Floating and Sinking 能浮能沉
Soft and Solid Material Casting System 複合軟硬材料灌注系統
Yating Chen 2022.8 - 2023.6
TKU Dept.Architecture 55th Graduation Thesis Design
Yating Chen 陳雅亭 Info
(886)936-123926 yating.irene926@gmail.com
Education
Bachelor of Architecture Tamkung University 淡江大學建築系學士
Competition awards
August 2023
Merit Award
優選
New Taipei City Architects Association Student Competition 112年新北市建築師公會學生競圖
- Floating and Sinking project
June 2023
Honorable Mention 設計獎佳作 Undergraduate Design Thesis, 2023 Tamkung University 111學年度淡江大學畢業設計評選
- Floating and Sinking project
Contents
Chapter 1
Issues & material trial -Architecture issue -Concept &. material trial -Preliminary experimental fabrication -Units arrangement development
Chapter 2
1to1 mock-up -Mock-up form finding -Casting movable equipments developing -Casting units manufacturing procedure
Chapter 3
System to architecture -System detail -Coastal design
Issues & material trial
1
Issues & material trial
Architecture issue 1-1 Traditional construction issue
1-2 Modern construction issue
傳統工程建造議題
現代工程建造議題
Masonry
Concrete
Masonry
https://reurl.cc/67jY95
Concrete + Masonry ?
Masonry
https://reurl.cc/xLp4e5
Formwork Vertically stacked Thickness limited
Removed Concrete
orthogonal
Falsework
Brickwork construction
假設工程
磚造工程
Formwork eventually would be removed 模板會被拆除 Using the heavy &enormous wooden slabs 使用厚重的模板
數位技術的引進
Using the method of the masonry to create the concrete system 可否能用疊磚思維創造混凝土建築
Shape limited to structure ability
Programmatic computation for design diversity
形體受限於材料結構性能
電腦輔助成設計多樣性
Making the formwork become part of the system
Instability structure
模板是否能直接成為設計的一部份
The same units’ size
Restrictions on the concrete
Digital technologies
單元尺寸相同
結構不穩定
混凝土形狀受限
2 Aggregation possibilities 聚合構造的可能性
From system to human space
How to make architecture more free？ 如何讓建築變得更自由?
Respond to the environment Transform into furniture 回應環境
形成家具
從系統到人的生活
Privacy
Sheltered space
Transform into stairs
Control the sight of view
隱私性
隱蔽空間
行為空間
控制視線
3 Maker movement
Fabrication process
工業4.0 - 自造者時代 Manufacturing stage IoT Individual
Individual
Individual
Individual
Assembly stage Improving site selection for production and reducing manufacturing time
Large factory
Industry 2.0 工業2.0
Industry 4.0 工業4.0
Concept &. material trial Contrast in nature 大自然中的對比
Clear / Solid ; Complicated/Pure ; the same objects in opposite situation
Material selection
材料選擇
Material trial
測試材料性質 1
Testing the fundamental shape with plastic and concrete
2
Testing the Plastic quality
測試塑膠和水泥的基本形體單元
測試塑膠性質
Bottom surface: Concrete
Inside mold:
Triangle
Rectangle
Pentagon
1mm arclic
0.5mm PVC
Solid : heavier
Hollow : lighter
Separated
Slight expansion
Intense expansion
Styrofoam
Plastic Plastic differs significantly from concrete in material performance and construction methods. By adjusting the proportions of these two materials, I mimic contrasting phenomena found in nature.
Hollow unit can reduce weight
3
Testing the Concrete quality 測試水泥性質
Concrete thickness: 20mm 15mm 10mm
The thickness of plastic influents how much the expansion is 塑膠模板的厚度影響單元膨脹的程度 Styrofoam may reduce unit’s weight
空心的單元可減輕重量
塑膠在材料表現性、建造工法上都 與混凝土截然不同，利用調控兩者 材料的比例模仿大自然中的對比。
The two materials are easy to separate
材料間易於分離
5
How to prevent the bottom of cement from leakage?
Slight expansion
保麗龍可減輕重量
How to fix the expansion?
How to enhance the tension?
如何防止水泥溢出
如何解決膨脹問題
如何增加材料間拉力
1 Put the cap under the bottom
1 Use the screw and tube
1 Fold the plastic to enhance the tension
Variability is limited within units
Destroyed the structural integrity of the plastic
灌注體形體單一
破壞塑膠的結構性
Make the bottom inclined
Easy broken
Casting part can’t be smaller than 10mm 灌注厚度需高於10mm
4 Testing the units with more possibilities
It’s hard to connect the cap &mold 底蓋難以和外模連接
2 Test surrounding with sand and water
2 Keep within bounds
2 Add the wiremesh
測試單元更多可能性
1 Print the fillet mould
Fabrication of a casting unit 2 Seperated plastic mold
Not practical 模具無法標準化
Add the tension and reduce the weight use the wire mesh and polystyrene
保麗龍減輕單元重、 金屬網增強單元內部拉力
the bounds become the first layer of bounds
Sand and water become the second layer of bounds
框架成為第一層約束
沙子和水成為第二層約束
Issues & material trial
https://reurl.cc/vmEmXA 清透與不透 ; 複雜與純粹 ; 同物體卻有不同狀態
https://reurl.cc/rZ0Zob
Preliminary experimental fabrication Unit’s type 單元型態
Triangle
Calculated easily in computer / Structure efficiency / Aesthetic expression 參數計算, 結構效益, 美學表現
Unit’s experimental fabrication
單元製造試驗
Material of one unit 單元所需材料
Preparation
Put in the inside mold
放入內模
x2
Wire mesh
x1
x32
Put in the polystyrene in the bottom 底部放入保麗龍
x1
x1
Polystyrene
Plastic
Prep work before casting 前置作業 Cut the plastic sheet
Fold the mesh wire
Attach the tape
折金屬網
黏貼膠帶
Fold the plastic sheet
Put in the Polystyrene ball 放入保麗龍球
木條作為單元膨脹的約束
Put in the metal pipe
Fold a part of sheet
Finished
放入金屬管
折入塑膠片，使混凝土抓住塑膠
灌注前單元
裁切塑膠片
折塑膠片
Wooden stick as the bounds
Casting 灌注 Put the cement into the utensil
倒砂入容器
將水泥倒入漏斗
Pour the water into the container
Casting
Issues & material trial
Pour the sand into the container
灌注
倒水入容器
Mix cement and water
Pour the sand and water into the container
混合水泥粉和水
水和砂倒入單元外容器中
Stir the cement
Finished, Wait for 24hours
攪拌水泥
靜置24小時
Destory too many parts of plastic Mesh wire would float Unit after drying
Unit before casting (Step 11)
Units assembling 單元組裝
Cable ties connect units 束帶連接單元
Metal pipe in the unit reinforce stress points in the structure
單元內金屬棒加強結構受力點
Hollow 空心
Interval 間隔
Units Arrangement Development The change of concrete arrangement
Not gradual
Gradual
Regular in two layers
Gradual
Units length
Casting Units location
The changes of plastic arrangement
Opening Spiked
Inside opening size
Vertical
Oblique
Vertical
System Visual Mock-up
Metal tube
Concrete
Plastic
Blank units 非灌注單元
Oblique
The changes of plastic arrangement
Blank
Horizontal
Oblique gradually
The changes of plan
Non - equilateral triangle
bottom view
Unit’s size & oblique layer
Step by step
Small size
Step
Large size
Spine
Step
Peplum
Step
Issues & material trial
Units length
Front and back opening changes
1to1 mock-up system
2
1to1 mock-up system
Mock-up Form Finding Pattern 1
Pattern 2
Form 1 - typeA
Front
Form 1 - typeB
Front
Back
Form 2 Form 3
Form 4
Pattern 3
Back
Casting movable equipments developing 1st generation
2nd generation
Back 3rd generation
Use the cable tie to fix the unit in the central of equipment
Reinforce the whole equipment stability
Reinforce the whole equipment stability secondly
使用束帶將單元固定在輔具中央
加強整體輔具穩定性
青
二度加強整體輔具穩定性
The cable ties are fixed on the vertical frame
Prevent the cable tie from moving up and down
束帶可固定在垂直向框架上
防止束帶上下移動
The vertical screw rod make the curved track moving up and down,forming a movable equipment 新增縱向螺桿，使其上弧形軌道可上下移動， 形成可動輔助裝置
2nd generation trial Fix the restriction using track
Final equipment
To fasten Alu pipes
Base
1to1 mock-up system
Fix the track using hardware
1 Folding the plastic Outside mold
1
Inside mold
2
4
3
3 Pour the sand To resist the cement expansion
4 Load the inside plastic Put it in the central
6 Casting
2 Prep work on Units Put the mold in the central of equipment
Put the track
Fix the restriction to restrict the expansion
2
Wrap up the shrink-wrapped
Casting units manufacturing procedure 灌注單元製造流程
5
1to1 mock-up system
6
7 Finished and waiting
7
5 Mix cement and water Mix to a proper proportion
Mock-up System
Rope
Alu. pipe
Cement
Plastic
Hardware
Alu. plate
Foundation
1 to 1 Mock-up
Video link
Layer 1
Layer 2
Layer 3
Layer 4
Layer 5
Layer 6
Layer 7
Layer 8
1to1 mock-up system
System to architecture
System to architecture
3
System detail
系統細部設計
3cm S/S ROD W/MILL FINISH
16mm THK PlASTIC
CONCRETE
EARTH COVERING
WELD WIRE MESH
BINDING WIRE TIE BACK
Coastal Design
海岸設計
Pier
Coastal space
Waiting line
Toilet
System to architecture
沿岸空間
Coastal space
New and old material combination Controlling human behavior
Do you want to go up there?
Shaded and public area
It doesn't get too hot here.
Toilet
公廁
The gradation of light and shadow Enclosed place Using cement to control privacy
Using the angles of the units to restrict the field of view
System to architecture
排隊動線
Waiting line
Levels of shadow Linear space
碼頭
Pier
Architecture as furniture Different space experience in a day due to the variety of the units
單元只會從一個單元直射進空間
System to architecture
Photo review
05
01
02
03
04
06
07
08
01-03 Units fabrication 04-05 1:1 mock-up assembling 06-07 Final presentation 08 The exhibition in Taipei Expo Park
Floating and Sinking Soft and solid material casting system
Project by : Yating Chen Directed by : Ying-Chang Yu Year of fabrication : 2022.08-2023.5
Special thanks to: Kai-Hsun, Yeh Xiao-heng, Hsieh Wei-Szu, Chiu Li-Hsuan, Tsai Chien-Chun, Wang
Yating Chen
Director : Ying-Chang Yu TKU Dept.Architecture 55th Thesis Design