Kenya - Nyando / Katuk Odeyo by CGIAR Climate

CCAFS site atlas

Nyando / Katuk Odeyo Kenya CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

Site Atlas

K.Trautman/CCAFS

Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Radeny, M. and Kinyangi, J. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Nyando / Katuk Odeyo. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: ccafs@cgiar.org Creative Commons License

This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. ©2013 CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). DISCLAIMER: This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source.

Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Regional Map.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Topographic Map ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Satellite Map .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability Annual Rainfall ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Annual Temperature ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Aridity Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics Altitude............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Landforms......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Soil Type ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Agro-Ecological Zones .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Landcover ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Landuse .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Length of Growing Period 2000 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Length of Growing Period 2030 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Crop Suitability ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Livestock Production Systems ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Livestock Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors Livelihood Zones............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Human Population Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Market Access ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 20 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Conservations Areas....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 References and Data Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23

Introduction The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based efforts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services. Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change affects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management affect the climate system. CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia. These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys). More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases. This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Nyando / Katuk Odeyo in Kenya, in East Africa Region.

CCAFS Sites: East Africa

10ºN

10ºS

0º

50ºE

10ºN

40ºE

0º

30ºE

40ºE

50ºE

Ethiopia: Borana (ET01) Kenya: Nyando (KE01) Kenya: Makueni (KE02) Uganda: Albertine Rift (UG01) Uganda: Kagera Basin (UG02) Tanzania: Usambara (TZ01) CCAFS Country Sites

Citation: GeoMapa (2013a)

Topography Nyando

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos Mbitondo

( !

Chavakali ( !

( !

Ulumbi

( !

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

( !

Shamakhokho

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

(! ! (

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Kibigori Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( ! ( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Awach

Kendu Bay

0°30'S

( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

Kisii

( !

Sondu

Kiptere ( !

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

Saosa

Kebenet Chemasit

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

Litein

( !

Tombe ( !

Nyamira

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

( ! ( !

River 0

7.5

Ndamichoni

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

0.269S 0.361S 0.361S 0.269S

Sotik

35°E

Road

Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline Sampling frame 35.068E 35.068E 34.978E 34.978E

Bosta

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

( !

Kadongo

( !

( ! ( !

Musereita

Gucha

Kapkiam! (

Kaitui

( !

Ekerengo

( !

Marani

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Ringa

Zacharia

Riana

( !

Koru

( !

Ramba Centre

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Kap Sarok

Bolo Asawo Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( !

Homa Bay

( !

Kusa

( !

( Kosele !

Awach Tende

Muhoroni

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

Fort Ternan

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

Maseno

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

Nabkoi

( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

Yala

CCAFS Site KE01, Nyando / Katuk Odeyo, Kenya

( !

Sampling frame size: 10km x 10km

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Citation: GeoMapa (2013b)

Satellite Image Katuk Odeyo 0°15'0"S

35°5'0"E

0°15'0"S

35°0'0"E

Chemildagey

Awach ( !

2011 5- 020 m o fr ag ery n Eye im resolutio id p a d R n u o r g at 5m eline ld B as o h e s H ou HB S= Survey ne B as eli illag e V = S y VB Surve line l Base ationa iz n a Org OB S= Survey

! (

Kobiero/Warieya/Nyagol ! (

! (

Kamango

Asawo

! (

Obinju

Kapsorok

Kamuana 0°20'0"S

0°20'0"S

! .

! (

( ! Tabet "B"

River

! (

35°0'0"E

35°5'0"E

Scale 1:100,000 4

Road

( !

Settlement

! . ! (

CCAFS HBS villages

CCAFS VBS/OBS village

CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame

8 Kilometers

Citation: RapidEye (2011)

Annual Rainfall

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( ! ( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Kisii

( !

Tombe

( !

Keumbu

( !

Keroka

( !

Ikonge

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

40°E

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

( !

Rainfall (mm)

Sotik

< = 250 250 - 750 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

River 0

INDIAN

Kebenet

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road 7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

( ! ( !

750 - 1,250

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! Merigi

1,250 - 1,750 > = 1,750

35°30'E

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kapsuser

Chemasit

Musereita

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

( !

Gucha

( !

. Kericho !

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kebirigo

Zacharia

( !

Marani

Kiptere

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Sondu

Ainamoi

45 Kilometers

fall l Rain Ann ua current f datao n s of olatio interp d d ata, ve ob ser n tative e e r rep s - 2000 0 of 195

M ean M onthlyDistribution Rainfall Distribution Katuk Odeyo Nyando Mean Monthly Rainfall 250

200

150 100

50 0

N o . o f D ays

Rangwe

( !

Sosiot

( !

Dec

( ! ( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

O ct

Homa Bay

( !

Victoria ( !

Nov

0°30'S

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Se p t

Kendu Bay

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

0°

( !

Bioye

Miwani

July

. !

Orongo

( !

Aug

Kisumu

Kibos

Jun e

( !

Apr

Kisian

M ay

( !

(! ! (

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

M ar

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

Nabkoi

( !

Jan

Luanda

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Majengo

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

Fe b

Ulumbi

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

R ain fall (m m )

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Rainfall(m m )

No. of Rainy D ays

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)

Annual Temperature

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( ! ( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

Kisii

( !

Tombe

Keumbu

( !

Keroka

( ! ( !

( !

INDIAN OCEAN

Saosa

Kebenet

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

40°E

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

( !

Temperature (ºC)

Sotik

< = 15 15 - 20 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

20 - 25

Chemer ( ! Merigi

25 - 30 > = 30

35°30'E

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Kapsuser

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

. Kericho !

( !

Gucha

( !

Ainamoi

( !

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Sondu

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Riana

( !

Sosiot

( !

45 Kilometers

e e ratur l Temp Annua ts a nnua l en f repr es ture data o ra ns te mpe pola ti o r te in t cu rr en ve d da ta , er of obs d for e ave rag 000 2 1950 -

Nyando Mean Monthly Temperature Distribution Katuk Odeyo Mean Monthly Temperature Distribution 40 30

Temp. Max

Temp. Min

10 0

Temp. Mean Dec

( ! ( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

Oct

Homa Bay

( !

Victoria ( !

Nov

0°30'S

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Sept

Kendu Bay

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

0°

( !

Bioye

Miwani

July

. !

Orongo

( !

Aug

Kisumu

Kibos

June

( !

Apr

Kisian

May

( !

(! ! (

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

Mar

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

Nabkoi

( !

Jan

Luanda

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Majengo

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

Feb

Ulumbi

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

Temp. (deg. Cel)

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Citation: Jones et al (2002)

Citation:

Hijmans et al (2005)

Aridity Index

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

( !

Sosiot

( !

Tombe

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keroka

( !

Aridity Index

Sotik

Hyper Arid Arid ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

Ainamoi

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Semi Arid Dry sub-humid

es indicat Index , y s it s id e r n A ry tion e l of d the lev apotranspira v e en taking unt, at a giv fall o c in c a a r into k n ow n f o n locatio

Humid

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Trabucco et al (2009)

Altitude

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Maseno

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

(! ! (

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

Kegogi ( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Sosiot

( !

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

Litein

Bosta

Keroka

( !

Corresponds to the map on the left

Altitude (m)

Sotik

> = 2,500 2,000 - 2,500 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 30

40°E

International boundary

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Nyansiongo

( Mosora !

Ainamoi

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Tombe

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Riana ( !

( !

Ringa

Oyugis

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

1,500 - 2,000

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

500 Kilometers

tes the ind ica e ve d u it sea le Alt above heig ht s er in met

1,000 - 1,500 500 - 1,000 < = 500

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Jarvis et al (2008)

Landforms

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Maseno

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

(! ! (

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

Kegogi ( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

( !

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

Litein

Keroka

( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

1 cm = 7.5 km

45 Kilometers

250

500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

125

Landforms *

Sotik

( !

Scale 1:12,500,000

Bosta

( !

40°E

International boundary

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Ainamoi

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Sosiot

( !

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Tombe

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Riana ( !

( !

Ringa

Oyugis

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

the mpri se s rm s co nit La ndfo hological u rp rth's ge om o e up the Ea d ak ne that m largely defi d e, an surfa c rfa ce fo rm e su dsca p by its the la n in n o lo cati

Badlands

Piedmont plains

Bottomlands

Plateaus and high-levelstructural plains

Floodplains

Swamps

Footslopes

Upland/high-level plain transitional lands

Hills and minor scarps

Upper middle-level uplands

Lacustrine plains

Upper-level uplands

Lower middle-level uplands

Volcanic footridges

Minor Valleys

Undifferentiated or various rocks

Mountains and maior scarps Non-dissected erosional plains

Citation:

FAO Africover (2002)

Urban area * Legend corresponds to left map

Soil Type

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

( !

Keumbu

( !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

( !

Soil Type *

Sotik

Acrisols

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

Bomet

35°E

River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Nyansiongo Keroka

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

( !

Tombe

Road Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

! Mosora (

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

Chemasit

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Ekerengo

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

45 Kilometers

Lixisols

Alisols

Luvisols

Andosols

Nitisols

Arenosols

Phaeozems

Cambisols

Planosols

Ferralsols

Regosols

Fluvisols

Vertisols

Gleysols

Greyzems

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

s oil to the refers e p O y T A Soil t he F as per oil groups group .S n o ti a arent ic class if ed b y th eir p net ic e n g fi o e h d orp are l and m ms of materia ristics in t er te and ch arac l p roperties y ra n tu a d cla struc d, s ilt organic n a s ( texture , as well as t) con ten nt en t. co matter

* Legend corresponds to left map

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO et al (2009)

Agro-Ecological Zones

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Gucha

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet Chemasit

( !

Tombe ( !

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Agro-Ecological Zones *

Sotik

High Altitude Derived Savanna Mid Altitude Derived Savanna ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Bomet

( !

High Altitude Humid Forest

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! ( ! Merigi

Mid Altitude Humid Forest * Legend corresponds to left map

35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 30

INDIAN

Saosa

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

es al Zon cologic of Ag ro-E the division e t e a v ic a ind at h eas th land ar aracteristics y, h c ilit similar o land suitab t l d a relate icultur ial ag r potent n and tio t. prod uc ental imp ac m n o ir env

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: FAO (2008)

Landcover

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

( !

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

INDIAN OCEAN

Saosa

Kebenet

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

Nyamira

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Rainfed croplands

Sotik

Mosaic Croplands/Vegetation ( !

( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

( ! ( !

Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

1 cm = 7.5 km

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Ainamoi

Landcover

Tombe

! Mosora (

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Sosiot

( !

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Closed broadleaved deciduous forest Open broadleaved deciduous forest Open needleleaved deciduous or evergreen forest

e ow s th l ver sh a Land co (bio)physic ed v r 's e s h t b o ar f the e t cover o i.e. dominan , e c e s fa u r su nd tion, la r e s. vegeta -made featu n a m d an

Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland Urban area

45 Kilometers

Closed to open shrubland Closed to open broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest

Citation: Arino et al (2009)

Landuse

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Maseno

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

(! ! (

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

Kegogi ( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

Litein

Bosta

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Landuse *

Sotik

( ! ( !

( !

Ndamichoni

Bomet

( !

Forest with moderate or higher livestock density

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Corresponds to the map on the left

Forest with agricultural activities

35°E

7.5

1 cm = 7.5 km

45 Kilometers

Shrubs unmanaged Shrubs protected Shrubs moderate livestock density Shrubs high livestock density Rainfed crops (Subsistence/Commercial)

250

500 Kilometers

of how es ript io n a desc nd.It involv is e s Landu tilize the la ity, i.e. the u iv people o nom ic act dific atio n ec mo io c o s t and nt into n e m o nm e ge mana atural envir h as n uc t s. of t he iro nm ent,s lem en le nv nd sett built e ral fields a ay be m ult ip lt u m agricu lace, there ant one is p in At any s, the dom se land u d here. te presen

Crops and moderate intensive livestock density Crops and high livestock density Agriculture protected Urban area

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

Forest protected

( !

River

40°E

International boundary

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Riana Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

* Legend corresponds to left map Citation: Natchtergaele et al (2010)

Length of Growing Period 2000

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Length of Growing Period (Days)

Sotik

< = 50 50 - 100 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

100 - 150 150 - 200 > 200

ing f Gro w ngth o defined e L e h T is (LGP) ys Period umb er of da h n ic e h h w t s a during rainfed r a e y in a able is avail upply for there s e r oistu soil m o wth. r plant g

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

Length of Growing Period 2030

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Length of Growing Period (Days)

Sotik

< = 50 50 - 100 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

100 - 150 150 - 200 > 200

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

ro wing th of G fined g n e L The is de (LGP) ys Period umb er of da h n ic e h as th ing w ar dur le rainfed e y a in ab is avail upply for there s e r u t is o soil m o wth; here r plant g for 2030 d le e d o m

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Thornton et al (2006)

Crop Suitability

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

( !

Sosiot

( !

Tombe

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keroka

( !

Crop Suitability

Sotik

Not suitable Very low ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

( !

Low

Tenwek

Medium low

Chemer ( ! ( ! Merigi

Medium Medium high

35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

Ainamoi

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

ers to ity ref il b a it u Crop S resource s ns id er nd the la ent that co m e assess ral land us nt ltu agricu with releva ition s d n n o io c t al op d cologic agro-e ate expecte im t . s s e ie it to g activ croppin

High Very high

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO and IIASA (2007)

Livestock Production Systems

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

Tombe ( !

Keumbu

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

Nyansiongo Keroka

Mixed Rainfed

Sotik ! (

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

7.5

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi

Livestock only

Arid / Semi-arid

Arid /semi-arid

Humid / sub-humid

Temperate / highland

Closed to open shrubland

Mixed Irrigated

35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

Arid / semi-arid

Urban area

Humid / sub-humid

Other

40°E 500 Kilometers

as stem s tio n Sy s take c u d ro stem ck P Livesto gricult ural sy s into a n part of atic c onditio ied in sif lim agro-c and are clas stoc k t ac coun feed and live m odities om of terms s; livesto ck c chnology; te e n s; rc o u ti o c s u re d nc tion ed; pro livestock fu tions; c u d ro p nd ca a lo e s ic h u p t produc ered; geogra suppo rted. ns ov area c an populatio m and hu

Temperate / highland 45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

FAO (2007)

Livestock Density

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Number per km

Sotik

<=5 ( !

( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Bomet

( ! ( !

5 - 10

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

No Observations

( !

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

( Mosora !

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

10 - 15 15 - 20

sity is ck Den s Livesto d in number re g u in s a d e m inclu stock, nd sheep, of live a goats cattle, 2 m per k

> = 20

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Wint et al (2007)

Livelihood Zones

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

( !

Sosiot

( !

Tombe

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

INDIAN OCEAN

Saosa

Kebenet

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

Nyamira

Keroka

( !

Livelihood Zones *

Sotik

Lake Victoria Fishing Zone Western Lakeshore Marginal Mixed Farming Zone ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi

Western High Potential Zone * Legend corresponds to left map

35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyansiongo

! Mosora (

Ainamoi

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

an d m plex are co o f factors. s d o o Livelih by a variety m aps d ne shape v eliho od zo areas li ic e h s p e a r h g T ly o broad ate ge deline hich peo ple ood h w li e in v h li it w to me the sa ing access d . share s inclu nd m arkets n r e tt a pa co me, in , d foo

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation:

USAID (2011)

Human Population Density

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Number of persons per km

Sotik

<=5 5 - 25 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

( Mosora !

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

25 - 50

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

lation ed n Popu Huma is the g ridd r y pe Densit of persons r e b m nu 200 5. 2 km in

50 - 250 > 250

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: CIESIN (2005)

Market Access

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Luanda ( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

Tombe ( !

Keumbu

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Travel time to nearest large town/city (Hours)

Sotik

<=5 5 - 10 ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

Road River 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

( Mosora !

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

7.5

Bomet

( !

10 - 15

Tenwek

Chemer ( ! ( ! Merigi

15 - 20 > = 20

35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Majengo

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Ulumbi

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

eas ure e is a m rmined im t l e v Tra y dete ken s sib ilit of acce e (hours) ta ntre, im ce t n e a h in t t urb neares a p opulation e th to f or e r city o town o 0 people or m of s 0 n of 50,0 ifferent mea unt) o d c c g a in (tak n into ortatio p s n a tr

45 Kilometers

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: Nelson (2008)

Poverty

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Luanda ( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Maseno

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

(! ! (

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

East Kolwa

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

Kegogi ( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

Suneka

( !

Opapo Rongo

( !

Town

Settlement

. !

( !

Sondu

Sosiot

( !

Keumbu

( !

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

( !

OCEAN

Saosa

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

Litein

Bosta

Keroka

( !

7.5

0 or missing 0 - 20 ( !

( !

Ndamichoni

Bomet

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 30

250

Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day

35°E

River

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

Corresponds to the map on the left

Sotik

( !

Road

40°E

International boundary

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Kebenet

( !

Nyansiongo

( Mosora !

Ainamoi

Chemasit

Musereita

Wetland

( !

Kapsoit

Chepsir

( !

Gucha

Kiptere

Victoria ( !

( !

Tombe

( !

Kebirigo

( !

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

Marani

Kisii

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Riana ( !

( !

Ringa

Oyugis

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

Awach Tende

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Olare

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

( !

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

0°

( !

Majengo

( !

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Ulumbi

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

20 - 40 40 - 60 60 - 80 80 - 100

45 Kilometers

500 Kilometers

ba l ed glo s truct y th at n o c t N CIE SI t s of pover tes a e data s d on estim se nt are ba ational in fa n of su b y and child lit a t r data, mo th are trition maln u ing th at bo n d a iz n recog for poverty s n ie a x pr o er th e rath welfar easu res. m direct

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: CIESIN (2005)

Conservation Areas

( !

35°E

35°30'E

Lessos

( !

Ulumbi

0°

( !

Majengo

Luanda ( !

( !

Kaptumo

Nadi Hills

( !

Kisian

( !

Kisumu

. !

Orongo

Kibos

( !

Bioye

( !

Miwani ( !

Chemelil

( !

L a k e Vi c t o r i a

Kendu Bay

( !

Kap Sarok

( !

0°30'S

( !

Homa Bay

( ! ( !

Rangwe ( !

Maram

( !

Opapo Rongo

Riana

( !

Town

Settlement

Marani

Kisii

( !

Sondu

Gucha

( !

Kapsoit

Sosiot

( !

Ainamoi ( !

Chepsir

TA N Z A N I A

Kapkewa

. Kericho !

Kapsuser

( ! ( !

OCEAN

Kebenet ( !

( !

Tombe

Ikonge

( !

Chebangang

International boundary

Litein

Keumbu

Nyansiongo Keroka

( !

Conservation Areas

Sotik

Forest Reserve Nature Reserve ( !

( !

( ! ( !

Ndamichoni

35°E

River 7.5

Tenwek ( !

( !

Chemer ( ! Merigi 35°30'E

Scale 1:750,000 15

Bomet

Scale 1:12,500,000

125

250

40°E 500 Kilometers

Corresponds to the map on the left

Bosta

( !

Nyamira

INDIAN

Saosa

Chemasit

( !

Road 0

( !

Victoria ( !

( !

! Mosora (

Wetland

Kiptere ( !

Kebirigo

( !

Musereita

Tabaka

Ogembo

. !

( !

Kadongo

Ekerengo

( !

Zacharia

Suneka

( !

Ringa

Oyugis Kegogi

( !

Ramba Centre ( !

( ! ( !

Kaitui

( !

Lake

Kapkiam! (

( !

Kusa Asawo ( Bolo ! Miriu-Nyakwere Nyabondo ! Markets (

( Kosele !

( !

Koru ( !

Awach

SOMALIA

K E N YA

Muhoroni

Fort Ternan

( !

Awach Tende

( !

Tamu

( !

Nyangweso

Awasi

( !

Ahero

Pap onditi

( !

UGANDA

Kibigori

East Kolwa

( !

Olare

Timboroa

( !

Gisambai

(! ! (

( !

Maseno

( !

ETHIOPIA

Nabkoi

( !

Pau Akuche

( !

SOUTH SUDAN

( !

Shamakhokho

0°

( !

Mudete ( Maragoli ! Vihiga ( !

0°

Jina

Kaimosi ( !

0°30'S

( !

Chavakali ( !

0°

Mbitondo

Yala

40°E

( !

45 Kilometers

Areas rvation ected areas e s n o C ot CN , en t p r repres ordin g t o I U ograph ic c e c g ted that,a ly d efin ed ded ica or ar , le d c e e iz r n l a g a o g c le e s, r ough space ed t hr n s, to g a n a a and m ective me at ion on serv eff erm c ted ot her t g n e lo cia achiev e w ith asso nd a ur of nat m services te s y s o c e . l valu e cu ltu ra

1 cm = 7.5 km

Katuk Odeyo CCAFS sampling frame

Citation: UNEP and WCMC (2012)

References and Data Sources Regional Map Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Satellite Image RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011 Annual Rainfall Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978. Annual Rainfall Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Annual Temperature Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978. Annual Temperature Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk

assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Aridity Index Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information. Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Altitude Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ďŹ lled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Landforms FAO Africover, 2002. Available at http://www.africover.org/system/metadata.php?metadataid=65 Soil Type FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. Agro-Ecological Zones Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agroecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy Landcover Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global. Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/ Landuse Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degradation Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1. LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple Length of Growing Period 2000 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

Length of Growing Period 2030 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to theDepartment for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.

University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty Conservation Areas UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK.

Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inďŹ&#x201A;uence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007. Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131. Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World. FAO, 131 pp. Livelihood Zones Livelihood Zone Products. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). Accessed at http://www.fews.net/pages/livelihoods.aspx?loc=6&l=en. Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004) Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN,

June 2013

The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address the most important interactions, synergies and tradeoffs between climate change, agriculture and food security. CCAFS is a strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl

P.Kimeli/CCAFS