Chemical Engineering World July 2019

CHRONICLING PROCESS INDUSTRY INNOVATIONS SINCE 1966

VOL.54 | ISSUE 07 | JULY 2019 | TOTAL PAGES 68 | US $ 10 | ` 150

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WORLD

Separation Special

JULY 2019 VOL.54 ISSUE 07 Mumbai ` 150

ChemTECH SOUTH WORLD EXPO 2019

4-6 December 2019 Venue: HITEX Exhibition Center, Trade Fair OfямБce Building Izzat Nagar, Kondapur PO, Hyderabad, India

24-27 February 2021 Bombay Exhibition Center Goregaon (East), Mumbai, India

Chemical Engineering World

amol_ Ad Template.indd 3

August 2013 • 3

8/23/2013 10:41:13 AM

CEW

Contents CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WORLD RNI REGISTRATION NO. 11403/66 Chairman Publisher & Printer Chief Executive Officer

EDITORIAL

Editor Deputy Editor Editorial Advisory Board Contributing Editors

Maulik Jasubhai Shah Hemant K. Shetty Hemant K. Shetty

Sub Editor

Mittravinda Ranjan (mittra_ranjan@jasubhai.com) Sujatha Vishnuraj (sujatha_vishnuraj@jasubhai.com) D P Misra, N G Ashar, Prof. M C Dwivedi P V Satyanarayana, Dr S R Srinivasan, R B Darji, R P Sharma Bernard Rapose (bernard_rapose@jasubhai.com)

Design Team

Arun Parab, Shankar Joshi

Subscription Team Marketing Co-ordinator Production Team

Dilip Parab Brenda Fernandes V Raj Misquitta (Head), Arun Madye

Place of Publication: Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd

210, Taj Building, 3rd Floor, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Tel: +91-22-4037 3636, Fax: +91-22-4037 3635

SALES

General Manager, Sales

Amit Bhalerao (amit_bhalerao@jasubhai.com) Prashant Koshti (prashant_koshti@jasubhai.com)

MARKETING TEAM & OFFICES Mumbai

Godfrey Lobo / V Ramdas 210, Taj Building, 3rd Floor, Dr. D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001 Tel: +91-22-4037 3636, +91-22-4213 6400 Fax: +91-22-4037 3635 E-mail: godfrey_lobo@jasubhai.com, v_ramdas@jasubhai.com

Ahmedabad

Vikash Kumar Sharma 64/A, Phase 1, GIDC Indl Estate, Vatva, Ahmedabad 382 445 Tel: +91-79-49003636/627, Fax: +91-79-25831825 E-mail: sales@jasubhai.com

Vadodara

Paritosh A. Pathak 202 Concorde Bldg, Above Times of India Office, R C Dutt Road, Alkapuri, Vadodara 390 007 B: +91 265 2337 187/189 E-mail: paritosh_pathak@jasubhai.com

Bengaluru

Princebel M Mobile: +919444728035 E-mail: princebel_m@jasubhai.com

Chennai / Coimbatore

Princebel M / Yonack Pradeep 1-A, Jhaver Plaza, 1 st floor, Nungambakkam High Road, Chennai 600 034 Tel: +91-44-43123936 Mobile: +919444728035, +919176963737 E-mail: princebel_m@jasubhai.com, yonack_pradeep@jasubhai.com

Delhi

Priyaranjan Singh 803, Chiranjeev Tower, No 43, Nehru Place, New Delhi – 110 019, Mobile: +919818148551 Tel: +91-11-46745555, Fax: +91-11-26427404 E-mail: pr_singh@jasubhai.com

Hyderabad

Princebel M / Sunil Kulkarni Mobile: +919444728035, +919823410712 E-mail: princebel_m@jasubhai.com, sunil_kulkarni@jasubhai.com

Kolkata

E-mail: industrialmags@jasubhai.com

Pune

Sunil Kulkarni Suite 201, White House, 1482 Sadashiv Peth, Tilak Road, Pune 411 030 Tel: +91-20-24494572, Telefax: +91-20-24482059 Mobile: +919823410712 E-mail: sunil_kulkarni@jasubhai.com

Subscription Rate (per year with effect from 1st April 2013): Indian - ` 1620; Foreign - US$ 180 Student Concessional Rate: ` 800; Price of this copy: ` 150

The Publishers and the Editors do not necessarily individually or collectively identify themselves with all the views expressed in this journal. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is strictly prohibited without written permission from the Publishers.

Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd. Registered Office: 26, Maker Chambers VI, 2nd Floor, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021, INDIA. Tel.: 022-4037 3737 Fax: 022-2287 0502 E-mail: sales@jasubhai.com

4 • July 2019

VOL. 54 | ISSUE NO. 07 | JULY 2019 | MUMBAI | ` 150

NEWS Industry News

08

Technology News

20

FEATURES Case Study: Evaluation of Batch Vs Continuous Ammoniacal Nitrogen Stripping 24 Arvind Madalgi, AGM Process Engineering, Coromandel International Ltd, Sarigam Samarpita Chakraborty, Asst. Manager Process Engineering Coromandel International Ltd, Sarigam Small-Scale CO from CO2 using Electrolysis Chetan Mittal, Technology Scouting Manager, Haldor Topsoe Casper Hadsbjerg, Business Director, eCOs Solutions, Haldor Topsoe Peter Blennow, Principal Research Engineer, Haldor Topsoe

30

Case Study: Nitrogen Tri-Chloride: The Explosive Contaminant V K Kapur, Chloro-Alkali Consultant, Mumbai

38

Pipeline Corrosion Prof (Dr) A S Khanna, IIT Bombay (Retd), and Chairman, The Society for Surface Protective Coatings – India

41

Union Budget 2019-20: A Frost & Sullivan Perspective Krishanu Banerjee, Consultant, Public Sector Practice, Frost & Sullivan

46

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts

47

PRODUCTS

53

EVENTS

62

PROJECT UPDATE

63

BOOK SHELF

65

AD INDEX

66

Disclaimer: The Editorial/Content team at Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd has not contributed to writing or editing “Marketing Initiative.” Readers would do well to treat it as an advertisement.

Printed and published by Mr Hemant K. Shetty on behalf of Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd., 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021 and printed at The Great Art Printers, 25, S A Brelvi Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001 and published from 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.

Editor: Ms. Mittravinda Ranjan, 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.

Chemical Engineering World

CEW Industry News Ineos Styrolution Collaborated with Indaver Aiming for a Chemical Recycling for Polystyrene Frankfurt, Germany: INEOS Styrolution, the global leader in styrenics, has announced a collaboration with Indaver NV, a European waste management company with large-scale treatment facilities at the port of Antwerp headquartered in Belgium, driving forward chemical recycling for polystyrene in Europe.

The new Mono R features a series of new, 3D-printed parts. For instance, BAC and DSM developed 3D-printed grips for the Mono R’s steering wheel that are fully customizable to its driver. The car also features new 3D-printed air inlets that are lighter, more durable, and more cost-effective to produce than traditional inlets. Thanks in part to design, computer aided engineering (CAE), and manufacturing changes to key parts of the Mono via 3D printing, BAC, and DSM were able to limit the weight of the new supercar to 560 kilograms – a record low.

The collaboration between the two companies aims at taking advantage of the recyclability of polystyrene to convert post-consumer waste into valuable resources. It will benefit from Indaver’s intense testing of their de-polymerization and purification process; and also from the plan of Indaver to set up Plastics2Chemicals, a demo-installation at the port of Antwerp, with a recycling capacity of 15,000 tonnes a year being operational in the first half of 2021.

Other innovations are still to follow. For instance, DSM and BAC are currently exploring the design and production of 3D-printed parts incorporating new, organic shapes and hollow internal structures – radically reducing weight while maintaining strength. Additive manufacturing also enables OEMs to replace materials now common in car manufacturing with newer, high-performing, and recyclable materials.

Indaver has a strong track record providing strong solutions to the chemical industry. The close vicinity of Indaver to the INEOS Styrolution site in Antwerp contributes to close collaboration.

By using state-of-the-art CAE tools, DSM supports BAC in designing lightweight parts using the full potential of design for additive manufacturing (eg allowing design for function, which limits material to places where it is needed to support mechanical loads). Many of DSM’s traditional and high-performing polymers are already commonly used in the automotive sector. By re-engineering these tried and tested materials and optimizing them for 3D printing purposes, DSM additive manufacturing is enabling new and innovative designs to surface, as showcased by the record-breaking Mono R.

The initial focus of the collaboration will be to fully align the output of Indaver’s de-polymerization process with feedstock specifications of INEOS Styrolution’s polymerization process.

“Waste is not an end product. It is a phase in the lifecycle of a material.

With the innovative Plastics2Chemicals project, Indaver develops a sustainable solution for plastic waste by recycling into high-grade materials. We are pleased to work with INEOS Styrolution as one of our preferred partners to use these recycled materials as a valuable alternative for virgin raw materials. This project is an example of the industry’s sustained commitment to help achieve the European objectives in valorizing plastics”, says Paul De Bruycker, CEO of Indaver.

Rob Buntinx, President EMEA at INEOS Styrolution welcomes the collaboration, “Driving the circular economy for polystyrene forward is at the center of our activities at INEOS Styrolution. We believe that chemical recycling is a key cornerstone contributing to reducing postconsumer waste. I am excited to have found such a strong partner in Europe sharing our objectives and complementing our own skills.”

DSM and Briggs Automotive Company Announced Collaboration on New Mono R Supercar Geleen, The Netherlands; and Liverpool, the United Kingdom: Royal DSM, a global science-based company in nutrition, health and sustainable living has announced a collaboration with Briggs Automotive Company (BAC), the British supercar manufacturing company based in Liverpool. Together, the two companies will co-develop innovative 3D printing applications for the new BAC Mono R and showcase the potential of additive manufacturing in the automotive industry thanks to weight reduction and increased customizability.

DSM and BAC will work together to unlock the full potential of additive manufacturing in the automotive industry. Both companies are convinced that integrating 3D printing in car manufacturing allows for the creation of parts that are not only lighter, but also stronger and customizable to meet specific customer needs. In addition, 3D printing enables original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to explore new designs that would be impossible to produce using traditional manufacturing methods.

8 • July 2019

In time, the weight-reducing and durable properties of additive manufacturing will also undoubtedly be integrated into designs for mainstream vehicles.

Patrick Duis, Segment Leader Automotive at DSM Additive Manufacturing: “The BAC Mono is the perfect showcase for the potential of 3D printing to reshape the automotive industry. Additive manufacturing offers unparalleled options for small-series production and customization of cars, and we are excited to work together with BAC to optimize our materials for car manufacturers. This brings us another step closer to manufacture Tomorrow.”

Ian Briggs, Design Director of BAC: “We pride ourselves on being the ultimate pioneers at BAC, and joining forces with DSM means we can once again lead the way – this time in terms of additive manufacturing.

Keeping the car as light as possible is of paramount importance, and by using 3D printing we not only keep the kilograms down, but also keep sustainability and safety on the up. We’re excited to see how our work on Mono R can translate to the automotive industry as a whole.”

Improving sustainability in car manufacturing: DSM and BAC will continue collaborating closely to explore new technologies, materials and applications for 3D printing in the automotive industry. Both companies will also look for opportunities to improve sustainability in vehicle and other manufacturing processes. In 2018 BAC became the first car manufacturer to go climate positive, which means it removes more carbon dioxide from earth’s atmosphere than it emits.

Adding additive manufacturing to the mix will enable BAC to cut its emissions even further, for example because 3D parts can be printed on site rather than having to be shipped across the globe. The company will also have access to DSM’s line-up of recyclable materials, further aiding its sustainability ambitions.

Chemical Engineering World

Horizontal Pharma Peeler : • A batch type semi / automatic

filtering centrifuge.

• Ideal for a “through wall” installation with separation of the process area from service area.

Horizontal Chemical Peeler • A batch type semi / automatic filtering centrifuge for chemical and intermediates • Deep Basket with Screw Conveyor

Bottom Discharge with Large Central Opening and Full Body Opening: • Automated discharge of filter cake with help of a PLC • Sloping surface to reduce dead space hence, minimizing mother liquor and solid hold up.

Lifting Bag with Lifting Device and Full Body Opening: • Easy and fast unloading. No residual heel.

• Unparalleled safety with our new locking system for basket top. cGMP Lifting Device: Eliminates usage of any chain pulley block, preventing chances of contamination.

CEW Industry News Kollmorgen Appointed Alberto Favalessa as VP & GM for EMEA

Nova Milanese, Italy: Kollmorgen has recently announced that Alberto Favalessa, former Managing Director for Italy and Switzerland, has been selected as Kollmorgen’s new VP&GM of EMEA operations with an immediate effect of his appointment.

Favalessa has been with Kollmorgen’s EMEA sales operations since 2000 in positions of increasing responsibility. As the Managing Director of Italy and Switzerland, Favalessa has successfully built Kollmorgen’s motion control business in key industrial automation and automated guided vehicle segments. His approach to designing integrated motion solutions has made him a valued partner to key customers. His teambased approach to problem solving and continuous improvement has made him an equally trusted and respected leader within the company.

"Managing the EMEA & India regions for the leader in motion control is certainly a source of pride for me”, says Favalessa, “There are few companies in the world that can boast a history of over a century of innovation and this legacy gives me great motivation. I thank the company for the trust given to me. The technologies that Kollmorgen has developed for servo systems and for automated guided vehicles continue to achieve increasingly high standards for performance and reliability. These solutions provide the foundation for conversations with customers about innovation, service, and results. I look forward to driving the company’s continued advancements in all of these areas.”

Alberto Favalessa succeeds Markus Johansson, who leaves the Kollmorgen team well-positioned to accelerate its current positive momentum well into the future. “I can think of no-one better to lead our EMEA team”, says Kollmorgen President Dan St. Martin, “Over his 20-year tenure with our company, Alberto has demonstrated a passion for building strong customer relationships and solutions tailored to each customer’s specific needs. Alberto has proven his ability to not only achieve business results, but also to inspire and develop our employees.

We rely on his leadership and on his deep knowledge of the business and are confident he’ll be successful in this latest assignment.”

BASF Appointed Carola Richter as President Asia Pacific Hong Kong: BASF has appointed Dr. Carola Richter as President, South & East Asia, ASEAN, and Australia / New Zealand at BASF, effective July 1, 2019. She succeeded Dr. Ramkumar Dhruva, who assumes responsibility for BASF’s global Monomers Division in Waterloo, Belgium.

Richter started her career with BASF in 2003 as a management consultant in Ludwigshafen, Germany. She then held various management positions in Hong Kong and Germany, including Senior Vice President of Global Marketing and Technology, and Vice President of Global Business Management, Hygiene. She was the most recent Senior Vice President, Economic Evaluations in Ludwigshafen. Richter was born in Germany in 1973. She obtained her PhD in Physics and Mathematics from Heidelberg University.

10 • July 2019

Atlas Copco Launched Five New Air Compressors Across Industry Segments Pune, India: Atlas Copco — the home of industrial ideas, has launched five new specially designed products in the air compressor segment for the Indian market, providing an edge to small and medium scale business units. This new range includes piston air compressors, screw air compressors, and onsite nitrogen generator series to cater to the changing demands of customers from different sectors across India. The key industry segments which will benefit from these compressed air solutions are food and beverages, cement, textile, foundry & forging, general engineering, metal, auto & ancillaries, paper and many more.

This range of new innovative products will enhance customers’ productivity and help reduce energy consumption. Amongst the five products, GA 75-110 VSD+ is a variable speed drive oil-injected screw air compressor which is an ideal choice for fluctuating demands of customer applications and can save upto 50 percent of energy costs. GA 75-110 VSD+ has integrated Elektronikon – most intelligent microprocessor for advanced monitoring , control and connectivity, thus providing peace of mind to customers by remaining connected with the machine at all time. It has a magnetically fixed pre-filter that enables the application for handling high dust. G 15-22 and GA 15-22, are fixed speed oil-injected screw air compressors with the revolutionary new screw element. These products are intended to reduce energy consumption; and offer higher uptime and reliability as well.

The cast iron piston series, ATC, ranging from 3 hP to 10 hP is coupled with IP55 motor that is known for reliability and can function in operating temperatures up to 46 degree C. The product has a low foot print and low noise.

In Nitrogen generator segment, Atlas Copco’s new NGMs 1-3 membrane technology units offer efficient, compact, and simple low-cost onsite solution for low-flow N2 requirements with benefits of minimal maintenance and operational costs. These generators come with a wall mounting option as well.

Conrad Latham, General Manager, Compressor Technique, Atlas Copco India said, “Atlas Copco believes that the growth of our customers is our oxygen. True to the commitment to ‘Make in India’, we are introducing arrangement of new products built at our state-of-the-art Chakan factory at Pune. The new range of air compressors in piston and screw technologies are a result of Atlas Copco’s continued commitment to work with manufacturing companies to reduce their energy bills in line with the governments focus on energy efficiency.”

The company also offers a wide range of market-leading compressed air, including oil-free screw air compressors, screw blowers, scroll air compressors, tooth air compressors, turbo air compressors, waterinjected screw air compressors, reciprocating air compressors, and much more.

Chemical Engineering World

CEW Industry News Praj Received Golden Peacock Eco-Innovation Award 2019 for ‘Enfinity’ – a Second Generation Biomass to Bioethanol Technology

(HCR) in the Asia-Pacific region. The plant’s cutting-edge equipment includes world-class kneaders which are essential for manufacturing high quality HCR grades. The expansion measure – a lower double digit million investment – underscores WACKER’s commitment and technological leadership in the silicone rubber industry.

“Today’s event not only is another milestone in WACKER’s efforts to expand its operational footprint in China, but also shows our determination to further serve and develop local and regional markets”, said Paul Lindblad, President of WACKER Greater China, at the inauguration ceremony. The expansion of WACKER’s silicone elastomer plant is yet another example of the company’s ongoing investments into its Chinese facilities. “The new manufacturing line will contribute significantly to our silicone rubber production capacity. This will enable us to improve our service to customers and business partners, who are willing to grasp the opportunities in today’s ever-changing and increasingly sophisticated marketplace”, Lindblad said.

Mumbai, India: Praj Industries Limited (Praj) is a globally leading engineering company offering sustainable solutions for bioenergy, high purity water, compressed biogas, critical process equipment & skids, breweries and industrial wastewater treatment. Recently Praj has been awarded the prestigious Golden Peacock Eco-Innovation Award 2019 in the Engineering sector in recognition of ‘enfinity’ – its second- generation biomass to bioethanol technology. Dr. Tushar Patil, General Manager - Advanced BioFuels and Chemicals, accepted the trophy and certificate from Lt. Gen. J.S. Ahluwalia, Chairman – IOD, and Mr. R.V. Deshpande, Revenue Minister of Karnataka, at a glittering ceremony in Bengaluru on July 4, 2019.

The Golden Peacock Awards, established by the Institute of Directors, India in 1991, recognizes globally competitive approaches and new benchmarks in environment management, eco-innovation, and energy efficiency amongst others. This year the award-secretariat received 550 applications, out of which 312 were shortlisted through a three-tier assessment process. The highest scoring applicants were assessed on an exhaustive set of parameters in their respective industrial sectors and adjudged winners. The jury comprised environment, health & safety, energy, and climate change experts under the chairmanship of Justice (Dr.) Arijit Pasayat, former Judge, Supreme Court of India.

Speaking about this recognition, Mr. Pramod Chaudhari, Executive Chairman of Praj Industries said, “We are happy to see that our team’s efforts in developing and deploying innovative technology solutions at the advanced biofuels space are being recognized globally. The Golden Peacock Eco-Innovation award for our proprietary platform technology ‘Enfinity’ is a testament to Praj’s technology leadership in the bio-fuel space. It spurs us to continue our mission towards sustainable decarbonization through circular bio-economy, a philosophy that drives truly sustainable growth and development.

Based on the successful technology demonstration and due diligence, four oil marketing companies have selected Praj as a technology licensor and EPCM (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Management) provider to build commercial scale plants in different parts of India.

WACKER Expanded Silicone Elastomer Production in China Munich, Germany and Zhangjiagang, China: WACKER has recently inaugurated a new production line for silicone elastomers at its Zhangjiagang site in China. With an annual capacity of several thousand metric tons, the facility will help support WACKER’s future growth path in China and improve the availability of high consistency silicone rubber 12 • July 2019

Christian Gimber, Vice President of Engineering Silicones, emphasized the growing need for silicone specialties and high quality silicone rubber.

“High consistency rubbers are widely used, and we expect them to continue on their growth path”, he said. Over the last decades, the demand for solid silicone elastomers has grown quickly, especially in China. The country presently occupies the place of being single largest market for silicone elastomers in the world.

WACKER’s new production line is located in a new building complex covering 2,000 square meters. The facility’s kneaders are currently the largest of their kind in the industry. The plant’s mixing and screening equipment and the state-of-the-art waste treatment process are also setting industry standards in terms of productivity and sustainability.

The new production line will enable shorter lead times, speed up market response, and improve overall customer experience.

Sinochem Plastics Tops ICIS 2019 Chemical Distributors Ranking in Asia Pacific with USD 3bn in Sales London, UK and New York, USA: Sinochem Plastics tops the 10th ICIS Top 100 Chemical Distributors ranking in Asia Pacific as per recent announcement.

China-based Sinochem Plastics, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sinochem, has been built into a leading chemical trading company providing a full range distribution and after-sales services for large-scale petrochemical producers across Asia Pacific.

Sinochem Plastics’ leading position in the Asia Pacific ranking with USD 3.0bn in sales is followed by US-based Tricon Energy with USD 2.9bn in revenue.

Germany-based Brenntag comes in third with USD 1.6bn in sales, followed by Germany-based Helm at fourth position with sales of USD 945m. Germanybased Behn Meyer Group is in fifth position, with sales of USD 803m.

“While branded the ICIS Top 100 Chemical Distributors, this comprehensive global listing includes a total of almost 250 companies - a diverse group that serve the needs of customers and suppliers across the supply chain”, said Joseph Chang, Global Editor of ICIS Chemical Business.

The ranking was compiled by ICIS with the support of the US-based National Association of Chemical Distributors (NACD), the European Association of Chemical Distributors (FECC), Brazilian Association of Chemical and Petrochemical Distributors (ASSOCIQUIM), Responsible Distribution Canada (RDC), the UK-based Chemical Business Association and the International Chemical Trade Association (ICTA).

Chemical Engineering World

AN-Radar-4S-EN-IN_Eis_210x270

SOMETIMES THE CHOICE IS DIFFICULT …

… THE CHOICE FOR LEVEL 80 GHZ RADAR!

One radar sensor for liquids.

M

L

AN-Radar-4S-EN-IN_Eis_210x270

MEASUREMENT IS EASY: One sensor for bulk solids.

Sounds simple, is simple!

RADAR LEVEL MEASUREMENT WITH 80 GHZ Industrial processes are becoming increasingly customized and complex. Now it’s even easier to select the right level transmitter for your needs. For a reliable non-contact level measurement solution, just choose VEGAPULS 64 for liquids or VEGAPULS 69 for bulk solids.

DYNAMIC RANGE

120 dB

Poorly reflecting media? Dust, condensation, or buildup? Radars with best-in-class dynamic range deliver constant visibility of your process levels.

PROCESS FITTINGS FROM

¾"

With small connections and a compact design, VEGAPULS 64 is the perfect fit in the smallest liquid containers.

FOCUSING

3°

No interfering signals from internal installations. A radar beam angle from 3° for liquids and 4° for bulk solids.

ACCURACY

+/-1 mm

Every drop counts with VEGAPULS 64.

It really scores points for accuracy, especially with high value liquids.

ADJUSTMENT 80 GHz radar sensors can be adjusted wirelessly with a smartphone or tablet. Did you know? All VEGA level sensors since 2002 can also get Bluetooth. Just click-in a new PLICSCOM display and adjustment module and it’s done!

More information: www.vega.com/radar Phone +91 20 6731 4000 | E-mail info.in@vega.com

CEW Industry News Linde Collaborated with ExxonMobil towards a Largescale Integrated Manufacturing Complex in Singapore

Gan Seow Kee, Chairman & Managing Director, ExxonMobil Asia Pacific, said: “This agreement marks an important milestone in our partnership with Linde, and the integration will further enhance the operational capabilities of our respective facilities.

We look forward to this being the start of a long and successful collaboration.”

Evonik Expanded Fumed Silica Capacity Essen, Antwerp: Evonik has started up its new plant complex in Antwerp on schedule for production of fumed silica. With this, the specialty chemicals company can now serve the high demand for fumed silicas marketed under the AEROSIL brand.

Typical applications include paints and coatings, advanced adhesive systems, transparent silicones, and nonflammable highperformance insulation materials. Evonik has invested a sum in the upper double-digit million euro range in the new plant complex.

Singapore: Linde has announced its signing a long-ter m agreement with ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd to support the latest multi-billion dollar expansion of company’s integrated manufacturing complex in Singapore. This will be the single largest sale of gas contract in the history of newly merged Linde and of its legacy companies.

Linde will invest USD 1.4 billion to expand its existing gasification complex at Jurong Island, integrating it with ExxonMobil's project to produce and supply additional hydrogen and synthesis gas.

The project will include building and operating four additional gasifiers, a 1200 metric ton per day capacitated air separation plant, as well as Linde’s proprietary downstream gas processing units and sulphur recovery plants. Linde’s gasification complex will produce and supply hydrogen and synthesis gas to ExxonMobil by upgrading the heavy residue feedstock from its new facilities.

Linde will also invest in a dedicated set of pipelines for the transfer of feedstocks and products between ExxonMobil and Linde facilities. Upon completion, the facility will also supply hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and synthesis gas to other customers on Jurong Island and quadruple Linde’s present capacity.

Linde’s Engineering Division will design and build the new facility.

Construction is expected to start in the second half of 2019, with start-up anticipated in 2023.

Sanjiv Lamba, Executive Vice President, Linde Asia-Pacific, said -“Our Jurong Island facility has a long-standing history of processing refinery residue to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This expansion will allow us to process these additional heavy residues efficiently while delivering a highly competitive and reliable source of hydrogen and synthesis gas to ExxonMobil and other customers.

We are proud to be a strategic partner for ExxonMobil’s Singapore integrated manufacturing complex. We appreciate ExxonMobil’s recognition of Linde’s engineering, operational capabilities and commitment to safe and sustainable solutions to help realize the full potential of their world scale investments,” 18 • July 2019

“We’re pursuing a clear growth strategy for our silica business. With the additional capacities, we’re ensuring supply for our customers over the long term,” said Harald Schwager, Deputy Chairman of Evonik’s executive board. As a part of smart materials, silica belongs to one of Evonik’s four strategic growth engines with above-average market growth. The growth of the global market for fumed silica is expected to exceed 4 percent annually, outpacing the global economy as a whole.

Along with the market for hydrophilic fumed silica, demand is also growing for specialty hydrophobic silica. The existing plant in Antwerp has accordingly been upgraded such that hydrophilic fumed silica can be given hydrophobic properties by special post-treatment. Evonik therefore now produces hydrophobic AEROSIL at a second European site in addition to Rheinfelden, thus servicing continued high demand.

Andreas Fischer, a member of the Management Board of Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH, said: “We’re happy we’re now in a position to meet customers’ requests for higher quantities, in particular for hydrophobic AEROSIL. The capacity to supply our own raw materials at the site, and its central location in Europe, were also especially important to us for this project. The site’s proximity to the international export port in Antwerp is an important factor in supplying our customers worldwide.”

With the simultaneous modernization of the silane production plants as part of the investment, raw-material supply for AEROSIL production as well as tire silanes is assured. AEROSIL is produced as fumed silica by high-temperature hydrolysis of silanes in a hydrogen flame.

Evonik is a leading global manufacturer of silica. In addition to the fumed silica AEROSIL and the precipitated silica ULTRASIL, SIPERNAT, ZEODENT and SPHERILEX, Evonik also produces silica based matting agents under the brand name ACEMATT and other fumed metal oxides under the brand AEROXIDE. Overall, Evonik has a global production capacity for all silica based products of about 1 million metric tons/year.

Chemical Engineering World

CEW Technology News Austria's Largest Self-Consumption PV System : B&R Expanded Photovoltaic System to 1.5 Megawatts Eggelsberg, Austria: Automation specialist B&R has expanded its photovoltaic system and increased its capacity from one megawatt to 1.5 megawatts. The roof of the company's headquarters in With a capacity of 1.5 megawatts, B&R's rooftop Eggelsberg is now home photovoltaic system is currently the largest self- to Austria's largest solar power system for selfconsumption station in Austria.

Source: Ökovolt Solartechnik GmbH consumption . B&R uses sustainable solar power in its own manufacturing facilities.

B&R put the first part of the photovoltaic system into operation in May 2018.

With the expansion, the plant now provides 1,500 MWh of climate-neutral solar energy per year. That's enough to power the homes of around 430 families for a year. The electricity the company generates is fed directly into its manufacturing facilities where it is used to operate numerous production lines. The photovoltaic system is installed on the rooftops of the B&R production halls and covers an area of around 12,000 m².

Contribution to sustainability: "We are proud to now have the largest self-consumption PV system in Austria and thus make our contribution to sustainability and environmental protection," says B&R Managing Director Hans Wimmer. The State Government of Upper Austria supported the expansion of the plant. "Subsidies like these make it easier for companies to contribute to environmental protection. We are very grateful for the support", says Wimmer.

Making industry more sustainable: B&R's parent company ABB is involved in the Mission to Zero initiative for ending reliance on fossil fuel. ABB contributes to industrial sustainability through its products and services.

More than half of ABB's revenue comes from technologies that combat the causes of climate change

LANXESS Expanded Test Capacity for HighPerformance Additives Cologne, Germany: Specialty chemical company Lanxess has taken a new test bench for additive hydraulic fluids into operation at its Mannheim site.

It is being used to test the additive package Additin RC 9200 N, as well as other fluids. These high-performance additives are used to formulate hydraulic fluids that are utilized in large commercial vehicles such as excavators, combine harvesters, or construction vehicles. As the market requires test-runs to be performed using various grades of oil and the test capacity at hydraulic unit manufacturer Bosch Rexroth is only available on a limited basis, the Lanxess additives (ADD) business unit decided to build its own test bench to conduct these tests. Additin RC 9200 N had already been approved by the mechanical engineering company in March 2018.

All end products that pass the test are published in a list of recommended products for high operational safety.

Successfully tested additive packages receive a seal of approval. This means that lubricant manufacturers that use one of these packages to formulate their hydraulic fluids meet the requirements of the hydraulic unit manufacturer and are listed accordingly – an incentive to buy Additin RC 9200 N. Another advantage of Additin RC 9200 N is that it is particularly 20 • July 2019

economical to use as it is dosed at just 0.6 percent in the mineral base oil. Similar products have a significantly higher dose of additive ranging from 0.85 to 0.95 percent. Challenging test procedure for hydraulic fluids: The operational safety of its hydraulic pumps and motors is extremely important to Bosch Rexroth. Until now, the company had carried out the relevant tests for Additin RC 9200 N itself in accordance with its internal guideline RDE 90235 (Hydraulic fluids based on mineral oils and related hydrocarbon). This is a scientifically standardized test procedure that assesses the behavior of the lubricant and the interaction in the hydraulic pump and motor under realistic operating conditions.

Bosch Rexroth is thus responding to the significantly increased power density of its systems and the equally more stringent requirements placed on the lubricant. The pump test introduced by Bosch Rexroth in 2015 goes far beyond what current DIN and ISO standards require.

DSM Introduced New Resin in Construction and Heavy Machinery Segments

Heerlen, the Netherlands: Royal DSM, a global science-based company in nutrition-health-andsustainable-living, has launched a new direct-to-metal (DTM), waterbor ne coating resin, NeoCryl XK-117, that will enable a more DSM introduces new resin to drive shift to waterborne sustainable future for coatings in construction and heavy machinery the coatings industry. segments. (Photo Credit: DSM Coating Resins: The new resin underlines DSMREPR015) DSM’s commitment to developing coating resins that outperform conventional coating technologies in terms of both sustainability and functional performance.

Above all, NeoCryl XK-117 offers a viable alternative to solvent-borne coating technology for the construction and heavy machinery segments, and contains low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as well as being low in odor. Moreover, by enabling a direct-to-metal application, rather than requiring the traditional two-stage application, NeoCry XK-117 enables energy-saving opportunities of up to 50 percent during forced drying processes. What’s more, the new resin enables coatings with high levels of durability, driving the lifetimes of the end products, and helping to reduce our consumption of valuable metal resources.

The new resin also delivers a wide range of functional and aesthetic performance benefits, bringing together the diverse properties of traditional multi-step primer-topcoat systems within a single-layer coating solution.

In this way, the new resin can help applicators reduce their process times and spatial requirements, without compromising the practical qualities of the end coating. In particular, with a high solid content level of 50 percent, this full-bodied resin can be formulated into high-build coatings to deliver outstanding corrosion resistance, as well as a high-gloss finish.

Ap Heijenk, Global Technical Application Manager, Industrial Coating Resins DSM, mentioned: “The launch of NeoCryl XK-117 is an important step forward for DSM as we look to expand our sustainable direct-to-metal product offering, and reinforce our position as the world’s number one waterborne resin producer. With the new resin, we are again delivering on our commitment to shape a more sustainable future in which coating products can perform excellently without damaging the health of people or our planet. In short, more than ever, we are helping to create brighter lives for all!”

Chemical Engineering World

CEW Features Case Study

Evaluation of Batch Vs Continuous Ammoniacal Nitrogen Stripping In this work, the case of a real industrial problem is selected to evaluate the efficiency, operability and economic performance of NH 3-N Stripping by Batch vs Continuous methodology. The removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH 3-N) is investigated by both the methods. The alternative method of continuous stripping by packed bed column was first modelled in the professional software environment of ASPEN Plus. Real time data was collected from plant trials for both the methods for comparison. The same is considered for design of continuous packed bed stripping column. It is proved that continuous steam stripping by packed bed shows better operability and economic performance than batch-wise steam stripping operation. Moreover the ammoniacal nitrogen can be recovered in the distillate making it a more environment friendly method thus improving the sustainability. The work presented in this paper was performed at Coromandel International Ltd, Sarigam. This study presents pilot-scale testing and commercial scale design of continuous stripping column performed at the facility.

Why Stripping?

Ammonia stripping is a simple desorption process used to lower the ammonia content of a wastewater stream. Some wastewaters contain large amounts of ammonia or nitrogen containing compounds that may generate ammonia. It is often easier and less expensive to remove nitrogen from wastewater in the form of ammonia than to convert it to nitratenitrogen before removing it.[1]

removal by ammonia stripping fall into the following categories: ammonia stripping reactor modifications like Packed bed stripping column (Air or Steam), Semi batch Jet loop reactor, Water-sparged aero cyclone reactor, Rotating packed bed reactors as well as membrane contactor, membrane distillation, ion exchangestripping loop, and microwave assisted ammonia stripping. [3]

Ammonia (a weak base) reacts with water (a weak acid) to form ammonium hydroxide. In ammonia stripping, lime or caustic is added to the wastewater until the pH reaches 10.8 to 12 which converts ammonium hydroxide ions to ammonia gas according to the following reaction:

Ammonia stripping with air works well with wastewater that has ammonia content between 10 to 100 mg/l. For higher ammonia content (more than 100 mg/l), it maybe more economical to use alternate ammonia removal techniques such as steam stripping or biological methods.[1]

NH4+ + OH- ↔ H2O + NH3

where [NH3] is the molecular ammonia concentration, [NH3 + NH+4] is the total ammonia concentration, [H+] is the hydrogen ion concentration, and Ka is the acid ionization constant. Besides that, pKa can be expressed in terms of temperature. [2]

In the stripping process, the wastewater is brought into contact with high amount of hot gas, vapor or steam to bring the volatile organic and/or inorganic contaminants into the gas/vapor phase from the aqueous phase. In the case of air stripping, water is usually also transferred into the gas phase, which lowers the temperature of the hot air, and therefore lowers volatility of the impurities. Impurities are removed from the gas phase used for stripping and the gas/air can be used again.[4]

General Stripping Process Ammoniacal nitrogen stripping can be performed as either a batch or a continuous process. Recent development in ammonia

Packed or tray columns can be properly used to remove the polluting compounds.

The process wastewater is fed at the top, and the air or steam is fed at the bottom. The

[NH3] =

[NH3+NH4+] 1+[H+]/Ka

pKa = 4 10−8T3 + 9 10−5T2 + 0.0356T + 10.072

24 • July 2019

pollutants can be typically found in the top product that can also be called distillate.

The treated wastewater is removed at the bottom. It is advisable to use the heat content of the removed warm, treated wastewater to preheat the cold fed wastewater.[5] The same technology of packed bed stripping column with random packing has been incorporated at the facility.

Operational parameters affecting stripping process: 1] Temperature: Temperature has been proven to have a significant impact on the performance of ammonia stripper. This is because the solubility of ammonia in water is governed by Henry’s law. In Henry’s law, the constant of gas relies on solute, solvent, and temperature. Generally, higher efficiency ammonia removal can be obtained at higher temperature 2] pH: An optimum pH is required to strike a balance between process efficiency and economic cost. It was found that when the pH exceeded 10.5, the removal efficiency was insignificant because pH no longer be affected by the ionization balance between molecular ammonia and ionic ammonium, but the cost incurred rose significantly due to the additional caustic consumption required to increase the pH levels.

3] Steam to water ratio: Steam to water ratio is an important parameter that has an Chemical Engineering World

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPUND (VOC) TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

An environmentally compatible solution to achieve Low Emission Standards

Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers (RTO) are designed to dispose complex gaseous waste streams containing VOCs to meet the stringent emission norms by the local environmental laws. These VOC Treatment plants are typically designed as a modular concept consisting of a combustion chamber, heat recovery and flue gas treatment system. Suitable for waste streams containing compounds of sulphur, chlorine, fluorine and other halogens in Oil & Gas, Chemical, Petrochemical, Plastic, Paint, varnish and lacquer industry.

DESIGNED FOR

TECHNOLOGY ADVANTAGES

• Large quantities of raw gas with low concentration of VOC • Raw gases with wide range of VOC concentration • Technology based on the Auto-thermal oxidation • Rate of reduction of VOC concentration exceeds 99.9 %

• • • • • •

High Thermal Efficiency Low Operating and Maintenance Cost Lower Operating Costs Low Space Requirement No risk of catalyst poisoning More economical than Thermal Incineration with Recuperative Heat Recovery

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS • • • •

Raw gases volume up to 100,000 Nm3/hr VOC Concentration – 2-5 gm/Nm3 Operating temperature of the equipment: 800-850 ºC Long life ceramic heat exchange media

In Collaboration with KVT Process Technology, Austria

• Up to 98% Efficient Heat Recovery • High Reliability due to durability • PLC Based Control System for changing Raw Gas Conditions

For Details Contact: Laiq Farooqui | Email: sales_ces@jasubhai.com Tel: +91-22-4037 3721 | Web: www.jasubhaiengineering.com 26, Floor II, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai - 400021 INDIA | UAE | QATAR | OMAN

CEW Features the design intent and could be replicated in commercial scale.

Scale up, erection and commission of equipments for large scale was done treatment for NH3-N removal by packed bed NH3-N stripping column. The commercial scale ammonia stripping column was 7 meters in height with internal diameter of 600 NB and packed with lessing ring (surface area of 600 m2/m3 and dry packing factor of 6500 m-1). The schematic of the setup is as shown in Fig.3. Commissioning of the stripper column was conducted at different flowrates and the design intent was achieved. Based on the monitoring of continuous packed bed stripping column, the following results were obtained as shown in Fig.2.

Figure1: Pilot trial observations with Packed bed Steam Stripping column

impact on the removal rates of ammonia in water. Mass transfer of ammonia into the steam is affected by the variance between ammonia concentration level in liquid form and vapor phase.

The case study described below aims at focussing on the aspects of batch vs continuous ammonia stripping and how packed bed columns are more efficient for controlling the temperature, pH, steam to water ratio, and the best selection of these optimized operating parameters to achieve higher efficiency.

Conventional treatment method – Batch treatment by direct steam purging in agitated vessels.

The batch treatment of ammoniacal nitrogen stripping consisted of agitated vessels for receiving the waste water to be treated.

Direct steam purging was done using low pressure steam at 3-3.5 kg/cm2 and the NH3-N concentration was decreased. The temperature and steam flow rate exhibited a significant impacts on the ammonia removal rate. But this method appeared to be less effective than packed bed columns.

From the analysis of the batch-wise data, it was found that the average reduction in NH3-N concentration was only 81 percent.

Moreover it was found that the temperature of the discharged water was quite high and a huge scope existed for optimization of energy for the same. The average steam norms for condensate treated in batch-wise stripping was 0.27 kg steam/kg condensate 26 • July 2019

which was much high and had huge scope for optimization.

Continuous treatment of NH3-N by using packed bed stripping column by counter current contact of steam On basis of the model simulated using ASPEN Plus, pilot setup by inhouse system was designed and scheme was finalized. The pilot column fabricated was 1.7 meters in height with internal diameter of 200 NB and packed with lessing ring (surface area of 600 m 2/m 3 and dry packing factor of 6500 m- 1). It was observed during the pilot trials that the pilot model satisfied

Results From the observations as shown in Fig.2, the steam norms for the condensate treated in continuous packed bed stripping column decreased to 0.124 kg steam/kg condensate i.e. a reduction of 0.15 kg steam/kg condensate as compared to batch process.

The space requirement has decreased as the stripping column has been retrofitted in the existing facility. A total savings of 1.03 crores/annum has been achieved considering the steam savings.

Conclusions Ammonia stripping performance is highly dependent on the column temperature and steam to wastewater ratio. Efficiency decreases significantly as column temperature decreases. The maximum ammonia transfer efficiency of about 96 percent was achieved at pH 12 in continuous packed column which was much higher compared to 81 percent efficiency achieved

Figure 2: Continuous observation and monitoring of Packed Bed Stripper Column

Chemical Engineering World

Brilliant technology Italian quality Saurus939: The vacuum pump made to live longer. Unique in reliability, performance and consumption.

Fi t

a

f nd

org

Criox® System: patented rotary vacuum dryer/powderer with motor-driven lump breaker units

e t!

Planex® System: multi-patented paddle vacuum dryer with ZeroFriction® planetary movement eccentric agitator

CosmoDry® System: paddle vacuum dryer with concentric agitator, fitted with a shaft dismountable in sections

Italvacuum Agent: Vacuum Drying Technology India LLP, Mr. Jayant Joshi - B 102 Shubh Sarita, Appasaheb Sidhaye Marg Nr Shrikrishna Nagar, Borivali East - Mumbai 400 066 Phone No 9820047858/9819982801 info@electromechengineering.com marketing@italvacuum.com | italvacuum.com

Peristaltic Pumps – Not just for labs anymore!

Use

Masterflex® and Ismatec® Peristaltic Pumps for versatile fluid handling

applications in R&D | Industrial & Manufacturing | F&B | Environmental | OEMs • Robust, accurate, intuitive, low maintenance pumps • No contamination – fluid media only contacts tubing – USP, FDA, NSF, EP and 3A compliant • Engineered to handle the most rugged environment of any plant • Handles wastewater, suspended solids, harsh chemicals, hot water, viscous solutions, abrasive fluids and more • Flow ranges from 0.0001 mL/min to 42 L/min, with consistent accuracy of up to ±1%

Research

Masterflex® & Ismatec® Peristaltic Pumps

Multi-media pumping capabilities | Cost-effective & simple operation Consistent accuracy I Reversible I Self-priming and dry running NEED DEMO? Contact us at : 022-6139-4444 | response@coleparmer.in Find more on ColeParmer.in/pumps

Pilot

Production

CEW Features in batch-wise stripping of ammonia. The success of an ammonia stripping process is greatly dependent on temperature, pH, and steam to water ratio which was easier to control in continuous packed bed reactor.

As such, the selection of optimized operating parameter is vital for the ammonia stripper to achieve higher efficiency. Thus concluding continuous steam stripping column for NH3-N removal is highly efficient, easy to operate, and leading to cost effective remediation.

Figure3: Scheme for NH3-N removal by Packed bed Steam Stripping column

Internals of Packed bed Stripping Column

References 1. Stripping, Ammonia. “Technology Fact Sheet.” (2000).

2. Wastewaters, Ammonia Removal from Highstrength. “G. B. Wickramanayake, Ph. D., PE Senior Engineer ENVIRON Corporation Princeton, New Jersey.”

3. Kinidi, Lennevey, Ivy Ai Wei Tan, Abdul Wahab, Noraziah Binti, Khairul Fikri Bin Tamrin, Cirilo Nolasco Hipolito, and Shanti Faridah Salleh. “Recent Development in Ammonia Stripping Process for Industrial Wastewater Treatment.” International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018 (2018).

4. Toth, A. J., and P. Mizsey. “Comparison of Air And Steam Stripping: Removal Of Organic Halogen Compounds From Process Wastewaters.” International Journal Of Environmental Science And Technology 12.4 (2015): 1321-1330.

5. Hassan, Sardar Q., and Dennis L. Timberlake. “Steam Stripping And Batch Distillation For The Removal And/Or Recovery Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Industrial Wastes.” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 42.7 (1992): 936-943.

Author Details

Arvind Madalgi AGM Process Engineering, Coromandel International Ltd, Sarigam.

Samarpita Chakraborty Asst. Manager Process Engineering, Coromandel International Ltd, Sarigam 28 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

CEW Features Technical Article

Small-Scale CO from CO2 using Electrolysis Reliable small and medium-scale CO production is costly and challenging, in contrast to the well-proven technologies available for large-scale applications. Haldor Topsoe has developed a stand-alone unit producing CO on-site and on-demand at competitive pricing. The unit is based on Haldor Topsoe’s solid oxide electrolysis cell technology; and uses feedstock carbon dioxide and electrical power to produce CO with high purity. The unit is cost competitive for most operations where the CO supply today relies on cylinders or tube trailers. Eventually, this technology opens up for a whole new segment of green and sustainable chemicals from renewable carbon sources.

Carbon monoxide in large-scale industrial applications: Carbon monoxide is a highly toxic gas with a lot of industrial applications. It is one of the main gas constituents in syngas used eg for methanol production. Many of the industrial applications require huge amounts of CO (>5000 Nm 3/hr). Haldor Topsoe is well-known expert for largescale CO production in reforming plants, as well as in designing processes where CO is used on a large scale (for example methanol synthesis). In these largescale applications, CO is typically both produced and used locally within the plant.

Previously, the hitherto smallest scale, about 1000 Nm 3/hr, CO production used to be based on heat exchange reformers, with a membrane removing hydrogen. Thus, well-proven technologies are available for reliable CO production on large scale and Haldor Topsoe is a well-known licensor and catalyst supplier for these plants.

New technology for smaller scale on-demand CO supply: For applications using CO on medium or smaller-scale (typically less than 1000 Nm 3/hr), the supply options are more complicated and costly. Many companies having a need for CO on a regular basis have experienced the challenges involved in sourcing CO reliably and affordably.

The number of merchant CO suppliers is limited, and ever-rising transportation costs and frequent production shortages act as the additives to the problem. For 30 • July 2019

many small-scale users of CO gas (10-300 Nm 3/hr), such as companies manufacturing polyurethane plastics, specialty chemicals, etc., there have been no alternatives to buying CO in large gas cylinders, typically in the form of tube-trailers, that are then parked next to the chemical plant until the cylinders are empty. Not only does this mean high costs for these customers, but also an increased safety risk from storing large amounts of hazardous CO on-site.

Industrial efficiency and safety continue to require innovations and changes to the way we perform all of our production, supply, transportation, and administration, and innovations to the CO supply can address the above customer pains and add significant value.

To address these customer pains, Haldor Topsoe has developed the electrolytic CO solution (eCOs) system, wherein CO is safely produced via the electrolysis of CO2 at 700oC-850oC using solid oxide electrolysis technology. On-site CO production is the answer for any distributor or end user needing a steady supply of affordable CO. Transportation of carbon monoxide may be reduced or completely eliminated with onsite CO production using eCOs. On site CO generation is a significant development to the medical, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, electronics and specialty chemicals industries (which includes Carbonylation routes such as

phosgene, polycarbonates, polyurethane, isocyanates etc.), which require carbon monoxide in their processes as well as to gas distributors. The eCOs technology ensures security of supply, eliminates the need to transport hazardous gas, and drastically reduces costs related to storage, rentals and connections.

The eCOs technology requires only a power source and CO 2 supply, which often already is established on-site, or is easily established as a commodity. With eCOs, CO can be produced effectively and efficiently. The specific benefits of eCOs are: • •

• • •

On-site production on-demand Multiple sizes and purity options up to 99.999 percent Grade 5.0 (main impurity CO 2) Fully replaces tube trailer or cylinder supply Cost savings compared to bottles and tube trailers Easy to operate for non-chemical operators

What is an eCOs plant The name eCOs stands for “electrolytic CO solution”, and the heart of an eCOs plant is a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The eCOs plant flow diagram as shown in Figure 1 consists of two steps: 1) CO generation step (SOEC) and 2) gas purification step. In the CO generation step, Chemical Engineering World

AIR OPERATED DIAPHRAGM PUMPS

ARO® Air operated diaphragm pumps are designed for general use.

They can easily pump from clean, light viscosity fluids to corrosive, abrasive medium viscosity fluids and can transfer large particles without damage. z EXP

SERIES

CHEMICAL PROCESSING

SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE

z PRO

HIGHLY RELIABLE

SERIES

ECONOMICAL

EASY MAINTENANCE

GENERAL INDUSTRY

1/4” - 3” fluid ports Flow rates up to 285 gallons/min. (1,079 liters/min.)

Wide range of material configuration Most ARO® diaphragm pumps are ATEX certified (CE Ex11 2GD X) To learn more visit AROzone.com

CEW Features

Figure 1: eCOs plant flow diagram

the solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) efficiently reduces CO 2 to CO through the electrochemical process of electrolysis.

This results in a CO rich stream and an O 2 rich stream. The O 2 rich stream is vented to the atmosphere or can be exploited for other suitable applications. Any remaining unconverted CO 2 from the CO rich stream is removed from the CO product gas using a gas purification step. Removed CO 2 from the gas purification step, depleted in CO, is recycled back to the CO generation step.

merchant CO, which is virtually nonexisting with CO produced with eCOs. For a 99.96 percent purity grade CO produced with eCOs, most of the contaminants is CO 2 (330 ppm) and N 2 (30 ppm). O 2 and CH 4 is typically <0.1 ppm, H 2O <0.1 ppm and H 2 <2 ppm. These contaminants are sometimes critical for certain processes where CO is used and would normally require 5N grade CO if produced with traditional technologies.

How SOEC works

Haldor Topsoe’s experiences in fuel cells and separation technology have been the foundation of the development of the eCOs. That expertise has made the eCOs a safe, efficient, reliable, and cost effective system for the supply of CO, without personnel required by the users.

The modular containerized design allows for plants as small as 6 Nm 3/hr and as big as 200 Nm 3/hr with turn down ratio down to 30 percent. An eCOs plant is delivered as a stand-alone unit with power, CO 2 , and product gas connections.

Solid oxide electrolytic cells (SOEC), is an energy conversion technology that can be operated to store or convert electricity and carbon dioxide as carbon monoxide and oxygen, with high efficiency and high reaction rates. The cells operate at relatively high temperatures (700-850 oC) to split carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and oxygen using the heat and the SOEC cell, thereby self-cooling. The heat which is inevitably produced with electrical current is needed for the electrolysis process.

The eCOs technology ensures high levels of purity, producing CO ranging from 99.5 percent to 99.999 percent purity with minimal contaminants and CO 2 as the main contaminant. For some applications, certain impurities normally occurring in

The SOEC consists of three parts: an electrolyte, an anode, and a cathode that are built up of various ceramic (or solid oxide) materials (Figure 2). A cathode of an electrochemical cell is the electrode where reduction reaction occurs, and an anode

32 • July 2019

is where oxidation reaction occurs. Using external electricity, SOECs are able to electrochemically convert carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide at the fuel electrode (cathode). At the same time, pure oxygen can be obtained at the oxygen electrode (anode). The two electrolysis products, carbon monoxide and oxygen, are formed on each side of the cell.

At the cathode, CO 2 dissociates to form CO and O. The oxygen atom reacts with the incoming electrons from the external circuit to form an oxygen ion. The oxygen ion is conducted through the electrolyte to the anode. At the anode, the oxygen donates the electrons to the external circuit to form an oxygen atom. Two oxygen atoms finally combine to form an oxygen molecule at the anode side of the cell.

Industrial Experience The first eCOs plant of capacity 12 Nm 3/hr is currently in operation at Gas Innovations in La Porte, Texas (Figure 3). CO produced by the eCOs plant has surpassed the purity expectations of >99 percent purity and demonstrated >99.9 percent purity, with CO 2 being the main “contaminant”.

“We have experienced a very stable daily production of CO on the eCOs unit, Chemical Engineering World

ADVERTISE TO EXPAND VACUUM SOLUTIONS

your reach through

INSIGHT INTO THE PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOTECH INDUSTRIES

APPLICATIONS

Pick and place, bottle filling, filteratIon & solvent recovery, vacuum impregnation, vacuum packaging, vacuum drying, heat treatment, general engineering, distillation, freeze drying, oil purification, research & development.

Roots pumping system For Details Contact

Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd.

Centralised vacuum system

Roots pump with condensor (for solvent recovery)

Oli lubricated vacuum pump

Taj Building, 3rd Floor, 210 Dr D N Road Toshniwal Instruments (Madras) Pvt. Ltd. Fort, Mumbai - 400 001 267, Kilpauk Garden Road, Chennai - 600 010. India / Tel: +91 44 26448983 / 8558 Email: sales@toshniwal.net / Web: www.toshniwal.net Tel: 022-4037 3636, Fax: 022-4037 3635 Email: industrialmags@jasubhai.com Branches : Bangalore, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, Vadodara

CEW Features Technical Article renewable resources. In order to achieve the climate goals of the Paris Agreement, global leaders at COP22 plan to rapidly increase the fraction of renewable energy supply towards 100 percent over the coming decades. This will lead to significant changes in the electricity grid and a need for flexible large-scale energy storage due to the intermittent nature of wind and solar power.

Solid oxide electrolysis can be used to convert excess electricity to energy carriers such as hydrogen or syngas (H2 + CO), and Topsoe’s SOEC technology can convert CO2 and H 2O to syngas by feeding steam (H2O) and CO 2 to the cells simultaneously.

This is actually a specific feature of the SOEC technology and is not possible with conventional low-temperature electrolysis.

Figure 2: Basic operating principle of SOEC technology

since we put it into operation in January 2016. The flexibility is outstanding and we can scale the production and choose the necessary purity for our needs at any given time. So we have chosen to sign a 15-year pay-per-use agreement with Haldor Topsoe for an additional eCOs unit with ten times larger capacity”, says Ashley Madray, Executive Vice President, Gas Innovations. The new unit will be able

to produce 96 Nm 3/hr CO at up to 99.999 percent purity and is expected to be online at the end of 2017.

Future Perspectives with SOEC Besides CO 2 electrolysis, the SOEC technology has the future potential to be used in larger scale when the energy supply changes to more and more

The syngas generated in this manner may be stored and later reconverted into electricity at peak demand. It could also be further processed to methane which could be stored and distributed through the natural gas grid or synthetic fuels used in the transportation sector. Another possibility is the production of green and sustainable chemicals from these renewable carbon sources.

Contributors from Halder Topsoe

Chetan Mittal Technology Scouting Manager

Casper Hadsbjerg Business Director, eCOs solutions

Figure 3: eCOs Plant at Gas Innovation Inc., La Porte, Texas, USA 36 • July 2019

Peter Blennow Principal Research Engineer Chemical Engineering World

SUBSCRIBE NOW CHEMICAL ENGINEERING WORLD The Official Organ CHEMTECH Foundation it is India’s premier technology magazine for chemical proces industry professional. This highly reputed monthly publication provides novel insights on the dynamics of Indian and global process industries.

PAYMENT OPTIONS Cheque : Please send your cheque in favour of “JASUBHAI MEDIA PVT LTD”.

Subscribe NOW !

Sr. Period of No. Subscription

Yearly Subscription (in `)

% Amount to be Amount You Discount paid (in `) Save (in `)

1

1 year

1800

10%

1620

180

2

2 year

3600

25%

2700

900

3

3 year

5400

40%

3240

2160

Please fill up the contact details First Name Last Name Company Name E-mail Mailing Address

City Pin Code State Contact Number

Please Tick the box

BANK TRANSFER Beneficiary: JASUBHAI MEDIA PVT.LTD Bank: HDFC Bank Ltd Branch: Marine Drive Address: 143, Ground Floor, Soona Mahal, Marine Drive, Mumbai-400021 Bank Account No.: 12122020002057 IFSC Code (NEFT/RTGS): HDFC0001207

All the above complete field along with cheque should reach us at: Jasubhai Media, 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210 Dr D N Road, Fort, Mumbai-400001.

Tel: 022-4037 3636 Fax: 022-4037 3635 Email ID: dilip_parab@jasubhai.com Web: www.cewindia.com

CEW Features CASE STUDY

Nitrogen Tri-Chloride: The Explosive Contaminant V K Kapur, a chlor-alkali industry veteran has narrated his experience of tackling contamination of liquid chlorine after the organization received complaints from its customers. The readers will be taken through an interesting trail of how the team finds the source of contamination, connects with the customers, and takes immediate steps to prevent the disaster.

W

e were in Caustic-Chlorine business for over three decades and had rarely received serious complaint about the quality of liquid Chlorine supplied to the customers. All of a sudden, we had three unusual complaints from our consumers within a short period.

Complaint no.1) A mild explosion was heard in a water treatment plant when the liquid chlorine ton container was nearing its end.

Complaint no.2) A small scale chemical factory reported Chlorine smell coming from their chlorine reactors vent Complaint no.3) A professionally managed company, M/s Arundhati Chemicals, reported bursting of the rupture disc of chlorine evaporators and more than 15 discs have exploded in last one . Their consumption was more than 1000 tons per month of liquid chlorine from the ton containers First two complaints were investigated by sending area-in-charge but nothing unusual was reported by him, so no further action was initiated.

The last complaints of rupture discs bursting from a company managed by professionals and the earlier complain of the explosion sound in the water treatment plant, made us to think for a possible contamination in chlorine.

We were faintly aware that Nitrogen Tri Chloride (NCl3) can be the possible contaminant which is known for its explosive property.

38 • July 2019

Our factory had two cell houses .The first cell house was for membrane cells with its separate brine circuit to produce NaOH. The second cell house had mercury cells with facility to produce both NaOH and KOH; and had their separate brine streams. In total, we had three brine circuits. The chlorine gas produced in both the cell houses was cooled, dried separately, and liquefied to go to a common storage tank for ton containers filling for the customers.

Part of cooled chlorine gas before drying was diverted to produce Hydrochloric acid.

We were convinced that it had something to do with the NCl 3 contamination only and contacted Chlorine Institute USA, & EuroChlor Brussels, asking them to send the available literature on NCl3 urgently.

In the meantime we analyzed various streams for presence of nitrogen compound and checked NaCl brines (two streams), KCl brine, Sulfuric acid (used for wet chlorine drying) and water (for the chemical preparation).

The NaCl brine solutions for the two cell houses (mercury cell and membrane cell), sulfuric acid and water; had traces of ammonia ruling out possibilities of NCl3 at such a low ammonia concentration.

However, Potassium chloride brine had more than 50 ppm of ammonia.

The chlorine produced in the Potassium hydroxide (KOH) cells was 10 percent of total chlorine produced by both the membrane and mercury cell plants.

As we didn’t have the facilities to analyze NCl3 in liquid chlorine, we advised our laboratory to analyze the chlorine gas of NaOH & KOH cell for NCl3 content and they asked for three days to set up the facility.

We studied the literature received from Chlorine Institute USA, & Euro-Chlor Brussels carefully which revealed following information: • 13 percent NCl3 in liquid chlorine appears to be limiting concentration to achieve detonation with change in the temperatures.

• A mass of 1.5 grams of pure NCl3 / cm2 on a metallic surface wetted with chlorine is capable of fracturing the metal of a typical chlorine ton container.

• It has a vapor pressure much lower than the liquid chlorine.

• Every 1 ppm of ammonia, present in the brine solution produces 50 ppm of NCl 3 in chlorine gas.

• For a safe plant operation 5 ppm ammonia in the brine solution is the limit as per the literature.

Our laboratory had reported 50 ppm ammonia in KCl brine stream ten times more than safe limits in a day. Based on the results, our team assumed the content of NCl 3 at around 2500 ppm of NCl 3 in the chlorine gas coming out of the KOH cells when KCl brine ammonia content is 50 ppm.

After two days, the quality control laboratory submitted the report of gas analysis when the KCl brine had 35 ppm ammonia, KOH cell chlorine gas had 2150 ppm of NCl3 , the mercury cell house (where the KOH cells were operating) had 710 ppm and the mixed Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW chlorine gas of both the cell houses going for liquefaction reported as 09 ppm.

Naturally, we started analysis of KCl salt bags in the warehouse to know the extent of ammonia contamination which was found in the range of 500 ppm to 50 ppm that was too high as compared to the limit of 5ppm set for our supplier.

We advised the following steps for reducing the NCl3 formation: A. To discontinue the use of KCl salt showing presence of ammonia and use old stock of salt lying with us from earlier supply B. To inject open steam and air in all the three KCl reaction tanks to increase the temperature and provide vigorous agitation (higher temperature is needed for the removal of ammonia from brine solution and hot air drives away ammonia) C. To increase the free chlorine content in return KCl brine by adjusting process condition, as free chlorine kills ammonia D. To convert maximum possible KOH cells for NaOH production. We had the provision of converting few KOH cells to NaOH cells E. To divert the chlorine gas of mercury cellhouse for hydrochloric acid production After the implementation of steps A, B, and C , the level of ammonia reduced to less than 3 ppm in KCl brine.

Post implementation of the above mentioned steps, we started daily analysis of NCl 3 in KOH cell house & the mixed chlorine that was going for the liquefaction. Our team found the results very satisfactory.

With 3 ppm ammonia in KCl brine, we were sure that NCl 3 would be negligible in liquid chlorine going to the storage tanks.

Our visit to M/s Arundhati Chemicals: As a next step we visited M/s Arundhati Chemicals armed with the literature received from Europe and the USA. Chemical Engineering World

During the meeting we accepted the presence of nitrogen tri-chloride in our chlorine. We explained the presence of ammonia in KCl salt causing the formation of NCl 3. We had admitted that we were ignorant about the source of contamination and assured to inform once we located the source.

As a precautionary measure we advised them to reduce the withdrawal rate of liquid chlorine from the containers to half and increase the temperature in the evaporator to 70-75 degree Centigrade.

(Boiling point of NCl 3 is71 degree Centigrade). In this way, the entire NCl 3 dissolved in liquid chlorine will get vaporized and no NCl 3 will accumulate in the evaporator’s rupture disc.

We explained that using chlorine in liquid phase has very little chance of serious explosion compared to gaseous chlorine.

When Chlorine gas is drawn from the top valve of the container, NCl 3 doesn’t get evaporated (due to low vapor pressure compared to chlorine gas) and gets concentrated in container itself, with high risk of explosion. However when liquid is drawn from lower valve of the container such situation can be avoided.

This container has two valves and when the container is positioned so as to bring the two valves in vertical position as shown in the picture below, the top valve gives the gas and lower gives the liquid chlorine.

We also advised our client M/s Arundhati Chemicals to use only 850 kg of liquid chlorine, and return the tonners with 50 kg of chlorine. We informed the steps taken for ensuring minimum NCl3 in future supplies.

We had told them our inability to analyze NCl3 in liquid chlorine but gave gas analysis showing traces of NCl 3 in mixed gas now.

A copy of Chlorine Institute USA literature was handed over to them.

Protection for Gas Users from NCl 3 Contamination : The next step was to protect the customers who were using chlorine gas only and we were scared about serious risk involved for them. We called for an urgent meeting of chlorine vendors and customers to inform them about some contamination problem that was resulting in choking of containers outlet valves. This was also reported by some of the consumers.

We advised them not to use total 900 kg of Chlorine but to draw only 850 kg and assured them to pay back for the 50 kg unused Chlorine. Further, we also offered to compensate the consumers who had to face the loss in production due to frequent choking of pipelines and outer valves.

At this point of time, we did not want to scare them with the information about contamination because of NCl3.

Locating the source of ammonia in KCl salt: KCl salt is imported and to make it free flowing, anti-caking agent is being added to it. We wrote to our Canadian supplier about the concentration of nitrogenous anti-caking agent used by them. But the supplier denied having used any ammonium compound in it, which ruled out the possibility of the presence of ammonia.

It is important to note that earlier KCl was being imported in HDPE bags that were packed at supplier’s end. In order to reduce huge packing cost, we started procuring KCl salt in loose condition and bagging it at Indian port.

Now the only possibility that was left with us was that the consignment was contaminated July 2019 • 39

CEW Features at the Indian port. The consignment size of this shipment was 10,000 M.T that we had received six month back at Nhava Sheva port Bombay. We wanted to locate the source of ammonia contamination at Indian port now after a gap of almost 6 months which was similar to that of searching a needle in hay.

Though we were not very hopeful of finding any clue, still we went there.

We found the jetty area to be very neat and clean where a 2 km long belt conveyor was used to unload loose materials from ship into any of the five warehouses used regularly for storage of food grains, fertilizer, and other raw material.

Our team collected various deposits found on the steel structures along the length of the belt conveyer from jetty to warehouses to examine the samples. The samples were muddy with a mix of wheat grains as well as several chemicals, but there was no odor of ammonia. We carried the samples to our lab for analysis. After collecting the samples, we went to the record keeping room at the port and found that the warehouse no 4 was exclusively used for chemicals where KCl that we procured from our suppliers, was unloaded and stored in the same process used for all other chemicals.

The size of the warehouse was approximately 15 m in height and 200 X 50 m with capacity of around 50,000 MT to store loose chemical. We found many small heaps of dirty material lying around and collected samples from different heaps, many of which had strong smell of ammonia.

Though this seemed like a breakthrough for our team, the first question that crossed

our minds was: if ammonium salt was recently unloaded, we would still not be able to know how our consignment was contaminated. We further examined the eight months record of materials received in warehouse no 4 which confirmed that our consignment was unloaded just after the parcel of ammonium chloride after which no other chemical consignments were received in the same warehouse.

The port did not have proper system of cleaning the warehouse in place to prevent mixing of chemicals; and even requesting the port authorities for implementing that was of no help as they did not cooperate.

Meanwhile, our next consignment was due to arrive at the same port in next 30 days and we took more than a week to wash and clean the warehouse before unloading of parcel. And as the consignment arrived, we got the same packed in our presence. After this experience, we received subsequent assignments at a port nearby Nhava Sheva and ensured carrying out proper inspection during unloading & packing of salt.

Handling of returned containers in factory : Post our meeting with our customers, we had already started receiving containers with 50 kg chlorine rich with unknown quantity of NCl 3. We could not purge that for the reasons already explained.

According to the literature from Chlorine Institute USA, safe limit for NCl 3 in ton containers is 20 ppm and 2 ppm in storage tanks; however 13 percent in NCl3 on steel surface of the container can result in an explosion. Since all the containers that were returned with 50 kg of chlorine rich with NCl3 were still intact which indicated

Nitrogen tri-chloride (NCl 3) is an explosive contaminant for chlorine. It is formed during the electrolytic production of chlorine due to the side reactions between chlorine and various nitrogen compounds in the brine (salt) solution. It is a liquid with boiling point of 71 degree centigrade and is miscible in all proportions with liquid chlorine and compounds of chlorine such as carbon tetra chloride. Pure liquid NCl3 has been calculated to be capable of generating a detonation pressure of 5.5 to 7,500 atmospheres, based on its concentration.

40 • July 2019

the quantity of contaminant to be less than 13 percent.

Our team concluded that if we were to transfer the 50 kg of liquid chlorine parcels with less than 13 percent NCl3 to storage tanks, with 50 MT of chlorine capacity, the increase would be much less than 2 ppm and very much within safety limits. Soon after the detailed deliberations, we pushed chlorine into the storage tanks with the help of uniform mixing of dry air which was bubbled through one of the outlet dip pipeline.

After transfer of chlorine to storage tank, all the containers were air purged, washed with water, steamed, and dried. During the washing cycle, our team observed that the containers had more dirt, rust, and lot of brackish material as compared to containers that were emptied regularly for reasons unknown to us.

Utilisation of Contaminated KCl Salt After all the exercise, we still had 500 MT of contaminated KCl purchased at the rate of around INR 12-13k per ton that was to be consumed somehow!!

We dissolved 5 MT per day of contaminated KCl in the sludge pit in chlorinated water with vigorous air agitation and open steam heating. Once the level of ammonia reached 5 ppm, it was pumped back to the system. It took us almost three months to exhaust the contaminated stock of KCl. During this period, we received only one damaged container with its deformed welded portion of the end cover from a local consumer who did not report the accident at all.

It took us more than a year to overcome the NCl3 contamination in liquid chlorine. Had the bursting of the first rupture disc been reported immediately, we wouldn’t have overlooked the issue and probably would have been able to take action much before.

Author’s Details V K Kapur Chloro-Alkali Consultant, Mumbai Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW

Pipeline Corrosion Pipelines are important constituent of our day to day life. They control our daily life cycle to a greater extent. The very basic requirement of life, the water, reaches our home through pipelines. The essential ingredients of our life such as petrol, diesel, and many other important hydrocarbons reach us through pipelines. Natural gas, which is used in running several power plants and fertilizers plants, is transported through pipelines. Cooling water for condenser of a power plant requires a robust pipeline to transport sea water at a very high volume. Sewage disposal from residential buildings and industrial plants is also carried out effectively using a very strong network of pipelines. We cannot think of a system without a pipeline link to take care of our essential requirements at home. Industry transportation systems such as ships and commercial vehicles also use complicated pipeline network to supply fuel as well as cooling water to run the engine. All piping systems have one common problem of corrosion. The author, in this article, has strived to unfold the corrosion related problems of the pipeline systems restricting the scope to transportation of crude, gas, hydrocarbons, and water.

Abstract: Transportation of fluids by pipelines has become an essential requirement for large number of products.

However water, crude, and natural gas are the most important one. Water pipelines are both underground and above ground, while pipelines for crude and gas transportation are mainly underground.

One of the reasons for the same is the safety. Earth acts as the first defense of safety. Corrosion is a serious problem.

Internal corrosion of pipelines depends upon the type of fluid, while external corrosion is dependent upon the climatic conditions. For underground pipelines, the internal corrosion is not a very serious problem; and is usually tackled by injection of inhibitors. However, external corrosion is a real threat which is controlled by a combination of coatings and cathodic protection.

Underground Cross Country Pipelines (UCCP): There is a huge network of underground pipelines across the globe.

As a matter of fact, the length and volume of UCCP decide the economy of that country. Larger the pipeline length, more extensively it is spread in that country to reach large number of household and Chemical Engineering World

industrial establishments. From the very basic point of view, UCCP differs from above ground pipelines in terms of the safety aspects as major use of UCCP lines is made to transport crude and gas which are inflammable and can catch fire, if released due to some accidental leak or damage. That is why the first and prime safety factor considered for UCCP is the earth itself, which acts as the first defense to contain fire or release of the inflammable material to the environment.

Usually, the pipelines are kept 6 feet below the earth level and nicely protected by gravel and mud to insulate them from outside environment. Different countries have different lengths and capacity of these pipelines spread across various land terrain varying in softness, hardness, sandy, rocky, or full of minerals or moisture. These terrains can be undersea, river beds, brackish water, etc.

Thus the first step in laying underground

pipelines is the selection of laying route as per the right of way permissions from several agencies in that state or country.

There are more than 6500 offshore oil and gas installations in some 53 countries around the world. More than 50 percent of these installations are in the US Gulf of Mexico [1]. The next five largest areas in descending order are: Asia, Middle East, North Sea, West Africa coast, and South America [2]. These six regions account for the majority of the existing offshore oil and gas installations.

India has more than 45000 km of UCCP, with more than 50 percent transporting crude and gas and balance the refined product. These pipelines are spread over several states and passing through various cities, villages, towns, and riverbeds. Figure 1 gives a network of various pipelines for crude and gas

For underground pipelines, internal corrosion is not a very serious problem and is usually tackled by injection of inhibitors; however, external corrosion is a real threat which is controlled by a combination of coatings and cathodic protection.

July 2019 â&#x20AC;˘ 41

CEW Features

Fig 1: Network of Oil & gas pipelines in India [3]

respectively, spread across the country [3]. This does not include a network of compressed natural gas distribution lines, already working in many big cities such as Mumbai, Delhi, Ahmadabad, Baroda, Chennai, and Bangalore.

Corrosion of UCCP: Though steel has excellent properties in terms of its strength, ease of fabrication, as well as its low cost, it has a very imperious drawback of getting corroded. Thus, steel needs corrosion protection wherever it is used. The corrosion protection of steel

is a very important subject and methods like galvanization, coating by paints, use of inhibitor chemicals are the main methods to protect steels from corrosion.

A pipeline made of steel is exposed to environment either above the ground or below the earth as underground pipeline, and therefore it corrodes. Many people understand corrosion of steel when exposed to open environment, as in the case of above ground pipelines; but they are unable to imagine why a pipeline corrodes when buried in earth as underground pipeline. The reasons are

obvious. The earth or terrain under which a pipeline is buried, varies considerably from place to place. The soil under earth can be soft mud, sand, rocky, soil with lots minerals and moisture, brackish water, or marshy land, or a river bed.

Corrosion is one of the major cause of pipeline failure. Data from an American gas pipeline in 2011 showed that about 22 percent failure of pipelines were due to corrosion alone, slightly less than the material failure.

Methods of Corrosion Protection of UCCP: Corrosion protection of pipeline is classified as internal and external corrosion. As per the schematic of a pipeline as shown in Fig. 3, the internal corrosion is due to the fluid flowing in the pipeline, crude or gas or water, while

Fig 2: Causes of pipeline failure in 2011 [4]

42 â&#x20AC;˘ July 2019

external corrosion is due to the soil corrosion as described in penultimate section. Internal corrosion is usually not a serious problem unless the crude is sour ( H 2 S level more than 500 ppm) in nature. In case of sweet crude or gas, the internal corrosion is usually taken care by addition of inhibitors into the pipelines. Sometimes, a 50 Îźm epoxy coating is applied to take care of the drag problems in the pipe. External corrosion problems are considered to be more serious and require high class protective coatings, followed by additional cathodic protection.

Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW

External Corrosion taken care by Coating and CP

Internal Corrosion taken care by inhibitor dosing

Fig. 3: Schematic of a pipeline corrosion issues

Internal Corrosion in UCCP: Corrosion on the internal wall of a natural gas pipeline can occur when the pipe wall is exposed to water and contaminants in the gas, such as H 2S, CO 2, or chlorides. The nature and extent of corrosion damage are the function of the concentration of various corrosive constituents, such as CO 2, H 2S, water/moisture entrapment, pH, within the pipe as well as of the operating conditions of the pipeline [5]. For example, gas velocity and temperature in the pipeline play a significant role in determining the corrosion damage and its location. In other words, a particular gas composition may cause corrosion under some operating conditions but not others.

Therefore, it would be difficult to develop a precise definition of the term “corrosive gas” that would be universally applicable under all operating conditions.

Methods of combating Internal Corrosion: Usually internal corrosion problem arises when crude or gas is sour in nature. For sour gas environments, usually a corrosion resistant coating is required. These internal coatings are usually epoxy based coatings and are applied by internal spray of epoxy coatings. In sweet gas (SO 2 level lower than 500 ppm) and crude environments, usually the corrosion resistance is taken care by inhibitor dosing in the downstream pipelines. Several inhibitors are available which are used for inhibiting corrosion. The basic purpose of these inhibitors is creating a thin film Chemical Engineering World

of organic material on the inner steel pipe which prevents its direct reaction with the moisture or corrosive gases.

Most of the inhibitors used for oil and gas applications are usually organic in nature, for example, acetylene, alcohols, quaternary ammonium salts, aldehydes, amines, etc. [6].

External Corrosion Problems External corrosion of pipelines is due to a continuously varying environment of different kinds of soils, sand, marshy land, brackish water, riverbeds, and sea organisms and micro-organisms – especially SRB. In addition, the corrosive environment of soils due to moisture, minerals, oxygen, chloride, etc., further enhances corrosion of the pipeline external surface. Coatings are natural choice to create a barrier for the corrosive environment in soils. Over the years, there have been different coating materials and formulations used to protect pipelines.

For example, in the 1940s and 1950s, coal tar, wax, and vinyl tape were used; in the 1960s, asphalts were used; and in the 1970s to the present day, several polymer based insulating coatings are being used.

Polyethylene (PE) tape and extruded PE jacket material also have been used from early 1950s to the present days. Fusionbond epoxy (FBE) was one of the most

successful ones since 1970-s and is equally popular even today.

It is the most important to note that the coatings alone are not a permanent solution for the corrosion protection of pipelines as the coatings deteriorate with time while interacting with environment.

Hence, to take care of this degradation in the underground pipelines, an additional safety-shield using cathodic protection is given. A total pipeline protection system, thus includes consideration of steel quality, coating application, surface condition and treatments, design of coating, and cathodic protection system.

Pipeline Coatings: Though there are many types of coatings that have been applied on buried pipelines, the three main coatings commonly used for pipelines are: coal tar, FBE coating, and three-layer PE (3LPE) coatings. It is important to discuss the salient features of these coatings, while extensive information on the same can be found elsewhere.

Coal Tar and Asphalt Coatings: Coal tar enamel (CTE) protective coating systems have been used to protect underground and subsea pipelines from corrosion for decades. Its ease of application, low cost, compatibility with cathodic protection, and proven performance in the field

As a matter of fact, the length and volume of underground cross country pipelines (UCCP) decide the economy of that country.

July 2019 • 43

CEW Features fuses. The hot coated pipe is quenched immediately. The temperature at the pipe surface usually ranges from 180 o C to 210 o C. The coating thickness depends upon the pressure of the FBE powder, electrostatic voltage, and conveyor belt speed. A 350–500 μm coating is required from a pipe diameter of 8 to 36 inch.

Fig. 4 Showing three layers (1) FBE layer, ~ 100-150 microns, (2) adhesive layer ~ 200 microns and (3) polyethylene layer ranging from 500 microns to 2500 microns

for over 80 years, make it a popular choice of pipeline companies worldwide.

Its resistance to water absorption, hydrocarbons, soil chemicals, and bacteria is excellent. However, the most serious drawback of CTE coatings is the emission of carcinogenic vapors during its application, which not only threatens the workers carrying out the application but also pollutes the environment. Asphalt coatings is a bitumen coating, a stable polymeric, aliphatic hydrocarbon, having good resistance to water and chemicals.

Asphalt enamel coating, used for external surface of underground pipelines, consists of a primer and enamel coat.

This is strengthened by reinforcement and wrapper.

FBE coatings: Out of various organic coatings, epoxies have the strongest resistance to oxygen, moisture, and chlorides, which are important constituents of soil. Further, they are highly

insulating with very low conductivity and high dielectric resistance. That is why epoxies are the preferred choice where strong corrosion resistance is the main requirement. There are many ways by which the epoxy coatings can be applied: brush, spray, using liquid epoxies, or electrostatically spraying the fine epoxy powder on a heated pipe, which immediately melts it and fuses instantly. The coating has good cathodic disbondment resistance, hot water resistance, and good flexibility (5° of pipe diameter) at −50 o C. FBE coatings are thermosetting compounds, which, once set, cannot be re-melted. The most important requirements of the coating are surface cleanliness, proper heating, and sufficient cure. The first step is the blast cleaning of the pipe to Sa21/2, followed by heating the pipe uniformly using an induction furnace [7]. This is followed by electrostatic spraying of FBE powder, which immediately melts and

There are more than 6500 offshore oil and gas installations in approximately 53 countries around the world. More than 50 percent of these installations are in the US Gulf of Mexico [1]. The next five largest areas in descending order are: Asia, Middle East, North Sea, West Africa coast, and South America [2]. These six regions account for the majority of the existing offshore oil and gas installations.

44 • July 2019

Three Layer PE Coatings: One of the drawbacks of the thin FBE coated pipe is its damage during transportation and handling. In the mid-1980s and in the beginning of the 1990s, two additional coating systems were discovered. The first was the 3LPE system and the other was the dual-layer FBE system. The purpose of both these systems was to enhance the damage resistance of the single-layer FBE coating, described above. In 3LPE, it was achieved by the application of an extruded PE coating of 1500 to 3000 μm over the FBE primer layer of 100–150 μm. Since it is not possible to directly coat a PE layer over an already-coated FBE layer, an intermediate adhesive coat of polyolefin is made, which adheres primer to the FBE layer through its polar functional groups and to PE by its hydrocarbon groups [8]. The temperatures required to coat an adhesive layer and PE layers are, respectively, 220 o C and 238 o C, and the two coatings must be applied within a small time interval of 13–25 s (depending upon the pipe surface temperature). A schematic of 3LPE system is shown in Fig. 4.

Field Joint Coatings: The field joint coatings are the coatings that are used to join individual pipes, coated in the field, just before laying them in the ditch.

Such coatings are also called girth weld coatings as these are applied on the weld joint between the two coatings [9]. Since welds are vulnerable areas, prone to be attacked by corrosive species, they need to be coated with special care to enhance their resistance to corrosion while at the same time maintaining their compatibility Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW External corrosion problems are considered to be more serious and require high class protective coatings, followed by additional fortification derived from cathodic protection. with the main pipeline coating. Though, there are many coatings that can be applied at field joints, such as liquid epoxy, elastomeric polyurethane, coldapplied tapes, and viscoelastic coatings [10], the most common and acceptable field joint coating is the heat shrink sleeve coating. These are basically the rubberized coatings that, on application and after heating shrink, hold the pipe.

The first step is full cleaning of the girth weld area, followed by application of a primer epoxy coat. This is followed by the application of heat sleeve which requires uniform heating to make an excellent uniform coating on the welded area [9].

Above Ground Pipelines: The above ground pipelines are protected by many conventional paint systems. Since above ground pipelines are subjected to pilferage, are affected by changing weather conditions, it is necessary to design a coating system that has long durability, good mechanical properties such as high bond strength, abrasion and scratch resistance and also good impact resistance. Next most important property is weathering resistance. Thus the most common coating system that can work and give a life of at least 8-10 years can be a blast clean surface with an organic zinc rich primer or inorganic zinc primer, followed by an epoxy coat of atleast 150 μm, followed by an aliphatic polyurethane coating of 50 μm. If the pipeline is onshore, the epoxy coating thickness can be increased to 250 μm or MIO-epoxy coat can be used. In offshore environment, the epoxy system can be replaced by a single coat of 500 μm of polyester glassflake which can have long durability, abrasion, and corrosion resistance and also UV weathering resistance Chemical Engineering World

Conclusions: Pipeline corrosion is of great concern. Corrosion of pipeline takes place whether it is underground pipeline or above ground pipelines. Corrosion process depends upon the type of fluid transported by pipelines. Underground pipelines carry inflammable fluid crude and gas, and hence the pipelines are protected with all care where safety is one of the biggest concern. Internal corrosion of underground pipelines is not a serious problem for sweet crude or gas; and is usually tackled by injection of corrosion inhibitors. External corrosion of underground pipeline is a serious threat and therefore the pipelines are protected with utmost care using coatings and cathodic protection. Above ground pipelines are protected by conventional paint systems.

7. Performance of FBE on Pipelines – at operating temperatures above 120oF, prepared for joint industry project(JIP) committee alternate design with life cycle management, May 16, 2008, www.regulations.gov/search/ 8. WB Cox JJ, Three layer HDP Exterior pipelines coatings : job reference & case histories, 14th International Conference on Pipeline Protection, Barcelona, Spain, 29-31, October 2001.

9. Duncan J, and Friberg G, The definitive field joint coating—is there or can there be such a thing. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Pipeline Protection, Oct. 29–31, 2001, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 129–138.

10. Doddema JF, Self healing viscoelastic anti-corrosion system for critical infrastructural objects such as oil and gas pipelines. Paint Coating News, 2011, 7, 74–78.

References 1. Major Pipelines of the world, 4th edition, Petroleum Economist Magazine, Sep. 2012.

2. The Use of Coatings for Corrosion Control on Offshore Oil Structures, J. Peter Ault, P.E.Consultant Ocean City, NJ 3. Oil and Gas Pipeline Infra Summit 2014, The Waterstones Hotel & Club, April, 17, 2014, Mumbai 4. http://projects.propublica.org/pipelines/ 5. Corrosion resistant alloys for oil and gas production- guidelines on general requirements and test methods for H 2S service ( EFC-17, 2 nd edition). Maney Publication, 2002, ISBN: 978-1-90265355-6, Knovel (editor).

Author Details

6. Rajeev P, Surendranathan AO, Murthy CSN, Corrosion mitigation of the oil well steels using organic inhibitors – Prof (Dr) A S Khanna a review, J Mater Environ Sci (2012) IIT Bombay(Retd.), and Chairman, 3(5):856–869.

The Society for Surface Protective Coatings – India July 2019 • 45

CEW Features

Union Budget 2019-20: A Frost & Sullivan Perspective Union Budget 2019-20 has been tabled in Parliament on 5 Th July 2019, being presented by Finance Minister Ms. Nirmala Sitharaman. With this budget, the Government is intending to strengthen the growth and investment to secure the fastest growing economy tag for India.

Government’s promise to double the country’s economy size from USD 2.61 trillion to a staggering USD 5 trillion by Yr 2024 – 25 Along with other aspects, this budget confers several benefits for MSMEs and Startups. In this article, the author has made an inclusive analysis for the overall impact of the budget on Indian Economy and the highlights.

Overall Analysis: To arrest the slowdown in the domestic economy, measures to boost investment and employment are necessary. With the launch of initiatives like ASPIRE and schemes like “Nari Tu Narayani”, it is encouraging to see direct government measures focused on boosting entrepreneurship and encouraging women’s participation to improve India’s growth trajectory. With a sharp eye to boosting FDI, National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) will be used to organize Annual Global Investors’ Meet to attract global players to visit and invest in India.

This is expected to be instrumental for start-up funding as well.

To encourage affordable housing for all, the Government has planned to construct 1.95 crore houses under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana. Raising the deduction claim slab on interest paid for ` 3.5 lakh per annum loans to buy an affordable house under ` 45 lakh, will provide an additional boost.

Since water scarcity is an ever-increasing concern, it is encouraging to see that Jal Shakti Ministry will work in tandem with the States towards ensuring India’s water 46 • July 2019

security and providing access to safe drinking water to all.

The Government’s agenda for this year’s budget was to put India back in the growth trajectory. The citizens of India voted for a strong and stable government for the second term with the belief that the weakening growth and investment will gradually reverse, thus stabilizing the economy. The planned structural reforms announced today in the form of investment in infrastructure; and digital economy, along with the measures to boost the entrepreneurial culture in the country, is a strong testament that the present Government is focused on turning around the economy. Asia’s third-largest economy is anticipated to be bullish in the next 5 years and may reach closer to the target of becoming the USD 5 trillion economy by 2024 or 2025.

Overall Impact: Positive Top 5 – Expected Growth Drivers for 2019-20:

4. Strong structural reforms and citizencentric schemes to promote inclusive growth 5.

Streamlining operations consolidations of PSUs

and

Key Announcements: •

Eighty livelihood business incubators and twenty technology business incubators to be set up in 2019- 20 under ASPIRE scheme to develop 75,000 skilled entrepreneurs in agro-rural industries.

•

Annual Global Investors’ Meet to be organized

•

‘Nari tu Narayani’, ‘Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana’, and ‘Har Ghar Jal’ schemes

1. Investment growth 2. Boost to entrepreneurship 3.

Policy to restriction

eliminate

FDI

inflows

Krishanu Banerjee Consultant, Public Sector Practice Frost & Sullivan Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts

Nadir Godrej Managing Director Godrej Industries Limited

of the major “The Chemical Industry is one and we from contributors to India’s exports; ng support the Industry were expecting stro es, export from the budget in terms of tax , there was support and incentives. However expecting – one change which we were not exemption the withdrawal of custom duty acids which on CPS, PFAD and other fatty rs of Ole owa s ava ilab le to ma nuf act ure in custom chemicals and Soaps, resulting Ma ter ial dut y of 7.5 percen t on the Raw erted duty Input. This has resulted in an inv Chemical structure for this segment of the y on the Ind ust ry, sin ce the cus tom dut believe that finished products is zero. We rsig ht and this cou ld be thr oug h an ove ted goi ng wo uld exp ect this to be cor rec fro m the for wa rd wit h rep res ent ati on outside the Industry. We are also hopeful, nm ent wil l Un ion Bud get , tha t the Go ver cha nis ms pro vid e alte rna tive sup por t me ort benefits and incentives in lieu of the exp ich mig ht and inc ent ive s (lik e ME IS) wh al.” , sai d exp ire dur ing the cur ren t fisc or, Go dre j Nad ir Go dre j, Ma nag ing Dir ect

Jaydev V. Sanghavi Executive Director Aarvi Encon Limited

“During the union budget announcement, the gove rnm ent men tion ed its plan to spen d 100 lakh cr on infra stru ctur e

and deve lopm ent over the next 5 year s.

This visio n brin gs out an oppo rtun ity

to open enor mou s road map s for our country, hoping to generate employability, especially engineers pertaining to the civil sector in order for project executions and

cons truc tions , prov ing to be posi tive in our line of business activity. Taking India forward through technology in both urban and rura l area s, the gove rnm ent also

spok e abou t Big Data and AI whic h will impr ove the aspe cts of deci sion mak ing, speed and accuracy resulting in the ability to benc hma rk and track the prog ress of

developmental projects. Thus, recognizing to be very prom ising for year s to com e.

Over all, this is a posi tive mov e by the

Gove rnm ent as it also ackn owle dges to look at the labour rules and ease them with times to come”, said Jaydev V. Sanghavi,

Executive Director, Aarvi Encon Limited

Industries Limited

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 47

CEW Features

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts

Priyamvada Bhumkar Managing Director Soujanya Color Pvt Ltd

expend iture gap would need to be looked at careful ly in the uncerta in and volatile

get 201 9, “An Op por tun ity Mis sed . The bud wh ole som e cou ld hav e bee n a lot mo re ds of the by add res sin g the pre ssi ng nee n of job s, cou ntr y wit h res pec t to cre atio . It see ms ins piri ng inv est me nt, and gro wth ty. to hav e mis sed this opp ort uni

bud get on Wh ile the ove rall foc us of the r sec tor s the far m, rur al and urb an poo eno ugh for is lau dab le, it doe s not do a bus ine ss. pro vid ing a filli p to ind ust ry or Ind ia to be Wh ile the FM set a vis ion for eco nom y, pro pel led into a US D 5 tril lion e the sam e. the re is no cle ar pla n to ach iev e spending There is a thrust on infrastructur to stimulate by the government, as a means she et doe s gro wth ; how eve r the bal anc e d sourcing not seem to match as the require not cle arly of fun ds for suc h spe ndi ng is spe lled out . other public Sale of Air India and dilution of be a wa itsec tor und ert aki ngs nee d to y pan out . and -wa tch affa ir to see how the ren cy as a Bor row ing fun ds in for eig n cur dgi ng the me ans of rais ing cap ital for bri

48 • July 2019

conditi ons of foreign trade and money market s. Financ ial outlays on health, educati on, and defense seem to be curbed .

Levy of tax on petrol and diesel could lead to increas e in prices of daily commo dities.

Push for conver ting the entire country to EVs in a six year time frame while no plans for the IC vehicle s would be a challen ge to the industr y. Lastly the additio nal tax burden of 2 percen t and 5 percen t on the higher income bracket is a dampen er to investo r sentim ent and could further drag down the investm ent climate in the country. The budget was an opportu nity to usher in much needed reforms by having a larger outlook but the govern ment seems to have focused too narrow and missed the opportu nity to pull the econom y out of the slump state”, said Priyam vada Bhumk ar, Managi ng Directo r, Soujan ya Color Pvt Ltd

Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts

Satish Reddy Chairman Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd

ion Budget “The expectations from the Un ist budget, 2019 were that of a bold reform rem ent al but it tur ned out to be an inc start-ups budget at best. The emphasis on good move. and on the education sector is a fuel growth However, there was nothing to tors, which in the healthcare and pharma sec y keen on is disappointing. I was particularl deduction seeing a change in the weighted . A positive for R&D which did not happen e spurred policy move of this kind would hav a and other R&D and innovation in pharm irman, Dr. sectors”, said Satish Reddy, Cha Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd

Pramod Chaudhari Executive Chairman Praj Industries India

“At the outset, the Union Budget 2019 is an incremental and positive one focusing on all-r ound deve lopm ent of the India n econ omy. The prim ary focu s has been towards reversing the weakening growth, boosting domestic and foreign investments,

rapid infra struc ture build ing and also at creating a conducive business environment for start-ups and entrepreneurship.

In particular, the Government’s plan to build

a supportive ecosystem for manufacturing gree n ener gy tech nolo gies as well as initi ative s for clea n wate r, we belie ve,

is a step take n in the righ t direc tion to create and build a clean and green nation.

Furt her, with Indi a set to beco me a 3 trillion dollar economy this year, we believe the Gove rnme nt has unde rtake n posi tive steps and reforms to promote growth and

development of the economy, in the years to

come”, said Pramod Chaudhari, Executive Chairman, Praj Industries India

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 49

CEW Features

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts Satish Wagh Chairman & Managing Director Supriya Lifescience Limited

the Ind ian “Th e bud get poi nte d out tha t dol lar in eco nom y has add ed one tril lion vernment last five years through various Go poi sed to init iati ves and ref orm s, and is economy in grow to be a 3 trillion dollar importance the current year. Underlining the num ber of of ‘Ma ke in Ind ia’ init iati ve, a ed tow ard s init iati ves hav e bee n pro pos framework fulfilling this goal as part of a cyc le of for kic k-s tar tin g the vir tuo us nts , wit h dom est ic and for eig n inv est me , Sm all, par tic ula r em ph asi s on Mi cro SM E). The and Me diu m Ent erp ris es (M on eas e of Bu dge t has ma inly foc use d MS ME s, doi ng bus ine ss esp eci ally for ena blin g in add itio n to em pha siz ing on rie s wh ile gro wth for tra dit ion al ind ust tec hno log y off eri ng the m bus ine ss and mendable. incubation facilities, which is com am nes ty Th e dis pu te res olu tio n cum as Legacy scheme called “the Sabka Vishw 9” being Dispute Resolution Scheme, 201 tlement of introduced for resolution and set and Ser vice legacy cases of Central Excise ortunity to Tax, which is a ver y good opp eme covers the taxpayers. The proposed sch hav e got pas t dis put es of tax es wh ich tral Excise, subsumed in GST namely Cen eme also Ser vice Tax, and Cesses. The sch interest and provides relief from payment of es, the relief penalty. For voluntary disclosur and penalty is regarding waiver of interest

50 • July 2019

on payment of full tax dues disclosed. The person discharged under the scheme shall also not be liable for prosecution. Another commendable step taken for the Industry sect or, is unde r the Inter est Subv entio n Scheme for MSMEs, ` 350 crore has been alloc ated for FY 2019 -20 for 2 perc ent interest subvention for all GST registered MSMEs, on fresh or incremental loans. It will not only incentivize informal businesses to embrace the GST regime, but also ease and enhance the credit flow to eligible the busi ness . As anno unce d in the budg et, the start-up channel for Doordarshan will help budding entrepreneurs to shape their ideas and guide them about complex issues of compliance and taxation. The proposal to discourage business payments in cash and levy 2 percent TDS on cash withdrawal exceeding ` 1 crore in a year from a bank acco unt will bring in tax com plian ce and also increase revenues for the government.

Filin g of sing le mon thly GST retur n will prov ide a big relie f for MSM Es on the compliance front. It is a welcoming step for the new initiative wherein the startups and investors’ return-filing will not be subject to the scrutiny for angel tax. Angel Tax has emerged as one of the key issues faced by the Indian startup ecosystem. In the Budget, the Finance Minister has stated that special administrative arrangements will be made by the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)

Chemical Engineering World

Features CEW

rtups and for pending assessments of sta s vital step redressal of their grievances. Thi the nation. will help startup ecosystem of mentioned The Finance Minister has also a payment that the Government will create fili ng of pla tfo rm for MS ME s to ena ble platform bills and payment thereof on the del ays in itse lf. Thi s wil l hel p elim ina te inv est me nt pay me nt and giv e a boo st to en tow ard s in MS ME s. An oth er ste p tak nm ent is red uci ng dis put es is: the Go ver le lab our pro pos ing to str eam line mu ltip es. On the laws into a set of four labour cod r said the Customs duty, the Finance Ministe obj ect ive s pro pos als are dri ven wit h the ach iev ing of sec uri ng cou ntr y’s bor der s, n thr oug h hig her dom est ic val ue add itio endence, Make in India, reducing import dep ting clean protection to MSME sector, promo orts, and energy, curbing non-essential imp e Min iste r cor rec tin g inv ers ion s. Fin anc grammes stated the importance of the pro ak Yoj ana , viz . Pra dha n Ma ntr i Gra m Sad d Fre igh t Ind ust ria l Co rrid ors , De dic ate , Jal Marg Corridors, Bharatmala, Sagarmala physical Vikas, and UDAN for enhancing mo des . The con nec tivi ty thr oug h var iou s log ist ics , sai d ini tia tiv es wil l imp rov e increase the reduce transportation cost, and produced competitiveness of domestically s tak en by goo ds. Ano the r goo d ste p wa impetus to the Government to give further lea der shi p Ind ia’s gro win g infl uen ce and y. It wa s in the int ern atio nal com mu nit s and High decided to open Indian Embassie

Chemical Engineering World

Com miss ions abro ad in coun tries wher e India does not have a Resident Diplomatic Mission as yet. In Financial Year 2019-20, Gov ernm ent inten ds to open four new Emb assi es. This will not only incr ease India ’s over seas pres ence , but will also enable the Embassies to be more accessible and to prov ide bett er publ ic serv ices , especially to the local Indian community in thes e coun tries . The India n Deve lopm ent Assi stan ce Sch eme (IDE AS) prov ides conc essi onal finan cing for proj ects and contributes to infrastructure development and capa city buil ding in the reci pien t developing countries. It is noted that the said scheme will be revamped during the current financial year. Another big policy put forth by the Finance Minister on ‘One nation One grid’ for easy power availability at one price across states is also a very stimulating factor for the industry. Further, in the Union Budget, it has been proposed to extend the lower rate of Corporate Tax to 25 percent for all the companies with annual turnover up to Rs. 400 crores, which is also a good step taken by the Government as currently this rate is only limited to the companies having annual turnover up to ` 250 crores”, says Satish Wagh, Chairman & Managing Director, Supriya Lifescience Limited.

July 2019 • 51

CEW Features

Union Budget 2019-20: Reaction of Industry Stalwarts

Sanjeev Taneja President & Managing Director Evonik, Region India

, laid dow n Eco nom ic sur vey and bud get D 5 tril lion vis ion of Ind ia bec om ing US is growth economy by year 2024. Budget wever, we oriented and for ward looking. Ho structural need to continue to implement nom ic goa l ref orm s to ach iev e thi s eco ss, reforms especially ease of doing busine orc em ent , in lab or law s, con tra ct enf l ref orm s. and dis pos al res olu tion jud icia e growth is Roadmap for future sustainabl h focused pointing in the right direction wit tar get ed im pet us for job cre ati on via intent to investments in infrastructure and India’s rural infuse new vigor of enhancing economy. fin anc e In add itio n to the abo ve, the ver nm ent ’s min iste r als o hig hlig hte d Go ies to set plans for inviting global compan fac iliti es in up hig h-t ech ma nuf act uri ng h as solar advanced technology areas suc rag e, sem ipho to vol taic cel l, lith ium sto tric charging conductor fabrication, solar elec s, laptops, infrastructure, computer ser ver cifi ed tha t etc . Go ver nm ent has als o spe ed income they shall grant investment link

52 • July 2019

tax exemp tions to such manuf acture rs.

Growth in specia lty chemic al sector will certain ly get a boost with infrast ructur e development, housing, increased investment in manufacturing facilities in general, and in high technology areas such as solar OV, EV, and Lithium batteries. Fitness of energy sector and competitive cost of utilities will attract investments in the chemical sector.

Indian market offers a great demographic landscape and demand; however, a large part of the specia lty chemi cal indust ry is curren tly ser ved throug h impor ts.

More targete d incent ive progra mmes for investments and R&D are needed to attract FDI”, says Sanjee v Taneja , Presid ent & Managing Director, Evonik, Region India

Chemical Engineering World

Products CEW Safety Relief Valve

Mechanical Vacuum Booster The SR-07 are spring-loaded safety relief valves, specially designed and manufactured to API 526. These valves have been optimised in close co-operation with plant engineers and service specialists, simplifying design with fewer components for less down time, fewer spare parts and lower maintenance costs.

SR-07 has been engineered and designed to provide high quality performance standards for overpressure protection for air, gas, steam, and vapour as well as liquid phase applications.

This valve provides highly effective solution for various applications as in refineries, chemical industry, fertiliser plant, petrochemical industry, oil and gas industry, storage tank systems, etc.

For details contact: Nirmal Indl Controls Pvt Ltd Samriddhi, L B S Marg Mulund (W), Mumbai 400 080 Tel: 022-67746200 Fax: 91-022-25682771 E-mail: info@nirmalindustries.com

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 01

The vacuum boosters are of stateof-the-art design with many unique features ensuring complete vacuum tightness and leak-proof construction.

The boosters are provided with highly reliable sealing system consisting of piston ring type labyrinth seals along with rotary axial between the conveying and bearing chambers along with a neutral chamber. The drive and shaft is provided with double acting rotary seal and are properly sealed with O-ring.The lubrication on both ends is by splash oil and the drive arrangement is either direct-coupled or V-belt depending on the model and the operating condition.

Standard and special models are available suiting specific application. The standard construction is out of high quality cast iron inoculated for vacuum duty. Optionally, it can be out of SS, ductile iron with or with special coating of Nickel/Teflon, etc.

For details contact: Swam Pneumatics Pvt Ltd C-2, Sector 3, Gautam Budh Nagar, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201 301 Tel: 0120-4696222 Fax: 91-0120-4696200 E-mail: sales@swamatics.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 02

Zero Liquid Discharge Plants SS Techno’s evaporators are state-of-the-art units specially designed for your specific application, considering the physical/chemical properties and special characteristics of the effluent. Extensive technical knowhow and hands-on experience in the field, ensures the right solution at optimum cost of investment and operations.

Thermal evaporation is an energy intensive operation. SS Techno’s evaporators are designed in multiple stage units (with or without thermal vapour re-compression) to ensure optimum steam consumption and power utilization. This keeps the cost of operation as low as possible.

SS Techno’s evaporators have minimum scaling problems and require only chemical cleaning (CIP), usually once every fortnight.

The plant is operated on a 24 x 7 basis. The condensate is clean with total dissolved solids, less than 150 ppm, and can be recycled back to the plant.

The concentrated product is disposed-off as per the specific norms of the industry. It can be dried/disposed-off in landfills. If required, SS Techno supply specialty dryers such as screw conveyor dryer, SST Dryer, spray dryer as a post-evaporation stage. After drying some of their customers incinerate in a regular boiler or sell as a valuable product.

For details contact: SS Techno Ltd 502 Mayfair Towers 1 Wakdewadi, Shivajinagar Pune, Maharashtra 411 005 Tel: 020-66524431, 66524432 Fax: 91-020-66524434 E-mail: marketing@sstechno.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 03

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 53

CEW Products Oil Syst & Booster Vacuum Pumping Systems These extremely robust oil syst and booster vacuum pumping systems of capacity 3,000-20,000 m 3/ hr, <=0.1 mbar are suitable for harsh applications involving carbon carryovers. They are capable of maintaining high displacements as well as high vacuum levels under continuous operations is rated as the best vacuum system for waste oil re-refining processes. They are available in 2, 3 and 4-stage configurations.

Ideal for pumping hydrocarbons/oil vapours at low pressures/high vacuum levels for continuous and long term operations.

Plenty of systems installed in both batch and continuous processes (direct heating/wiped film evaporators).

Owing to this high displacement and high vacuum, considerable improvement observed in end-product (colour, smell, viscosity, output, etc).

For details contact: Everest B-44 Mayapuri Indl Area, Phase I New Delhi 110 064 Tel: 011-45457777 E-mail: enquiry@everestblowers.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 04

High-speed Digital Telemetry Technology Probe offers its customers additional resources to dramatically increase their data logging capabilities through the adoption of its high-speed digital (HD) telemetry platform.

Known as the HD Platform, an increasingly wider range of high-speed, highly configurable digital sensors play critical roles in helping operators to log data much more efficiently. In addition to its range of Standard and Array Production logging tools, Probe has been focusing on cased-hole formation evaluation solutions: the MAC 24 Multi-arm Caliper Tool, which makes it possible to identify integrity problems, such as mineral deposition, corrosion, wear or mechanical deformation, inside a completion; the RADii Segmented Bond Tool, which measures and maps the quality of cement behind casing in oil and gas wells; the RAS Reservoir Analysis Sonde, a three-detector pulsed-neutron logging tool for measuring reservoir saturation using Sigma and Carbon-Oxygen techniques; and the Spectral Gamma-ray Tool, an evaluation tool that offers insight into the radioactivity and mineral composition of cased-hole formations.

The new HD Platform consists of two parts: an inter-tool communications bus and mono-conductor telemetry which is managed by the Telemetry Control Unit (TCU). The inter-tool communications bus is a single wire bi-directional system that operates at 500-kpbs, which is ample speed to accommodate many different combinations of logging tools. The controlling telemetry - or alternative memory tool - samples sensors at a rate of 50 times per second, allowing high data rate tools and, for example, multi-arm calipers to provide high vertical resolution. Commands and instructions are also sent to the sensors on the same single wire bus.

The TCU handles all communications to surface. This device controls the data collected by the tools below, and packages it for transmission to the surface system. It receives commands from the surface system via the fast downlink, and responds back to the surface, as necessary. The TCU can be replaced by the Memory Logging Tool (MLT) allowing all HD sensors to be deployed on slickline and coil tubing, among others.

The HD Platform is a modular design offering simple mechanical maintenance and supported by plug-in electronic boards. It is well-suited to both conventional and remote environment operations.

Probe plans to integrate HD telemetry technology into all current and future cased-hole logging tools.

For details contact: Probe Fort Worth, Texas U.S.A. Tel: +1 817 568 8528 x1212 E-mail: Justin.galloway@probe1.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 05

54 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

Products CEW Oxygen Gas

Triple Offset Butterfly Valve

Oxygen makes up important proportion of the atmosphere that is about 20.94 per cent by volume and 23 per cent by weight. It is colourless, odourless and is highly reactive. It reacts strongly with combustible materials releasing heat because of its oxidising properties in the process. Oxygen gas has a low boiling point (-183 oC) and it is around 1.1 times heavier than air. Uses of oxygen in the industry are immense.

DelVal Flow Controls offers topof-the-line products in pipeline flow control. The DelVal Series 4 triple offset butterfly valve has been developed with extensive application, design and manufacturing expertise. These products are produced by employing modern manufacturing practices under a robust quality assurance system. These practices ensure consistent product quality and dependable performance. The DelVal Series 4 has been designed to include state-of-the-art features.

Oxygen gas is also known as the second largest industrially consumed gas. It has reactivity that it finds application in steel processing, welding and cutting of steel. Steel industry is known as the huge consumer of commercially produced oxygen. For production of steel basic oxygen furnace uses oxygen in large proportion. The use of oxygen also helps to minimise the amount of fuel needed to make a given product.

Oxygen is used with fuel gases like acetylene in flame.

For details contact: Process Control Devices Plot No: 22 Rautara Indl Estate Shil-Mahape Road, Shil Phata Thane, Maharashtra 400 612 E-mail: sales@pcd-flowmeter.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 06

The DelVal triple offset butterfly valves provide bi-directional bubble-tight shut-off. This geometry ensures that the disc seal contacts the body seal only at the final shut-off position without rubbing or galling, providing a torque generated resilient seal with sufficient wedging to ensure a uniform seal contact.

For details contact: DelVal Flow Controls India Gat No: 25/1A, Kavathe, Post: Javale, Tal: Khandala Satara District, Maharashtra 412 801 Tel: 02169-342285 Fax: 91-02169-241288 E-mail: salesindia@delvalflow.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 07

Single Stage Helical Gear Units With its single stage NORDBLOC.1 helical gear units the NORD DRIVESYSTEMS range includes innovative drive units with high efficiency and long service life. The drive specialist has now extended its successful series with three larger sizes.

The three new products: SK 871.1, SK 971.1 and SK 1071.1, have powers from 0.12 to 45 kW and cover the torque range up to 1,000 Nm. Thanks to optimised bearings, they can reliably handle large axial and radial forces. The robust, cast iron gear units are therefore optimally suitable for pumps and agitators.

The innovative NORDBLOC.1 helical gear units impress with their high efficiencies, compact design and ultimate reliability. They do not have any separating joints or closing caps. This increases the stability of the product and at the same time provides a smoother surface on which neither liquids nor solid materials can accumulate. The FEM-optimised UNICASE housing ensures max strength and rigidity.

The modular design provides wide application flexibility due to numerous configuration and mounting options. All variants are available as flange mounted (B5 or B14), or foot/flange mounted versions. Options for IEC and NEMA motor mounting as well as a wide range of equipment variants for shafts, bearings and lubrication can be flexibly implemented.

For details contact: NORD DRIVESYSTEMS Pvt Ltd 282/2 & 283/2, Plot No: 15, Village Mann Tal: Mulshi, Adj Hinjewadi MIDC Phase II Pune, Maharashtra 411 057 Tel: 020-39801217 Fax: 91-020-39801416 E-mail: monika.mishra@nord.com / pl.muthusekkar@nord.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 08

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 55

CEW Products Stirred Reactors Parr offers a wide choice of design options to meet the user’s individual installation or operating requirements.

Stirred reactors have two different vessel mounting styles, fixed head design for users with multiple fed, vent and instrumentation need.

The movable head design to users who wish to charge or recover reactants and products away from the operating area. Magnetically coupled stirrer drives are offered in high and low speed designs in four operating torque ranges. Heaters range from electric to circulatory jackets. Temperature controllers are available to fully integrate the process controller or as simple controls. Other available accessories for stirred reactors include internal cooling coils, bottom drain valves, condensers, custom stirrers, explosion-proof components, liquid gas filling and monitoring systems and many more.

For details contact: Orbit Technologies Pvt Ltd B-50 Indl Estate Sanath Nagar Hyderabad Telangana 500 018 Tel: 040-67216354 Fax: 91-040-23801579 E-mail: orbit@orbitindia.com

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 09

Hydrophobic Pyrogenic Silica for Industrial Adhesives WACKER’s pyrogenic silica HDK is a white amorphous powder. It is based on highly pure hyperpure silicon dioxide and has a low density.

This is also true for HDK H21, new pyrogenic silica. The product has a large specific particle surface area. Due to the nature of the particle surface, the silica can be readily incorporated into polar liquids, even though it is itself highly hydrophobic, ie, non-polar.

WACKER laboratory experiments show that HDK H21 blends into an adhesive formulation significantly faster than other hydrophobic products. Nevertheless, it offers pronounced rheological activity and surpasses the effectiveness of other hydrophobic pyrogenic silicas, especially in highly polar systems. This makes HDK H21 suitable for manufacturing high-performance adhesives efficiently and in less time and makes it possible to manufacture sag-resistant formulations.

As a consequence of its large specific surface area and its hydrophobicity, HDK H21 gives pronounced shear-thinning properties to polar liquids. A suitable amount of pyrogenic silica will make the compound viscous when at rest and prevent sagging. When shear forces are applied, however, the viscosity drops. As a result, a polar industrial adhesive containing the new additive can be readily pumped and precisely applied. When modified with the appropriate concentration of HDK H21, adhesive compounds will not run until fully cured – not even when applied in very thick layers and when the bonding surface is sloping or curved.

In this way, HDK H21 creates the conditions for efficient adhesive application and a reproducible, flawless bond. The product also enhances the shelf life of reactive adhesive components. It prevents fillers from settling and, due to its hydrophobic character, barely interacts with the adhesive matrix.

HDK H21 is perfect for use as a rheological additive in high-strength industrial adhesives, such as those in automotive industry bonding applications, in chemical dowels for the construction industry, and in bonds between the half shells of wind turbine rotor blades.

For details contact: Wacker Chemie AG Hanns-Seidel-Platz 4 81737 München, Germany Tel: +49 89 6279 1588 E-mail: agnes.froeschl@wacker.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 00 10

56 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

Products CEW Propane Gas

Flue Gas

Propane is one of nature’s most versatile sources of energy. It is a flammable hydrocarbon gas liquefied through pressurisation. Along with butane and mixtures of these gases it is classified as LPG. In wide applications, the solution can be found in commercial grade propane furnaces and water heaters. Measuring the flow rate of propane to the boiler it is often necessary for better combustion efficiency and to meet environmental requirements.

PCD thermal mass flow meters have negligible pressure drop and wide turndown to meet these requirements. PCD TMF Series provides both easy to install inline thermal flow meters and insertion thermal mass flow meters. Addition to that to reach difficult burner lines or locations with extreme radiant heat, PCD also offers a remote type flow meter with up to 50 meter, with up to 50 meters max lead length compensated cable transmission.

Flue gases emits from any process industries such as petroleum, metals, chemicals, food processing, paper plants, pharma, power plants and boilers. Flue gases are the common name given to the mixed composition gases that are the byproduct of a combustion process. A flue is typically a duct, stack, large pipe, chimney or other vending connected to a process system such as a furnace, boiler, steam generator, oven, etc, through which waste flue gases are emitted from the combustion process. Depending on the process mostly flue gases can consist of nitrogen, carbon-dioxide, trace amounts of oxygen and water vapour and environmentally sensitive pollutants such as nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides and other traces of gases. Measuring the flow of flue gases for process control data reporting is often mandated by environmental and regional air quality regulations. PCD insertion flow meters offer accurate and cost-effective solutions to flue gas measurement.

For details contact: Process Control Devices Plot No: 22, Rautara Indl Estate Shil-Mahape Road Shil Phata, Thane Maharashtra 400 612 E-mail: sales@pcd-flowmeter.com / sales,pcdpl@gmail.com

For details contact: Process Control Devices Plot No: 22, Rautara Indl Estate Shil-Mahape Road Shil Phata, Thane Maharashtra 400 612 E-mail: sales@pcd-flowmeter.com / sales,pcdpl@gmail.com

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 11

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 12

Integrated Elemental Analysis with Unique Colour Imaging Thermo Fisher Scientific offers new technology that allows researchers, scientists and engineers to instantly view and analyze meaningful elemental content that is differentiated by colour directly from a SEM. ther ColorSEM technology includes an integrated elemental analysis with unique colour imaging, so it produces live colour images directly within the SEM UI. It solves two problems for users: 1) it integrates SEM and EDS into one technique.

To determine the elemental composition of a sample, researchers have typically used SEM imaging in combination with EDS analysis, a microanalytical X-ray technique. This process involves changing the UI from SEM to EDS and then back to SEM to obtain and analyze the images for each sample. By integrating both SEM and EDS into one imaging technique, ColorSEM increases productivity and eliminates the need to move from one UI to another. The faster, easier-to-use process also makes it possible for academic institutions to accommodate more researchers within a single multi-user lab with a higher throughput; and 2) it allows users to see true elemental content, differentiated by colour, instantly. Scientists and researchers interested in micro-scale imaging and elemental composition and engineers using SEM for failure analysis need to observe similarities and differences within their samples. Unlike greyscale SEM imaging, which lacks elemental composition information, elemental content produced with the ColorSEM technology are automatically generated with differentiated colours, allowing users to immediately see defects or tell features apart in a sample area.

For details contact: Thermo Fisher Scientific 5350 NE Dawson Creek Drive Hillsboro, OR 97124, U.S.A. E-mail: kathy.gill@thermofisher.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 13

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 57

CEW Products Surface Treatment The nsd tupH surface treatment from NORD DRIVESYSTEMS provides an outstanding anti-corrosion protection for gear units, smooth surface motors, frequency inverters and motor starters in washdown-optimised cast aluminium housings. By means of a special process, the aluminium surface has similar corrosion-resistance properties to SS. It can be easily cleaned and is largely resistant to acids and alkalis. Even the use of high pressure cleaners or contact with many types of aggressive media is possible; making nsd tupH drives a robust and durable alternative to painted geared motors or SS versions. nsd tupH treatment is available for all NORD products made from aluminium. DIN and standard components, including drive shafts, are manufactured in SS. Fanless motors do not spread germs and are available as synchronous and asynchronous motors with efficiency classes IE2, IE3 and IE4.

For details contact: Getriebebau NORD GmbH & Co KG Getriebebau-Nord-Straße 1 22941 Bargteheide/Hamburg Germany Tel: +49 45 32 / 2 89 -0 Fax: +49 45 32 / 2 89 -22 53 E-mail: pl.muthusekkar@nord.com / Joerg.Niermann@nord.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 14

Horizontal Flow Wrapping Machine Hermetic packages protect pharma products from external influences like humidity, oxygen and light. The new horizontal flow wrapping machine Sigpack HML from Bosch Packaging Technology, allows products such as blow-fill-seal vial cards, blisters and various medical technology products including pens and inhalers to be reliably hermetically packaged.

The Sigpack HML is suitable for the production of both small and large batches. Depending on the desired output volume, the film reels can either be changed manually during short machine stops or with the help of a splicer. The improved splicer fully automatic connects the old and new film to avoid disturbances, such as at the film former. Products are delivered to the flow wrapping machine via a transport chain. The transverse and longitudinal film sealing uses the proven Longdwell heat sealing technology. The machine achieves an output of up to 350 sealed packages per minute.

The sealing rolls used for horizontal wrapping can be opened from both sides. This prevents the film from coming into contact with the heated sealing rolls, and from being damaged during machine downtime. For particularly temperature-sensitive products, the cover plates at the sealing station can be cooled. The Sigpack HML is also available with ultrasonic sealing, allowing customers to gently package heat-sensitive products. Upon request, the Sigpack HML can be equipped with options for additional product protection, such as the “no gap no seal” function. This is especially used for product piles in blister or BFS packages, which is checked once again shortly before it reaches the cross sealing. If the pile is not in the correct position, the cross-sealing stops. This avoids product rejection or damaged sealing jaws. The optional MAP module (Modified Atmosphere Packaging) offers optimal product stability by removing residual oxygen from the hermetic packages. Sensors precisely monitor and regulate the gas content of the packages. The Sigpack HML can be combined with other equipment, like cartoning machines as well as track and trace systems for seamless traceability of the packaged products.

For details contact: Commha Consulting GmbH & Co KG Poststraße 48 69115 Heidelberg Germany Tel: +49 6221 18779-32 / F -11 E-mail: bosch@commhaconsulting.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 00 15

58 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

Products CEW Polypropylene Filter Housings

Bag Filter System

The polypropylene filter housings are made of ruffed reinforced polypropylene.

They are recommended for low flow rates to higher flow rates in wide range of applications including residential, commercial and industrial.

Available in 8”, 10”, 20” Standard models and 10”, 20” Jumbo models for higher flow rates. Leak-proof sealing with top seated Buna-N O-ring. Blue, black/San filter housing blue body with black cap, white body with white cap, clear body (SAN/PC) with white cap. Available in 8”, 10”, 20” sizes.

Pressure relief/bleed button on inlet side and cap ¼1/4”, 1/2”, ¾1/4” and 1” in/out connection. Max flow rates up to 8 lpm – 8” size, 10 lpm - 10” size, 40 lpm – 20” size. Max temperature 70oC and operating pressure up to 6 kg/cm2. Big Jumbo filter housing large capacity housing is suitable for high flow applications. Available in 10” and 20” sizes to meet your needs – 4.5 DOE filter cartridges 1-1/2” in/out connection. Max flow rates 50 lpm - 10”, 100 lpm - 20” pressure relief/bleed button on inlet/outlet side of cap.

For details contact: National Card Board Mill Plot No: 140-2/B/2, GIDC Estate Ankleshwar, Dist: Bharuch, Gujarat 390 002 Tel: 02646-252569, 222569 Fax: 91-02646-253002 E-mail: ncbmfilter@gmail.com

Bag filter system is designed for optimum filtration performance. The range provides filtration solution for a broad variety of fluid applications in the process industry.

They are particularly useful for filtering large volume of high viscosity liquids.

Bag filter is constructed of filter housing, filter bags, internal cage to support bags, positive sealing arrangement and choice of end connections.

The internal supports ensure bags will not burst as high differential pressures build up during operation. Operation unfiltered fluid enters the housing and is distributed evenly around the filter bags.

Filtration takes place from inside to outside. Solids are collected on the inside of filter bag for easy removal. The filtered fluid then exits through the outlet pipe.

For details contact: National Card Board Mill Plot No: 140-2/B/2 GIDC Estate Ankleshwar, Dist: Bharuch Gujarat 390 002 Tel: 02646-252569, 222569 Fax: 91-02646-253002 E-mail: ncbmfilter@gmail.com

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 16

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 17

Reciprocating Piston & Booster Vacuum Pumping Systems Everest offers extremely sturdy – no maintenance, piston pump and booster combination systems with high pumping volumes at low operating pressures in capacity 18,000 m 3/ hr, <=0.5 mbar (in 3-stage configuration). This is typically done when a high capacity dry rotary lobe vacuum booster is matched to a smaller reciprocating piston vacuum pump for continuous operation.

Dry reciprocating piston pumps offer individual vacuum ranging between 10-25 mbar in single and double stage configuration. Dry reciprocating piston pumps are 100 per cent free of oil, water and steam.

Plenty of successful installations are in various industries like waste oil re-refinings, glycerine distillation, biodiesel distillation, chemical industrial processes, etc.

For details contact: Everest B-44 Mayapuri Indl Area, Phase I New Delhi 110 064 Tel: 011-45457777 E-mail: enquiry@everestblowers.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 18

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 59

CEW Products Flow Transmitters The flow transmitters are new series from Toshniwal with only two moving parts, ie, oval wheels. The dry sectional parts like transmission gear assembly are totally eliminated in this flow transmitter where wear and tear is totally nil. These transmitters are maintenance-free. This is fixed with a weigh and wire sensor to give direct pulse output for rate of flow indication/totalization.

Features simpler signal conditioning circuits with no or little lower component count, lower system costs and higher system reliability; lower system power consumption, therefore longer product life for battery powered designs; and no false pulse count.

For details contact: Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-26448558, 26448983 Fax: 91-044-26441820 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net or Circle Readers’ Service Card 18

Level Indicators Visual level indicators combine up to three functions in one instrument: level indicator, level switch and level transmitter. The display that can be read even over large distances works without energy and automatically as a result of the physical law of liquids in communicating vessels. The WEKA visual level indicators are characterized by their compact design and the wide range of applications.

Operating pressures can range from a vacuum up to 500 bar as well as calculation pressures for the float standpipe up to the nominal pressure PN 630. Liquid densities >0.27 g/cm 3 as well as a temperature range from 77 K to 673 K (-196 oC to 400 oC) allow use in applications for cryogenic liquid gases as well as in water hydraulics and steam boilers. Hermetically sealed floats for condensing media are available up to a max operating pressure of 320 bar.

Flexibility through choice of suitable materials - standard materials: 316/316L 1.4435/1.4404, Group A4 stainless austenitic steel. Other possible stainless austenitic steels: 304/304L 1.4301/1.4306, 1.4571, 321, 1.4541.

The WEKA visual level indicator is ideal for the commissioning of systems. The display works without energy and automatically as a result of the physical law of liquids in communicating vessels. Independent of a controller - and thus also independent in the event of a power supply failure - visual level indication on site is ensured.

The wide, red- and silver-coloured flag indicator system is easily and clearly readable, even from over large distances. The fully transparent flag indicator system made of polycarbonate (PC) also ensures readability from the side. The liquids, which are not always unproblematic and sometimes also hazardous, are safely enclosed in the dense and pressure-tight float standpipe and separated from the indicator.WEKA visual level indicators offer the ideal solution for almost all operating conditions.

For most applications, you will find a suitable device from Toshniwal’s standard program. Again and again, however, customized solutions are also required for special operating conditions. Many designs can, eg, also be used in hazardous areas according to ATEX or IECEx (ATEX is a widely used synonym for the ATEX guidelines of the European Union). The designation ATEX is derived from the french abbreviation for atmosphere explosibles. Toshniwal’s instruments can thus also be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. It finds application in explosion-proof plants, mechanical and plant engineering, water management, ship building, energy, space and research.

For details contact Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044 26445626, 26448983 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net or Circle Readers’ Service Card 00 19

60 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

Products CEW Thermal Mass Flow Meters and Controllers for Gases The MASS-STREAM brand stands for reliable, very robust product lines of thermal mass flow meters and controllers for gases of M+W Instruments and Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd’s proven experience for years.

The instruments can be used for almost all possible gases and gas mixtures in a variety of applications in which gas flows are measured and controlled, such as in industry, process technology or laboratory equipment. The compact design and sophisticated modular system allow an attractive price-performance ratio.

The new digital Series MASS-STREAM D-6300 operates on the direct through-flow measurement principle, also called inline-sensor measuring principle, for mass flow ranges from 0.2 to 5000 ln/ min air (full scale range).

All MASS-STREAM mass flow meters and controllers work without any moving parts in the metering chamber with relatively small pressure losses. As they apply the mass flow principle, it is unnecessary to compensate for variations in the working conditions like pressure or temperature. This is in contrast, eg, to piston proven measuring instruments that operate with a volumetric measuring principle where any alteration in pressure or temperature may cause measuring faults.

For details contact: Toshniwal Hyvac Pvt Ltd 267 Kilpauk Garden Road Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-26448558, 26448983 Fax: 91-044-26441820 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net

or Circle Readers’ Service Card 20

Phauler Mixer Today, manufacturers are challenged to find ways and means to increase productivity and improve the quality of their product. It is a known fact that the heart of detergent powder manufacturing involves complex mixing process and demands unique mixing equipment.

Toshniwal offers mixing solution for detergent powder manufacturing to achieve good quality product in a safer manner by saving time, electricity, space and money.

Toshniwal has the license to manufacture in India the Phauler mixer of A&J Mixing Technology, Canada. The single shaft paddle mixer and the special accessory shear maker provision meets the detergent powder manufacturing process requirements.

The salient features of the mixer are as follows: fast accurate mixing; repeat performance; low intensity, gentle mixing, hence no degradation; low operating cost, high production volume; and quick drop bottom discharge.

The detergent powder process involves raw material sifting operation; premix and main mix homogeneous mix with liquid labs addition for neutralization reaction process, perfume spray and to get lump-free detergent powder with desired active index quality level.

The advantages of using Toshniwal Phauler mixer for detergent manufacturing are: it eliminates the excessive liquid LABSA addition to get desired active detergent index value; low cost energy per tonne of mix due to short mixing cycle; and eliminates lump formation in the mixing process resulting in saving on reprocessing cost, time and labour, etc.

For details contact: Toshniwal 267 Kilpauk Garden Road, Chennai 600 010 Tel: 044-26445626, 26448983 E-mail: sales@toshniwal.net or Circle Readers’ Service Card 00 21

Chemical Engineering World

July 2019 • 61

CEW

NATIONAL

INTERNATIONAL Machine Tool Expo

Dates: 8-11 August 2019 Venue: India Exposition Mart, Greater Noida Event: This event is a one stop destination to address the

manufacturing requirements of the OEMs of various industry sectors in Tier II and Tier III cities of India. It will cover the entire gamut of metal working machine tools for both metal cutting and metal forming including automation and robotics, tooling systems, CAD/ CAM and other technologies essential for today’s manufacturing.

For details contact: Indian Machine Tool Manufacturers’ Assn Bangalore International Exhibition Centre 10th Mile, Tumkur Road, Madavara Post, Bengaluru 562 123 Tel: 080-66246600, E-mail: imtma@imtma.in India Surface Treatment & Finishing Expo

Dates: 05-07 September 2019 Venue: Pragati Maidan, New Delhi Event: This Expo aims to offer the surface finishers with an impeccable

platform for business co-operation and technology dealings. The beauty of this show is that the participants can share all info with the selected audience while making relations with new clients. It is axiomatic that almost all surfaces made by ordinary machining and fabrication techniques are positively skewed and then make an unenviable effect on the bearing load of surfaces, destructively impacting the operation of the parts involved in applications. Hence, the need for specialized high-energy finishing procedures is essentially required to truncate the surface profile peaks.

For details contact: ACE Exhibitions Unit 308-309, Vardhman Sunrise Plaza Vasundhara Enclave, New Delhi 110 096 Tel: 011-40204421, 49538601 E-mail: sales@aceexhibitions.co.in analytica Anacon India and India Lab Expo

Dates: 19-21 September 2019 Venue: Hitex, Hyderabad Event: This Expo is more than just an exhibition. Not only it brings buyers and sellers together for business and networking, it also offers ample of networking opportunities attracting thousands of pharma and R&D professionals – creating a complete pharma marketplace for your business. Join local and international suppliers as they are exhibiting at analytica Anacon India and India Lab Expo to showcase latest laboratory and analytical instruments and technologies. It is an ideal place for you to connect with buyers, purchasing authorities and heads of procurements across India and promote your brand to right target audiences.

For details contact: Messe Muenchen India Pvt Ltd INIZIO 507 & 508, Cardinal Gracias Rd Chakala, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 099 Tel: 022-42554710 E-mail: avisha.desai@mm-india.in 62 • July 2019

International Exhibition of Chemical Industry and Science

Dates: 16-19 September 2019 Venue: Expocentre, Moscow, Russia Event: This event will display products like raw materials for the chemical and petrochemical industry, and inorganic chemistry, refining and petrochemicals, fuels, lubricants, organic synthesis, small volume chemicals, chemical fibers and yarns, composite materials, fiberglass, household chemicals, perfumes and cosmetics, reagents, catalysts, film photographic, magnetic media, design of chemical plants, warehouses, terminals, personal protective equipment, tools fire and explosion, chemical production management, transportation of chemicals and petrochemicals, logistics solutions, containers and packaging, chemical technology, research and more For details contact: Expocentre Krasnopresnenskaya nab 14 Moscow, Russia, 123100 International Converting Exhibition Europe

Dates: 09-11 March 2021 Venue: Exhibition Munich, Munich, Germany Event: International Converting Exhibition Europe event will showcase product like chemicals and dyes, office and commercial supplies, packaging materials, plant, machinery and equipment, plastic and plastic products, business services, paper and paper products and much more.

For details contact: Mack Brooks Group Romeland House, Romeland Hill St Albans, Herts AL3 4ET, U.K. Tel: +44 (0)1727 814400 Fax: +44 (0)1727 814401 E-mail: info@mackbrooks.co.uk ACHEMA

Dates: 14-18 June 2021 Venue: Frankfurt Fair, Frankfurt, Germany Event: This five day event showcases products like engineering products, abrasives, chemicals and compounds, chemical machineries, equipment, manufacturing technologies, chemical engineering compounds, laboratory compounds and other similar range of products and services, etc.

For details contact: DECHEMA Ausstellungs GmbH Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25 60486 Frankfurt Germany Tel: +49 (0) 69 7564100 E-mail: exhibition@dechema.de Chemical Engineering World

Project Update New Contracts/Expansions/Revamps The following list is a brief insight into the latest new projects by various companies in India.

CHEMICALS Shalimar Paints lays down the foundation of its Nashik manufacturing plant with a planned monthly production capacity of 2,180-kilolitres.

Set to commence operations by April 2019, Shalimar's state-of-the-art Nashik facility will increase the brand's overall production capacity by 65 per cent. It is also expected to stimulate the local economy by creating around 200+ employment opportunities for prospective jobseekers in the region. The newest Shalimar plant hints at the brand's aggressive push to capitalise on the growing market demand for its high-quality, high-performance paint and coating products, as well as to further consolidate its position as one of the fastest growing paints companies in the country. Shalimar has also pledged further investment into its Nashik plant and aims to establish it as a key component within its regional distribution network, as well as its pan-India supply chain. The paint industry has been growing at a rapid rate in India and measures between 1.5 to 2 times GDP growths. Rapid urbanization, better transparency and consumer evolvement has been leading the growth of the industry.

Songwon Industrial Co Ltd a specialty chemicals company of South Korea has launched its new pilot plant in Panoli (Gujarat), thereby strengthening the organisation’s overall specialty chemicals development capability. Built on Songwon’s Indian site with all the necessary main unit operations, the new plant is equipped with the most up-to-date technologies and materials for producing a wide range of chemicals for a broad spectrum of applications - from one kilo up to several hundred kilo samples. To reinforce the organisation’s position in existing areas of business and enhance its ability to enter new areas, the new pilot plant will be supported by the Songwon’s strong local R&D team in Panoli, as well as its central technology innovation center located in Maeam, Korea.

Insecticides (India) Ltd has announced a ` 200-crore expansion plan to increase its capacity in the next three years. In the first two years, it would spend about ` 100-crore, followed by an investment of ` 100-crore in 2020. The firm is planning to set up an Export Oriented Unit in Gujarat with an eye on increasing export component of the business. Exports contributed about ` 35-crore in the total turnover of ` 1,109-crore in 2017-18. The firm has a share of about 5 per cent in the ` 18,000-crore crop protection market in the country.

MINING MOIL recently said production at its Parsoda manganese mine is expected to begin soon. The mine will be operated by opencast mining method. MOIL has been granted mining lease of Parsoda manganese mine near village Parsoda, 46-km from Nagpur in the year 2016. The lease extends for 50 year period, ie, from April 22, 2016 to April 21, 2066 and the project cost is estimated to be ` 19.54-crore. The production is expected to be started soon. MOIL, Chemical Engineering World

under the Ministry of Steel, operates around 10 mines, including six in Maharashtra and four in Madhya Pradesh. Balaghat mine is its largest, which produces top quality manganese ore.

Hindustan Copper Limited held a groundbreaking ceremony at Ghatsila Unit for construction of concentrator plant at Rakha, initiating Chapri-Sidheswar mine, a new mine development and Rakha mine re-opening projects. CMD informed that considering the opportunity to further increase the resource base of copper mineral in the State has finalized plan to undertake depth exploration up to 1,000-meter from surface in its existing lease area in next two years. Hindustan Copper Limited, the only copper mining Company in India, in its Unit located at Ghatsila has planned to implement total five mine expansion projects to increase the mine capacity from current 4.0 to 72.0-lakh tonne. Successful implementation of the project will also reduce country's dependence on imported copper concentrate.

Coal India (CIL) is expected to put another 25-30 million tonnes (MT) of coal under the hammer in the ongoing quarter. This comes after e-auction volumes dipped following the decision to pump more coal into the coal-starved power sector through fuel-supply agreements (FSAs). The coal behemoth has been able to book 54-MT of coal through e-auction till December (first three quarters) as against 79-MT in the similar period of the last fiscal year, registering a 31.65 per cent dip. On the other hand, its offtake via the FSA route to power plants increased by over 12 per cent. As more coal gets routed via the FSA route, e-auction volume will be low. Production in January-March was expected to be substantial, which will leave Coal India with more to offer in auctions. It is expected that another 25-30 MT of coal will be offered this quarter on the auction platform. South Eastern Coalfields (SECL), its most important subsidiary, registered a 13.1 per cent fall in production in December at 12.52-MT while Mahanadi Coalfields, the second-largest subsidiary, registered a 3.2 per cent dip at 13.05-MT. These two subsidiaries account for more than 45 per cent of Coal India’s production. Sales were low at 52.77-MT, which is a 1.2 per cent fall compared to December 2017-18. However, in the next fiscal year, the e-auction volumes are expected to dip further. E-auctions directly add to Coal India’s bottom line because the prices are often higher by at least 60 per cent over the notified price. Thus, effectively while the miner spends the same amount of money to mine the coal which is either sold as linkage or put under the hammer, it earns 20 per cent higher in auctions. Prices in the e-auction, however, are expected to remain stagnant in the ` 2,400 a tonne level backed by muted global coal prices. According to S&P Global Platts, the price of FOB Kalimantan 4,200-kilo calorie per kilogram GAR (gross as received) - which is imported in huge volumes by both India and China - has declined almost 22 per cent since October 1, given the sagging demand in China and improving supply in Indonesia.

July 2019 • 63

CEW

CEW

Project Update NTPC Ltd hopes its captive coal production will reach 100-million tonne as soon as its five coal blocks commence operations, aided by faster regulatory clearances and the part-privatization model of Mine Development and Operator (MDO). The success of the plan would determine fuel security of the operations of India's largest power producer.

Coal India aims to raise output from its troubled Rajmahal mine in Jharkhand to 60,000 tonnes a day, having resolved land-acquisition related problems which had crimped production to 20,000 tonnes per day. Coal from the Rajmahal mine helps NTPC run close to 4,200MW of power generation plants in eastern India, which supply power to Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal, and also to northern India including Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. NTPC’s generation capacities were faced with depleting coal stocks and lower power generation as supplies from Rajmahal dwindled. Reserves at Rajmahal within the land acquired by Coal India were almost exhausted and required expansion to keep production levels intact. However, land acquisition at two villages - Bansbiha and Taljhari - spanning 160-hectares, adjacent to the existing project turned out to be a lengthy process.

It led to drastic fall in supplies and stocks at the coalfield, as well as at two critical power plants in the region - at Farakka and Kahalgaon.

At present, Coal India is using 15 goods trains to transport coal from the Rajmahal mine to power stations in the region. One goods train can load up to 3,500 tonnes of coal. Coal India is also sending five loaded goods trains from West Bengal’s Ranigunj coalfields to augment supplies at power stations. At present, the entire production from Rajmahal is getting delivered to power plants and there has been no stock buildup yet.

CIL, ONGC to produce coal-bed methane from 10 new mines: The Coal Ministry has identified 11 mines to produce coal bed methane (CBM). Of these, 10 will be worked on jointly by ONGC and Coal India Ltd (CIL). The two entities will also work on one mine with SAIL. Initially, ONGC will harness the gas and then CIL will extract coal from them. In addition to the mines with CIL, the two (ONGC and CIL) will also help develop Steel Authority of India Ltd’s Parbatpur coal block (Jharkhand). Here too, ONGC will first harness the CBM. SAIL had surrendered the Sitanala and Parbatpur coal mines. In its representations while surrendering the Parbatpur mine, SAIL had said there was a reduction in the area available for coal mining due to overlapping of mining area. SAIL had engaged MECON to prepare a techno commercial viability report, which declared the project unviable. The SAIL board had then decided to return the Parbatpur mine to the Coal Ministry.

JSW Energy, part of the Sajjan Jindal-led JSW Group, is believed to be in the race for buying out the thermal power assets of Monnet Power and Jindal India Thermal Power Ltd (JITPL) in Odisha.

Monnet Power’s 1,050-MW coal-based power plant near Angul was in advanced stage of commissioning. Monnet Power’s parent company, Monnet Ispat & Energy had won the Mandakini coal block in Odisha in competitive bidding, it surrendered the block later on grounds of economic unviability. Monnet Power had accumulated 64 • July 2019

debt in excess of ` 5,000-crore. Though lenders had earlier denied a haircut in JSW Energy’s prospective deal to acquire majority equity in Monnet Power, the Sajjan Jindal-owned firm is still believed to be in the hunt for the asset. Besides Monnet Power, JSW Energy is also eyeing takeover of BC Jindal controlled JITPL’s 1,200-MW coal-based plant at Derang near Angul. The first unit (600-MW) of the 1,200-MW plant had begun commercial operations and started power supplies to the Odisha grid. This project has been completed at a cost of ` 7,537-crore which includes a debt component of ` 5,900-crore. JITPL has power purchase agreements (PPAs) with Odisha’s Gridco Ltd, Kerala State Electricity Board and Tata Power Trading Corporation.

Apart from JSW Energy, JITPL also had competing offers from Adani Power and Singapore’s SembCorp. The valuation of the prospective deal is not known.

NLC India (formerly Neyveli Lignite Corporation) which is in the hunt for buying out power assets, is understood to have shown interest in the 700-MW Odisha plant of Hyderabad-based Ind-Barath Power Infra Ltd (IBPIL). The power plant located at Sahajbahal, near Jharsuguda, has commenced commercial operations. Though the exact size of the potential deal is not known, the valuation could be anywhere in the range of ` 5,000-5,500-crore. In August last year, NLC India had floated an Expression of Interest (EoI) from companies owning coal and lignite-based power projects, for a possible acquisition.

NLC India’s installed thermal power capacity is 3,240-MW. It runs a 10-MW solar power unit and wind power assets with a capacity totalling 37.5-MW. Western Coalfields has received the environment clearance for its ` 263-crore expansion project in Nagpur district, Maharashtra.

The proposal is to enhance the production capacity of the Gokul open-cast mine to 1.875-million tonnes per annum (MTPA) from the existing 1-MTPA. The mine, located in 767.17-hectare, has a mineable reserve of 14.50-million tonnes. The clearance to the project is subject to certain conditions. Total cost is estimated to be ` 263-crore. Among the conditions specified, the company has been asked to get 'Consent to Operate' certificate from the State Pollution Control Board for the existing production capacity of 1-MTPA and also the 'Consent to Establish' for the proposed capacity of 1.875-MTPA prior to enhancing the production capacity.

With regard to transportation of coal, the company has been asked to carry out by covered trucks and take mitigative measures to control dust and other fugitive emissions all along the roads by providing sufficient numbers of water sprinklers. The company has been informed to adopt controlled blasting techniques to control ground vibration and flying rocks. It has also been told to implement a progressive afforestation plan covering an area of 376.04-hectare at the end of mining. Of the total quarry area of 231.73-hectare (on floor) and 291.21-hectare (on surface), the backfilled quarry area of 115.39-hectare should be reclaimed with plantation and there will be no void left at the end of the mining operations. The land after mining should be restored for agriculture purpose.

Chemical Engineering World

Book Shelf CEW Membrane Filtration Author: Greg Foley Price: $40.21 No of pages: 348 pages (Hardcover) Publisher: Cambridge University Press (1st Edition) About the book: Focusing on the application of membranes in an engineering context, this hands-on computational guide makes previously challenging problems routine. It formulates problems as systems of equations solved with MATLAB, encouraging active learning through worked examples and endof-chapter problems. The detailed treatments of dead-end filtration include novel approaches to constant rate filtration and filtration with a centrifugal pump. The discussion of crossflow microfiltration includes the use of kinetic and force balance models.

Comprehensive coverage of ultrafiltration and diafiltration processes employs both limiting flux and osmotic pressure models. The effect of fluid viscosity on the mass transfer coefficient is explored in detail, the effects of incomplete rejection on the design and analysis of ultrafiltration and diafiltration are analysed, and quantitative treatments of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration process analysis and design are explored. Includes a chapter dedicated to the modelling of membrane fouling

Science and Technology of Separation Membranes (2 Vol Set) Editor: Tadashi Uragami Price: $114.53 No of pages: 848 pages (Hardcover) Publisher: Wiley (1st Edition) About the book: This two volume set covers all major current applications of membrane technology and includes academic analyses, applications, and practical problems for each existing membrane technology. It provides a detailed reference for researchers and advanced students in membrane technology within chemical engineering, process engineering, and materials science. It is also suitable for industry professionals and researchers working in separations technology applications, eg, wastewater/water treatment, desalination, food and beverage industry, medical and pharmaceutical, fuel cells, biofuels.

Beginning with an introduction to the history of the field, it covers the properties, structure, characterization, and preparation of membranes, as well as describing traditional and novel applications. Written by a renowned author in the field of membrane science and technology, this comprehensive book provides a detailed and valuable overview of membrane science.

The illustration on this book cover shows an imagination of ethanolpermselectivity in evapomeation (Chapter 16) and temperature-difference controlled evapomeation (Chapter 17) developed newly for the concentration of organic solvents from aqueous dilute organic solvents through polymer membranes.

Chemical Engineering World

Filters and Filtration Handbook Authors: Trevor Sparks and George Chase Price: $260.00 No of pages: 444 pages (Hardcover) Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann (6 th Edition) About the book: Filters are used in most industries, especially the water, sewage, oil, gas, food and beverage and pharmaceutical industries. The new edition of Filters and Filtration Handbook is an all-encompassing practical account of standard filtration equipment and its applications. Completely revised and rewritten, it is an essential book for the engineer working in a plant situation, who requires guidance and information on whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s available and whether itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s suitable for the job. Co-published with the Institution of Chemical Engineers.

The book builds on the success of its predecessor, collecting in one place all of the information you will need to select the appropriate filters and filtration methods. Filtration for the separation of solid and fluids is a critical process in the production of chemicals, food, beverage, oil and gas, power and minerals. Removal of contaminants for the delivery of clean air, water, fuels and lubricants plays a vital role in the protection of people, processes, equipment and the environment. This book serves to provide a comprehensive source of information on filters and filtration processes. Topics covered in detail include filter media, filtration equipment, other separation equipment and processes, solid/liquid separation applications, gas cleaning processes, filter selection and troubleshooting.

The book remains an essential reference for those engineers and managers working in production processes, research and development or plant design and engineering, who need guidance on the filtration equipment available and its suitability for a given situation.

July 2019 â&#x20AC;˘ 65

CEW Ad Index Sr.

No.

Client’s Name

1

Aeron Composite

2

Atomic Vacuum Company (Exports)

3

Cole-Parmer India

4

D Parikh Engineering Works

5

Flowmatic Engineering

6

Hi-tech Applicator

7

Horizon Polymer Engineering Pvt Ltd

8

Page No

Sr.

No.

Client’s Name

Page No

23

11

MIFA Systems

29

Inside Cover I

12

Mist Ressonance Engg Pvt Ltd

19

27

13

Prochem Trunkey Projects Pvt Ltd

17

9

14

ReistoTech Industries Pvt Ltd

35

Back Cover

15 SEW

5

3

16

Suraj Ltd

29

6&7

17

TMVT Industries Pvt Ltd

35

Ingersoll Rand

31

18

Vacuum Drying Technology India LLP

27

9

Ion Exchange (india) Ltd

11

19

Vega India Level & Pressure Measurement Pvt Ltd 13,14,15,16

10

Jasubhai Engineering

25

ADVERTISE TO EXPAND

your reach through

INSIGHT INTO THE PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOTECH INDUSTRIES

For Details Contact

Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd.

Taj Building, 3rd Floor, 210 Dr D N Road Fort, Mumbai - 400 001 Tel: 022-4037 3636, Fax: 022-4037 3635 Email: industrialmags@jasubhai.com 66 • July 2019

Chemical Engineering World

Process Industry's Gateway to Indian Market International Exhibition and Conferences

ChemTECH

4-6 December 2019 Venue: HITEX Exhibition Center, Trade Fair Office Building Izzat Nagar, Kondapur PO, Hyderabad, India

SOUTH WORLD EXPO 2019

Concurrent Events

L AB ANALYTIX WaterEX

Industry

&

SOUTH WORLD EXPO 2019

Exhibitors Profile •

Chemical Processing

•

Pharma & Biopharma processing

•

Laboratory Technology

•

Measuring & Testing

•

Quality Control

• •

South World Expo 2019

SOUTH WORLD EXPO 2019

Visitors Profile

End User Industry Connect

Chairmen, MDs , CXOs, Directors, Presidents & Vice Presidents

•

Heads of : Technology, Operations, Manufacturing, Procurement, Purchase & R&D

•

Decision makers & representatives from State Governments, Industrial Development Corporations & Regulatory bodies

Analytical Instruments

•

Scientists, Lab Managers & Technicians

Lab Equipment

•

Quality Control /Assurance Managers

•

R&D Officers and Executives

•

Professors & Lecturers, Chemists & Bio Chemists, Microbiologists & Pathologists

•

Lab Directors, Purchase Managers, Analysts, Research Scholars, Scientific Officers

•

Representatives from Municipal Corporation, Water Bodies and Regulators

•

Environmental and Pollution Control Boards

•

Ministry of Rural Development and Drinking Water Mission

Pumps Valves & Fittings

•

Automation

•

Water & Wastewater treatment

•

EPCs

•

Engineering Consultants

•

Environmental services

•

Emission Control

•

Safety

Facts & Figures South 2017

& Control South 2019

SOUTH WORLD EXPO 2019

•

•

AUTOMATION

Pumps, Valves & Fittings

182

EXHIBITORS

5971 VISITORS

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

25

Pharma & Biopharma Bulk Drugs APIs Biotechnology Chemical Processing Chemicals & Petrochemicals Agrochemicals Fine & Specialty Chemicals Oil, Fats & Oleo Chemicals Food & Beverages Advanced Materials Material Testing & Inspection Contract Research & Manufacturing Research Laboratories Clinical Research Labs Government Agencies Municipalities & ETPs Pollution Control Boards Water & Waste Management

SPEAKERS

Organised by

128

DELEGATES

Supported by

Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd Taj Building, 3rd Floor, 210, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400 001, INDIA. Tel: +91-22-4037 3636, Fax: +91-22-4037 3635, Email: sales@jasubhai.com Web: www.chemtech-online.com • Ahmedabad / Vadodara - 09712148258 • Bangalore - 09444728035 • Chennai - 09176963737 • Delhi - 09818148551 • Pune - 09822209183

R.N.I. No. 11403/1966 Date of Publication: 29thth of every month. Postal Registration No: MCS/095/2018-20 R.N.I. No. 11403/1966 DateSorting of Publication: 29 of every month.

Postal Registration No: MCS/095/2018-20 th Office, Mumbai No.:78 Posted at Patrika Channel Office, 400001, on 30 of every month. Total Pages No.:74 Posted at Patrika Channel Sorting Office, Mumbai 400001, on 30th of every month. Total Pages No.: 68

Manufacturer of:

Lined piping systems, Columns, Vessel and Tanks for corrosive media applications

Lining Material: PTFE/PFA/FEP/PVDF/PP/HDPE

Why Resistotech: • Processing capacity of 50+ tonnes per month • Large diameters upto 2000 NB (80”) by paste extrusion • Liners thickness from 2 mm to 14 mm as per application • Seamless lining in Tanks, column and vessel – no weld joints • Liner lengths 6400 mm upto 400 NB and above all 3200 • All sizes 90 Deg Elbows in single piece • Minimizing joints by longer lengths -saves product and installation cost • Full vacuum upto 200 Deg C in any size • Testing as per ASTM F 1545 – 03 for 100% products • FDA certificate and compliance

Techno-commercial solutions provider with pre-engineering and case study of corrosion issues RESISTOTECH INDUSTRIES PRIVATE LIMITED

C-11, MIDC, SINNAR, DIST.: NASHIK, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA, PIN - 421 301.

M: 0091 9820429054 | T: 0091 2551 230540 | E: sales@resistotech.com | W: www.resistotech.com