Ethiopia - Borana / Yabero

Borana / Yabero Ethiopia CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

Site Atlas

Leonard Tedd/DFID

CCAFS site atlas

Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Radeny, M. and Kinyangi, J. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Borana / Yabero. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community.

This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: ccafs@cgiar.org Creative Commons License

This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. ©2013 CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).

DISCLAIMER: This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source.

Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Regional Map.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Topographic Map ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Satellite Map .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability Annual Rainfall ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Annual Temperature ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Aridity Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics Altitude............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Soil Type ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Agro-Ecological Zones ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Landcover ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Landuse .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Length of Growing Period 2000 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Length of Growing Period 2030 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Crop Suitability ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Livestock Production Systems ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Livestock Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors Livelihood Zones............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 Human Population Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Market Access ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Conservations Areas....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 References and Data Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 22

Introduction The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based efforts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services.

Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change affects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management affect the climate system.

CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia.

These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys).

More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases.

This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Borana / Yabero in Ethiopia, in East Africa Region.

IV

CCAFS Sites: East Africa

10ºN

10ºS

10ºS

0º

50ºE

10ºN

40ºE

0º

30ºE

30ºE

40ºE

50ºE

Ethiopia: Borana (ET01) Kenya: Nyando (KE01) Kenya: Makueni (KE02) Uganda: Albertine Rift (UG01) Uganda: Kagera Basin (UG02) Tanzania: Usambara (TZ01) CCAFS Country Sites

Citation: GeoMapa (2013a)

1

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Topography Borana

38°30'E

Chichilla

CCAFS Site ET01, Borana / Yabero, Ethiopia

( !

Surupa

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Boccadà

( !

( !

Hara Legati

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

Araghi

Keranya

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

( !

Funchaua

( !

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline Sampling frame

Afalata

4°30'N

Chumba

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Web ( !

( !

( !

Camo

38.296E 38.567E 38.567E 38.296E

( !

4.957N 4.957N 4.686N 4.686N

Funan Gaba ( !

38°E Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

Sampling frame size: 30km x 30km

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

( !

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Citation: GeoMapa (2013b)

2

Satellite Image Yabero 38°20'0"E

38°30'0"E

! (

Tulauaio

! (

Orbatte Kubianno

Hara Legati

Gadda

! (

( !

4°50'0"N

4°50'0"N

Gomole ! (

( !

( !

Dembalaseden ( !

! .

Denbella Saden

2011 1- 040 m o fr ag ery n Eye im resolutio id p a d R n u o r g at 5m eline ld B as o h e s H ou HB S= Survey ne B as eli illag e V = S y VB Surve line l Base ationa iz n a Org OB S= Survey

( Buke !

! ( Harawatu

Road River

! (

Settlement

! . ( !

CCAFS HBS villages

CCAFS VBS/OBS village

Denbi Dikale 38°20'0"E

0

2.5

Scale 1:215,000 5

10

CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame

38°30'0"E

15 Kilometers

Citation: RapidEye (2011)

3

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Annual Rainfall

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

K E N Y A 0

Chumba 4°30'N

Web ( !

( !

Camo

Rainfall (mm)

38°E Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

30

750 - 1,250 1,250 - 1,750

( !

> = 1,750

38°30'E

Road

250

500 Kilometers

Yabero Mean Monthly Rainfall Distribution Yabero Mean Monthly Rainfall Distribution

45 Kilometers

ll data l Rainfa Annua t n e of c urr tio ns la interpo ed data, erv of o bs e of entativ repres 00 0 2 195 0 -

Rainfall (mm)

250 - 750

Funan Gaba ( !

125

Corresponds to the map on the left

< = 250 ( !

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

4°30'N

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

200

20

150

15

100

10

50

5

0

0

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Funchaua

Gebugela

( !

No. of Rainy Days

Ade

Rainfall (mm)

No. of Rainy Days

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation:

Hijmans et al (2005)

4

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Annual Temperature

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

K E N Y A 0

Chumba

YaberoMonthly Mean Monthly Temperature Distribution Yabero Mean Temperature Distribution 40

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

30

45 Kilometers

re peratu l Tem Annua nts annual f e repres t ure data o s n ra tempe interpolatio t curren ved data, er of o bs d for ge avera - 200 0 195 0

Temp. Max

20

Temp. Min

10

Oct

Sept

Dec

Temp. Mean

July

0

Aug

25 - 30 > = 30

38°30'E

Road

( !

30

June

Balale

Dubuluk

20 - 25

Temp. (deg. Cel)

15 - 20

Apr

Temperature (ºC)

May

Web

Camo

Funan Gaba

38°E

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

< = 15

Settlement

250

Mar

4°30'N

4°30'N

( !

( !

125

( !

( !

( !

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

Jan

( ! ( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Feb

Funchaua

Gebugela

( !

Nov

Ade

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)

5

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Aridity Index

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Hyper Arid

38°E Settlement

Arid

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

125

250

500 Kilometers

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

Semi Arid ( !

Dry sub-humid

es indicat Index Aridity of dryness , tion el the lev apotranspira v e en taking unt, at a giv fall o c in c a a r into k n ow n f o n locatio

Humid

38°30'E

Road

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

Corresponds to the map on the left

Aridity Index

Funan Gaba ( !

K E N Y A

( !

( !

( !

KENYA

0

Chumba

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Trabucco et al (2009)

6

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Altitude

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

0

Chumba 4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Altitude (m) 2,000 - 2,500

Funan Gaba

38°E Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

250

500 Kilometers

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

1,500 - 2,000 ( !

e ates th l e ind ic ve Altitud bove sea le a t h heig ers in met

1,000 - 1,500 500 - 1,000

38°30'E

Road

125

Corresponds to the map on the left

> = 2,500

( !

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

40°E

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

KENYA

< = 500

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Jarvis et al (2008)

7

( !

38°E

Soil Type

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

( !

ERITREA SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

Keranya El Gura El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Boccadà

( !

( !

Hara Legati

5°N

5°N

( !

d of E G olf

en

( !

( !

El Uaiè

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

E T H I O P I A

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Araro

Arero

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua ( !

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Corresponds to the map on the left

Soil Type* Luvisols Leptosols

Funan Gaba ( !

Balale

Dubuluk

Fluvisols ( !

Vertisols Cambisols

38°E

Settlement

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

( !

( !

( !

40°E 0

Chumba

SOMALIA

KENYA

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

* Legend corresponds to left map

il the so fers to re e p O y So il T the FA as per oil gro ups group n. S o ti a parent ic classif ed by their c geneti fin are de and m orpho o f s al rm ri te te a in m s an d teristic charac l propert ies ra d n tu a c t u sil str ( sand, as as well texture , t) n nte o ntent. c clay c o r e tt ma organic

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO et al (2009)

8

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Agro-Ecological Zones

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

KENYA K E N Y A 0

Chumba 4°30'N

Web ( !

( !

Camo

Corresponds to the map on the left

Agro-Ecological Zones* High Altitude Semi-Arid

( !

High Altitude Northern Guinea Savanna

Funan Gaba ( !

Balale

Dubuluk

High Altitude Southern Guinea Sananna Mid Altitude Northern Guinea Savanna

( !

Mid Altitude Semi-Arid

38°E Settlement

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

( !

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

* Legend corresponds to left map

es al Zon cologic of Ag ro-E the division e t e a v ic a ind at h eas th land ar aracteristics y, h c ilit similar o land suitab t l d a relate icultur ial ag r potent n and tio t. prod uc ental imp ac m n o ir env

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO (2008)

9

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Landcover

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E Golf

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

38°E

Landcover * Mosaic Croplands/Vegetation Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

30

( !

Closed broadleaved deciduous forest Open broadleaved deciduous forest Closed to open shrubland

38°30'E

Road

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Rainfed croplands

Funan Gaba ( !

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

Settlement

K E N Y A 0

Chumba ( !

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

e ow s th l ver sh a Land co (bio)physic ed v r 's e s h t b o ar f the e t cover o i.e. dominan , e c e s fa u r su nd tion, la r e s. vegeta -made featu n a m d an

Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland 45 Kilometers

Closed to open broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest * Legend corresponds to left map

Citation: Arino et al (2009)

10

( !

38°E

Landuse

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

( !

ERITREA SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

Keranya El Gura El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Boccadà

( !

( !

Hara Legati

5°N

5°N

( !

d of E G olf

en

( !

( !

El Uaiè

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

E T H I O P I A

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Araro

Arero

( !

Funchaua

( !

Corollo Uaraua

4°30'N

Web

Camo

125

Corresponds to the map on the left

Landuse * Grasslands moderate livestock density Grasslands protected

Funan Gaba

Crops and moderate intensive livestock density ( !

Balale

Dubuluk

( !

Crops and high livestock density Agriculture protected

38°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

* Legend corresponds to left map

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

250

500 Kilometers

( !

( !

Settlement

40°E 0

Chumba

SOMALIA

KENYA

International boundary

( !

( !

UGANDA

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

how t io n of descrip .It involves a is d se n Landu tilize the la y, i.e. the u it people o nom ic act iv dific atio n o ec so cio- m ent and m m ent into n e manag atural enviro n ch as . of t he iro nm ent,su settlem ent s v d n n e a lt iple s u ld built m e fi e ay b lt ural agricu lace, therem p here.

At any s, the sented se land u t one is pre n a dom in

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Natchtergaele et al (2010)

11

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Length of Growing Period 2000

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

Length of Growing Period (Days)

Funan Gaba

50 - 100

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

100 - 150 ( !

150 - 200 > 200

38°30'E

Road

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

< = 50

38°E Settlement

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

K E N Y A 0

Chumba ( !

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

ing f Gro w ngth o defined e L e h T is (LGP) ys Period umb er of da h n ic e h h w t as during rainfed r a e y in a able is avail upply for there s e r oistu soil m o wth. r plant g

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

12

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Length of Growing Period 2030

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

< = 50 50 - 100

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

100 - 150 ( !

150 - 200 > 200

38°30'E

Road

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Length of Growing Period (Days)

Funan Gaba

38°E Settlement

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

K E N Y A 0

Chumba ( !

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

wing of Gro ed h t g n e The L is defin (LGP) of days d io r r Pe numb e ich as the r during wh fed a in e a y r a in able is avail upply for there s oisture soil m o wth; here r plant g for 2030 . d le e d mo

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

13

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Crop Suitability

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

38°E

Corresponds to the map on the left

Crop Suitability Not suitable Very low

Funan Gaba

Settlement

Low

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

( !

Medium low Medium Medium high

38°30'E

Road

K E N Y A

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

( !

( !

( !

KENYA

0

Chumba ( !

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

High 45 Kilometers

ers to ity ref il b a it u Crop S resource nd the la ent that m al land assess s agricultur vant r e le e consid ions with r ition t d p n o o c e al us d cologic agro-e ate expecte im t . s s e ie it to g activ croppin

Very high

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO and IIASA (2007)

14

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Livestock Production Systems

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

Funan Gaba

38°E Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

( !

( !

( !

K E N Y A 0

Chumba ( !

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

( !

Corresponds to the map on the left

Mixed Rainfed

Livestock only

Arid / Semi-arid

Arid /semi-arid

Humid / sub-humid

Temperate / highland

Temperate / highland

Closed to open shrubland

Mixed Irrigated Arid / semi-arid

Urban area

Humid / sub-humid

Other

Temperate / highland

s tem s a o n S ys roduc ti ystems take P k c Livesto gricult ural s s into a n part of atic c onditio ied in sif lim s -c la c ro g a re stoc k t and a ac coun feed and live m odities f om o c s k c logy; sto term techno es; live ; reso urc ; pro duction ck func tions to ed ; produc use and lives hic locations p t produc ered; geogra suppo rted. ns ov area c an populatio m and hu

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO (2007)

15

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Livestock Density

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Number per km

2

<=5

Funan Gaba Balale

Dubuluk

5 - 10 ( !

10 - 15 15 - 20

38°E Settlement

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

No Observations

( !

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

K E N Y A 0

Chumba

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

sity is ck Den s Livesto d in number re g u in s a d e m inclu stock, nd sheep, of live a goats cattle, 2 m per k

> = 20

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Wint et al (2007)

16

( !

38°E

Livelihood Zones

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

( !

ERITREA SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

Keranya El Gura El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Boccadà

( !

( !

Hara Legati

5°N

5°N

( !

d of E G olf

en

( !

( !

El Uaiè

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

E T H I O P I A

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Araro

Arero

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua ( !

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Corresponds to the map on the left

Livelihood zones * Borena-Guji Cattle Pastoralist

Funan Gaba

Southern Agro-Pastoral ( !

38°E

Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

* Legend corresponds to left map ( !

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

( !

( !

( !

40°E 0

Chumba

SOMALIA

KENYA

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

x and comple actors. e r a of f oods Livelih by a variety map s e d n e o p z a od sh s liveliho ic area These e geograph roadly b at deline hich p eop le ood w lih within e same live ces s to th ac share luding arkets. ns inc patter ome, and m inc food,

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

USAID (2011)

17

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Human Population Density

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

( !

International boundary

4°30'N

Web

Camo

Corresponds to the map on the left 2

Number of persons per km <= 5 5 - 25

Funan Gaba

38°E Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

125

250

500 Kilometers

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

25 - 50 ( !

lation ed n Popu Huma is the g ridd r2 y pe Densit of persons r e b m nu 2 200 5. km in

50 - 250 > 250

38°30'E

Road

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

K E N Y A 0

Chumba ( !

( !

KENYA

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: CIESIN (2005)

18

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Market Access

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Travel time to nearest large town/city (Hours) 5 - 10

Funan Gaba Balale

Dubuluk

10 - 15 ( !

15 - 20 > = 20

38°E Settlement

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

<=5

( !

K E N Y A

( !

( !

( !

KENYA

0

Chumba

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

eas ure e is a m rmined im t l e Trav y dete s sib ilit rs) taken e c c a f o ou , time (h urban centre in the s n e t io r t a e la n u to the city of a p op re o r town o 0 people or m of 0 ns a ,0 e 0 5 m f t o n differe count) (taking tation into ac r o transp

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Nelson (2008)

19

( !

38°E

Poverty

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

( !

ERITREA SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

Keranya El Gura El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Boccadà

( !

( !

Hara Legati

5°N

5°N

( !

d of E G olf

en

( !

( !

El Uaiè

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

E T H I O P I A

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Araro

Arero

( !

Funchaua

( !

Corollo Uaraua

4°30'N

Web

Camo

38°E

Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day 0 - 20 20 - 40

Balale

Dubuluk

River

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

40 - 60 ( !

60 - 80 80 - 100

38°30'E

Road

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

0 or missing

Funan Gaba

Settlement

Scale 1:15,000,000

( !

( !

( !

40°E 0

Chumba

SOMALIA

KENYA

International boundary

( !

( !

UGANDA

( !

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

( !

45 Kilometers

ed s truct overty p N c on CIESI atasets of timate d es l a n b o glo ed re b as that a ational child n of sub ortality and m t infan ition d ata, h are tr ot malnu ing that b nd a niz recog for p overty s n a ie x h t pro er e rath welfar easures. m direct

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: CIESIN (2005)

20

( !

38°E

Wadabara

Conservation Areas

38°30'E

Chichilla

40°E

ERITREA

( !

SUDAN

( !

( !

Garadase

( ! ( !

Biduara

( !

El Gura

( !

El Baro Tulauaio

( !

( !

( Orbatte !

Yabelo ( !

Borciuma

Hara Legati

Boccadà

( !

( !

E T H I O P I A

5°N

5°N

( !

El Uaiè

en

Keranya ( !

( !

DJIBOUTI

Araghi

d of E f l o G

Fultura

( !

Jamuda

10°N

Surupa

Buvilla

( ! ( !

( !

Dabanas

Meder

( !

Ade

( !

SOU TH SUDAN

Deritu

( !

! Gomole (

( !

Argasa

( !

Araro

Arero

SOMALIA

( !

Funchaua

( !

UGANDA

Corollo Uaraua

( !

( !

International boundary

Afalata

4°30'N

( !

Web

Camo

Conservation Areas Sanctuary

Funan Gaba

38°E

Settlement

Balale

Dubuluk

National Park ( !

Wildlife Reserve

38°30'E

Road River

0

7.5

40°E

Scale 1:15,000,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Controlled Hunting Area

( !

K E N Y A

( !

( !

( !

KENYA

0

Chumba

4°30'N

( !

Gebugela

( !

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

45 Kilometers

reas ation A areas Co nserv t pro tected en CN , s IU re p re hic g to c ordin eograp c g a t, d a e n th d rly defi d, dedicate a le c e are c ogniz ugh legal or re , s e c spa d thro s, to anage and m ective m ean ervatio n ff e c ons other -term e lo ng assoc iated ac hiev h re w it nd of natu m services a te ec osys alue. lv cultura

1 cm = 7.5 km

Yabero CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: UNEP and WCMC (2012)

21

References and Data Sources Regional Map Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84

assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp.

Aridity Index Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information.

Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Altitude Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ďŹ lled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Soil Type FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Satellite Image RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011

Agro-Ecological Zones Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agroecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy

Annual Rainfall Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.

Landcover Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global.

Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/

Annual Rainfall Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002.

MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp.

Landuse Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degradation Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1.

LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple

Annual Temperature Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.

Length of Growing Period 2000 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Annual Temperature Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002.

MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk

Length of Growing Period 2030 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the

22

Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Conservation Areas UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK.

Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inďŹ&#x201A;uence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007.

Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131.

Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World.

FAO, 131 pp.

Livelihood Zones Livelihood Zone Products. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). Accessed at http://www.fews.net/pages/livelihoods.aspx?loc=6&l=en.

Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004) Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN, Columbia University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty

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The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT).

For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl

J.Recha/CCAFS