OPAGAC-WWF Fishery Improvement Project CONSOLIDATING PRACTICES FOR RESPONSIBLE FISHING
Dr Guillermo Moreno FIP Coordinator
WHAT IS A FIP?
Pre-assessment
Scoping: What How When Who
Advisory Group meeting & Implementation work plan development
WHAT IS THE AIM OF THE FIP? FIP Started Feb 2016 ďƒ¨ Achieve certification in five years
Principle 1: Sustainable fish stocks
Blueprint of standards for Principle 2: sustainable Least environmental impact purse seine fisheries worldwide Principle 3: Effective management
HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT NEEDS IMPROVEMENT? Table 2. Pre-assessment of tuna stocks: Comparison of scores assigned to MSC Principle 1. P I N o . P e r f o r m a n c e I n d ic a t o r 1 .1 .1 S to c k S ta tu s 1 .1 .2
S t o c k R e b u ild in g
1 .2 .1
H a rv e st S tra te g y
1 .2 .2
H a r v e s t C o n t r o l R u le s a n d T o o ls
1 .2 .3
In f o rm a tio n / M o n it o r in g
1 .2 .4
A ss e s sm e n t o f S to c k Sta tu s
S c o r in g I s s u e a . S t o c k s t a t u s r e la t iv e t o P R I b . S t o c k s t a t u s r e la t iv e t o M S Y a . R e b u ild in g t im e f r a m e s b . R e b u ild in g e v a lu a t io n a . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y d e s ig n b . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y e v a lu a t io n c . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y m o n it o r in g d . H a r v e s t s t r a t e g y r e v ie w * a . H C R s d e s ig n a n d a p p lic a t io n b . H C R s r o b u s tn e s s t o u n c e r t a in t y c . H C R s e v a lu a t io n a . R a n g e o f in f o rm a t io n b . M o n it o r in g c . C o m p r e h e n s iv e n e s s o f in f o r m a t io n a . A s s e s s m e n t a p p r o p ria t e f o r s t o c k b . A sse ssm e n t a p p ro a c h * c . U n c e r t a in t y in t h e a s s e s s m e n t d . E v a lu a t io n o f a s s e s s m e n t e . P e e r re v ie w o f a s s e s s m e n t
BET 80 80 ns ns <60 80 60 80 <60 60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 100 80 80
A t la n t ic YFT SKJ (W ) SKJ (E) 80 80 80 60 80 80 60 ns ns 60 ns ns <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 60 60 60 80 80 80 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 60 60 80 60 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 80 80 60 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
Table 2b. Number of Performance Indicators with scores less than 80 A t la n t ic E a s t P a c if ic I n d ia n O c e a n Sco re BET YFT SK J (W ) SK J (E) B ET YFT SKJ BET YFT SKJ <60 3 3 3 3 6 3 3 3 7 3 60 -8 0 2 5 5 4 5 6 5 3 4 3 Legend
E a s t e r n P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ <60 60 80 60 60 80 <60 R e q 'd ns <60 R e q 'd ns <60 <60 <60 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 6 0 -79 60 -79 6 0 -7 9 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80
I n d ia n O c e a n B ET YFT SK J 100 <60 80 80 <60 100 ns <60 ns ns <60 ns <60 <60 <60 80 60 80 6 0-7 9 6 0 -7 9 6 0-7 9 <100 <100 <100 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 80 80 80 80 80 6 0-7 9 6 0 -7 9 6 0-7 9 80 100 80 80 80 80 80 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80
W e s t P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ 7 3 3 3 5 3
To ta l 50 53
W e s t e r n P a c if ic BET YFT SKJ <60 80 100 <60 80 100 <60 ns ns <60 ns ns <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 60 60 60 80 80 80 <60 <60 <60 60 60 60 <60 <60 <60 80 60 80 80 60 80 80 80 80 100 100 100 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 100 100 80
FIP OPAGAC & WWF
P1: Sustainable fish stocks
Adoption of Harvest Control Rules (HCR) and management procedures
• Evaluate & mitigate bycatch sensitive species P2: Least environmental impacts
• Evaluate & mitigate effects of FADs on ecosystem
• Improve MCS mechanisms P3: Effective management
• Penalise non-compliance
Promote/Assist: • Management Strategy Evaluation • Adoption of HCR • Evaluate ecosystem impacts (observer data) • Consolidate/Expand OPAGAC Code of Good Practices • Promote good practices MCS (e.g. EU-Spain) • Promote scheme of sanctions RFMO
HOW DO PURSE SEINERS DETECT FISH? Free-swimming tuna schools
Tuna schools associated to dolphins
X
WHAT ARE FADs?
©Gala Moreno
©Ifremer/M. Taquet
HOW ARE FADs & NEFs DIFFERENT?
FADs and ISSUES WITH THEIR USE
Do dFADs entangle marine animals?
Yes, but this can be resolved with the use of NEFs
Are the materials used to make dFADs and NEFs polluting? Yes, but they are being replaced with natural, biodegradable materials
Discriminating Buoys
Do purse seiners catch juvenile tuna? Yes, and the fleet is working to reduce this catch
Are there too many dFADs/NEFS in tropical oceans? Probably, as they result from fleet overcapacity Can dFAD/NEF-effort be managed sustainably? Yes, together with vessel capacity for ALL fleets
WHY USE NEFs?
1. Food security (global): increased catch rate in the biggest tuna fishery in the world (67%); 2. Efficiency: improved economic viability and fuel efficiency of fishing vessels; 3. Domestic development: small, locally-based vessels that supply domestic tuna canneries are dependent on FADs; 4. Distribution of effort and license revenue: to some EEZs where fishing on non-FAD schools is inefficient 5. Reduction of mortality of some stocks: Free schools are mainly made of yellowfin tuna (e.g. IO, AO and EPO) Modified after: Policy Brief 19/2012. Secretariat of the Pacific Community
WHERE THE FLEET IS AND WHERE IT NEEDS TO ARRIVE
By 2018!!
Source: ISSF Guide for Non-entangling FADs. International Seafood Sustainability Foundation.
WHY IS THIS FIP DIFFERENT? FREE & ASSOCIATED SCHOOLS
The definition of what constitutes an associated school is vague and none of the RFMOs has a clear description MSC-certified vessels still fish with FADs but these fish are not included in the certification and issues with FADs/NEFs are not addressed
CODE OF GOOD PRACTICES
©Nerea Garcia Tavero
L L -sh a rk
GAG
L L -sw o
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Sh
Sh
MAN
0
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GAG
L L -sw o
EAG
OTH
BSH
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BSH WHAT FLEETS CATCH THE MOST PS 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 2 0 ,0 0 0 4 0 ,0 0 0 SHARKS IN THE ATLANTIC0 OCEAN? to n n es
PS
L o w e s tim a tio n
BSH
PS
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BSK
OTH
BSK
L L -sw o
EAG
L L -sw o
EAG
L L -sh a rk
FA L
L L -sh a rk
FA L
LL
GAG
LL
GAG
G N -s h a rk
LM A
G N -s h a rk
LM A
GN
MAN
GN
MAN
BB
OCS
BB
OCS
0
2 0 ,0 0 0
4 0 ,0 0 0 to n n es
6 0 ,0 0 0
8 0 ,0 0 0
PLS PO R
M é tie r
M é tie r s
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to n n es
H ig h e s tim a tio n
PS
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PLS PO R
From Murua, H, Abascal FJ, Amande J, Ariz J, Bach P, Chavance P, Coelho R, Korta M, Poisson F, Santos MN, Seret B. Provision of scientific advice for the purpose of the implementation of the EUPOA sharks. Final Report. European Commission, Studies for Carrying out the Common Fisheries Policy (MARE/2010/11 - LOT 2).
WHY IS THIS FIP UNIQUE?
IT AIMSOF TOSTANDARDS ADDRESS ALL ISSUES AND BLUEPRINT FOR SUSTAINABLE METHODOLOGIES OF THE FISHERY PURSE SEINE FISHERIES WORLDWIDE
Thank you For more information: Julio.Moron@opagac.org Miguel.Herrera@opagac.org
GREENPEACE PROMOTING FAD FISHING
At a time when dolphins were the issue
(2) Deploy “aggregation devices” to attract schools of tuna and highlight the fact that it was possible to set on tuna without setting on dolphins. These floating
aggregation devices, designed by Greenpeace Foundation would be deployed throughout the ETP as possible
BYCATCH ON FREE VS ASSOCIATED SCHOOLS
From Dagorn L, Holland KN, Restrepo V, Moreno G. Is it good or bad to fish with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems? Fish and Fish., 2012; 14:319-415