Portfolio_Cheng Ju Lee by Cheng Ju Lee

CON TEX TUAL WORKS Lee Cheng Ju Portfolio 2012-2021

PROFESSIONAL WORK ALP Ally Logistics DKSH

JJP Architects and Planners, 2018-2020

Taipei Metro Linear Park

Holing Chang Architect Inc., 2017 Professional Work, First Prize (in Collaborate with Ecoscpoe Design & Fieldscape Design)

Alvogen Nantou

JJP Architects and Planners, 2019

Cosmic Light Holistic Care Organization

JJP Architects and Planners, 2017

Khuntor Tainan

Freelance, 2020

AMBA Taipei Zhongshan Hotel

Bio Architecture Formosana, 2014

Xiang Dong Cafe Freelance, 2020

Personal Website

ACADEMIC WORK Barataria on the Move

GSAPP, Summer Studio, 2021

Algaculture

GSAPP, Fall Studio, 2020

Reprogramming Autoscapes

GSAPP, Spring Studio, 2021

Sites & Sights X-Informational Modeling

GSAPP, Spring, 2021

NYC Elder’s Sanctuary

Geographic Information Systems GSAPP, Fall, 2020

In Flux

NCKU, Thesis Design, 2016 NCKU Architecture Thesis Design Award Honorable Mention, 2016 TEAM 20 Architecture & Urban Planning Competition

Long Live the Green

Competition, 2016 Honorable Mention, Arch out Loud International Competition Tokyo Vertical Cemetery

Re - Promenade

NCKU, Year 5, Optional Studio, 2015

The Grand Stage

106

2020 Taipei Fine Arts Museum X-Site Competition "X-Reality", 2019

Playvilion

114

NCKU, Year4, Optional Studio, 2015

ALP Ally Logistics DKSH / How to build a efficient system for logistics? J.J.Pan and Partners Architects and Planners Team Work with Min Chiu Site: Taoyuan, Taiwan Type: Architecture Design My Work: Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Drawing, Permit Drawing, Renderings 2017.07 - 2018.02 With the rapid growth of IOT industry, the logistical warehouse become an important building type. Unlike the usual horizontal type of logistics center. The limited small site give us a chance to develop the accumulated vertical volume. Compared to the horizontal volume, the accumulated vertical volume is much more efficient than the horizontal type. The ASRS system help the architecture itself to have the maximum capacity and minimum surface area in order to minimum the construction cost. The distinctive oblique volume is to respond the site's special shape and angle. With this oblique form, the ground level is free to logistics circulation, and above the ground floor are the distribute area for the goods inside. With the vertical conveyor, the goods inside can be rapidly transported from first floor to the fourth floor.

1F Plan / Collaborate with Min Chiu 6

12m

Up: Wall Section Scale=1/400 / Down: Facade Detail Scale=1/80 7

1 / Straighten the Circulation

Taipei Metro Linear Park

2 / Input Light Boxes

/ Turning the infrastructure to a linear park Holing Chang Architect Inc. (Collaborate with Ecoscope Design & Fieldscape Design) Competition, First Prize My Work: Underground Shopping Street: Concept Design, Drawings, Renderings Autumn, 2016

Concept Diagram

The site was initially a linear park with an underground shopping street that is lack of connection to the local community and shopping district. Our office was in charge of the underground part. Rather than demolishing all the existing design, we decide to keep most of the existing part. With our analysis to the local district, we tried to make the tortuous shopping street straight and simple. We inserted several light boxes and improve the quality of public space. The light box lights up the original dim shopping street and also serve as a commercial ad box and sign box. Moreover, we input more street furniture that respond to the exit to the ground in order to keep people gathered together. With our design, we successfully vitalize the original lifeless shopping street.

Ground Level Part (Design byEcoscpoe Design) 8

Alvogen Nantou / Facade renovation of a existing industrial building J.J.Pan and Partners Architects and Planners Team Work with Greg Lin Site: Nantou, Taiwan Type: Architecture Design My Work: Schematic Design, Design Development, Renderings 2019.06 -

Window Renewing

Tinted Glass Perforated Aluminum Plate Exposed Concrete without Segments

Exposed Concrete with Segments

Cosmic Light Holistic Care Organization / Office for church organization J.J.Pan and Partners Architects and Planners Site: Taipei, Taiwan Type: Interior Design My Work: Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Drawing, Permit Drawing, Renderings 2017.07 - 2017.11

Khuntor Tainan / Bar & Dining Design Freelance Team Work with Eric Gao Site: Tainan, Taiwan Type: Interior Design My Work: Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Drawing, Construction Site Management 2019.12 - 2020.04

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AMBA Taipei Zhongshan / Renewing a 50 year old apartment to hotel Internship Bio Architecture Formosana Site: Taipei, Taiwan Type: Facade Design & Renovation (finished) My Work: Design Study 2014.07 - 2015.02

1 2 3 16

1 / Exterior Appearance 2 / Entrance 3 / Entrance and logo pattern

Xiang Dong Cafe / Cafe design Freelance Team Work with Eric Gao Site: Tainan, Taiwan Type: Interior Design My Work: Schematic Design, Design Development, Construction Drawing 2020.01 -

Barataria on the Move / A Vision for a Proposerous and Growing Mississippi River Delta. GSAPP, Summer Studio Instructor: Kate Orff, Geeta Mehta, Adriana Chavez, Dillip Da Cunha, Justine Holzman, Tori Vuono Site: Barataria, Louisiana, U.S. Type: Urban Design Group Work, cooperated with Aruna Ananta Das, Thanawat Phituksithkasem, Zuzzanna Jarzyńska Summer, 2021 Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion will reinvigorate the oversalinated wetlands of the Mississippi River Delta, currently separated from the fresh water and sediment supply by levees. We propose a strategy to help local communities retain ownership of- and presence in the basin both during the process (when waters rise) and after it’s completion (when land is formed). The project puts forward 3 ‘units of change’: Strategic Willow Planting - reinforcing land forming processes; Wetland Literacy Initiative - building on the existing data systems in pursuit of building wetland constituencies and supporting local resilience; Oyster Farmers Cooperative is constituted by floating oyster hatching hubs that ensure higher mobility of local fishermen in conditions of shifting water salinity. The three symbiotic systems are anchored in Myrtle Grove Hub, which acts as a gateway connecting leveed areas and the Barataria Basin. Understanding the value of the local community’s involvement in building a robust economic system based on research-driven adaptive management, we put forward a new and replicable model of living and working synergistically with the wetlands. ArcStoryMap:

Wetland Loss Wetland loss in coastal Louisiana can be primarily attributed to rising sea levels and the construction of levees along the Mississippi River. To prevent further degradation, the CPRA, along with the Army Corps of Engineers, is planning a multi-billion dollar sediment diversion channel located south of New Orleans, near Myrtle Grove Marina. The project will divert 75,000 CFS of water from the Mississippi into the sediment-starved wetland in the Barataria basin recapturing approximately 27 sq miles of wetlands.

Affected communities- who are we talking to? We propose a transition from the current ecology and economy, using adaptive management schemes to build sustainable and resilient systems that address the needs of those affected by the transformation. The key stakeholders in the process include CPRA, Army Corps of Engineers, and communities whose livelihoods are affected by the transition: oyster farmers, land owners and residents. The CPRA is driven by the long term benefits that revitalizing wetlands brings. The land owners are driven by the profits their land returns. Residents seek ways to remain in their current locations and thrive regardless of the changing landscapes. Simultaneously, the oyster farmers opposing the project are driven by the profits from and longevity of their business.

Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries

CPRA Lead Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion Project, distribute funds

Shrimp Farming

Provide permissions and assist

Oyster Processing Towns Initiative

Provide assistance on Eco tourism

Eco Trips

Boat Library

Oyster Farming

APTIVE AD

Restore Barataria Alliance

Army Corps of Engineers

Lead Project design and implementation

Louisiana Travel Association

AGEM E N

New Road Access

Recreation

Coalition to Restore Coastal Louisiana Lead community and institution outreach

Willow Processing Land Forming

Research

School Programs

Plaquemines

LSU

Enable local engagement in all phases of the process

on research

Restore the

In contrast to the highly engineered, cost-heavy and permanent nature of the Mid-Barataria Sediment Diversion project, we offer a set of smaller, research-driven interventions that Mississippi work in synergyParish and support the growth of local social, economic and ecologicalProvide resilience.assistance River Delta Lead research

In hope to orchestrate a collaborative effort, our team turns to a balanced mediation between the goals of national organizations like the CPRA and the existing local coalitions. The morphing of habitats to combat climate change and dynamic model of management to enable supporting economies are designed to be replicable in other areas planned for sediment diversion in the Mississippi River delta and beyond.

Strategic Willow Planting

In order to accelerate the ecological change induced by the fresh water infusion, the first intervention takes the form of sediment retention structures, complemented by willow planting and g Both the sediment retention structures and willows capture sediment that with steady accumulation creates sustainable and natural barricades against sea level rise and storm surges. The prod alternative fuel manufacturers. In this way, the areas that once benefited from fishing and farming can remain productive and thrive.

guided by close monitoring of the new landscape morphology. ducts of the plantations serve as potential sources of energy for

Wetland Literacy Initiative

With the land formation processes underway, research and educational facilities will be needed to repeatedly assess the changes as part of the adaptive management process. This sector will searchers and wetland navigators. It will also attract nature enthusiasts and students seeking for unique hands-on experiences, enforce wetland literacy among visitors and residents and high and all its inhabitants.

l not only provide new, specialized green jobs, such as field rehlight the unquestionable value of this area to the whole delta

Oyster Farmers Cooperative

The third intervention copes with the current difficulties faced by recreational and commercial fishermen and seafood farmers and anticipates the changes that could be made to the system du route taken by oyster farmers currently follows three steps. They start out by collecting oyster seeds and growing oysters from state owned seeding grounds in Little Lake. Then oysters are harve luted workflow formed due to multiple constraints, ranging from ecological support of each process, financial agreements outlining land leases to seed oysters, to the location of the already deve will change the ecology of the state-owned seeding grounds, an opportunity arises to develop a more streamlined workflow.

The solution must address the oyster farmers’ needs to physically relocate their farms based on the changing nutrient profile of growing areas - a consequence of building the diversion channel oyster culture, where cages attached to buoyant beds that house the oysters can be moved as growth conditions (i.e. water salinity levels) fluctuate. The solution must also either maintain or red and processing oysters. To meet that requirement, we have proposed that each bed will be supported by nodes that serve a dual purpose as hatcheries and harvesting centers. The distributed s than the current state owned seeding grounds but also co-locates seeding and harvesting. In addition, a canal will be secured and maintained to connect the wetland hub in Myrtle Grove Marin flow reduces the effort and associated costs incurred by oyster farmers. 30

uring Sediment Diversion project implementation. The physical ested in Barataria Bay and processed in Port Sulfur. This convoeloped processing center. Since the sediment diversion channel

l. To do so, oyster farmers can adopt the practice of off-bottom duce the travel distance between seeding, growing, harvesting system of nodes not only provides oyster seeds more efficiently na to the beds and harvesting sites in Barataria Bay. This work31

Hub In pursuit of a smooth economic transition for local communities and minimizing the costs associated with morphing the local ecology, the proposal includes establishment of a collective fishermen cooperative. Available resources, land and infrastructure are shared between all stakeholders. Core to the co-op is the wetland hub, which comprises three main components: an industrial section, a retail section and a research section. The industrial module will house a boat library, processing centers for willow farming and oyster farming, and serve as a shared gateway between water and land infrastructure. The retail module will cater to both the local communities and visitors, and create an active destination for residents of the towns along the levee. Lastly, the research and education module is dedicated to monitoring ecological changes, reinforcing adaptive management strategies.

1. Drop Off [9.00 am]

Melissa traveled from Port Sulphur, got off her car and started walking by foot on elevated path towards the hub

2. Research Center [9.30 am]

She met with researcher and checked out the most recent salinity and land formation data to plan her oyster beds location

3. Boat L [1.00

Since it is not th season, she too ists out on a boa the boat library

Launch 0 pm]

he harvest ok some tourat lended from

4. Co-op Market [3.00 pm]

5. Restaurant [5.00 pm]

Stopped by the co-op and bought some produce from other members home

Had her dinner at the restaurant surrounded by community members/ researchers/ tourists

A significant and highly anticipated consequence of adopting the cooperative management and ownership models of the wetland hub is cross-learning. The boat library is an important co-op resource. Essentially, it is a set of boats shared between willow planters, oyster farms, tourism guides and researchers. The benefits this brings goes beyond democratizing the initial capital required to purchase boats, it encourages the cross communication between farmers and researchers. Discussions between the two parties can enable rapid innovation in farming practices as well as feedback on the impact and applicability of research. As an additional benefit, when travel routes overlap between stakeholders, the transportation costs may be reduced. Infrastructure and facilities provided by the hub enable locals to create a continuous annual source of income. During ecological conditions that support the profitable pursuit of culturing oysters, the locals have the resources in the industrial module to process them post farming. In contrast, during conditions that promote the growth of willow plants the industrial module also provides resources to be used post harvesting. Reusing the same spaces for different activities is cost-effective and reinforces social infrastructure formation. By capturing the dynamically changing benefits of the diversion, communities will not only sustain but be able to prosper throughout the shifting landscape by constant adaptation, guided by informed strategies.

Algaculture / Imagine a energy producing waterfront. GSAPP, Fall Studio Instructor: Nans Voron, Austin Sakong, Ifeoma Ebo, Noah Chasin, Sagi Golan, Tami Banh Site: Inwood, New York City, U.S. Type: Urban Design Group Work, cooperated with Aruna Ananta Das, Lijing Yu, Yuehui Du Fall, 2020 With unprecedented human population growth, an increased frequency of climate catastrophes, and a depletion of fossil fuel reserves, governments are catalyzed to shift priorities from unchecked economic growth to investment in sustainable technologies. Inwood has a history of energy production. Energy institutions, dating back to the 1913 Macomb family's dam to power a mill, are driven by the time's economics. It is far from the demand for fossil fuels to wane, but the impact of how we extract the fuels can change, and a prime example is the use of algaculture along the waterfront in the light manufacturing zone in Inwood. Algae, like other plants, use photosynthesis to convert solar energy into chemical energy. They store this energy in the form of lipid oils, which can be converted to biodiesel. The project aims to use the algae energy industry to make the community participate and learn about energy production, liberates the industrial waterfront while also provides NYC a cleaner future.

Video:

Algae Cultivation Hub The cultivation hub is designed as a basement for the community to develop the whole industry. It is not only serve as a production center, but also as an open museum for all kinds of people to learn about this renewable energy.

Process of Algae Energy Industry

1 Water Filtration

A’

CO 2

PBR Cultivation

Algae

CO2 Absorbing

Clean Water

Biofuel Community

Processing & Storage

Electricity

Extraction

CO 2

Open Ponds

Coverting Solar A

Algae Storage Tank & Observation Passage

2 Algae Cultivation

5 MTA Bus Depot

Extracting Facility

7 Exisiting Manufacturing

6 Power Plant

Biofuel Storage

1 Water treatment Facility & Observation Deck

Algae Processing Circulation Visitor Circulation

Economic System

Waterfront Algae Farm

Adopt and invest by the community members.

Manage by the energy cooperation.

Community investers get the payback.

Riverbank Algae Farm The riverfront algae farm offers visitors a chance to participate the whole new energy producing process. It also offers local community to engage with this new industry by creating new jobs.

Household Algae Installations Residential units are designed to apply on the facade to produce algae. Algae will eventually transport to the processing center to produce biofuel.

Algae Byproducts Temporary Market Algae byproducts can be traded in the weekend temporary market in the public space. It will create extra income for the existing rent-burden community.

Riverbank Algae Farm The riverbank algae farm also serves as a filter system for processing the urban waste water. Waste water will treat as nutrients for algae and will finally turn into energy.

/ Less space for car, more space for people GSAPP, Fall Studio Instructor: Kaja Kühl , Lee Altman, Anna Dietzsch, Shachi Pandey, Thaddeus Pawlowski Site: Kingston, New York State, U.S. Type: Urban Design Group Work, cooperated with Anirudh Venkat, Dhania Yasmin, Yifei Luo Spring, 2021

Reprogramming Autoscapes Almost 500 acres of impermeable surfaces, mostly surplus car parking, lay underutilized in Kingston, a city with dire and urgent spatial needs such as housing and public space. Reprogramming Autoscapes would retrofit these underutilized spaces, which enable a fossil fuel intensive lifestyle, into people centric spaces, catering to the needs of the community. 40% of Kingston's population is non-white. 85% of the housing in the city is owned by white landlords. Poverty is high in the communities of colour which have not had equitable access to home ownership. Compared to the total housing stock in Kingston and a lack of access to quality public space, the area of underutilized land is unacceptable. Less space for cars, more space for people.

ArcStoryMap:

1 Right size parking requirements in Kingston along Albany Ave and the Kingston Greenline. Tweaking the zoning laws to free up 50% of a building’s parking requirement would move more than 200 acres into the city’s development pool.

2 Move reclaimed municipal and city owned land into a land trust. Can the people collectively become the city’s largest land owning entity?

3 Free up space for private land owners to develop what was previously surplus and underutilized parking. New development happens with city established stipulations regarding public space, housing and energy generation goals.

4 To achieve our goals of reducing ‘Vehicle Miles Traveled’ in the city, we envision that a redistribution of programs would help a more sustainable mix of activities around the city and decrease the need to travel large distances frequently.

Single Modular Unit

Double Modular Units

Triple Modular Units

Grocery Co-op

Public Space Canopy

Market Space

Community Transit Hub

Community Solar Kingston is powered 100% by renewable energy from the power grid. But there is untapped potential to generate energy within the city to subsidize costs and fund community development. Can community solar, a concept Kingston is familiar with, be the economic incentive that pushes the boundaries of collective ownership of the city?

Community Center & Co-working Space

Community Solar has the potential to be more than just an economic strategy. Locally assembled modular units designed to power as well as add character to the city can be part of the revitalization of small cities like Kingston by creating local green jobs. The modular units are designed to be expanded according to different use of space.

Low-density Residential Neighborhood - Ponckhockie Ponckhockie is a remote, historically black, low density residential neighborhood. The people who live here were displaced to the edges of the city by ‘urban renewal’ projects in the Roundout district. Poverty is high and access to public amenities requires driving to other parts of the city.

Community Transit Hub

Grocery Co-op

Ponckhockie Neighborhood Infill The primary goal of interventions in low density neighborhoods is to supplement local communities with programs that would reduce the need to travel. In Ponckhockie, a space between the local church and library becomes a cooperative grocery. With the addition of new shared resources : food, energy and transportation; the community is incentivized to pivot towards walkable and more equitable neighborhoods while transforming underutilized land.

Post-Industrial Residential Neighborhood : Lincoln Park Lincoln Park is a neighborhood midway between Kingston and Tech City. It is a remnant of the post-IBM era with high unemployment rate and in close proximity to large impermeable surfaces around local industries, big box stores and brownfield sites.

Community Transit Hub

Community Center & Co-working Space

Sharing EV

Lincoln Park Neighborhood Infill To promote skill building and address issues of economic stagnation in the area, reclaimed land in this neighborhood is transformed to accommodate co-working spaces and workshops in the framework of community solar subsidies and new public transport facilities.

Kingston main street : Midtown The municipal parking site in Midtown Kingston presents an opportunity for a pilot project that sets the tone for the city’s ‘just transition’ away from fossil fuel intensive lifestyles. Surrounded by old industrial buildings that are being reused and co-opted into new programs, the site will be retrofitted into a dense, walkable mixed use neighborhood. The city’s commitment to a more equitable and sustainable city is demonstrated by placing this large parcel of land in a CLT to ensure affordability over generations.

Midtown Infill The public spaces in the midtown intervention are designed to be diverse and introduce vitality to the previously underutilized land. From walkable, continuous shopping streets to semi-enclosed courtyards, the project strives to achieve sustainable neighborhoods and greater quality of living.

The ground level is dedicated to walkable commercial streets and community space while the dense affordable housing is a step in the right direction in tackling the city’s housing crisis. The Midtown project embodies the motto, “Less space for cars, more space for people”.

The Midtown project stitches the city’s grid back together and extends the greenline into a new central park for Kingston. Living within the site is incentivized and enriched by community solar and access to new sustainable mobility options.

Existing Greenline

Housing Unit

Shraed Street

Playground

Solar Park

CSX Line

Community Solar

Community Terrace

Coworking Space

E-Scooter Station

Bike Station

Sites & Sights / This project investigates ways in which view corridors open up views to landmarks that help pedestrians navigate cities. GSAPP, X-Informational Modeling Instructor: Luc Wilson, Snoweria Zhang Group Work, cooperated with Jonathan Chester Site: NYC, NY, USA Type: Research Spring, 2021 Cities with the best views and most memorable attractions were studied and collaged over the unsuccessful existing FiDi street scape. This project aims to increase ease of navigation in cities through providing pleasant outdoor space (as a result of reduced FAR) that offers safe places to congregate in pandemics and opens up view corridors. Can urban responses to pandemics simultaneously assist with ease of pedestrian navigation? What if buildings scattered across lower Manhattan could share visual connections that bring clarity to the urban experience?

1. Project Overview Points of interest are identified as feasible existing structures for ease of navigation. New structures aim to connect visually to one another as well. 3 separate blocks in the Financial District in lower Manhattan were altered and analyzed to help determine which building types and FAR allowed for the greatest increase in pedestrian navigation clarity.

Goals and Metrics 1. Measuring: Daylight access to the street and building facades (interior and exterior pedestrian experience), view accessibility from street level to points of interest and view accessibility from the mid-level floor of an intervention to the top of another intervention, FAR and building heights impact on blocking views. 2. Why it is being measured: In measuring this, the hope is to discover a new urban typology that accommodates high density, open space and way finding. 3. Initial expectations and how performance is measured: - A successful outcome will balance an appropriate FAR for the context with adequate daylight access to the street level and sidewalks for pedestrians with views to points of interest and other similar developments.

What Did We Discover? “Through the computational design model, we have identified carving setbacks and designing overhangs on buildings as the most effective way of addressing the lack of parks and views.” Some of the cities in the world with the best view corridors at and above street level include London and Paris. This project aims to provide a similar experiential outcome while accounting for an increase in density (FAR).

2. Computational Design Model

Analysis Tools

4 Analysis Tools: 5 analysis tools(metrics) are defined to test out the relationship between certain building and the urban environment. 1. View Analysis from the Street 2. View Analysis from the Building 3. Cost Efficiency 4. Winter Sun on public Space

5 68

5. Summer Shade on Public Space

Views - Building Extruded

Views - Building Setback

Views - Building Overhang

Views - Building Carving

Custom Tool: View Accessibility The custom view analysis tool measures the amount specific building geometries obstruct view connections to points of interest.

Target

View's Path 1. Set view's path & target building

2. Subdivide path into points for testing

3. Calculate the rays to each panel and remove the obstructed one

4. Calculating other target.

5. Calculating other target.

6. Sum up and get a overall score.

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Procedural Types On each of the 3 sites, 3 building typologies are explored (overhang, carving and setback). Each of the 3 building typologies links to 4 FAR variations, outputting 12 explored geometries per site.

Design Space The input ranges included 3 building types and 4 varying FAR values and in total, 108 unique urban design combinations. Street widths were not considered, although those may also impact pedestrian-level view corridors and would be worth investigating in a future phase of the project.

Exploring the Design Space

Results & Design Comparison

Conclusions and Next Steps

The analysis shows that out of the 3 building types tested, setbacks typically perform the highest in Scout. However, the consistent average visibility rating also suggests that a building’s context has more influence over it than does its form. This data is useful to urban planners / designers and architects alike, as it proves that individual buildings impact the urban experience, but an entire neighborhood designed under this method would have a significantly greater impact. The cost efficiency analysis tool allows for Scout to view tall slender buildings as “bad”. Without this tool, the tallest, skinniest towers would nearly always prevail. The next step is to study the concept of setbacks, carvings and overhangs in the larger urban context.

/ Find the most suitable place for elderly living in UWS, NYC GSAPP, Geographic Information Systems Instructor: Leah Meisterlin, Carsten Rodin Group Work, cooperated with Thanawat Phituksithkasem, Aruna Ananta Das Site: NYC, NY, USA Type: Research Fall, 2020

NYC Elder’s Sanctuary New York is a city with an aging population and with the pandemic, the elderly face even more problems in their daily lives. Senior centers are closing making it difficult for the elderly to get access to their basic needs and to travel from place to place. In Manhattan, we aim to define the most liveable blocks for the elderly, where even during the current global COVID pandemic, they can maintain a high standard of living. Our area of study is centered around the Morningside height and the Upper West Side from 59th street to 125th street roughly west of Central Park and Morningside Park. Our aim is two-fold: first, to define the favourable area in block level, to determine if it is currently matching the locations of the current elderly population. Research question: 1. Where are the most favourable blocks for New York’s elderly, who live alone in Manhattan, as they pertain to factors like public space, public transportation, super markets and hospital? 2. In comparison to our research, what is the present density of elderly located in specific areas in New York City. Do they match the favourable areas or not?

Scope of the Research

Scope

Our area of study is centered around the Morningside heig to determine if it is currently matching the locations of the

Hypothesis

We believe that blocks that have buildings with elevators, center, and hospital may be ideal locations for elderly to liv

Methodology- Concept

We will identify the favorable blocks for elderly by using ne algebra to calculate the favorability of different areas. We result with the existing density of population over 65 years

Scoring System Scoring System

We would know the answer using the scoring system and how effective the support infrastructure is distributed.

Access to the Elevators

ght and the Upper West Side from 59th street to 125th street roughly west of Central Park and Morningside Park. Our aim is two-fold: first, to define the favorable area in block level, current elderly population.

, accessibility to public transport (factor: walking distance, elevators), accessibility to clear public space (factor: minimum activity), supermarket (factor: walking distance), elderly ve in.

etwork operation and identify distance ranges from the “essential” facilities including hospital, food retail, subway entrance and park. Using a scoring system, we will then use map find the ratio of buildings with elevators in a block, reclassify it to the same scoring system and overlay it with the shapefile from the previous operation. We will then compare the s old per census tract and analyze the result.

by doing map algebra, we will be able to identify the favorable area and blocks according to our definition. By comparing it to the existing old population density, we would know

Access to Hospital and Clinics

Access to Food and Retail

Access to Parks and Open Spaces

Access to Senior Center

Final Result 0 0.1 0.2

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FOOD RETAIL ACCESS

SENIOR CENTER ACCESS

HOSPITAL AND CLINIC ACCESS

SUBWAY ACCESS

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PARK ACCESS

Analysis - Concept 78

BUILDINGS WITH ELEVATOR

Comparison with Seniors Density

MAP OF FAVORABLE BUILDINGS FOR SENIORS

COMPARE

Conclusion FAVORABLE AREAS FOR ELDERLY IN NEW YORK ARE THOSE AREAS WITH HIGHER LAND VALUE

CONCENTRATION OF SENIORS POPULATION BY CENSUS BLOCK

The favorable areas for seniors are located around the tip of central park and around the park. The concentration of elderly based on census data seems to matches with the favorable area we obtained based on multiple criteria like super markets, hospitals, parks and open spaces. We have also learn that the number of buildings with elevators around areas with higher density of seniors are more.

/ How a parking garage become a hub dealing with the invisible flux of movement? NCKU, Thesis Design NCKU Architecture Thesis Design Award Honorable Mention, 2016 TEAM 20 Architecture & Urban Planning Competition

Instructor: Kwang-Tyng Wu Site: Luoyang Parking Garage, Taipei, Taiwan Type: Architecture / Urban Design Spring, 2016

In Flux Luoyang Parking Garage is about 7600m² and has a capacity of 1600 vehicles. It is located at the edge of Taipei and surrounded by viaducts, riverbank, public housing, and sports center. It has multiple entrances and exits on different levels which are connected to the ground and viaducts. Luoyang Parking Garage has been considered as a production of 1980s that Taipei’s urban design is mainly for the vehicles. The urban space nearby is scattered and unfriendly to the pedestrians. The purpose of the design is to merge the unwanted infrastructure into the neighbor and turn it into a pedestrian friendly structure. Tracing back to the history, this area has always been an important spot of Taipei's transportation. By preserving the original structure and context, new programs are adding into the building to fully use its special urban context. Because of the connection with the viaduct, the parking garage has 2 contexts- the ground level & the mega highway context. The strategy of the design is to respond these two contexts and create a city hub that human scale and vehicle scale meet together. With the new addition, the design offers people a chance to rise up to the higher level of the city and across the embankment or connect to the sports center. Upon the high level, the program turns into a hypermarket and also a logistics center. By making the storage shelves open to the public, the architecture itself become a measurement of the flow of city. By means of the big data, it turn into a vending machine with drive through service for people to receipt Internet orders. The logistics center will eventually turns into a 24/7 non-stopping shopping center and control, measure the flux of Internet shopping data.

To the Riverbank ,4F

Entrance for Vehicle, 1F

Public Passage, 1F

Entrance for Vehicle, 1F To the Sports Center, 4F

Connection to the Viaduct, 7F

Connection to the Viaduct, 5F

Entrance of the Hub 81

355

5 mins / Vehicle

151

e To th

10 mins / Walk

rb Subu

252

15 mins / Walk

5 mins / Walk

10 mins / Walk 392

5 mins / Walk To the City Center

1676 47

burb

u To the S

117

15 mins / Walk 528 Parking Lot

Green

Commuting by Walk

10 mins / Walk 5 mins / Walk

Commuting by Car Embankment

Urban Context Mapping: the substitute parking garage, infrastructure, MRT station, and the greenery nearby

/ Issue The XL scale vs the S scale How do we bring back human scale to this infrastructure- filled site? After 30 years of Taipei’s highly development in public transport system, the usage of the car park became lower and lower, the structure itself has been a place that many social problems happened. Moreover, the environment nearby is not friendly to pedestrians. The embankment, viaduct, and the bridge block the people to get access to the riverbanks. Human beings can hardly sense the nature when walking in this infrastructure-filled land.

/ Strategy The concept of the design is to vigor a postmodern non-human scale architecture into a human scale architecture. By inserting new programs into the existing structure, the structure itself turns into a city hub that connects the up and down of the city. The hub merge the human scale and the "out of human" scale together. The new program brings people inside this original no man's land. It not only offers people vertical movement but also horizontal movement that connects nature and the city. Moreover, the logistics center on the upper level offers a chance for human beings and vehicles meet together.

2007 The finish of district sports center 2003 The finish of Pumping station & the Yuquan Park

2000s 1997 The finish of the Viaduct 1989 The rebuild of Taipei Railway Station 1987 The finish of Luoyang Parking Lot 1992 The finish of the Viaduct

1984 The finish of the Railway Underground Project

1982 The finish of public housing 1982 The finish of Zhongxiao Bridge

1980-2000 1980s Start of Taipei Station Special District Planning 1979 Start of the Railway Underground Project 1978 The finish of Beimen Viaduct 1976 The finish of Emei Parking Lot 1975 Hardwarre store street (started from the river shipment in1922)

1945 R.O.C Ruled Period 1915 The finish of Embankment

1909 The finish of Taipei Railway Workshop

1900 The demolishment of Taipei City Wall

1900-1980 1895 Japanese-Occupied Period

Site Mapping through different time 83

Additional Structure System //////

+24.6m Level

Huanhenbei Expy Entrance and exit on the 7th floor are connected to the highway that cross the north and south of the city.

Online Shopping Logistic Service Shopping Center Drive Through Service //////

+14.1m Level

Civic Boulevard Highway that cross the east and west is connected to the bridge that cross the river.

Zhongxiao Bridge Exit on the 5th floor of the parking lot is connected to the bridge to head to the suburb.

Bridge to Riverbank Gymnasium Bridge //////

+9.6m Level Sport Center

District sports center are inserted by the goverment in order to invigorate the area.

Embankment

The 7.5m high wall divide the nature and the city.

Original Parking Structure //////

Ground Level

Programs respond to different high level/ context 84

To the Logistics Center Logistic Circulation

Main Storage

To the Sports Center Public Passage

Level + 1110

Rooftop

To the Riverbank Counter Gymnasium Bridge

Sports Center

To the Parking Inside

Bridge to Riverbank

Riverbank Viaduct Level +810

35%

Parking Garage Level +510 Park

Original Usage

60%

45%

15%

S - A Human Scale Architecture Expanding Plan / Circulations for People The expanding plan shows the space scenario that people will experience when they follow up the slope. As a vertical hub of the city, it offers people connections between environments nearby at a height and view varied from the ground level. The slope park offers people space scenario as the original slope for vehicles did. The circulation for human intends to bring people to different heights and lead people to different parts of the city.

Usage after Reprograming

40%

10%

Space for Vehicles Space for Humans Parking

Public Service Greenery Logistics

Usage Comparison The drawing shows the change of the program and the space usage before and after. The original non-human parking garage turns into human scale architecture after reprogram.

Automobile Passage (5F-7F)

Bridge to Riverbank

Public passage/ Shopping Area

New Structure System Internet Logistic Center/ Direct Shopping Area

Gymnasium Bridge

Parking Space

Section AA'

0.25m 0.5m

Sky Bridge Riverbank

Riverbank

Public Housing A

+0.6m

Shop Public Passage

+9.6m

Sports Center

Admin Slope Park +0.9m

+9.6m

+0.6m

To the Parking

1F Plan, +0.60m 86

0.75m 15m

30m

To the Sky Bridge Vehicle Circulation

4F Plan, +11.1m

0.75m 15m

30m

Automobile Passage (5F-7F) Exit to Luoyang St. Public passage/ Shopping Area

Main Storage

Level 27.6m Level 24.6m Level 20.1m Level 17.1m Level 14.1m Level 9.6m

Level 5.1m

Level +0m

Level -3.4m

S - A Human Scale Architecture

Section:

+9m Public Housing

The section drawing shows the different hierarchies on different heights. Trusses are input on the top of the original structure in order to strengthen the structure. Above the fourth floor is the logistics center that offers people to visit inside and shopping directly as the hypermarket. The shopping circulation and the logistics circulation are separated but offers people a chance to see how the logistics center work inside.

+11.1m

Plans: Gymnasium Bridge

Sports Center

+11.1m

The plans show that part of the original parking space was removed due to the lack of using. The circulation is rearranged by following the original modular in order to minimum the construction waste. By following up the slope park, people can slowly coming up to the bridge level - the fourth floor which connects to the surrounding context. Activities are extended from the sports center with Gymnasium Bridge. Also, the bridge level offers people a way to the cross the10m high embankment to get access to the riverbank.

To the Parking

To the Sky Bridge Vehicle Circulation

XL - A Vehicle Scale Architecture

From the spot to the city With the connection with the highway, the architecture itself can serve a range than the usual architecture does. As a transportation spot of the city, it transport all the goods to the high-density residential area of the city.

To the highway

For Incoming Goods

Inner Transportation For Outcoming Goods

Logistics System A logistics program was input on the higher floor of the hub. The logistics system serves the Internet shopping logistics for the whole city. Unlike traditional storage, the storage is visual open to the public, then it becomes a giant screen to document the city's shopping habit.

Parking Space/ Automobile Passage (5F-7F)

Distribute Area Public passage/ Shopping Area

Main

New Structure System Internet Logistic Center/ Direct Shopping Area

Urban Passage/ Park

Parking Space

Section BB'

0.25m 0.5m

Slope Park

Public Passage

Slope Park offers pedestrians a chance to go to the higher level of the city, whether they are going to cross the river or go to the logistics center.

The void in the ground floor offers people a place to have activity. It also allows people to pass through the parking garage and go to the mechanic hardware shopping street.

Bridge to the

After rising up to a s slope park, people can and get accesse

n Storage

Automobile Passage (5F-7F)

Incoming Area Logistic Circulation

Public passage/ Shopping Area

Gymnasium Bridge Level 27.6m Level 24.6m Level 20.1m Level 17.1m Level 14.1m

Level 11.1m

Level 8.1m

Level 5.1m

e Riverbank

pecific height by the n cross to the riverbank ed to the nature.

Level +0m Level -3.4m

Logistics Center

Inside the Logistics Center

Goods are directly stacked on the shelves as the interior elevation. People can directly observe the shelves to realize the flux of online shopping.

Inner circulation offers visitors a chance to go inside the logistics center. Logistics circulations are separated from the visitor circulation so that people can see through the inner movement.

Long Live the Green / How a cemetery merge into a croweded urban context? Arch Out Loud International Competition Tokyo Vertical Cemetery Honorable Mention Group Work, cooperated with Chia Hua Lee Site: Tokyo, Japan Type: Architecture / Urban Design My Work: Concept Design, Drawings (unless specific) Autumn, 2016 Normally, cemetery located in the edge of the city, but for Tokyo such a high density city, we want to propose a new typology of cemetery. An immemorial, greenery park that people will not only visit on certain days, which also redefines the relationship between live and death within the city. As for the dead, they will become part of the scenario as living plants by means of green burial. For the relatives, visiting the graves changes from a memorial ceremony to a recreational activity. People can not only wander in the park after the ceremony but also have a meal with the whole family together. It is not only a day for the death but also a day for family to gather together. For ordinary people like you and me, the park offers cherry blossoms viewing, picnicking, wandering city viewing and other recreational activities, offering a new type of public space in the middle of Shinjuku. For the city, the ceremony will change from a space occupied by the dead to a public space that the and live can interact with each other. The 21st century cemetery will become a new type of urban space that blurs the boundary of live and dead.

manthus

/ Prototypes & Usage frequency

Grave Yard

Columbarium & Temple 3

Green Burial 2

Office Building

Park

Flower Field

Density

2700cm / person

2m / person

0.5m / person

10m / person

none

Using

AUG Once a year.

Weekdays

Open for everyday.

Public Service

Waterscape

Density of Office Building

Accessibility of Park

Green Burial

21st centery cemetery

/ Space Analyze

Forest

Garden

Public Service

Circulation for different needs: publicity or privacy

Modular : 24m *24m * 24m

Service Core & Public Level

Programing

Space for the death

Hill

/ Planting (by Chia Hua Lee)

30 Spring

20 Spring

rhododendron

fall

dianthus rose

fall

winter

winter 10

0 camellia m

peach

sakura

maple

osmanthus

plum

0 m

Public Service Waterscape Garden

tusam

winter

Forest

Service Center

Commercial Level / Urban Level

10 5 plum

0 m

tusam

evergreen

podocarpus

camphor

evergreen

podoc

Forest Level Higher trees like tusam, camphor, and other evergreen trees are planted in this level. Sky walks are surrounded with the core and rising up. People can wander around and slowly climb up to the upper level with the slope.

sightseeing !

Bye grandpa ! See you next time.

Prayer Room / Core of Memorial (by Chia Hua Lee) A memorial core with elevator platform which relatives can fine their family’s name on the wall and see the plants which the death were buried.

Memorial Water scape (by Chia Hua Lee) Memorial water scape is a place where children can have fun when it is not seasonal holiday for the death. Also, when it comes to the day for commemorate the death, the water scape offers people a quiet space to meditate.

2 That is our mom.

Memorial elevator

Visitor's way & Public Path

Mixture of different levels of flower fields & trees. Where family gathers together and recreational activities such as cherry blossoms viewing.

Commercial Programs for both urban context & cemetery visitors.

family reunion !

2 I need to buy some flowers for my dad.

Section, diagrams by Chia Hua Lee 95

/ Re-vitalize the post-industrialized urban scape. NCKU, Fifth Year Optional Studio Instructor: Ho-Ling Chang Site: Yancheng District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan Type: Landscape / Urban Design Winter, 2015

Re-Promenade The urban space in Taiwan is often fragmented due to the lack of overall planning by the government. Government only provide huge scale public space that often become "Mosquito Hall" which means those buildings are often lack of uses by the common citizens. The main reason that cause this phenomenon is the scattered pedestrian system occupied by the vehicles. Re-promenade is a project about turning the oversize post-industrialized boulevard into human-scale public space. As the first developed district in Kaohsiung, this area was originally a high-dense crowded traditional harbor. During the Japanese colonial period, allies were broaden into industrialized roads in order to meet the demand of modernized harbor. In the recent years, the Taiwan government are looking forward to turn this area into a tourism area due to the decline of Kaohsiung Harbor. The strategy is of the design to cut down the width of the "out of scale" road and turn into linear parks for pedestrians. Five linear park are connected to the existing local facilities, for example, schools, temples, museums, MRT stations and also open spaces and tourism areas. Instead of the huge scale facilities proposed by the government, the human scale prototype of urban spaces are inserted into the linear park which is responding to the programs and activities along the park. The project represents my own perspective of contemporary urban space: the postmodern kind of planning of planning is out of time, only by gaining the usage of the urban space back from the vehicles, we people can revival the post industrialized urban scene.

Master plan

80m

160m

12.5 12.5 RIVERBANK RIVERBANK PARK PARK

HIDDEN HIDDEN CANAL CANAL

10 10 MUSEUMMUSEUM & MEMORIAL & MEMORIAL PARK PARK

RELEGION RELEGION CENTER CENTER

CAR PARK CAR PARK SCHOOLSCHOOL LIBRARYLIBRARY

7.5 7.5

RIV

MARKETMARKET MRT STATION MRT STATION

LINEAR PARK LINEAR PARK

SCHOOLSCHOOL

URBAN LINEAR URBAN PARK LINEAR PARK CAR PARK CAR PARK

2.5 2.5 ART DISTRICT ART DISTRICT

RIVERBANK RIVERBANK PARK PARK BRT LINEBRT LINE

BRT STATION BRT STATION KAOHSIUNG KAOHSIUNG HARBORHARBOR

2.5 2.5

7.5 7.5

10 10

12.5 km 12.5 km ROAD USAGE ROAD USAGE

EXPECTED EXPECTED USAGE OF USAGE INITIAL OF PLANNING INITIAL PLANNING SITE SITE SELECTED SELECTED

ROAD ROAD

open to open publicto public SCHOOLSCHOOL

Up: Site Analysis 98

12 12

16 16

20 20

24 24

open to open students to students only only

12 12

16 16

20 20

24 24

PUBLIC PUBLIC FACILITIES FACILITIES0

12 12

16 16

20 20

24 24

ART ART DISTRICTDISTRICT 0

12 12

16 16

20 20

24 24

Down: Usage Time Mapping

1900s

Forceful Planning

1920s

Forceful Planning Stretching

1940s

Railway & Harbor Complete

FORCEFUL PLANNING ERA

2000s

River Remediation / Rebuild the Riverbank

Railyway Demolished 2005s

2006s

Existing Harbor Warehouse turn into Art District

POST INDUSTRIAL ERA

2010s

Illegal Warehouse turn into Linear Park

BRT LINE under construction 2014-

2015s

Greenery stretches into high density area

REBUILD the NATURE Urban Fabric Process

/ Issue Once a world class harbor, Kaohsiung harbor (first port) has now turned into a tourism area. The existing harbor area has now transformed into arts district. According to the site analysis, all the spots are separated by the roads, and with the transformation of the harbor area turns into arts district, the usage of the oversize roads had dropped down. Moreover, the district is lack of small scale parks which are distributed in the high density area.

/ Strategy Using the urban fabric mapping as a method to decide what strategy makes the greenery distribute equally in the district. Also, use the public space as a method to connect the existing spots. Considering all the schools, public facilities as public open space which is only open in specific hours, the design not only offers small scale open space for people, but also connects the existing space.

/Prototypes ART DISTRICT

How do we turn oversize empty roads into vigorous streets? Eight different types of prototypes respond to various site conditions. Prototypes are designed to merge the boundaries between the public roads and nearby buildings. Simple structures are designed to respond the functions in the city and create activities on the street. It will also determine the boundaries between vehicles and pedestrians.

Water Park 100

Buffer Zone

Street Exhi

ibition

Daily Life Route: Jianguo 4th Rd

Green Boulevard: Qixian 3rd Rd

Tourist Route: Dayong Rd

School Route: Dazhi Rd

5 Daily Life Route: Dayi St

Canopy

Bridge Park

Parking Lot

MRT Station

Pocket Park 101

102

/Scene 1 Temple Square By stretching the design into the square of the temple, the original square turn into a pocket park which provides people natural canopies.

/Scene 2 Greenery Line Scene from the inside of the library and the district center. The greenery turns the original monotonous scene into vigorous street.

/Scene 5 Stair Car Park Stair Car park replace the original school fence. It blurs the boundary of the school and the street. Not only offers stairs-like seats for pedestrians to rest, but also create space for off-school kids waiting for their parents. Moreover, under the stairs, it offers school staffs places to park their vehicles.

1 2

103

104

/Scene 3 Water Park Reopen the enclosed canal, turning the empty land into a water park. The water park not only offers people a chance to get in touch with water, but also moderate the allyear hot weather in Kaohsiung.

/Scene 4 Bridge Park Bridge Park offers students and parents a way to avoid the heavy and dangerous traffic on the street. By lifting the greenery above the road, it offers people not only safety but also space to occur various activities.

105

The Grand Stage / Using installation as a documental tool to record reality. 2020 Taipei Fine Arts Museum X-Site Competition "X-Reality" Group Work, cooperated with Wei Chen Site: Taipei, Taiwan Type: Architecture Design / Installation My Work: Concept Design, Drawings (unless specific) Summer, 2019 How do we prove the existence of reality? Our team believed that what we perceived is the projection from the real world. The relationship between the real world and us is just like the relationship between the audience and the stage. The reality exist when people exchange their perceptions with each other. Our propose is an installation /pavilion that helps people to observe the real world. Discussing how people document their image of real world. We traced back the history to pinhole camera, Brunelleschi's installation, and the early method of creating movie scene. Inside the pavilion the gap between the volumes is just like a stage, and the facade of the museum is just like a backstage. But with the reflective material of the pavilion, the role of being an audience or being a performer is constantly changing when wandering around the pavilion. It breaks up the original one direction viewing mode and offers us a bi-direction viewing mode when you looking out from the inside of the museum.

106

107

What is Reality? Reality is......

When obser ver's sight focus on an object, human beings started to search a way to document the reality. And so on, where there is document, there is imaginations for another viewer.

01 The Record of Perception

The finding of the pinhole camera brings people a new way to recognize the world. Things are being documented from 3D to 2D. A world on the canvas is discovered.

02 The Record of Optics

Brunelleschi's installation offers humans a way to check the correction of the 2D drawing. By means of his invention, the gap between our drawings and reality are closer and closer.

03 The Record of Geometry 108

With the projection, the imagination of people and reality finally merge together into a new scene.

04 The Reality of Personal Will

The switch between being a observer or being observed (by Wei Chen) With the changes of natural light and artificial light, the character as a observer or being observed can easily been switched.

Reflection of the light Observer's vision

Reflective fabric

Scaffold system

01 The Volume and the Sight

(by Wei Chen)

02 The Reflection of the light

(by Wei Chen)

Pinhole

Visual Transparency Red gradient fabric

03 The Visual Transparency (by Wei Chen)

Visual Transparency

04 The Pinhole Camera Effect

(by Wei Chen)

109

/ Strategy Scene (a)

Scene (b)

Scene (c) 05. Observers inside the museum.

04. Reflections of the outdoor scene on the museum's facade.

03. The gap between the pavilion and the museum. 02. Reflections between the reflective fabrics.

01. Human activities pass through the transparent fabric.

Scene (a)+(b)+(c)

Multiple activities happened at the same time. (1) When the perceiver look to the museum, the gap between the museum and the pavilion just like a show stage. (1') When the night comes, the perceiver's sight just pass through the facade of the museum without the reflection of the outside. (2) With reflective fabric's help, the scene of the people inside the pavilion is reflected on the facade of the museum. And the people in the gap, the both side of the gap become two giant screen. (2') When the night comes, the light from the interior will pass through the museum's facade and the pavilion, people inside the gap will be projected on the pavilion. (3) For the people inside the pavilion, the museum's facade becomes a giant screen. And also for the people inside the museum, the pavilion becomes another giant screen. (3') In the night, the pavilion will become the only stage due to the interior light of the museum.

110

Iron Cable

Pinhole

Reflective Fabric

MDF Plate

Up: Detail System

Rolling System of Red Fabric

Pinhole

Red Gradient Fabric

Down: Perspective Drawing (by Wei Chen) 111

Section (by Wei Chen) Inner Activity Space / Outer Pinhole Installation

0.5m

1 / From the Entrance Plaza The whole pavilion is an observing machine for the visitors.

2 / Between the Volumes Visitor's role as an audience or as a performer is constantly changing when they were in the gap.

3 / Night Scene Pavilion can also be a projecting machine to the closed museum. The gap between two volumes becomes a stage.

4 / From the inside of the museum 3 112

The pavilion extends the activities inside the museum after the museum was closed.

Plan (by Wei Chen) Inner Activity Space / Outer Rest Area

0.75m 1.5m

1 Perspective Drawing (by Wei Chen) 113

/ Discuss about digital fabrication and tensigrity system. NCKU, Forth Year Optional Studio Instructor: Kane Yanagawa Group Work, cooperated with Chih Yu Ou, Mokra Slama Site: London, UK Type: Architecture Design / Installation My Work: Concept Design, Drawings (unless specific) Spring, 2015

Playvilion The design mainly discussed how tools affect our ways to design. In nowadays, with so many tools and the more information we have about fabrication, should we still use the traditional way constructing architecture? From hand drawing blueprint to CAD, or hand making models to 3D models in the computer, what will be the next step of our design? First stage of the design is about creating new tools. We built our own vacuum former, 3D printer, and also 2D drill machine which can be controlled by computer. We expected that all of our design methods and components can fully use and made by these tools. In the second stage, we use these tools as a form finding method to help our design. Insert tensegrity systems that will affect by vacuum pressure, vacuum former help us find the minimum surface of the form. With computer-controlled drill machine, we can customized all of the components of the design. And also all of the joints in this design can be 3D printed. The full design can be made through digital fabrication and easily installed by our own.

114

3D Print Mould Plastic Foam

Vacuum Former

/Form Finding Triangle Grid

3D Print Mould

Elastic Mould

3D Print Figure Ground

We set some triangle grid and then randomly pick up some points to connect into lines. And when the foam attach the lines , it will be divided into small segments , and maybe it will create some unexpectable geometry.

We t r y t o t h i s k i n d o f mould that has elasticity to create much smoother and landscape-like shape. And because it was overlaid, it will create some holes that has heights.

We t r y t o t h i s k i n d o f mould that has elasticity to create much smoother and landscape- like shape. And because it was overlaid , it will create some holes that has different heights.

We try to make a figure ground that respond to the site’s context. After that, we add more cubes to adjust the height. Then we use weaker pressure to vacuum form it.

115

/Units of Tensegrity #01 GEOMETRY PROTOTYPE (by Chu Yu Ou)

TYPE A Octahedron

TYPE B Tetrahedron

perspective

front view

top view

#02 COMPONENTS TYPES

116

TYPE C Icosahedron

#03 PHYSICAL ABILITY

TOTALLY ELASTIC

SEMI ELASTIC

TOTALLY ELASTIC

SEMI ELASTIC opposite surface

line symmetry

point symmetry

opposite surface

line symmetry

point symmetry

Connection Connection

6 points

3 points

2 points

flexible joint rigid joint 3 points rigid joint 2 points 6 points surface to surface surface to surface flexible joint rigid jointstick to stick rigid joint surface to surface surface to surface stick to stick

String type

adjacent surface

#01 GEOMETRY PROTOTYPE

#04 JOINTS (by Chu Yu Ou)

String type

adjacent surface

Take three different kinds of tensegrity prototypes as experiments, each of them has different numbers of cables and components. Under vacuum former's pressure and force, each different type has different deformation. Compared to the other two types, the Icosahedron gas two different axes to bear forces.

Rigid

Semi-elastic

Elastic

#02 COMPONENTS TYPES Change the component of the prototype to different types.

#03 PHYSICAL ABILITY By controlling the elasticity of the cable, we redefine one components into three types: the fully rigid ones, semi- elastic ones which half of the cables are elastic, and the elastic ones which all of the cables are elastic. And each of it has varied axes for each components bearing forces and create deformations.

#04 JOINTS Connections between components are varied due to its string types and the points that components joint with each other. There are nine kinds of consequence and we select 3 kinds of it as our design's connection methods.

117

/Group of Tensegrity #05 COMBINATION (by Chu Yu Ou) Components are connected together to create the skeleton of the design. With the elastic study mentioned above, components with different percent of elastic are combined together to create an expected form of vacuum forming.

100% + 50% + 20% +

100% + 50% + 20% + 0% 100% + 50% + 20% + 0% [ Cellular Packing ]

50% 100%

100% 20%

20% 50% 100% 50% 100% 100% 20% 100% 20% 20% 20%

Vacuum Forming Vacuum Forming Vacuum Forming

Cellular packing are usually used to minimum the volume of the product when they were packed together. The less volume it took, the easier they could be transported. Considering the pavilion can be move and installed anywhere in the world, the volume it occupied during the transportation should be cut down. Moreover, cellular packing provide us convenience when transporting the components.

? ??

[ Connection ]

118

Point to Edge

Point to Point

(surface to suface)

I t ’s f re e to ro t a te a n d squeeze in all directions.

This type of connection limits the rotation between the two units.

Point to Point (edge to edge) This type of connection limits the rotation between the two units.

/Design by Vacuum - Forming #06 FORMING

Because of the way they are connected, each elastic unit effect each other when the whole system is transformed. And according to that, there are two kinds of elastic units, which will generate unpredictable geometry with special curvature when it is vacuum-formed.

Vacuum-forming produces unique surface that covers our tensegrity structural system. This ability is not just good-looking, but could be also useful. We are using vacuum-former as a design tool. It influences our design, because based on the shape of formed surface, we can see how the surface is divided, what is the level of tense on every subsurface, etc.

Forming the tensegrity system to get the mode.

Combine with the original tensegrity part.

Putting the original mode as the shell. F or the former structure,turning the rigid tensegrity units into elastic one and remove the original elastic units.

119

/Concept

/Diagram (by Chih Yu Ou)

/CONCEPT

/DIAGRAM TOTALLY ELASTIC SEMI ELASTIC

TOTALLY RIGID

[Combination]

VACUUM FORMING [Finding the minimum surface]

[Connected Surfaces]

[Component Types]

PLAYGROUND for ALL

[Cable Types]

+ [Deformation Directions]

[TENSEGRITY]

[MANBRANE]

MINIMUM STRUCTURE

MINIMUN SURFACE

MAXIMUM SPACE Using vacuum-former as a method to find the most appropiate form for the site's context. In order to create a playground for all the people,the design not only use the elacsity of the tensegrity prototype, but also using manbrane to create elastic surface.

120

[Manvrane & Entrances]

/Fabrication Using digital fabrication to create all of the materials of the pavilion.

#07 FABRICATION/SHIPPING/INSTALL

CNC CUTTING the GAP

FIXED STRING

ELASTIC STRING

x 36

3D PRINTING the JOINTS

PROJECT the MEMBRANE

SHIPPING by CONTAINER

Short Elevation Scale=1/200

Plan Scale=1/150

Long Section Scale=1/200

(Plan, Elevations, Sections by Chih Yu Ou)

121