Youth Black History Reality Show scholarships awarded SEE PAGE 3
EE FR
BEN CHAVIS: The Black Press still the voice of Black America SEE PAGE 4
AUTHOR SHARES STORIES ABOUT MLK’S FRIENDS SEE PAGE 8
East Central Florida’s Black Voice JULY 3 - JULY 9, 2014
YEAR 39 NO. 27
www.daytonatimes.com
Possible Black majority at Daytona City Hall Election of Miller and Moore would create another historic commission for Daytona Beach BY ASHLEY D. THOMAS DAYTONA TIMES aysheldarcel@gmail.com
A previous commissioner and a longtime political insider are vying for two open seats on the Daytona Beach City Commission. Steve Miller, who served on the commission from 1993-1995 in Zone 5, is seeking to unseat Kel-
ly White, current commissioner for Zone 3. Andrew Moore, who has been involved in government from one aspect or another his entire life, is eyeing the Zone 1 commission seat currently held by Carl Lentz, IV. Both of Moore’s parents have served as city commissioners. If elected, Miller and Moore, who are Black, will join the two other Black commissioners – Paula Reed and Patrick Henry – as well as Mayor Derrick Henry, which would create a minority majority on the commission with five Blacks. Robert Gilliland and Pam Woods would be left as the only White commissioners.
Majority in 2003 The racial makeup of Daytona Beach’s 62,316 people is 57.8 percent White and 35.4 percent Black. “We’ve had that situation before and I don’t know whether that is a good or bad thing,” Miller said, referring to the only time in history to date that Daytona Beach had a majority-Black commission. State Rep. Dwayne Taylor Gwen Azama-Edwards, the late Charles W. Cherry, Sr. and the late Yvonne Scarlett-Golden, who became the city’s first Black mayor, served on the commission from 2003-2005. “I perceive my job to serve the
city at large, however I can’t deny the color of my skin. There are some concerns that are innate to me,” Moore told the Daytona Times. “How do I feel about it? As long as we do the job that needs to be done and serve the community than everything will be fine.’’
Youth and the future Miller is running on a platform focused on the youth of Daytona Beach. “We have issues. I am advocating that we create a parks and recreation board. We pay so much to law enforcement to lock these kids up, but nothing on the
front end to prevent it,” Miller remarked. Miller also wants more accountability within the city budgeting process. “We spend 64 percent of our budget in public safety and around 5 percent on our children in leisure services and that shows you our focus is on locking them up. We can’t afford a whole lot of things, but we must take care of our children. The Bible tells you charity begins at home, if you don’t take care of your family you’re worse than an infidel. “We have too many of our young males going to jail, going Please see ELECTION, Page 2
No repeat of 2009 on Orange Avenue Above: Community members and city officials gathered outside the Dickerson Center with hard hats and shovels for the ceremony.
Major investment
BY ASHLEY D. THOMAS DAYTONA TIMES aysheldarcel@gmail.com
“It’s a great day in Daytona Beach and a great day in Zone 6,” Paula Reed, Daytona Beach City Commissioner said last week at the groundbreaking ceremony for the Orange Avenue Reconstruction Project held at James Huger Park on Orange Avenue. The project is more than 20 years in the making and has probably been the single top priority of the commission over the last 10 years and most certainly since 2009, according to Daytona Beach Mayor Derrick Henry. In 2009 the area suffered devastating flooding due to massive rainfall and inadequate sewer systems. Flooding caused hundreds of thousands of dollars in damage citywide and made national headlines.
DUANE C. FERNANDEZ SR./ HARDNOTTS UNIVERSITY
Right: Water rose to three feet in some Daytona Beach neighborhoods in 2009. FILE PHOTO/ DAYTONA TIMES
“Five years ago, the Orange Avenue area had significant flooding and significant rain that were described as hundred-year rains. They damaged the community greatly. At that point in time I think that the political will of the commission became such that it was the number one priority,” Henry continued. “Historically this part of the community has felt, rightfully so at times, underserved,” Henry told the crowd. “This is a major, major investment. In my mind it is the right thing to do and the right time to do it, but it also speaks to the progress we have made as a city as it relates to our priorities. Our priorities are to do our best for all citizens of Daytona Beach in all areas and I think this
Beaten, branded and abused: Black girls disproportionately victims of trafficking Editor’s note: This is part one of a three-part series on sexual slavery and Black America. It follows a special edition last year that explored the subject. Sex trafficking plagues young Black girls and a growing legion of advocates is working to help rescue children who’ve been pimped out and to prevent others from being snatched off buses and streets. They are trying to raise awareness about this tragedy disproportionately affecting Black girls. This report gives an overview of the problem and accounts from advocates and law enforcement.
ALSO INSIDE
BY CHARLENE MUHAMMAD SPECIAL TO THE NNPA
Pimping, or sex trafficking, is a multi-billion dollar industry: Some say $64 billion worldwide and approximately $10 billion inside America. But at this moment, somewhere in your community, perhaps near your home, a predator is likely working to make $150,000 to $300,000 a year by selling the bodies of Black teenage girls. The average pimp has four to six girls, according to statistics from the U.S. Justice Department and Nation-
al Center for Missing and Exploited Children. While many 13- to 14-year-old girls are being groomed for academic decathlons, recruited for middle and high school sports or drama clubs, others that age are being groomed for sex work. Girls are raped, beaten, branded, indoctrinated and sold day in and day out in a lucrative sex trade.
The victims Lt.
Andre
Dawson,
officer-in-
Please see VICTIMS, Page 2
HEALTH: STROKES RISING AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS | PAGE 5 TECHNOLOGY: HOW THE GOVERNMENT CAN GET YOUR DIGITAL DATA | PAGE 7
Please see ORANGE, Page 2
Lisa’s pimp branded her with a tattoo on the inside of her lip. PHOTO PROVIDED BY SHAREE SANDERS GORDON/ LOS ANGELES DEPUTY CITY ATTORNEY AND NEIGHBORHOOD SCHOOL SAFETY ATTORNEY
7 FOCUS
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JULY 3 – JULY 9, 2014
ORANGE
Debary Mayor Bob Garcia and Daytona Beach resident Andrew Moore flank Daytona Mayor Derrick Henry as he sits inside heavy duty equipment that will be used in the Orange Avenue reconstruction.
from Page 1
speaks to that end.”
Better lighting, lights Orange Avenue is part of the Zone 6 district of Daytona Beach and a majority Black neighborhood. The street leads through the community and straight to the steps of City Hall. “When the entire project is completed, not only will it look much better but it will be safer for motorists and pedestrians,” Henry continued. “Sidewalks will be widened from four feet to six feet, the lightning will be much improved, new traffic lights will be installed, and most importantly and most challenging is the fact that we will have new underground utilities like wa-
ASHLEY THOMAS/ DAYTONA TIMES
Democratic Club meets July 8 The Democratic Club of Northeast Volusia County will meet at 7 p.m. July 8 at the Piccadilly Cafeteria in the Volusia Mall, Daytona Beach. Candidates for the Volusia County School Board will address the club members and their guests. At 6 p.m., before the meeting, members and guests will enjoy a light supper at their own expense. All Democrats including visitors are welcome to attend. Further information is available by calling 386-265-5084.
Children and Families Advisory Board to meet July 8 The Children and Families Advisory Board will meet at 1:30 p.m. Tuesday, July 8, in the first-floor training room of the Thomas C. Kelly Administration Center, 123 W. Indiana Ave., DeLand. Members will review and score con-
tingency applications for 2014/2015 funding. The Children and Families Advisory Board assesses and evaluates strategies to meet needs, monitors program compliance, advertises funding availability, recommends appropriations for programs serving children and families, and provides recommendations to the Volusia County Council on children and family issues. For more information, call Peggy Johnson at 386-736-5955, ext. 15694, or visit www.volusia.org/cfab.
Chorus seeking singers Sweet Adelines are seeking singers. The Song of the Coast Chorus rehearses every Monday at 6:30 p.m. at Tomoka United Methodist Church, 1000 Old Tomoka Road, Ormond Beach. For more information, call 386-2520300.
VICTIMS
John School
from Page 1
charge of the Los Angeles Police Department’s Human Trafficking Division, said society needs a major shift: Children involved aren’t criminals, they’re victims. The buyers aren’t Johns, or sex purchasers, they’re rapists, he said. Survivors and advocates want the horror clearly identified as sex trafficking and not prostitution, especially when it comes to minors. “Child prostitution and Johns are two words that should not exist when addressing child sex trafficking because a child cannot commit to commercial sex according to state and federal law,” said Dawson. Law enforcement advocates like Mary Howard, an officer and president of the Nu Alpha Delta Multicultural Sorority, a non-profit organization, agreed. The sorority, comprised of women from various professional, organizational and faith backgrounds, has joined a growing movement of those outraged and ready to fight sex trafficking. The sorority hosted a daylong “2014 Human Trafficking Intervention Forum” at Good Shepherd Missionary Baptist Church of Los Angeles. A second forum was held at Citizen Missionary Baptist Church in Compton. The problem is real, Howard said. “We in the community need to embrace this (fight) and not wait until one of our youth or loved ones is a statistic,” she said.
Johns and Pimps 101 Sharee Sanders Gordon, deputy city attorney and Neighborhood School safety attorney in Los Angeles, said talking with parents and teachers is the best way to deal with how girls are stalked by would-be pimps. When she first started as neighborhood prosecutor for the 77th Division in South Los Angeles, prostitution along the Figueroa Street corridor was one of the first issues the community brought to her. She had never thought
NNPA
Asia Graves, 26-year-old sex trafficking survivor advocate, tells her story at the Nu-Alpha Delta Multicultural Sorority’s recent 2014 Human Trafficking Intervention Forum at Good Shepherd Missionary Baptist Church of Los Angeles. about how devastating the problem could be for a child and a community. “I never thought about how students going to school would have to divert themselves so they could go to a safer route, or being propositioned by young ladies on the street who were just confused, or seeing used condoms as they went to school,” Gordon said. As she grew more entrenched in the community and her work, and seeing nothing really being resolved in the courts, she helped to develop a Prostitution Diversion Program targeting repeat offenders. The program aids victims and strives to help improve their lives, she said. Part of the problem is a lack of resources to deal with pimps, as well as jail overcrowding, the prosecutor explained. Penalties for pimping amount to 30 days but sometimes pimps get out the same day they’re arrested, she said. Her program works with service providers that help women who are victims of trafficking and street prostitution exit the life. Her program provides food, clothing, shelter, medical care, individual and group counseling, and job training.
The Prostitution Diversion Program also works to increase education and awareness through John Schools, rehabilitation programs for men from all walks of life who purchase sex. Since 2008 over 1,000 people have gone through the program and only four have reoffended, she noted. Critics sometimes bash the work with Johns because they’re part of the problem, but the point is to stop the same individuals from helping to destroy the community, Gordon explained. Basically, educators spend a day scaring John School attendees, she said. They give facts about sexually transmitted diseases and the impact of arrests, but perhaps the most compelling thing that helps Johns stop is personal testimony from sex trafficked girls.
Grabbed off the street One middle school on Western Avenue is having a serious problem with prostitution activity, said Gordon. “Young ladies are being grabbed off bus stops and forced into prostitution … and it’s happening in our own back yard. This is not something that’s happening somewhere else. It’s happening right in our own back yard,” she stressed. “Now you ask why did they come down here? Because Los Angeles is now being known for the place to come when you want to get an underage prostitute from the bus stop. Grab her. And they look for young ladies who no one’s watching,” she said. “They look for girls who are at bus stops late at night or who are alone and they’re taking them by gunpoint,” she said. Five people in Moreno Valley, Calif., were arrested on suspicions of abducting a teenager from Compton allegedly for prostitution, she noted. The 18-year-old victim was able to escape, but not before allegedly being raped by two of the suspects. The four men and a female suspect were from the San Francisco Bay Area, according to Gordon.
ter and sewer and storm water which will all be expanded and ultimately offer better drainage.”
Business impact The mayor noted that one of the great challenges of a project of this magnitude is minimizing the impact it will have on the businesses. He said, “I was visiting the Boys and Girls Club about three months ago and I was talking to kids between ages 8 and 14 about Orange Avenue. A child came up who was maybe nine or 10 and she asked, ‘What is going to happen to those businesses?’ I thought it was perhaps the most insightful question I’d had, particularly considering her age. We are going to do everything to support the businesses and to ensure they have the least amount of invasion possible.” Funding for the project
ELECTION from Page 1
to prison, we need more advocates and I appoint myself to that. We need someone who is going to be more passionate.”
More about Moore Moore’s platform is multifaceted. He is advocating for safer communities, a diverse job market, resurgence of city pride and respect, and to establish community partnership teams. “As a youth growing up in our city, I saw adults working to support their families and raise their children in a safe community. Times have changed. Crime has increased, the Root causes and symptoms Tony Muhammad, Nation of Islam Western Region Student Minister, encouraged advocates and police to go to the root of the pimping problem. The problem is spiritual and mental, he said during his address at the Nu Alpha Delta Multicultural Sorority sponsored forum. “Don’t just deal with the effects of what’s going on in the poor communities because you’re looking at the fruit that’s coming from a rotten tree,” he said. “Where did trafficking start? Pimping didn’t start with the gangs that’s doing it. Pimping started with the slave ship. You can’t just deal with branches,” Muhammad said. He was not defending pimps wreaking havoc on the Black community, but reminding listeners that a man engaged in such is not in his natural state. “How did God want this thing to be? How did the man get out of control? In the Nation of Islam, we believe that no man can rise any higher than his woman, who is the second self of God … We have to line this thing up,” Muhammad said. “Something’s missing and in my honest opinion, I haven’t seen a group that is as good at reforming Black men in particular like the Nation of Islam,” he said. “Malcolm was a pimp, but you love him now. But he was a pimp! Who changed him and what changed him … all Elijah Muhammad did was line Malcolm’s mind back up with God’s mind.” The task is to teach Black men acting as pimps and self-haters how they got in their condition and how they lost their names, language, religion and culture, he said. “Get those things back and you will begin to tune yourself up.”
Tattoos or branding? Many frown at the sight of big, bright or deep, dark tattoos on youth, especially on young females. While some of the tattoos are by choice, others are by force. According to Gordon, a pimp in San Diego County brands, or tattoos, his girls inside their mouths, as if
Steve Miller
Andrew Moore
jobless rate has sky-rocketed and respect of others and their property is at an all-time low,’’ he stated. “The good news is that our economy is recovering, but we have much more to do. I do not have all the solutions for correcting these social and economic problems, but I do know my community and the people and values that made it a wonderful place to grow up and raise my children. they were property. Such pimps call themselves “entrepreneurs” poised to make $300,000 per girl, per year tax free, she said. Pimps love to memorialize their conquests, observed Lt. Dawson. But in tattoo branding their victims, they’re now providing material that can be used as court evidence, he added. The message from the pimp who branded them is no matter what you say about me, my name is on your face, Dawson said. Dollar signs are very popular too, he added. Dawson gave a slide presentation that shocked attendees into silence and prompted verbal outbursts. One photo depicted girls with the acronym C.R.EA.M. (Cash Rules Everything Around Me) tattooed across their cheeks, breasts, thighs and rear of their legs, extending from their buttocks. The branding is all part of the pimps’ indoctrination process, he continued. The presentation contained images typically unseen in documentaries on sex trafficking because it’s a tough story to tell. “In this stage of the game, I’m trying to show the reality of it and the crisis that these people are in. It’s sad. It’s sad how people are treating each other and what’s more disgusting is what grown men are doing to these children,” Dawson told The Final Call.
Used again and again Another slide showed a seated pimp, posing for the camera. Behind him was a young, nude girl face down on a counter in a planking position. Her hands were shackled behind her back. Her head was covered with a white plastic garbage bag. According Dawson, some pimps have a structured entity with a seal and nationwide licensing. A pimp who was recently convicted had his “pimping license” revoked and lost all rights to refer to himself as a pimp by the organization. The banned pimp was told he’d be fined $500,000 per violation if he went against the ban, according to the police lieutenant. It sounds ridiculous, but it’s true, he said.
came from multiple sources. Of the $17.6 million price tag, more than $6 million are coming from grants from the Volusia County Council and the Florida Department of Transportation. The remaining funds come from the City of Daytona Beach and a low interest rate loan from the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The construction project will be completed by Thadcon LLC, which has been in Daytona Beach for 57 years. Thadcon is the same company that handled the Beach Street Streetscapes and the multi-million dollar makeover for Atlantic Avenue. The mayor also thanked City Manager Jim Chisolm at the groundbreaking for having the project come in under bid. It was originally estimated to come in at over $19 million.
“I want to be the voice of the people, I feel the need to be here. From the different boards I’ve sat on, it has increased my desire,’’ he added. Moore has worked on multiple campaigns in the area, including judges, commissioners, mayors and for both of his parents – dad Andrew J. Moore Sr. and mom Freddie Moore, who both served as Daytona Beach city commissioners. Both Moore and Miller have passed the qualifying stage. A primary election will be held for Moore as there are three candidates, including Ruth Trager vying for the seat on Aug. 26. Miller will run against White in the general election on Nov. 4. “You do the math. They’re making money. The girls are reusable every day. They’re just a product to these guys and it’s easier to sell a young lady than it is with drugs, because with drugs, once it’s gone, you have to go out and buy new drugs. But when you have a young lady out there, you can use her over and over and over again,” said Gordon.
More horror stories Many listeners sat fuming in their seats with angry faces, shaking their heads or wiping away tears. The audience was clearly moved as Gordon continued to share the horrors experienced by young victims. The case that broke her heart involved a then 17-year-old from Orange County, Calif., who decided she would become a prostitute on her own, make some extra money and then leave the streets. Two pimps eyed her and gave her an ultimatum. “‘You’re working for one of us, so you just pick which one you want to work for,’ ” the pimps told her, according to the prosecutor. The teen, frantic to get away, started walking down the middle of the street in morning rush hour traffic, she recalled. The girl eventually was rescued by police. The district attorney rejected the case, fearing she wouldn’t testify and all Gordon could do was file a misdemeanor charge. After a grueling court trial endured by the girl, her mother, father and younger brother, the pimp was convicted. “It was just devastating for her but she wanted to make sure that that individual never did that to anyone else,” Gordon said. “We as a community need to take charge of the situation because the court systems are not able to do it on their own. We’re only going to be able to have any kind of lasting effect if we work on this together.’’
This story is special to the NNPA from the Final Call.
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JULY 3 – JULY 9, 2014 COMMUNITY DECEMBER 14 - 20, 2006
M A YNEWS OR
Students benefit from reality shows The Youth Black History Reality Show Committee has made its mark as an avenue of giving away scholarships. It was an avenue of influence by graduating students qualified by essays, participation in Youth Black History Reality Shows, and volunteering in the community. The graduating students must have GPAs of no less than 2.5 and acceptance at a college. That was the screening protocol of the committee at the African American Cultural Society (AACS) for awarding scholarships this past Saturday. They connected the reality shows in February, involving role-playing by students along the frontiers of knowledge on the contributions of African-Americans. The path led to a $1,000 scholarship from John Jones, former meteorologist for the national weather service in Bowie, Md. He attributed the scholarship to his dad, Jack Jones, a postal worker/Tuskegee Airman, whose priority involved education. Jones’ $1,000 scholarship was awarded to Crystal Buchanan, an OB/GYN major enrolled at Hofstra University in Hempstead, NY. Buchanan graduated from Daytona State College with an associate degree, just prior to receiving a high school diploma. She has a 4.68 grade point average. “Support has been good,” said Jeanette Wheeler. “We have gotten support from John Jones, who committed himself on the spot upon becoming an AACS member.”
How to be safe at the beach this week Volusia County lifeguards are expecting very large crowds over the Fourth of July weekend, and they encourage beachgoers to plan safe, fun celebrations. “The Fourth of July is a great time for family fun at the beach,” said Mark Swanson, the county’s director of Beach Safety Ocean Rescue. “By following a few common-sense tips, beachgoers can ensure a safe visit. Above all, everyone should keep a close eye on children and the ocean, always swim in front of an open lifeguard tower, and watch children carefully when they’re in the water.” Because of Tropical Storm Arthur, beachgoers can expect rough surf and strong rip currents through the weekend. Beachgoers should check with lifeguards about surf conditions before entering the water. If there is lightning in the vicinity, they should seek safety in their vehicles or exit the beach until it’s safe.
Beach rules Deputy Chief Scott Petersohn advised beachgoers to arrive early and take the first available spot. He also encouraged beachgoers to park at beach ramps that are not close to bridges. Beach cruising is discouraged. “International Speedway Boulevard, Dunlawton Boulevard, Flagler Avenue and 27th Avenue will be very congested,” he said. “People with small children may want to opt for one of our traffic-free zones.” Drivers also are reminded it’s mandatory to drive with headlights on and windows down. Lying and setting up beach umbrellas in the parking and driving areas are prohibited. The 10 mph speed limit will be strictly enforced. Fireworks, alcohol, pets and glass containers are not permitted on the beach. Trash should be placed in the barrels on the beach. As the beach fills up and the tide comes in, lifeguards may need to close some beach access ramps and traffic lanes. All cars must be off the beach by 7 p.m. For more beach safety tips, visit volusia.org/beach. For the latest updates on beach conditions, download the beach app at volusia.org/ beach.
PALM COAST COMMUNITY NEWS JEROLINE D. MCCARTHY
Scholarship recipients The Youth Black History Reality Committee was a call out of Wheeler, chairman; Harriett Whiting, Patricia Bottoms, Patricia McNutt, Erma Brooks, Hope Swire and Monica Bailey. The committee was the causeway for a $500 scholarship to be awarded to political science major Travis Thompson’s admission at North Carolina Wesleyan College. Kemba Griffith received a $750 scholarship to the University of Florida to major in neonatal nursing in the health-science curriculum. Kemba graduated from Daytona State College with an associate degree, just prior to receiving her high school diploma. She has a 4.6 grade point average. Victoria Starks plans to attend the College of Central Florida and use a $750 scholarship toward majoring in nursing. A seed planted by Wheeler, more than 11 years ago, was a channel for youth to become active and increase knowledge of African-American history, and implement a scholarship program in 2010 for supporting the post-secondary, educational goals of participating youth.
City hosting CSI Camp Other lookout points are the
JEROLINE D. MCCARTHY/DAYTONA TIMES
Featured at the scholarship awards were Patricia McNutt, John Jones, Crystal Buchanan, Kemba Griffith, Jeanette Wheeler, Victoria Starks, Patricia Bottoms, Harriett Whiting and Hope Swire. summer recreational camps for children and teens, sponsored by the City of Palm Coast. Communications & Marketing Manager Cindi Lane provided a list of camps awhile ago (golf camps, tennis camps, etc.) but the one that was most impressive was the CSI Camp. The particulars of the camp read: Join the crime scene investigation (CSI) team and go in-depth to learn the techniques used to identify and process the clues of a crime. Young participants will learn vehicle processing, fingerprinting, and get a glimpse in-
to forensics casting. The weeklong camp includes a tour of the county jail. The camp is open to students in grades 3-6, having completed the grade, and the camp running Monday through Friday, July 7 to 11, 8:30 - 11:30 a.m., at the Frieda Zamba Swimming Pool, 339 Parkview Drive, Palm Coast. The cost is $60 for the week. Pre-registration is required. Moreover, a Stay-N-Play Camp is available, which runs 11:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., at a cost of $50 for the week. For further details, call 386986-2323, or visit www.palm-
coastgov.com/camps. ••• As always, remember our prayers for the sick, afflicted and bereaved.
Celebrations Best wishes to: Vinnie Carr, July 4; Alexandria Johnson, July 5; Donald Bryant, July 7; William Jones, July 8; and Yolaine Goodridge, July 9. Happy anniversary to Milton and Darthula McQueen, July 6; and Douglas and Pat Brown, July 8.
Port Orange’s July Fourth events begins with car show Starting at 5:30 p.m., there will be free live music, entertainment and fireworks at Port Orange City Center, 1000 City Center Circle. Getting the celebration started is a Classic Car Show around the City Center Lake. Other highlights include the rock-abilly sounds of special guest The Midnight Ramblers and the magic of Lukas. A Kids Zone will offer fun activities and games to make the day enjoyable. Shaina Harper will sing the “The Star-Spangled Banner” around 9 p.m. If the weather permits, a fireworks display will follow the last note of the anthem. For safety reasons, please do not bring fireworks to City Center. Parking will be available at the Allen Green Center, Port Orange Library, Lakeside Community Center (Handicapped Only), Silver Sands Middle School, Palmer College, and the YMCA. This year’s celebration is sponsored in part by Bright House Networks, Ritchey Cadillac Buick GMC, Caton-Hosey Insurance, Coca Cola, and 91.5 Love FM. For more information on the event, call 386-506-5851.
Votran changes for race day, holiday Votran will operate a limited service schedule Friday, July 4. West Volusia routes 22, 24 and 60 will not operate. Connecting SunRail Routes 30, 31, 32 and 33 will not operate, as SunRail will not operate on July 4. Route 20 will operate every two hours beginning with the 7:26 a.m. southbound trip at Wal-Mart, DeLand. Northbound trips will depart Marketplace Cinema, Orange City, every two hours from 8:32 a.m. to 4:32 p.m. Routes 21 and 23 will operate on a Saturday schedule. East Volusia routes 1, 3, 4, 10, 15 and 17 will operate on the Sunday schedule. Buses will operate from the Intermodal Transfer Facility, not the Transfer Plaza. Routes 40 and 41 will operate every two hours. The first Route 40 southbound trip will depart Dunlawton Avenue and U.S. 1 at 6:42 a.m. Northbound trips will depart Canal Street and U.S. 1 every two hours beginning at 7:44 a.m. through 5:44 p.m.
More routes Route 40 will not serve Swallowtail Drive and Village Trail. It will turn right on Dunlawton Avenue from Nova Road and will depart there at 8 minutes
STEPHEN M. DOWELL/ORLANDO SENTINEL/MCT
Fireworks at DIS Fireworks explode following the Coke Zero 400 at Daytona International Speedway on Saturday, July 6, 2013. For details about this week’s Coke Zero 400 and activities at DIS, visit www. daytonainternationalspeedway.com.
past the even hour. It will meet Routes 4 and 17 at Dunlawton and Orange avenues to transfer passengers going north on U.S.1 and A1A. The first Route 41 southbound trip will depart Canal Street and U.S. 1 at 6:57 a.m. Regular trips depart every two hours from 8:47 a.m. through 4:47 p.m. The 2:47 p.m. trip departing Canal Street and U.S.1 will be the only trip serving Oak Hill. All other routes and New Smyrna Beach Flex service will not operate. Votran Gold will run limited schedule and times to coincide with the July 4 fixedroute service. For Votran Gold service changes, contact a reservationist.
Race day schedule Votran bus passengers can expect some delays in service July 3 through 5. Route 11 will not serve the Daytona Flea Market, Bayless and Fentress boulevards all three days. Night service will be disrupted due to traffic from the Coke Zero 400 race at Daytona International Speedway. After the race, traffic patterns will not allow buses to travel west of Halifax Health Medical Center. Traffic patterns may change without notice.
Votran riders are encouraged to visit www.votran.org and click the “subscribe” button at the bottom of the homepage to receive timely notices about bus service changes.
Palm Coast changes July 3 fireworks location The launch location of the City of Palm Coast’s July 3 fireworks celebration is moving back to the traditional fireworks launch area just northeast of Central Park. The Fireworks in the Park display will begin at 9 p.m. on July 3. The best viewing area will be at Central Park, 975 Central Avenue, and along Central Avenue near the park. Central Park can be accessed via Central Avenue – from Belle Terre Parkway or Town Center Boulevard (off SR100). It is important to note that there will be no entrance to the fireworks event from Bulldog Drive, due to ongoing road construction. Parking and viewing will not be available at Flagler Palm Coast High School as previously announced.
Free family event A pre-fireworks family event will be provided by the Flagler Education Foundation from 5 to 9 p.m. at Central Park. The evening will include live entertainment, family fun and games, free prizes, music, dancing and a cookout. Beach 92.7 FM and Kix Country 98.7 FM will provide music and entertainment. Frozen T-shirt contests, whipped cream battles and other games will take place on the Central Park stage. There is no charge for entry, parking or participation. While food and drinks will be available for purchase, coolers and popup tents are allowed. The Fireworks in the Park celebration is produced by the City of Palm Coast, Flagler Education Foundation, and Beach 92.7, with the fireworks funded by a grant from the Flagler Tourist Development Council. Proceeds from the pre-fireworks event will benefit Flagler School programs and scholarships. A fireworks show will begin at 9 p.m., coordinated with patriotic music broadcast on Beach 92.7.
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7 EDITORIAL
JULY 3 – JULY 9, 2014
Voting while Black in Mississippi Last week, African-American voters in Mississippi proved Blacks will vote for a Republican candidate – when doing so meets the time-honored tradition all American voters have always followed: they judge it to be in their self-interest. On June 24, Thad Cochran, the courtly, six-term senior Senator from Mississippi, eked out a narrow 51-to-49 percent victory in a special Republican primary runoff contest over a Tea Party favorite by doing something rarely seen in Republican primary contests in the last half century: actually appealing to Black voters. Cochran’s turning back two-term state senator Chris McDaniel, in effect, assures his return to Washington come November. And the post-election parsing of the vote makes it clear he’ll owe his continued presence there to the state’s Black electorate. McDaniel, who has a nasty history of extremist comments and racially-coded appeals to bigotry, and last year delivered the keynote speech to a meeting of a state chapter of The Sons of Confederate Veterans, actually got 1,400 more votes than Cochran in the June 3 GOP primary. But he didn’t surpass the state-mandated 50-percent vote-total threshold to win it outright. Thus, the special runoff.
LEE A. DANIELS NNPA COLUMNIST
Palin and a constellation of conservative pundits and talk-show hosts, confidently predicted victory, boasts which grew louder in the wake of House Majority Leader Eric Cantor’s shocking defeat by a Tea Party candidate in Virginia just days later. But two things then happened in Mississippi that derailed those expectations. The first is that Cochran, who’s assiduously kept the pipeline of federal largesse flowing to Mississippi during his 36 years in Congress, and the state and national GOP establishment, locked in an increasingly furious battle with the Tea Party, decided to fight back by appealing to the only group of voters in the state whose participation in the runoff could shift the balance of power: Black Democratic voters. The second thing that happened was that Black voters decided they needed to support Cochran to protect their interests, and the interests of Mississippi, perennially among the states in the union most in need of federal aid. (McDaniel had said during the primary he wouldn’t pursue federal aid for many state Black Democrats programs.) Mississippi’s open priMcDaniel and his Tea Party sup- mary system allowed any regisporters, which included Sarah tered voter who had not voted ear-
lier in the month in the Democratic primary to vote in the special Cochran-McDaniel runoff.
Big results The result was that, while the runoff contest as a whole drew about 17 percent more voters to the polls than had showed up for June 3 primary, the percentage increase in Black voters far outstripped the increase in White ones. That meant that, while McDaniel increased his overall vote total by about 30,000 votes, Cochran increased his by nearly 38,000 votes. The 10 Mississippi counties where Cochran improved his vote totals the most were those where Blacks comprised at least 69 percent of the population. On the other hand, less than 1 percent of the increased votes McDaniel drew came from Black voters. Here, Black Mississippians, perhaps the most reliably Democratic voters anywhere in the country, chose to vote for a Republican conservative who has delivered resources that benefit their districts, their interests and those of the state as a whole, and has a sense of decency. They understood what was at stake and chose pragmatism over party.
Lee A. Daniels is a longtime journalist based in New York City. His latest book is Last Chance: The Political Threat to Black America. Write your own response at www.daytonatimes. com.
The Black Press, the voice of Black America (part 1) Amidst last week’s annual convention of the National Newspaper Publishers Association (NNPA) Annual Convention in Portland, Oregon, I was reminded repeatedly that Black Americans have had a long, storied tradition of newspaper publishing. Since the first publication of Freedom’s Journal in 1827, Black American publishers have worked heroically to earn the title “Voice of Black America.” From the east coast to the west coast, in big cities and in small towns, NNPA publishers continue have a sustainable economic development impact within the heart of the Black American community. For more than 187 years, the Black Press in America has stood courageously to articulate and print the news interests of Black America. But please do not take this history lightly or for granted. We must never forget how the long struggle to attain the right to vote was “blood soaked” by the sacrifices and sufferings of civil rights leaders and activists. Similarly, the historic struggle of Black Americans to engage in the enterprise of freedom of press has been also soaked with sacrificial blood, facing down lynch mobs, and enormous economic inequality challenges. There is a long list of Black newspapers in
Why is it necessary? DR. BENJAMIN F. CHAVIS, JR. NNPA COLUMNIST
the U.S. that have been dynamited, deliberated destroyed and the target of successive arsons.
Through the storm During the 1898, race massacre in Wilmington, N.C, the Daily Record was burned to the ground by 1,500 racist vigilantes who were angry at the audacity of Alexander Manly, the Black American publisher of the newspaper. Manly had written a bold editorial opposing the brutal and wanton patterns of unjust lynching of Black men and women in the state. Sixty-five years later, the Wilmington Journal, published by Thomas C. Jervay, Sr. and family, was bombed with sticks of dynamite by a paramilitary group known as the Rights of White People (ROWP). Still, the Wilmington Journal never missed a week publishing. The Jervay family of Blackowned newspapers in Raleigh and in Wilmington emerged over the years to epitomize the history of moral integrity and high value of NNPA member publishers.
Some ask why it is necessary to be reminded of the history of the Black Press. It is necessary because we cannot afford to be ignorant of our past if we intend to have a better future for generations to come. The Black Press is one of the most valuable assets that we have in our communities. At the same time, there are enormous opportunities to advance the cause of freedom, justice and equality for Black America and for all people who yearn and struggle for a better quality of life. Our struggle for freedom, justice and equality continues. I am optimistic about the future. We have been given the baton of history at a time when have some of best newspaper publishers, freedom-fighting journalists, business leaders, teachers, preachers, lawyers and other professionals, along with the most talented and gifted generation of youth that we have ever been blessed to witness. Nothing can hold us back from winning but ourselves.
Benjamin F. Chavis, Jr. is the Interim President and CEO of the National Newspaper Publishers Association (NNPA). Write your own response at www.daytonatimes.com.
The power of Power Talk The recent gathering of serious, conscious, and intelligent brothers and sisters in Washington, D.C. on June 21 was so refreshing and stimulating. The event was called Power Talk One, and it was organized by Carl Nelson, radio talk show host par excellence, whose show is carried from 4-7 p.m. weekdays on WOL1450, in the District of Columbia and across the nation. Gatherings like this one are too few and far between, and I am so excited about its future plans, which will be shared in various circles very soon. Some doubted the turnout would be significant, but there was standing room only at the Plymouth Baptist Church after 1,200 people showed up. The sanctuary was filled, including the balcony and choir sections, as well as the overflow room where attendees could listen to the proceedings. It was scheduled to end at 6 p.m., but continued until 9 p.m. Power Talk One was sponsored by a Black-owned corporation, Radio One, which is significant because too often Black event planners and organizers run to corporations owned by nonBlacks for financial support. A few years ago, I spoke at a Juneteenth celebration and said, “How can
Significant and timely JAMES CLINGMAN NNPA COLUMNIST
we celebrate our freedom if we cannot pay for our freedom celebration with Black dollars?”
Sponsored by Blacks My point was and is that we should not overlook the pleasant and rare fact that a Black company was the sole sponsor of Power Talk One, a Black event. Props to Cathy Hughes and Radio One. Power Talk One brought in men and women from Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, South Carolina, North Carolina, Detroit, Georgia, Illinois, Oklahoma, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Ohio, Florida, and points in between. They came because of Carl Nelson’s powerful radio show and his many years of dedication and commitment to the unyielding pursuit of knowledge and commensurate action. They came because they know Carl’s show informs Black folks (and anyone else who listens) of important issues that will have a positive effect on his audience.
VISUAL VIEWPOINT: HOBBY LOBBY
The Power Talk One gathering was certainly not unique, but it was necessary, timely, and significant as it relates to how we must not only “come together” but also “work together” on solutions so desperately needed for Black people to move in a positive direction toward economic empowerment, historical relevance, educational excellence, and social consciousness. I applaud Power Talk One and Carl Nelson for bringing this event to fruition. One last but important thing: As I always say, everything we do takes money. Radio One stepped to the front and sponsored Power Talk One. Do your part to support Power Talk, but not just by saying how great it was and how good it made you feel. Help sustain it with your dollars. This was not just a “rap and clap session;” there is action to follow but, as usual, we have to write some checks.
Jim Clingman, founder of the Greater Cincinnati African American Chamber of Commerce, is the nation’s most prolific writer on economic empowerment for Black people. Write your own response at www.daytonatimes.com.
DAVID FITZSIMMONS, THE ARIZONA STAR
Right wing gets it wrong in Mississippi If you ever doubted that conservatives were sore losers, the recent Senate election in Mississippi should remove all doubt. After complaining for a half century about Blacks not voting for Republicans, AfricanAmericans did just that in the GOP runoff between incumbent Senator Thad Cochran and State Senator Chris McDaniel, a staunch Tea Party supporter. And because Blacks did not vote for McDaniel against their best interest, right-wingers are livid. Rush Limbaugh called Blacks who voted for Cochran “Uncle Toms.” According to a transcript of his radio program, he said: “I wonder what the campaign slogan was in Mississippi in the past couple of days: Uncle Toms for Thad? ‘Cause I thought it was the worst thing you could do as an African-American. Voting for a Republican is the absolute worst thing you could do, but somehow they were made to believe that voting for old Thad would be fine and dandy.”
Beck, Hannity chime in Glenn Beck chimed in: “I have a question for every Black Democrat in Mississippi: What the hell has this 90-year-old fart – a White Republican, the same White Republican that for years the Democrats have been telling you are nothing but old racists – you tell me exactly what Thad Cochran did for you.” Sean Hannity, speaking on his June 25 edition of his radio program, said: I am so angry at this Thad Cochran/Chris McDaniel race, I can’t even begin to tell you. … And Thad Cochran, seeing his power slipping away after many decades as a senator in Washington, you know, knew that his career was on the line here. And rather than run with dignity and honor and integrity and honor and decency, what did he do? He did just the opposite. And he was appealing to Democratic voters.” Hannity contended Cochran “perpetrated the worst libel, the worst smear against conservatives, against the Tea Party, which is this false narrative that you hear every election cycle
GEORGE E. CURRY NNPA COLUMNIST
from Democrats: that conservatives are racist, that conservatives are mistreating the president because he’s Black. None of which is true.” Let’s take these idiotic comments in reverse order. Yes, Hannity, Cochran’s career was on the line. McDaniel had edged him by 1,400 votes in the Republican primary and there was no way he was going to win the runoff without appealing to Black Democrats. It wasn’t an issue of “dignity, honor and integrity,” it was about his only chance of winning. Of course, some conservatives are opposed to President Obama because he’s Black. Those who think otherwise are the same ones who believe Fox News is “fair and balanced.” Glenn Beck, I will answer your question about what “old fart” Thad Cochran has done for Blacks in Mississippi: Nothing. There is doubt that Thad Cochran would not be the Republican nominee without the Black vote, which is why he courted it. All 24 counties with a Black majority went with the incumbent. Perhaps more telling, the turnout in the runoff was up almost 40 percent in those Black counties, compared to just 16 percent in the other counties. It was deeper than that. It’s time for everyone to give Black voters in Mississippi credit for knowing what was in their best interest. What all of the pundits seem to miss is that Blacks were not necessarily voting for Thad Cochran. They were voting against Chris McDaniel. Either way you look at it, they were successful.
George E. Curry, former editor-in-chief of Emerge magazine, is editor-in-chief of the National Newspaper Publishers Association News Service (NNPA.) Write your own response at www.daytonatimes. com.
Opinions expressed on this editorial page are those of the writers, and do not necessarily reflect the editorial stance of the newspaper or the publisher.
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HEALTH MA YOR
JULY 3 –14JULY 9, 2014 DECEMBER - 20, 2006
BOB ANDRES/ATLANTA JOURNAL-CONSTITUTION/MCT
Bianca Cooper can run again, something she used to enjoy a lot in her Marietta subdivision before her stroke last year at age 29.
Strokes rising among adolescents, young adults WHAT TO WATCH FOR If you observe these signs, call 911 immediately. Face: The smile is not equal or one side droops. Arms: The person cannot raise both arms equally. Speech: There may be sudden slurring of speech or inability to talk and swallow. Time: The time lost is brain lost. Think “Brain Attack” like heart attack. Other symptoms Sudden severe headache Confusion Numbness or weakness on one side of the face, arms or legs Loss of balance or trouble walking Trouble seeing SOURCE: SHEPHERD CENTER
LIVING WITH STROKE — SOME RESOURCES Brain Injury Peer Visitor Association, www. braininjurypeervisitor.org National Stroke Association, www.stroke.org American Stroke Association, www. strokeassociation.com The Brain Attack Coalition, www.stroke-site.org National Aphasia Association, www.aphasia.org National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, www.ninds.nih.gov
BY GRACIE BONDS STAPLES ATLANTA JOURNAL-CONSTITUTION
After a fun night out with her girlfriends late last year, Bianca Cooper arrived home with a “killer” headache. That wasn’t all that unusual, but she soon started to lose feeling on her left side and was unable to walk. She knew something wasn’t right. She called her girlfriend. “I think I’m having a stroke,” she told her. Cooper was 29 and as far as she knew as healthy and strong as an axletree. Her experience, however, is a powerful reminder that strokes are increasingly occurring in young people. In fact, Georgia Hospital Association figures show that roughly the same number of people under 65 as over 65 experienced strokes each year. Doctors at the Shepherd Center in Atlanta say the trend, while in some re-
spects is surprising, is visible among the patients they treat. The number of young stroke patients aged 15-40 admitted to the Shepherd Center has tripled in the past eight years.
Average age: 31 The center’s rehabilitation program for younger patients takes a more aggressive approach than general stroke programs, which typically treat older patients. Shepherd patients participate in more hours of therapy and training, and the intensity level of the therapy is greater. “Stroke is typically thought of as something that affects older people, but more and more young people are having them and we see that time and again reflected in the patients we admit,” said Dr. Ford Vox, a staff physician at Shepherd. “Here the average age of patients in our stroke program is 31.” Vox attributes much of the increase to Americans’
sedentary lifestyle. “This would not have happened 30 years ago,” he said. “We’re eating more processed foods, more salts and reaping the fruits of that. Problems that used to develop in older adults such as high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity, we’re now seeing in people as young as 14.”
Driver is hypertension Vox, who specializes in brain injury rehabilitation medicine, said the main driver of these strokes is hypertension, and any point above normal — 120 over 80 — significantly increases the risk for stroke. While there is some debate about how vigorously hypertension should be treated, Vox maintains doctors should err on the side of aggressively. Same with diabetes and obesity, both of which, he said, suggest problems with patients’ vascular system. For instance, Vox said, diabetes, which people think of simply as elevated sugar, damages the body’s cardiovascular system. Still, there are plenty of strokes that can’t be prevented, such as a carotid artery dissection, which can occur spontaneously or because of trauma to the body.
Hidden health hazards can dampen July 4 fun Fireworks, pool injuries, hot temperatures can send patients to doctor over the holiday SPECIAL TO THE TIMES
July 4 is a time for celebration whether it’s a family get together in the backyard or a trip out of town for some R and R. With all the fun going on, we sometimes forget about the dangers July Fourth merrymaking can bring. Fireworks, swimming pools and hot temperatures can all put a damper on your good times if you’re not careful. Doctors at American Family Care/Doctors Express Urgent Cares and American Family Care facilities often see a surge in patients seeking treatment for injuries and illnesses over the July 4th holiday. • In the month around the July 4 holiday, 65 percent of people on average seek medical treatment everyday with fireworks-related injuries • Most fireworks injuries are caused by banned, illegal or homemade devices • Drowning is the No. 1 cause of death among children ages 1-5 outside of congenital birth defects. • Children up to four years of age, people 65 years of age and older and people who are on certain
medications are at greatest risk of heat-related illnesses
Handling fireworks Fireworks are part of any great July 4 celebration but mishandling fireworks or using illegal fireworks can lead to problems that will land you in the doctor’s office. Doctors see a lot of hand, fingers and eye injuries caused by fireworks each year, and say that the safest way to enjoy them is at a professional display. If you set up your own legal display, be sure to have a fire extinguisher or a hose connected to a water source nearby to put out fires. Keep children away from fireworks at all times. According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, children under age 5 were most likely to be injured by fireworks. • Sparklers and rockets accounted for more than 40 percent of all fireworks injuries. • Consumers sometimes feel comfortable handing children fireworks devices perceived to be less powerful, such as sparklers and bottle rockets, leading to injuries.
Pool problems Swimming pools – either in a friend’s backyard or the public variety – can cause major medical problems. Swimmers with intestinal illnesses can release Cryptosporidium bacte-
COURTESY OF AFC/DOCTORS EXPRESS
Dr. Mary McIntire tends to a patient at the American Family Care/Doctors Express clinic in Memphis, Tenn. ria into the water, and anyone who gets water in their mouth is also at risk for the bacteria. According to the CDC, every day about 10 people die from unintentional drowning, and nearly 80 percent of drowning victims are male. There have also been recent reports of secondary and dry drowning incidents, where problems happen long after swimming or contact with water.
• Dry drowning: Water is inhaled while swimming, creating irritation in the airway. The irritation can cause muscle spasms, leading to impaired breathing. • Secondary drowning: Water is inhaled while swimming and doesn’t clear the lungs. The irritation caused by the water can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs, known as pulmonary edema. The
drowning actually occurs from the lung fluid, not the water.
Heat stroke, exhaustion People suffer heat-related illness when their bodies’ temperature control systems overload and their bodies can no longer cool themselves. Infants and children under age 4, people over 65, over-
5 7 “Everybody wants to know why it happens, but we don’t always have an answer for that,” Vox said. “We have seen many cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, which in some cases is due to a patient’s blood clotting too easily. It can also occur in patients who don’t have that problem.” A stroke is typically defined as either ischemic or hemorrhagic, Vox said. Ischemic strokes, caused by a blockage in an artery, are by far the more common type, causing over 80 percent of all strokes. Hemorrhagic strokes are caused by a tear in the artery’s wall that produces bleeding into or around the brain. Cooper never saw hers coming, and neither did Wes Varda. One moment he was hitting the snooze button on his alarm clock, Varda said, “and the next thing I knew I was in ICU.” That was in December 2008. He was 31. He worked out three or four times a week. He didn’t smoke or drink. “I was in great shape,” he said. After the stroke, caused by a hole in his heart, Varda said he had to relearn everything. How to walk and talk. How to feed himself. And even what a stroke was. “I knew the word but that’s about all,” he said. After months of intensive therapy at Shepherd, Varda, now 37, is back at work as a construction services buyer, living on his own and driving. Every Monday for the past five years, he has come back to Shepherd, where he volunteers. Seeing the patients, he says, has made him realize how lucky he is. “I didn’t know how devastating it could be,” he said. “Now I see it all the time. I see the struggles.” Doctors told Cooper she had had a massive hemorrhage on her brain. Her entire left side was paralyzed. After a week at Kennestone Hospital, she was transferred to the Shepherd Center. Six months later, she said, “I still have deficits but I’m pretty sure footed. I still have balance issues but I can walk. I don’t drool anymore.” The fact that she could have a stroke at age 29, Cooper said, is still shocking. “I knew it could happen, but you hear about them more in older people,” she said.
weight people, people with certain illnesses and those taking certain medications are most at risk for heat-related illnesses. A heat stroke is the most serious heat-related illness. Body temp can rise to 106 degrees in 10 to 15 minutes, and sweating just isn’t enough to cool down. Without immediate treatment, you can become permanently disabled or die. Heat exhaustion is a milder heat-related illness that develops after several days of exposure to high temps and inadequate replacement of fluids. Most prone to heat exhaustion are the elderly, people with high blood pressure and folks who work or exercise in the heat. People often don’t have many options besides emergency care over the Fourth of July holiday. With no appointments necessary and extended evening and holiday hours, AFC/Doctors Express and American Family Care facilities are often swamped with patients during the festivities. “Summer is the time to take it easy, but you can never take a vacation from proper health precautions and safety,” says Dr. Bruce Irwin, founder of American Family Care. “Injuries and sickness don’t only happen Monday through Friday from 9-5. Our medical facilities are open on weekends and after hours to make sure patients get immediate care without long waits and high bills.”
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7 CLASSIFIEDS
JULY 3 – JULY 9, 2014
East Central Florida’s Black Voice
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JULY 3 – JULY 9, 2014 DECEMBER 14 - 20,TECHNOLOGY 2006
MAYOR
No warrant? No problem: How the government can get your digital data Above: Google says it got 16,407 requests for data in total — including emails sent through its Gmail service — from U.S. law enforcement agencies in 2012, and an additional 10,918 requests in the first half of 2013.
BY THEODORIC MEYER SPECIAL TO THE NNPA
The government isn’t allowed to wiretap American citizens without a warrant from a judge, but there are plenty of legal ways for law enforcement – from the local sheriff to the FBI to the Internal Revenue Service – to snoop on the digital trails you create every day. Authorities can often obtain your emails and texts by going to Google or AT&T with a court order that doesn’t require showing probable cause of a crime. These powers are entirely separate from the National Security Agency’s collection of Americans’ phone records en masse, which the House of Representatives recently voted to end. Here’s a look at what the government can get from you and the legal framework behind its power:
Left: An Ohio police detective searches for evidence in crimes committed through the Internet such as false merchandise sold through an auction site.
Phone records Listening to your phone calls without a judge’s warrant is illegal if you’re a U.S. citizen. But police don’t need a warrant — which requires showing “probable cause” of a crime— to monitor the numbers for incoming and outgoing calls in real time, as well as the duration of the calls. Instead, they can get a court to sign off on an order that only requires the data they’re after is “relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation”— a lesser standard of evidence. The government can also get historical phone records with an administrative subpoena, which doesn’t require a judge’s approval. Police can get phone records without a warrant thanks to a 1979 Supreme Court case, Smith v. Maryland, which found that the Constitution’s Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure doesn’t apply to a list of phone numbers. The Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA) — a 1986 law that underpins much of how the government can get digital data — requires providers to allow access to real-time data with a court order and historical data with a subpoena.
Location data Many cell phone carriers provide authorities with a phone’s location and may charge a fee for doing so. Cell towers track where your phone is at any moment, so can the GPS features in some smartphones. In response to an inquiry by Sen. Edward J. Markey, a Massachusetts Democrat, Sprint reported that it provided location data to U.S. law enforcement 67,000 times in 2012. AT&T reported receiving 77,800 requests for location data in 2012. (AT&T also said that it charges $100 to start tracking a phone and $25 a day to keep tracking it.) Other carriers, including T-Mobile, U.S. Cellular and Verizon, didn’t specify the number of location data requests they had received or the number of times they’ve provided it. Internet service providers can also provide location data that tracks users via their computer’s IP address — a unique number assigned to each computer. Courts have been divided for years on whether police need a warrant from a judge to get cell phone location data. Back in 2005, Judge Stephen W. Smith denied a government request for real-time access to location data, and some judges have followed his lead. But other courts have
AKRON BEACON JOURNAL/MCT
ruled that no warrant in necessary. Police in the 11th Circuit — which covers Alabama, Georgia and Florida — need to get a warrant for location data.
IP addresses The standard for IP addresses is the same as the one for phone records: Authorities can get a court order allowing real-time access as long the court approves that the records are relevant to an investigation. They can also get historical records of IP addresses with an administrative subpoena. Police can thank U.S. v. Forrester, a case involving two men trying to set up a drug lab in California, for the ease of access. In the 2007 case, the government successfully argued that tracking IP addresses was no different than installing a device to track every telephone number dialed by a given phone (which is legal). The FBI obtained such a court order last year authorizing it to track the IP addresses used to log into an email account reportedly belonging to Edward Snowden in real time (although Lavabit, the email provider, resisted the order).
Emails Here’s where the rules get really complicated. Authorities need a warrant to get unopened emails that are less than 180 days old, but they can obtain opened email as well as unopened emails that are at least 180 days old with only a subpoena as long as they notify the customer whose email they’ve requested. The government can also get older unopened emails without notifying the customer if they get a court order that requires them to offer “specific and articulable facts showing that there are reasonable grounds to believe” the emails are “relevant and material to an ongoing criminal investigation” — a higher bar than a subpoena. How often does the government request emails? Google says it got 16,407 requests for data in total — including emails sent through its Gmail service — from U.S. law enforcement agencies in 2012, and an additional 10,918 requests in the first half of 2013. Microsoft, with its Outlook and Hotmail email services, says it received
KAREN SCHIELY/AKRON BEACON JOURNAL/MCT
This is a photo of Heather McKenna’s Facebook page as seen on her computer on March 11, 2012, in Randolph, Ohio. Heather and her husband, Jon McKenna, were surprised when the police showed up at their door after Heather jokingly posted on Facebook that she was going to murder her husband. Heather then Photoshopped this image of her behind prison bars and posted it on Facebook. 11,073 requests from U.S. authorities in total in 2012, and an additional 7,014 in the first half of 2013. The company provided some customer data in 75.8 percent of the 2013 requests. (The figures don’t include requests for data from Skype, which Microsoft owns.) And Yahoo says it received 12,444 such requests in the first half of 2013, providing at least some customer data in 91.6 percent of them. (The Department of Justice requires providers to wait six months before releasing data on the requests.) A coalition of technology companies, including Apple, Google and AT&T, is lobbying to change the law to require a search warrant for email and other digital data stored remotely. A bill introduced last year by Sens. Patrick Leahy, a Vermont Democrat, and Mike Lee, a Utah Republican, and approved by the Judiciary Committee would update the ECPA and require a warrant to get all emails. A similar bill being pushed by Reps. Kevin Yoder, a Kansas Republican, and Jared Polis, a Colorado Democrat, known as the Email Privacy Act, secured the support of a majority of the House in May. And the Justice Department, which had objected to such a change, said last year that there was “no principled basis” for giving older emails less protection than newer ones.
Email drafts Communicating through
draft emails, à la David Petraeus and Paula Broadwell, seems sneaky. But drafts are actually easier for investigators to get than recently sent emails because the law treats them differently. The ECPA distinguishes gives stored electronic data — including draft emails that were never sent — less protection under the law. Authorities need only a court order or a subpoena to get them. The bills to update the ECPA would change that by requiring a warrant to obtain email drafts, but none of them have passed yet.
Text messages Investigators need only a court order or a subpoena, not a warrant, to get text messages that are at least 180 days old from a cell provider — the same standard as emails. Many carriers charge authorities a fee to provide texts and other information. Sprint charges $30 for access to a customer’s texts, according to documents obtained by the ACLU in 2012, while Verizon charges $50. The ECPA also applies to text messages, which is why the rules are similar to those governing emails. But the ECPA doesn’t apply when it comes to reading texts or accessing other data on a physical cell phone rather than getting them from a carrier. The Supreme Court recently ruled unanimously that police needed a warrant to search the phones of people who had been arrested. The court dismissed the Justice Department’s argu-
ment that searching a cell phone was not materially different than searching a wallet or a purse. “That is like saying a ride on horseback is materially indistinguishable from a flight to the moon,” Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. wrote in the opinion.
Cloud data Authorities typically need only a court order or a subpoena to get data from Google Drive, Dropbox, SkyDrive and other services that allow users to store data on servers, or “in the cloud,” as it’s known. The law treats cloud data the same as draft emails — authorities don’t need a warrant to get it. But files that you’ve shared with others — say, a collaboration using Google Docs — might require a warrant under the ECPA if it’s considered “communication” rather than stored data. “It actually makes no sense for the way we communicate today,” says Greg Nojeim, a senior counsel with the Center for Democracy & Technology.
Social media When it comes to sites like Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn, the rules depend on what authorities are after. Content is treated the same way as emails — unopened content less than 180 days old requires a warrant, while opened content and content at least 180 days old does not. Authorities can get IP addresses from social networks the same way they get them from Internet
service providers — with a court order showing the records are relevant to an investigation for real-time access, and with a subpoena for historical records. Twitter has reported that it received 1,494 requests for user information from U.S. authorities in 2012, and 1,735 requests in 2013. In the second half of 2013 — the most recent time period for while data is available — Twitter reported that 55 percent of the requests were from subpoenas, 7 percent through other court orders, 26 percent came through search warrants and 12 percent came through other ways. Twitter says that “nonpublic information about Twitter users is not released except as lawfully required by appropriate legal process such as a subpoena, court order, or other valid legal process,” except in emergencies “involving the danger of death or serious physical injury to a person.” Facebook says it requires a warrant from a judge to disclose a user’s “messages, photos, videos, wall posts, and location information.” But it will supply basic information, such as a user’s email address or the IP addresses of the computers from which someone recently accessed an account, under a subpoena.
This story is special to NNPA from ProPublica.
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Author introduces kids to MLK’s friends fore that. Just talking to him—” she says, expressing how excited she was to get to know him. “And then the next year he was saying, ‘You know I’ve got a brain tumor, right?’ And I said, ‘What do you mean, brain tumor?” And he goes, “Well that’s from all those White people beating up on my head for all those years.’” A few months after that conversation, Shuttlesworth began having strokes. And a few years after that, his wife called to ask James to rush-deliver his book in the series. A few hours after reading the un-illustrated, unpublished manuscript, Shuttlesworth died at home. “They had a chance to read it together and that just meant so much to me,” James says. “He couldn’t speak by then, but [his wife] said she could tell he was really pleased.”
BY JAZELLE HUNT NNPA NEWS SERVICE
WASHINGTON – Over the course of a 32-year teaching career, Jacqueline James noticed a glaring problem—Black history was slowly but surely being ignored in the schools where she worked. When it was outright dropped from her required curricula, she got creative, using Black history calendar factoids for penmanship lessons. “Now, Black history is watered down to them teaching about [Martin Luther King Jr.] in January, then they don’t even do anything else,” says James, adding that teachers today are under so much pressure, they don’t have time to truly teach. “Even now…I really think children need to know who helped him. Because they think Martin Luther King did everything from free the slaves to help LeBron James. It’s crazy.” Now retired, she’s on a quest to re-educate the nation’s Black children. In 2009, she founded JAX Publications to write, selfpublish, and market a children’s historical non-fiction series of books, called Friends of Martin Luther King, Jr.
28 titles
Personal stories The sepia-toned hardcovers feature key players in the Civil Rights Movement who supported and worked with Dr. King. They are written at a middle school level, and each book has accompanying lesson plans and enrichment activities for teachers. James’ lesson plans are also in line with the Department of Education’s Common Core educational standards, which have been adopted by almost every state. And she’s enriching her own life, too. Through her company, JAX Publications, James is able to avoid the steep percentage cuts of being carried in a bookstore, which typically takes 40 percent, or working with a publisher who might want to own the rights to her work. But more importantly, the
COURTESY OF JACQUELINE JAMES/JAX PUBLICATIONS
Jacqueline James of Atlanta is on a mission to educate students about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his friends. project allows the self professed “historical-accuracy fanatic” to get up-close and personal with the figures she so admires. Take C.T. Vivian, the subject of the first book in the series, for example. “When I was 17…I saw this man standing, talking to this White racist sheriff. He wouldn’t stop talking, and the [sheriff ] hit him and knocked him down. And then he got right back up and kept talking. They picked him up and took him to jail,” recalls James, now 66. “Then I saw the same scene years later on [PBS documentary] “Eyes on the Prize,’’ and
I said, ‘That’s the same man from those years ago!’”
More legends Forty years after that, James was a guest at an event to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Selma-to-Montgomery, Ala. march and Vivian was in attendance. “And I went and introduced myself, saying, ‘You don’t know me but I’ve known you for years. I’m glad to meet you now,’” she says. “We shook hands and talked, and I said, ‘Somebody needs
to write a book about you….’ And he said, ‘Well, here’s my number. Call me when you get back to Atlanta and we’ll sit down and talk about it.’” Since then, she’s become acquainted with other civil rights luminaries such as Dorothy Cotton, the Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, and many more (even becoming good friends with the latter’s daughter, Ruby Shuttlesworth Bester). “You only hear about Martin Luther King in Birmingham, you don’t know about what this man (Shuttlesworth) did 89 years be-
Weekly ad in hand. Coupons in pocket. BOGO-vision on. It’s time to save. publix.com/save
Today, the Friends of Martin Luther King, Jr. series consists of 28 titles, including A. Philip Randolph, Bayard Rustin and Dorothy Height. Her books can be found in Georgia’s DeKalb County library system; in a few schools in Michigan, DeKalb County, Atlanta, and Durham, N.C. and can also be purchased directly from her website, www.jaxpublications.com. In addition to adding to the series, she’s also seeking financial partners to launch a children’s magazine, and dipping her toes in publishing other likeminded authors’ works. “When I ask students, do you know any of [Dr. King’s] friends… one student told me, ‘I didn’t know he had friends.’ What was sad was when another student asked me, ‘Was Harriet Tubman his friend?’ “We’re the only race on the face of the Earth that would let other people tell our history, let other people take our history, and tell us what we can teach. I don’t take anything from Martin Luther King – he has contributed the utmost. But, we have more history than that.”
Jazelle Hunt is NNPA’s Washington correspondent.