Fishery Improvement Project - OPAGAC WWF

OPAGAC-WWF Fishery Improvement Project CONSOLIDATING PRACTICES FOR RESPONSIBLE FISHING

Dr Guillermo Moreno FIP Coordinator

WHAT IS A FIP?

Pre-assessment

Scoping: What How When Who

Advisory Group meeting & Implementation work plan development

WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE FIP? FIP Started Feb 2016 ďƒ¨ Achieve certification in five years

Principle 1: Sustainable fish stocks

Blueprint of standards for Principle 2: sustainable Least environmental impact purse seine fisheries worldwide Principle 3: Effective management

HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT NEEDS IMPROVEMENT? Table 2. Pre-assessment of tuna stocks: Comparison of scores assigned to MSC Principle 1.

P I N o . P e r f o r m a n c e I n d ic a t o r 1 .1 .1 S to c k S ta tu s 1 .1 .2

S t o c k R e b u ild in g

1 .2 .1

H a rv e st S tra te g y

1 .2 .2

H a r v e s t C o n t r o l R u le s a n d T o o ls

1 .2 .3

In f o rm a tio n / M o n it o r in g

1 .2 .4

A ss e s sm e n t o f S to c k Sta tu s

S c o r in g I s s u e a . S t o c k s t a t u s r e la t iv e t o P R I b . S t o c k s t a t u s r e la t iv e t o M S Y a . R e b u ild in g t im e f r a m e s b . R e b u ild in g e v a lu a t io n a . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y d e s ig n b . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y e v a lu a t io n c . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y m o n it o r in g d . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y r e v ie w * a . H C R s d e s ig n a n d a p p lic a t io n b . H C R s r o b u s tn e s s t o u n c e r t a in t y c . H C R s e v a lu a t io n a . R a n g e o f in f o rm a t io n b . M o n it o r in g c . C o m p r e h e n s iv e n e s s o f in f o r m a t io n a . A s s e s s m e n t a p p r o p ria t e f o r s t o c k b . A sse ssm e n t a p p ro a c h * c . U n c e r t a in t y in t h e a s s e s s m e n t d . E v a lu a t io n o f a s s e s s m e n t e . P e e r re v ie w o f a s s e s s m e n t

BET 80 80 ns ns <60 80 60 80 <60 60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 100 80 80

A t la n t ic YFT SKJ (W ) SKJ (E) 80 80 80 60 80 80 60 ns ns 60 ns ns <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 60 60 60 80 80 80 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 60 60 80 60 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 80 80 60 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80

Table 2b. Number of Performance Indicators with scores less than 80 A t la n t ic E a s t P a c if ic I n d ia n O c e a n Sco re BET YFT SK J (W ) SK J (E) B ET YFT SKJ BET YFT SKJ <60 3 3 3 3 6 3 3 3 7 3 60 -8 0 2 5 5 4 5 6 5 3 4 3 Legend

E a s t e r n P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ <60 60 80 60 60 80 <60 R e q 'd ns <60 R e q 'd ns <60 <60 <60 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80

I n d ia n O c e a n B ET YFT SK J 100 <60 80 80 <60 100 ns <60 ns ns <60 ns <60 <60 <60 80 60 80 6 0-7 9 6 0 -7 9 6 0-7 9 <100 <100 <100 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 80 6 0-7 9 6 0 -7 9 6 0-7 9 80 100 80 80 80 80 80 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80

W e s t P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ 7 3 3 3 5 3

To ta l 50 53

W e s t e r n P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ <60 80 100 <60 80 100 <60 ns ns <60 ns ns <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 60 60 60 80 80 80 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 60 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80

FIP OPAGAC & WWF

P1: Sustainable fish stocks

Adoption of Harvest Control Rules (HCR) and management procedures

• Evaluate & mitigate bycatch sensitive species P2: Least environmental impacts

• Evaluate & mitigate effects of FADs on ecosystem

• Improve MCS mechanisms P3: Effective management

• Penalise non-compliance

Promote/Assist: • Management Strategy Evaluation • Adoption of HCR • Evaluate ecosystem impacts (observer data) • Consolidate/Expand OPAGAC Code of Good Practices • Promote good practices MCS (e.g. EU-Spain) • Promote scheme of sanctions RFMO

HOW DO PURSE SEINERS DETECT FISH? Free-swimming tuna schools

Tuna schools associated to dolphins

X

WHAT ARE FADs?

©Gala Moreno

©Ifremer/M. Taquet

HOW ARE FADs & NEFs DIFFERENT?

FADs and ISSUES WITH THEIR USE

Do dFADs entangle marine animals?

Yes, but this can be resolved with the use of NEFs

Are the materials used to make dFADs and NEFs polluting?

Yes, but they are being replaced with natural, biodegradable materials

Discriminating Buoys

Do purse seiners catch juvenile tuna?

Yes, and the fleet is working to reduce this catch

Are there too many dFADs/NEFS in tropical oceans?

Probably, as they result from fleet overcapacity Can dFAD/NEF-effort be managed sustainably?

Yes, together with vessel capacity for ALL fleets

WHY USE NEFs?

1. Food security (global): increased catch rate in the biggest tuna fishery in the world (67%); 2. Efficiency: improved economic viability and fuel efficiency of fishing vessels; 3. Domestic development: small, locally-based vessels that supply domestic tuna canneries are dependent on FADs; 4. Distribution of effort and license revenue: to some EEZs where fishing on non-FAD schools is inefficient 5. Reduction of mortality of some stocks: Free schools are mainly made of yellowfin tuna (e.g. IO, AO and EPO) Modified after: Policy Brief 19/2012. Secretariat of the Pacific Community

WHERE THE FLEET IS AND WHERE IT NEEDS TO ARRIVE

By 2018!!

Source: ISSF Guide for Non-entangling FADs. International Seafood Sustainability Foundation.

WHY IS THIS FIP DIFFERENT? FREE & ASSOCIATED SCHOOLS

The definition of what constitutes an associated school is vague and none of the RFMOs has a clear description MSC-certified vessels still fish with FADs but these fish are not included in the certification and issues with FADs/NEFs are not addressed

CODE OF GOOD PRACTICES

©Nerea Garcia Tavero

L L -sh a rk

GAG

L L -sw o

EAG

Sh

Sh

MAN

0

L L -sh a rk

GAG

L L -sw o

EAG

OTH

BSH

MAN

BSH WHAT FLEETS CATCH THE MOST PS 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 2 0 ,0 0 0 4 0 ,0 0 0 SHARKS IN THE ATLANTIC0 OCEAN? to n n es

PS

L o w e s tim a tio n

BSH

PS

OTH

BSK

OTH

BSK

L L -sw o

EAG

L L -sw o

EAG

L L -sh a rk

FA L

L L -sh a rk

FA L

LL

GAG

LL

GAG

G N -s h a rk

LM A

G N -s h a rk

LM A

GN

MAN

GN

MAN

BB

OCS

BB

OCS

0

2 0 ,0 0 0

4 0 ,0 0 0 to n n es

6 0 ,0 0 0

8 0 ,0 0 0

PLS PO R

M é tie r

M é tie r s

6 0 ,0 0 0 8 0 ,0 0 0

to n n es

H ig h e s tim a tio n

PS

OTH

0

1 0 ,0 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 5 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 to n n es

BSH

PLS PO R

From Murua, H, Abascal FJ, Amande J, Ariz J, Bach P, Chavance P, Coelho R, Korta M, Poisson F, Santos MN, Seret B. Provision of scientific advice for the purpose of the implementation of the EUPOA sharks. Final Report. European Commission, Studies for Carrying out the Common Fisheries Policy (MARE/2010/11 - LOT 2).

WHY IS THIS FIP UNIQUE?

IT AIMSOF TOSTANDARDS ADDRESS ALL ISSUES AND BLUEPRINT FOR SUSTAINABLE METHODOLOGIES OF THE FISHERY PURSE SEINE FISHERIES WORLDWIDE

Thank you For more information: Julio.Moron@opagac.org Miguel.Herrera@opagac.org

GREENPEACE PROMOTING FAD FISHING

At a time when dolphins were the issue

(2) Deploy “aggregation devices” to attract schools of tuna and highlight the fact that it was possible to set on tuna without setting on dolphins. These floating

aggregation devices, designed by Greenpeace Foundation would be deployed throughout the ETP as possible

BYCATCH ON FREE VS ASSOCIATED SCHOOLS

From Dagorn L, Holland KN, Restrepo V, Moreno G. Is it good or bad to fish with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems?

Fish and Fish., 2012; 14:319-415