CHEN CHEN Work samples Selected works 2018-2022 Harvard Graduate School of Design Email : chen_chen@gsd.harvard.edu
INTERACTION Landscape architecture is my tool to understand the world. It is also a bridge for integrating Human society and Nature ultimately. I did five projects to explore the interaction of different fields between Human Society and Nature.
Nature
Human society
Human society material base
Nature material base Land
Food
Human Sociaty
Step2-Four quadrants Nature
Building
Water
Traffic Human sociaty material base
Interaction
Nature material base
Physical
Human society energy cycle Nature energy cycle
Step1-Two axes
Machine
Virtual/ Living Cultural and spiritual fields
Nature life
Division of labor Culture
Step3-Development energy flow Human society energy cycle
Nature enegy cycle
Light
Physical Virtual / Living
Microorganism
Plant Animal
Memory Imagination
Food Building Traffic Machine
Energy
Land Water Air Light
MicroLabor organism Culture Economy Plants Memory Animal Imagination Energy
01
Economy
Step4-Specific field
Air
Cultural and spiritual fields
Nature life
Mine
Mine
Fish
Fish
Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
Agriculture
Mine Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture
Mine
Mine Fish
Fish
Wuxi
Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
Agriculture
02
Agriculture
Fish
Agriculture
Agriculture
Food
CONTENTS
Fish Bee
Mine
Mine
Fish Wuxi
01
Mine
Wuxi
Land Water
01 BRING PARK SKY VIEW Studio Project / Individual work
Light Labor
Mine
Mine Fish
Fish Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
02 Waste Reuse & Lagoon Agriculture
Agriculture
Imagination
GSD Core studio / Individual work Mine
Mine
03
04
Food
Mine Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture
Fish Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Land
03 INTEGRATIVE FOOD SYSTEM IN URBAN
Water
Fish Wuxi
Competition /Group work, My part: Master plan, Site design, Model, Drawing
Bee
Machine
Agriculture
Culture
Fish
Fish Wuxi
Mine
Traffic
Mine
Mine
Fish Wuxi
Plants
Plants Energy
04 MINE RECOVERY
Mine
Mine
Fish
Fish
Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
05
Food
Mine
Studio Project / Group work, My part: Strategies, Two sites design, Logic Fish
Wuxi
Water Mine Fish
Mine Mine
Wuxi
Fish
Bee
Wuxi
Agriculture
Bee Agriculture
Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture
Mine
Memory
Fish
05 RECONSTRUCTION OF GRAND CANAL WHARF Wuxi
Agriculture
Bee
Agriculture
Graduation Project / Individual work
Culture Mine
Mine
Fish Wuxi
Bee
Fish
Mine Fish
Wuxi
Wuxi
Bee
Bee
Agriculture
Agriculture
02
1 BRING PARK SKY VIEW Individual work July 2019 Instructor: Shunyao Hu Location: Chicago, United States Size: 0.63ha
Make use of the site sky view
Chicago, located in Illinois, USA, is a typical, highly urbanized modern city. The average height of the buildings is 130 meters. People can rarely see the sky landscape. I found that a beautiful sky view was reflected in the building's facade. The building was on the east side of the site. I planed to use terrain and plants to block the disturbance of surrounding buildings. Thus people could enjoy the large image of the sky above the green land.
03
CHICAGO PROBLEM--- Supper tall building + Hyper-density building = Little sky landscape
OPPORTUNITY--- The site plaza provides a good view of the sky
Supper tall building analysis
Site surrounding buildings analysis
450m
North 0
350m
Court
250m 7
43
31
150m 50m 0m
Hyper-density building analysis 90m
Shopping
Shopping
30m
78
Large sky view
View blocked Site Goverment office
252
Call for sky!! Can't stand living between tall buildings.
Building Shooting point
Shopping
Company
Shopping
109 116
Theater
School
13
6
22
4
Site shooting point
Theater
190
Section line
Little sky landscape
Theater
Bank
Goverment Bank office
Baby care center
Site Sight analysis
Use the mirror reflection of the building
169m
175m
122m
106m
105m Site
90m
63m
24m
View blocked 0
43
Large sky view 78
109116
View blocked 136
190
224
252
317
04
CONCEPT---Create pure sky view without disturbance of the buildings
Physical disturbance
Step1
Building B
Reflect disturbance Mirror
STRATEGY
Building A
MODEL PROCESS Building B reflection
Building B
Find the suitable viewpoint without the disturbance of BuildingB and C reflection
Step1
Building A Serve as mirror
Building D
Viewpoint
Building C
Building C
Building C reflection
Step2
Step2 Original view from the viewpoint
Use terrain and plants to block the reflection of Building D Building D
Building A Serve as mirror
Step3 Block Viewpoint Building D
Step3 Remove buildings disturbance
Use terrain and plants to block the physical image of Building B and C
Building B
Step4
Building C
05
MASTER PLAN
MODEL
13
11
9
12 10
8 7
Legend 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
6 2
Outdoor theater Lookout platform Corner Entrance Plaza Open lawn Grass slope Still water pool Fountain Square Mirror Water curtain wall Picasso statue Vertical greenery viewing area Lights water falling Commercial square
4
5
1
3
N
0
5
10
20
40(m)
06
SKY VIEW
07
07
Waste
2 WASTE REUSE & LAGOON AGRICULTURE Individual work December 2021 Instructor: Alex Wall
Location: Saugus, MA, United States Sea level rise
Waste is always assumed as useless and polluted, and sea-level rise is labelled as another troublesome issue. However, if we create new links between the two negative things, can we make something positive? Sealevel rise shapes a new type of land, named lagoon. It is a land covered by a thin layer of water. Lagoon losing its original function requires a new chance for reproduction and revival. If more waste is recycled, new material, such as compost soil and building material, can be produced and be helpful in the lagoon transformation. My two sites can show as an example of this connection.
08
How waste relate to lagoon?
09
Origin site1 0.1 0.05
0
0.1
0.2
Origin site 2 0.3
0.1 0.05
0.4 Kilometers
¯
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 Kilometers
¯
Toxic flying ash Waste
Electric power
Incinerator
Ash transport
Birds habitat lost
Ash bury
Legend
Legend
Risk
Risk
Toxic flying ash Polluted run-off
Legend
Sea storms challenge
Risk
Pollution leaching
Polluted run-off
Ash Staging Area Legend
Legend
Polluted run-off
Gas Vent
Sea storms challenge
Marsh
Pollution leaching
Grassland
Sea storms challenge
Legend Structure and vegetation Clay Cover Area Risk
Risk Toxic flying ash Polluted run-off Sea storms challenge Pollution leaching Structure and vegetation
Legend Risk
Marsh Structure and vegetation Tidal inlet Clay Cover Area Toxic flying ash Sea level Ash Staging Arearise Polluted run-offMarsh inundation process
Slurry Wall
Ash Staging Area Slurry Wall Gas Vent Marsh Grassland
Sea level rise Legend 0 ft_normal
Risk
Pollution leaching Marsh and water River Structure and vegetation Ditch Clay Cover Area
Risk Toxic flying ashTidal inlet 0 ft_tidal zone Polluted run-off
Marsh inundation process Sea storms challenge 1 ft_normal Pollution leaching
Marsh and water Structure and vegetation
Marsh inundation process
Sea storms challenge River Pollution leaching Ditch
Marsh Ash Staging Area Slurry Wall Gas Vent Sea level rise Marsh
0 ft_normal
Slurry Wall
Legend Risk
0 ft_normal
Legend Risk Tidal inlet
PollutedMarsh run-offand water
Clay Cover Area
Legend Sea storms cause
Marsh inundation process
Toxic flying ash
Structure and vegetation
Risk leaching problem Toxic flying ash
Tidal inlet
Legend
Marsh and water River
Risk Tidal inlet
Ditch
Marsh inundation process
Marsh
Gas Vent Marsh
0 ft_tidal zone Marsh and water
Grassland
1 ft_normal
Tidal inlet Sea level rise Marsh inundation process 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone Marsh and water
River Ditch Marsh
Sea level rise
Sea level rise 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone 1 ft_normal
10
Rice-fish Agriculture area
Compost & recycle center and new bird habitat
Site2 Proposal
Site1 Proposal
0.1
0.05
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.1
Kilometers
0.05
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4 Kilometers
Oganic waste and C&D waste
Food for community
Compost soil and C&D materials recycle center
Mound
Soil and building matirial placing
Compost and building materials transport from site1
Greenhouse
Transport to site2
Birds habitat
Soil lab
Breakwater
Legend
11
Watercourse
Pond
Restaurant
Mound
Road
Warehouse
Sea level rise 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone 1 ft_normal
Legend Tree
Shellfish
Soil placing
Grassland
Greenhouse
Run-off collection
Road
Proposal workflow Site 1 Shellfish
Site 2 Bird Bird’s food
Bird’s food
Bird’s food
Original birds habitate
Sea sediment capture in tidal zone
Wild habitate
Salt marsh (origin)
Habitate transfer
Protect landfill edge
Thicken soil
Sea level rise
Compost & CD material recycle center
Shellfish
Lagoon
Compost and Building material
Oyster shells building material
Greenhouse soil lab Adjust more productive soil
Build mound to divide ponds Compost as fertilizer
C&D material
Rice-fish ponds
Organic waste Rice stalk
Food
Food
Community consumption Demolish flooded buildings
Community
12
“From Waste to Food” System
Site1 Site2
Legend Main transportation route Transportation route Garbage collection point N
Food market Restaurants area
13
Material transport between two sites Site1
Compost soil and C&D materials recycle center
Soil transport
Soil placing
Greenhouse
Flower planting
Shellfish marsh
Mix compost soil and salt marsh soil to make rice growing soil
Build material
Compost
Sea sendiment
Compost
Compost
Compost
Covering liners Ash Solid waste Covering liners
Use compost as fertilizer
Compacted clay liner
Use building material to make mound and breakwater
Site2
Shellfish and Migratory fish shelter
Waterbreak
Rice-fish pond
Salt marsh (sand,silt, clay, rootlets) mix with Compost
Canal
Mound
Rice-fish pond
Fertilizer (compost) Drainage gate
Aggregates, stone, Rock recyle mix with Shellfish Mud flat (laminated mud, lenticular bedding)
Mound
From salt marsh layer
Cross-bedding
Rice stalk back to make compost
14
Compost and recycle site1 phases
Protected edge
Compost soil placing
Bird habitat
Protected edge with shellfish
Birds habitat Resist to sea storm
Resist to sea storm
2040-Future
Remove oyster-shell to protect edge
Capture sea sediment
Shellfish
Use soil to cap landfill Remove oyster-shell to protect edge
Incinerator close
2030-2040
Soil placing
Capture sea sediment
Shellfish
Compost soil Ash bury
2021-2030
Capture sea sediment
15
Shellfish
Compost and recycle site1 phases
16
Rice-fish Agriculture site2 phases
Sea level rise 2ft to 4ft
Medium: Rice and brackishwater fish ponds
Deep water: Saltwater fish and shellfish ponds
2050-2070
Food
Sea level rise 1ft to 2ft Medium water: Rice and brackishwater fish ponds
2030-2050
Shallow water: Rice ponds
Sea level rise < 1ft Salt marsh protection
2021-2030
Dunes and plants add the sediment
17
Rice-fish Agriculture site2 phases
18
Who use the land? Origin
Site1 1
Proposal 1.Truck driver
1.Truck driver
2.Incinerator worker
2.Compost & recycle center worker
3.Landfill capping worker
3.Greenhouse manager
Site1 1
2
Labor
4.Soil lab researcher 5.Bird habitat manager
2
6.Shellfish manager 7.Farmer 8.Warehouse manager
3
4 1
9.Agricultural Sales Administrator 10.Chef and waiter
Public
2.Greenhouse picking 3.Bird watching
Site2
Legend:
Site2
4.Fresh fish and shellfish restaurant
Bird
Song sparrow
Song sparrow
Yellow-rumped warbler
Yellow-rumped warbler
American robin
American robin
Red-tailed Hawk
Red-tailed Hawk
Herring gull
Herring gull
European Starling
European Starling
American Black Duck
American Black Duck
White-throated sparrow
White-throated sparrow
Canada goose
Canada goose
Labor amount: 0-20 people
19
6
1.Soil public education
1.Salt marsh tour
1
50-200 people
0-20 people
1
7
4 10
9
8
Bird amount for 30 days in November 2021:
Public participants weekly: 20-50 people
2
5 3
3
20-50 people
50-200 people
0-5 birds
5-10 birds
10-20 birds
Who own the land?
$ $ $ $
$
No need to rebuild birds habitat
$
$
$
$
State government gain money State government lose money RESCO gain money RESCO lose money
Compensate site1 bird habitat State Government
Pay for material
$
Rent fish rice ponds to farmers
RESCO (private company)
$
Pay land rent
$
Community Garbage disposal fee
$
Compensate farmers for allowing birds to eat fish
20
Site1- Landfill remediation using compost
21
Site2- Evolving productive ponds working with sea level rise
2
3 INTEGRATIVE FOOD SYSTEM IN URBAN -Floating Food Island Group work December 2020 Instructor: Fang Wei, Jing Zhao Location: Shanghai City, China Site Size: 16.24ha
Integrate food networks on the viaduct systems
Much food waste is caused by the separation of rural and city, including transportation energy consumption, packaging consumables, low waste recycling rate, etc. Thus, building a food system in a city became a logical need. Besides, the expansion of transportation space in modern cities had caused unnecessary waste of land resources. Combining the two problems, I superimposed food networks on the viaduct systems. In Traffic roundabout, I designed to build threedimensional farms.
23
SEPARATION OF URBAN AND RURAL AGRICULTURE
Worldwide Population & Food consumption Distribution
Urban Sprawl & Rural Cropland Reduce
More than 55% people live in urban area
Urbanized Area
China 60% urban population
Nantong City
2010
2020 Ch
2000
Shanghai 89% urban population
gming Dist on
t ric
1990 Agriculture Area
24.92%
1990
2000
2010
About 80% Food is consumed in urban area China 82.3% self-sufficiency
2020 1h traffic circle
Shanghai 30% self-sufficiency
Shanghai Urban and Rural Cropland condition -2020
shan Distri ao
ct
B
Changshu City
0.5h traffic circle
FOOD LOSS&WASTE
ENERGY&RESOURCES WASTE
0.95%
6.06%
9.5 billion tons
100% will be needed
M
Food production consume 30% of the world’s available energy
ong Distric ud
14.78%
ang Distr i inh
ct
pu Distri c ing Q
35% increased
t
P
Suzhou City
7 billion people Need
ing Distric iad
t
J
By 2050
Save and Feed extra people
t
1.43%
Food loss cause 40% of the energy consumption of food production
80% ENERGY
20% - 32% FOOD
is wasted outside farm
is lost
2016
2019
38.6%
2013
J
Consumption
Retail 10.9%
Population Density
2010
Process 15.8%
2285
2307
2233
2098
2197
2052
2013
1961
1928
Cropland
Daily food waste production in Shanghai tons /day 2005
Jiaxing City
Transportation 13.9%
7-9%
Legend Cropland Yield(2020)
Production 20.8%
Consumption
Retail
17.42%
1-3%
Process 3-6%
5-8%
4-6%
Transportation
Production
12.64%
t
han Distric ins
gxian Distri en
ct
F
9.56%
10 times energy was consumed to create 1 units of food Package
More than 500,000 t wasted annually
Gas
About 97,000 tce annually
Road
About 131km food miles in average
24
FRAMEWORK Reason
Existing Problems
Opportunity Urban Viaduct Systems
Possible Usage Syntheses Education
High Transit Damage Food Loss&Waste
Separation of Urban and Rural Agriculture
Research Vacant Roundabouts
Low Recycling Rate
Storage
Unware of Saving Food
Recycle
Package Wastage Energy&Resource
Production
Linear System
Gas Consumption
Fast transportation Negative space
Road Occupation
STRATEGY
OPPORTUNITY
Urban Viaduct Systems
3 Urban Food Networks
Possible Usage
Vacant Roundabouts
Systheses
Education
Research
Production
Recycle
Storage
Green Netwo Different roundabouts
Linear System
No-touch picking experience
Transportation network
Supply fresh supermarket
Fast Transportation
Rainwater collection system
Negative space
25
Linear planting
Slow system
Strategy
Result
3 Urban Food Networks
Proposed Benefit
Work Flow Availability
Transportation Network
Vegetable
Consumer Food system
Master plan
Production Green Network
Accessibility
Activity Syntheses roundabouts
Food waste reuse Recycle Network
Awareness
Site plan
Water reuse
Floating Food Island
Solar energy
Transportation Network
Sustainability
Work Flow Sale point Transport
UVA pickig
Supply line
Shopping APP Transport
ork
Vegetable harvest
Traffic transit
Fresh supermarket
Transport
Consumer
Dining
Manage Storage toundabout
Green way
Transport
Roundabout Participate Agricultural planting
Residents Migrant workers Voluntary Agency
Goverment
Enterprise
Garbage
Recycle Network Manage
Basic Treatment
Recycle Roundabout Community Recycling Facility
Purify Irrigation water
Rainwater Waste water collection Decomposition
Biogas
Kitchen waste
Food package
Pressure generation
Solar collection
Store Electricity
26
MASTER PLAN Three food networks are superimposed on the viaduct system. We specially make use of the grey space of traffic roundabouts for different purposes.
Site
Legend Recycle site Syntheses Roundabout Education Roundabout Research Roundabout Production Roundabout Storage Roundabout Influence area Food mall Secondary transportation line First-level transportation line Elevated route Recycling line
27
N
0 500 1000
2500
5000
10000 M
SITE FORMATION Morphogenesis
Trees
SITE LAYERS Outer skin
VEGETABLE PLANNING Greenhouse
Upper layer
Simulate the shape of trees Vitis vinifera
Production
Elevator
Solanum lycopersicum
Cucumis sativus
Vegetable hydroponic tube Water
Lablab purpureus Solanum melongena Hydroponics
Activity area Seed cultivation Vegetable market
Activity
Data monitoring room
Residents
Pisum sativum
Continuous pipeline
Middle level Vegetarian restaurant Brassica oleracea
Brassica chinensis
Allium.fistulosum
Brassica pekinensis
Daucus carota
Raphanus sativus
Lactuca sativa
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Petroselinum crispum
Chrysanthemum coronarium
Spinacia oleracea
Lactuca sativa
Food Education
Video & Coffee
Researcher
Viaduct Lower level
Green space Understory forest Mitigating global warming Enrich urban green network
Reduce automobile exhaust
ELEVATION
28
FLOATING FOOD ISLAND SITE PLAN- Aerial layer Mall Vegetable warehouse
Vegetable production and education are the main functions of the site. As a syntheses roundabout, the site also serves as an urban forest, connecting the surrounding four areas and undertaking rich activities.
Parking lot
1 2 9
6 5
Plane generation
Viaduct
Production 8 7
3
Legend Residential area
29
Parking lot
N
0
10 20
50
Vegetable hydroponic pipe
Stadium
4
100
200
M
1.Hydroponic planting pipeline 2.Video education area 3.Hydroponic observation area 4.Vegetable Restaurant 5.Vegetable data monitoring center 6.Supermarket/ Seedling cultivation area 7.Outdoor ramp 8.Vertical elevator 1 9.Vertical elevator 2
Education People activities
Connection
FLOATING FOOD ISLAND SITE PLAN- Ground floor Mall Vegetable warehouse
Parking lot 1 2 8
3 4
6
Plane generation
7
Connection
5
9
10 13
11
Urban forest
12
Stadium
Legend
Residential area
Parking lot
N
0
10 20
50
100
200
M
1.Mall entrance plaza 2.Outdoor vegetable market 3.Cafe 4.Vertical elevator 2 5.Resident participatory farm 6.Supermarket/ Seedling cultivation area 7.Greenhouse Agriculture Exhibition 8.Air floor entrance 9.Pedestrian bridge 10.Bicycle lane 11.Skateboarding area 12.Planting water purification 13.Vertical elevator 1
Activities Mall Outdoor vegetable market
Vegetable warehouse Vegetable supermarket Vegetable production
Planting water perification/ Recreation Residential area
Skateboarding area Stadium
30
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION PROCESS UVA picking
Ripe fruit and vegetables
Water planting Seeds Sending message
Useless parts
Sending message Seedling cultivation with special care Fertilize understory forest
Data monitoring room
Leftover food
Restaurant
Transportation on the day
Transportation network
Warehouse
Supermarket
PROFILE
Rainwater collection and utilization Vegetable harvest and sale Tour route and activity
Rain collection
Sun light Elevated negative factors blocking
Vegetable
Education
Data monitoring UAV picking
Stop pollution
31
Open maeket Sightseeing
Irrigation
Elevator
Farmland
Flyover
Nursery
Supermarket
Greenhouse
Transport
RESEARCH AND SALES AREA This is where the second-story greenhouse meets the ground. The hemispherical building has the function of cultivating seedlings and vegetable supermarket.
32
AUDIOVISUAL EDUCATION ZONE Popular science videos on vegetable planting are shown on the big screen. The hydroponic pipe is full of vegetables.
33
GROUND PARENT-CHILD FARMLAND Residents can personally experience the fun of growing vegetables on the ground farmland. The three-dimensional farm seems to be floating in the air.
34
MODEL
Floating Food Island I started designing from the profile. I want the farm to grow from the ground like a tree. It grow over the elevated and gets enough sunlight. Vegetables grow near the shell. People carry out activities in the inner space.
35
Hydroponics Irrigation
Restaurant
Rain
Data monitoring
Supermarket Collection
36
4 MINE RECOVERTY Group work September 2019 Location: Zhangzhou City, China Size: 520ha
Mining hurt the mountain
Illegal mining activities lead to deforestation in Zhangzhou mountain areas. In 2019, the forest enclosed by the mining area was completely disconnected from the surrounding forest. As a result, the ecosystem cannot exchange energy, and the birds' migration route is blocked. The average rainfall in Zhangzhou city is1000-1900 mm. A lot of rain fell on the bare land, which caused soil erosion. Town reservoirs and natural pools have become muddy "milk" lakes.
37
MINE EXCAVATING CONDITION
MINING AREA CHANGES OVER TIME
in Zhangzhou Mountain Area
Forest
Surrounding forest
Bare land
2005 2007
Legend
Factory The damage of soil(mild)
2010
Deforestation
Small mine Midumn mine Large mine
The damage of soil(mid) The damage of soil(high) Soil damage direction Runoff
Soil Erosion
0 100 200
400
800
(m)
Soil erosion (Serious)
2013
Soil erosion (mild)
Polluted lake Soil erosion direction Road
2016
HOW WE LOST Mining Growth
Deforestation
Cutting Trees
Soil Erosion 2019
Living over 350 kinds of birds Over 2400 acres natural forest 2005
2007
2010
2013
2016
2019
The forest in middle completely separated from the surrounding forest.
38
There are four phases of the mine restoration. The first phase is to control soil erosion. In the second, third, and fourth phases, I gradually built a green ecological network to link broken forest belts.
Planning
FOUR TPHASES PLANNING
Time line History of destruction 2015
2016
Construct a green belt, link the broken forest and the surrounding forest
Strengthen one of the ecological axes and become an animal migration corridor
Build a green circle and form a network
Recover Location
Repair the flow section with severe soil erosion
2017
2018
Phase 3 Re-greening
Phase 1 Soil erosion preventment Phase 2 Re-greening 2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
Phase 4 Re-greening 2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
FRAMEWORK Strategy 1_ Soil erosion preventment Strategy 1_ Soil erosion preventment
History Cutting trees Cutting trees Digging and mining Digging and mining
Soil erosion Soil erosion
Analysis of water collecting Analysischannels of water collecting channels
Apply construction plan Apply construction plan
Two problems appeared in the history of destruction, namely soil erosion and forest belt fracture. The design proposes two complementary strategies and selects two sites for design. Then promote sites and form the master plan.
Apply planting plan Apply planting plan
Experiment Site 1 Experiment Site 1
Basic machining
Basic machining
Abandoned stones on the slope Abandoned stones on the slope Transporting stones with Transporting truckswith stones trucks Fine machining in factories Fine machining factories Dischargeinwastewater
39
Discharge wastewater
Strategy 2_ Re-greening Strategy 2_ Re-greening
Forest belt break Forest belt break
Analysis breakage reasons Analysis breakage reasons
Manage the soil Manage the soil
Master plan Master plan Seeding Seeding
Trees natural grow Trees natural grow
Experiment Site 2 Experiment Site 2
MASTER PLAN
Wood land: N
0 250 500
2000 (m)
1000
Bird watching in top
Crossing the forest
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Pinus thunbergii
Quercus glauca
Elaeocarpus sylvestris
Magnolia figo
Ficus heterophylla
Grass land:
Bird watching in mines
Rest stop
Magnolia fortunei
Viburnum dilatatum
Axonopus compressus
Cynodon dactylon
Site 2
A large number of migratory birds staying
Picnic by streams
Bird watching
Wet land: The famous "Three Treasure Birds of Fujian"
Site 1 Canna indica
Rest area
Music lake
Rest stop
Anser albifrons, the second class national protected birds in Fujian Province
Parking lot
Entrance
Phragmites communis
Legend:
Lythrum salicaria
Farmland Wood land
Lake
Grass land
Main road
Wetland
Village road
Village
sightseeing spot
40
STRATEGY 1_ SOIL EROSION PREVENTMENT Profile construction strategy
Different levels of soil erosion Considering about the gradients of bare land and the flow of river, we divided the erosion river into six types. Then we proposed six possible plans perspectively. The plans included soil construction and planting methods.
Location
Profile planting effect Profile A
Water width (m)
Profile A
8
Stable nail steel Protential erosion soil
Retaining wall Stone block
C
Bank Slush
Water pipe Plastic
C
3
B Very steep slop
C
B
C B
Profile B
Retaining wall Stone block
Water pipe Plastic
A
F
Protential erosion soil
Stable nail steel
Water width (m) 3
C
Bank Slush
3
Profile B
D E
Water filtration Water flow through the stone
Profile C
Profile C
Water preventment Cement Protential erosion soil
D
Retaining war Stone and metal net Water width in raining days (m) 12
Steep slop
Water width in others days (m)
Water width in raining days (m)
Profile D Design site
4
4
Profile D
12
Water width in others days (m) 4
River Clean channel
4
Water preventment Cement Water filtration Water flow through the stone
Bank Retaining war Stone and metal net Slush
Flat slop
Soil erosion channal: Small flow channel Middle flow channel Large flow channel
Profile E Large flow
Profile E
Profile A
Water filtration Water flow through the stone
Profile D River flow
Middle flow
Profile B
Retaining war Stone
Profile E Small flow
Profile C Profile F
Steep slop 15°~25° Very steep slop ﹥25°
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Profile F Profile F
Flat slop 5°~15° Gradient
New soil layer Slush from the river
New soil layer Slush from the river
No construction
SITE1 PLAN
Location
Original site
There are three kinds of soil erosion in the site, and different strategies are used to conserve water and soil.
N
0m
50m
Rain
100m
SITE1 RENDERING
Location
In the wetland, plants purify the dirty water.
200m
ProfileA and Dirty milk lake restoration
ProfileB restoration
ProfileD restoration
Reservoir New trees Water Roads Gravel dam Manager room
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SITE 1_ SOIL EROSION PREVENTMENT Original landscape:
Dirty milk lake
Bare steep slop with stone
Human construction:
Clean the silt
Remove the stone
Build dam (stone block)
Change the slop into platform
Natural process: Build retaining wall (gabion) Plant trees
Natural process
Large flow of water with multiple sendiment
Build retaining wall (stone block)
Transform into small pool & change soil & plant trees
Slow down river and store water
Store water and particles precipitate
Transform into wet land & change soil & plant trees
Purify water
Clean water enter into reservoir
Rainwater collection
Store excess water
Store excess water
rainwater collection
Precipitate small particals
Precipitate large particles
Human Construction
Store water Nature lake
Purify water
Sloping land Clean water Artificial wetland
Phragmites communis
Phragmites communis Acorus calamus
Zizania Iatifolia
ProfileD restoration
Oryza Typha orientalis sativa
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Eichhornia crassipes
ProfileB restoration
Canna indica
Profile A and dirty milk lake restoration
Vallisneria spiralis
Eichhornia crassipes Typha orientalis
Canna indica Zizania Iatifolia
Plant analysis 43
Phragmites Oryza communis sativa
Reservoir
STRATEGY 2_ RE-GREENING A. Mine pit
B.Steep slope with stones
Land construction
Use stones to build the retaining wall
Clean the silt
Change soil
Loosen the land
Plant trees
Plant trees
Dig small pool beside the lake
Seeding
Plant trees
Trees grow
Trees grow
Nature trees spread seeds
Trees grow
Local trees involve
C.Bare land beside nature lake
D.Polluted land near factory
E.Compacted land by transportation
Phase1- Bare Analysis Five types of bare land
Phase2 Human constructiion
Phase3 Human constructiion and inviting nature
Phase4 Natural process
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SITE2 PLAN
Location
Original site
The site contains three types of bare land, which are restored by different strategies. In the rainy season, a number of water pools are arranged along the catchment line to store water and provide surrounding irrigation. N
0m
50m
100m
200m
Rain
C.Bare land beside nature lake restoration
Irrigation B. Steep slope with stones restoration A. Mine pit restoration
New trees Water Roads external road
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SITE2 RENDERING
Location
Standing on the folding bridge of the pit pool, people look at the terraces in the distance.
SITE2 _ RE-GREENING PROCESS
Natural process:
Three types of bare land:
C.Bare land beside nature lake
Human construction:
Dig pools near lake
Rain
B. Steep slope with stones
A. Mine pit
Ues stone to build the retaining wall
Change the slop into platform
Cover the soil
Cover the soil
Trees grow up
Plant anti-barren trees
Plant fast-growing trees
Trees spread from the water
Local trees replace anti-barren trees
Local trees replace anti-barren trees
Clean the silt
Fill the pool Irrigate
Original trees’ seeds
Natural Process
Rain Nature biocoenosis evolution
Trees spread from water Transpiration
Nature biocoenosis evolution
Plant anti-barren trees Plant fast-growing trees
Runoff fill the pool Irrigation
Water cycle
Human Construction
Tree evolution Road
A. Mine pit
C. Bare land beside nature lake
B. Steep slope with stones
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1300-1400 Water Town Agriculture
5 RECONSTRUCTION OF GRAND CANAL WHARF Individual work Graduation project June 2020 Instructor: Fang Wei Location: Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China Size: 46.56ha
1992-2009 Cargo Wharf
2020 Water Pollution
The Grand Canal was listed as a world cultural heritage in 2009. The site is located in the Wuxi section of the Grand Canal and has a rich history. If parchment is repeatedly written and erased, the writing marks will remain on it each time. Like parchment, the design site also contains more than one layer of history. I selected two typical pieces of history. Then combine with the ecological problems of contemporary canal water pollution. The design is a superposition of three levels.
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ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION ALONG THE GRAND CANAL WUXI SECTION
CONCEPT
Analyze the overall cultural construction of the Grand Canal in Wuxi. In the reconstruction activities of historical sites, there are four types of built sites, including park green space, exhibition hall, remained historical site and port area.
I take this site as a piece of parchment, every construction and demolition in history will leave marks it. In the design, I integrate two historical levels, water village agriculture and industrial wharf, with the contemporary water ecology need.
Park green space Exhibition Hall
Huishan ancient town
Huangbudun Canal Park
Historical site
Jiangjian Park
Port area
Huishan Park
Xishuidun -- Cultural Park
Layer3, 2020 Riverside Park deal with water pollution
Former residence of Xue Fucheng Nanzen-ji Temple Taosha Lane
Maoxin flour mill -- Museum Sports Park Kaiyuan machine factory --Art Gallery Xianlidun Park
Yongtai silk factory -- China Silk Industry Museum Qingmingqiao historic district
Wuxi Museum
Layer2, 1992-2009 Industrial Wharf
Daffodils
Layer1, 1300-1992 Water Village Agriculture
Site
Xiadianqiao port area
Liangtanghe ecological park
TIME LINE OF THE GRAND CANAL WUXI SECTION
Site
Site
B.C.495-610 Fu Chai, king of Wu, dug the ancient waterways. Then, emperor of Sui Dynasty dredged and widened the waterway.
Site
1300-1400
1600-1800
1895
1958
1985
1992-2009
2020
The Grand Canal promotes the prosperity of Wuxi Rice economy. Rice is planted in the farmland along the river.
The shipping function of The Grand Canal directly promoted the prosperity and development of Wuxi City.
Along the canal is full of grain processing industry, textile industry, silk reeling industry.
The new canal is excavated to undertake the function of canal navigation.
Highway construction, large proportion of Wuxi passenger liner suspended.
Freight yard wharf was built in 1992. But the The canal freight volume reduced rapidly, the wharf was abandoned in 2009.
The government plans to build a green City Riverside Park.
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WATER POLLUTION & INDUSTRIAL WHARF REMAINS 1300-1992
1992-2009
Now
Water Village Agriculture
Industrial Wharf
Water Pollution
Site
WATER VILLAGE AGRICULTURAL- Landscape Texture Study Four farmland types in Taihu Lake Region
Common features Dense river network A
Fish and Rice are the main products B
Small farmland unit and staggered arrangement of fish pond and farmland Industrial sewage
Texture group Texture unit
350m
Typical texture 1
600m
L×W=150m×70m Farmland and fish pond
Land Farmland House
Agriculture products
350m
Typical texture 2
Land Water
The Grand Canal
ge
sc
di
a ew
Fish pond
Railway stormwater runoff Sewage discharge The grand canal
S
Workshop Tower crane Train track Container
Water pollution analysis Domestic sewage Railway stormwater
Industrial sewage L×W=66m×66m
330m Estuary
C
Domestic sewage
Water Land Silver carp
River network
Water land ratio
Perch
River
r ha
Water Land
Black carp
Landscape texture
ge
780m
Silk
Typical texture 3
L×W=31m×110m
River network
Farmland
Land Farmland House
Water Land
Industrial wharf remains analysis Rice
470m
Workshop
180m
Potato
Typical texture 4
Debris waters
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Land Water
W=13m Earth embankment
Rape
240m
Water Land
Train track
Container
Tower crane
MORPHOGENESIS
The sewage from the surrounding factories is discharged into the canal through the ship channel.
The original sewage is introduced into the site and purified step by step in the site.
Turn the original three rivers into one.
FRAMEWORK Analysis
Concept
Strategies
River sections
Functions
Centralized purification Upper planning of the Grand Canal Wuxi section
Layer1 Contemporary water ecological
Morphology change
Terrace purification Wetlands purification
Water purification
Factory sewage
Water purification
Flood
Sightseeing Boat
Exhibition hall
Leisure lawn
Play
Strategy1 Use site to purify the sewage Layer2 Industrial wharf culture Site
Play Strategy2 Elastic green space Fish pond
Layer3 Water town Agricultural culture
Strategy3 Preserve and transform relics
Silk experience area
Rice planting
Agricultural production Flood relief Normal time
Strategy4 Use agricultural texture
Flood time
Severe flood time
Agricultural production
Flood relief Strategy5 Add traditional industries
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MASTER MASTER PLAN PLAN Production water
Elastic green space
Purification water
Rain garden
Landscape water N 0
25 50
100
200 (m)
Water analysis
Elastic region analysis
First grade road
10m
Second grade road
8m 6m 4m 2m 0m -2m
Road analysis
Terrain analysis
A B
Indoor purification tank
Sewage purification area
Agricultural products exhibition
Mulberry fish pond District
C D E
Wetland veranda
Central Lake area
Leisure Pavilion
A
Lake Pavilion
Silk industry exhibition area Wetland Farmland Area
B
C D
E
Architectural analysis
functional analysis
Corridor on the second floor Preservation of remains
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1. Parking lot 2. Lake platform 3. Entrance square 4. Indoor filter 5. Terrace aeration tank 6. Forest Theater 7. Subsurface flow wetland 8. Mulberry fish pond 9. Reservoir 10.Terrace purification
11. Lake viewing gallery 12. Cruise terminal 13. Tour bridge 14. Twin Islands 15. Agriculture Exhibition Hall 16. Pebble Beach 17. Silk crafts exhibition area 18. Leisure lawn 19. Corridor on the second floor 20. Rain garden
21. Workshop rack 22. Wetland 23. Urban agriculture 24. Entrance square 25. Parking lot
Heritage analysis
Vegetation analysis
WATER PURIFICATION STRATEGY Subsurface flow wetland
Terrace aeration tank
Water flows step by step to reduce the precipitation of harmful substances. Filters between each stage can filter large particles of sand or garbage.
Adsorption of harmful substances in sewage with sandstone, activated carbon and diatoms. Add chemical precipitant to precipitate pollutants.
Terrace wetland
The use of surface plants for organic pollution purification can reduce the eutrophication of the canal water body. The water is stripshaped and can introduce human activities.
Central Lake
The open central lake provides a good view.
Floating wetland reservoir
The flow slows down in the reservoir and settles some organic particles from the pond.
Wetland
Water flows through the underground sand and gravel and adsorbed substances, which can reduce the site's soil hardening while eliminating pollution more efficiently.
Submergence probability
Hydrophilicity
organic pollution Inorganic pollution 3.1m Water line 2.5m Water line 1.7m Water line
Sedimentation tank
Terrace aeration tank
Subsurface flow wetland
Mulberry fish pond
0m Water line Floating wetland reservoir
Terrace wetland
Central Lake
Wetlands
The grand canal
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LANDSCAPE TEXTURE & AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Dital Plan
Fish pond
Silk industry exhibition area
Urban farmland
Centre lake
Wetland
Reference Texture
Agricultural Industry
Mulberry plantation
Sericulture Collecting silk Drying silk
Rice production Silk cloth display
Silkworm sand Wetland area
Textile Use for fish feed Planting soil Pond scum
Fertilizer supply
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Organic soil
Breeding waste
Fertilizer supply
BIRD'S EYE VIEW Keep the original factory building and transform it into a sightseeing pavilion.
Keep the original container and transform it into houses in the silk processing experience area.
Imitate the agricultural texture of the water village and grow rice.
Keep the original remains of the tower crane. Build a two-story veranda on the basis of it.
The wetland has a water purification function. It also serves as a resilient area for floods.
Perspective position
Cinnamomum camphora Acer pictumThunb
Taxus chinensis
Ginkgo biloba
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Ligustrum lucidum
Salix babylonica
Buxus sinica
Phragmites communis
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Berberis thunbergii
Canna indica
Zizania latifolia
Sagittaria trifolia
Monochoria korsakowii
Metasequoia glyptostroboides
Platycladus orientalis
Scirpus validus
Iris tectorum
Phragmites communis
Eichhornia crassipes
Taxodium distichum
Pseudolarix amabilis
Cyperus papyrus
Miscanthus sinensis
Nymphaea tetragona
Schoenoplectus trigueter
Zelkova serrata
Square
Elastic green space
Norm
Water
al wa
Wetland
ter lev
el
Water level o nce in level o 30 yea nce in rs 10 yea rs
Elastic green space
Forest
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URBAN AGRICULTURE
Change the rails, the wharf remains, into planting ponds.
The field of vision is wide, a n d I c o m e h er e ever y week to take pictures.
I take my family here for a walk after dinner every day.
Thanks for the construction of the park for providing me with a job.
The ecological environment here is amazing! There are many cute wild animals!
The wheat sprouts that I claimed here on the railroad tracks have grown again last week, and it is really nice to take care of them.
Here is the perspective of the Urban agriculture area. The abandoned railroad tracks are used as small rain gardens along the bridge. The vision is wide and pure, and the animals and plants grow naturally. 55
SILK CRAFTS EXHIBITION HALL Convert containers, the wharf remains into buildings.
The silk here is really a work of art.It ’s so fun to experience the Chinese traditional sericulture culture.
The bamboo buildings there are so interesting, I come to see the new silk every weekend!
The lit tle flowers here are ver y beautiful! I can also experience the making of silk myself!
Here is the perspective of the Silk crafts exhibition area. The original steel frame on the site will be used to dry silk. Tourists can participate in every process of sericulture. 56
MODEL
03 Agriculture exhibition hall 02 Connection of Centre lake and Wetland
05 06 Tour bridge Mulberry fish pond
04 Centre lake
01 Rain garden
Road formation
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01
02
03
For this project, I used handpainted methods to examine the entire site, including water shapes, roads, and terrain. I have studied a lot of the relationships between topography and water in nature. These guided me to draw the shape of water and terrain in my design.
04
05
06
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