Chen Chen | MLA AP, Harvard GSD

CHEN CHEN Work samples Selected works 2018-2022 Harvard Graduate School of Design Email : chen_chen@gsd.harvard.edu

INTERACTION Landscape architecture is my tool to understand the world. It is also a bridge for integrating Human society and Nature ultimately. I did five projects to explore the interaction of different fields between Human Society and Nature.

Nature

Human society

Human society material base

Nature material base Land

Food

Human Sociaty

Step2-Four quadrants Nature

Building

Water

Traffic Human sociaty material base

Interaction

Nature material base

Physical

Human society energy cycle Nature energy cycle

Step1-Two axes

Machine

Virtual/ Living Cultural and spiritual fields

Nature life

Division of labor Culture

Step3-Development energy flow Human society energy cycle

Nature enegy cycle

Light

Physical Virtual / Living

Microorganism

Plant Animal

Memory Imagination

Food Building Traffic Machine

Energy

Land Water Air Light

MicroLabor organism Culture Economy Plants Memory Animal Imagination Energy

01

Economy

Step4-Specific field

Air

Cultural and spiritual fields

Nature life

Mine

Mine

Fish

Fish

Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

Agriculture

Mine Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture

Mine

Mine Fish

Fish

Wuxi

Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

Agriculture

02

Agriculture

Fish

Agriculture

Agriculture

Food

CONTENTS

Fish Bee

Mine

Mine

Fish Wuxi

01

Mine

Wuxi

Land Water

01 BRING PARK SKY VIEW Studio Project / Individual work

Light Labor

Mine

Mine Fish

Fish Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

02 Waste Reuse & Lagoon Agriculture

Agriculture

Imagination

GSD Core studio / Individual work Mine

Mine

03

04

Food

Mine Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture

Fish Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture

Land

03 INTEGRATIVE FOOD SYSTEM IN URBAN

Water

Fish Wuxi

Competition /Group work, My part: Master plan, Site design, Model, Drawing

Bee

Machine

Agriculture

Culture

Fish

Fish Wuxi

Mine

Traffic

Mine

Mine

Fish Wuxi

Plants

Plants Energy

04 MINE RECOVERY

Mine

Mine

Fish

Fish

Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

Agriculture

Agriculture

05

Food

Mine

Studio Project / Group work, My part: Strategies, Two sites design, Logic Fish

Wuxi

Water Mine Fish

Mine Mine

Wuxi

Fish

Bee

Wuxi

Agriculture

Bee Agriculture

Fish Wuxi Bee Agriculture

Mine

Memory

Fish

05 RECONSTRUCTION OF GRAND CANAL WHARF Wuxi

Agriculture

Bee

Agriculture

Graduation Project / Individual work

Culture Mine

Mine

Fish Wuxi

Bee

Fish

Mine Fish

Wuxi

Wuxi

Bee

Bee

Agriculture

Agriculture

02

1 BRING PARK SKY VIEW Individual work July 2019 Instructor: Shunyao Hu Location: Chicago, United States Size: 0.63ha

Make use of the site sky view

Chicago, located in Illinois, USA, is a typical, highly urbanized modern city. The average height of the buildings is 130 meters. People can rarely see the sky landscape.

I found that a beautiful sky view was reflected in the building's facade. The building was on the east side of the site. I planed to use terrain and plants to block the disturbance of surrounding buildings. Thus people could enjoy the large image of the sky above the green land.

03

CHICAGO PROBLEM--- Supper tall building + Hyper-density building = Little sky landscape

OPPORTUNITY--- The site plaza provides a good view of the sky

Supper tall building analysis

Site surrounding buildings analysis

450m

North 0

350m

Court

250m 7

43

31

150m 50m 0m

Hyper-density building analysis 90m

Shopping

Shopping

30m

78

Large sky view

View blocked Site Goverment office

252

Call for sky!!

Can't stand living between tall buildings.

Building Shooting point

Shopping

Company

Shopping

109 116

Theater

School

13

6

22

4

Site shooting point

Theater

190

Section line

Little sky landscape

Theater

Bank

Goverment Bank office

Baby care center

Site Sight analysis

Use the mirror reflection of the building

169m

175m

122m

106m

105m Site

90m

63m

24m

View blocked 0

43

Large sky view 78

109116

View blocked 136

190

224

252

317

04

CONCEPT---Create pure sky view without disturbance of the buildings

Physical disturbance

Step1

Building B

Reflect disturbance Mirror

STRATEGY

Building A

MODEL PROCESS Building B reflection

Building B

Find the suitable viewpoint without the disturbance of BuildingB and C reflection

Step1

Building A Serve as mirror

Building D

Viewpoint

Building C

Building C

Building C reflection

Step2

Step2 Original view from the viewpoint

Use terrain and plants to block the reflection of Building D Building D

Building A Serve as mirror

Step3 Block Viewpoint Building D

Step3 Remove buildings disturbance

Use terrain and plants to block the physical image of Building B and C

Building B

Step4

Building C

05

MASTER PLAN

MODEL

13

11

9

12 10

8 7

Legend 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

6 2

Outdoor theater Lookout platform Corner Entrance Plaza Open lawn Grass slope Still water pool Fountain Square Mirror Water curtain wall Picasso statue Vertical greenery viewing area Lights water falling Commercial square

4

5

1

3

N

0

5

10

20

40(m)

06

SKY VIEW

07

07

Waste

2 WASTE REUSE & LAGOON AGRICULTURE Individual work December 2021 Instructor: Alex Wall

Location: Saugus, MA, United States Sea level rise

Waste is always assumed as useless and polluted, and sea-level rise is labelled as another troublesome issue. However, if we create new links between the two negative things, can we make something positive? Sealevel rise shapes a new type of land, named lagoon.

It is a land covered by a thin layer of water. Lagoon losing its original function requires a new chance for reproduction and revival. If more waste is recycled, new material, such as compost soil and building material, can be produced and be helpful in the lagoon transformation. My two sites can show as an example of this connection.

08

How waste relate to lagoon?

09

Origin site1 0.1 0.05

0

0.1

0.2

Origin site 2 0.3

0.1 0.05

0.4 Kilometers

¯

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4 Kilometers

¯

Toxic flying ash Waste

Electric power

Incinerator

Ash transport

Birds habitat lost

Ash bury

Legend

Legend

Risk

Risk

Toxic flying ash Polluted run-off

Legend

Sea storms challenge

Risk

Pollution leaching

Polluted run-off

Ash Staging Area Legend

Legend

Polluted run-off

Gas Vent

Sea storms challenge

Marsh

Pollution leaching

Grassland

Sea storms challenge

Legend Structure and vegetation Clay Cover Area Risk

Risk Toxic flying ash Polluted run-off Sea storms challenge Pollution leaching Structure and vegetation

Legend Risk

Marsh Structure and vegetation Tidal inlet Clay Cover Area Toxic flying ash Sea level Ash Staging Arearise Polluted run-offMarsh inundation process

Slurry Wall

Ash Staging Area Slurry Wall Gas Vent Marsh Grassland

Sea level rise Legend 0 ft_normal

Risk

Pollution leaching Marsh and water River Structure and vegetation Ditch Clay Cover Area

Risk Toxic flying ashTidal inlet 0 ft_tidal zone Polluted run-off

Marsh inundation process Sea storms challenge 1 ft_normal Pollution leaching

Marsh and water Structure and vegetation

Marsh inundation process

Sea storms challenge River Pollution leaching Ditch

Marsh Ash Staging Area Slurry Wall Gas Vent Sea level rise Marsh

0 ft_normal

Slurry Wall

Legend Risk

0 ft_normal

Legend Risk Tidal inlet

PollutedMarsh run-offand water

Clay Cover Area

Legend Sea storms cause

Marsh inundation process

Toxic flying ash

Structure and vegetation

Risk leaching problem Toxic flying ash

Tidal inlet

Legend

Marsh and water River

Risk Tidal inlet

Ditch

Marsh inundation process

Marsh

Gas Vent Marsh

0 ft_tidal zone Marsh and water

Grassland

1 ft_normal

Tidal inlet Sea level rise Marsh inundation process 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone Marsh and water

River Ditch Marsh

Sea level rise

Sea level rise 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone 1 ft_normal

10

Rice-fish Agriculture area

Compost & recycle center and new bird habitat

Site2 Proposal

Site1 Proposal

0.1

0.05

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.1

Kilometers

0.05

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4 Kilometers

Oganic waste and C&D waste

Food for community

Compost soil and C&D materials recycle center

Mound

Soil and building matirial placing

Compost and building materials transport from site1

Greenhouse

Transport to site2

Birds habitat

Soil lab

Breakwater

Legend

11

Watercourse

Pond

Restaurant

Mound

Road

Warehouse

Sea level rise 0 ft_normal 0 ft_tidal zone 1 ft_normal

Legend Tree

Shellfish

Soil placing

Grassland

Greenhouse

Run-off collection

Road

Proposal workflow Site 1 Shellfish

Site 2 Bird Bird’s food

Bird’s food

Bird’s food

Original birds habitate

Sea sediment capture in tidal zone

Wild habitate

Salt marsh (origin)

Habitate transfer

Protect landfill edge

Thicken soil

Sea level rise

Compost & CD material recycle center

Shellfish

Lagoon

Compost and Building material

Oyster shells building material

Greenhouse soil lab Adjust more productive soil

Build mound to divide ponds Compost as fertilizer

C&D material

Rice-fish ponds

Organic waste Rice stalk

Food

Food

Community consumption Demolish flooded buildings

Community

12

“From Waste to Food” System

Site1 Site2

Legend Main transportation route Transportation route Garbage collection point N

Food market Restaurants area

13

Material transport between two sites Site1

Compost soil and C&D materials recycle center

Soil transport

Soil placing

Greenhouse

Flower planting

Shellfish marsh

Mix compost soil and salt marsh soil to make rice growing soil

Build material

Compost

Sea sendiment

Compost

Compost

Compost

Covering liners Ash Solid waste Covering liners

Use compost as fertilizer

Compacted clay liner

Use building material to make mound and breakwater

Site2

Shellfish and Migratory fish shelter

Waterbreak

Rice-fish pond

Salt marsh (sand,silt, clay, rootlets) mix with Compost

Canal

Mound

Rice-fish pond

Fertilizer (compost) Drainage gate

Aggregates, stone, Rock recyle mix with Shellfish Mud flat (laminated mud, lenticular bedding)

Mound

From salt marsh layer

Cross-bedding

Rice stalk back to make compost

14

Compost and recycle site1 phases

Protected edge

Compost soil placing

Bird habitat

Protected edge with shellfish

Birds habitat Resist to sea storm

Resist to sea storm

2040-Future

Remove oyster-shell to protect edge

Capture sea sediment

Shellfish

Use soil to cap landfill Remove oyster-shell to protect edge

Incinerator close

2030-2040

Soil placing

Capture sea sediment

Shellfish

Compost soil Ash bury

2021-2030

Capture sea sediment

15

Shellfish

Compost and recycle site1 phases

16

Rice-fish Agriculture site2 phases

Sea level rise 2ft to 4ft

Medium: Rice and brackishwater fish ponds

Deep water: Saltwater fish and shellfish ponds

2050-2070

Food

Sea level rise 1ft to 2ft Medium water: Rice and brackishwater fish ponds

2030-2050

Shallow water: Rice ponds

Sea level rise < 1ft Salt marsh protection

2021-2030

Dunes and plants add the sediment

17

Rice-fish Agriculture site2 phases

18

Who use the land?

Origin

Site1 1

Proposal 1.Truck driver

1.Truck driver

2.Incinerator worker

2.Compost & recycle center worker

3.Landfill capping worker

3.Greenhouse manager

Site1 1

2

Labor

4.Soil lab researcher 5.Bird habitat manager

2

6.Shellfish manager 7.Farmer 8.Warehouse manager

3

4 1

9.Agricultural Sales Administrator 10.Chef and waiter

Public

2.Greenhouse picking 3.Bird watching

Site2

Legend:

Site2

4.Fresh fish and shellfish restaurant

Bird

Song sparrow

Song sparrow

Yellow-rumped warbler

Yellow-rumped warbler

American robin

American robin

Red-tailed Hawk

Red-tailed Hawk

Herring gull

Herring gull

European Starling

European Starling

American Black Duck

American Black Duck

White-throated sparrow

White-throated sparrow

Canada goose

Canada goose

Labor amount: 0-20 people

19

6

1.Soil public education

1.Salt marsh tour

1

50-200 people

0-20 people

1

7

4 10

9

8

Bird amount for 30 days in November 2021:

Public participants weekly: 20-50 people

2

5 3

3

20-50 people

50-200 people

0-5 birds

5-10 birds

10-20 birds

Who own the land?

$ $ $ $

$

No need to rebuild birds habitat

$

$

$

$

State government gain money State government lose money RESCO gain money RESCO lose money

Compensate site1 bird habitat State Government

Pay for material

$

Rent fish rice ponds to farmers

RESCO (private company)

$

Pay land rent

$

Community Garbage disposal fee

$

Compensate farmers for allowing birds to eat fish

20

Site1- Landfill remediation using compost

21

Site2- Evolving productive ponds working with sea level rise

2

3 INTEGRATIVE FOOD SYSTEM IN URBAN -Floating Food Island Group work December 2020 Instructor: Fang Wei, Jing Zhao Location: Shanghai City, China Site Size: 16.24ha

Integrate food networks on the viaduct systems

Much food waste is caused by the separation of rural and city, including transportation energy consumption, packaging consumables, low waste recycling rate, etc.

Thus, building a food system in a city became a logical need.

Besides, the expansion of transportation space in modern cities had caused unnecessary waste of land resources. Combining the two problems, I superimposed food networks on the viaduct systems.

In Traffic roundabout, I designed to build threedimensional farms.

23

SEPARATION OF URBAN AND RURAL AGRICULTURE

Worldwide Population & Food consumption Distribution

Urban Sprawl & Rural Cropland Reduce

More than 55％ people live in urban area

Urbanized Area

China 60％ urban population

Nantong City

2010

2020 Ch

2000

Shanghai 89％ urban population

gming Dist on

t ric

1990 Agriculture Area

24.92％

1990

2000

2010

About 80％ Food is consumed in urban area China 82.3% self-sufficiency

2020 1h traffic circle

Shanghai 30％ self-sufficiency

Shanghai Urban and Rural Cropland condition -2020

shan Distri ao

ct

B

Changshu City

0.5h traffic circle

FOOD LOSS&WASTE

ENERGY&RESOURCES WASTE

0.95％

6.06％

9.5 billion tons

100％ will be needed

M

Food production consume 30% of the world’s available energy

ong Distric ud

14.78％

ang Distr i inh

ct

pu Distri c ing Q

35％ increased

t

P

Suzhou City

7 billion people Need

ing Distric iad

t

J

By 2050

Save and Feed extra people

t

1.43％

Food loss cause 40％ of the energy consumption of food production

80％ ENERGY

20％ - 32％ FOOD

is wasted outside farm

is lost

2016

2019

38.6％

2013

J

Consumption

Retail 10.9％

Population Density

2010

Process 15.8％

2285

2307

2233

2098

2197

2052

2013

1961

1928

Cropland

Daily food waste production in Shanghai tons /day 2005

Jiaxing City

Transportation 13.9％

7-9％

Legend Cropland Yield(2020)

Production 20.8％

Consumption

Retail

17.42％

1-3％

Process 3-6％

5-8％

4-6％

Transportation

Production

12.64％

t

han Distric ins

gxian Distri en

ct

F

9.56％

10 times energy was consumed to create 1 units of food Package

More than 500,000 t wasted annually

Gas

About 97,000 tce annually

Road

About 131km food miles in average

24

FRAMEWORK Reason

Existing Problems

Opportunity Urban Viaduct Systems

Possible Usage Syntheses Education

High Transit Damage Food Loss＆Waste

Separation of Urban and Rural Agriculture

Research Vacant Roundabouts

Low Recycling Rate

Storage

Unware of Saving Food

Recycle

Package Wastage Energy＆Resource

Production

Linear System

Gas Consumption

Fast transportation Negative space

Road Occupation

STRATEGY

OPPORTUNITY

Urban Viaduct Systems

3 Urban Food Networks

Possible Usage

Vacant Roundabouts

Systheses

Education

Research

Production

Recycle

Storage

Green Netwo Different roundabouts

Linear System

No-touch picking experience

Transportation network

Supply fresh supermarket

Fast Transportation

Rainwater collection system

Negative space

25

Linear planting

Slow system

Strategy

Result

3 Urban Food Networks

Proposed Benefit

Work Flow Availability

Transportation Network

Vegetable

Consumer Food system

Master plan

Production Green Network

Accessibility

Activity Syntheses roundabouts

Food waste reuse Recycle Network

Awareness

Site plan

Water reuse

Floating Food Island

Solar energy

Transportation Network

Sustainability

Work Flow Sale point Transport

UVA pickig

Supply line

Shopping APP Transport

ork

Vegetable harvest

Traffic transit

Fresh supermarket

Transport

Consumer

Dining

Manage Storage toundabout

Green way

Transport

Roundabout Participate Agricultural planting

Residents Migrant workers Voluntary Agency

Goverment

Enterprise

Garbage

Recycle Network Manage

Basic Treatment

Recycle Roundabout Community Recycling Facility

Purify Irrigation water

Rainwater Waste water collection Decomposition

Biogas

Kitchen waste

Food package

Pressure generation

Solar collection

Store Electricity

26

MASTER PLAN Three food networks are superimposed on the viaduct system. We specially make use of the grey space of traffic roundabouts for different purposes.

Site

Legend Recycle site Syntheses Roundabout Education Roundabout Research Roundabout Production Roundabout Storage Roundabout Influence area Food mall Secondary transportation line First-level transportation line Elevated route Recycling line

27

N

0 500 1000

2500

5000

10000 M

SITE FORMATION Morphogenesis

Trees

SITE LAYERS Outer skin

VEGETABLE PLANNING Greenhouse

Upper layer

Simulate the shape of trees Vitis vinifera

Production

Elevator

Solanum lycopersicum

Cucumis sativus

Vegetable hydroponic tube Water

Lablab purpureus Solanum melongena Hydroponics

Activity area Seed cultivation Vegetable market

Activity

Data monitoring room

Residents

Pisum sativum

Continuous pipeline

Middle level Vegetarian restaurant Brassica oleracea

Brassica chinensis

Allium.fistulosum

Brassica pekinensis

Daucus carota

Raphanus sativus

Lactuca sativa

Zingiber officinale Roscoe

Petroselinum crispum

Chrysanthemum coronarium

Spinacia oleracea

Lactuca sativa

Food Education

Video & Coffee

Researcher

Viaduct Lower level

Green space Understory forest Mitigating global warming Enrich urban green network

Reduce automobile exhaust

ELEVATION

28

FLOATING FOOD ISLAND SITE PLAN- Aerial layer Mall Vegetable warehouse

Vegetable production and education are the main functions of the site. As a syntheses roundabout, the site also serves as an urban forest, connecting the surrounding four areas and undertaking rich activities.

Parking lot

1 2 9

6 5

Plane generation

Viaduct

Production 8 7

3

Legend Residential area

29

Parking lot

N

0

10 20

50

Vegetable hydroponic pipe

Stadium

4

100

200

M

1.Hydroponic planting pipeline 2.Video education area 3.Hydroponic observation area 4.Vegetable Restaurant 5.Vegetable data monitoring center 6.Supermarket/ Seedling cultivation area 7.Outdoor ramp 8.Vertical elevator 1 9.Vertical elevator 2

Education People activities

Connection

FLOATING FOOD ISLAND SITE PLAN- Ground floor Mall Vegetable warehouse

Parking lot 1 2 8

3 4

6

Plane generation

7

Connection

5

9

10 13

11

Urban forest

12

Stadium

Legend

Residential area

Parking lot

N

0

10 20

50

100

200

M

1.Mall entrance plaza 2.Outdoor vegetable market 3.Cafe 4.Vertical elevator 2 5.Resident participatory farm 6.Supermarket/ Seedling cultivation area 7.Greenhouse Agriculture Exhibition 8.Air floor entrance 9.Pedestrian bridge 10.Bicycle lane 11.Skateboarding area 12.Planting water purification 13.Vertical elevator 1

Activities Mall Outdoor vegetable market

Vegetable warehouse Vegetable supermarket Vegetable production

Planting water perification/ Recreation Residential area

Skateboarding area Stadium

30

PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION PROCESS UVA picking

Ripe fruit and vegetables

Water planting Seeds Sending message

Useless parts

Sending message Seedling cultivation with special care Fertilize understory forest

Data monitoring room

Leftover food

Restaurant

Transportation on the day

Transportation network

Warehouse

Supermarket

PROFILE

Rainwater collection and utilization Vegetable harvest and sale Tour route and activity

Rain collection

Sun light Elevated negative factors blocking

Vegetable

Education

Data monitoring UAV picking

Stop pollution

31

Open maeket Sightseeing

Irrigation

Elevator

Farmland

Flyover

Nursery

Supermarket

Greenhouse

Transport

RESEARCH AND SALES AREA This is where the second-story greenhouse meets the ground. The hemispherical building has the function of cultivating seedlings and vegetable supermarket.

32

AUDIOVISUAL EDUCATION ZONE Popular science videos on vegetable planting are shown on the big screen. The hydroponic pipe is full of vegetables.

33

GROUND PARENT-CHILD FARMLAND Residents can personally experience the fun of growing vegetables on the ground farmland.

The three-dimensional farm seems to be floating in the air.

34

MODEL

Floating Food Island I started designing from the profile. I want the farm to grow from the ground like a tree. It grow over the elevated and gets enough sunlight. Vegetables grow near the shell. People carry out activities in the inner space.

35

Hydroponics Irrigation

Restaurant

Rain

Data monitoring

Supermarket Collection

36

4 MINE RECOVERTY Group work September 2019 Location: Zhangzhou City, China Size: 520ha

Mining hurt the mountain

Illegal mining activities lead to deforestation in Zhangzhou mountain areas. In 2019, the forest enclosed by the mining area was completely disconnected from the surrounding forest. As a result, the ecosystem cannot exchange energy, and the birds' migration route is blocked.

The average rainfall in Zhangzhou city is1000-1900 mm. A lot of rain fell on the bare land, which caused soil erosion. Town reservoirs and natural pools have become muddy "milk" lakes.

37

MINE EXCAVATING CONDITION

MINING AREA CHANGES OVER TIME

in Zhangzhou Mountain Area

Forest

Surrounding forest

Bare land

2005 2007

Legend

Factory The damage of soil(mild)

2010

Deforestation

Small mine Midumn mine Large mine

The damage of soil(mid) The damage of soil(high) Soil damage direction Runoff

Soil Erosion

0 100 200

400

800

(m)

Soil erosion (Serious)

2013

Soil erosion (mild)

Polluted lake Soil erosion direction Road

2016

HOW WE LOST Mining Growth

Deforestation

Cutting Trees

Soil Erosion 2019

Living over 350 kinds of birds Over 2400 acres natural forest 2005

2007

2010

2013

2016

2019

The forest in middle completely separated from the surrounding forest.

38

There are four phases of the mine restoration. The first phase is to control soil erosion. In the second, third, and fourth phases, I gradually built a green ecological network to link broken forest belts.

Planning

FOUR TPHASES PLANNING

Time line History of destruction 2015

2016

Construct a green belt, link the broken forest and the surrounding forest

Strengthen one of the ecological axes and become an animal migration corridor

Build a green circle and form a network

Recover Location

Repair the flow section with severe soil erosion

2017

2018

Phase 3 Re-greening

Phase 1 Soil erosion preventment Phase 2 Re-greening 2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

Phase 4 Re-greening 2033

2034

2035

2036

2037

2038

2039

FRAMEWORK Strategy 1_ Soil erosion preventment Strategy 1_ Soil erosion preventment

History Cutting trees Cutting trees Digging and mining Digging and mining

Soil erosion Soil erosion

Analysis of water collecting Analysischannels of water collecting channels

Apply construction plan Apply construction plan

Two problems appeared in the history of destruction, namely soil erosion and forest belt fracture. The design proposes two complementary strategies and selects two sites for design. Then promote sites and form the master plan.

Apply planting plan Apply planting plan

Experiment Site 1 Experiment Site 1

Basic machining

Basic machining

Abandoned stones on the slope Abandoned stones on the slope Transporting stones with Transporting truckswith stones trucks Fine machining in factories Fine machining factories Dischargeinwastewater

39

Discharge wastewater

Strategy 2_ Re-greening Strategy 2_ Re-greening

Forest belt break Forest belt break

Analysis breakage reasons Analysis breakage reasons

Manage the soil Manage the soil

Master plan Master plan Seeding Seeding

Trees natural grow Trees natural grow

Experiment Site 2 Experiment Site 2

MASTER PLAN

Wood land: N

0 250 500

2000 (m)

1000

Bird watching in top

Crossing the forest

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Pinus thunbergii

Quercus glauca

Elaeocarpus sylvestris

Magnolia figo

Ficus heterophylla

Grass land:

Bird watching in mines

Rest stop

Magnolia fortunei

Viburnum dilatatum

Axonopus compressus

Cynodon dactylon

Site 2

A large number of migratory birds staying

Picnic by streams

Bird watching

Wet land: The famous "Three Treasure Birds of Fujian"

Site 1 Canna indica

Rest area

Music lake

Rest stop

Anser albifrons, the second class national protected birds in Fujian Province

Parking lot

Entrance

Phragmites communis

Legend:

Lythrum salicaria

Farmland Wood land

Lake

Grass land

Main road

Wetland

Village road

Village

sightseeing spot

40

STRATEGY 1_ SOIL EROSION PREVENTMENT Profile construction strategy

Different levels of soil erosion Considering about the gradients of bare land and the flow of river, we divided the erosion river into six types. Then we proposed six possible plans perspectively. The plans included soil construction and planting methods.

Location

Profile planting effect Profile A

Water width (m)

Profile A

8

Stable nail steel Protential erosion soil

Retaining wall Stone block

C

Bank Slush

Water pipe Plastic

C

3

B Very steep slop

C

B

C B

Profile B

Retaining wall Stone block

Water pipe Plastic

A

F

Protential erosion soil

Stable nail steel

Water width (m) 3

C

Bank Slush

3

Profile B

D E

Water filtration Water flow through the stone

Profile C

Profile C

Water preventment Cement Protential erosion soil

D

Retaining war Stone and metal net Water width in raining days (m) 12

Steep slop

Water width in others days (m)

Water width in raining days (m)

Profile D Design site

4

4

Profile D

12

Water width in others days (m) 4

River Clean channel

4

Water preventment Cement Water filtration Water flow through the stone

Bank Retaining war Stone and metal net Slush

Flat slop

Soil erosion channal: Small flow channel Middle flow channel Large flow channel

Profile E Large flow

Profile E

Profile A

Water filtration Water flow through the stone

Profile D River flow

Middle flow

Profile B

Retaining war Stone

Profile E Small flow

Profile C Profile F

Steep slop 15°~25° Very steep slop ﹥25°

41

Profile F Profile F

Flat slop 5°~15° Gradient

New soil layer Slush from the river

New soil layer Slush from the river

No construction

SITE1 PLAN

Location

Original site

There are three kinds of soil erosion in the site, and different strategies are used to conserve water and soil.

N

0m

50m

Rain

100m

SITE1 RENDERING

Location

In the wetland, plants purify the dirty water.

200m

ProfileA and Dirty milk lake restoration

ProfileB restoration

ProfileD restoration

Reservoir New trees Water Roads Gravel dam Manager room

42

SITE 1_ SOIL EROSION PREVENTMENT Original landscape:

Dirty milk lake

Bare steep slop with stone

Human construction:

Clean the silt

Remove the stone

Build dam (stone block)

Change the slop into platform

Natural process: Build retaining wall (gabion) Plant trees

Natural process

Large flow of water with multiple sendiment

Build retaining wall (stone block)

Transform into small pool & change soil & plant trees

Slow down river and store water

Store water and particles precipitate

Transform into wet land & change soil & plant trees

Purify water

Clean water enter into reservoir

Rainwater collection

Store excess water

Store excess water

rainwater collection

Precipitate small particals

Precipitate large particles

Human Construction

Store water Nature lake

Purify water

Sloping land Clean water Artificial wetland

Phragmites communis

Phragmites communis Acorus calamus

Zizania Iatifolia

ProfileD restoration

Oryza Typha orientalis sativa

Myriophyllum aquaticum

Eichhornia crassipes

ProfileB restoration

Canna indica

Profile A and dirty milk lake restoration

Vallisneria spiralis

Eichhornia crassipes Typha orientalis

Canna indica Zizania Iatifolia

Plant analysis 43

Phragmites Oryza communis sativa

Reservoir

STRATEGY 2_ RE-GREENING A. Mine pit

B.Steep slope with stones

Land construction

Use stones to build the retaining wall

Clean the silt

Change soil

Loosen the land

Plant trees

Plant trees

Dig small pool beside the lake

Seeding

Plant trees

Trees grow

Trees grow

Nature trees spread seeds

Trees grow

Local trees involve

C.Bare land beside nature lake

D.Polluted land near factory

E.Compacted land by transportation

Phase1- Bare Analysis Five types of bare land

Phase2 Human constructiion

Phase3 Human constructiion and inviting nature

Phase4 Natural process

44

SITE2 PLAN

Location

Original site

The site contains three types of bare land, which are restored by different strategies. In the rainy season, a number of water pools are arranged along the catchment line to store water and provide surrounding irrigation.

N

0m

50m

100m

200m

Rain

C.Bare land beside nature lake restoration

Irrigation B. Steep slope with stones restoration A. Mine pit restoration

New trees Water Roads external road

45

SITE2 RENDERING

Location

Standing on the folding bridge of the pit pool, people look at the terraces in the distance.

SITE2 _ RE-GREENING PROCESS

Natural process:

Three types of bare land:

C.Bare land beside nature lake

Human construction:

Dig pools near lake

Rain

B. Steep slope with stones

A. Mine pit

Ues stone to build the retaining wall

Change the slop into platform

Cover the soil

Cover the soil

Trees grow up

Plant anti-barren trees

Plant fast-growing trees

Trees spread from the water

Local trees replace anti-barren trees

Local trees replace anti-barren trees

Clean the silt

Fill the pool Irrigate

Original trees’ seeds

Natural Process

Rain Nature biocoenosis evolution

Trees spread from water Transpiration

Nature biocoenosis evolution

Plant anti-barren trees Plant fast-growing trees

Runoff fill the pool Irrigation

Water cycle

Human Construction

Tree evolution Road

A. Mine pit

C. Bare land beside nature lake

B. Steep slope with stones

46

1300-1400 Water Town Agriculture

5 RECONSTRUCTION OF GRAND CANAL WHARF Individual work Graduation project June 2020 Instructor: Fang Wei Location: Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China Size: 46.56ha

1992-2009 Cargo Wharf

2020 Water Pollution

The Grand Canal was listed as a world cultural heritage in 2009. The site is located in the Wuxi section of the Grand Canal and has a rich history.

If parchment is repeatedly written and erased, the writing marks will remain on it each time. Like parchment, the design site also contains more than one layer of history. I selected two typical pieces of history. Then combine with the ecological problems of contemporary canal water pollution. The design is a superposition of three levels.

47

ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTRUCTION ALONG THE GRAND CANAL WUXI SECTION

CONCEPT

Analyze the overall cultural construction of the Grand Canal in Wuxi. In the reconstruction activities of historical sites, there are four types of built sites, including park green space, exhibition hall, remained historical site and port area.

I take this site as a piece of parchment, every construction and demolition in history will leave marks it. In the design, I integrate two historical levels, water village agriculture and industrial wharf, with the contemporary water ecology need.

Park green space Exhibition Hall

Huishan ancient town

Huangbudun Canal Park

Historical site

Jiangjian Park

Port area

Huishan Park

Xishuidun -- Cultural Park

Layer3, 2020 Riverside Park deal with water pollution

Former residence of Xue Fucheng Nanzen-ji Temple Taosha Lane

Maoxin flour mill -- Museum Sports Park Kaiyuan machine factory --Art Gallery Xianlidun Park

Yongtai silk factory -- China Silk Industry Museum Qingmingqiao historic district

Wuxi Museum

Layer2, 1992-2009 Industrial Wharf

Daffodils

Layer1, 1300-1992 Water Village Agriculture

Site

Xiadianqiao port area

Liangtanghe ecological park

TIME LINE OF THE GRAND CANAL WUXI SECTION

Site

Site

B.C.495-610 Fu Chai, king of Wu, dug the ancient waterways.

Then, emperor of Sui Dynasty dredged and widened the waterway.

Site

1300-1400

1600-1800

1895

1958

1985

1992-2009

2020

The Grand Canal promotes the prosperity of Wuxi Rice economy. Rice is planted in the farmland along the river.

The shipping function of The Grand Canal directly promoted the prosperity and development of Wuxi City.

Along the canal is full of grain processing industry, textile industry, silk reeling industry.

The new canal is excavated to undertake the function of canal navigation.

Highway construction, large proportion of Wuxi passenger liner suspended.

Freight yard wharf was built in 1992. But the The canal freight volume reduced rapidly, the wharf was abandoned in 2009.

The government plans to build a green City Riverside Park.

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WATER POLLUTION & INDUSTRIAL WHARF REMAINS 1300-1992

1992-2009

Now

Water Village Agriculture

Industrial Wharf

Water Pollution

Site

WATER VILLAGE AGRICULTURAL- Landscape Texture Study Four farmland types in Taihu Lake Region

Common features Dense river network A

Fish and Rice are the main products B

Small farmland unit and staggered arrangement of fish pond and farmland Industrial sewage

Texture group Texture unit

350m

Typical texture 1

600m

L×W=150m×70m Farmland and fish pond

Land Farmland House

Agriculture products

350m

Typical texture 2

Land Water

The Grand Canal

ge

sc

di

a ew

Fish pond

Railway stormwater runoff Sewage discharge The grand canal

S

Workshop Tower crane Train track Container

Water pollution analysis Domestic sewage Railway stormwater

Industrial sewage L×W=66m×66m

330m Estuary

C

Domestic sewage

Water Land Silver carp

River network

Water land ratio

Perch

River

r ha

Water Land

Black carp

Landscape texture

ge

780m

Silk

Typical texture 3

L×W=31m×110m

River network

Farmland

Land Farmland House

Water Land

Industrial wharf remains analysis Rice

470m

Workshop

180m

Potato

Typical texture 4

Debris waters

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Land Water

W=13m Earth embankment

Rape

240m

Water Land

Train track

Container

Tower crane

MORPHOGENESIS

The sewage from the surrounding factories is discharged into the canal through the ship channel.

The original sewage is introduced into the site and purified step by step in the site.

Turn the original three rivers into one.

FRAMEWORK Analysis

Concept

Strategies

River sections

Functions

Centralized purification Upper planning of the Grand Canal Wuxi section

Layer1 Contemporary water ecological

Morphology change

Terrace purification Wetlands purification

Water purification

Factory sewage

Water purification

Flood

Sightseeing Boat

Exhibition hall

Leisure lawn

Play

Strategy1 Use site to purify the sewage Layer2 Industrial wharf culture Site

Play Strategy2 Elastic green space Fish pond

Layer3 Water town Agricultural culture

Strategy3 Preserve and transform relics

Silk experience area

Rice planting

Agricultural production Flood relief Normal time

Strategy4 Use agricultural texture

Flood time

Severe flood time

Agricultural production

Flood relief Strategy5 Add traditional industries

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MASTER MASTER PLAN PLAN Production water

Elastic green space

Purification water

Rain garden

Landscape water N 0

25 50

100

200 (m)

Water analysis

Elastic region analysis

First grade road

10m

Second grade road

8m 6m 4m 2m 0m -2m

Road analysis

Terrain analysis

A B

Indoor purification tank

Sewage purification area

Agricultural products exhibition

Mulberry fish pond District

C D E

Wetland veranda

Central Lake area

Leisure Pavilion

A

Lake Pavilion

Silk industry exhibition area Wetland Farmland Area

B

C D

E

Architectural analysis

functional analysis

Corridor on the second floor Preservation of remains

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1. Parking lot 2. Lake platform 3. Entrance square 4. Indoor filter 5. Terrace aeration tank 6. Forest Theater 7. Subsurface flow wetland 8. Mulberry fish pond 9. Reservoir 10.Terrace purification

11. Lake viewing gallery 12. Cruise terminal 13. Tour bridge 14. Twin Islands 15. Agriculture Exhibition Hall 16. Pebble Beach 17. Silk crafts exhibition area 18. Leisure lawn 19. Corridor on the second floor 20. Rain garden

21. Workshop rack 22. Wetland 23. Urban agriculture 24. Entrance square 25. Parking lot

Heritage analysis

Vegetation analysis

WATER PURIFICATION STRATEGY Subsurface flow wetland

Terrace aeration tank

Water flows step by step to reduce the precipitation of harmful substances. Filters between each stage can filter large particles of sand or garbage.

Adsorption of harmful substances in sewage with sandstone, activated carbon and diatoms.

Add chemical precipitant to precipitate pollutants.

Terrace wetland

The use of surface plants for organic pollution purification can reduce the eutrophication of the canal water body. The water is stripshaped and can introduce human activities.

Central Lake

The open central lake provides a good view.

Floating wetland reservoir

The flow slows down in the reservoir and settles some organic particles from the pond.

Wetland

Water flows through the underground sand and gravel and adsorbed substances, which can reduce the site's soil hardening while eliminating pollution more efficiently.

Submergence probability

Hydrophilicity

organic pollution Inorganic pollution 3.1m Water line 2.5m Water line 1.7m Water line

Sedimentation tank

Terrace aeration tank

Subsurface flow wetland

Mulberry fish pond

0m Water line Floating wetland reservoir

Terrace wetland

Central Lake

Wetlands

The grand canal

52

LANDSCAPE TEXTURE & AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY

Dital Plan

Fish pond

Silk industry exhibition area

Urban farmland

Centre lake

Wetland

Reference Texture

Agricultural Industry

Mulberry plantation

Sericulture Collecting silk Drying silk

Rice production Silk cloth display

Silkworm sand Wetland area

Textile Use for fish feed Planting soil Pond scum

Fertilizer supply

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Organic soil

Breeding waste

Fertilizer supply

BIRD'S EYE VIEW Keep the original factory building and transform it into a sightseeing pavilion.

Keep the original container and transform it into houses in the silk processing experience area.

Imitate the agricultural texture of the water village and grow rice.

Keep the original remains of the tower crane. Build a two-story veranda on the basis of it.

The wetland has a water purification function. It also serves as a resilient area for floods.

Perspective position

Cinnamomum camphora Acer pictumThunb

Taxus chinensis

Ginkgo biloba

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Ligustrum lucidum

Salix babylonica

Buxus sinica

Phragmites communis

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Berberis thunbergii

Canna indica

Zizania latifolia

Sagittaria trifolia

Monochoria korsakowii

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Platycladus orientalis

Scirpus validus

Iris tectorum

Phragmites communis

Eichhornia crassipes

Taxodium distichum

Pseudolarix amabilis

Cyperus papyrus

Miscanthus sinensis

Nymphaea tetragona

Schoenoplectus trigueter

Zelkova serrata

Square

Elastic green space

Norm

Water

al wa

Wetland

ter lev

el

Water level o nce in level o 30 yea nce in rs 10 yea rs

Elastic green space

Forest

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URBAN AGRICULTURE

Change the rails, the wharf remains, into planting ponds.

The field of vision is wide, a n d I c o m e h er e ever y week to take pictures.

I take my family here for a walk after dinner every day.

Thanks for the construction of the park for providing me with a job.

The ecological environment here is amazing! There are many cute wild animals!

The wheat sprouts that I claimed here on the railroad tracks have grown again last week, and it is really nice to take care of them.

Here is the perspective of the Urban agriculture area. The abandoned railroad tracks are used as small rain gardens along the bridge. The vision is wide and pure, and the animals and plants grow naturally.

55

SILK CRAFTS EXHIBITION HALL Convert containers, the wharf remains into buildings.

The silk here is really a work of art.It ’s so fun to experience the Chinese traditional sericulture culture.

The bamboo buildings there are so interesting, I come to see the new silk every weekend!

The lit tle flowers here are ver y beautiful! I can also experience the making of silk myself!

Here is the perspective of the Silk crafts exhibition area. The original steel frame on the site will be used to dry silk. Tourists can participate in every process of sericulture.

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MODEL

03 Agriculture exhibition hall 02 Connection of Centre lake and Wetland

05 06 Tour bridge Mulberry fish pond

04 Centre lake

01 Rain garden

Road formation

57

01

02

03

For this project, I used handpainted methods to examine the entire site, including water shapes, roads, and terrain.

I have studied a lot of the relationships between topography and water in nature.

These guided me to draw the shape of water and terrain in my design.

04

05

06

58