SM
A
S
l e n n u
When?
T R
Feature
What is ‘SMART’?
Description
Location
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Length
9.7 km (including a 4 km double deck motorway)
Diameter
13.2 m
Depth
20 m
Users
Light vehicles not exceeding 2 m in height
Operational Modes Holding Pond
Storage Reservoir
MODE 1: No Storm
Operating Speed
60 km/h
Ventilation
4 ventilation shafts
Safety
- Emergency Equipments - First Response Vehicles - Monitoring and Surveillance - Fire Exits and Emergency Phones
Storage Reservoir
Holding Pond
MAY: TBM “Splendid” commences activity
MODE 2: Minor Storm Storage Reservoir
NOV: SSP and Mott Macdonald are commissioned to help with design and engineering
Why? Fast economic and population growth • More congestion • Higher frequency and greater impact of floods
Property damage and loss of lives
Negative impact on socio-economic activities
JUN: After convincing PM, official contract is signed between government and Joint Venture
JAN: MMCGamuda receives official notice to proceed
Construction 2003-2007
SMART stands for Stormwater Management And Road Tunnel
Holding Pond
APR: Malaysian PM seeks proposals for a more effective solution to severe annual flooding. MMC-Gamuda Joint Venture formed
MAR: Orders for 2 slurry TBMs signed with Herrenknecht
SEP: TBM “Luck” commences activity
OCT: PM resigns. New PM questions high investment of project
DEC: Beginning of site investigation and research into KL geology
APR: After delays, TBM “Luck” finishes its tunnelling length
APR: TBM “Splendid” completes its target tunnelling length
DEC: TBM “Splendid” reaches first tunnelling milestone
Deterioration of the Capitalʼs image
MAY: Highway Tunnel opens to traffic JUN: Storm Management Tunnel Construction completed
Toll (per use) RM 2.00 (US$0.63)
Objectives: 1. Mitigating Floods! 2. Reducing Traffic Congestion
MODE 3: 2: Major Storm
2001 !!
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2003!
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Project Type?
Who? The Stakeholder Analysis Matrix & Project Organisation
Technology
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DID
MHA
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2006! !
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2007
Risks?
The Diamond (NTCP) Model (Shenhar & Dvir, 2007)
Government
2004! !
The PESTEL Model
Super-high-tech
Risk Type
High-tech
Risk Identification
Risk Mitigation
POWER Keep satisfied
Key players
Government
Medium-tech
Project Managers Private Joint Venture MMC-Gamuda Berhad
Project Managers
Political
Low-tech
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Array
Assembly
Employees
Internal
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Social
Time-Critical
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Users
Design &! Construction ! !
Keep informed
W & F! North! ! Tunnel! ! Drive
HK! !
ACPI
TBM! Supplier!
Sunway
Precast! Segments
Novelty
INTEREST KEY
External
DID: Department of Drainage & Irrigation MHA: Malaysian Highway Authority SSP: Sepakat Setia Perunding
Technological Pace
Deck Panels
MM: Mott Macdonald W&F: Wayss & Freytag HK: Herrenknecht ACPI: ACP Industries
First multi-purpose flood control tunnel in the world
Environmental
Sophisticated system involving multiple components
Legal Technology
tunnelling High reliability on two TBMs
Complexity
Used Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) which was first developed in 1825
Lack of public confidence Sinkholes resulting from
Blitz
SSP! MM!
recovering from 1997 “Asian Financial Crisis”
Fast/Competitive
!"#
Suppliers
Economical
Breakthrough
!
!!
Minimal effort!
Derivative Regular
Press & Media Local Communities
High opportunity cost;
Novelty System
Subcontractors and Suppliers
project
Platform
Complexity Subcontractors
Change of government
Convince party of the importance of
Pace
An immediate need to alleviate flood problems
Pollution, vibration and noise disturbance
Project costs shared - 70% governmentfunded, 30% Joint Venture Communicate uniqueness of project Thorough site investigation TBMs fitted with redundancy schemes Work spread over 24 hour shifts
Property rights extending to
Tunnel designed to follow existing public
the centre of the earth
properties
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What was Learnt?
Success ! !
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Failure
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• Unique and Innovative Dual-Concept
Cost-effectiveness
Communicate scope of project to public
Strong working methods: local/international links
Properly explore post-project requirements
damage and US$1.26 billion in traffic congestion
High level of safety management
Avoid setting unrealistic deadlines; uncertainty with tunnelling projects
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• No major floods in area since opening in 2007
Knowledge learnt about ground under Kuala Lumpur
Avoid rushing into projects; have correct contracts in place
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• Mode 3 used c.8 times and Mode 2 over 35 times
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• Project completed on budget at c. US$514 million
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• Expected to prevent US$1.58 billion in flood
! !
or
Success
! ! ! ! ! !
• C. 30,000 car users/day. Travel time into city centre reduced from 15-20 to only 4 minutes • Project recognised by national and international !
awards
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Failure ! !
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• Highway opening delayed by almost a year !
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• Stormwater Tunnel opening delayed by six months !
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• Was there a cheaper alternative?
What’s Next? Thailand •
• Unexplored post-project cleaning and management
costs • Encouraging people to use cars and not public transport Kuala Lumpur transit usage already very low at c.16%
•
Emulates the technology of SMART Tunnel to channel rainwater surplus to refill its underground reserves Proposed Budget: US$ 3.5 billion
Indonesia • Public not given correct info on areas tunnel would protect. Tunnel only handles 45% of floodwater
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• Reservoir water contamination caused by dirt, oil, chemicals from Tunnel
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Jakarta SMART Tunnel to overcome flood problems and traffic congestions in the capital Estimated Cost: US$ 1.7 billion
Within Malaysia •
Using the same TBM technology to construct Mass Rapid Transit (Underground) in Greater Kuala Lumpur
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Long-Term measures to build more floodwater retention ponds to divert water from one river to another
MA02 CABEJ
Andrew Foo Jiawen Deng Clarence Cheng Benoit Lavedeau Elizabeth Stapleton