.â&#x20AC;? Memory Care Homes are something that the future will need worldwide due to the amount of baby boomer generation. Even-though the elderly may be on that point of decline, they are still equally important to the society. How technology evolves has similar qualities to how generations grow. We cannot learn everything based on technology, there also need for human interaction as a learning process.

04 precedent studies

Both-And excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

“Architects can no longer afford to be intimidated by the puritanically moral language of orthodox Modern architecture (Moneo).” Understanding Venturi’s idea of how we should start to look at architecture, how it is experienced by a person. Venturi wanted the people to start critiquing buildings. How we perceive architecture should not be only its aesthetics but also its ethics. Venturi prefers, “both-and (Moneo)” but at times, mixing styles sends complex messages to the critiques. Memory Care Homes needs to have a daily routine, where they can be familiar with everything they see or do. By allowing Venturi’s idea of “both-and,” it puts more stimulation to the patient and creates more anxiety or stress. Two case studies that allows me to explore deeply in the process are: a) Seattle Public Library [Visible Signage] and b) Ed Roberts Campus [User Friendly]. a) Seattle Public Library is a diagrammatic building, meaning it allows the users to see visually where they are and it is color coded for all ages to understand. b) Ed Roberts Campus represents the importance of materiality. Users are guided by materiality, which becomes a transition from one space to another. Pure, clean, straightforward are some words that Venturi was against in his theory of architecture. In a case of Memory Care Homes, those words are needed for users to be active

Seattle Public Library: Visible Signage

source: graphicambient.com / brucemaudesign.com / spl.org [OMA]

or “live” again, to be familiar and comfortable with daily routines. Venturi also added, “more is not less.” To me, more is complex, by combining multiple architecture components into one building may harm the patients and users, physically and mentally. It becomes a distraction for daily tasks or routines for an elderly. This scenario is an example of the contrast between the inside and outside, that it starts to contradict architecture. My theory is heavily driven by program Peter Eisenman looked at architecture in a form of “transparency,” meaning he studied the volume spaces (interior), mass, surface, and movement. Peter Eisenman was looking from interior to exterior where-as other architects who does not have a continuity of spaces that differentiates the interior from the exterior spaces. Peter Eisenman was searching “for a purely rational reading of form (Mallgrave).” His process was program driven where it studies the relationship of spaces rather than separating form and function, where his idea becomes form as function. “Both-And” can also be implied to the corridor in which it serves both-and of the spectrum, one as passage and two as organization. It was compared to the spine of the human body, in a way that it cannot be taken of. Without, the human body will not work. In this case, the corridor has an important role in architecture (Evans).

ed roberts campus: user friendly

source: lmsarch.org [Leddy Maytum Stacy Architects]

DAYLIGHT / SUN CONTROL

NTROLS

PLAZA AS TRANSIT

CLEAR ROUTES

High Line [New York]

Architect: Diller and ScoďŹ dio high line by diller & scofidio

DORS / UTES

Bridge

Ramp

Dementia Village [Netherlands] Architect: Molenaar & Bol & Van Dillen

source: Designing the High Line

Courtyards

TRANSIT

Dementia Village [Netherlands] Architect: Molenaar & Bol & Van Dillen

WIDE CORRIDORS / CLEAR ROUTES

dementia village Ramp

ands]

Molenaar & Bol & Van Dillen Bridge

Courtyards

IIT McCormick Tribune Campus Center [Chicago] Architect: Rem Koolhaas (OMA)

mpus Center [Chicago]

Extended Paths

source: www.mbvda.nl

IIT IIT McCormick McCormick Tribune Tribune Campus Campus Center Center [Chicago] [Chicago] Architect: Architect:Rem RemKoolhaas Koolhaas(OMA) (OMA) IIT McCormick Tribune Campus Center

therlands]

Courtyards

n Dillen

ne Campus Center [Chicago]

Extended Paths

Sendai Sendai Mediatheque Mediatheque [Japan] [Japan] Architect: Architect:Toyo ToyoIto Ito

[Japan]

source: http://oma.eu

Circulation

OMA

Sendai Mediatheque IIT McCormick Tribune Campus Center [Chicago]

Toyo Ito

Extended Paths

Architect: Rem Koolhaas (OMA)

Sendai Mediatheque [Japan]

Circulation

Architect: Toyo Ito

Rehab Center [Basel, Switzerland] Architect: Herzog de Meuron

Interior-to-Exterior Relationship

source: www.toyo-ito.co.jp

75 SERVED

REHAB CENTER

erland]

Herzog de Meuron

Interior-to-Exterior Relationship

SERVED SERVANT

source: www.herzogdemeuron.com/index/projects/complete-works/151-175/165-rehab-centre-for-spinal-cord-and-brain-injuries.html

05 schematic design

Program, Form, and Structure: British Renaissance excerpt from ARH 529: From Theory to Practice

What Richard Rogers, Renzo Piano, and Norman Foster had in common is the approach of the technical (structure), aesthetic (form), and building’s usability (program) aspect of architecture (Mallgrave p. 79) . The way architecture is visioned focused on the technical and aesthetic components of architecture. The building’s usability or program is visible but not recognized. The program within the building was left “open” which gave freedom to the space. For these three men, structure and the technical aspect was what challenged them to create a space where program and structure do not clash with one another. The free plan is a benefit by the freedom of space, there are no limitations. But at the same time, the freedom of space does not provide any organization to the program. Similar comparison to Lord Norman Foster’s work, where it’s heavily influenced by aviation (Nicoonmars). The architecture is more defined by its form rather than the openness of space for program. You can have any type of program within the space but does not reflect on its form. In a Memory Care Home, a free plan is suitable towards organization and openness for the elderly. The reason being is the order versus the labyrinth layout of the home. Elderly with Alzheimer’s Disease already has a constant

Cancer

Alzheimer’s Disease

Cancer

source: US National Insitution of Healthcare

Alzheimer’s Disease

source: Alzheimer’s Association & American Cancer Study

Cancer

Alzheimer’s Disease

source: American Academy of Neurology & US centers for disease control and prevention

typical day scenario

program diagram

source: http://assistedlivingtoday.com/p/memory-care/

Time

Routine

7am-9am

Breakfast Morning Routines

9am-11am

-Exercise -Current Events

source: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/38/59.140

ELDERLY (PATIENTS)

Lunch Quiet Time (Rest)

11am-1pm

-Mind Stimulation Games -Music -Cooking/Poetry/Crafts -Snack -Discussion

1pm-4pm

4pm-6pm

Dinner Event Activities

6pm-7pm

-Bingo -Videos and Discussion

7pm-8pm

Personal Time Event Routines Bed

NURSES (staff)

COLLEGE (STUDENTS)

user movements ELDERLY (PATIENTS)

12 am

NURSES (staff)

COLLEGE (STUDENTS)

FAMILY (PUBLIC)

Lobby Dining Area Child Care Medical Support Multipurpose Room Chapel Physical Therapy Library Administrator Assistant Administrator Medical Officer Nurse and Dictation Area General Admission Clerical Staff Computer Area Conference Room Mail Room Janitor’s Closet Employee Lockers Employee Lounge Employee Toilets Building Maintenance Storage General Warehouse Storage Medical/Dietary/Pharmacy General Laundry Clean Utility Soiled Utility Linen Storage General Storage Nurses Station, Ward Secretary Exam/Treatment Room Unit Supply and Equipment Staff Toilet Stretcher/Wheelchair Storage Kitchenette Trash Collection Public/Resident Toilets Barber/Salon Resident Storage Bedroom

problem, physically and mentally. The ordered layout or structure of a building helps guide them to different spaces without getting lost compared to the labyrinth design. Lord Norman Foster’s Willis Faber & Dumas, started to have that relationship between users and “created a lifestyle (Willis Faber & Dumas Headquarters),” where managers and workers share the same space and entrance. Every users are treated equally and no sense of hierarchy. The exterior element on the other hand does not reflect to the interior space. The building, from the outside, reads as a private-corporate space. The building and environment or site has a disconnection, where the building is treated as an object. The Willis Faber & Dumas can be built anywhere in the world, it’s not site specific. In a way, it has a positive outcome towards not being site specific, meaning this concept can work worldwide. Going back to the history of the corridor, how it was mainly used for organizing the architecture program layout of the building, which the corridor acts as a spine; combining these programs together as one. Robin Evans stated in his book, “the relation of rooms to each other being the relationship of their doors, the sole purpose of the thoroughfares is to bring these doors into a proper sytem of communication.” From what my understanding of doors, is it brings new communication or introduce a new program with one another.

ALZ ALZ ALZ Student Nursing Student Student Facility Nursing Nursing Facility Facility

ALZ ALZ ALZ Veterans Resource Veterans Veterans Center Resource Resource Center Center

ALZ ALZ ALZ Teen Center Teen Teen Center Center

ALZ Child Development Center

ALZ Art + Music Culture Center

ALZ Cafe

sequential diagram

2 Pathways as Landmarks

1 Overall Footprint

3 Connecting the Dots

Receiving Facilities Technical Arts

t Studen Nursing SQFT 1,200

Industry Technology Education Center

Comm

Bookstore

Life Science

CADV

Chemistry

Programs: a) Family / Human Science b) Agriculture

Center for Applied Technology

Baseball Field

Technical District

Shops

Physics

Humanities

th Nor Gym Te 10 en C ,000 en SQ ter FT

k doc Mur ium Stad

Programs: a) Student Services

t den Stu ices v Ser

LRC Library

Art-

Poo

Teen Center

Mus

CDC 10,000 SQFT

Admissions

t den Stu vites Acti ter n e C

s Ed Phy letics th & A ield F Inst

Veterans Resource Center

pus

Math Business Allied Health

e urc so QFT Re S n 00 ra ,0 te r 5 Ve nte Ce

Social District

Student Nursing Facility

Child Development Center

2 Pathways as Landmarks

1 Overall Footprint

3 Connecting the Dots

Receiving Facilities Technical Arts

Industry Technology Education Center

Comm

Bookstore

nt g Stude Nursin SQFT 1,200

Life Science

CADV

Chemistry

Programs: a) Family / Human Science b) Agriculture

Center for Applied Technology

Baseball Field

Technical District

Shops

Physics

Humanities

th Nor Gym Te 10 en C ,00 e 0 S nte QF r T

LRC Library

Teen Center

Mus

l Art

Poo

CDC 10,000 SQFT

cien

ial S

Soc

e t Polic artmen Dep

see Mar itorium Aud

Mu C sic 7,50 ente 0 SQ r FT

Programs: a) Music b) Art

th Sou Gym

rth

A C rt 7,50 ente 0SQ r FT

visual & performing Arts District

So Field

nis Ten t r Cou

Child Development Center

pus Cam ter a The

-No

ll ftba

Admissions

t den Stu ites iv Act ter n Ce

s Ed Phy letics th & A ield F Inst

k doc Mur ium Stad

Programs: a) Student Services

t den Stu ices v Ser

Veterans Resource Center

Math Business Allied Health

e urc T so QF Re S n 00 ra ,0 te r 5 Ve nte Ce

Social District

Student Nursing Facility

Art & Music Cultural Center

king Par el] v [5 le

Cafe T 0 SQF

2,50

public District Programs: a) Cafe

Cafe Nurses (Civilian)

Nursing Student Facility

Medic (Military)

Tutoring

Playgroups

Veterans Resource Center

Teen Center

Growth

Child Development Center

Show Artwork

Art & Music Cultural Center

Cafe

5 Relationship Through Section

4 Zoning by Ramp-and-Void Adjacencies

nt g Stude Nursin SQFT 1,200

s Re n ra ,0 te r 5 Ve nte Ce

Mus

Programs: a) Music b) Art

nis Ten rt Cou

th Sou Gym

Child Development Center

pus Cam ter a The

Ar Ce t 7,50 nter 0SQ FT

visual & performing Arts District

tball Sof Field

Nor Art-

Poo

CDC 10,000 SQFT

Math Busine Allied Healt

do Mur ium Stad

Programs: a) Student Services

cien

ial S

Soc

e t Polic rtmen Depa

ee Mars itorium Aud

Mus Ce ic 7,50 nter 0 SQ FT

Art & Music Cultural Center

ing Park el] v [5 le

Cafe T 0 SQF

2,50

public District Programs: a) Cafe

Cafe Nurses (Civilian)

Medic (Military)

Nursing Student Facility

Tutoring

Playgroups

Veterans Resource Center

Growth

Teen Center

Child Development Center

Show Artwork

Art & Music Cultural Center

Cafe

5 Relationship Through Section

4 Zoning by Ramp-and-Void Adjacencies

t Studen Nursing SQFT 1,200

e urc FT so Re SQ n 00 ra ,0 te r 5 Ve nte Ce CDC 10,000 SQFT

Ar Ce t 7,50 nter 0SQ FT

6 Existing Columns

7 Breaking the Pattern

8 Extending the Boundaries

tball Sof Field

king Par el] v [5 le

BLV

RED

EA OB

tball Sof Field

king Par el] v [5 le

BLV

RED

EA OB

Current

EA OB

king Par el] v [5 le

BLV

RED

Carving

tball Sof Field

Slanted Layout

BLV

RED

EA OB

Grided Layout

Schematic Section Art Center

Memory Care Center

COLLEGE (STUDENTS)

Schematic Section

Medical/Dietary/Pharmacy General Laundry Clean Utility Soiled Utility Linen Storage General Storage Nurses Station, Ward Secretary Exam/Treatment Room Unit Supply and Equipment Staﬀ Toilet Stretcher/Wheelchair Storage Kitchenette Trash Collection

FAMILY (PUBLIC)

Art Center

Memory Care Center

0’

25’

75’

Public/Resident Toilets Barber/Salon Resident Storage Bedroom

Schematic Plans

art center 1500sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

waiting area 50 sqft

general administration 120sqft

general administration 120sqft office 120 sqft min

administrator 200 sqft

assistant administrator 150sqft

medical officer 150sqft

assistant administrator 150sqft general warehouse storage 90 sqft

chapel 450 sqft

dining area 300 sqft

medical officer 150sqft

nurse station 260 sqft

employee lounge 500sqft min

clerical staff 80sqft medical/dietary /pharmacy 90 sqft

nurse-dictation area 120sqft medical/dietary /pharmacy 90 sqft

medical support 140 sqft

physical therapy 75 sqft

soiled utility 105 sqft

linen storage 150 sqft

medical support 140 sqft

chapel 450 sqft

general laundry 105 sqft

clean utility 120 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

multipurpose 225 sqft

resident laundry 125 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

nurse station 260 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

wheelchair storage 100 sqft general laundry 105 sqft

janitor area 40sqft

linen storage 150 sqft

exam/treatment room 140 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

general storage 100 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

medication room 75 sqft

medication room 75 sqft occupational therapy 75 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

general storage 100 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

exam/treatment room 140 sqft physical therapy 75 sqft

therapy pool 240 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

therapy pool 240 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

wheelchair storage 100 sqft

janitor area 40sqft

occupational therapy 75 sqft bedroom 150 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

soiled utility 105 sqft

resident laundry 125 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

kitchenette 150 sqft

janitor area 40 sqft

multipurpose 225 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

trash collection 60 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

employee lounge 500sqft min

comp. area 40 sqft

waiting area 50 sqft

dining area 300 sqft

clerical staff 80sqft

office 120 sqft min

conference room 500 sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

unit supply and equip 50 sqft trash collection 60 sqft

nurse-dictation area 120sqft kitchenette 150 sqft

music center 1500sqft

conference room 500 sqft

administrator 200 sqft

mail room 120sqft

general warehouse storage 90 sqft

janitor area 40 sqft

mail room 120sqft

bedroom 150 sqft

building maintenance storage 40sqft

lobby 600sqft min

Cafe 2,500 SQFT

bedroom 150 sqft

building maintenance storage 40sqft

unit supply and equip 50 sqft

clean utility 120 sqft

art center 1500sqft

Schematic # 1

Schematic # 2

0’

25’

75’

cal Therapy ry

nistrator ant Administrator cal Oﬃcer e and Dictation Area ral Admission al Staﬀ uter Area erence Room Room or’s Closet yee Lockers yee Lounge yee Toilets ng Maintenance Storage ral Warehouse Storage cal/Dietary/Pharmacy ral Laundry Utility d Utility Storage ral Storage es Station, Ward Secretary /Treatment Room upply and Equipment Toilet cher/Wheelchair Storage enette Collection

Schematic Section Art Center

Memory Care Center

0’

25’

75’

c/Resident Toilets er/Salon ent Storage oom

art center 1500sqft

summer workshop Week 2

Rules of Notation

HALF

FULL

-walls integrated to columns -limited space in between

-walls integrated to columns -space in between -horizontal and/or vertical

SLANTED

-walls integrated to columns -space in between -oblique > orthagonal

CIRCULATION -stair -ramp

TRUE STRUCTURE -left alone

MODIFIED STRUCTURE

-circular columns

EXISTING COLUMN GRID

EXTENSION OF COLLEGE PATHS

COLLEGE PROGRAMS

LANDMARKS

PROGRAMS

CIRCULATION

2nd LEVEL

Student-Nursing Facility

Veteras Resource Center

Teen Center

Daycare Center

Art & Music Culture Center

Cafe

LANDMARKS DENSITY Low

High

CIRCULATION Primary Secondary Accessability to 2nd Level

Week 5

PROGRAM

/ in result of college facilities layout / same volume for massing? E Existing Program P Proposed Program

Life Science

-Student-Nursing Program

Student Center

-Child Development Center -Teen Center P -Veterans Resource Center

P P

Arts & Music -Art Center P -Music Center

LANDMARKS / in result of pedestrian traffic and access Entry Points

noise / in result of college sport facilities, vehicle traffic, and park

massing / in result of bridging between entr points

1/2

1 * Equivalent to 3.5 city blocks

Promenade Concept: To celebrate all 3 levels of parking structure. The â&#x20AC;&#x153;spineâ&#x20AC;? becomes an extension of the park. The 2nd level is strictly for the Elderly; with visual connection to the program below.

100

bridge Concept: The tertiary river, Dominguez Channel, at times gets ďŹ lled with water during the rainy seasons. A series of bridges are provided for pedestrian access from one side to another.

101

Week 9

102

Residents

StaďŹ&#x20AC; / Nurses

Family / Public

Children

Zoning

Extending

Connecting

Carving

Overlapping

Pushing-Pulling

SITE SELECTION: I chose the mid-section of the Spine; where I believe it is the most active space from both the Park and College. The lines represents movement of the people between the two sides. For example: a) connecting between paths and b) from college stadium to park. MAIN USER GROUPS:

Elderly

Shared Space

Children MASSING CONFIGURATIONS: a

103

Dwelling Learning

Doing

Caring Gathering

A) CARING

B) DOING

-Gathering Room / Game Room -Reading Room -Senior Lounge -Senior Daycare -Playing Pad -Playground -Individual Rooms: -Newborn -Toddlers -Preschoolers

-Art -Music -Meditation -Physical Exercise -Therapy Pools -Crafts -Garden -Individual/Open Classrooms

C) LEARNING

D) DWELLING

-Individual/Open Classrooms -Cooking -Garden -Crafts -Library -Computer Lab -Languages -Multipurpose Room

-Bedrooms -Private -Shared -Bathrooms -Private -Shared -Patio / Open Space -Garden -Dining

D) GATHERING -Theraphy Pools -Agricultural -Meditation

104

1 A104

Ground Plan 1" = 40'-0"

105

106

Long Section 1" = 30'-0"

107

108

109

Week 13

Below Grade [Level -1]

Circulation: Vertical

on Grade

above Grade [Level 1]

Circulation: Latitude [East-West]

Circulation: Longtitude [North-South]

110

Elderly

Shared Space

Children

DN DN

Ground Plan 1" = 40'-0"

111

112

Long Section

113

114