Total meat production has increased steadily in the US, but the rate of increase has declined in recent years. Beef production has remained steady since at least the 1970s, but pork and poultry production continue to increase. 50
Total red meat and poultry
Kgs (billions)
40
*
30 20
Broilers Beef
10 0
Pork
1977
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
1984-89
1989-94
1994-99
1999-2004
2005
2010
Percentage change in total red meat and poultry production
25 20 15 10 5 0
1979-84
2004-09
meat includes beef, pork, veal, lamb, and mutton. Poultry includes broilers, other chicken and turkey. * Red Production does not equal consumption as imports and exports are not included.
Data source: Meat Statistics. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2015.
2009-14
2014
Antimicrobial use per unit of meat has increased every year from 2009 to 2014 in the US.
Antimicrobials per 1,000 kgs of meat produced
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
2009
2010
2011
Data sources: Meat Statistics. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2015. 2014 Summary Report on Antimicrobials Sold or Distributed for Use in Food-Producing Animals. FDA. 2015.
2012
2013
2014
Sales of most classes of antimicrobial drugs approved for use in food-producing animals have increased in the US, 2009-2014. Medically important 6
Not currently medically important
Not medically important
7
Feed Injection Intramammary Oral or Topical Water
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Kgs (millions)
Kgs (millions)
B). Feed and water were the major routes of administration of medically important antibiotics in 2014.
4
Aminoglycosides
3
Cephalosporins Lincosamides
2
Macrolides Penicillins Sulfas
1
Tetracyclines NIR* Ionophores
0
Aminoglycosides Cephalosporins Lincosamides
Macrolides
Penicillins
Sulfas
Tetracyclines
2009
NIR*
2010
2011
Ionophores
2012
A). Tetracyclines have consistently been the most frequently used antimicrobials in food-producing animals during 2009-14. *NIR = Not Independently Reported. Data source: 2014 Summary Report on Antimicrobials Sold or Distributed for Use in Food-Producing Animals. FDA. 2015.
NIR*
NIR*
2013
-50
2014
0
50
100 150 200 Percentage change
C). Lincosamides, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides–all medically important antimicrobial classes–had the highest relative increase during 2009-14.
8