【Floating and Sinking】TKU Architecture 55th Graduation project _ Yating Chen

Floating and Sinking 能浮能沉

Soft and Solid Material Casting System 複合軟硬材料灌注系統

Yating Chen 2022.8 - 2023.6

TKU Dept.Architecture 55th Graduation Thesis Design

Yating Chen 陳雅亭 Info

(886)936-123926 yating.irene926@gmail.com

Education

Bachelor of Architecture Tamkung University 淡江大學建築系學士

Competition awards

August 2023

Merit Award

優選

New Taipei City Architects Association Student Competition 112年新北市建築師公會學生競圖

- Floating and Sinking project

June 2023

Honorable Mention 設計獎佳作 Undergraduate Design Thesis, 2023 Tamkung University 111學年度淡江大學畢業設計評選

- Floating and Sinking project

Contents

Chapter 1

Issues & material trial -Architecture issue -Concept &. material trial -Preliminary experimental fabrication -Units arrangement development

Chapter 2

1to1 mock-up -Mock-up form finding -Casting movable equipments developing -Casting units manufacturing procedure

Chapter 3

System to architecture -System detail -Coastal design

Issues & material trial

1

Issues & material trial

Architecture issue 1-1 Traditional construction issue

1-2 Modern construction issue

傳統工程建造議題

現代工程建造議題

Masonry

Concrete

Masonry

https://reurl.cc/67jY95

Concrete + Masonry ?

Masonry

https://reurl.cc/xLp4e5

Formwork Vertically stacked Thickness limited

Removed Concrete

orthogonal

Falsework

Brickwork construction

假設工程

磚造工程

Formwork eventually would be removed 模板會被拆除 Using the heavy &enormous wooden slabs 使用厚重的模板

數位技術的引進

Using the method of the masonry to create the concrete system 可否能用疊磚思維創造混凝土建築

Shape limited to structure ability

Programmatic computation for design diversity

形體受限於材料結構性能

電腦輔助成設計多樣性

Making the formwork become part of the system

Instability structure

模板是否能直接成為設計的一部份

The same units’ size

Restrictions on the concrete

Digital technologies

單元尺寸相同

結構不穩定

混凝土形狀受限

2 Aggregation possibilities 聚合構造的可能性

From system to human space

How to make architecture more free？ 如何讓建築變得更自由?

Respond to the environment Transform into furniture 回應環境

形成家具

從系統到人的生活

Privacy

Sheltered space

Transform into stairs

Control the sight of view

隱私性

隱蔽空間

行為空間

控制視線

3 Maker movement

Fabrication process

工業4.0 - 自造者時代 Manufacturing stage IoT Individual

Individual

Individual

Individual

Assembly stage Improving site selection for production and reducing manufacturing time

Large factory

Industry 2.0 工業2.0

Industry 4.0 工業4.0

Concept &. material trial Contrast in nature 大自然中的對比

Clear / Solid ; Complicated/Pure ; the same objects in opposite situation

Material selection

材料選擇

Material trial

測試材料性質 1

Testing the fundamental shape with plastic and concrete

2

Testing the Plastic quality

測試塑膠和水泥的基本形體單元

測試塑膠性質

Bottom surface: Concrete

Inside mold:

Triangle

Rectangle

Pentagon

1mm arclic

0.5mm PVC

Solid : heavier

Hollow : lighter

Separated

Slight expansion

Intense expansion

Styrofoam

Plastic Plastic differs significantly from concrete in material performance and construction methods. By adjusting the proportions of these two materials, I mimic contrasting phenomena found in nature.

Hollow unit can reduce weight

3

Testing the Concrete quality 測試水泥性質

Concrete thickness: 20mm 15mm 10mm

The thickness of plastic influents how much the expansion is 塑膠模板的厚度影響單元膨脹的程度 Styrofoam may reduce unit’s weight

空心的單元可減輕重量

塑膠在材料表現性、建造工法上都 與混凝土截然不同，利用調控兩者 材料的比例模仿大自然中的對比。

The two materials are easy to separate

材料間易於分離

5

How to prevent the bottom of cement from leakage?

Slight expansion

保麗龍可減輕重量

How to fix the expansion?

How to enhance the tension?

如何防止水泥溢出

如何解決膨脹問題

如何增加材料間拉力

1 Put the cap under the bottom

1 Use the screw and tube

1 Fold the plastic to enhance the tension

Variability is limited within units

Destroyed the structural integrity of the plastic

灌注體形體單一

破壞塑膠的結構性

Make the bottom inclined

Easy broken

Casting part can’t be smaller than 10mm 灌注厚度需高於10mm

4 Testing the units with more possibilities

It’s hard to connect the cap &mold 底蓋難以和外模連接

2 Test surrounding with sand and water

2 Keep within bounds

2 Add the wiremesh

測試單元更多可能性

1 Print the fillet mould

Fabrication of a casting unit 2 Seperated plastic mold

Not practical 模具無法標準化

Add the tension and reduce the weight use the wire mesh and polystyrene

保麗龍減輕單元重、 金屬網增強單元內部拉力

the bounds become the first layer of bounds

Sand and water become the second layer of bounds

框架成為第一層約束

沙子和水成為第二層約束

Issues & material trial

https://reurl.cc/vmEmXA 清透與不透 ; 複雜與純粹 ; 同物體卻有不同狀態

https://reurl.cc/rZ0Zob

Preliminary experimental fabrication Unit’s type 單元型態

Triangle

Calculated easily in computer / Structure efficiency / Aesthetic expression 參數計算, 結構效益, 美學表現

Unit’s experimental fabrication

單元製造試驗

Material of one unit 單元所需材料

Preparation

Put in the inside mold

放入內模

x2

Wire mesh

x1

x32

Put in the polystyrene in the bottom 底部放入保麗龍

x1

x1

Polystyrene

Plastic

Prep work before casting 前置作業 Cut the plastic sheet

Fold the mesh wire

Attach the tape

折金屬網

黏貼膠帶

Fold the plastic sheet

Put in the Polystyrene ball 放入保麗龍球

木條作為單元膨脹的約束

Put in the metal pipe

Fold a part of sheet

Finished

放入金屬管

折入塑膠片，使混凝土抓住塑膠

灌注前單元

裁切塑膠片

折塑膠片

Wooden stick as the bounds

Casting 灌注 Put the cement into the utensil

倒砂入容器

將水泥倒入漏斗

Pour the water into the container

Casting

Issues & material trial

Pour the sand into the container

灌注

倒水入容器

Mix cement and water

Pour the sand and water into the container

混合水泥粉和水

水和砂倒入單元外容器中

Stir the cement

Finished, Wait for 24hours

攪拌水泥

靜置24小時

Destory too many parts of plastic Mesh wire would float Unit after drying

Unit before casting (Step 11)

Units assembling 單元組裝

Cable ties connect units 束帶連接單元

Metal pipe in the unit reinforce stress points in the structure

單元內金屬棒加強結構受力點

Hollow 空心

Interval 間隔

Units Arrangement Development The change of concrete arrangement

Not gradual

Gradual

Regular in two layers

Gradual

Units length

Casting Units location

The changes of plastic arrangement

Opening Spiked

Inside opening size

Vertical

Oblique

Vertical

System Visual Mock-up

Metal tube

Concrete

Plastic

Blank units 非灌注單元

Oblique

The changes of plastic arrangement

Blank

Horizontal

Oblique gradually

The changes of plan

Non - equilateral triangle

bottom view

Unit’s size & oblique layer

Step by step

Small size

Step

Large size

Spine

Step

Peplum

Step

Issues & material trial

Units length

Front and back opening changes

1to1 mock-up system

2

1to1 mock-up system

Mock-up Form Finding Pattern 1

Pattern 2

Form 1 - typeA

Front

Form 1 - typeB

Front

Back

Form 2 Form 3

Form 4

Pattern 3

Back

Casting movable equipments developing 1st generation

2nd generation

Back 3rd generation

Use the cable tie to fix the unit in the central of equipment

Reinforce the whole equipment stability

Reinforce the whole equipment stability secondly

使用束帶將單元固定在輔具中央

加強整體輔具穩定性

青

二度加強整體輔具穩定性

The cable ties are fixed on the vertical frame

Prevent the cable tie from moving up and down

束帶可固定在垂直向框架上

防止束帶上下移動

The vertical screw rod make the curved track moving up and down,forming a movable equipment 新增縱向螺桿，使其上弧形軌道可上下移動， 形成可動輔助裝置

2nd generation trial Fix the restriction using track

Final equipment

To fasten Alu pipes

Base

1to1 mock-up system

Fix the track using hardware

1 Folding the plastic Outside mold

1

Inside mold

2

4

3

3 Pour the sand To resist the cement expansion

4 Load the inside plastic Put it in the central

6 Casting

2 Prep work on Units Put the mold in the central of equipment

Put the track

Fix the restriction to restrict the expansion

2

Wrap up the shrink-wrapped

Casting units manufacturing procedure 灌注單元製造流程

5

1to1 mock-up system

6

7 Finished and waiting

7

5 Mix cement and water Mix to a proper proportion

Mock-up System

Rope

Alu. pipe

Cement

Plastic

Hardware

Alu. plate

Foundation

1 to 1 Mock-up

Video link

Layer 1

Layer 2

Layer 3

Layer 4

Layer 5

Layer 6

Layer 7

Layer 8

1to1 mock-up system

System to architecture

System to architecture

3

System detail

系統細部設計

3cm S/S ROD W/MILL FINISH

16mm THK PlASTIC

CONCRETE

EARTH COVERING

WELD WIRE MESH

BINDING WIRE TIE BACK

Coastal Design

海岸設計

Pier

Coastal space

Waiting line

Toilet

System to architecture

沿岸空間

Coastal space

New and old material combination Controlling human behavior

Do you want to go up there?

Shaded and public area

It doesn't get too hot here.

Toilet

公廁

The gradation of light and shadow Enclosed place Using cement to control privacy

Using the angles of the units to restrict the field of view

System to architecture

排隊動線

Waiting line

Levels of shadow Linear space

碼頭

Pier

Architecture as furniture Different space experience in a day due to the variety of the units

單元只會從一個單元直射進空間

System to architecture

Photo review

05

01

02

03

04

06

07

08

01-03 Units fabrication 04-05 1:1 mock-up assembling 06-07 Final presentation 08 The exhibition in Taipei Expo Park

Floating and Sinking Soft and solid material casting system

Project by : Yating Chen Directed by : Ying-Chang Yu Year of fabrication : 2022.08-2023.5

Special thanks to: Kai-Hsun, Yeh Xiao-heng, Hsieh Wei-Szu, Chiu Li-Hsuan, Tsai Chien-Chun, Wang

Yating Chen

Director : Ying-Chang Yu TKU Dept.Architecture 55th Thesis Design