India - Haryana / Karnal

Haryana / Karnal Usambara Tanzania India CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

Site Atlas

CCAFS site atlas

Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Bhatta, G. and Aggarwal, P.K. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Haryana / Karnal. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community.

This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: ccafs@cgiar.org Creative Commons License

This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. ©2013 CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).

DISCLAIMER: This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source.

Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Regional Map.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Topographic Map ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Satellite Map .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability Annual Rainfall ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Annual Temperature ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Aridity Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics Altitude............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Soil Type ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Agro-Ecological Zones ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Landcover ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Landuse .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Length of Growing Period 2000 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Length of Growing Period 2030 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Crop Suitability ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Livestock Production Systems ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15 Livestock Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors Human Population Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Market Access ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Conservations Areas....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 References and Data Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21

Introduction The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based efforts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services.

Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change affects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management affect the climate system.

CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia.

These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys).

More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases.

This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Haryana / Karnal in India, in South Asia Region.

IV

CCAFS Sites: South Asia 80ºE

90ºE

20ºN

20ºN

10ºN

10ºN

30ºN

30ºN

70ºE

Bangladesh: Khulna (BA04) India: Bihar (IN16) India: Haryana (IN17) Nepal: Mid-Western Terrai (NE03)

70ºE

80ºE

90ºE

CCAFS Country Sites

Citation: GeoMapa (2013a)

1

Topography Haryana 77°E

77°30'E

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

( ! ( !

Sountli

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

( !

CCAFS Site IN17, Haryana / Karnal, India

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( !

Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline ( ! ( ! ( !

Samaspour Bhankala Sampling frame ( ! ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Kissan Basti Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

Sohlo 76.888E 29.842N ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( !

76.993E 29.842N ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

76.993E 29.750N Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Mohri Pakhana ( 76.888E 29.750N Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla !

Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Sampling frame size: 10km x 10km Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

Mohri

( !

Sambhalkha

30°N

( !

30°N

Mauli

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan ( !

( !

( !

( !

Lalru

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

Yamu

na

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Citation: GeoMapa (2013b)

2

Satellite Image Karnal

76째55'0"E

29째50'0"N

2011 8- 011 m o fr ag ery n Eye im resolutio id p a d R n u o r g at 5m eline ld B as o h e s H ou HB S= Survey ne B as eli illag e V = S y VB Surve line l Base ationa iz n a Org OB S= Survey

. !

( !

Pakhana, Khand-Nilokheri

Shakenpur

( !

Lalaini Jageer

Kudak Jageer

( !

Dadupur Kurali

29째45'0"N

( !

( !

Ganjar/Gangar

! . ! (

CCAFS VBS/OBS village CCAFS HBS villages

( !

CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame

76째55'0"E 0

1

2

Scale 1:75,000

4

6 Kilometers

Citation: RapidEye (2011)

3

Annual Rainfall 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

45 Kilometers

No. of Rainy Days

Dec

Oct

Sept

Rainfall (mm)

Nov

July

Aug

Apr

June

ll data l Rainfa Annua t n e rr of cu la tions interpo e d da ta , rv e s of ob e enta tiv repres 000 2 0 5 of 19

May

Town

Mar

Feb

Jan

Rainfall (mm)

. !

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

No. of Rainy Days

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( !

Karnal Mean Monthly Rainfall Distribution Karnal Mean Monthly Rainfall Distribution ( !

Anantmau Sizud Rainfall (mm) Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

300 18 Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur < = 250 Nanauta 16 Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra 250 ( !

Tholla Hashimpur Bhaila 14 ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur !

250 - 750 200 12 ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ( !

10 Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( 150 ( Titron !

750 - 1,250 ( Chausana !

8 Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda !

100 6 ( ( ! ( !

Gondar 1,250 - 1,750 4 Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi 50 Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( !

2 ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! > = 1,750 0 0 ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)

4

Annual Temperature 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

45 Kilometers

e e ratur l Temp Annua ts a nnua l f en repres ture data o s n ra te mpe interpola ti o t cu rren rve d da ta , e of obs d for e ave rag 000 -2 1950

Temp. Min

Temp. Mean

Dec

Oct

Sept

Temp. Max

Nov

July

June

Aug

Apr

May

Town

Mar

Feb

Jan

Temperature (deg. Cel)

. !

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( !

KarnalMonthly Mean Monthly Temperature Distribution ( !

Anantmau Sizud Temperature (ºC) Amboli Karnal Mean Temperature Distribution Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur 50 ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village < = 20 ( Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla !

40 Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur !

20 - 22.5 ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . !

30 ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

22.5 - 25 Agondh 20 ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda Jijola ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

10 25 - 27.5 Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

0 Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli > = 30 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation:

Hijmans et al (2005)

5

Altitude 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Samaspour Bhankala ( ! ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Altitude Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

80°E

International boundary 0

125

Scale 1:10,000,000

Corresponds to the map on the left

(m) > = 1000 750 - 1000 750 - 500

250

500 Kilometers

tes the ind ica e d level u it Alt ve sea o b a t heig h s er in met

250 - 500 > 250

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Jarvis et al (2008)

7

Soil Type 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! s oil ( !

Anantmau Soil Type * Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon to the ( ! ( !

Sultanpur efers r e ( ! ( !

O Akbarpur p y A Cambisols Nanauta Salaru Village ( Kachhwa Bargaon Soil T s per t he F Singhra s ( !

Tholla !

Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! a ( ! group ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur !

Calcisols group ation. Soil parent ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ic ir ( ! if e s Deoband Nissing !

Mora clas ( b y th ogenet ic ( Titron !

Fluvisols ( Chausana ! fined h Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! are de l and morp ( Jaroda Panda ! ( of ( ! ( !

Gondar Lixisols ia erms r t e t Kheri Naru ( Khodsama ! a in m Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! istics ties and ( ! r e t ( ! ( ! c Bansa a ( ! ( ! ( !

Regosols Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli ! ch ar Maduban ( Pindora ! ( ! roper Kamalpur Ghalauli nd u ral p struct (sand, s ilt a * Legend corresponds to left map 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

e ell textur tent),as w on r e t t clay c a an ic m as org . t n e t n co

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO et al (2009)

8

Agro-Ecological Zones 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! es ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon al Zon f Agro-Ecological Zones ( ! ( ! ologic Sultanpur o c E n ( ! ( !

Akbarpur o io r Nanauta Ag Salaru Village divis ( Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra Arid ( !

Tholla ! te the t have Bhaila Hashimpur a ( ! ( ! ic d ( ! ( !

Manjura ( ! in a ( Tabarrukpur ! h Thaska ( ! ( ! s Semi-Arid ( ! reas t . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Nissing ! land a haracteristic ility, Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana ! c r ab Sub-Humid a Agondh it il u ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda s Jijola im s d ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar to lan al Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Humid Rankhandi related l ag ricultur Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( ! ( ! ( ! ia Bansa t ( ! ( ! ( ! n e Uncha Siwana t ( Dudhli ! o Maduban ( Pindora ! d ( !

Kamalpur p n Temperate/Highlands Ghalauli ction a l 77°E 77°30'E prod u nta ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

nme enviro t. c a imp

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO (2008)

9

Landcover 77°E

77°30'E

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

( !

80°E

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Landcover Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur Closed to open mixed broadleaved, needleleaved forest ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Irrigated croplands Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( !

Mosaic Grassland/Forest-Shrubland ( ! ( !

Manjura ( ! ( Tabarrukpur !

Thaska Rainfed croplands ( ! ( ! ( ! . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Closed to open shrubland Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron !

Mosaic Croplands/Vegetation ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( !

Sparse vegetation ( !

Gondar Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( !

Closed to open vegetation regularly flooded ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Closed broadleaved deciduous forest Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli Urban area 77°E 77°30'E Open broadleaved deciduous forest ( !

30°N

( !

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

Mauli

( !

Lalru

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

45 Kilometers

the how s al over s )physic La ndc io (b ed observ the earth 's of ant cover domin e e, i.e . surfac on , land us ti ve ge ta -ma de n a m and s. fe ature

Open needleleaved deciduous or evergreen forest Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland Closed to open grassland

Bare areas

Closed to open broadleaved forest regularly flooded (fresh-brackish water)

Closed to open broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest

Citation:

Arino et al (2009)

10

Landuse 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

Agriculture large scale Irrigation

45 Kilometers

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

Scale 1:10,000,000 ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Landuse * ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Forest with agricultural activities Singhra ( !

Tholla Hashimpur Bhaila ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Forest with moderater higher livestock density Karnal . ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda Jijola Rainfed crops (Subsistence/Commercial) ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( !

Crops and high livestock density ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli Crops, large-scale irrigated, moderate or higher livestock density 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

Urban area

80°E

500 Kilometers

w n o f ho s e s crip ti o is a de lan d.It involv e s u d La n liz e the ti vity, i.e . th e ti u le peop ic a c on c o no m dificati socio-e ent and mo en t into m m e n g o a ma n l e nvir h as na tura c of the ir onment,s u e ttlements . v n e and s iple s buil t ld e fi e mu lt ltural may b e is re e agri cu th , n place a nt o At any s , the domin se . land u re e ted h pre se n

* Legend corresponds to left map

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

Natchtergaele et al (2010)

11

Length of Growing Period 2000 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

Katola

Dandrolon ( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Hamidpur

Sountli

Rajban

( !

Majra

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

( !

Kolar

Amboa ( !

( ! ( !

. Ram Nagar !

Sataun

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

Nahan

( !

( !

( !

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Samaspour Bhankala ( ! ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Length ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

80°E

International boundary 0

125

Scale 1:10,000,000

Corresponds to the map on the left

of Growing Period (Days) < = 50 50 -100 100 - 150 150 - 200 > 200

250

500 Kilometers

ing f Gro w ngth o defined e L e h T is (LGP) ys Period umb er of da n ich e h h w t s g a in ar dur infed in a ye available ra for is upply there ture s is o m soil . ro wth plant g

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

Thornton et al (2006)

12

Length of Growing Period 2030 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

Katola

Dandrolon ( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Hamidpur

Sountli

Rajban

( !

Majra

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

( !

Kolar

Amboa ( !

( ! ( !

. Ram Nagar !

Sataun

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

Nahan

( !

( !

( !

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Samaspour Bhankala ( ! ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Length ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Hashimpur Bhaila ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( ! . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

80°E

International boundary 0

125

Scale 1:10,000,000

Corresponds to the map on the left

of Growing Period (Days) < = 50 50 - 100 100 - 150 150 - 200 > 200

250

500 Kilometers

ro wing th of G fined g n e L The is de (LGP) ys Period umb er of da h n ic e h as th ing w ar dur le rainfed e y a in ab is avail upply for there s e r u t is o soil m o wth; here r plant g for 2030 . d le e d o m

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

Thornton et al (2006)

13

Crop Suitability 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left ( ( !

Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! to Crop Suitability ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon efers ( ! ( !

Sultanpur b ility r a it ( ! ( !

Not suitable u Akbarpur S Nanauta Salaru Village ce ( Kachhwa Bargaon Crop Singhra ( !

Tholla ! resour Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura Very low ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! e land t that h t ( ! ( ! ( ! . Karnal ! ( ! men al land Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron !

Low assess s agricultur vant ( Chausana !

Agondh er le ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! consid ions with re ition ( !

Gondar Medium low t d Kheri Naru ( Khodsama ! p n o o Rankhandi c e l s Balwa Kheri ( ! a u ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa logic ( ! ( ! ( ! o d c Medium Uncha Siwana e e ( Dudhli ! t Maduban ( Pindora ! c ( ! o Kamalpur Ghalauli agr expe imate ities. t s 77°E 77°30'E e Medium high o t ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

High

croppin

g activ

Very high

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO and IIASA (2007)

14

Livestock Production Systems 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

. !

Town

Settlement

Humid / sub-humid

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

Scale 1:10,000,000 ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Mixed Rainfed Livestock only ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village Arid / Semi-arid ( !

Arid /semi-arid Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( !

Humid / sub-humid ( !

Temperate / highland ( ! . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Temperate / highland Agondh Humid and sub-Humid ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda Jijola ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru Mixed Irrigated ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Arid / semi-arid Urban area Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

Other

80°E

500 Kilometers

s as Syste m uction e ms take k Prod c st y to s s l e Liv ltu ra agricu ns into pa rt of a tic condit io ied in lim sif s la c agro-c re t and a estock accoun feed a nd liv mm odit ie s of co logy; terms s; livestock te chno e ; re sourc ; production ck functions d e to c s e u v d li tions; a d pro c n a lo e ic ph t us . produc e re d; ge ogra porte d ns su p ov area c an populatio m and hu

Temperate / highland 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO (2007)

15

Livestock Density 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

Scale 1:10,000,000 ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli 2 Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Number per km ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla No Observations Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Karnal . ! ( !

0 - 15 Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda Jijola ( !

15 - 30 ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( !

30 - 45 ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 45 - 60 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

80°E

500 Kilometers

sity is ck Den s Livesto d in number re g u in s a d e m inclu stock, nd sheep, of live a goats cattle, 2 m per k

> 60

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Wint et al (2007)

16

Human Population Density 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

Scale 1:10,000,000 ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( 2 ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Number of persons per km Amboli Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur <=5 Nanauta Salaru Village ( Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla !

Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur !

5 - 25 ( ! ( ! ( ! . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron !

25 - 50 ( Chausana !

Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! ( ( ! ( !

Gondar 50 - 250 Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! > 250 ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

80°E

500 Kilometers

lation ed n Popu Huma is the g ridd r y pe Densit of persons r e b num2 200 5. km in

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

CIESIN (2005)

17

Market Access 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli eas ure Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon Travel time to nearest large town/city (Hours) ( ! ( ! e is a m rmined Sultanpur im t l ( ! ( !

Akbarpur e Nanauta Salaru Village Trav ( y dete Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra 0-2 ( !

Tholla ! s sib ilit rs) taken Bhaila Hashimpur e ( ! ( ! c c a ( ! ( !

Manjura f ( ! ( Tabarrukpur ! o Thaska ( ! e (hou ( ! ntre, ( ! . Karnal !

2-3 ( ! the tim es t urban ce n Deoband Nissing !

Mora in ( ( Titron ! r tio ( Chausana ! a e la n u Agondh ( !

3-4 Ranwar Jijola ! ( Jaroda Panda ! to the city of a p op re ( ( ! ( !

Gondar o r m o Kheri Naru r ( Khodsama ! n Rankhandi tow ple o 4-5 Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Bansa 0 0 peo ( ! n s of ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli of 50,0 ifferent mea unt) >5 d co c g a in 77°E 77°30'E (tak n into ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

. !

Town

Settlement

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

ortatio transp

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Nelson (2008)

18

Poverty 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

Katola

Dandrolon ( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Hamidpur

Sountli

Rajban

( !

Majra

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

( !

Kolar

Amboa ( !

( ! ( !

. Ram Nagar !

Sataun

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

Nahan

( !

( !

( !

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

NEPAL Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

80°E Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

1:10,000,000 Scale ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 500 Kilometers Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli Padhana ( !

Kundan Garh ( !

Sambhi ! ( ! ( ( ! ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day Baraas ( !

Bara Gaon ba l ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ed glo ( ! ( !

Akbarpur s truct y th at Nanauta n 0 or missing value Salaru Village o ( ! c Kachhwa Bargaon t Singhra N ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( !

CIE SI t s of pover tes of ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur !

0 - 20 ( ! ( ! stima ality ata se ( ! e Karnal . ! d n ( ! o Deoband Nissing !

Mora sed ( mort ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

20 - 40 are ba nal infant n d ata, Agondh ( !

Ranwar Jijola ! tio ( Jaroda Panda ! a itio ( ( ! r n t b ( ! u Gondar u s maln 40 - 60 a re Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

Rankhandi child Balwa Kheri ( Hathchhoya ! t both ( ! d a n h a ( ! t ( !

Bansa ( ! g ( ! ( ! d in Uncha Siwana n iz a ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! n ( ! y Kamalpur 60 - 80 Ghalauli recog for povert n 77°E 77°30'E a h t roxies r ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

. !

Town

Settlement

80 - 100

Road

Railway River Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

45 Kilometers

p e e rath welfar easu res. m t direc

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: CIESIN (2005)

19

Conservation Areas 77°E

77°30'E

Fatehpur Viran Jaula Kalan

30°30'N

( !

( !

Raiwali ( !

Jasdhana Khurd Jatwar

Sarsini

( !

( !

( !

Shahpur

Tharwa

( !

Patvi

( !

( !

Tharwa

( !

( !

Nahan

Sataun

( !

( !

( !

Trilokpur

Kohra-Bhura

Narayangarh Baragarh ! (

( !

Kolar

Hamidpur

Rajban

( !

Majra

Amboa ( !

( !

( !

Paonta Sahib

CHINA

( ! ( !

Sountli ( !

Nakhrauli ( !

Nurhad

Gola ( !

PAKISTAN

Sadhaura

( !

. Ram Nagar !

( !

Katola

Dandrolon

Korwa Khurd

. Ambala !

( !

! Binjalpur (

Taharpur Naushera ( ! ( Pirthipur !

Sandhaya ! ( Bada Marwa Kalan ( !

Manipur ( !

Bilaspur ( Shahpur ! !

Karkauli Khizrabad ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Chintpur Pabni ( !

Yakubpur Mirzapur ( ! ( !

Balchhapper ( !

( Badshahibagh !

( !

Mohri

Sambhalkha

. !

Town

Settlement

UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve

Road River

Canal

0

7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

30

NEPAL

I N D I A

30°N

( !

30°N

Mullana ( !

Sohana ! ( Dosadaka ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Rajouli ! ( ( Chhauchhrauli ( !

Tandwal ! ( !

Seemla Dhin Jaidhar ( ! ( Barara !

Milk Majara ( ! ( ! ( Rao Marja !

Sohata Maado ( !

Uchachandana ( !

Nalvi ( !

Adhoya ( ! ( !

Ugala ( Behat ! . !

Kanhari Kalan ( ! ( !

Shahbad Talherei ( !

Tangore Mehmadpur Yamunanagar Manjhipur ( !

Harnoul ! ( . ! ( Sansarpur ! ( !

Kharindwa ( !

Jhiwerheri ( !

Jhansa Sharifgarh ( Jhinjhouli !

Laapra ( !

Damla ( ! ( ! ( !

Tigri ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Randaul Ajrana Kalan Navada Chanarthal ( !

Baingani Khurdi !

Karoundi ( ( ! ( Tigra ( ! ( ! ( !

Haripur Tehsil Khajuri !

Ramnagar Allewa Budha Khera Kalal Majra ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Bhadurpur Heraheri ( ! ( ! ( !

Dhurala ( !

Kaulapur Alahar Radaur ( !

Buddha Khera ( ! ( ! ( !

Sainpur ( ! ( ! ( Jathlana !

Chamari Khera ( Dewala ( Behlolpur !

Sarsawan ! ( !

Bhiwani Khera ( !

Braheri B.S.P. ( ! ( !

Mathana Sarsoheri ( !

Ladwa Saharanpur ( ! ( ! ( Dhanoura ! ( !

Sandhla Sahabamajara Jhabiran Jyotisar ! . ( !

Kadami Gagalheri . Kailash Pur ! ( !

Dhanokheri ( ! ( !

Sirsama ! ( ( ! ( ! ( !

Gumthala Rao Baraundi Thanesar Hasanpur ( ! ( !

Phandpuri ! ( ! ( ( !

Nakur Kainthal Khurd Shergarh Nathori Chogawan ( ! ( Kairmach Hathira !

Indri Sidki ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

International boundary Samaspour Bhankala ( !

Scale 1:10,000,000 ( Jamba ! ( ! ( ( !

Kissan Basti !

Nigdhu Ambheta ( !

Norta Badarpur ( !

Nagal ( Naurangpur !

0 125 250 Sohlo ( !

Dagrauli !

Padhana ! ( !

Kundan Garh ! ( Sambhi ! ( ( ( ( ! ( ! ( Basera !

Kherimaan Singh ( Koyer !

Sonkra ! ( ( !

Khatauli Taraori ( !

Sarsina ( !

Rampur ( Chaura Village ! ( !

Kallarpur Gujjar ! ( ! ( ( !

Corresponds to the map on the left Mohri Pakhana ( Darar ( !

Gangoh ! ( Kanjauli !

Shamgarh (! ! ( ! ( ( ! ( !

Anantmau Sizud Amboli Baraas Conservation Areas ( !

Bara Gaon ( ! ( !

Sultanpur ( ! ( !

Akbarpur Nanauta Salaru Village ( !

Sanctuary Kachhwa Bargaon Singhra ( !

Tholla Bhaila Hashimpur ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Manjura ( Thaska ! ( Tabarrukpur ! ( ! ( !

National Park ( ! . Karnal ! ( !

Deoband Nissing !

Mora ( ( Titron ! ( Chausana !

Agondh National Park Extension ( !

Ranwar Jaroda Panda Jijola ( ! ( ! ( ! ( !

Gondar Kheri Naru ( Khodsama !

National Park / Buffer Zone Rankhandi Balwa Kheri ( ! ( !

Hathchhoya ( ! ( !

Bansa ( ! ( ! ( !

Uncha Siwana ( Dudhli !

Maduban ( Pindora ! ( !

Kamalpur Ghalauli Wildlive Reserve 77°E 77°30'E ( !

30°N

( !

( !

Lalru

( !

Mauli

80°E

( !

30°N

Jalauli Barwala ! ( Bhagwanpur ! (

Jangla Bhood

30°30'N

( ! !Dera Bassi . ( Khatauli !

80°E

500 Kilometers

re as ation A re as Conserv t protecte d a , n se IU CN to re pre ic g ograph cordin that,ac y defined ge icate d rl d a e le d c , are iz ed l or recogn h le ga spa ce, a ged throug to an s, n m a e d n m a e tion ffe ctiv nserva oth er e ng-term co d lo te e ia assoc achiev re with es and ic of natu m serv te s sy eco . l value ra u lt cu

Not Reported 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Karnal CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: UNEP-WCMC (2012).

20

References and Data Sources Regional Map Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84

assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp.

Aridity Index Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information.

Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Altitude Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ďŹ lled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Soil Type FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Satellite Image RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011

Agro-Ecological Zones Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agroecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy

Annual Rainfall Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.

Landcover Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global.

Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/

Annual Rainfall Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002.

MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp.

Landuse Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degradation Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1.

LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple

Annual Temperature Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978.

Length of Growing Period 2000 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Annual Temperature Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002.

MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk

Length of Growing Period 2030 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S.

21

and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inďŹ&#x201A;uence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007.

Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131.

Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World.

FAO, 131 pp.

Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004) Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN, Columbia University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty Conservation Areas UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEPWCMC: Cambridge, UK.

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June 2013

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address the most important interactions, synergies and tradeoffs between climate change, agriculture and food security. CCAFS is a strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT).

For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl