300 ramanayanas

Page 1

THREE HUNDRED RAMANAYANS – A K Ramanujam “For every such Rama, there is a Ramayana.” There is a group of 10 people. A person from that group decides to narrate a story to a person privately and asks him narrate the same story to the next person in the same manner and so on. And when the chain is completed, the person asks the last person to hear the story, to come and narrate the story. Then the person narrates the story which he had narrated. Both the stories to everyone’s amazement were totally different. What created those differences is what has been hinted by A K Ramanujam in this essay by taking the example of the “Ramayana”. The essay starts by comparing the Ahalya episode written by two different writers- Valmiki and Kampan. What are common in both the stories are the relationships between the characters and the overall structure. The difference is in the weave, the texture and the colors i.e. the sequence of both the stories is different and the projection of the characters are also different. In his opinion the Kampan version of the Ahalya episode is very dramatic. Rama has been perceived differently by different poets, saints or people; henceforth their narration of the story varies accordingly. He explained this by taking the example of the Jain version of the Ramayana. In the Vimalsuri’s Jain Ramayana the main focus is shifted from Rama, to the antagonist, “Ravana”. For the Jains, Ravana is noble, learned and a devotee of Jain masters. The Jains justify his nobility by making Ravana a tragic figure. Surprisingly in this version of the “Ramayana” Rama doesn’t even kill Ravana! For different languages, the sequence in which Ramayana occurs also changes. This can be explained by taking the example of the Kannada version of the Ramayana. In the folk narrative, the story opens with Ravana and his queen Mandodari and the birth of Sita. And then the birth and adventures of Rama and Lakshmana are narrated. If there are so many variations within India itself, then if we go outside India, we meet entirely different tellings of the Rama story. One example that was taken is the Thai Ramakirti. The Thai version opens up very differently, and other instances like Sita’s birth the reunion of Rama and Sita have been modified. The Thai Ramakirti emphasizes more on the War part (Yuddhakhanda) of the Ramayana. And they are more interested in the character of Hanuman. Even the abduction of Sita by Ravana is seen as an act of love!


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300 ramanayanas by Chandra Bhanu - Issuu