VOL IX ISSUE 12 February 19, 2020
MY TRUTH
NBA renames All-Star MVP Award to honor Kobe
Winners named in Spelling Bee
Cheryl Smith Publisher
Stop It! Over the years, there have been many rules that were part of my growth and development. Boys don’t hit girls and girls don’t be fresh around boys. Don’t lie, don’t steal, do your chores, get good grades, and don’t be disrespectful to adults. There was also: if you lie, you’ll steal; if you steal, you’ll kill. Or, if an adult does something you don’t like, come tell me and I’ll deal with it. Mother said, Remember that you must always wear clean underwear and stay out of grown folks business. Then, whatever he does to you, I’m going to make sure someone does it to him (daddy didn’t play)! I was also taught to carry
Gayle King interviews former WNBA star Lisa Leslie for CBS This Morning. (Screen capture from
video of interview. / cbsnews.com)
myself like a lady and if I respect myself others will also. This hasn’t always been the case, but I’ve tried to hold up my end of the bargain and stay clear of people who did otherwise. Now I know everyone wasn’t raised as I was and I think it is important to at least attempt to understand the reality of others and to not be so quick to hurt others just because I am hurting. Which brings me to my truth. There’s been a lot of talk about an interview conducted by veteran journalist Gayle King with WNBA legend Lisa Leslie, following the death of NBA legend, Kobe Bryant. During the interview, Ms. King asked about a rape allegation in what was a “complicated” case that ended with the accuser’s failure to testify. The response, after a clip of the interview, appeared on social media, was immediate and horrible. Now admittedly some responses were very emotional and vicious. Many I don’t agree with but I understand. Hurt people hurt. And they respond/ react based on their realities. When I read and viewed some of the responses, I knew I would get questions about the issue. I thought back to that Sunday when I heard that Mr. Bryant, his 13-year-old daughter Gianni, and seven others - John Altobelli, head coach Orange Coast College baseball team, wife Keri and 13-year-old daughter Alyssa, a basketball player for Mamba; Sarah Chester and daughter Payton; pilot Ara Zobayan; and Christina Mauser, basketball coach at Harbor Day School in Newport Beach, where Kobe’s daughter attended school were killed in a helicopter accident. I communicated with our Sports editor about how to proceed and what angle would we write our story from. Now some might say that I was derelict in my duties as a journalist because never once did I even think about the rape allegation. Just wasn’t my focus! I believe even if I had thought about it during that time, for me, it was not relevant to any of our coverage. Several people asked for my opinion. While I know people were talking about See MY TRUTH, page 4
NBA Commissioner Adam Silver// Photo by Dorothy J. Gentry
By Dorothy J. Gentry Sports Editor
NBA Commissioner Adam Silver announced on Feb. 15 that the All-Star MVP will be renamed the Kobe Bryant MVP Award. The trophy was presented at the conclusion of the All-Star game, Mr. Silver said, “I know it will be especially meaningful to the player that wins the first Kobe Bryant MVP.” That player, Kawhi Leonard, upon receiving the coveted award, said, “I want to thank Kobe for everything he’s done for me. All the long talks and workouts. Thank you. This one’s for him.” Mr. Silver made the an-
nouncement during his State of the NBA address, held annually during the NBA All-Star Weekend. This year’s event was held in Chicago. “This seems so appropriate here at All-Star because nobody embodied All-Star more than Kobe Bryant,” he said. Mr. Bryant, his 13-yearold daughter Gigi and seven others were killed in a helicopter crash last month. “We were thinking about what the best way is, one of the ways, to honor Kobe,” Commissioner Silver said. “It happened to be that his loss came shortly before we were moving into All-Star festivities. I think one of the
things that stands out with Kobe, of course in addition to his five championships, is that he has the all-time record of 18 consecutive All-Stars and tied for the record of four MVPs. “So we were thinking what is something special we could do at All-Star that had more permanence than changing the num-bers on the jerseys and this was it.” The players also wore the Number 24 in honor of Bryant’s number he wore for 20 years with the Los Angeles Lakers or No. 2 in honor of his daughter who also played basketball as part of Mamba Academy. Team Lebron won the game, over Team Giannis.
60 Years Ago: Students Launched Movement
By Dr. Kelton Edmonds Special from The New Journal and Guide
PART II
Unique Weapons for Non-violent Students
In addition to the typical traits that come along with youthfulness such as idealism and impatience, student success during the 1960 sit-ins and thereafter was directly affixed to two distinct assets possessed
by students juxtaposed to their older adult activist counterparts. The first asset is condense demographics, as student-body populations were primarily located on campuses and/or nearby
Leah George First Place Winner
By Caren Rodriguez Garland ISD
This year’s district Spelling Bee featured fierce competitors, proud parents and four first-place winners. The number of winners isn’t a sign of a tie, but the result of a new Garland ISD competition. For the first time in district history, GISD hosted both an English and Spanish Spelling Bee in January. Like its English counterpart, the Spanish Spelling Bee requires students to win at the campus level in order to move on to the district round. The big difference: students in third-eighth grade don’t compete against each other for one title. There are three competitions within the Spanish Spelling Bee, naming one winner each for third grade, fourth-fifth grade and sixtheighth grade categories. Competition day started with the English Spelling Bee, where challengers battled for nine intense rounds. Jackson Technology Center for Math & Science sixth-grader Leah George snagged first place with the word consortium. After going head-to-head for five rounds and correctly spelling amar, Southgate Elementary School’s Kimberly Mendoza won the third-grade Spanish Spelling Bee. Roach Elementary School fifth-grader María González then claimed the fourthfifth grade No. 1 spot with excelsitud, and Jackson Technology Center for Math & Science seventh-grader Brandon Medrano secured first-place in the sixth-eighthgrade category with electrocardiograma. Congratulations and good luck to all winners and the following runners-up who will compete in either the Dallas County Public School Spelling Bee Feb. 19 or Region 10 Spanish Spelling Bee April 25. English Spelling Bee runners-up Valerie Semprun – Dorsey Elementary School Angel George – Shugart Elementary School Carden Nguyen – Spring Creek Elementary School Tripat Gill – Watson Technology for Math & Science Sherry Nguyen – Austin Academy for Excellence Gavin Davis – Hudson Middle School Spanish Spelling Bee runners-up Matthew Martin – Hickman Elementary School Yamileth Becerra – Golden Meadows Elementary School Geovany Flores – Memorial Pathway Academy
See HISTORY, page 8
Photos courtesy of Dave Burton.
A walk down Black History Lane I WAS JUST THINKING... By Norma Adams-Wade
As odds would have it, I am posting these thoughts on February 12. You know the drill. Throughout February, we American descendants of Africa pay tribute to our African and American heritage. Historians tell us that February was picked to commemorate Black History because two people significant to the event were born in that month -President Abraham Lincoln and
abolitionist Frederick Douglass. Lincoln, born on February 12, 1908, was key, of course, because the Emancipation Proclamation that he signed to end slavery – on paper -- became effective January 1, 1863. Douglass was key because he is one of the nation’s more famous abolitionists, writer, orator, and statesmen. Douglass was born into slavery, escaped, and learned to read in defiance of the thenpopular belief that enslaved Black were dim-witted and should not be educated, fearing
Hon. Frederick Douglass
they might begin to seek freedom. Historians say that Douglass did not know his real date of birth because, as an enslaved person, the date was not recorded. Historians say
that Douglass chose a date for himself – February 14, 1818. In one of his autobiographies, Douglass recounted his escape from slavery to freedom and his reaction when arriving on free land in the North: “I lived more in one day than in a year of my slave life...gladness and joy, like the rainbow, defy the skill of pen or pencil.” February as birthdays of these two towering figures intrigued Carter G. Woodson – whose parents were former enslaved Africans. We know Woodson, See THINKING, page 4
GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
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WHAT’S GOING ON?
(FOR THE FULL CALENDAR, GO TO GARLANDJOURNAL.COM)
Black History Month Recurring Events
Feeding The Needy, hosted by: "Hollywood Hernandez Live" 1691 Corsicana St., Dallas. 3-5p. Sundays. The Kinsey African American Art & History Collection, at the African American Museum, 3536 Grand Ave. now-3-1 Comerica Bank Prom Dress Drive, All sizes, shoes, purses, and accessories welcome. Drop Off locations & Info: Comerica.com/promdress from 2-1 to 29th. Free Job Training, Jobs in the Low Voltage Field, at Frazier House 4600 Spring Ave. 7:30a-3p. This is 4-week program. Info: Jasmine Anderson, jasmine.anderson@zwhjcoc.org. Free Tax Help at Dr. MLK, Jr. Branch Library, 2922 Dr. MLK, Jr. Blvd. Thursdays 11a-3p. Feb. 1st - April 15th. To Be Young Gifted and Black, at Jubilee Theatre, 506 Main St. Ft. Worth. Times Vary, Tickets: jubileetheatre.org. Funny You Don’t Like A Negro, at Theatre Three, 2800 Routh St. Ste. 168. Times Vary, Tickets: 214-871-3300. 2-20-3-15-20. A Raisin in the Sun, Featuring: Durant Searcy at Theatre Arlington, 305 W. Main St. Tickets and times: 817-275-7661. 2-14-3-8-20.
FEBRUARY 19 1853 The first YMCA was started in Washington, D.C. 1940 soul singer William “Smokey” Robinson was born.
Happy Birthday to Team Member and a great lady La Donna Castro The Dr. MLK Fresh Produce Distribution Center, Bldg. A 2929 Dr. MLK, Jr. Blvd. 10a-1p. Special Exhibition Opening, host Dallas Holocaust and Human Rights Museum 300 N. Houston St. 6-8p. Tickets: dallasholocaustmuseum.secure.force.com
BOB Networking Mixer, at Foundation Room House of Blues, 2200 Lamar St. 6-9p. Honoring Black History Month with our Youth in Mind, Saltlight Station, 1501 S. Greenville Ave. Free Eventbrite.com. Good Conversation Reception at The Tower Club, 1601 Elm St. 48th Fl. 5:30-10:00p. Listening Series with Chief Hall and Councilwoman Carolyn King Arnold at Becky Saner Rec. Center. 6-8p.
FEBRUARY 21-22 Charles Perry’s Vocal Masterclass Experience, host Connect Church Plano, 2200 Los Rios Blvd. 7-10p. & 10a-6p. Register: www. connectchurchplano.com.
FEBRUARY 21-23 The Black Academy of Arts & Letters Festival of Dance, The Rhythm and Soul of the People, at TBAAL 1309 Canton St. Times Vary. Info: www.AtlantaDanceConnection.com
FEBRUARY 21 1965 Black Nationalist leader Malcolm X was shot to death at Audubon Ball Room in Harlem, NY.
20th Anniversary Destiny Award Luncheon: A Conversation with Taraji P. Henson, St Phillips School, 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. In Conversation with Zan Wesley Holmes, Jr. & Charlotte Jones Dallas Cowboys, St. Luke Community UMC, 5710 R.L. Thornton Fwy. 7p. Diaper Day, Dallas WIC, 2229-B Dr. MLK, Jr. Blvd. 9:30-11:30a. Info: 214-670-8418. Frederick Douglass Elementary School's 30th Year Anniversary in Pleasant Groove!, Frederick Douglas Elementary Cafeteria, 226 N. Jim Miller Rd. 6p. Joe McBride Live at Chocolate Secrets, 3926 Oak Lawn Ave. 7:30- 11p. Tickets: Eentbrite.com. Jam for Jesus at Friendship-West Baptist Church. 7-9p Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
CRES Presents Dr. Khalil Muhammad – Condemnation of Blackness, host TCU African American Studies at Neely School of Business, 2900 Lubbock Ave. Ft. Worth 6-7:30p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Tillotson Luncheon Speaker Series w/ Councilman Casey Thomas at Maggiano’s, 205 North Park Center. 11:45a-1p. Tickets: jotformpro.com.
Small Business of Brand Building at DEC RedBird 3662 W. Camp Wisdom Rd. 6-8p. Free Eventbrite.com
Paul Quinn College Founder’s Day 2020 at Paul Quinn College 3837 Simpson Stewart Rd. 7-8:30p. Info: 214-379-5546
FEBRUARY 20 1927 Sidney Poitier, actor, born in Miami, Fl.
Plano Parks & Rec., TLAC (Think Like A Cop) NOW , Carpenter Recreation Center, 6701 Coit Rd. 6-8p. Info: www.tlacnow.com .
FEBRUARY 22 1732 President George Washington was born.
Red Alert, host Metropolitan Dallas Alumnae Chapter-Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. 2525 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd. 7-11p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Queenish Black Dolls Showcase, host Quinnie Nichols founder of Queenish Professional Womens Club at Lancaster Senior Life Center, 240 Veterans Memorial Pkwy. 11a-6p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Sadiaa Black Beauty Mixer Vol. 2, Theme: Curls and Crowns. AODI, 211 N. Ervay St. 2nd. Fl. 7-10p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Genesis Young Leader Masquerade 2020, Midnight in Monte Carlo, 6500 Dallas. 8p. Info: genesisshelter.org/masquerade.
UNCF Mayor's Masked Ball, host Honorable Eric Johnson, Hyatt Regency, 300 Reunion Blvd. 7p. Contact: UNCF 972-234-1007. Texas Black Sports Hall of Fame 2020 Induction Luncheon, African American Museum, 3536 Grand Ave. 11a. Tickets: Carol Huntley Little at 214-565-9026, ext 326.
DFWJAMSESSION Presents Open Mic, Sandaga 813, 813 Exposition Ave. 9p-1a. Tickets: rcandthegritz.com. Women of the West Bible Study, Friendship West Baptist Church 2020 W. Wheatland Rd. Wed. 7p.
FEBRUARY 27
Coffee & Politics 101, Voter Dilution in McKinney at African American Museum, 3536 Grand Ave. 10-11a.
1902 World-renowned opera singer Marian Anderson is born.
Volunteers in Patrol Training at Bexar St Sub-Station, 5400 Bexar St. Contact:: 214-671-3015.
Connect Dallas Mobility Fair and Symposium hosted by the City of Dallas at Briscoe Carpenter Center in Fair Park. 4-7p.
Census Ambassador Training at 148 N. Washington 11:45a-2p. Free Lunch. Contact:: kara@texasnewera.org.
Arlington Black Chamber February General Meeting at Brickhouse Lounge of Arlington, 2525 E. Arkansas Ln. #253. 6-8p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Municipal Court: Warrant Pop-Up Events, Nash-Davis Rec. Center; 3710 Hampton, Sat. 10a-1p. Umphress Rec. Center, 7616 Umphress. Sun. 10a-1p. Contact: 214-6703311.
Brown Lady “We want you in our Network”, Business Lounge Dallas, 13740 Midway Rd. Suite 528. 12-2p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
Badu Birthday Yoga, Urban Hippie Oak Cliff 833 W. 7th St. 2:30-3:30p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
FEBRUARY 23 1868 Educator, Civil Rights leader and author W.E.B. DuBois is born.
A Night of a 1000 Laughs, with comedian Ronni B, at The Island Spot, 2661 Midway Rd. 6-9p. Mardi Gras Oak Cliff Parade, host Go Oak Cliff. The parade route runs along Davis St. from Nova into the heart of Bishop Arts. 4-6p. Info: gooakcliff.org. The Guiltless Brunch: Mardi Gras Edition, in Dallas location after you RSVP: Website: www.itsguiltless.com 1-4p.
FEBRUARY24 1864 Rebecca Crumpler becomes the first Black Woman to receive a M.D. Degree.
Southern Dallas Community Briefing, The DEC at RedBird, 3662 Camp Wisdom Rd. 6:30- 8p. Free. The History of Civil Rights in America, The Dallas Institute of Humanities and Culture, 2719 Routh St. 6:30-8:p. Tickets: 35468audhosting.com.
FEBRUARY 25 1870 Hiram R. Revels becomes the first Black U.S. Senator
Positive Reflection Ministries Free Groceries, Pleasant Zion M.B.C. 1910 N. St Augustine Rd. 10a-1p. Info: 214208-5536. A Fat Tuesday Gathering, Tipsy Tuesday Daiquiri Shoppe, 2457 N. Hampton Rd. DeSoto. 6-9p.
FEBRUARY 26 1869 15th Amendment proposed in Congress, giving former slaves the right to vote. 1928 R & B singer “Fats” Domino is born.
Black History Youth Program at Ideal Family Church, 1000 E. Redbird Ln. 7-8:30p.
Black History Month Mixer, host North Dallas Suburbia at Blends Daiquiri Lounge, 2810 E. Trinity Mill Rd. #145. 6:30-11p. Join the Small Business Expo, host WERE Community at Kaye Bailey Hutchinson Convention Center, 650 S. Griffin St. 10a-5:30p. Eventbrite.com. Intuit Black Business Panel at Intuit. 5601 Headquarters Dr. Plano 5:30-8p. Free Eventbrite.com.
FEB 28 - MARCH 1 The Melanin MANIFESTival at 4 The Culture Studio, 115 N. Carroll St. Times Vary. Tickets: Eventbrite.com.
FEBRUARY 28 1984 Michael Jackson wins record 8 Grammy awards for his best-selling album Thriller.
DeSoto Arts Commission presents-The Dallas Black Dance Theatre, DeSoto High School-Eagle Stadium, 700 Eagle Dr. 7-9p. Tickets: Eventbrite.com. Ladies First Monthly Mixer at One Love Lounge, 2315 S. Cooper St. Arlington. 7p-12a. Tickets: Eventbrite.com. I Am Africa Art Show at WrightArt, 830 Exposition Ave. 7-10p. Tickets: wrightarttwinse.bigcartel.com. Black History Month Event at Restland Funeral Home, 13005 Greenville Ave. 3-4p.
FEBRUARY 29 1940 Hattie McDaniel becomes the first African American Woman to win an Oscar for “Gone with the Wind”.
Chris Tucker, at The Theatre Grand Prairie 1001 Performance Pl. 8p. Tickets: AXS.com. Delta Sigma Theta Sorority's-DFW Joint Founders Day Luncheon, Sisterhood: The Call…The Journey…The Destination… Irving Convention Center, 500 West Las Colinas Blvd. 11a. WAYO & City of Dallas Casey Thomas/Homeless Expo 2020, Crozier Hall2218 Bryan St. #105. 9a-1p. Hidden History Tour - Black History Alive and Well, Dart Transit Center, 1423 J.B. Jackson, Jr. Blvd. 9a. Book Tour: https://www. hiddenhistorydfw.com/
VOTE VOTE VOTE
NTIF.org • 214-821-4173 Discount tickets for saturDay anD sunDay at tom thumb anD albertsons
GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
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Nobody should live in a health care desert.
Yet, many African Americans have inadequate access to hospitals in this country. Some communities have only one doctor in the area. Others don’t even have a local hospital. Let’s call this what it is: institutional racism. When African Americans don’t have acces to health care, it perpetuates cycles of oppression and marginalization. Health care should be a human right afforded to everyone. It’s time to ensure African Americans have access to quality, affordable health care. I will fight for this fundamental right. Join us to increase hospital access in your community.
PAID FOR BY TOM STEYER 2020
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GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
Everybody’s got the right to live THE LAST WORD By DR. JULIANNE MALVEAUX
More than nine hundred people crowded into the Church of the Epiphany, an Episcopal church in Washington, DC. They had gathered to hear Rev. William Barber, the dynamic and prophetic co-leader (with Rev. Liz Theoharis) of the Poor People’s Campaign: A National Call for Moral Revival. They came, not only to hear Rev. Barber but also to sing and bond and listen to poor people tell their own stories. This late January gathering is one of many that the Poor People’s Campaign is having all over the country, leading up to a Mass Poor People’s Assembly and Moral March on Washington on June 20, 2020. With 43 state coordinating committees actively working in communities, Barber and Theoharis are planning to peacefully “take it to the streets� in downtown Washington, and to make the statement that “everybody’s got the right to live.� To assert that everyone has
a right to live seems obvious. But many of those who live in poverty have to fight to live. The poor have to scramble to eat, to afford medication, to find an affordable place to live. They have to watch their neighborhoods being decimated by gentrification, as rising housing costs push long-time residents out. As many as 45,000 people a year die because they don’t have health insurance. And more than 10 percent of the US population is “food insecure,� which means that they either skip meals, eat less at meals, or cannot afford nutritious food. One in six children is food insecure. Several of the poor people told their stories, while Congresswomen Barbara Lee (D-CA), Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX), and Brenda Lawrence (MI), among others, listened to the harrowing personal narratives from homeless people, a deaf student whose financial aid was cut when her father got a small raise, a woman who was arrested and incarcerated in front of
her children when she sold food on the street, and many more. The audience was urged not to clap but to shout supportively, “Somebody is hurting our people, and we won’t be silent anymore.�
under freeways. Some of us roll up our noses and are appalled by the odors that some homeless emit without wondering why there are odors and whether there are places where they can get showers or a bath.
Rev. William Barber with Rev. Jesse Jackson
Poverty is trauma. Poverty can be the source of enormous stress, and perhaps even some mental illness (though you don’t have to be impoverished to be crazy!). Poverty or near-poverty impacts 140 million people, nearly half of us. Rev. Barber says we must have “righteous indignation� about poverty. Instead, we seem to accept poverty as something we can do nothing about. We walk by homeless people on the street, drive past homeless encampments
Some of us find the homeless “unsightly� and lobby to have them moved from visible commercial corridors and upscale neighborhoods to places where we don’t have to look at or think about their plight. But homelessness is the most visible manifestation of poverty. And when we endeavor to render the homeless invisible, we are also attempting to eliminate the scourge of poverty. Dr. Martin Luther King once called poverty “an abomination� and compared
MY TRUTH Continued from page 1
it to cannibalism. Just a few weeks ago, we celebrated Dr. King’s birthday, but there were too few mentions of poverty. Indeed, while some of the presidential candidates have paid attention to economic structure, fewer have candidly discussed ways they would reduce or eliminate it. Speeches and debates go by with nary a mention of poverty. The candidates who choose to ignore poverty seem to forget that poor people vote. Or perhaps they are counting on poor people to be absent from the polls, especially when some forms of voter suppression require voters to incur additional costs to vote. Between 2016 and 2018, hundreds of polling places were closed, and if some have their way, there will be even fewer in 2020. Our electoral system is biased against Black people, Brown people, poor people. Julianne Malveaux is an author and economist. Her latest project MALVEAUX! On UDCTV is available on youtube.com. For booking, wholesale inquiries or for more info visit www. juliannemalveaux.com
Thinking about Impeachment... NNPA NEWSWIRE BY ROGER CALDWELL NNPA NEWSWIRE CONTRIBUTOR
The impeachment is completed, and President Donald Trump has been acquitted. After millions of dollars, thousands of lies, and 17 witnesses in the House, President Trump will be let off and cleared of any wrongdoing. He has been declared not guilty and proved innocent of the articles of impeachment. The American rule of law and the system has not worked again. President Trump lost the popular election by almost 3 million votes, but with the Electoral College (the American System), he is the President of the United States. Indeed, this appears unfair, but what can the citizens do? It seems the impeachment was a circus, and everyone knew the president was going to be acquitted.
“What we’re doing is watching, Trump’s most furious opponents lashing out at him as they have done over and over again since the president’s inauguration. These efforts haven’t worked before and they aren’t going to work now, and their refusal to face that fact doesn’t speak especially well for them,� says Damon Linker, of Yahoo News. The American system on many different levels is broken. President Trump and his cronies break the law, and the Republicans continue to act as if everything is great. When the president has been documented by the media for lying 15,000 times, the system is broken. When different Republicans agree that our president has been caught breaking the law, the
system is broken. “There is an underlying truth glimmering in claims of a broken system. Laws, rules, and norms are made through a political process, and the decision about how to apply them will always be a matter of judgment, which means it will be a matter of politics too,� says Damon Linker. The impeachment is politics at its highest level, and Senate Majority leader Mitch McConnell was in control once the articles of impeachment left the House of Representatives. Most of the bills in 2020 are partisan, and the members of each party vote together in lockstep. This is the new reality in the Senate and the House, and no one can make a decision that is good for the country. Politics has always been about who is the most articulate, and factual, but the impeachment appeared to be more about talking, and the facts were
Thinking, CONTINUED FROM FRONT PAGE
of course, as the “father of Black History� who led the movement to have a designated time to appreciate African-American history and culture. Woodson, an educator, scholar, author, historian, and publisher, latched on to February as he refined his Black history commemoration plans. The historian was not pleased -- in fact, he was upset that scholars during his time, did not include information about Black
President Abraham Lincoln
Dr. Carter G. Woodson
people, our culture and experiences when writing history books that children of all cultures would use in classrooms. School books were “whitewashed� one could say. Woodson, ever the visionary, set out to change that, and he did. He began
a crusade and led the charge that organized the Association for the Study of African American Life and History at a gathering in Chicago in 1915. Woodson and the group published many Black history materials for educators to use in Black
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Cheryl Smith Publisher
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not important. America heard from 17 witnesses in the House impeachment inquiry, and Democrats in the House are proud of their accomplishments. The House managers had 24 hours to make their case, even though everyone understood what was going to be the outcome in the Senate. Talk is cheap and our elected officials and their lawyers are paid well for their expertise. There are two Americas in the country, and they are virtually split down the middle. Many citizens believe that the president has gotten stronger, as a result of the impeachment. An impeachment is always a dark period in the history of America. Many Republicans think the impeachment was absolute nonsense, but over 70% of Americans wanted a credible trial, with witnesses, and facts. Sen. Mitch McConnell understood how to use his power, and there was only mindless conformity in his party and
schools. Then about a decade later in 1926, he and the group launched a week of Black History commemoration and activities -- the first Black History Week. Then 50 years later, during America’s 1976 Bicentennial Year, that Week became Black History Month. Woodson and company picked the second week of February as the celebration time because that week contained two important birthdays – those of Lincoln (February 12) and Douglass (February 14). Woodson in 1912 was the
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the Senate. President Trump will take a winner to leap around the country with his tweets. He will call the impeachment proceedings a distraction and a waste of taxpayers’ time and money. But, House Managers and Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, did a great job proving their case, and they addressed the corruption in the White House. The Democrats will say the Republicans are not telling the truth, and they broke the law. President Trump has been acquitted, and the only Republican Senator who stood for with truth was Senator Mitt Romney. After three years of embarrassment with the Trump administration, there will be no legal remedy to get President Trump removed from office. Our president will only be removed from the office at the ballot box. The system may be broken on many different levels, but your vote will remove the President from the office. GO out and VOTE.
second African-American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University. Historian and activist W. E. B. DuBois was the first in 1895. I was just thinking how all these Black History giants – Douglass, Woodson, DuBois, even Lincoln for the role he played, brought us from Douglass hiding secretly to learn how to read to an African-American president in the White House. Woodson approximately 90 years ago expressed his view of the damage not knowing your history and culture can do:
the rape, I wouldn’t have. I felt Ms. King’s initial question was framed appropriately but even she admits that the edited clip was offensive and hurtful. And I absolutely loved Ms. Leslie’s responses. I feel for Ms. King. I am sorry she has been attacked and threatened. When I heard the argument that “journalists ask the tough questions,� I understood what they were saying but I also understood those who said that there is a double standard and Black journalists get to ask “tough� questions only of other Black people. That statement reminded me of a Latina journalist who came under fire for asking tough questions of a white man. Maybe we should reexamine some practices and make changes. It wouldn’t be the first time. Heck, we in the Black Press know how Blacks were treated! Interestingly when there was a shooting in a newsroom, journalists asked for time to grieve. The hypocrisy of the moment was not lost on many. So many have been asked or seen someone asked an insensitive question and an answer was expected. Journalists pushed for answers because they were doing their jobs! That’s why I love that line from the movie, Head of State. The late, great Bernie Mac turned to a journalist and said, “That’s why nobody likes your ass!� There are so many wrongs in this situation and Dr. Michael Eric Dyson was among the phenomenal respondents who tried to make things right. Just as in the rapes of women in Dallas, I wanted to hear an outcry. I needed to hear men and women saying, “stop the madness.� I know we are hurting. I also know we have to draw a line in the sand and govern ourselves accordingly. Let’s not turn on one another. Let’s have a teachable moment and stop the madness. That’s another rule that makes sense! “This crusade is much more important than the antilynching movement,� he wrote in his opinion, “because there would be no lynching if it did not start in the schoolroom.� His thoughts and actions are Black History at its finest. Norma Adams-Wade is a veteran, award winning journalist, graduate of UT-Austin and Dallas native. She is also one of the founders of (NABJ) and was inducted into the NABJ Hall of Fame.
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GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
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Plantation Politics in Minority Broadcasting BY PLURIA MARSHALL JR. PRESIDENT / CEO MARSHALL BROADCASTING GROUP
Comerica names McKinney Executive VP, Ashford, Jr. Chief Community Officer
MIKE GETS IT.
MIKE GETS IT DONE.
THE ENDURING LEGACY OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION CONTINUES TO STAND IN THE WAY OF CREATING WEALTH IN BLACK COMMUNITIES.
MIKE’S GREENWOOD INITIATIVE IS A COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL APPROACH TO CREATING GENERATIONAL WEALTH FOR BLACK AMERICANS. IT INCLUDES:
• Snoop Dogg V. Gayle King, Ambassador Susan Rice • • Creating 1 million new Black homeowners.
Supporting the development of 100,000
new Black-owned businesses.
CHILDREN WITH A GOOD EDUCATION ARE MORE LIKELY TO ACHIEVE THE AMERICAN DREAM.
KEEPING KIDS OUT OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IS THE KEY TO A BRIGHT FUTURE.
Investing $70 billion in neighborhoods that
need it most.
DURING HIS TIME AS MAYOR OF NEW YORK CITY, MIKE:
• •
Increased teacher salaries by 43% and
Black student graduation rates by 53%. Reduced crime to historic lows by cutting the murder rate in half and reducing juvenile detention by 36%.
MIKE BLOOMBERG IS THE ONLY DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE WITH A PLAN TO BUILD REAL WEALTH FOR BLACK AMERICA AND A TRACK RECORD FOR GETTING THINGS DONE. For more information visit
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GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
Hollywood’s Movie Review:
From Marva
Birds of Prey
BY HOLLYWOOD
HERNANDEZ
Birds of Prey is a quirky action film with plenty of laughs and plenty of action. The movie starts with a narrative from Harley Quinn, who’s played by Margot Robbie, where she describes her version of her break-up with The Joker. Now that she no longer has Joker’s protection, she’s wanted by every criminal-type in Gotham City and a lot of cops, mainly Detective Montoya (Rosie Perez). The first half of the movie belongs to Robbie as she dances through whatever comes her way and shows her deranged and demented point-of-view. Her half of the movie is a lot of fun. Then, the plot gets rolling when the evil
Roman Sionis, AKA Black Mask (Ewan McGregor), puts out a bounty on a little girl named C a s s , (13-yearold Ella Jay Basco) and that’s when the movie kicks into overdrive. The little girl has swallowed a priceless diamond and there is nothing that Black Mask and his henchmen won’t do to retrieve it.
A singer at Roman Sionis’ club has an ear-piercing vocal range and some serious street-fighting skills. She is known as Black Canary ( J u r n e e Smollett-Bell). The rest of the kick-butt girl crew consists of Mary Elizabeth Winstead as Huntress, who’s hellbent on revenge after her entire family is killed in front of her and Rosie Perez’s Detective Montoya, who gets
with
By Marva Sneed
kicked of the police force. All of the ladies are really good in their roles, but it’s the badder than before Margo Robbie’s Harley Quinn, who has the blackest soul with a heart of gold. She doesn’t believe in anything and has the morals of a jackal, which by the way, Harley has one as a pet. In the end, she just wants to be liked. Birds of Prey is rated R and runs 1 hour and 49 minutes. The movie is a guilty pleasure. It will have you laughing at things that you really know you shouldn’t, but you won’t be able to help yourself. On my “Hollywood Popcorn Scale,” I rate Birds of Prey a JUMBO.
Join Hollywood Hernandez at Feeding the Needy Sundays from 3-5 pm 1641 Corsicana Street in Dallas
THAT CELEBRITY INTERVIEW
Dr. Neal Barnard
BY VALDER BEEBE ValderBeebeShow.com
I’m known for taking sabbaticals and my most recent to Colorado was truly life-changing. I knew when I returned to work I wanted to create more space to “change how we viewed things – so the things we view will change.” In my newest interview, Dr. Neal Barnard shares with our audiences how food and hormones play a powerful role in fertility and menopause, sex-hormone
related cancers, balancing the thyroid, type-2 diabetes, and regulating metabolism. He is the only physician who has conducted breakthrough research on how foods influence hormones and the problems they can cause. Dr. Barnard is president of the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, a faculty member of the George Washington University School of Medicine, and a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology. In 2016, he founded the Barnard Medical Center in Washington, D.C., to create a new model that integrates
nutrition into conventional medical care. His federally funded diabetes research revolutionized the nutritional approaches to type-2 diabetes, and he now aims to empower readers with life-changing information on hormones and health. Did you know that the causes of a surprising range of health problems are hidden in everyday foods? Few people realize that a simple food prescription can help you tackle these problems and gently restore your hormone balance, with benefits rivaling medications. In his new book, Your Body in Balance, he shares
the science behind how common conditions—like infertility, weight gain, menopausal symptoms, breast and prostate cancers, thyroid p r o b l e m s and acne —are fueled by hormones that are hidden in or influenced by the food we eat....
Listen On-Demand @ 411RadioNetwork.com and SoundCloud.com/valderbeebeshow. ValderbeebeShow.com, 411RadioNetwork.com, Youtube.com/ valderbeebeshow, 411RadioNetwork. com; Podcast audio: Soundcloud. com/valderbeebeshow, Soundcloud. com/kkvidfw, 411RadioNetwork.com, PChatman Streaming TV Network and VBS affiliate broadcasters.
What is he hiding? ASK ALMA By Alma Gill
Dear Alma, I have been dating “David” for over eight months, but I have never been to his house. Every time I bring it up, he changes the subject or comes up with a lame excuse. I’m not sure what to think. He will stay with me for weeks at a time, so I don’t think he’s involved with someone else. I’m confused. Hello, Confused, This situation occurs
more often than you might imagine. I’ve heard it pondered by countless coworkers and plenty of sisterfriends. I’m not going to make this long and drawn out. Bottom line: I suspect he doesn’t have a home. You guys are kickin’ it at your house because... No. 1: He might be married. I’m sure you’ve wondered the same thing. Or, he may be separated and
still living with the wife. No. 2: He could be living with his mom. Most men would hide this temporary, oh-I’m-just-passing-thru situation. No. 3: He could be homeless. It’s tough out there nowadays, with the economy the way it is. Maybe he’s stretching when it comes to his living conditions – a few weeks at your house, a few weeks at another woman’s house and a few weeks with his mom. Trying to pull together a security deposit and first month’s rent ain’t easy. I find it more disheartening that, after eight months, you
haven’t said to him pointblank, “Take me to your crib.” He’s definitely hiding something, but you aren’t being honest, either... with yourself. You haven’t made a fuss because you really don’t want to know. Truth is easier to deal with when we deny it. This is real simple. The next time he comes by, ask him. But make sure you’re ready for the answer. Alma Alma Gill’s newsroom experience spans over 25 years, including various roles at USA Today, Newsday and the Washington Post. Email questions to: alwaysaskalma@yahoo.com. Follow her on Facebook at “Ask Alma” and twitter @almaaskalma.
On from “From Marva with Love,” I interviewed Brenda Marks, who has a story to tell about how her life changed after a car accident. What seemed to be a quick claim has turned her life upside down. Ms. Marks called it, “Theft, Fraud, and Corruption in CompanySponsored Disability Insurance Court Systems.” MS: Ms. Marks tell us about yourself and how the accident happened? BM: I was a very active person in my community and my church working with kids and on this particular day I had agreed to work with students from one of the recreation centers in the community. I was leaving my job and I was going there. This was a designated place that was set up by my employer, by another manager to tutor kids. I was rear-ended while stopped at a red light. I didn’t want to be late... I saw who it was that hit me. I’m like ‘oh my goodness. Just send me the information because I am on my way to meet the manager and I need to make sure I’m there on time.’ I was running late. So when she sends me the information the next day. I was in the process of doing some community service. So I feel like I’m a veteran I’m an injured veteran. I was trying to assist some kids. MS: So you were on your way to work for your employer and didn’t want to be late when the accident happened. What was the damage to your car?
BM: When I got out and looked at my car the bumper was knocked out. That was all I could actually see. It didn’t look like it was very much damage. I just want to let people know that because you don’t have much damage to your car or you don’t feel like you’re injured or anything serious, you should still go and seek medical care. Go to your doctor, let them know you were in an accident. Because I think they fixed my car and it was like $900.00 of damage then. Later on I found out that I had a bent frame that was overlooked. MS: Did you have disability insurance? BM: I did have long-term disability insurance. It’s actually called ERSIA. You buy through your employer. I have always had that at every job. It is supposed to replace your income from your job if you are disabled to the point you can’t work. So I did have the insurance, it was in pending status. The fact that the document Cigna is using was filed in the wrong venue. It includes extra terms & conditions I did not agree to. They were never even discussed. However, the email correspondences and documents that I did agree to are not being utilized by Cigna or their counsel. My written response was in response to their first offer....
Just days after the tragic death of basketball superstar and entrepreneur Kobe Bryant, CBS This Morning co-host, and Friend of Oprah Winfrey, Gayle King sparked a controversy following her interview with former WNBA star and longtime friend of Bryant, Lisa Leslie. During an interview that covered a wide range of subjects, King was persistent and insistent as she pressed Leslie to respond to the resurfacing of 17-year-old rape allegations against Bryant. Bryant was not convicted of any wrongdoing in the matter. Prosecutors dismissed all charges against him after the alleged victim failed to appear in court. A civil suit brought by Bryant’s accuser was later settled for an undisclosed amount of money. Many viewers felt that the questioning was insensitive and displayed a lack of simple human decency,
given that Bryant’s family, along with the families of the other victims lost in the tragic accident, were still grieving. “It’s been said that his (Bryant’s) legacy is complicated because of a sexual assault charge that was dismissed in 2003 / 2004,” said King to Leslie during the interview. “Is it complicated for you as a woman, as a WNBA player?” “It’s not complicated for me at all,” Leslie told King. “I just never see – have ever seen him being the kind of person that would be – do something to violate a woman or be aggressive in that way. That’s just not the person that I know.” King continued pressing, telling Leslie, “Lisa, you wouldn’t see it, though. As his friend, you wouldn’t see it.” Leslie stood firm. “I just don’t believe that,” she told King, adding that the media should be more respectful at this time.
Tune in to From Marva with Love on blogtalkradio. com/cherylsmith Fridays 11 am-1 pm
Snoop, continued from page 5
A Trichologist’s Perspective about Scalp Oil ABOUT YOUR HAIR BY DR. LINDA AMERSON www.hairandscalpessentials.com
Many consumers have asked me these questions…Do I need to oil my scalp? I have heard that it clogs your scalp? What should I use when my scalp is dry? Now to give you a Trichologist’s perspective of oiling the scalp. When there is a scalp malady/ condition, yes you need to address your scalp. African American’s have approximately 90,000140,000 sweat glands. When the sweat dries, it leaves a film or residue on the scalp which is sodium
buildup. This sodium buildup is not removed or cleansed from the scalp, in many cases, as often as it should. Many consumers neglect shampooing their hair and scalp for threefour weeks, or longer, to hold on to a trendy hairstyle. Sometimes, it is laziness. Either way, it results in dry hair, dry scalp, an excessively itchy scalp which leads to tender scalps, erythema, inflammation, and irritation just to name a few.
This is when oiling of the scalp and hair becomes routine after shampooing. On the other hand, there are some consumers who have overactive sebaceous glands, where their scalp produces more oil. The frequency of shampooing should become common practice. In addition, in the Indian community, I have several clients who share with me about applying oil to their scalp and hair for shine and hair regrowth. Lastly, many natural hairstylists will instruct their clients who wear twists and locks to postpone shampooing their hair and scalp for sixeight weeks to preserve
their style. I disagree with this recommendation when there is a scalp condition. The scalp condition needs to be addressed first, then the trendy hairstyle second. More professionals need to realize this important fact. Top Reasons to Oil Your Scalp • To offset dryness from sodium buildup • For pruritus of the scalp • For scalp diseases • For scalp lesions • For soothing an irritated scalp • For scaly scalp conditions
• For eczema scalp conditions and circulation Why use Dr. Amerson’s Anti-Itch Soothing Oil? Formulated for Dr. Amerson by Chemist Tracy Hill-Ashley Benefits include: • Light, penetrating oil with a PH of 5.0 • Anti-inflammatory properties • Has healing and regenerating qualities • Stops pruritus immediately • Moisturizes scalp and hair for the entire family • Gives hair a brilliant
sheen with no pillow residue • Softens bonding glue for immediate removal • Great for shaving underarms with no irritation • Great moisturizer for cuticles of fingernails and toenails • Has been used on dogs (by clients) who suffer from itchy, dry skin Please direct all questions to Dr. Linda Amerson, Board Certified Trichologist. Please join us every Wednesday @ 11 am CST on Ask the Hair and Scalp Doctor Radio Show on www.DfwiRadio. com
GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
7
Dallas ISD Athletic Hall of Fame 2020 Class A five-time Pro Bowl linebacker, an NBA record holder, a legendary track coach, a 15time Emmy winner, a founding member of the LPGA, a sports medicine trailblazer, and an NBA power forward turned sports commentator are among this year’s Athletic Hall of Fame Class – a platform designed to recognize and honor individuals who have made significant contributions to Dallas ISD’s athletic program. The seven inductees slated to join the 2020 Athletic Hall of Fame include: Jesse Armstead, Michael Williams, Ernest James, Robert Goodrich, Betty Jameson, Phil Francis and Ira Terrel. The 2020 class will be introduced at the Dallas ISD Athletic Hall of Fame induction ceremony on Friday, May 1, at the Sheraton Dallas Hotel. Each living inductee is required to attend for official induction whether active or retired. Chosen individuals must exemplify the highest standards of sportsmanship, ethical conduct and moral character. Jesse Willard Armstead was a standout on Carter High School’s
Jesse Armstead
1988 football team, which won the 5A State Championship. Armstead, along with four other players on that Carter team went on to play in the NFL. The five-time Pro Bowl linebacker played nine seasons with the New York Giants and two with the Washington Redskins, and was recognized as one of the best linebackers in the league. Michael Douglas Williams played basketball for Carter High School and Baylor University before spending 10 seasons in the NBA. While playing for the Minnesota Timberwolves, Williams made 97 consecutive free throws over an eight- month period in 1993, the most for an NBA player.
Ernest Ray James (deceased) a legendary track coach for Roosevelt High School, nurtured the school’s track program to national prominence in the 1970s and ‘80s, leading the Mustangs to back-to-back state championships and coaching two future Olympians as well as future NFL and NBA players. In a 46-year career as an educator and coach, James touched the lives of thousands of youth in Dallas and surrounding areas. Robert Goodrich, a split end for the Woodrow Wilson Wildcats, was named a high school AllAmerican twice, in 1962 and ’63. He earned a football scholarship to SMU and played on the 1966 Southwest Conference championship team. Goodrich joined ABC Sports as a production assistant and worked his way up to produce the network’s Monday Night Football, Super Bowl and Indianapolis 500 broadcasts. Now a freelance television producer, director and consultant, Goodrich is a 15-time Emmy winner. Elizabeth “Betty” Jameson (deceased) attended Sunset
High School and the University of Texas at Austin and was one of the 13 founders of the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) in 1950. Jameson won three major championships during her career and is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame. Phil Francis is credited with building Dallas ISD’s athletic training program into one of the premier programs in the country, supervising many athletic trainers over the years and gaining the respect of both students and trainers as head of the district’s Sports Medicine and Athletic Training Department. Ira Terrell, who played basketball for Roosevelt High School and SMU, was the 1976 Southwest Conference Player of the Year and a three-time all-SWC first team honoree. He joined the Phoenix Suns in the 1976 NBA Draft and later played for the New Orleans Jazz and the Portland Trailblazers. IT, as he is known, is now a color commentator for Fox Southwest Sports.
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The NAACP Garland Unit Hosts Its 20th Annual
Winter Ball
“Saluting Candidates for Garland on the March 3, 2020 Ballot” February 14, 2020 – 8:00 p.m. @
Hyatt Place Garland 5101 N. George Bush Highway Garland, Texas 75040
Tickets: $55.00 - Attire: Black Tie Evening Includes: Live Entertainment – Dinner For tickets, send check or money order to: NAACP Garland Unit Attention: Gwen Daniels, PO Box 460944 - Garland, TX 75046-0944
Tickets are also available online at Eventbrite:
(Use this link)
https://www.eventbrite.com/e/21st-annual-winter-ball-tickets-87771860999?aff=ebdssbdestsearch
Ticket sales end on February 10, 2020 @ 9:00 P.M. For more information, call the NAACP Garland Unit: 972-381-5044, Voice Box #5, ask for Gwen Daniels.
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HE IS A SERIAL RAPIST
He targeted members of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. but this is more than about a sorority. We’re talking about a community. Come on PEOPLE! Don’t you CARE? Will it matter when it is your sister, mother? aunt or grandmother or maybe YOU?
Love Lives I refuse to allow this sadness to destroy my heart. Love is not banished by death. Bruised, yes. Tattered, yes. Displaced, oh, yes. But, never destroyed. No matter how dark your sorrow, love will grow forth.
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GARLAND JOURNAL - FEBRUARY 19, 2020
PAID BY EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON FOR CONGRESS
HISTORY,
SAVE THE DATE JANUARY 18, 2021 Register before June 30, 2020 for special rate
2021 Realizing the Dream Healthy Living Expo African American Museum
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Continued from front page
the colleges. The fact that hundreds to thousands of students in a college town lived within a square mile of each other led to the expeditious mobilization of large numbers of people and efficient dissemination of information and strategy. Although black churches proved to be invaluable throughout the Black Freedom Struggle from Reconstruction to the Civil Rights Movement, there was still no equivalent amongst the older black generation to the college campus’ effectiveness as both a meeting place and as a domicile for housing and dispersing the shock troops of the movement. The second major asset specific to students would be the relation between arrest and reprisal. At some of their demonstrations prior to 1960, older black activists strategically triggered their arrests for charges such as trespassing or loitering as a way to dramatize unjust treatment via media coverage and to pressure white officials to change discriminatory laws. Once mobilized per the sit-ins however, student activists were able to invite and withstand incarceration for far longer periods of time and in extremely larger numbers. Students vastly elevated this critical strategy of the overall movement. During 1960 and beyond, the enormous numbers unleashed by black student activists put unyielding pressure on local law enforcement, political officials and jail facilities. In many cities like Greensboro, there were not enough jail cells for all of the students arrested, particularly since the students refused bail and chose to remain incarcerated. This action severely drained local municipalities of money and resources, forcing local governmental, business and law officials to dramatically adjust policies and sometimes change discriminatory laws. Student activists were able to perfect this strategy because they could endure prolonged imprisonment without fear of major job or housing reprisal. Comparably, many older activists, whose families depended on their incomes, could not sacrifice prolonged periods of incarceration, as it would threaten their livelihood. Furthermore, angry employers or landlords, who disapproved of their protest activities, could threaten to fire them or abruptly remove them from property they were renting. Students were not confronted with the same ramifications of these economic, employment and housing reprisals, as the majority of them lived on campuses and perhaps had part-time, albeit replaceable, minimum wage jobs, often with no dependents. Drawing the contrast between student activists versus the older activists is not synonymous with drawing divisions, as the older activists understood the assets that students solely possessed to further the movement along. In fact, many of the older activists encouraged the younger activists and actively supported them in numerous ways. For example, when Bennett College students, who were the heroines on the 1963 Greensboro protests, were arrested
and refused bail during the 1963 sit-ins in Greensboro, their professors came to the jail facilities and gave them their classroom and homework assignments every week. This scenario personifies the symbiotic relationship between both generations in the fight against racism, as the professors showed their appreciation for the young people’s unique and valiant position for the benefit of the entire race and future generations, yet not removing the students from their responsibilities and academic requirements. Altogether, students endured countless hardships that included incarceration, verbal assaults and physical violence. Sometimes, attacks from white antagonists were compounded by disproportionate responses from law enforcement, as Portsmouth activist, Edward Rodman explained, “…the fire department, all of the police force and police dogs were mobilized. The police turned the dogs loose on the Negroes-but not all the whites.” Students also understood that they could pay the ultimate price for protesting against the status quo of racial inequality, as numerous activists were murdered throughout the Civil Rights era. Nevertheless, over 50,000 black students and sympathizers participated in the sit-ins of 1960. As historian Clayborne Carson highlighted, “Nonviolent tactics, particularly when accompanied by rationale based on Christian principles, offered black students…a sense of moral superiority, an emotional release through militancy, and a possibility of achieving desegregation.” A movement within a movement was born on February 1, 1960 and that movement evolved into its own distinct force by the middle of the decade. Soon after the sit-ins began, students realized their collective prowess, as student activism consistently helped define the decade of the 60s in forcing monumental political, legal and social changes throughout the nation. Finally, the black student activists of the 1960 sit-ins did three important things, albeit unintentional: they helped lay the foundation for all collective student activism in the 60s and beyond, they played a legendary role in the larger AfricanAmerican Freedom Movement that began as early as Africans’ arrival to colonial America, and they cemented a valuable place in one of America’s most significant traditions, the protest tradition, which has continuously defined and propelled our country since its inception. Our society, and all post-1960 social movements, have undeniably benefited from the audacity of those four brave freshmen and their actions on February 1, 1960. D r. K e lto n E d m o n d s is a P ro fe s s o r o f H is to r y a t C a lifo rn ia U n iv e rs ity o f P e n n s y lv a n ia . H is p rim a r y re s e a rc h is o n B la c k S tu d e n t A c tiv is m in th e U n ite d S ta te s. H e is a n a tiv e o f P o r ts m o u th , VA a n d g ra d u a te d fro m I.C . N o rc o m H ig h s c h o o l in 1 9 9 3 . H e h o ld s B .A . a n d M .A . d e g re e s in S e c o n d a r y E d u c a tio n -H is to r y fro m N o r th C a ro lin a A &T S ta te U n iv e rs ity. H e e a rn e d h is P h .D . in 2 0 th C e n tu r y U S H is to r y fro m th e U n iv e rs ity o f M is s o u ri-C o lu m b ia .