col o r the or y s p r i n g c a t e r i n a
2 0 1 6
v
g a r c Ă a
table of contents
03 color + you 05 color + theory 07 color + designers 22 color + film 31 color + balance 33 color + photography 37 color + rhythm 39 color + retail 49 color + proportion/scale 51 color + hospitality 57 color + rendering 60 color + workplace 66 color + culture
color + you
objectives create a web blog and populate it with information about yourself; blog will serve as a way to document work done throughout the semester outcomes upon completion of this module, my website was beginning to take shape and all of my work from previous semesters had been loaded; this module helped me to further familiarize myself with wordpress
objectives learn about the basic vocabulary associated with color and its practical use in the field of interior design outcomes after reading the chapter, I was much more familiar with the meanings of terms that I had heard previously, the chapter also provided information about various theories regarding color and how to use them in design
color + theory
theories ideas concepts thoughts reflection characteristics
objectives select a designer + project from the given list and create a presentation that analyzes the use of color and its effects
color + designers
outcomes after much research on the luis barragan studio and house, I learned more about how various colors can be used to create a cohesive design; though the house uses many different colors, what is particularly striking is how the color is used to emphasize the architecture rather than mask it
l u i s b a r r a g รก n House and Studio
t a b l e
o f
C o n t e n t s 3...the designer
9...pink
4...the inspiration
10...orange
5...guiding thought
11...yellow
6...the plans
12...green
7...the elevations
13...conclusion
8....the sections
14...references
3
G u a d a l a j a ra , M ex i c o
Education: Escuela Libre de Ingenieros Guadalajara, Mexico; 1923 Studied engineering, no formal architecture education
Awards: retrospective at Museum of Modern Art, New York; Pritzker Architecture Prize
t h e d e s i g n e r : L u i s B a r r a g ĂĄ n
M a rc h 9 , 1 9 0 2 – N o ve m b e r 2 2 , 1 9 8 8
4
C o r b u s i e r N
t h e
i n s p i r a t i o n :
L e
M ex i c a n
C u l t u re
a
t
u
r
e
5
“ A n y w o r k o f w h i c h d o e s s e r e n i t y i s
a r c h i t e c t u r e n o t e x p r e s s a m i s t a k e . ”
6
p
l
a
n
s
7
e
l
e
v
a
t
i
o
n
s
8
s
e
c
t
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9
color focus: P This upon the color
I
N
K
i s t h e f i rst co l o r e n co u ntered e nter i n g t h e h o m e , s ett i n g to n e fo r t h e h i g h i m p a c t s ee n th rou g h ou t th e h ome .
The color scheme focuses on varying hues of the colors, while integrating neutrals, such as white, natural stone, and wood.
10
color focus: O R A N G E Orange is used for some of the larger exterior walls. Because the color was used on such large scale, it had a significant impact on visitors to the home and studio.
11
color focus: Y E L L O W Used heavily on the interior to emulate sunlight, this color contributes to the light and airy feel of many rooms, and acts as a spotlight to certain figures throughout the home and studio.
12
color focus: G
R
E
E
N
This color is the least used throughout the home, but is predominantly present in the studio areas. It is also the color with the least intensity and saturation.
13
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
C o l o r i s u s e d t h ro u g h o u t t h e h o m e i n a p u r p o s e f u l w ay, and often serves to highlight features of the architecture which distinguish it from its contemporary structures. While having an overall simple shape and form, the use of color elevates the architecture to highlight the natural materials used throughout the home. B y r e d u c i n g t h e u s e o f w i n d o w s t o t h e e x t e r i o r, a m o r e private + “cozy � environment was created. Color is ultimately used to frame + draw attention to the elements thought to be most important by the architect.
14
r e f e r e n c e s casaluisbarragan.org www.pritzkerprize.com/1980/bio whc.unesco.org/en/list/1136/ en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Barragรกn
objectives choose a film from the given list and analyze the use of color in the film and how it affects the viewer outcomes having not paid too much attention to the use of color in film before, this module was particularly eyeopening, and it allowed me to see the world of film with a new perspective; color really can affect the way a character is portrayed and can ultimately sway the audience’s feelings and perceptions
color + film
spike jonze
her caterina
v.
garcĂa
film
analysis
about
Directed by Spike Jonze starring Joaquin Phoenix and Scarlett Johansson; depicts a modern day romance between a man (Theodore) and the operating system of his computer (Samantha). The film depicts a man who finds solace after a divorce in the relationship developed with Samantha. His growing uncertainty and depression (and happiness at times), is shown through the use of colors that are said to depict these emotions.
red love, happiness, comfort, excitement Theodore is wearing red when he is with Sam; used to adorn the office. Theodore is in love, but lonely and yearning for the physical affection that humans provide.
blue Blue is used to exemplify discomfort and sadness ( S a m a n t h a l e a v i n g T h e o d o r e , C a t h e r i n e ’s unhappiness with her writing). Theodore wears more blue as the movie develops, showcasing his depression and dissatisfaction with his life.
c a l m n e s s i n t e n s i t y s a d n e s s j e a l o u s y d i s c o m f o r t
Representative of neutrality or indifference. Theodore is shown wearing white at the beginning of the film, indicating his indifference towards his failing marriage.
white c
a
l
m
s e r e n i t y o
r
d
e
r
yellow uncertainty
confusion
discomfort
Ye l l o w i s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h d i s t r e s s a n d a m b i g u i t y. T h e o d o r e i s s h o w n w e a r i n g
this color when his uncertainty about his relationship with Samantha arises.
c o n c l u s i o n The a
film
uses
prop—color
emotions while the
that
color is
as
used
the
more to
to
just
convey
the
character
simultaneously audience
than
feel
is
having
encouraging the
same
w a y.
The colors used affords the audience a rarity in the film industry—to understand t h e c h a r a c t e r ’s e m o t i o n s o n a l e v e l d e e p e r than
what
dialogue
alone
can
provide.
p s y c h o l o g y. a b o u t . c o m / o d / sensationandperception/a/ colorpsych.htm w w w. r e d d i t . c o m / r / m o v i e s / comments/1v2iop/color_use_in_ her_spoilers/
r e f e r e n c e s w w w. f a s t c o c r e a t e .
com/3023518/designing-afuture-of-comfort-color-andgorgeous-gadgets-in-her w w w. i m d b . c o m / t i t l e / t t 1 7 9 8 7 0 9 /
objectives understand about how to balance the use of color, hue versus saturation versus contrast versus intensity; comprehend how to use color within a given space
color + balance
outcomes upon completion of this model, I understood the idea of balancing colors in their different states; I also learned about how to balance a space through the use of symmetry and balance
intensity balance scale saturation contrast
color + photography
objectives explore photography with a new perspective on color using the information learned thus far in the class outcomes upon reading the assignment, I immediately went through my existing pictures and found a few images that I had previously taken that I wanted to experiment with; this module made me much more comfortable with photoshop and more confident in my photographic knowledge
objectives discover how the use of rhythm in design affects the user’s experience, learn how to differentiate between repetition, alternation, progression, continuation, and radiation outcomes after reading this chapter, I was able to understand how essential it is to have a rhythm within design because it facilitates and guides an experience and how a visitor perceives a space
color + rhythm
repetition pattern rhythm wave
color + retail
objectives using a retail location of your choosing, explore the use of color and how a brand is represented through its design outcomes by visiting a retail location that I go to frequently and seeing it with a new perspective, I was able to really understand how essential design and the use of color is to a brand and the display of their products
C a t e r i n a V. G a r c Ă a R et ai l Anal ysi s
Contents 01. storefront 02. interior 03. male retail 04. female retail 05. hue + value 06. conclusions 07. resources
Storefront The exterior design of the stores varies from location to location, but the brand’s name is always front and center. Most retain the company’s signature black and white colorscape. top left: The Grove Street Market, California center: Lincoln Road, Miami Beach, Florida bottom right: Seattle Coliseum Theater, Seattle, Washington
Interior The interiors usually have a clear differentiation between the male and female sides: the female side is mostly w h i t e , w h i l e t h e m a l e s i d e i s d a r k e r. Most stores also use a framing system, where the store is divided into several bays, of roughly the same square footage, which define the circulation throughout the store. Both sides of the store use the same fixtures and setup, as to not draw further distinction between the two. left
+
right:
Banana
Republic,
Dadeland
Mall,
Miami,
Florida
Male Retail Defined by using d a r k e l e m e n t s , such as a wall, or a wood installment. Darker colors (usually black, dark grey, or a rich brown) are said to define the masculine environment. Textural juxtapositions come from the floor (usually wood) versus the smooth wall surfaces. Color in these areas is p r e s e n t e d i n i t ’s darkest and most saturated form.
contrast of a design feature + focal point: vision is drawn to the darker elements because they have the highest saturation and contrast the lighter elements left: Dadeland Mall, Miami, Florida right: Flagship Store, Portland, Oregon
focal point: glass and wood encased stair. contrast of design element: the dark casings and wood features contrast the light marble floors and glossy ceiling surface, as well as the light colored walls left + right: Flagship Store Milan, Italy
Female Retail Lighter and airer; dark elements are still present, but there is a much more prominent use of white + cream. Textural juxtapositions come from the upholstery (such as seating) and the rigid geometry of the architecture. C o l o r i s p r e s e n t e d i n i t ’s l i g h t e s t a n d least saturated form, subtly more lighted than the male side.
top left: The Grove Street Market, California center: Flagship Store, Portland, Oregon bottom: Union Square, San Francisco, California
H u e + Va l u e Because the entire store ranges from black to white, it uses the various values of the colors black and white. The use of black, white and grey throughout the store, allows for the focus to be on the merchandise, while also showcasing the design.
S o h o
F l a g s h i p
S t o r e ,
N e w
Y o r k
C i t y ,
N e w
Y o r k
Conclusion The cohesive color palette used throughout the whole brand defines the identity and design style of the brand not only in merchandise, but in architectural style. The design is executed in a manner which is simple and striking, two qualities that have come to be expected from the brand.
Resources architecturaldigest.com/story/calhoun-article linearchitecture.com/?open=architecture& project=2 absolute-interiordesign.com/?p=816 nytimes.com/2014/11/16/realestate/bananarepublic-executive-decorates-her-home.html?_ r=0 republicofdecor.com/about.html shulman-design.com/banana-republic-chasefederal-bank/
color + proportion/scale
objectives the main goal of this module is to understand the differences between scale and proportion and how each can be portrayed in design; how a color is repeated (or not repeated) throughout a design can serve to emphasize the design outcomes upon completion of the module, I was able to understand how important the scale of a certain color can be within a space, and also how the proportion of color versus desaturated elements can inform a design
fibonnacci sequence golden section contrast tatami grid
objectives using a local property of your choosing, analyze the use of color and texture in the materiality throughout the property and how it affects the way the property is seen and experienced by the user outcomes by further analyzing how a hospitality property uses color, I was able to see how color does not always have to be shocking to be effective and striking to a user; by studying a property that was locally based, I was able to see how I could potentially apply materials and color in a project in a beach or more tropical setting
color + hospitality
THE SETAI MIAMI BEACH
Caterina V. Garcia
Color + Variety in Hospitality
S e ta i H o t e l , 2 0 0 1 C o lli n s Av e , M i a m i B e a c h , Fl o r i d a Architects: Alayo Architects, Schapiro Associates Interior Designer: Jean Michel Gathy of Deniston International Architects Area: 245,000 square feet Units: 87 Hotel Units/187 Condominiums Features: spa, restaurants, pools, beach access
Shape |SHāp|one or more lines connecting to form a two-dimensional image such as a square, circle, or triangle Throughout the hotel, clean lines are maintained, in tune with the Asian design. These lines are seen not only in the built environment, but the natural environment as well. The shapes that are most often repeated throughout the property are squares and rectangles, though there are circles implemented, which represent harmony and unity.
Line |līn|the connection points in space
between
two
The hotel sports various visual linear extensions, which draw the eye forward, and encourage the visitors to continue to explore what comes next. The lines created by the design create visual interest, as well as providing a repetitive factor which contributes to the “zen” environment that Asian design aspires to create.
Pattern |’padərn| an arrangement or sequence regularly found in comparable objects; a regular and intelligible form or sequence Pattern throughout the property is established through the implementation of simple lines, and complex geometries, which occur in modular components. Each separate area employs a different pattern, which aids in the identification of the functions of various spaces.
texture |’teksCHər| the characteristic visual and tactile quality of the surface of a material resulting from the way in which the materials are constructed or combined together Juxtaposition and change in materials helps to provide transitions between the various facets of the program, but is especially present in the passage from indoor to outdoor spaces. The inside of the hotel’s dark, warm colors create a sultry and intimate environment, while the airy slat-filled design of the exterior, accompanied by the light-colored natural stone serves to create a much more relaxed and casual setting.
design outcomes The inside of the hotel’s dark, warm colors create a sultry and intimate environment, while the airy slat-filled design of the exterior, accompanied by the light-colored natural stone serves to create a much more relaxed and casual setting. Subtle pops of color found throughout the hotel (mainly through the placement of oranges and flora) break up what could be an otherwise mundane palette. The tasteful blend of Asian-inspired design and Art-Deco affords visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in an experience that is both uniquely oriental while maintaining ubiety in Miami.
objectives learn how to use photoshop to render color and materials into a space using the given line drawing outcomes by using photoshop to render the space, I was able to gain a greater understanding of how to apply realistic materials to elements within a design, I was also able to explore more of the color themes that I was expecting to use in my studio project, so this module resonated strongly with me
color + rendering
accent 1
accent 2
main color
accent 3
accent 4
d esig n g o a l s The color palette chosen for this rendering is derived from a sea urchin. Because of this, I wanted to incorporate natural elements, such as the marble tables and floors, and the woven lamp, which appears organic, both in form and in material. I used colors from the palette in various opacities to create this design.
co l o rs accent 1: this pale blue creates a calming effect, and was used as the main accent color accent 2: this color is one that produces a serene effect and was used as the textile on the couches main color: this color encourages approachability, and was used in a lower opacity as the main wall color throughout the room accent 3: beige is a color that promotes friendliness, and a grayer version was used as the accent color surrounding the windows accent 4: this light blue color was merged with a more green tone to create the interior framing of the windows, and it also produces a calming effect
c a te ri n a v . g a rci a c o l o r
+
r e n d e r i n g
I was inspired by the color palettes that related to the sea, and I could not choose between these two, so I decided to do both. Although they have many elements that are the same, the change from a warm main color to a cool one completely alters the feel of the space.
d esig n g o a l s For this rendering, the palette chosen comes from the concept of a ship that is docked. As such, I wanted to incorporate the blue tones, while also using industrial pieces, such as the light fixtures and the planter. Here, the grays were used as the main tones, and the blues were used as accent colors. Because it also had a beach atmosphere, I chose to keep the marble tables and flooring, which compliment the natural setting which inspired the color palette.
co l o rs main color: gray is often said to have a calming effect, and this one used as the dominant color sets the tone for the room accent 1: this dark color often incites feelings of home, as it is a color which is reminiscent of coziness, here, the marble color was inspired by it accent 2: also within he gray family, this color invokes a calming effect accent 3: the final gray tone in this palette forms a bridge between the blue and gray families accent 4: this light blue color was used as the main accent, and much like its grey counterparts, is said to be calming main color
accent 1
accent 2
accent 3
accent 4
color + workplace
objectives using the given list of workplace projects, choose one and study the use of color in the space and how it affects the users and employees outcomes after completing this module, I had a greater understanding of how design affects an environment and its users; by studying the various workplaces provided, I learned about the application of color and how it can affect the experience of a worker and how they go about their daily lives
caterina v. garcĂa
color + variety
workplace design analysis
designer: Huntsman Architectural Group location: San Rafael, CA completion date: December 2012 size: 46,000 square feet
variety: design principal concerned with the combination of one or more color elements that use line, shape, texture, and/or pattern to create diversity and contrast in an interior space
material: throughout the project, there is a presence of natural wood in various tones; it is usually arranged in a fragmented manner which produces parametric shapes; the presence of the wood allows for the incorporation of nature into an area otherwise dominated by technology; other materials used throughout the project include concrete, high-gloss surfaces, and textiles color: though a specific color scheme is not used throughout the office, certain areas have concentrations of color that serve to offset the otherwise white, grey, and wood surfaces; the color that is incorporated comes by way of textiles, wall finishes, or artwork; the patterns used carry through various planes and are exclusive to each area
textiles: the fabrics used throughout the project are bright in color and offset the neutral base palette of the office; pattern is not used frequently, but can be seen sparsely in furniture, such as the bench in the photo above color flooding: when color is used in a particular room, it becomes the dominant feature, and neutral tones become the accents; this can be seen in the images above and to the left, where the offices are completely covered in the chosen color with the exception of limited elements, such as the furniture, which becomes neutral in these spaces
collaborative space: as a company that develops software, collaboration is essential to the success of the business, collaborative spaces throughout the workplace are often open, to allow free conversation between employees, or smaller secluded rooms that can be used by a select group of employees working on specific tasks ceiling design: the ceilings throughout the office are either highly designed (below), or left completely bare (left) to showcase the infrastructure of the building; ceilings react to the fixtures below them (below), where the ceiling condition is dropped directly above the space where employees collaborate, creating a more intimate setting
LEED certification: because of Autodesk’s commitment to be a LEED certified building, there is an extensive use of natural lighting throughout the building, which significantly reduces the need for artificial lighting, the electricity is managed by automatic dimmers which detect sunlight; electric vehicle charging stations are also incorporated design outcomes: sensitivity to the ever-changing environment of the workplace and the need for collaborative spaces was at the forefront of the design process for Autodesk’s newest offices, led by the team at Huntsman Architectural Group; the incorporation of the company’s desire to be green and the modern technology which they produce led to the creation of a space that is a mixture of natural elements and industrial science; in this project, color is used to bring people together, which is essential for a company dependent upon employee collaboration references: gensler.com/projects/autodesk?l=all&s=title; huntsmanag.com
objectives using your own culture + a culture of your choosing, create a presentation that analyzes how each individual culture uses color in different ways outcomes when comparing my cuban culture to something radically different, I thought that I would find hardly anything in common, however, the cuban and swedish cultures have much more in common than I originally anticipated; this module gave me the opportunity to explore the design elements in in cuba, as well as nordic design which has always fascinated me
color + culture
c a t e r i n a v. g a r c Ă a color + culture
cuba & sweden
cuba
overview: cuba is a country that appears to provide a snapshot of the mid-twentieth century, cars typical of the 1950s crowd the streets while the people of cuba walk by bright multi-colored buildings which reflect the vivacious and upbeat spirit of the cuban people government: cuba has been under communist rule since the first of the castro brothers took over, causing many countries to cut off all ties to cuba; as a result, most of the architecture and technology remains as it was in the 1950s architecture: most cuban architecture is very traditional with arches, domes, ornate columns, etc.; however, the whimsical charm comes from the colors in which the buildings are painted; however, in the countryside, things are much different with most people living in straw covered, dilapidated structures colors: the cuban flag consists of three colors, red, white, and blue; red (representative of blood) is contained within a triangular shape which is representative of liberty, equality, and fraternity; blue and white appear in the stripes of the flag where the three blue stripes represent the old divisions of the island: central, occidental, and oriental and the white stripes represent the ideal of independence; the white star is placed within the red triangle as is representative of freedom
c
u
b
a
overview: sweden is made up of thousands of islands, it shares its main land area with norway and finland and the country has an agricultural and maritime culture; sweden is famously home to some of the most well-known viking warriors government: sweden is an independant kingdom, part of the european union; a democratic parliament
formally but is it has system
architecture: modern swedish architecture is markedly minimalistic in form and uses “simple� materials for construction; traditional swedish architecture takes inspiration from germany and uses roof systems with high pitches and construction usually consists of wood
sweden
colors: the swedish flag is blue and yellow, the blue represents loyalty, trust, and justice, while the yellow cross represents generosity; traditional swedish architecture is very colorful, using pastels and jewel tones, while modern swedish design takes a much more minimalistic approach, and cues from danish design and sticks to simple monochromatic palettes of whites, greys, and other extremely desaturated colors with small accents of color
s
w
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d
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r e f e r e n c e s
dezeen.com indexmundi.com/cuba/flag_description.html government.se mapsofworld.com/flags/sweden-flag.html