DRAFT landscape of COVID-19 candidate vaccines – 15 May 2020 8 candidate vaccines in clinical evaluation Platform
Type of candidate vaccine
Developer
Coronavirus target
Current stage of clinical evaluation/regulatory statusCoronavirus candidate
Same platform for non-Coronavirus candidates
NonReplicating Viral Vector
Adenovirus Type 5 Vector
CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology
SARS-CoV2
Phase 2 ChiCTR2000031781 Phase 1 ChiCTR2000030906
Ebola
RNA
LNPencapsulated mRNA
Moderna/NIAID
SARS-CoV2
Phase 2 (IND accepted) Phase 1 NCT04283461
multiple candidates
Inactivated
Inactivated
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1/2 ChiCTR2000031809
Inactivated
Inactivated
Wuhan Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm Beijing Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1/2 ChiCTR2000032459
Inactivated
Inactivated + alum
Sinovac
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1/2 NCT04352608
SARS
NonReplicating Viral Vector
ChAdOx1
University of Oxford
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1/2 NCT04324606
MERS, influenza, TB, Chikungunya, Zika, MenB, plague
RNA
3 LNP-mRNAs
BioNTech/Fosun Pharma/Pfizer
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1/2 2020-001038-36 NCT04368728
DNA
DNA plasmid vaccine with electroporation
Inovio Pharmaceuticals
SARS-CoV2
Phase 1 NCT04336410
multiple candidates
110 candidate vaccines in preclinical evaluation Platform
SARS-CoV2
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical
DNA
Karolinska Institute / Cobra Biologics (OPENCORONA Project) DNA plasmid vaccine Osaka University/ AnGes/ Takara Bio DNA Takis/Applied DNA Sciences/Evvivax Plasmid DNA, Immunomic Therapeutics, Needle-Free Delivery Inc./EpiVax, Inc./PharmaJet DNA plasmid vaccine Zydus Cadila
Current stage of clinical evaluation/regulatory status- Coronavirus candidate Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
DNA DNA DNA DNA Inactivated
DNA vaccine DNA vaccine DNA vaccine bacTRL-Spike Inactivated
SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical
Inactivated
TBD
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
DNA
DNA DNA DNA
Type of candidate vaccine
Developer
DNA with electroporation
BioNet Asia University of Waterloo Entos Pharmaceuticals Symvivo Institute of Medical Biology , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Osaka University/ BIKEN/ NIBIOHN
Coronavirus target
Same platform for nonCoronavirus candidates
SARS
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 global of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.
Inactivated Inactivated Inactivated Live Attenuated Virus Live Attenuated Virus NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector Nonreplicating viral vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector NonReplicating Viral Vector Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Inactivated + CpG 1018 Inactivated + CpG 1018 Inactivated
Sinovac/Dynavax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Valneva/Dynavax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Research Institute for Biological SARS-CoV2 Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan Codagenix/Serum Institute of India SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Indian Immunologicals Ltd/Griffith University
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
GeoVax/BravoVax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
LASV, EBOV, MARV, HIV
Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Ebola, HIV, RSV
Replication defective ReiThera/LEUKOCARE/Univercells Simian Adenovirus (GRAd) encoding SARS-CoV-2 S MVA-S encoded DZIF – German Center for Infection Research
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-clinical
Many
adenovirus-based NasoVAX expressing SARS2-CoV spike protein Ad5 S (GREVAX™ platform)
Altimmune
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
influenza
Greffex
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
MERS
Oral Ad5 S
Stabilitech Biopharma Ltd
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Zika, VZV, HSV2 and Norovirus
adenovirus-based + HLA-matched peptides Oral Vaccine platform
Valo Therapeutics Ltd
Pan-Corona
Pre-Clinical
Vaxart
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
MVA expressing structural proteins
Centro Nacional Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Spain
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Dendritic cell-based vaccine
University of Manitoba
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)-based vaccine expressing the spike protein Recombinant deactivated rabies virus containing S1 Capsid-like Particle
University of Georgia/University of Iowa
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
MERS
Bharat Biotech/Thomas Jefferson University
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
HeV, NiV, EBOV, LASSA, CCHFV, MERS
AdaptVac (PREVENT-nCoV consortium) ExpreS2ion
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
IMV Inc
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
WRAIR/USAMRIID
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
National Institute of Infectious Disease, Japan
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Codon deoptimized live attenuated vaccines Codon deoptimized live attenuated vaccines MVA encoded VLP
Ad26
Drosophila S2 insect cell expression system VLPs Peptide antigens formulated in LNP S protein S protein +Adjuvant
Pre-Clinical
HAV, InfA, ZIKV, FMD, SIV, RSV, DENV
InfA, CHIKV, LASV, NORV; EBOV, RVF, HBV, VEE Multiple candidates
Influenza
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 global of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.
Protein Subunit
VLP-recombinant protein + Adjuvant
Protein Subunit
Native like Trimeric subunit Spike Protein vaccine microneedle arrays S1 subunit Peptide
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit
Osaka University/ BIKEN/ National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Japan Clover Biopharmaceuticals Inc./GSK/Dynavax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
HIV, REV Influenza
Univ. of Pittsburgh
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
MERS
Vaxil Bio
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Adjuvanted protein subunit (RBD) Peptide
Biological E Ltd
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Flow Pharma Inc
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
S protein
AJ Vaccines
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Ii-Key peptide
Generex/EpiVax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
S protein
EpiVax/Univ. of Georgia
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
S protein Sanofi Pasteur/GSK (baculovirus production) Full length Novavax recombinant SARs CoV-2 glycoprotein nanoparticle vaccine adjuvanted with Matrix M gp-96 backbone Heat Biologics/Univ. Of Miami
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Influenza, SARS-CoV
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
RSV; CCHF, HPV, VZV, EBOV
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Molecular clamp stabilized Spike protein Peptide vaccine
University of Queensland/GSK/Dynavax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo Baylor College of Medicine
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
NSCLC, HIV, malaria, Zika Nipah, influenza, Ebola, Lassa Ebola
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
iBio/CC-Pharming
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Saint-Petersburg scientific research institute of vaccines and serums
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Innovax/Xiamen Univ./GSK
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan OncoGen
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
MIGAL Galilee Research Institute
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
LakePharma, Inc.
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Subunit vaccine S1 or RBD protein Subunit protein, plant produced Recombinant protein, nanoparticles (based on S-protein and other epitopes) COVID-19 XWG-03 truncated S (spike) proteins Adjuvanted microsphere peptide Synthetic Long Peptide Vaccine candidate for S and M proteins Oral E. coli-based protein expression system of S and N proteins Nanoparticle vaccine
Ebola, Marburg, HIV, Zika, Influenza, HPV therapeutic vaccine, BreastCA vaccine
Influenza, HIV, SARS-CoV H7N9
SARS
HPV
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 global of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Protein Subunit
Protein Subunit Protein Subunit Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector Live attenuated virus Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector
Replicating Viral Vector
Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector
Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector
Recombinant spike Vaxine Pty Ltd protein with Advax™ adjuvant OMV-based vaccine Quadram Institute Biosciences
SARS-CoV2
OMV-based vaccine
BiOMViS Srl/Univ. of Trento
SARS-CoV2
Spike-based
University of Alberta
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Recombinant S1-Fc fusion protein Recombinant protein Recombinant S protein in IC-BEVS Orally delivered, heat stable subunit S-2P protein + CpG 1018 Peptides derived from Spike protein Adjuvanted recombinant protein (RBD-Dimer)
AnyGo Technology
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Yisheng Biopharma
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Vabiotech
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Applied Biotechnology Institute, Inc. Medigen Vaccine Biologics Corporation/NIAID/Dynavax Axon Neuroscience SE
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical/ Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Neovii/Tel Aviv University
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV)peptide YF17D Vector
Intravacc/Epivax
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
KU Leuven
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Measles Vector
Zydus Cadila
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Measles Vector
Institute Pasteur/Themis/Univ. of Pittsburg Center for Vaccine Research FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo DZIF – German Center for Infection Research
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-clinical
Zika, H7N9, CHIKV
Horsepox vector expressing S protein Live viral vectored vaccine based on attenuated influenza virus backbone (intranasal) Recombinant vaccine based on Influenza A virus, for the prevention of COVID-19 (intranasal) Influenza vector expressing RBD Replicationcompetent VSV chimeric virus technology (VSVΔG) delivering the SARSCoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein. VSV-S
Tonix Pharma/Southern Research
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
BiOCAD and IEM
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Smallpox, monkeypox Influenza
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Influenza
University of Hong Kong
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
IAVI/Batavia
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Ebola, Marburg, Lassa
University of Western Ontario
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
HIV, MERS
VSV vector
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
RBD-based
Measles Vector Measles Virus (S, N targets)
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Flu A, plague
Hepatitis C
West nile, chik, Ebola, Lassa, Zika
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 global of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.
Replicating Viral Vector
UW–Madison/FluGen/Bharat Biotech
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Intravacc/ Wageningen Bioveterinary Research/Utrecht Univ. The Lancaster University, UK
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
RNA
Translate Bio/Sanofi Pasteur Fudan University/ Shanghai JiaoTong University/RNACure Biopharma Fudan University/ Shanghai JiaoTong University/RNACure Biopharma Replicating Centro Nacional Biotecnología Defective SARS-CoV- (CNB-CSIC), Spain 2 derived RNAs LNP-encapsulated University of Tokyo/ Daiichi-Sankyo mRNA LiposomeBIOCAD encapsulated mRNA Several mRNA RNAimmune, Inc. candidates mRNA FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo mRNA China CDC/Tongji University/Stermina mRNA Arcturus/Duke-NUS
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
multiple candidates
RNA
saRNA
Imperial College London
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
RNA
mRNA
Curevac
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
EBOV; LASV, MARV, Inf (H7N9), RABV RABV, LASV, YFV; MERS, InfA, ZIKV, DengV, NIPV
RNA
mRNA in an intranasal delivery system mRNA
eTheRNA
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Greenlight Biosciences
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Virus-like particle, based on RBD displayed on viruslike particles Plant-derived VLP
Saiba GmbH
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Medicago Inc.
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Imophoron Ltd and Bristol University’s Max Planck Centre Doherty Institute
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
VLP
ADDomerTM multiepitope display Unknown
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
VLP
VLP
OSIVAX
Pre-Clinical
VLP
eVLP
ARTES Biotechnology
SARS-CoV1 SARS-CoV2 SARS-CoV2
VLP
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Unknown
VLPs peptides/whole Univ. of Sao Paulo virus Unknown ImmunoPrecise
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Unknown
Unknown
Tulane University
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Unknown
Unknown
Université Laval
SARS-CoV2
Pre-Clinical
Replicating Viral Vector Replicating Viral Vector RNA RNA
RNA
RNA
RNA RNA RNA RNA RNA
RNA VLP
VLP
VLP
M2-deficient single replication (M2SR) influenza vector Newcastle disease virus vector (NDVSARS-CoV-2/Spike) Avian paramyxovirus vector (APMV) LNP-mRNA LNP-encapsulated mRNA cocktail encoding VLP LNP-encapsulated mRNA encoding RBD
Pre-Clinical
influenza
MERS
Flu, Rotavirus, Norovirus, West Nile virus, Cancer
malaria
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 global of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities). While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes), quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein. WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.