RECYCLING CULTURE by charles dewanto

RECYCLING CULTURE KOTA, JAKARTA, INDONESIA

Charles Dewanto Supervisor: Dr. Martyn Hook Co-Supervisor: Louis Sauer (TBC)

CYCLE OF USE, ABUSE, REFUSE, REUSE Cedric Price

CONTENTS

1. Recycling Culture: a manifesto for an emergent culture

2. Kota: Site visit 25th June - 2nd July

3. Indonesian Cities: Current growth and developments

4. Kota: Jakarta Case Study

5. Planning the Megacity: Jakarta

6. Precedents

7. Crossing Boundaries: Interrogating Identity Politics, Power and Meanings of Built Form in Southeast Asia - Melbourne University (PHD Symposium)

8. Conversation with Prof. Ross King: Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok

9. Gotongroyong Competition: IABR and IIA

10. The Golden Triangle: New Central Business District

11. Data: Developers portfolios

12. Bibliography

1. RECYCLING CULTURE A MANIFESTO FOR AN EMERGENT CULTURE

Recycling Culture is an incentive to rejuvenate Kota Tua (a Dutch colonial city) in Jakarta. The project seeks architectural devices that able to convey subliminal message and create awareness through actions in this dilapidating site. The project emerges as criticism towards urban sprawl and southwards urban growth of Jakarta as a result of political and capitalist turmoil. Those developments of super-blocks and tabula rasa developments suggest a lack of understanding of rich cultural and historical value that this nation has. In the current context of rapid growth of Indonesia as developing country, it is an opportunity to re-introduce Kota Tua and seeks public and private partnership to resurrect the town from ruins into a vibrant hub for an emergent culture. Today, most of the area’s residents are aware that Kota Tua is deteriorating poorly. The area’s main river is polluted and full of garbage; the area’s numerous derelict buildings attract squatters and illegal activities of various types. These factors have contributed to out-migration of the resident population to less undesirable locations within Jakarta. Behind the current situation, the site has potentials with a distinct identity and character that derive from its buildings, public spaces, and location within modern Jakarta and from Kota Tua’s longstanding tradition as a cultural melting pot. Few months ago, a positive proposal from local government transformed Kota Tua into a car-free zone and tries to promote pedestrian and public spaces into Kota Tua. This project is an attempt to understand the mentality of the people towards Kota Tua as a cultural hub and Indonesia as an emerging nation. During the late 80s, Budi Lim (heritage conservationist and local architect) persuades Universal Bank to purchase historical buildings and use as its branches. Recycling Culture wanted to generate that similar approach by creating awareness through mutual benefits between public and private sectors. Recycling Culture will be divided into 2 components for revitalization of Kota Tua. First is a conceptual proposal where the project tries to create visionary ideas of what the site could become. This approach is a catalyst to create consciousness and discussions which hopefully materialize as positive actions into Kota Tua. Second component is a 1 to 1 intervention through collaborative design based workshop between local universities and RMIT. This aims to create awareness for future generations within academic institutions and collaboration between locals and internationals are able to create diverse body of work that can be beneficial for the future of Kota Tua.

Charles Dewanto, June 2009

2. KOTA SITE VISIT: 25TH JUNE - 2ND JULY

AGENDA

1. Day vs Night obeservation Check in at The Batavia Hotel

2. Budi Lim (Budi Lim Architects) Interview of Kota Tuaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s future

3. Susinety Prakoso, Head of Architecture Department (UPH University) Invitation for a design workshop with RMIT

4. Danang Priatmodjo, Senior Lecturer (Tarumanegara University) Invitation for a design workshop with RMIT

6. Fatahillah Museum, Ceramic Museum Museum visit

7. Site mapping Sketches and photography

8. Melissa Febriani (major project student) site visit Site research on squatter settlements 9. Party

3. INDONESIAN CITIES CURRENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTS

JAKARTA METROPOLITAN AREA AERIAL VIEW

RASUNA EPICENTRUM SUPERBLOCK IN GOLDEN TRIANGLE

CONSUMERISM THEMATIC SHOPPING MALLS

4. KOTA: JAKARTA CASE STUDY DATA AND MAPPING

Sunda Kelapa Dock

Ancol theme park

Soekarno Hatta Airport

56 54

41 65

42 33

69 73

77 22 75 18

11 08

Old Chinatown precinct

Monas Monument Golden Triangle

Fatahillah Square, heart of derelict town The Jakarta Post | Sat, 04/18/2009 1:44 PM | City At the heart of the Old Town area, lies Fatahillah Square, a 1.5-hectare plot of land in front of the Jakarta Historical Museum. In September 2007, the city administration began its Old Town revitalization program by restoring Fatahillah Square, but not much face-lifting has been done since then. The square is still a hub for people going to the Old Town area. Many only identify the Old Town with the areas nearby the square, discounting Sunda Kelapa harbor in North Jakarta and Pekojan area in West Jakarta. This comes as no surprise, since the square is pretty much the only decent place for people from all walks of life to hang out. Families, heritage lovers, budding photographers, students and lovers flock to the square especially at the weekend. Museums around the square, although boasting interesting collections, are less popular than the square itself. The city administration has tried to coax investors into revitalizing the area by restoring close to 200 rundown yet historical buildings. However bad traffic, smelly rivers and a number of seedy spots in Old Town have deterred big money from coming there. But the flock that does come to the square shows the Old Town has not lost its charm.

Tree for kids: A visitor sits his two kids on a tree branch in front of Fatahillah Square so they can play with other children. (JP/PJ Leo)

Steal the game: A group of children play soccer in Fatahillah Square. Many children take advantage of the square to play sports, due to lack of open-air playgrounds in the city. (JP/PJ Leo)

Mulai Hari Ini, Kota Tua Bebas Mobil Lindungi Bangunan Kuno Warta Kota/Pradaningrum

SENIN, 20 APRIL 2009 | 07:27 WIB PALMERAH, KOMPAS.com — Mulai Senin (20/4) ini, sejumlah jalan di kawasan Kota Tua, yakni Jalan Pos Kota dan sebagian Jalan Kali Besar Timur 3 serta Jalan Kunir, ditutup bagi kendaraan bermotor. Penutupan ini berlaku permanen, artinya selamanya. Keputusan ini diambil bukan karena masalah kemacetan, tapi lebih pada usaha penyelamatan kawasan. Beban lalu lintas di kawasan ini harus mulai dikurangi untuk mengurangi getaran pada bangunan tua. Selain itu, juga sebagai upaya menyatukan kawasan Museum Sejarah Jakarta (MSJ) dan Taman Fatahillah dengan Museum Seni Rupa dan Keramik. Penutupan jalan yang sudah sekitar empat bulan lalu diusulkan Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT) Kota Tua ini juga menciptakan udara yang lebih bersih di Taman Fatahillah dan sekitarnya. ”Penutupan ini untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pengunjung di kawasan Taman Fatahillah. Juga menyatukan kawasan yang selama ini dibelah oleh Jalan Pos Kota. Lihat kan, Museum Keramik sepertinya terpisah dari museum yang lain,” ujar Kepala Bidang Teknis Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan Dishub DKI Muhammad Akbar kepada Warta Kota, Minggu (19/4). Dari pengalaman Warta Kota, Jalan Pos Kota tak pernah sepi kendaraan. Kendaraan seperti memacu kecepatan di jalan ini. Alhasil, untuk menyeberang dari Taman Fatahillah ke Museum Seni Rupa dan Keramik atau sebaliknya sungguh bikin repot. Untuk Jalan Kali Besar Timur 3 dan Jalan Kunir, Dinas Perhubungan (Dishub) DKI hanya menutup sisi selatan, yakni jalan yang berdekatan dengan sejumlah bangunan tua bahkan bersentuhan dengan Taman Fatahillah. Dengan penutupan tersebut, lanjut Akbar, maka kendaraan dari arah Jalan Kali Besar atau Jalan Kopi yang akan memutar ke arah Jalan Pintu Besar Selatan atau ke arah Manggadua/Ancol diarahkan untuk melewati Jalan Kali Besar Timur 3 dan Jalan Kunir di sisi utara—tidak menusuk ke tengah dan tidak menuju ke Jalan Pos Kota. Selanjutnya masuk ke Jalan Ketumbar, Jalan Lada, dan masuk ke Jalan Lapangan Stasiun (ke jalan di depan Stasiun KA Jakartakota) . Untuk sementara, mobil bisa diparkir di sekitaran kawasan yang ditutup. Tapi, Wali Kota Jakarta Barat Djoko Ramadhan beberapa kali mengatakan, parkir kendaraan untuk kawasan Taman Fatahillah akan ditempatkan di satu kawasan lain. Dengan demikian, pengunjung ke kawasan itu semua berjalan kaki. Secara terpisah, Kepala UPT Kota Tua Candrian Attahiyyat mengatakan, usulan untuk menutup Jalan Pos Kota saja ternyata malah diperluas hingga ke Jalan Kali Besar 3 sisi selatan dan Jalan Kunir sisi selatan. ”Mudah-mudahan dengan begitu makin mengurangi tingkat polusi di kawasan ini. Dengan demikian makin bikin kenyamanan pengunjung dan yang jelas mempertahankan bangunan tua dari getaran kendaraan yang terusmenerus,” katanya. (Pradaningrum Mijarto)

April 3, 2009SHARE THIS PAGE Joe Cochrane The Solution: Aims of the Latest Master Plan For Rohadi KS, the first memory of Jakarta after he moved to the city as a child in 1950 was a horse-drawn tram that carried passengers around the former Dutch colonial area surrounding the old town square, Taman Fatahillah. That’s understandable. Rohadi had spent 12 days walking to the capital from Central Java Province with his parents, who settled in the old quarter and sold hot coffee in the square. Now 66 years old and still living in the neighborhood, Rohadi’s seen it all: the trams switching from horse-power to steam engines before disappearing altogether, the hawkers being banned from the square as part of a beautification campaign, the buildings crumbling over the years. He says he understands that it’s all about progress, but if that’s the case, then someone has dropped the ball on longstanding plans to give the area a dramatic economic and cultural face-lift. “I love this neighborhood so much, I’ve been here so long,” says Rohadi, a former policeman who’s now a caretaker at the square. “I want to see it developed and rebuilt … but every government office has a different agenda.” Or a lack of any agenda. Successive city administrations, at least since the early 1990s, dove into the thorny issue of saving Old Town, or Kota Tua, and came out with scratches. The task seemed too daunting and too expensive, and no city leader has ever mustered enough political courage to pull the trigger. “They’ve been talking about this for a lo-o-o-o-ng time,” says Mohammad Danisworo, who has advised five separate Jakarta governors on plans to preserve the historic area. “There’s a lot of talking and no conservation.” One can understand Danisworo’s sarcasm. The chairman of the Center for Urban Design Studies in Bandung, West Java, he has been consulted on nine separate master plans for Old Town. He’s not sure of how many plans are floating around, however; there may be more. But there may be hope. Danisworo’s current boss, Jakarta Governor Fauzi Bowo, who himself has a background in urban planning, has possibly gone further than any previous city official in trying to save Kota Tua from history’s graveyard. “It’s part of the history,” Danisworo says of the historic neighborhood. “Jakarta is 500 years old.” The problem, as Danisworo sees it, is that the vast majority of the city’s residents would rather let Old Town fade away. “The lower-income people don’t care about this. It’s an isolated location, traffic is bad, sanitation is bad, it floods sometimes.” To change their minds, not to mention create a buzz among potential investors, city bureaucrats and local residents, an outside-the-box approach was needed. It began while Fauzi was deputy to former Governor Sutiyoso. Since taking office in 2007, Fauzi has kept and updated the latest master plan for the area, a copy of which was shown to the Jakarta Globe. The plan is currently being reviewed by the West Jakarta mayor’s office, since four of the five zones being targeted for revitalization lie in West Jakarta. One of Fauzi’s senior staffers said he may publicly endorse the master plan this month or next, but the governor, who has personally seen other efforts implode, remains cautious. “I will have to study it carefully,” he told the Jakarta Globe during an interview at his home. But Fauzi, who grew up playing in the shadows of Taman Fatahillah as a boy, soon betrayed his deep feelings when asked about what a new Kota Tua could mean for the capital. “I feel sad sometimes if I witness some of the heritage being damaged by irresponsible parties, but I know that damage can also be caused by natural factors, like some of the buildings being broken by age,” he said. “[Kota Tua] is something that nobody has in this area, in Southeast Asia, maybe in all Asia. But we have it. This is of tremendous value. “It is a long-term vision, but you have to start right now.” Calling the new plan ambitious is an understatement: a massive historical conservation and economic revitalization program in an 845-hectare protected area consisting of the five zones — Taman Fatahilla, Sunda Kelapa port, Chinatown, the old Arab quarter of Pekojan and a new office/residential development within Glodok that would serve as an economic anchor for the district.

Imagine rancid-smelling canals and potholed roads with no sidewalks being replaced by quaint, tree-lined pedestrian streets and small parks, shops, wine bars, boutique hotels, office space in renovated Chinese-style warehouses and trendy apartments inside restored Dutch colonial buildings. Imagine perhaps the finest stretch of preserved colonial-era architecture in Asia growing out of the ruins of Kota Tua. Imagine millions and millions of dollars in tourist revenue and thousands of new jobs. Fanciful as it sounds, there’s growing optimism among conservationists, local government officials, the area’s businesses and local residents that with proper care, the entire Kota area could become a vibrant economic hub and tourist attraction. The central premise of the new master plan, which the city feasibly could begin implementing this year, is that simply turning decaying buildings into more museums or planting trees near the Cafe Batavia restaurant isn’t enough. “A heritage project is not just for preservation, but for economic preservation. It’s not just the preservation people talking; we have to bring in the economic people,” says Catrini Kubontubuh, executive director of the Indonesian Heritage Trust. Ro King, chairwoman of the Indonesian Heritage Society, says Jakarta must learn from places such as the colonial city of Williamsburg, in the US state of Virginia. What started in 1926 as a modest conservation campaign to save crumbling 18th century homes and buildings by a local pastor and business tycoon John D. Rockefeller Jr. evolved into one of the state’s top tourist destinations. “To have sustainable heritage, you’re going to have to find a way to make money out of it,” King says. “Williamsburg is a money-spinner.” The cultural and economic opportunities in Kota Tua, sadly, were lost on countless city government and tourism officials over the years, who stood by while buildings wasted away or were torn down and replaced by shopping malls, says Budi Lim, a Jakarta-based architect and conservation activist. “The government doesn’t know anything about conservation,” he says. “They started a destruction process instead of revitalization because they didn’t know what to do.” A way forward There’s widespread agreement among city officials and conservationists that Taman Fatahillah will remain the heart of Kota Tua. Among the ideas being floated to improve the square include the introduction of “creative” industries — arts, traditional weaving, an outdoor theater for cultural performances and even a branch campus of the Jakarta Arts Institute. Other historical enclaves, such as Chinatown temples, old mosques in the Arab quarter and the ruins of the Kasteel Batavia fort near Sunda Kelapa, will be promoted, as well as other cultural aspects of each zone. The colonial buildings, streets and neighborhoods surrounding Taman Fatahillah, heading northwest across the Kali Besar canal, and south toward Chinatown, will be devoted to a mixture of residential housing, retail stores, restaurants, markets and office space to ensure the area is self-sustaining, according to the current master plan. Without an economic base, activists warn, Kota Tua would revert to being a ghost town at night once the tour buses roll away, and its current seedy after-dark reputation would remain. According to Candrian Attahiyyat, head of the master plan’s technical implementation team, city residents currently have the impression that the area is “crowded, congestion everywhere, not safe, slum areas, vehicle traffic just passing through.” The ambitious new plan, which has yet to be formally unveiled, doesn’t yet have a price tag but the costs undoubtedly would have to be borne by a partnership between government and the private sector, city planners say. A comprehensive approach is clearly needed, one that has the support of business leaders, politicians and residents. The physical makeover will only be half the battle, however. According to urban planners, conservationists and property developers, the city administration must either rewrite or draft new zoning and land use regulations for the 845-hectare conservation area so that local residents and investors can renovate historic buildings for use as stores, homes and restaurants, and do so affordably. “The idea is to make incentives and remove disincentives to cultural preservation,” says Ade Tinamei, a senior urban designer at the design studies center in Bandung. Adds Danisworo, the center’s chairman: “The master plan must have clear guidelines for investors to come in. They have not drafted it yet.”

The city administration will have to consider what kind of businesses can set up shop in the five protected zones, how many foreign companies will be invited in and how to ensure that local shopkeepers are not driven away by high rental prices. While a revitalized Kota Tua would be an international tourist attraction — like Georgetown in Penang, Malaysia — the majority of visitors would nonetheless be Indonesians, and development must suit their tastes first. “Do [planners] want a Starbucks in the middle of a historic town?” asks Masanori Nagaoka, a program specialist with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, or Unesco, office in Jakarta. “If they think it will work, yes. It’s up to the people living there.” Administering Change Given the skepticism that the city administration can handle such a colossal project, some urban planners and activists are suggesting the creation of an autonomous governing body for the protected area’s five zones, which would be responsible for services such as security, sanitation and public works, as well as approving development projects and building permits for owners and investors. The body would report directly to the governor, bypassing government bureaucracy and limiting corruption opportunities. “You cannot go through this the normal way and time is running out,” says Marco Kusumawijaya, an urban planner and chairman of the Jakarta Arts Council. “The government doesn’t have the money to go it alone, the laws are bad and there are no incentives for the [building] owners.” Jakarta native Ella Ubaidi, who owns a decaying, late 19-century shop-house just off Taman Fatahillah, dreams of a district similar to the old town area of Pasadena, California, where she used to live. “There are shops, boutiques, young and old people,” says Ubaidi, a leading activist in Kota Tua. “Is it possible to turn this area into a live place instead of dead buildings?” Dead buildings. That’s another can of worms, not to mention a potential deal-breaker. At least 22 historic buildings located in prime commercial areas around Taman Fatahillah are owned by various state-owned companies, but ultimately are the property of the Ministry of Finance. Current state regulations severely restrict leasing them out for commercial use. “The problem starts with the state-owned buildings,” Lim says. “It’s crazy. At least 80,000 square meters left empty.” Adds Governor Fauzi: “If I can only have the MOU [memorandum of understanding] with the State Ministry for State-Owned Enterprises, and if they can only give me the rights and the free hand to develop it and preserve it, I think there will be a lot of change in Kota Tua.” Sofyan Djalil, the minister for state-owned enterprises, says he supports any efforts by the city to revitalize Old Town, but that the ball is in Fauzi’s court to submit a detailed MOU on the use of the buildings. “From our side, we don’t have any problem if the local government wants to buy or lease them, especially the abandoned ones,” Djalil says, adding that state-owned trading company PT Perusahaan Perdagangan Indonesia owns most of the historic buildings and land in the area. Aji Damais, a retired city cultural official who says he has been consulted on 10 separate master plans for Kota Tua, suggests some radical thinking. In the crumbling old town of Havana, Cuba, he says, the city rented out historic buildings for $1 a year, which enabled local residents to keep living and working there, but also brought in hordes of new investors. “That’s the way to do it; not having a bureaucratic hassle,” he says. “Imagine having state-owned enterprises trying to open hotels.” Experts say a public-private partnership is the only feasible way forward for the governor’s master plan, with the city providing incentives, easy regulations and new infrastructure, and investors doing the rest. Public-private partnership So far, the most successful example in Jakarta of a public-private partnership in conservation — in fact the only example — occurred with the National Archives Building, or Gedung Arsip, near Glodok. The building, which dates back to 1760, was the country estate of the Dutch governor-general of Batavia. By the mid-1990s, it was in disrepair and was rumored to be destined for the wrecking ball in favor of a shopping mall. The Dutch business community raised $3 million to restore it. Today it’s a museum and events center managed by a private foundation that raises money for operations, upkeep and renovations. It has hosted around 390 weddings, and, last month, a dinner for US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.

“We have just started our 11th year and we have not received a single rupiah [from the government],” says Tamalia Alisjahbana, the foundation’s executive director. “We are not tied up by bureaucratic regulations.” For now, anyway. Inexplicably, the central government has tried to change that, and risks setting a disturbing precedent. The National Archives had tried to prevent their lease from being renewed, until President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono intervened. In 2005, the Ministry of Finance demanded that all the foundation’s proceeds be forwarded to the Treasury, and that it submit a yearly budget request through the National Archives. The foundation is fighting the order, arguing it would “make us bureaucrats,” Alisjahbana says. Building owners, conservationists and residents of Old Town are hoping for friendlier policies from the central and city governments for leasing and restoring historic buildings owned by the state. “They must get together and create a special regulation so they can open up these buildings,” Alisjahbana says. Local historic building owners, noting that restoration costs are extremely high, say the ball is in the government’s court. “Everyone is waiting for a move by the government to say it’s safe to put your money in Kota,” Damais says. The next move Whether it’s optimism or wishful thinking, such a move could happen later this year. Fauzi must first publicly endorse the project, which would be followed by some small infrastructure projects to get the ball rolling, such as blocking the streets leading into Taman Fatahillah from the Bank Mandiri Museum building and diverting the traffic to the west. “That is the biggest problem we need to solve. We should exclude Kota Tua from through traffic, which means rerouting all the traffic,” the governor says. “And we can only do it, because this is a big undertaking that needs a lot of money, a lot of investment. I believe that we can only do that if we can work together with the private sector.” A second project could be dredging the canals in Kota Tua and ensuring a clean flow of water, which the West Jakarta mayor’s office estimated would cost Rp 60 billion. But urban planners and activists are warning against trying to put a price tag on the entire revitalization, which could take up to 20 years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars. “It’s a process. It’s pointless to put a price on it,” Lim says. “I believe in the snowball effect.” It’s an odd metaphor in an equatorial city that rarely sees even a cool breeze. But fair enough, all it takes now is for someone to toss the snowball before it melts.

INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN JAKARTA PROPOSALS FOR HIGH DENSITY HOUSING

JOSEPH PINE PROGRESSION OF ECONOMIC VALUE

JOSEPH PINE AUTHENTICITY IDEA

108 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Figure A2.1: Location of Kota Tua within Greater Jakarta

Point of Kota Tua Jakarta Source : URDI 2007.

Figure A2.2: Historic Photographs of Kota Tua

Sunda Kelapa Port

Pecinan

Kali Besar

Glodok

Source: URDI 2007. Adapted from various sources.

Pintu Besar Selatan

Kota Intan Bridge

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 109

Figure A2.3: Kota Tuaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Evolution

Jayakarta 1618 Jayakarta ( Jayawikarta) Center of culture and activities along river estuary Warehouses of English and Portuguese Center of empire of Jayakarta

Jayakarta 1619 Batavia Bumihangus Jayakarta Fortress of the Dutch Housing for Dutch traders

Batavia 1627 Extension of fortress

110 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Batavia 1635 Straightening of Ciliwung river Ciliwung river ďŹ&#x201A;ows through city canals Jayakarta Kingdom situated on the edge of Ciliwung river Resident and follower of king moves to southland

Batavia 1650 Town enclosed by fortress (copying Amsterdam) Canals and roads/streets form a grid

Batavia 1772 Fortress of Batavia is broken down Some canals are ďŹ lled up Batavia 1780

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 111

Batavia 1853

Figure A2.4: District Map of Kota Tua

Source : URDI 2007.

Batavia 1897

Source : URDI 2007.

Figure A2.5: Map of Kota Tua Based on Its Morphology

112 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Source: DKI 2007.

Figure A2.8: Housing and Settlement Condition in Kota Tua, Jakarta

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 115

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 117

Figure A2.9: Map of Building Factions in Kota Tua

Source: Dinas Tata Kota 2007.

Source: Town Planning OfďŹ ce (DKI) 2007.

46. Bangunan Langgam Cina 47. Gereja Katholik Santa de Fatima 48. Pasar Glodok 49. Gedung Tjandranaya 50. Gedung Arsip Nasional

43. Masjid Jami An Nawier 44. Masjid Jami Al Anshor 45. Masjid Jami Al Anwar

38.Bangunan Langgam Cina 39.Bangunan Langgam Cina 40.Masjid Jami Tambora 41.Masjid Kampung baru

31.Masjid & Rumah Makan Keramat Luar Batang 32.Pasar Ikan 33.Museum Bahari 34.Pasar Heksagon 35.Kompleks Gedung Panjang 36.Menara Syah Bandar

Figure A2.10: Name and Location of Urban Heritage Buildings

1.Dep. Perdagangan 2.Museum Fatahillah 3.KantorSwasta 4.PT. Kaliroit 5.PT. Astra 6.Bank of America 7.Kantor 8.Kantor 9.Kantor 10.PT. Cipta Niaga 11.Rest. Fatahillah 12.Gedung Mabes Polri 13.Kantor Pos 14.Museum Keramik 15.KantorSwasta 16.KantorSwasta 17.Museum Wayang 18.Bank Ekspor Impor 19.Pink House 20.Bank Dagang Negara 21.Bank Indonesia 22.Kantor 23.Bank Exim 24.Sta KA Jakarta Kota 25.KantorSwasta 26.Dealer Daihatsu 27.KantorSwasta

118 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

120 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Figure A2.11: Technical Condition of Heritage Buildings

Good Condition Heritage buildings in good condition are located in Fatahillah (Kampung Bandan, Fatahillah, Stasiun Kota), Pecinan (Pasar Pagi, Pintu Besar Selatan, Pinangsia), and the revitalization zones of Tambora and Glodok. Moderate Condition Heritage buildings in moderate condition are located in Sunda Kelapa (Kampung Luar Bandan) and on the western side of the Jembatan Lima revitalization zone. Poor Condition The relatively few heritage buildings in poor condition are located on the west side of the Jembatan Lima and Fatahillah (Roa Malaka and Kampung Bandan) revitalization zones. Source: URDI, with data from DKI Jakarta, 2007.

Penjaringan

Pademangan

Taman Sari

Tambora

963 7,471

2,048

Tambora

Pekojan

3,233

Glodok

Roa Malaka

3,948

–

3,728

Pinangsia

Keagungan

3,427

Wells/ Water Pumps –

4,524

Individual Connections* 3,902

Ancol

Penjaringan

Subdistricts

* Provided by local water company (Perusahan Daerah Air Minum [PDAM]). Source: Statistical Ofﬁce of the Province of Jakarta 2004.

Districts

No.

Table A2.1: Households Classiﬁed by Water Source as of 2004

–

Wells

1,318

107

512

2,306

–

6,452

Hydrants*

Bought from Water Vendors from

8,789

1,070

2,560

3,281

6,254

3,813

–

14,403

Total

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 123

Source: DKI Jakarta 2007.

Figure A2.13: Kota Tuaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Bodies of Water 124 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

126 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Figure A2.14: Kota Tua’s Drainage Infrastructure

Source: DKI Jakarta 2007.

Figure A2.15: Jakarta’s Flood-Prone Areas Areas with High Risk of Flooding

Source: Ministry of Public Works, Jakarta.

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 127

Figure A2.16: Jakartaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Potential Flood Areas

Source: Ministry of Public Works.

Figure A2.19: Kota Tua’s Existing Network Road

Source: Town Planning Ofﬁce (DKI) and URDI 2004.

132 Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia

Table A2.2: Issues and Problems Facing Kota Tua Aspects

Issues

Problems

Physical – Environmental

1. How to maintain old buildings in a tropical climate 2. Absence of solid waste management system

1. 2. 3. 4.

Sociocultural

1. Kota Tua is Jakarta’s multicultural melting pot. 2. Rich urban heritage and cultural traditions 3. Strong living heritage, particularly among Chinese traders and Bugis ﬁsherman 4. Public trust low due to social and political trauma resulting from previous ethnic violence.

1. Dilapidated buildings occupied by squatters and other illegal occupants. 2. Area currently associated with informal and illegal activities, slums, a high crime rate, and an uninviting social environment.

Economic – Financial

1. Kota Tua once the center of commerce and ﬁnancial activity. 2. Land taxes high, no incentives to invest

1. Modern development toward the south of Kota Tua has absorbed new investment and diverted it away from Kota Tua. 2. Land values in adjoining areas more reasonable and consistent with investor expectations.

Legal – Institutional

1. Kota Tua located 1. Administrative within two coordination municipalities: North insufﬁcient Jakarta and West 2. Restrictive building Jakarta bylaws 3. Land ownership issues 2. Kota Tua is not under a single administrative body; hence, governor of Jakarta must step in

Dilapidating buildings Poor air quality Area prone to ﬂooding Canals ﬁlled with residue and garbage

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 133

Aspects

Issues

Problems 3. Special urban management issues still to be recognized in legal, institutional, and regulatory framework 4. Governor’s political will not yet translated into action by two municipalities in charge of Kota Tua’s administration.

Accessibility and Attractiveness

1. Land for parking and road widening unavailable, which complicates private motorized transport. 2. Worsening trafﬁc congestion.

1. Trafﬁc mainly generated by retail activities in neighboring area. 2. Undesirable heavy vehicle trafﬁc generated by smallto medium-scale warehouses and domestic seaport activities. 3. Poor pedestrian facilities 4. Attractiveness reduced by competing new developments south of Kota Tua where more land is set aside for parking and wider roads.

Source: URDI 2007.

program for Kota Tua, which was subsequently supported by Jakarta Old Town Kotaku, a private advocacy foundation in existence since 2004. Governor Sutiyoso’s program was more comprehensive than those that preceded it in that it pursued an integrated approach involving numerous local government agencies.6 6

Critics of this revitalization program were quick to point out that “…except for the results of the excavation of an old tram line, and the refurbished square in front of the museum,” ( Jakarta Post 1 October 2007) the program has achieved few concrete results owing to its lack of a well-articulated vision for Kota Tua.

Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study 135

Figure A2.21: Jakarta’s Proposed Pattern of Development as per the 1996–2010 Spatial Development Plan

Source: Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta 1999.

Figure A2.22: Land Use Patterns as Envisaged by Three Kota Tua Revitalization Plans

DTK DKI 2005

URDI DTK 2004

Source: Town Planning Ofﬁce (DKI) 2007.

PSUD DTK 2007

JAKARTA (SUNDA KELAPA) ORIGINAL SETTLEMENT MAP 1619

JAKARTA (BATAVIA) 1757

JAKARTA (BATAVIA) DUTCH CITY WALL 1812

JAKARTA 1985

Batavia 1619 - 1942 Port city Colonial hub

Jakarta 1942 - 1972 Sukarno - National Identity (1945 - 1967) Suharto - Modernization (1967 - 1998)

Jakarta 1972 - 2008 Primate City (1945 - 1990s) Golden triangle (1990s - present)

Jakarta 2009 - Future Democratic (2004 - present) Bundled deconcentration (1973 - present)

SITE 1: KOTA TRAIN STATION SEASONAL MIGRATION

SITE 2: FATAHILLAH MUSEUM SQUARE PUBLIC SQUARE

SITE 3: KOTA PEDESTRIAN ZONE PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE

SITE 4: KALI BESAR CANAL BOULEVARD

SITE 5: HERITAGE VALUE REVITALIZATION PLANNING

SITE STUDIES: CONNECTOR PARKS PUBLIC PARK

SITE STUDIES: KOTA TUA EXISITING CONDITIONS

5. PLANNING THE MEGACITY JAKARTA IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

6. PRECEDENTS

Budi Lim & Associates VMr. Budi Lim is a chartered architect and urban designer with special interests in conservation and restoration. He studied and worked in England in the 70’s and early 80’s. In 1984 he returned

During the late 80’s, he persuaded Universal bank in Indonesia to purchase many old buildings and conserved them to be used as their branches. Mr. Lim to Jakarta to start his own practice – PT. Budi Lim Architects.

was the 1998 recipient of the Indonesian Eisenhower Exchange Fellow and the 2001 winner of the Excellent Award at UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage Award s for his restoration work of Indonesia’s National Archive Building.

7. CROSSING BOUNDARIES: MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY - PHD SYMPOSIUM

8. CONVERSATION WITH PROF. ROSS KING (01/06/09) KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA - BANGKOK, THAILAND

9. GOTONGROYONG COMPETITION TBC (TRANSITORY BLOCK CONDITION)

TBC: Transitory Block Condition Segitiga Emas area 6°13'12.54"S, 106°49'46.14"E

502358

Site Contents

n HR Jala

Said una Ras

aya id R Mesj nan dure n Pe Jala

1:2000

Transitory conditions

TBC

TBC (Transitory Block Condition) is a proposal for a ‘3rd condition’ that act as revival of gotongroyong culture. TBC seeks surviving urban behaviours of gotongroyong such as sharing, friendship, and ethicality and intervening through architectural devices at multiple scales. Idea of ‘transitory’ has become an urban situations that are contained within two extreme conditions of superblock developments and dense urban fabric. TBC seeks elements within neighboring conditions of oportunistic urbanism and thematic environments and simulate them as a formula for the 3rd condition. TBC has evolved into 5 explicit public spaces that deal with specific conditions within each context. This proposal is an ongoing simulations and observations as strategic formula for an emerging gotongroyong culture.

TBC: Transitory Block Condition Segitiga Emas area 6°13'12.54"S, 106°49'46.14"E

502358

Urban laboratories TBC_01 - Hub

TBC_02-03 - Education - Cultural

This vantage point has become a hub for public events. Seemless road surfaces into public space is important simulating a gotongroyong culture

In between the 2 interventions there is an open p carpark p that acts as flexible event space. Interrelationship between 2 TBCs complementing one another. For example, children can use the art facilities while the artist can help teaching the children

TBC_05 - Shared space

TBC_04 - Commercial The e ‘wrap’ green hills is a gotongroyong infrastructure. The wrap is separating commercial and public space, but interaction in between through contour still maintaining m

This shows example of gotongroyong by sharing space between carparking and outdoor hawker. Minimal interventions from ground markings to green boundaries able to maximize the use of space by activities scheculed through time

Site strategies

TBC_04 TBC_03 TBC_02 TBC_05

TBC_01

Site is contained within 2 extreme conditions, the site seeks new urbanity to revive gotongroyong culture

Vantage points along intersections are assigned for TBC proposals

Network is established in between. Interaction are encouraged to promote gotongroyong culture

Infiltrations from surrounding urban conditions are emerging gotongroyong culture

Extension off TBC_02 C and TBC_03 C act as a bridge combining the two. New facilities are able to support bigger community outside the block

C Commercial activities infiltrate f into TBC C at this stage. S Setbacks ffor green space and pedestrian access is emphasised in between the commercial blocks to promote active street activities

Final development off TBC C are multi-family f residential units. Growth of TBC from the edge boundaries into central block creating a layered developments of gotongroyong community

Future urban growth

Public park is proposed first f in between TBC_03 C and TBC_05. C The rate of vegetation growth are calculated to complete in time with TBC future developments

Transitory scenario The highlighted time log between users shows specific moments where collective interactions can be studied and updated into TBC developments

01 02

0800

TBC_05

TBC_03

0900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

TBC_01

Budi male 35 yrs TBC Street vendor Bakso

Citra female 24 yrs Musician Violin

Charles male 8 yrs Nursery children Basketball

Rahmad male 42 yrs Rasuna employee Accountant

TBC_02

TBC_02 TBC_04

TBC_03

TBC_04

TBC_01

TBC_05

01 PLAY: public furnitures vs urban parasites free flow circulation is important to simulate interactions and chance in a gotongroyong culture

elevated park

dangdut stage

vendor area

carparking

02 TBC_03: Cultural precinct A wall instead infused with cultural programs such as museum, galleries and an auditorium

FENCE ENC

POLICE OLIC

TBC urban map

superblock developments

public events

art & culture

market

local precedents

street vendors (PKL)

GOLDEN TRIANGLE

TBC

dense urban fabric

light vehicles

laneways activities

Cultural precinct

Multi-family housing (promoting family values)

Ruko (house-shop hybrid)

Innova (family car)

Blok M market

Busway Salihara gallery

Dufan, Ancol

WALL WAL

PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA INFORMAL MICRO ECONOMY

Cultural precinct

Multi-family housing (promoting family values)

SPark_06 - Forest

? public events

work

art & culture

SPark_05 - Hawker

street vendors (PKL)

superblock dvlpment

rest

SPark_04 - Commercial

future urban growth market

GOLDEN TRIANGLE

OPPORTUNISTIC

SURVIVING GOTONGROYONG CULTURE

TRANSITORY CITY

local precedents

SUPER PARK

PLAY dense urban fabric

light vehicles

laneways activities

Busway

SPark_01 - Culture

Innova (family car)

Salihara gallery

Dufan, Ancol

Blok M market

Cilandak Town Square

SPark_02 - Children

SPark_03 - Bazaar

Tatiana Bilbao, an Early Urban Advocate, Seeks an Inclusive Audience By Russell Fortmeyer

Architect Tatiana Bilbao will be the first to tell you her projects don’t address the urban problems of her native Mexico City. With a population of nearly 20 million, the interrelated issues of housing, transportation, and, perhaps most important, water infrastructure pose significant challenges. “Our generation is getting a lot of opportunity

to build large-scale projects with people who are interested in architecture,” Bilbao says, “but we are not working with the government on anything.” Bilbao studied the urban realm early in her career when she conducted research for Mexico City’s Urban Housing and Development Department. “In Mexico, the production of space is mostly by the people; there is no planning at all,” Bilbao says. By 1999, she had grown frustrated with her inability to accomplish anything but research and struck out to form an architecture firm, LCM, with a friend returning from practicing in the Netherlands. Then, in 2004, she formed her own practice, Tatiana Bilbao/mx.a, and with three other architects, set up a separate collaborative urban research studio to continue her interests in urbanism.

10. THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE NEW CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT

JAKARTA GOLDEN TRIANGLE Sudirman, Gatot Subroto, Rasuna (Kuningan) 1:5000 charles dewanto s3106153

THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE FIGURE GROUND

Agnes Winarti , THE JAKARTA POST , JAKARTA | Thu, 02/12/2009 11:37 AM | City

A study says superblocks in Jakarta violate spatial planning regulations, increasing the risk of land subsidence in the capital. Conducted by a team of researchers on architecture, city planning and real estate, the study said the massive development of the superblocks had reached an alarming state, where many of the properties were built with building floor coefficients (KLB) two to four times the standard. The Tarumanegara University team studied the development of shopping centers in Jakarta over the last 40 years, between 1965 and 2005. In the past decade, shopping centers have been built in clusters in Mangga Dua, Kelapa Gading, the Hotel Indonesia traffic circle, Blok M, Senayan, Tanjung Duren, Puri Indah and Casablanca, research team head Suryono Herlambang said. “Developers now tend to develop large-scale properties like superblocks to keep up with the fierce competition,” he told a Wednesday seminar about super development at the university. “We find that some of these so-called super developments have exceeded by twice to even four times the KLB as regulated in the city’s spatial planning.”

The KLB is the standard for a building’s total maximum size allowed to be constructed on an area. A 1-millionsquare meter building can be built on 10 hectares of land area with a KLB of 10, while a developer with a KLB of only 4 must have 25 hectares of land. The 2005 detailed district spatial planning and the 2010 Jakarta spatial planning regulate the standard coefficient in most commercial areas should be between 4 and 5. In reality, many developments reach KLBs of 8 to 13. The team said such excess could increase the risk of land subsidence. Data from the mining agency shows land in Jakarta subsides 1.4261 centimeters every year, 17.5 percent of it due to groundwater consumption and 82.5 percent due to the weight of buildings on the land. The team released a list of 11 developments that exceeded the limit. PT Lippo Karawaci, developer of St. Moritz Penthouses and Residences in Puri Indah, West Jakarta and Kemang Village in South Jakarta, said the study was inaccurate. “We never exceeded the coefficient. We don’t know how the university collected data for the study.” Danang, head of Lippo corporate communication, said.

Handaka Sentosa, CEO of the Agung Podomoro Group, the developer of Senayan City and Kuningan City, said his company had never exceeded the coefficient, and questioned the measurements made in the study. “They only used data from building sketches, but they didn’t perform any field research,” he said, adding that no researcher had contacted him for the report. Ciputra Group director Artadinata Jangkar said, “The measurement of the coefficient is complicated. Besides, there’s a regulation that if developers wish to add coefficient, they have to pay an official fine.” Herlambang admitted that exceeding the coefficient was not necessarily a violation because developers were permitted to pay to get an official additional coefficient. “But is the administration sufficiently prepared with the infrastructure to support the super developments?” he said. To date, he went on, the administration had not provided adequate and comfortable public and social facilities, including roads or integrated mass transportation. Due to the difficulty of reaching developers, Herlambang performed the research by searching data of area and space width from the developers’ official websites, promotional brochures and media publications. “I assume developers are fully responsible for the information they publicly announce,” he said. City planning board (Bapeda) head Nurfakih Wirawan said, “We are considering increasing the coefficient standard at certain locations with high accessibility in the spatial planning of 2010 and 2030, which is currently under discussion.” (hwa)

JAKARTA PUBLIC TRANSPORT PROPOSALS MRT - SUBWAY- BUSWAY - METRO MINI

TRANSJAKARTA CURRENT BUS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

KUNINGAN CITY SUPERBLOCK IN GOLDEN TRIANGLE

RASUNA EPICENTRUM SUPERBLOCK IN GOLDEN TRIANGLE

SCBD SUPERBLOCK IN GOLDEN TRIANGLE

11. DATA DEVELOPERS PORTFOLIO

a leap to success Laporan Tahunan 2007 Annual Report

struktur perusahaan corporate structure PT Bakrieland Development Tbk General Meeting of Shareholders

PT Elangparama Sakti

99.99%

PT Elangperkasa Pratama

99.99%

PT Citrasaudara Abadi

99.99%

PT Villa Del Sol

99.99%

PT Puri Diamond Pratama

99.99%

PT Krakatau Lampung Tourism Development

90.00%

PT Graha Andrasentra Propertindo

99.78%

PT Bakrie Swasakti Utama

PT Bakrie Nirwana Semesta

95.85%

99.99%

PT Bumi Daya Makmur

99.99%

PT Superwish Perkasa

99.99%

PT Bakrie Infrastructure

99.99%

PT Bali Nirwana Resort

27.00%

PT Sanggraha Pelita Sentosa

99.52%

PT Graha Intan Bali

99.00%

PT Samudra Asia Nasional

99.99%

PT Dutaperkasa Unggullestari

65.00%

PT Mutiara Permata Biru

99.00%

PT Bakrie Pesona Rasuna

98.80%

PT Rasuna Caturtama Corpora

90.00%

PT Rasuna Residence Development

98.80%

PT Libratindo Gemilang

99.99%

PT Berkah Puhu Lestari

99.99%

Bakrieland â&#x20AC;˘ Annual Report 2007

117

Pendapatan Bersih | Net Revenues (dalam jutaan rupiah | in million rupiah)

782,106 Jumlah Aktiva | Total Assets

600,000

(dalam jutaan rupiah | in million rupiah)

5,708,016

800,000

6,000,000 400,000 5,000,000 200,000

4,000,000 3,000,000

0 03

2,000,000

1,000,000

Laba (Rugi) Bersih | Net Proﬁt (Loss) (dalam jutaan rupiah | in million rupiah)

0 03

07 250,000

Ekuitas | Stockholders’ Equity

200,000

(dalam jutaan rupiah | in million rupiah)

134,185

5,000,000

4,132,832

150,000

100,000

4,000,000

50,000

3,000,000

2,000,000

1,000,000

0 03

Kontribusi Pendapatan | Revenue Contribution

16%

2007

2006

26%

66%

75%

Real Estat | Real Estate Perkantoran & Pusat Perbelanjaan | Ofﬁce Building & Shopping Center Hotel & Resor | Hotel & Resort

Bakrieland • Annual Report 2007

kredit properti (KPR) dari bank-bank umum baik swasta maupun BUMN untuk sektor perumahan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. • Pusat Perbelanjaan: Pertumbuhan subsektor pusat perbelanjaan atau shopping center telah mengalami kenaikan yang cukup besar sejak tahun 2000. Di Indonesia, khususnya Jakarta, bertumbuhnya minat masyarakat terhadap pusat perdagangan modern merupakan faktor utama dari bermunculannya banyak mal-mal dan pusat perbelanjaan di Jakarta. Di samping itu, pemain ritel lokal juga makin bertambah banyak seiring dengan perbaikan iklim usaha di dalam negeri. Namun demikian lebih besarnya pertumbuhan penawaran dibandingkan pertumbuhan permintaan, diperkirakan dapat membuat tingkat hunian rata-rata pusat perbelanjaan di Jakarta memiliki kecenderungan untuk menurun. Tetapi kondisi ini relatif tidak berpengaruh bagi pusat perbelanjaan yang memiliki lokasi yang strategis.

state-owned, for this sub-sector is expected to increase further.

• Shopping Centers:

The growth of Shopping

Center sub-sector was quite signiﬁcant since the year 2000. In Indonesia, particularly Jakarta, the public’s increasing interest on modern trading centers is one main factor that had driven the growth of malls and shopping centers. In addition, local retail players also increased in number, stimulated by the recovery of the business climate in Indonesia. However the fact that growth in supply is more rapid than growth in demand, would certainly cause a decreasing average occupancy rate of shopping centers in Jakarta. Nevertheless this condition has no signiﬁcant effect to shopping centers that are strategically located.

Kinerja Unit Usaha

Business Unit Performance

Secara keseluruhan, selama tahun 2007 kinerja unit usaha mengalami pertumbuhan yang sangat signiﬁkan,

Overall, during 2007, the performance of business units grew at signiﬁcant level, both in terms of revenue

baik dari segi pendapatan maupun laba operasi. Hal ini mendorong kinerja keuangan secara konsolidasi di tahun 2007 jauh lebih baik dari tahun 2006.

and operational proﬁt. This condition has driven the consolidated ﬁnancial performance to be higher than that of the year 2006.

Selama tahun 2007, penjualan, laba usaha dan laba

During 2007, the Company’s revenue, operating

bersih Perusahaan meningkat secara signiﬁkan. Pencapaian ini didukung oleh tumbuhnya aktiva dan

profit and net profit increased significantly. Such an achievement was a result of an increase in the

ekuitas Perusahaan serta rendahnya net gearing ratio.

Company’s asset and equity as well as the low net gearing ratio.

Penjualan (Rp miliar) Revenue (billion IDR)

Laba Bersih (Rp miliar) Net Proﬁt (billion IDR)

Laba Usaha (Rp miliar) Operating Proﬁt (billion IDR)

Margin Laba Usaha (%) Operating Proﬁt Margin (%)

18.7% 782.1

200

800

600

136.2%

170.5 150

98.5%

72.2

150

15%

100

10%

134.2

100

400

393.2

20% 18.4

98.9%

2006

21.8

200

67.5

200

2007

Bakrieland • Laporan Tahunan 2007

2006

2007

2006

2007

2006

2007

ikhtisar saham stock highlights

Kronologi Pencatatan Saham | Stock Listing Chronology Tanggal Date

Saham Terakumulasi Accumulated Shares

Nominal Terakumulasi (Rp) Accumulated Nominal (Rp)

Pra Penawaran Umum Saham Perdana | Pre Initial Public Offering

12 October 95

240,000,000

Penawaran Umum Saham Perdana | Initial Public Offering

13 October 95

350,000,000

120,000,000,000 175,000,000,000

Penawaran Umum Terbatas I | Rights Issue I (1:3)

15 September 97

1,400,000,000

700,000,000,000

Penawaran Umum Terbatas II | Rights Issue II (1:3)

22 November 05

5,600,000,000

1,120,000,000,000

Penawaran Umum Terbatas III | Rights Issue III (2:5)

17 April 07

19,600,000,000

2,520,000,000,000

Pelaksanaan Waran | Warrant Issuance

1 November 07

Saham Ditempatkan & Disetor Penuh | Issued & Paid Up Shares

31 December 07

19,621,889,800

2,522,188,980,000

Kinerja Saham | Share Performance (Rp)

700 600 500 400 300 200 100

Tertinggi | Highest Terendah | Lowest Penutupan | Closing

0 Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Harga Saham | Stock Price (Rp)

Dec

Perdagangan Saham | Stock Trading

Tertinggi Highest

Terendah Lowest

Penutupan Closing

Volume

January

250

179

205

545,216,647,500

2,574,932,000

February

265

205

235

780,717,220,000

3,246,260,500

March

255

205

230

358,902,467,500

1,561,992,000

April

275

210

240

478,474,587,500

2,016,594,500

May

320

225

315

3,102,343,567,500

11,227,274,500

June

345

300

330

1,332,894,852,500

4,158,363,500

July

530

325

490

3,467,216,177,500

8,158,684,000

August

485

335

395

2,654,487,475,000

6,287,694,000

September

530

385

530

2,523,890,620,000

5,431,093,500

October

680

530

590

2,903,157,765,000

4,906,580,500

2007

Nov

November

630

540

610

2,820,807,090,000

4,809,600,500

December

680

600

620

1,295,018,520,000

2,011,269,500

Bakrieland â&#x20AC;˘ Laporan Tahunan 2007

PT Lippo Karawaci Tbk Indonesiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Premier Real Estate Company

Lippo Karawaci in Brief - Shareholders & Business Structure Σ of Outstanding Shares : 17,302,151,695 Lippo Related Companies (24%)

China Resources (Holdings) Co., Ltd. (13%)

CP InlandsimmobilienHolding GmbH (CPI) (7%)

Public (56%)

Property arm of Austria Raiffessien Bank (RZB)

Recurring Revenue

Development Revenue Urban Devt.

Large Scale Integrated Devt.

Lippo Karawaci–pg.22 Lippo Cikarang–pg.22 Tanjung Bunga–pg.22 San Diego Hills Memorial Park–pg.22

City of Tomorrow–pg.24 Kemang Village–pg.25 St. Moritz–pg.26 The Trillium at Simprug

Retail Malls

Healthcare

Hotels & Hospitality

Siloam Hospitals–pg.34 Pejaten Village–pg.29 Semanggi Specialist Mall at Kuta Beach, Clinic in Bali–pg.30 Strata-titled Malls–pg.51

Aryaduta Hotels–pg.36 Town Mgnt. Services, Leisure & Restaurants

Property & Portfolio Mgnt. REIT & Mall Management – pg.37

Biggest & Fastest Growing Property Company The largest listed property company in Indonesia by market capitalization (Rp 12.1 tn)1 0.8% of JCI, 20% of Property Sector1 (top 30 in market cap) Included in LQ45, Jakarta Islamic Index and MSCI Global Standard Indices2 1

As at 30 Sep 2008 Nov 2008

225

MARKET CAP (Rp bn) Grew by almost 4X in the last 3.5 years 11,938

12,112

2007

30 Sep 08

6,282 5,132

3,333

2004

2005

2006

Biggest & Fastest Growing Property Company Revenue

Total Revenue (Rp bn)

1,673

1,502

2,005

1,905

2,264

2,091

700 527 592 434

Large Scale Integrated Devt.

Development Revenue

502

Retail Malls

405 491

360 520

218

385

385 41%

176

104

‘03

‘04

Town Mgnt & Fee based

51%

50%

41%

43%

148

573

487

439

Hotels & Hospitality

700

627

Healthcare

Recurring Revenue

50%

57%

59% Urban Devt.

49%

964 59%

213

232

242

126

167

214

217

‘05

‘06

’07

’08F

210

Biggest & Fastest Growing Property Company First Amongst Equals

Rp mn

Revenue

2,500,000

EBITDA Margin

1,500,000 1,000,000

500,000 2005

2006

2007

LPKR (Lippo Karawaci)

1H08

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 2005

2006

ELTY (Bakrieland Development)

2007

80%

20%

35%

80%

Recurring

85% 65%

49%

0% ELTY

Source : Macquarie research

2007

1H08

Hotel/Healthcare

60%

Industrial

40%

Retail

20%

Office

Development

Residential

0% LPKR

2006

Asset Breakdown

60% 40%

2005

100%

15% 51%

1H08

CTRA (Ciputra Development)

Revenue Breakdown 100%

Net Profit Margin

35 30 25 20 15 10 5 -

2,000,000

CTRA

LPKR

ELTY

CTRA

Biggest & Fastest Growing Property Company Most diversified projects in strategic locations PHILIPPINES THAILAND PACIFIC OCEAN Grand Palladium Medan MALAYSIA Binjai Supermall Aryaduta Hotel Medan SINGAPORE Aryaduta Hotel Pekanbaru

MALUKU SULAWESI

PAPUA NEW GUINEA

KALIMANTAN

IRIAN JAYA

Tanjung Bunga Township GTC Makassar City of Tomorrow, Surabaya JAVA Siloam Hospitals Surabaya Malang Town Square

INDIAN OCEAN

EAST TIMOR

Mall at Kuta Beach, Bali Siloam Hospitals Bali

PROJECTS IN GREATER JAKARTA JAVA SEA

WEST JAKARTA

N AUSTRALIA

NORTH JAKARTA CENTER OF

St. Moritz JAKARTA Aryaduta Hotel Siloam Hospitals Lippo Karawaci Township Kebon Jeruk Aryaduta Hotel & Country Club WTC Matahari The Trillium at Simprug Siloam Hospitals Lippo Karawaci Metropolis Town Square

Royal Serpong Village

SOUTH JAKARTA

BANTEN PROVINCE

Kemang Village

Lippo Cikarang

San Diego Hills

Memorial Park EAST Township JAKARTA Siloam Hospitals Lippo Cikarang

Urban Development Large Scale Integrated Development Retail Malls Healthcare Hotel & Hospitality Toll Road

Pejaten Village

WEST JAVA PROVINCE Depok Town Square Bellanova Country Mall Puncak Resort

Biggest & Fastest Growing Property Company First Amongst Equals %

ROE

ROA

10.00 8.00

20.00

6.00 4.00

10.00

2.00 -

2005

2006

2007

1H08

-49.00 -10.00

1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 -

2006

2007

1H08

LPKR (Lippo Karawaci) ELTY (Bakrieland Development) CTRA (Ciputra Development)

Market Cap

US$mn

2005

1,388

777 285

LPKR

Source : Macquarie research

ELTY

CTRA

Our Distinctive Strengths 3

A Pioneer & Leader amongst Developers First “green” developer in Indonesia & pioneering township

Residential in Lippo Karawaci Town - 47,000 jobs - Urban Forest – 27,000 trees, 2000+ annual planting - Potable Water from our water treatment - Sewerage – piped to treatment plant, recycled for irrigation & other usage - Flood-free

Our Distinctive Strengths 3

A Pioneer & Leader amongst Developers Unique projects San Diego Hills Memorial Park (a first in the world)

Tanjung Bunga Township (only integrated community devt. project in East Indonesia)

“The first and the only memorial park in the world that offers family center” (The Wall Street Journal, 15 Feb 2007)

Our Distinctive Strengths 3

A Pioneer & Leader amongst Developers Award winning 2005 Euromoney Real Estate Award : Best Developer in Indonesia & #9 in Asia Pacific Region

2006 IMAC Award : Best Developer

2006 Indonesia Property Watch Award : Golden Project Achievement “Developer with the most complete facility”

2007 Euromoney Real Estate Award : Best Developer in Indonesia

2006 Investor Award : Best Indonesia Listed Property Co.

2008 Euromoney Real Estate Award : Best Developer in Indonesia

Urban Developments LIPPO KARAWACI

LIPPO CIKARANG

TANJUNG BUNGA

Jakarta East

Makassar, South Sulawesi

Jakarta West

51.33% ownership z z z z z z z

Development Rights : 3,163 ha Acquired Land : 1,305 ha Available Landbank : 333 ha Homes built : 9,124 Population : >50,000 Jobs : 47,000 100 km roads built, > 55,000 trees planted, 21% green space

z z z z z z z z

Development Rights Acquired Land Available Landbank ¦ homes built Population Jobs ¦ of factories Global “Names”

50.30% ownership

Residential : 1,586 ha : 1,424 ha : 729 ha : 7,500 : 25,000 : 7,000 : : -

Industrial z Development Rights 834 ha z Acquired Land 766 ha z Available Landbank 101 ha z ¦ homes built z Population z Jobs 58,000 510 Kymco, Toshiba, Proton, Mitsubishi, Danone

: : : : : :

1,000 ha 632 ha 344 ha 2,041 5,000 5,000

SAN DIEGO HILLS MEMORIAL PARK & FUNERAL HOMES

Karawang, West Java

z Master Plan z Acquired Land z Available Landbank z Launch z Sold (Jan’07-Sep’08)

: 500 ha : 125 ha : 107 ha (+ 14 ha family center and lake) : Jan 2007 : Rp 104 bn = 37,058 sqm (9,686 units)

Large Scale Integrated Development Supporting Factors :

MAP OF JAKARTA JAVA SEA

z Many strategic sites available for

new CBDs NORTH JAKARTA

z Affordable land price

Area : 14,220 ha Population : 1.1 mn Av.land price : Rp 3-8 mn/sqm

WEST JAKARTA Area : 12,615 ha Population : 1.6 mn Av. land price : Rp 3-6 mn/sqm

z Sizeable population z Good upside potential for buyers

CENTER OF JAKARTA Area : 4,790 ha Population : 0.8 mn Av. land price : Rp 5-6 mn/sqm

CBD

z Green development possible

Av. land price : Rp 15-20 mn/sqm

EAST JAKARTA Area : 18,773 ha Population: 2.1 mn Av. land price : Rp 1.5 – 5 mn/sqm

SOUTH JAKARTA

BANTEN PROVINCE

Area : 14,573 ha Population: 1.7 mn Av. land price : Rp 3-10 mn/sqm

WEST JAVA PROVINCE

Toll Road Source : Statistics Jakarta 23

Large Scale Integrated Development CITY OF TOMORROW – A New Chapter Surabaya, East Java The Aryaduta Residences

University Building

Land size : 2.6 ha Construction progress as of 30 Sep 08 : Strata Mall : 100% Condominium : 100% Office : 80% Hotel : 50% Jakarta Surabaya

Sold 92% = Rp 136 bn

6 Office Towers Saleable Area : 13,193sqm Est. Rev. : Rp 100 bn

The Aryaduta Hotel 5-star 6 of room Est. Rev.

Strata Mall

: 245 rooms : Rp 30 bn p.a.

Sold 95% = Rp 405 bn

Artist’s Impression

Large Scale Integrated Development TIFFANY

CBD Area

KEMANG VILLAGE

- A Landmark Project -

40-storey 205 units

RITZ 43-storey 190 units

South Jakarta (2007 – 2014)

COSMOPOLITAN

KEMANG VILLAGE 40-storey; 254 units

South Jakarta Sold 15% Rp 93 bn

Condominium

As of 30 Sep 2008 EMPIRE

KEMANG CITY

PHASE 3

Land size : 2.3 ha

25-storey 277 units

Sold 87% Rp 364 bn

Land size : 3.7 ha

International School

Sold 89% Rp 338 bn

Aryaduta d Hotel

Sold 77%

325 rooms

Rp 230 bn

Shopping Mall 6-storey, 200 units

Land size GFA Launch

: 8.8 ha : 500,000 sqm : 28 Jul 2007

Payment Profile : - 40% Installment - 32% Mortgage - 28% Cash

Large Scale Integrated Development ST. MORITZ - The New Crown Jewel -

65-storey building consists of : - Aryaduta Hotel (500 suites) - Office

CBD West Jakarta (2008 – 2015)

Presidential Suites 140 units

Royal Suites Ambassador Suites

220 units

134 units

Convention Center Siloam Hospitals

International School

Mall

Sold 64%

Spa

Sold 69%

Sold 25%

Rp 168 bn

Rp 70 bn

Sea World

Rp 240 bn

Club House

Wedding Chapel

Land size GFA Launch

: 11.4 ha : 1,000,000 sqm : August 2008

Payment Profile : - 19% Installment - 61% Mortgage - 20% Cash

Artist’s Impression

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Silver C, (2008) Planning The Megacity: Jakarta in The Twentieth Century, Routledge, New York 2. Gehl J, Gemzoe L (2000) New City Spaces, Danish Architectural Press, 2nd ed., Copenhagen 3. Tainter J (1990) The Collapse of Complex Societies, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (England), Melbourne 4. Van Susteren A (2004) Metropolitan World Atlas, 010 Vitgeverij 5. Beyer E, Hagemann A, Rieniets T, Oswalt P (2006) Atlas of Shrinking Cities Hatje Cantz Publishers 6. Brown S (2009) Play: How It Shapes the Brain, Opens the Imagination, and Invigorates the Soul, Penguin Group, New York 7. Davis M (1992) City of Quartz: Excavating the Future of Los Angeles, Vintage Books, London 8. Sugiantoro (2008) Revitalization of Historic Inner-City Areas in Asia: The Potential for Urban Renewal in Ha Noi, Jakarta, and Manila, Appendix 2: Jakarta Case Study, viewed 3 May 2009, <http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/revitalization-inner-city/appendix2.pdf> < http://www.adb.org/Documents/Reports/revitalization-inner-city/default.asp> 9. The Jakarta Post (Sat, 18 April 2009 1:44 PM) Fatahillah Square, heart of derelict town, viewed 13 May 2009 < http://www.thejakartapost.com/ news/2009/04/18/fatahillah-square-heart-derelict-town.html> 10. Pradaningrum M (Mon, 20 April 2009 | 07:27 WIB) Mulai Hari Ini, Kota Tua Bebas Mobil: Lindungi Bangunan Kuno, Kompas.com, viewed 13 May 2009 < http://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/xml/2009/04/20/07274065/mulai.hari.ini. kota.tua.bebas.mobil> 11. Cochrane J (3 April 2009) The Solution: Aims of the Latest Master Plan, Jakarta Globe, viewed 13 May 2009 < http://thejakartaglobe.com/justAdded/the-solu tion-aims-of-the-latest-master-plan/271649> 12. Edelmann F (2008) In the Chinese City: Perspectives on the Transmutations of an Empire, Actar, Barcelona 13. Blau E, Rupnik I, Harvard Graduate School of Design (2007) Project Zagreb: Transition as Condition, Strategy, Practice, Actar, Barcelona